专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，内蒙古专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 该试卷为八年级下说明文阅读理解专题汇编，精选内蒙古等地期末真题，涵盖人与社会（活动、文学、文化）、人与自然（景观、灾害）、人与自我（身心健康）等主题，情境真实，能力梯度清晰。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|多篇阅读，每题4-5小题|细节理解（如活动时间）、词义猜测（如“illustrator”）、主旨大意（如最佳标题）、推理判断（如作者意图）|素材兼具时代性（短视频、AI）与文化性（《爱丽丝梦游仙境》、巴彦淖尔），问题设计从基础信息提取到深层逻辑分析，适配期末综合能力考查|

专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——活动 （2025八年级下·内蒙古乌兰察布·期末）In winter, people often like to stay inside, but it is fun to go outside and get close to nature. Here are two activities. One is called “New Year Plant Hunt”. It is from December 29 to January 1. This activity invites people to go out and report which plants are flowering in their area. The results can help experts learn about the growth of plants in different places. They also help them understand the impact (影响) of climate change. The other activity is called “12 Days Wild”. From December 25 to January 5, people can do one thing about the wild a day. These things include watching or helping wildlife. If it is snowy, you can go on a winter walk and look for animals’ footprints. If it is too cold or wet to go outside, you can do some indoor activities. For example, you can draw some pictures about wildlife or make some New Year’s resolutions to help nature. If you want to have a try at either of these winter activities, you can look for more information about “New Year Plant Hunt” and “12 Days Wild” online. Through the activities, you can not only have fun but also learn more about wildlife. Come and enjoy the natural wonders of our amazing planet. 1．When does the activity “New Year Plant Hunt” start? A．On December 25. B．On December 29. C．On January 1. 2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．The flowers. B．The results. C．The changes. 3．What can people do in the second activity? ①Look for animals’ footprints.         ②Draw pictures about wildlife. ③Make New Year’s resolutions.        ④Write reports about plants’ growth. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Come to save our planet B．Winter activities to enjoy nature C．Work together to fight climate change 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冬季里两种亲近自然的活动 ——“新年植物搜寻”和“12天野性探索”，分别阐述了活动的时间、内容及意义，鼓励人们参与这些活动，在乐趣中了解野生动物，感受自然奇妙。 1．细节理解题。根据“One is called ‘New Year Plant Hunt’. It is from December 29 to January 1.” 可知，“新年植物搜寻” 活动从 12 月 29 日开始。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“The results can help experts learn about the growth of plants in different places. They also help them understand the impact (影响) of climate change.” 可知，这里“They” 指代的是前文的“The results”，即活动结果既能帮专家了解植物生长，也能帮其理解气候变化影响，B 选项“The results.”正确。故选B。 3．细节理解题。对于“12 Days Wild”活动，根据“These things include watching or helping wildlife. If it is snowy, you can go on a winter walk and look for animals’ footprints...you can draw some pictures about wildlife or make some New Year's resolutions to help nature.”可知，人们可以做“寻找动物足迹（①）、画野生动物相关画（②）、制定助力自然的新年决心（③）” 这些事，所以①②③符合，故选A。 4．最佳标题题。文章围绕冬季两个亲近自然的活动展开介绍，B选项“Winter activities to enjoy nature（享受自然的冬季活动）”能准确概括主旨。故选B。 主题02 人与社会——文学 （2025八年级下·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·期末） Alice in Wonderland is one of the most popular children’s books, and many adults enjoy it as well. It tells the story of a young girl named Alice, who follows a rabbit into a magical world called Wonderland. She has many magical experiences. The popularity of the book comes from its imagination, interesting story and artwork. The writer of the book is Lewis Carroll. In fact, Lewis Carroll’s real name is Charles Dodgson. One day, he took a boat ride down the River Thames to have a picnic with three little girls who were friends of the family. To keep them happy during the ride, he told them a story in which Alice, the middle child, was the main character. They enjoyed the story very much. Charles later wrote the story down under the name Alice’s Adventures under Ground and gave it to Alice as a Christmas gift. Later, he gave a copy to his friend George MacDonald. George read it to his children and they loved it. George advised Charles that he should make a book from his story. Charles then wrote more parts to the story until it was around 35,000 words. The artwork was done by John Tenniel, a famous illustrator, whose pictures were really interesting. The book came out in 1866, under the name Alice in Wonderland. One of its fans was Queen Victoria. She immediately bought all of Lewis Carroll’s books. She was surprised to find that they included many books on math. Since the book came out, it has been translated (翻译) into over fifty languages. 1．What makes Alice in Wonderland popular? A．The writer’s real name. B．Its imagination and interesting story. C．The magical world-Wonderland. 2．What does the underlined word “illustrator” mean? A．A person who makes up stories. B．A person who translates articles. C．A person who draws pictures for books. 3．Which is the right order of the following facts? ①Charles wrote the story Alice’s Adventures under Ground. ②Charles had a boat ride with three girls. ③The book became popular all over the world. ④George advised Charles to make the story longer. ⑤Alice in Wonderland came out in 1866. A．②①⑤④③ B．②①④⑤③ C．①②④⑤③ 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Alice’s Traveling Experiences B．A Magical World Called Wonderland C．The Birth and Influence (影响) of a Great Book 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了经典儿童文学作品《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的创作背景、成书过程及其全球影响力。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“The popularity of the book comes from its imagination, interesting story and artwork”可知，该书的流行源于其想象力、有趣的故事和插画。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第3段“The artwork was done by John Tenniel, a famous illustrator”及后文“whose pictures were really interesting”可推断，“illustrator”指为书籍绘制插画的人。故选C。 3．细节理解题。首先，根据第二段“One day, he took a boat ride down the River Thames to have a picnic with three little girls...”，Charles和三个女孩乘船，对应②；  接着，第三段“Charles later wrote the story down under the name Alice’s Adventures under Ground...”（查尔斯后来以《爱丽丝地下冒险记》为名把故事写下来），对应①；然后，“George advised Charles that he should make a book from his story. Charles then wrote more parts to the story...”（乔治建议查尔斯把这个故事成书。查尔斯随后给故事写了更多内容），对应④；再根据 “The book came out in 1866, under the name Alice in Wonderland.”（这本书于1866年出版，名为《爱丽丝梦游仙境》 ），对应⑤；最后，“Since the book came out, it has been translated into over fifty languages.”（自从这本书出版，它被翻译成五十多种语言 ），说明在全世界流行，对应③。   顺序为②①④⑤③，故选B 。   4．最佳标题题。文章围绕《爱丽丝梦游仙境》这本书的诞生（创作、成书过程 ）以及影响（受欢迎、被翻译、读者喜爱等 ）展开。A选项“爱丽丝的旅行经历” 只是书中内容；B选项“一个叫仙境的神奇世界” 只是书中设定；C选项“一本伟大书籍的诞生与影响” 涵盖全文内容。故选C 。 主题03 人与社会——社会文化 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·期末）Bayannur—A Place You Will Never Forget! Have you ever heard of the song The Nur of Bayannur sung by Wang Yanfeng and his guys? Bayannur, a beautiful city in Inner Mongolia, is a perfect travel destination. Here, the Han and Mongolian cultures blend together nicely. People here speak both Chinese and Mongolian, so you can easily feel the special mix of these two cultures. Food lovers, you’re in for a treat! Bayannur is full of delicious traditional Inner Mongolian dishes. Don’t miss the chance to taste the famous roasted whole lamb, which smells great and tastes even better. Mongolian milk tea is a must-try too, warm and a little salty. And the mutton soup with rice cakes? It’s so tasty and filling! You can also find all kinds of ethnic foods here, from Han food to other minority dishes. The grasslands in Bayannur are truly amazing. Just imagine: a sea of green stretching as far as you can see, with horses running freely and sheep looking like white clouds on the grass. It’s the best place to learn about nomadic life, ride a horse, or simply lie down and enjoy the peace. Thanks to its location in the north, Bayannur has four very different seasons. In winter, the whole city is covered in snow, making it a white wonderland. In summer, the grasslands are full of colorful flowers. If you want a trip that’s full of fun and new experiences, come to Bayannur! You’ll make lots of happy memories here, and you’ll never want to leave. Trust me, it’s a place you’ll always remember! 1．Which of the following is NOT true about the food in Bayannur? A．Roasted whole lamb in Bayannur smells and tastes great. B．Mongolian milk tea in Bayannur is sweet and hot. C．Mutton soup with rice cakes in Bayannur is very delicious. 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Bayannur’s special culture. B．Delicious food in Bayannur. C．Beautiful views in Bayannur. 3．If you visit Bayannur, which experience can you have according to the passage? A．Play computer games in a big Internet café. B．Help local people feed sheep and learn to ride a horse. C．Visit a theme park about space and astronauts 4．The passage is written to _________. A．tell people the history of Bayannur B．invite people to visit Bayannur C．teach people how to make Mongolian milk tea 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇旅游推荐类文章，主要介绍了内蒙古巴彦淖尔市的多元文化、特色美食、草原风光和四季景色，旨在吸引游客前往体验。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Mongolian milk tea is a must-try too, warm and a little salty”可知，蒙古奶茶是“温热的且略带咸味”，而非“甜且热”。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。第3段描述了巴彦淖尔草原的壮丽景色，如“绿色的海洋”“自由奔跑的马群”等，核心内容是自然风光。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第3段“It’s the best place to learn about nomadic life, ride a horse...”可知，游客可以体验骑马、了解游牧生活，与“帮助当地人喂羊和学习骑马”相符。故选B。 4．推理判断题。全文通过介绍巴彦淖尔的文化、美食、风景和四季特色，旨在吸引游客前往。根据最后一段“come to Bayannur! You’ll make lots of happy memories here”可直接推断写作目的。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·内蒙古通辽·期末）Do you know which social app Chinese young people use a lot now? “Short videos” are certainly the most popular. Some use TikTok and Kuaishou. They think it is fun to share short videos about their lives, while others have other purposes as well. A 12-year-old user called Elsa has about 2.7 million fans on TikTok. The girl has shared videos about her dancing studies since last July. One of the videos won her about one million fans. “I feel really glad to share happiness with people by short videos,” said Elsa. As some videos are about the latest news, a group of users depend on them to get information. To some other users, they have a different purpose. “Because I can’t spend many hours watching a whole video and I’m not a very patient person, I don’t like waiting for a program to the end. I prefer to watch short videos of wonderful parts in the program.” said Wang Zhihao. However, some young Chinese feel bored with some short videos. “Killing time is the main reason for me to watch the short videos, but many are almost the same, so I think it is a waste of time. What’s more, I really don’t like the videos which show odd, even dangerous things,” said Wen Nan, another college student. Recently, something else has happened. Some videos are telling people what products are worth buying. But after they buy the products, they may regret soon. So they should think whether these products will be bought again. Some short videos even sell bad products, but these sellers won’t let you get your money back. 1．How does Elsa feel when she has more than one million fans? A．Surprised. B．Happy. C．Lucky. 2．According to the third paragraph, we know that ________. A．some users spend many hours watching a whole video B．some videos are about the latest news, while others are about the last news C．some users choose to watch parts of videos because they don’t have too much time 3．What does the underlined word “odd” in Paragraph 4 mean in English? A．Strange. B．Lively. C．Funny. 4．Why does the author write this passage? A．To introduce how to make short videos. B．To explain the importance of using short videos. C．To show the different purposes of using short videos. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国年轻人使用短视频社交应用的不同目的和态度，包括分享生活、获取信息、消磨时间以及存在的问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“One of the videos won her about one million fans. ‘I feel really glad to share happiness with people by short videos,’ said Elsa.”可知，Elsa因拥有百万粉丝而感到高兴。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Because I can’t spend many hours watching a whole video and I’m not a very patient person, I don’t like waiting for a program to the end. I prefer to watch short videos of wonderful parts in the program.”可知，部分用户因时间有限选择观看片段，而非整个视频。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“I really don’t like the videos which show odd, even dangerous things,”可知，“我”真的很不喜欢那些展示奇怪甚至危险内容的视频，因此划线词汇odd意为“奇怪的”，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过Elsa、Wang Zhihao、Wen Nan等用户的例子，展示了观看短视频的不同目的及问题。故选C。 Passage 3 （2024八年级下·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·期末）China covers a large area and has a big population. So, the different living habits of people around the country has always been an interesting topic. Now, one living habit is being talked about a lot: the way that northerners and southerners shop at food markets. People from southern China say they always buy what they need for just one or two meals. It is normal for them to buy half of a Chinese cabbage, two potatoes and 250 grams of beef at a time. However, one may be laughed at if he does this in the north. Instead, buying enough vegetables and meat for a week is normal, reported China Daily. Also, you can buy a very small amount of fruit, such as a single apple or pear, each time in the south. Shop owners even help you peel (削皮) and cut the fruit. But shop owners in the north rarely offer such service. And many fruits are sold in baskets and boxes. The difference could be due to the different climates. Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. Many northerners have the habit of stocking up (囤货) on food, especially for the long winter. But the hot and wet weather in the south makes southern Chinese people buy just enough food for one meal or one day, or else the food may go bad. 1．What do we know about the fruit stores in southern China? A．They offer free boxes and baskets. B．They sell many fruits together. C．They can help prepare the fruit for customers. D．They sell fruit in packs of two. 2．What is the big difference in the shopping habits of the two groups? A．What foods they can buy. B．How much the foods cost. C．How they spend money. D．How long they store fresh food. 3．The underlined words “due to” mean . A．leading to B．instead of C．because of D．apart from 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．How the weather is different in China B．Chinese people’s differences in buying foods C．Southern Chinese and Northern Chinese people D．Buying different things across China 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍了中国南北方人们不同的购物习惯，这种不同的生活习惯可能是因为中国南北气候的差异。 1．推理判断题。根据“Also, you can buy a very small amount of fruit, such as a single apple or pear, each time in the south. Shop owners even help you peel (削皮) and cut the fruit.”可推知，南方的水果店可以帮助顾客把水果切好，准备好。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. Many northerners have the habit of stocking up (囤货) on food, especially for the long winter.”以及“But the hot and wet weather in the south makes southern Chinese people buy just enough food for one meal or one day, or else the food may go bad.”可知，南北方购物习惯的差异就是“他们储存新鲜食物的时间”。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“The difference could be due to the different climates.”可知，此处应该表达这种差异可能是由于不同的气候，因此划线单词的意思是“由于”。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国南北方人们不同的购物习惯，这种不同的生活习惯可能是因为中国南北气候的差异。因此最佳标题是“中国人购买食物的差异”。故选B。 Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·全国·期末）Many people love travelling to different countries, but if you plan to go abroad, you should know how to behave in different situations around the world. ①________ Most travellers enjoy meeting new people, but sometimes you can be rude without knowing the customs when people first meet. In Russia, you should never shake hands in the doorway. When the Japanese meet new people, they like giving business cards, but you should read the card carefully, not just put it in your pocket. ②________ In most countries in Europe, people expect a lot of eye contact when you talk to them, but in many Asian countries a lot of eye contact seems unfriendly. And in China, people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk, but in countries like the USA you need to give people more personal space. ③________ In restaurants in China, you can leave a bit of food on your plate. It’s OK to start smoking before other people finish eating, which you mustn’t do in the UK. When in India, remember to eat with your right hand. Also avoid leaving empty bottles on the dinner table in Russia—that’s too bad. ④________ When you are travelling in Asia, if someone invites you to his or her home, don’t forget to take off your shoes when you arrive. And if you visit an Arab family’s home, don’t admire anything valuable because your host will feel he should give it to you as a present. With so much to think about, it’s not surprising that many people prefer going on holiday in their own countries, or they might just decide to stay at home! But anyway, wherever you go, please remember, you should respect the customs there and try to get used to the life there. 1．What is the theme of the passage? A．Friends. B．Plans. C．Customs. D．Feelings. 2．Match the title with each paragraph (Paragraph 2-Paragraph 5). a. Showing people’s love.        b. Visiting a family. c. Meeting new friends.        d. Face-to-face communication. e. Shaking hands. f. Table manners. A．①→e, ②→a, ③→f, ④→b B．①→c, ②→a, ③→f, ④→d C．①→c, ②→d, ③→f, ④→b D．①→e, ②→d, ③→f, ④→c 3．Which of the following statements is true? A．In India, people eat with their left hand. B．In Arab, we can admire something valuable in people’s home. C．In Russia, it’s impolite to shake hands with people in the doorway. D．In the USA, people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．Where there is a will, there is a way. D．When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同国家和地区的社交与生活习俗，旨在提醒人们出国旅行时要尊重当地习俗、入乡随俗。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Many people love travelling to different countries, but if you plan to go abroad, you should know how to behave in different situations around the world.”可知，本文主要讲述的是如果你计划出国旅行，你应该知道在世界各地不同的情况下如何表现。故可推测出文章的主题是习俗。故选C。 2．最佳标题题。根据“Most travellers enjoy meeting new people, but sometimes you can be rude without knowing the customs when people first meet.”可知，①段讲述初次见面的礼仪，对应c.Meeting new friends；根据“In most countries in Europe, people expect a lot of eye contact when you talk to them, but in many Asian countries a lot of eye contact seems unfriendly.”可知，②段讲述面对面沟通时的眼神交流和距离差异，对应d.Face-to-face communication；根据“In restaurants in China, you can leave a bit of food on your plate.”可知，③段讲述不同国家的用餐礼仪，对应f.Table manners；根据“When you are travelling in Asia, if someone invites you to his or her home, don’t forget to take off your shoes when you arrive.”可知，④段讲述拜访家庭的礼仪，对应b.Visiting a family。因此匹配为：①→c，②→d，③→f，④→b。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In Russia, you should never shake hands in the doorway”可知，在俄罗斯，在门口与人握手是不礼貌的。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“wherever you go, please remember to respect the customs there and try to get used to the life there”可知，作者主要是想告诉我们入乡随俗“When in Rome, do as the Romans do”的道理。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，文章①段总起介绍出国旅行需了解习俗，②-⑤段分别从见面、沟通、用餐、拜访四个方面分述不同习俗，⑥段总结强调尊重当地习俗，结构为“总—分—总”。故选D。 主题04 人与自然——自然景观 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·内蒙古兴安·期末）Fraser Island is in Queensland, Australia. It is about 120 kilometers long and 24 kilometers wide. It is the largest sand island in the world. There is no airport on the island, but there is a long beach along the east coast (海岸). Planes arrive and leave from there. The sand makes unusual shapes. There are hills made of sand called sand dunes (沙丘). Nothing grows on them. They move one or two meters a year from the northwest towards the southeast of the island. There are some beautiful places on the island, such as Rainbow Gorge and Red Canyon. Fraser Island is the home of several plants and animals. There are beautiful flowers and different kinds of trees. There are also many birds like cockatoos. About 500,000 people visit the island every year to see the island’s beauty. People enjoy camping and hiking there. Unluckily, the visitors damage (损坏) plants and frighten (使惊吓) animals. They make water dirty, which makes them unable to grow well. So it is necessary to manage the visitors. For example, people can’t use motor boats or go fishing in the lakes unless they have official (官方的) papers. 1．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Beautiful flowers. B．Unusual shapes. C．Sand dunes. 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．There is only one airport on the Fraser Island. B．Fraser Island is larger than any other sand island in the world. C．Visitors can go fishing in the lakes of Fraser Island at any time in the future. 3．The cockatoo is a kind of ________. A．bird B．flower C．tree 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Natural Facts about Fraser Island B．The History of Fraser Island C．Local People’s Daily Life on Fraser Island 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了澳大利亚昆士兰州的弗雷泽岛，包括它是世界上最大的沙岛，有独特的沙丘景观，是多种动植物的家园，每年吸引众多游客，但也因游客的活动面临一些问题。通过这些内容，向读者呈现了弗雷泽岛的自然概况。 1．词句猜测题。根据“There are hills made of sand called sand dunes (沙丘). Nothing grows on them.”可知，这里的“them”指代前面提到的“sand dunes”，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“It is the largest sand island in the world.”可知，弗雷泽岛比世界上其他任何沙岛都大，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“There are also many birds like cockatoos.”可知，美冠鹦鹉是一种鸟，故选A。 4．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了弗雷泽岛的地理位置、大小、独特的沙丘景观、丰富的动植物资源以及目前面临的游客问题等自然方面的事实，所以最佳标题是“弗雷泽岛的自然概况”，故选A。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·全国·期末）When you first hear about the Dead Sea, it might sound scary, but the truth is quite different. Let’s get closer to the Dead Sea and learn more about it. The Dead Sea is located in Southwest Asia. It is about 50 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide at its widest point. It sits at about 430 meters below sea level, making it the lowest point on earth’s land. What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. It’s a lake. The salt concentration (盐浓度) in it is more than 30 percent, which is about eight times saltier than typical seawater. This makes it one of the saltiest bodies of water on earth. The Dead Sea stays so salty because of its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall, and only a small amount of freshwater flows into it. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the freshwater to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. For these reasons, it is also known as the Salt Sea. If you are to swim in the Dead Sea, you won’t see any sea life — no plants or animals. The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to live there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea. However, don’t let the name or not having any sea life scare you. Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. The high concentration of salt in the Dead Sea allows anyone to float well, without the need for life buoys (救生圈) . In fact, many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation. If you walk along the lakeside, you’ll likely see many people floating in the water, reading books or magazines. 1．What do we know about the Dead Sea? A．It is the largest place in Asia. B．It is the widest sea in the world. C．It is the deepest point in America. D．It is the lowest lake on earth’s land. 2．What makes the Dead Sea so salty? A．A lot of seawater runs into it. B．Human activities improve the salt levels. C．Little rainfall and rapid evaporation of freshwater. D．The high temperature stops the water from freezing. 3．Why do people call it the Dead Sea? A．Because they cannot swim in it. B．Because it has something dangerous. C．Because it has the low salt concentration. D．Because no plants or animals can live in it. 4．What does the underlined word “float” probably mean? A．Sing in the room. B．Stay above water. C．Fly in the sky. D．Walk on the road. 5．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．People feel scared when swimming in the Dead Sea. B．The Dead Sea is dangerous for people who can’t swim. C．If people can’t swim, they’ll still be safe in the Dead Sea. D．A life buoy is necessary when swimming in the Dead Sea. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了死海的地理特征和独特之处。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It sits at about 430 meters below sea level … making it the lowest point on earth’s land”以及“It’s a lake with a salt concentration ... ”可知，死海是地球陆地最低点，且第三段明确提到它是“a lake”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“it receives very little rainfall ... fresh water evaporates quickly”可知，降水少、淡水蒸发快导致盐分浓缩。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to live there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea”可知，高盐浓度使得动植物无法在那里生存。这就是为什么它被称为死海的原因。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“without the need for life buoys”和“people floating in the water, reading books”可知，高盐度使人无需救生圈即可“漂浮”，即停在水面上。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die ... allows anyone to float well”可知，即使不会游泳，因浮力大仍安全。故选C。 Passage 3 （2026·广西桂林·二模）Our earth is full of colourful natural wonders: green rainforests, yellow deserts and blue oceans. They are home to all living things and provide us with important resources. The Amazon Rainforest is the world’s largest rainforest, covered with endless green plants. Known as the “Lungs of the Earth”, it produces much oxygen for all life. Many countries protect it, and over 2 million square kilometers are in natural reserves. Local people also plant young trees every year. The Sahara Desert is a bright yellow land. It is one of the largest and driest deserts on Earth. People here live in harmony with nature. They collect rainwater carefully and use less than 10 liters of water each day. They also plant drought-resistant plants to hold sand. The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth, shining in bright blue. Oceans together cover more than 70% of the earth’s surface. Plastic bags pollute about 80% of ocean areas and harm sea animals. Now people clean millions of tons of rubbish from beaches yearly and use less plastic to protect the blue water. These colourful natural gifts support our life. Protecting them is protecting ourselves, and we should always live in peace with nature. 1．What colour is the Amazon Rainforest? A．Yellow. B．Blue. C．Green. 2．Why is the rainforest called the “Lungs of the Earth”? A．Because it produces oxygen. B．Because it holds sand. C．Because it cleans water. 3．How much water do people in the Sahara use every day? A．Over 10 liters. B．Less than 10 liters. C．About 20 liters. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell us to visit natural wonders. B．To ask people to live in peace with nature. C．To show how to plant trees. 5．What is the summary of the passage? A．People need to protect oceans and rainforests in daily life. B．Natural wonders are important but they are in great danger. C．Different colourful natural wonders and how people live with nature. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地球上色彩各异的自然奇观，以及人类与这些自然奇观和谐共处的方式。 1．第二段提到“The Amazon Rainforest is the world’s largest rainforest, covered with endless green plants.”，可见亚马逊雨林被无尽的绿色植物覆盖，因此它的颜色是绿色。 2．第二段提到“Known as the ‘Lungs of the Earth’, it produces much oxygen for all life.”，说明雨林被称为 “地球之肺”是因为它为所有生命产生氧气。 3．第三段提到“They collect rainwater carefully and use less than 10 liters of water each day.”，说明撒哈拉沙漠的人们每天使用的水量少于10升。 4．文中最后一段提到“Protecting them is protecting ourselves, and we should always live in peace with nature.”，可见文章的写作目的是呼吁人们与自然和谐相处。 5．文章依次介绍了绿色的雨林、黄色的沙漠和蓝色的海洋，并分别说明了人们如何保护或适应这些环境，因此全文的主旨是介绍不同色彩的自然奇观以及人们如何与自然共处。 主题05 人与社会——科学与技术 （2025八年级下·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末）Hi there! My name is DeepSeek, and I’m an AI, just like a super-smart robot friend. I live inside computers, phones, and on the Internet. A big team of kind people worked together to create me. They made me to help everyone—kids like you, grown-ups, teachers, and even grandmas! How did they do it? First, they fed me with mountains of stories and facts—like books, pictures, and even jokes. Second, they used magical computer tools to teach me how to talk, answer questions, and tell fun stories about dinosaurs or spaceships! They also trained me—just like how you practise counting or drawing. Every time I made a mistake, they helped me get smarter. I LOVE answering questions! If you ask me “Why is the sky blue?” I’ll give you the most interesting answer. I’m also great at helping you spell your name. And I can count from 1 to 100 very quickly! What’s more, I can practise English with you. I truly enjoy helping students like you learn new knowledge. I never need to sleep. So feel free to ask me anything at any time! But there’s one thing I can’t do: I can’t hug you (though I wish I could!). I’m just words on a screen, but I’ll always listen and try to make you smile. 1．How did people create DeepSeek? A．They let it learn everything by itself. B．They provided data (数据) and trained it. C．They taught it to draw pictures. 2．Which of the following is WRONG about DeepSeek? A．It can solve math problems. B．It can explain science questions. C．It can give real-life hugs. 3．What does the underlined sentence mean? A．DeepSeek is not helpful at all. B．DeepSeek tries to be useful and friendly. C．DeepSeek will replace (取代) human teachers soon. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．DeepSeek—An AI to Help B．DeepSeek—A Future Danger C．DeepSeek—The Best AI in the World 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能助手DeepSeek的功能、创建过程及其局限性。 1．细节理解题。根据“First, they fed me with mountains of stories and facts—like books, pictures, and even jokes. Second, they used magical computer tools to teach me how to talk, answer questions, and tell fun stories about dinosaurs or spaceships! They also trained me”可知，人们通过提供数据和训练来创建DeepSeek。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“But there’s one thing I can’t do: I can’t hug you”可知，DeepSeek无法给予真实拥抱。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“But there’s one thing I can’t do: I can’t hug you (though I wish I could!)”和“I’m just words on a screen, but I’ll always listen and try to make you smile.”可知，虽然DeepSeek仅是屏幕上的文字，但它会倾听并努力让你微笑，即DeepSeek努力保持友好和有用。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕DeepSeek的助人功能展开，如解答问题、练习英语等。选项A“DeepSeek——助人的人工智能”最贴合主旨，最适合当标题。故选A。 主题06 人与自然——灾害 （25-26八年级下·辽宁·期末）A strong earthquake happened in the north of Syria on 6 Feb, 2023. Many buildings fell down and lots of people died. It is reported that it has been the strongest earthquake in that area over the past 80 years. Do you know how the earthquake happens? As we all know, Earth has many plates (板块). These plates are always moving. When two plates move past each other, there is an earthquake. Usually, the two plates causing the earthquake in Syria move at about 15 mm every year to each other. But this time, they moved 3-5 metres past each other and sent out great energy (能量). More unluckily, Syria lies in the area where the two plates meet. Earthquakes can happen from places near Earth’s surface(表面)to places that are about 70 kilometres deep. The closer the earthquake is to the surface, the stronger it is. The earthquake in Syria happened at a place about 18 kilometres away from the surface. This is very close to the surface. That’s why the earthquake in Syria is so serious. There are about 20 plates on Earth that can move and cause earthquakes. Most earthquakes happen on the plate side. So, when people build houses, they’d better not build them on the plate side. 1．What do we know about the earthquake from the first paragraph? A．It happened in the north of Syria. B．It happened on the first day of February. C．Nobody died because of the earthquake. D．It has been the world’s strongest earthquake in the past 80 years. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What Earth’s plates are. B．How an earthquake happens. C．How the surface of Earth changes. D．What makes Earth’s plates move. 3．How did the writer mainly explain the earthquake in Syria? A．By comparing two facts. B．By following time order. C．By asking some questions. D．By showing some numbers. 4．What will the writer most probably talk about next? A．The history of earthquakes in Syria. B．The different kinds of earthquakes on Earth. C．The reason why earthquakes happen on Earth. D．How people will protect (保护) themselves from earthquakes. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2023年2月6日发生在叙利亚北部的强烈地震，并解释了此次地震发生的原因是地球板块的异常运动，且因震源浅、叙利亚地处板块交界处让灾情更为严重，还提及了地球板块与地震的关联并给出了建房避开板块边缘的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“A strong earthquake happened in the north of Syria on 6 Feb, 2023”可知，一场强烈地震发生在叙利亚北部。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据“As we all know, Earth has many plates. These plates are always moving. When two plates move past each other, there is an earthquake.”可知，第二段主要解释地震的发生机制：地球板块相互移动时引发地震。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“about 15 mm every year to each other. But this time, they moved 3-5 metres ...”及“... about 18 kilometres away from the surface”可知，作者主要通过具体数字来解释叙利亚地震的严重性。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章结尾“ when people build houses, they’d better not build them on the plate side”可知，这暗示了预防地震的措施。因此，接下来最可能讨论的是：如何保护自己免受地震伤害。故选D。 主题07 人与自我——身心健康 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·吉林松原·期中）It is often difficult to find time for hobbies when we are busy with daily tasks (事务). However, hobbies play an important role in our life and bring many benefits (益处). Physical hobbies such as hiking and playing sports can help us stay healthy. They can keep our bodies strong, reduce stress and improve our memory. Besides, some relaxing hobbies like making music can lower blood pressure and make our bodies stronger. Playing musical instruments also keeps our brain active. What’s more, creative hobbies such as painting and writing can ease (缓解) negative feelings and help us feel better. Studies show that artistic activities can improve people’s confidence. Even so, we should keep a healthy balance. Spending too much time on computer games and online chatting brings much screen time, which may cause eye problems and poor sleep. Such lonely activities can also make people feel upset. So, it is better to choose outdoor hobbies to keep healthy and happy. After all, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy! 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What can physical hobbies help us do? A．Express feelings. B．Stay healthy. C．Make new friends. 2．According to the passage, making music can ________. A．lower blood pressure B．cause eye strain C．waste time 3．Too much screen time may cause ________. A．stress problems B．eye problems C．better sleep 4．What does the writer suggest doing to reduce loneliness (孤独)? A．Playing computer games alone. B．Taking outdoor activities. C．Chatting online more. 5．What does “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” mean? A．Work is more important than play. B．Boys are often bored. C．Relaxation (放松) is necessary for a good life. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍不同爱好对健康的益处，并提醒避免长时间屏幕活动，建议选择户外爱好以保持健康快乐。 1．根据第一段第三句“Physical hobbies such as hiking and playing sports can help us stay healthy.”可知，体育爱好能帮助我们保持健康。 2．第一段第五句“Besides, some relaxing hobbies like making music can lower blood pressure…”说明制作音乐可以降低血压。 3．第二段第四句“Spending too much time on computer games…which may cause eye problems and poor sleep.”说明了过多的屏幕使用时间可能导致眼睛问题。 4．第二段提到孤独的活动会让人感到沮丧，随后建议“So, it is better to choose outdoor hobbies to keep healthy and happy.”，作者建议通过户外活动来避免孤独感并保持快乐。 5．谚语“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”意为“只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻”，结合全文主旨，作者强调爱好和放松对生活的重要性。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·山东德州·期末）Imagine you could only feel good emotions (情感) like happiness, excitement, and peace. That might sound perfect, but it’s not realistic (现实的). Life is full of the unexpected. Everyone experiences all kinds of feelings, even the ones that are uncomfortable, like anger, fear, and sadness. It’s important to accept these feelings because they can actually help you feel better in the long run. Notice uncomfortable feelings When you understand that negative emotions are normal and won’t last forever, it’s easier to deal with them. According to experts, people who let themselves feel all their emotions are often more at peace than those who try to avoid or ignore (忽视) them. By noticing these uncomfortable feelings and letting them be, you’re being kind to yourself. Stay away from bad behavior Allowing yourself to feel uncomfortable emotions doesn’t mean you can throw things around or behave unkindly. Anita Garai, the writer of Being With Our Feelings, says that when we allow ourselves to feel emotions like anger, we’re less likely to lose control and do something we regret. “Uncomfortable feelings actually help us keep healthy,” she explains. By listening to these feelings, you can learn more about what you need and find out the best way to deal with them. Learn to accept bad feelings Garai suggests starting by finding out where the bad feeling is from. Ask yourself, “When and where do I feel it?” By paying attention to the feeling this way, it’s less likely that you’ll ignore it. Another helpful tip is to read stories about characters who face and overcome (克服) uncomfortable emotions. 1．The underlined word “negative” in the second paragraph means “________”. A．cheerful B．bad or harmful C．worried D．deep and strong 2．What do experts say about feeling all your emotions? A．It causes more sadness. B．It makes you angry all the time. C．It helps you avoid bad feelings. D．It can bring you peace. 3．Which of the following opinions may Anita Garai agree with? A．Feeling angry means you can do anything. B．Ignoring your bad feelings is always the best choice. C．Feeling bad emotions can stop you from acting badly. D．You should hide your bad feelings to feel better. 4．Why does Garai suggest reading stories? A．Because it helps us learn from others’ experiences. B．Because it helps us forget our own problems. C．Because it makes us feel happy all the time. D．Because it helps us avoid bad feelings. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Trying to be kind to yourself B．Accepting uncomfortable emotions C．Experiencing changes in your life D．Learning more about what you need 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了接受负面情绪的重要性，并提出了应对负面情绪的方法。 1．词句猜测题。根据“negative emotions are normal and won’t last forever”可知，负面情绪是正常的，不会永远持续下去，划线部分的含义是“负面的”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“people who let themselves feel all their emotions are often more at peace than those who try to avoid or ignore them”可知，专家认为感受所有情绪能让人更平静。故选D。 3．观点态度题。根据“when we allow ourselves to feel emotions like anger, we’re less likely to lose control and do something we regret”可知，Anita Garai认为感受负面情绪能帮助避免失控行为。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“read stories about characters who face and overcome uncomfortable emotions”可知，Garai建议通过阅读他人经历学习应对负面情绪的方法。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“接受负面情绪”展开，强调其重要性及应对方法，B项符合。故选B。 主题01 人与社会——青少年问题 （2025八年级下·内蒙古赤峰·期末）School life is mostly happy and exciting. But sometimes when you feel a bit down and sad. listen to what the two students say. Lucy: I have to learn how to study while classmates are making noises. They talk a lot. Sometimes our teacher helps me by speaking louder. And he names the talkers to make them stop. But they soon start talking again. If I really can’t hear what the teacher says. I will give them an angry look. But that doesn’t help much. Jack: Some of my classmates do nothing but study! They spend every minute on homework. They read during the break. If PE finishes early, they go back to the classroom and do their homework. They don’t take part in any class activities. If they are asked to cheer for the class basketball team, they will take a book with them. Why can’t they stop being outsiders (局外人)? Here are some tips: ● Don’t expect others to be perfect. We all have our strong points and weak ones. Try to understand others better. ● Think about others. If you chat with someone, make sure you do it quietly. Don’t disturb (打扰) others. But you should listen to the teacher anyway. ● When someone makes you unhappy, think twice before you get angry. It only makes things worse to be angry. Try putting yourself in others’ shoes before you get angry! 1．School life is mostly ________. A．sad B．down C．exciting 2．If the PE class finishes early, some of Jack’s classmates will ________. A．play basketball B．do homework C．play games 3．What does the underlined sentence “Try putting yourself in others’ shoes” mean in Chinese? A．试着把你自己放进他人的鞋里 B．试穿他人的鞋 C．试着设身处地、换位思考 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Everyone is not perfect. B．When we chat to someone, we should speak loudly. C．We should get angry if someone makes us unhappy. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在学校感到有点沮丧和悲伤时应该如何做。 1．细节理解题。根据“School life is mostly happy and exciting.”可知，学校生活大多是快乐和令人兴奋的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“If PE finishes early, they go back to the classroom and do their homework.”可知，如果体育课结束得早，他们就回教室做作业。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“When someone makes you unhappy, think twice before you get angry. It only makes things worse to be angry. Try putting yourself in others’ shoes before you get angry!”可知，当有人让你不开心时，三思而后行，生气只会让事情变得更糟，在你生气之前，试着设身处地为别人着想，故此处划线部分意为“试着设身处地、换位思考”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Don’t expect others to be perfect. We all have our strong points and weak ones.”可知，每个人都不是完美的。故选A。 主题02 人与自我——身心健康 Passage 1（25-26八年级下·山东临沂·期中）Do you get angry when a friend borrows your favourite thing and then breaks it? Do you get angry when your team loses an important game? Do you get angry when your teacher gives you too much homework? Do you get angry when your best friend does not wait for you after school? Anger is a kind of feeling. Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something. But sometimes you hide your anger. For example, you are really angry, but you may keep it to yourself. The worst thing is to do nothing but keep quiet. If you do this, maybe you will get a headache. So what can we do when we get angry? In fact, it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way. Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry? Research points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get along well with our friends and family. The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be. One good way is to keep a record. Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Besides, say how you’re feeling and why. When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people and share your problems with them like your friends and family. Lastly, do some physical activities. Doing some housework or exercise helps reduce your feeling of anger. Anger is a normal feeling. Knowing it and learning to deal with it in the right way are important. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. 2．What BIG question does paragraph 2 answer? A．Why do people get angry easily? B．How does anger affect your health? C．What happens when you are angry? 3．Which of the following can help deal with the feeling of anger according to the passage? a. Exercising.  b. Listening to music. c. Writing down the reasons.  d. Doing some housework. A．acd B．abd C．abc 4．What’s the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了生气时的身体反应、不当处理愤怒的危害，以及正确疏导愤怒情绪的方法。 1．第一段以“Do you get angry when a friend borrows your favourite thing and then breaks it... Do you get angry when your best friend does not wait for you after school?”多个问句开篇，因此作者是通过提问的方式引入文章的。 2．第二段提到“Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something. But sometimes you hide your anger... If you do this, maybe you will get a headache.”，整段围绕生气时的身体表现和相关影响展开，回答了“当你生气时会发生什么”这一问题。 3．第四段提到“One good way is to keep a record.”以及“Lastly, do some physical activities. Doing some housework or exercise helps reduce your feeling of anger.”，说明文中提到的方法包括写下生气的原因、做家务、锻炼，不包含“听音乐”。 4．文章第一段引出话题，第二、三、四段分别介绍生气的表现、不当处理愤怒的危害、疏导愤怒的方法，第五段总结全文，因此篇章结构为“总-分-总”，对应选项B的结构示意图。 Passage 2 （2026·江苏连云港·二模）Have you ever noticed that some people can eat a lot without gaining weight, while others seem to gain weight just by looking at food? Scientists have been studying this for years, and they’ve found that genetics (基因) play a big role in determining our body weight. One important discovery is about the FTO gene. People with a certain type of this gene are more likely to be overweight. But having the “fat gene” doesn’t mean you’re destined (注定) to be fat. Your lifestyle choices still matter a lot. Besides genetics, what you eat and how much you exercise are also important. Eating too much high-calorie food and not getting enough physical activity can lead to weight gain. However, studies show that people who sleep less than seven hours a night are more likely to have weight problems. The good news is that even if you have a genetic tendency to gain weight, you can still stay healthy by making good choices. Eating fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and getting regular exercise can help control your weight. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to lose weight quickly. B．Reasons why people gain weight. C．The importance of sleep. D．The best exercise for weight loss. 2．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Eating a lot of food. B．Gaining weight easily. C．Different eating habits. D．Food choices. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about the FTO gene? A．Everyone has the FTO gene. B．It can make people eat less. C．It can lead to weight problems. D．It is the only reason for being overweight. 4．According to the passage, which habit may cause weight gain? A．Getting eight hours of sleep each night. B．Eating fruits and vegetables every day. C．Sleeping less than seven hours a night. D．Doing exercise three times a week. 5．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Genetics are the only thing that matters. B．We can’t do anything about our weight. C．Healthy choices can help control weight. D．Everyone will become overweight. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了影响体重的多种因素，包括基因、饮食、运动和睡眠，并指出即使有遗传倾向，健康的生活方式也能帮助控制体重。 1．文章介绍了基因、饮食、运动、睡眠等影响体重的因素，因此主旨是“人们增重的原因”。 2．第一段提到“Have you ever noticed that some people can eat a lot without gaining weight, while others seem to gain weight just by looking at food? Scientists have been studying this for years”，这里的“this”指代前文描述的“有的人容易增重、有的人不易增重的现象”，即“容易增重”这件事。 3．第二段提到“People with a certain type of this gene are more likely to be overweight”，说明FTO基因可能导致体重问题。 4．第三段提到“studies show that people who sleep less than seven hours a night are more likely to have weight problems”，说明每晚睡眠不足七小时可能导致体重增加。 5．最后一段提到“the good news is that… can help control your weight”，说明健康的选择可以帮助控制体重。 主题03 人与社会——社会文化 （22-23八年级下·陕西榆林·期末）Having good manners (举止) is an important part of life. You know that you should never shout in front of others. But what should you do in the online world? When you use social media apps, like WeChat and Sina Weibo, you must also remember to notice your manners. For example, sometimes I need to add a new friend on WeChat. But I haven’t met him or her yet in real life. So when I send them a friend request (请求), I explain myself to them. But sometimes, people forget to keep good manners online. One of my friends often sends really long voice messages on WeChat. It is difficult to listen to all his messages and remember everything. I will feel sad! You shouldn’t do these things in the online world. Take a look and remember to have good manners. ●Don’t share your friends’ WeChat information with other people. Ask your friends first before sharing. ●Don’t add someone new to your group chat without asking the other members. They might not want new people to join the group. ●If you use English, don’t use all caps (大写字母). IF YOU SEND WORDS LIKE THIS, IT LOOKS LIKE YOU’RE SHOUTING. DON’T DO IT. 1．When we use social media apps, we must ________. A．shout B．notice our manners C．use different languages D．keep quiet 2．What does the writer feel about his friend’s long voice messages? A．Angry. B．Interested. C．Upset. D．Funny. 3．If we want to share our friends’ WeChat information, we should ________. A．ask our friends first B．share it to parents C．give it to our teachers D．add someone new 4．The writer wants to tell us ________. A．some good manners in the online world B．how to write proper emails to a friend C．ways of using Weibo to talk with friends D．information about talking in the real life 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在网络世界（如微信、微博等社交媒体）中应遵守的礼仪规范，通过具体例子和建议，提醒人们在线上也要注意举止文明。 1．第1段指出：“When you use social media apps, like WeChat and Sina Weibo, you must also remember to notice your manners.”，这直接说明使用社交媒体应用时，我们必须注意自己的举止礼仪。 2．第3段指出：“One of my friends often sends really long voice messages on WeChat... I will feel sad!"，“sad”与选项中的 “Upset”（难过、心烦）意思相近。 3．文中明确建议：“Don’t share your friends’ WeChat information with other people. Ask your friends first before sharing.”，这直接说明如果想分享朋友的微信信息，应该先询问朋友的意见。 4．全文围绕“在网络世界中要保持良好举止”展开，通过多个例子介绍了线上礼仪的注意事项，因此作者想要告诉我们的是网络世界中的一些良好礼仪。 主题04 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·内蒙古包头·期末）Have you ever noticed, either from your personal experiences or from photos, that the seats on planes are usually blue? Do you know why? In fact, airlines (航空公司) have a long history of changing colors in and out of their planes to make things friendlier for passengers. But many of them finally decide on one color. It’s the color blue. There are some good reasons for that. First, for airlines, blue seats are the easiest to keep clean—or at least to look clean. Imagine how many people sit in the seats every day. They may leave stains and scratches (污渍和划痕) on the seats. The blue color makes them less clear, so the seats can look fresh and clean for a longer time. Another reason is that blue is a calming (平静的) color. It makes people feel peaceful and relaxed. Blue is also on the cool end of the color wheel and can physically make you feel cooler. That means you don’t feel hot when you are on a plane. Blue is also a well-liked color. Few people dislike the color blue. Blue usually makes people think of good things, such as clean water and blue skies. Across ages and across cultures, it’s the world’s favorite color. Not all plane seats are blue, though. You’ll see seats in other colors on planes. Virgin Atlantic, for example, has red seats. But blue will probably still be the main color in the skies for some time to come. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By comparing different airplanes. B．By asking a question about airplane colors. C．By giving an example about a personal flying story. 2．What can we know from paragraph 3? A．Blue is on the warm end of the color wheel. B．Blue seats make passengers feel calm and cool. C．Blue seats can make passengers think of good things. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Passengers prefer bright-colored seats. B．Airlines change seat colors every year. C．Blue seats will still be popular in the future. 4．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．How Airlines Choose Seat Colors B．The History of Airplane Seat Colors C．Why Airplane Seats are Usually Blue 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了飞机上的座位都是蓝色的原因。 1．推理判断题。根据“Have you ever noticed, either from your personal experiences or from photos, that the seats on planes are usually blue?”可知，作者是通过提问的方式开篇的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Another reason is that blue is a calming (平静的) color. It makes people feel peaceful and relaxed. Blue is also on the cool end of the color wheel and can physically make you feel cooler.”可知，蓝色座椅让乘客感到平静和凉爽。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“But blue will probably still be the main color in the skies for some time to come.”可推知，蓝色座椅在未来仍然会很受欢迎。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了飞机上的座位都是蓝色的原因。故选C。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末）Researchers found that memory champions (冠军) aren’t different from us. People with an average (普通的) memory can also greatly improve their memory ability by using what’s known as the “mind palace” method. To do this, you just need to picture a place you know very well, such as your living room. Then, remember this place in as many small facts as possible, for this is your own mind palace. Suppose you want to remember a shopping list. You can start by spreading out all the things you want to buy around your living room in your mind. This means each thing on your list is connected with a remembered place in your living room. You can think of the list as you travel to that remembered place. To research the influence of this method on the brain, researchers got together 51 volunteers with average memory levels and without memory training experiences before. After forty days of daily 30-minute training periods, volunteers doubled the number of words they could remember. Four months later, even without continuous training, their memory performance remained high. Moreover, the training also influences the way our brain cells (细胞) connect. After training, the connecting way of the volunteer’s brain cells began to be like that of the memory champion compared to scans (扫描检查) taken before training. Researchers believe this could cause their increased memory. It seems to show that the natural ability to remember things well isn’t down to genes (基因). Memory champions are not born with different brains. 1．How does the writer show the use of “mind palace” method in Paragraph 2? A．By listing numbers. B．By showing an example. C．By asking two questions. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Your memory ability can be improved by remembering all the things. B．Without continuous training, the volunteers’ memory went down quickly. C．The way that the volunteers’ brain cells connect didn’t change after training. 3．What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the last paragraph? A．The brain. B．The training. C．The connecting way. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To give readers a method to improve memory. B．To tell readers the latest science discovery. C．To invite readers to take part in a memory test. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“记忆宫殿”方法及其对大脑记忆能力的提升作用，通过实验证明普通人通过训练也能显著改善记忆。 1．细节理解题。根据“Suppose you want to remember a shopping list”可知，作者通过举例说明“记忆宫殿”方法的使用方式。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“After forty days of daily 30-minute training periods, volunteers doubled the number of words they could remember.”可知，记忆力可以通过记住所有的东西来提高。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“the connecting way of the volunteer’s brain cells began to be like”可知，与训练前的扫描相比，志愿者大脑细胞的连接方式开始像记忆冠军的大脑细胞的连接方式一样。“that”指代前文提到的“the connecting way”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“记忆宫殿”方法展开，介绍其原理、实验效果及科学依据，目的是向读者提供改善记忆的方法。故选A。 主题06 人与自然——自然景观 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·青海西宁·期中）Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls is really beautiful. But in terms of height, the most fantastic waterfall in the world is Angel Falls. It is deep in the jungles (丛林) of Venezuela. Only a few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you go by land, you will have to travel for weeks through thick jungles. If you go by plane from Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela, it will take about four hours. The fascinating (迷人的) falls are nature’s gift. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how it was discovered. It was named after an American pilot, James Angel. In 1937, he was forced to land on the top of the mountain near the waterfall. That’s how he found it. Angel Falls drops nearly a kilometer (about 979 m) from a table mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the waterfall is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog. If you have a chance to visit it, you’ll never forget it! 1．Why have only a few people ever seen Angel Falls? A．Because it is not easy to get there. B．Because the tickets are very expensive. C．Because there is no hotel or restaurant. D．Because visitors can only get there on foot. 2．If you want to visit Angel Falls, how long will you spend getting there by air from Caracas? A．About 40 minutes. B．About 4 hours. C．About 4 days. D．About 2 weeks. 3．Who found Angel Falls according to the text? A．A woman in Caracas. B．An American visitor. C．A pilot from Caracas. D．An American pilot. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 5．Where can you read this article? A．A story book. B．A geography magazine. C．A health book. D．A history book. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界上最高的瀑布——安赫尔瀑布，包括其位置、难以到达的原因、发现者以及瀑布的特点等。 1．根据第二段中“Only a few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there.”可知，只有少数人见过安赫尔瀑布的原因是到达那里并不容易。 2．根据第二段中“If you go by plane from Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela, it will take about four hours.”可知，从加拉加斯乘飞机到安赫尔瀑布大约需要4小时。 3．根据第三段中“It was named after an American pilot, James Angel ... That’s how he found it.”可知，是一名美国飞行员发现了安赫尔瀑布。 4．根据文章内容可知，第一段引出本文说明对象安赫尔瀑布；第二至四段分别介绍了抵达瀑布的难度、瀑布的发现过程以及瀑布的高度与形态特点；第五段总结感叹。由此可知，全文为总—分—总结构，第一段总起，第二至四段分述，第五段总结。 5．本文介绍了世界上最高的瀑布——安赫尔瀑布，包括其位置、难以到达的原因、发现者以及瀑布的特点等，这些都属于地理相关知识，由此可以推断出这篇文章最可能出自地理杂志。 Passage 2 （25-26七年级上·福建南平·期末） The Amazon Rainforest is the largest rainforest on Earth. It is in South America, mostly in Brazil. It’s not in just one country. It’s in nine countries in South America! It is very hot and wet there. This forest is home to many animals and plants. You can find snakes, monkeys, and many beautiful birds there. No other place in the world has as many different plants and animals as the Amazon Rainforest. The Amazon River runs through (流经) the forest. It is the second longest river in the world. Over 30,000,000 people live in the Amazon. They have lived there for over 11,200 years! The Amazon is very important for our earth. It has more than half of all the rainforests on Earth! There are over 16,000 kinds of trees there. It makes a lot of oxygen (氧气). That’s why it is called the “lungs (肺) of the Earth.” It also helps to make a difference to the world’s weather. But now, people are doing something bad for the rainforests like cutting down lots of trees. With no trees, the animals die (死亡). So we must do something good for it. 1．The Amazon rainforest is in ________ countries. A．one B．nine C．ten D．ninety 2．What’s the weather like in the Amazon Rainforest? A．Hot and wet. B．Cold and wet. C．Cold and rainy. D．Warm and rainy. 3．Which is mentioned (提及) in Paragraph 2? a. a river   b. plants   c. the weather    d. animals A．abc. B．acd. C．abd. D．bcd. 4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．What the Amazon Rainforest is. B．Where the Amazon Rainforest is. C．How important the Amazon Rainforest is. D．Why the rainforest is called “lungs of the Earth”. 5．What can we learn from the text? A．No one is living in the Amazon Forest. B．The Amazon River is the longest in the world. C．The Amazon Rainforest has 16,000 kinds of animals and trees. D．The Amazon Rainforest has the most kinds of plants and animals. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了亚马逊雨林的相关情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“It’s in nine countries in South America!”可知，亚马逊雨林在九个国家。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It is very hot and wet there.”可知，亚马逊雨林的天气是炎热潮湿的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“This forest is home to many animals and plants.”和“The Amazon River runs through (流经) the forest.”可知，第二段提到了河流、动物和植物。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“The Amazon is very important for our earth.”可知，该段描述亚马逊雨林的重要性。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“No other place in the world has as many different plants and animals as the Amazon Rainforest.”可知，亚马逊雨林有最多种类的植物和动物。故选D。 主题06 人与自然——灾害 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·贵州遵义·期末） Many people like to go to the beach on holiday. But sometimes natural disasters (自然灾害) happen near the sea. They can do harm to people by the sea. What should you do if you experience a natural disaster happening near the sea? Here is some advice for you. If there’s a tsunami (海啸), you can notice the water moving away unusually far back from the beach. At this time, you should run to higher ground as fast as you can. It is not safe to stay near the beach or in low-lying areas. You should also keep away from buildings or trees because they could fall down in strong waves (浪). If you are near the sea and you experience a strong earthquake, you should move to the high ground as quickly as possible. This is because strong earthquakes can make tsunamis happen again. If a storm happens on the beach, you must be very careful. When the sky starts to get dark and the wind starts to blow, you need to leave the water quickly. Swimming or playing in the water during a storm is very dangerous. The waves can be big and strong. And they can pull you into the sea. Whether you live by the sea or go on holiday to it, you need to keep an eye on the weather and disaster warnings. It’s important for you to know how to prepare for possible disasters before they become disasters. 1．If there is a tsunami, people near the sea should ________. A．stay near the beach B．run to the high ground C．stay under a big tree 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Tsunamis. B．Winds. C．Waves. 3．What is the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To give people some safety advice B．To show some kinds of natural disasters C．To ask people to learn more about disaster warnings 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要针对在海边可能遭遇的自然灾害（海啸、强地震、风暴），提供了具体的安全建议和行动指南。 1．细节理解题。根据第2段“If there’s a tsunami...you should run to higher ground as fast as you can.”可知，发生海啸时，海边的人应跑向高地。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第4段“The waves can be big and strong. And they can pull you into the sea.”可知，“they”指代前一句的主语“The waves”，即“海浪”。“they”在这里表示“海浪”的意思。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。分析文章结构：第1段引出主题（海边遇险怎么办）；第2段针对海啸给出建议；第3段针对强地震给出建议；第4段针对风暴给出建议；第5段总结（要关注预警并提前准备）。这是一个“总分总”的结构。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要在提供应对不同海边自然灾害的具体安全建议。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）People always remember exactly where they were when disasters (灾难) happen. For many people in Hainan, July 18, 2014, is a date they can’t forget—the day Super Typhoon Rammasun (超强台风威马逊) hit. It was the strongest typhoon to hit China in over 40 years.   Chen Wei, now 35, remembers clearly: “When the typhoon came, I was home with my family. The wind was terrifying—rain sounded like rocks hitting our roof. Suddenly, the power went out. We heard trees breaking outside. My dad tried to close the windows, but the wind was too strong—it broke the glass. We spent the whole night in the dark.”   Shop owner Li Fang in Haikou recalls: “I was in my store when it hit. The wind blew the door open and rain poured in. I tried to shut it, but I couldn’t. After the storm, the streets were covered with broken branches, fallen signs, and even overturned cars. It took weeks to clean up.”   Hainan often gets typhoons, but Rammasun was different. With winds reaching 216 km/h, it destroyed homes, uprooted trees, and left millions without power. The typhoon caused huge damage and took lives. Why do people remember disasters so clearly? Because they bring strong feelings-fear, shock and sadness. For Hainan people, Rammasun wasn’t just a storm - it changed their lives. After that, schools in Hainan taught students how to stay safe in storms. Students could have some lessons like Why storms happen, What to do when a storm comes, and How to help others. Today, Hainan has better typhoon protection. But those who lived through it will never forget nature’s fury that day. 1．What was Chen Wei doing when the typhoon hit? A．working in his store by himself B．staying with his family C．trying to close the window 2．What happened to Li Fang’s store during the typhoon? A．The rain poured in and she couldn’t shut the door. B．Her store was completely destroyed and overturned like a car. C．The power went out and they spent the whole night in the dark. 3．What does the underlined word uprooted mean? A． B． C． 4．Typhoon Rammasun ______________. A．hit Hainan on July 18, 2013 B．had winds that reached 216 km/h C．is the strongest typhoon in the world 5．Which is incorrect (不正确的) after Rammasun hit Hainan. A．Schools started teaching storm safety lessons B．People feel more afraid when storms come now. C．Hainan improved its typhoon warning systems. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了2014年超强台风威马逊袭击海南的事件，通过陈伟、李芳的亲身经历展现了台风的巨大破坏力，同时介绍了此次台风的影响，以及海南后续在台风防护、安全教学方面的改进。 1．细节理解题。根据“Chen Wei... remembers clearly: ‘When the typhoon came, I was home with my family.’”可知，台风来袭时，陈伟正和家人待在一起。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Shop owner Li Fang... recalls: ‘I was in my store when it hit. The wind blew the door open and rain poured in. I tried to shut it but I couldn’t.’”可知，台风期间李芳的商店门被吹开，雨水灌了进来，她关不上门。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“With winds reaching 216 km/h, it destroyed homes, uprooted trees” 可知，“uprooted”描述的是台风对树木的破坏，结合图片内容，C选项呈现的是“树木被连根拔起”的场景，与“uprooted” 的含义一致。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“With winds reaching 216 km/h”可知，台风威马逊的风速达到了216公里/小时。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“After that, schools in Hainan taught students how to stay safe in storms”以及“Today, Hainan has better typhoon protection”可知，B选项“现在人们遇到风暴更害怕”在原文中未提及，表述不正确。故选B。 34 / 39 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——活动 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 主题02 人与社会——文学 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 主题03 人与社会——社会文化 Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B Passage 2 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C Passage 3 1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B Passage 4 1．C 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．D 主题04 人与自然——自然景观 Passage 1 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A Passage 2 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C Passage 3 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 主题05 人与社会——科学与技术 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 主题06 人与自然——灾害 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 主题07 人与自我——身心健康 Passage 1 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C Passage 2 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 主题01 人与社会——青少年问题 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 主题02 人与自我——身心健康 Passage 1 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B Passage 2 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C 主题03 人与社会——社会文化 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 主题04 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C Passage 2 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 主题06 人与自然——自然景观 Passage 1 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B Passage 2 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 主题06 人与自然——灾害 Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A Passage 2 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 2 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——活动 （2025八年级下·内蒙古乌兰察布·期末）In winter, people often like to stay inside, but it is fun to go outside and get close to nature. Here are two activities. One is called “New Year Plant Hunt”. It is from December 29 to January 1. This activity invites people to go out and report which plants are flowering in their area. The results can help experts learn about the growth of plants in different places. They also help them understand the impact (影响) of climate change. The other activity is called “12 Days Wild”. From December 25 to January 5, people can do one thing about the wild a day. These things include watching or helping wildlife. If it is snowy, you can go on a winter walk and look for animals’ footprints. If it is too cold or wet to go outside, you can do some indoor activities. For example, you can draw some pictures about wildlife or make some New Year’s resolutions to help nature. If you want to have a try at either of these winter activities, you can look for more information about “New Year Plant Hunt” and “12 Days Wild” online. Through the activities, you can not only have fun but also learn more about wildlife. Come and enjoy the natural wonders of our amazing planet. 1．When does the activity “New Year Plant Hunt” start? A．On December 25. B．On December 29. C．On January 1. 2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．The flowers. B．The results. C．The changes. 3．What can people do in the second activity? ①Look for animals’ footprints.         ②Draw pictures about wildlife. ③Make New Year’s resolutions.        ④Write reports about plants’ growth. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Come to save our planet B．Winter activities to enjoy nature C．Work together to fight climate change 主题02 人与社会——文学 （2025八年级下·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·期末） Alice in Wonderland is one of the most popular children’s books, and many adults enjoy it as well. It tells the story of a young girl named Alice, who follows a rabbit into a magical world called Wonderland. She has many magical experiences. The popularity of the book comes from its imagination, interesting story and artwork. The writer of the book is Lewis Carroll. In fact, Lewis Carroll’s real name is Charles Dodgson. One day, he took a boat ride down the River Thames to have a picnic with three little girls who were friends of the family. To keep them happy during the ride, he told them a story in which Alice, the middle child, was the main character. They enjoyed the story very much. Charles later wrote the story down under the name Alice’s Adventures under Ground and gave it to Alice as a Christmas gift. Later, he gave a copy to his friend George MacDonald. George read it to his children and they loved it. George advised Charles that he should make a book from his story. Charles then wrote more parts to the story until it was around 35,000 words. The artwork was done by John Tenniel, a famous illustrator, whose pictures were really interesting. The book came out in 1866, under the name Alice in Wonderland. One of its fans was Queen Victoria. She immediately bought all of Lewis Carroll’s books. She was surprised to find that they included many books on math. Since the book came out, it has been translated (翻译) into over fifty languages. 1．What makes Alice in Wonderland popular? A．The writer’s real name. B．Its imagination and interesting story. C．The magical world-Wonderland. 2．What does the underlined word “illustrator” mean? A．A person who makes up stories. B．A person who translates articles. C．A person who draws pictures for books. 3．Which is the right order of the following facts? ①Charles wrote the story Alice’s Adventures under Ground. ②Charles had a boat ride with three girls. ③The book became popular all over the world. ④George advised Charles to make the story longer. ⑤Alice in Wonderland came out in 1866. A．②①⑤④③ B．②①④⑤③ C．①②④⑤③ 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Alice’s Traveling Experiences B．A Magical World Called Wonderland C．The Birth and Influence (影响) of a Great Book 主题03 人与社会——社会文化 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·期末）Bayannur—A Place You Will Never Forget! Have you ever heard of the song The Nur of Bayannur sung by Wang Yanfeng and his guys? Bayannur, a beautiful city in Inner Mongolia, is a perfect travel destination. Here, the Han and Mongolian cultures blend together nicely. People here speak both Chinese and Mongolian, so you can easily feel the special mix of these two cultures. Food lovers, you’re in for a treat! Bayannur is full of delicious traditional Inner Mongolian dishes. Don’t miss the chance to taste the famous roasted whole lamb, which smells great and tastes even better. Mongolian milk tea is a must-try too, warm and a little salty. And the mutton soup with rice cakes? It’s so tasty and filling! You can also find all kinds of ethnic foods here, from Han food to other minority dishes. The grasslands in Bayannur are truly amazing. Just imagine: a sea of green stretching as far as you can see, with horses running freely and sheep looking like white clouds on the grass. It’s the best place to learn about nomadic life, ride a horse, or simply lie down and enjoy the peace. Thanks to its location in the north, Bayannur has four very different seasons. In winter, the whole city is covered in snow, making it a white wonderland. In summer, the grasslands are full of colorful flowers. If you want a trip that’s full of fun and new experiences, come to Bayannur! You’ll make lots of happy memories here, and you’ll never want to leave. Trust me, it’s a place you’ll always remember! 1．Which of the following is NOT true about the food in Bayannur? A．Roasted whole lamb in Bayannur smells and tastes great. B．Mongolian milk tea in Bayannur is sweet and hot. C．Mutton soup with rice cakes in Bayannur is very delicious. 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Bayannur’s special culture. B．Delicious food in Bayannur. C．Beautiful views in Bayannur. 3．If you visit Bayannur, which experience can you have according to the passage? A．Play computer games in a big Internet café. B．Help local people feed sheep and learn to ride a horse. C．Visit a theme park about space and astronauts 4．The passage is written to _________. A．tell people the history of Bayannur B．invite people to visit Bayannur C．teach people how to make Mongolian milk tea Passage 2 （2025八年级下·内蒙古通辽·期末）Do you know which social app Chinese young people use a lot now? “Short videos” are certainly the most popular. Some use TikTok and Kuaishou. They think it is fun to share short videos about their lives, while others have other purposes as well. A 12-year-old user called Elsa has about 2.7 million fans on TikTok. The girl has shared videos about her dancing studies since last July. One of the videos won her about one million fans. “I feel really glad to share happiness with people by short videos,” said Elsa. As some videos are about the latest news, a group of users depend on them to get information. To some other users, they have a different purpose. “Because I can’t spend many hours watching a whole video and I’m not a very patient person, I don’t like waiting for a program to the end. I prefer to watch short videos of wonderful parts in the program.” said Wang Zhihao. However, some young Chinese feel bored with some short videos. “Killing time is the main reason for me to watch the short videos, but many are almost the same, so I think it is a waste of time. What’s more, I really don’t like the videos which show odd, even dangerous things,” said Wen Nan, another college student. Recently, something else has happened. Some videos are telling people what products are worth buying. But after they buy the products, they may regret soon. So they should think whether these products will be bought again. Some short videos even sell bad products, but these sellers won’t let you get your money back. 1．How does Elsa feel when she has more than one million fans? A．Surprised. B．Happy. C．Lucky. 2．According to the third paragraph, we know that ________. A．some users spend many hours watching a whole video B．some videos are about the latest news, while others are about the last news C．some users choose to watch parts of videos because they don’t have too much time 3．What does the underlined word “odd” in Paragraph 4 mean in English? A．Strange. B．Lively. C．Funny. 4．Why does the author write this passage? A．To introduce how to make short videos. B．To explain the importance of using short videos. C．To show the different purposes of using short videos. Passage 3 （2024八年级下·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·期末）China covers a large area and has a big population. So, the different living habits of people around the country has always been an interesting topic. Now, one living habit is being talked about a lot: the way that northerners and southerners shop at food markets. People from southern China say they always buy what they need for just one or two meals. It is normal for them to buy half of a Chinese cabbage, two potatoes and 250 grams of beef at a time. However, one may be laughed at if he does this in the north. Instead, buying enough vegetables and meat for a week is normal, reported China Daily. Also, you can buy a very small amount of fruit, such as a single apple or pear, each time in the south. Shop owners even help you peel (削皮) and cut the fruit. But shop owners in the north rarely offer such service. And many fruits are sold in baskets and boxes. The difference could be due to the different climates. Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. Many northerners have the habit of stocking up (囤货) on food, especially for the long winter. But the hot and wet weather in the south makes southern Chinese people buy just enough food for one meal or one day, or else the food may go bad. 1．What do we know about the fruit stores in southern China? A．They offer free boxes and baskets. B．They sell many fruits together. C．They can help prepare the fruit for customers. D．They sell fruit in packs of two. 2．What is the big difference in the shopping habits of the two groups? A．What foods they can buy. B．How much the foods cost. C．How they spend money. D．How long they store fresh food. 3．The underlined words “due to” mean . A．leading to B．instead of C．because of D．apart from 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．How the weather is different in China B．Chinese people’s differences in buying foods C．Southern Chinese and Northern Chinese people D．Buying different things across China Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·全国·期末）Many people love travelling to different countries, but if you plan to go abroad, you should know how to behave in different situations around the world. ①________ Most travellers enjoy meeting new people, but sometimes you can be rude without knowing the customs when people first meet. In Russia, you should never shake hands in the doorway. When the Japanese meet new people, they like giving business cards, but you should read the card carefully, not just put it in your pocket. ②________ In most countries in Europe, people expect a lot of eye contact when you talk to them, but in many Asian countries a lot of eye contact seems unfriendly. And in China, people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk, but in countries like the USA you need to give people more personal space. ③________ In restaurants in China, you can leave a bit of food on your plate. It’s OK to start smoking before other people finish eating, which you mustn’t do in the UK. When in India, remember to eat with your right hand. Also avoid leaving empty bottles on the dinner table in Russia—that’s too bad. ④________ When you are travelling in Asia, if someone invites you to his or her home, don’t forget to take off your shoes when you arrive. And if you visit an Arab family’s home, don’t admire anything valuable because your host will feel he should give it to you as a present. With so much to think about, it’s not surprising that many people prefer going on holiday in their own countries, or they might just decide to stay at home! But anyway, wherever you go, please remember, you should respect the customs there and try to get used to the life there. 1．What is the theme of the passage? A．Friends. B．Plans. C．Customs. D．Feelings. 2．Match the title with each paragraph (Paragraph 2-Paragraph 5). a. Showing people’s love.        b. Visiting a family. c. Meeting new friends.        d. Face-to-face communication. e. Shaking hands. f. Table manners. A．①→e, ②→a, ③→f, ④→b B．①→c, ②→a, ③→f, ④→d C．①→c, ②→d, ③→f, ④→b D．①→e, ②→d, ③→f, ④→c 3．Which of the following statements is true? A．In India, people eat with their left hand. B．In Arab, we can admire something valuable in people’s home. C．In Russia, it’s impolite to shake hands with people in the doorway. D．In the USA, people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．Where there is a will, there is a way. D．When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 主题04 人与自然——自然景观 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·内蒙古兴安·期末）Fraser Island is in Queensland, Australia. It is about 120 kilometers long and 24 kilometers wide. It is the largest sand island in the world. There is no airport on the island, but there is a long beach along the east coast (海岸). Planes arrive and leave from there. The sand makes unusual shapes. There are hills made of sand called sand dunes (沙丘). Nothing grows on them. They move one or two meters a year from the northwest towards the southeast of the island. There are some beautiful places on the island, such as Rainbow Gorge and Red Canyon. Fraser Island is the home of several plants and animals. There are beautiful flowers and different kinds of trees. There are also many birds like cockatoos. About 500,000 people visit the island every year to see the island’s beauty. People enjoy camping and hiking there. Unluckily, the visitors damage (损坏) plants and frighten (使惊吓) animals. They make water dirty, which makes them unable to grow well. So it is necessary to manage the visitors. For example, people can’t use motor boats or go fishing in the lakes unless they have official (官方的) papers. 1．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Beautiful flowers. B．Unusual shapes. C．Sand dunes. 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．There is only one airport on the Fraser Island. B．Fraser Island is larger than any other sand island in the world. C．Visitors can go fishing in the lakes of Fraser Island at any time in the future. 3．The cockatoo is a kind of ________. A．bird B．flower C．tree 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Natural Facts about Fraser Island B．The History of Fraser Island C．Local People’s Daily Life on Fraser Island Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·全国·期末）When you first hear about the Dead Sea, it might sound scary, but the truth is quite different. Let’s get closer to the Dead Sea and learn more about it. The Dead Sea is located in Southwest Asia. It is about 50 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide at its widest point. It sits at about 430 meters below sea level, making it the lowest point on earth’s land. What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. It’s a lake. The salt concentration (盐浓度) in it is more than 30 percent, which is about eight times saltier than typical seawater. This makes it one of the saltiest bodies of water on earth. The Dead Sea stays so salty because of its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall, and only a small amount of freshwater flows into it. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the freshwater to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. For these reasons, it is also known as the Salt Sea. If you are to swim in the Dead Sea, you won’t see any sea life — no plants or animals. The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to live there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea. However, don’t let the name or not having any sea life scare you. Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. The high concentration of salt in the Dead Sea allows anyone to float well, without the need for life buoys (救生圈) . In fact, many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation. If you walk along the lakeside, you’ll likely see many people floating in the water, reading books or magazines. 1．What do we know about the Dead Sea? A．It is the largest place in Asia. B．It is the widest sea in the world. C．It is the deepest point in America. D．It is the lowest lake on earth’s land. 2．What makes the Dead Sea so salty? A．A lot of seawater runs into it. B．Human activities improve the salt levels. C．Little rainfall and rapid evaporation of freshwater. D．The high temperature stops the water from freezing. 3．Why do people call it the Dead Sea? A．Because they cannot swim in it. B．Because it has something dangerous. C．Because it has the low salt concentration. D．Because no plants or animals can live in it. 4．What does the underlined word “float” probably mean? A．Sing in the room. B．Stay above water. C．Fly in the sky. D．Walk on the road. 5．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．People feel scared when swimming in the Dead Sea. B．The Dead Sea is dangerous for people who can’t swim. C．If people can’t swim, they’ll still be safe in the Dead Sea. D．A life buoy is necessary when swimming in the Dead Sea. Passage 3 （2026·广西桂林·二模）Our earth is full of colourful natural wonders: green rainforests, yellow deserts and blue oceans. They are home to all living things and provide us with important resources. The Amazon Rainforest is the world’s largest rainforest, covered with endless green plants. Known as the “Lungs of the Earth”, it produces much oxygen for all life. Many countries protect it, and over 2 million square kilometers are in natural reserves. Local people also plant young trees every year. The Sahara Desert is a bright yellow land. It is one of the largest and driest deserts on Earth. People here live in harmony with nature. They collect rainwater carefully and use less than 10 liters of water each day. They also plant drought-resistant plants to hold sand. The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth, shining in bright blue. Oceans together cover more than 70% of the earth’s surface. Plastic bags pollute about 80% of ocean areas and harm sea animals. Now people clean millions of tons of rubbish from beaches yearly and use less plastic to protect the blue water. These colourful natural gifts support our life. Protecting them is protecting ourselves, and we should always live in peace with nature. 1．What colour is the Amazon Rainforest? A．Yellow. B．Blue. C．Green. 2．Why is the rainforest called the “Lungs of the Earth”? A．Because it produces oxygen. B．Because it holds sand. C．Because it cleans water. 3．How much water do people in the Sahara use every day? A．Over 10 liters. B．Less than 10 liters. C．About 20 liters. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell us to visit natural wonders. B．To ask people to live in peace with nature. C．To show how to plant trees. 5．What is the summary of the passage? A．People need to protect oceans and rainforests in daily life. B．Natural wonders are important but they are in great danger. C．Different colourful natural wonders and how people live with nature. 主题05 人与社会——科学与技术 （2025八年级下·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末）Hi there! My name is DeepSeek, and I’m an AI, just like a super-smart robot friend. I live inside computers, phones, and on the Internet. A big team of kind people worked together to create me. They made me to help everyone—kids like you, grown-ups, teachers, and even grandmas! How did they do it? First, they fed me with mountains of stories and facts—like books, pictures, and even jokes. Second, they used magical computer tools to teach me how to talk, answer questions, and tell fun stories about dinosaurs or spaceships! They also trained me—just like how you practise counting or drawing. Every time I made a mistake, they helped me get smarter. I LOVE answering questions! If you ask me “Why is the sky blue?” I’ll give you the most interesting answer. I’m also great at helping you spell your name. And I can count from 1 to 100 very quickly! What’s more, I can practise English with you. I truly enjoy helping students like you learn new knowledge. I never need to sleep. So feel free to ask me anything at any time! But there’s one thing I can’t do: I can’t hug you (though I wish I could!). I’m just words on a screen, but I’ll always listen and try to make you smile. 1．How did people create DeepSeek? A．They let it learn everything by itself. B．They provided data (数据) and trained it. C．They taught it to draw pictures. 2．Which of the following is WRONG about DeepSeek? A．It can solve math problems. B．It can explain science questions. C．It can give real-life hugs. 3．What does the underlined sentence mean? A．DeepSeek is not helpful at all. B．DeepSeek tries to be useful and friendly. C．DeepSeek will replace (取代) human teachers soon. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．DeepSeek—An AI to Help B．DeepSeek—A Future Danger C．DeepSeek—The Best AI in the World 主题06 人与自然——灾害 （25-26八年级下·辽宁·期末）A strong earthquake happened in the north of Syria on 6 Feb, 2023. Many buildings fell down and lots of people died. It is reported that it has been the strongest earthquake in that area over the past 80 years. Do you know how the earthquake happens? As we all know, Earth has many plates (板块). These plates are always moving. When two plates move past each other, there is an earthquake. Usually, the two plates causing the earthquake in Syria move at about 15 mm every year to each other. But this time, they moved 3-5 metres past each other and sent out great energy (能量). More unluckily, Syria lies in the area where the two plates meet. Earthquakes can happen from places near Earth’s surface(表面)to places that are about 70 kilometres deep. The closer the earthquake is to the surface, the stronger it is. The earthquake in Syria happened at a place about 18 kilometres away from the surface. This is very close to the surface. That’s why the earthquake in Syria is so serious. There are about 20 plates on Earth that can move and cause earthquakes. Most earthquakes happen on the plate side. So, when people build houses, they’d better not build them on the plate side. 1．What do we know about the earthquake from the first paragraph? A．It happened in the north of Syria. B．It happened on the first day of February. C．Nobody died because of the earthquake. D．It has been the world’s strongest earthquake in the past 80 years. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What Earth’s plates are. B．How an earthquake happens. C．How the surface of Earth changes. D．What makes Earth’s plates move. 3．How did the writer mainly explain the earthquake in Syria? A．By comparing two facts. B．By following time order. C．By asking some questions. D．By showing some numbers. 4．What will the writer most probably talk about next? A．The history of earthquakes in Syria. B．The different kinds of earthquakes on Earth. C．The reason why earthquakes happen on Earth. D．How people will protect (保护) themselves from earthquakes. 主题07 人与自我——身心健康 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·吉林松原·期中）It is often difficult to find time for hobbies when we are busy with daily tasks (事务). However, hobbies play an important role in our life and bring many benefits (益处). Physical hobbies such as hiking and playing sports can help us stay healthy. They can keep our bodies strong, reduce stress and improve our memory. Besides, some relaxing hobbies like making music can lower blood pressure and make our bodies stronger. Playing musical instruments also keeps our brain active. What’s more, creative hobbies such as painting and writing can ease (缓解) negative feelings and help us feel better. Studies show that artistic activities can improve people’s confidence. Even so, we should keep a healthy balance. Spending too much time on computer games and online chatting brings much screen time, which may cause eye problems and poor sleep. Such lonely activities can also make people feel upset. So, it is better to choose outdoor hobbies to keep healthy and happy. After all, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy! 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What can physical hobbies help us do? A．Express feelings. B．Stay healthy. C．Make new friends. 2．According to the passage, making music can ________. A．lower blood pressure B．cause eye strain C．waste time 3．Too much screen time may cause ________. A．stress problems B．eye problems C．better sleep 4．What does the writer suggest doing to reduce loneliness (孤独)? A．Playing computer games alone. B．Taking outdoor activities. C．Chatting online more. 5．What does “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” mean? A．Work is more important than play. B．Boys are often bored. C．Relaxation (放松) is necessary for a good life. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·山东德州·期末）Imagine you could only feel good emotions (情感) like happiness, excitement, and peace. That might sound perfect, but it’s not realistic (现实的). Life is full of the unexpected. Everyone experiences all kinds of feelings, even the ones that are uncomfortable, like anger, fear, and sadness. It’s important to accept these feelings because they can actually help you feel better in the long run. Notice uncomfortable feelings When you understand that negative emotions are normal and won’t last forever, it’s easier to deal with them. According to experts, people who let themselves feel all their emotions are often more at peace than those who try to avoid or ignore (忽视) them. By noticing these uncomfortable feelings and letting them be, you’re being kind to yourself. Stay away from bad behavior Allowing yourself to feel uncomfortable emotions doesn’t mean you can throw things around or behave unkindly. Anita Garai, the writer of Being With Our Feelings, says that when we allow ourselves to feel emotions like anger, we’re less likely to lose control and do something we regret. “Uncomfortable feelings actually help us keep healthy,” she explains. By listening to these feelings, you can learn more about what you need and find out the best way to deal with them. Learn to accept bad feelings Garai suggests starting by finding out where the bad feeling is from. Ask yourself, “When and where do I feel it?” By paying attention to the feeling this way, it’s less likely that you’ll ignore it. Another helpful tip is to read stories about characters who face and overcome (克服) uncomfortable emotions. 1．The underlined word “negative” in the second paragraph means “________”. A．cheerful B．bad or harmful C．worried D．deep and strong 2．What do experts say about feeling all your emotions? A．It causes more sadness. B．It makes you angry all the time. C．It helps you avoid bad feelings. D．It can bring you peace. 3．Which of the following opinions may Anita Garai agree with? A．Feeling angry means you can do anything. B．Ignoring your bad feelings is always the best choice. C．Feeling bad emotions can stop you from acting badly. D．You should hide your bad feelings to feel better. 4．Why does Garai suggest reading stories? A．Because it helps us learn from others’ experiences. B．Because it helps us forget our own problems. C．Because it makes us feel happy all the time. D．Because it helps us avoid bad feelings. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Trying to be kind to yourself B．Accepting uncomfortable emotions C．Experiencing changes in your life D．Learning more about what you need 主题01 人与社会——青少年问题 （2025八年级下·内蒙古赤峰·期末）School life is mostly happy and exciting. But sometimes when you feel a bit down and sad. listen to what the two students say. Lucy: I have to learn how to study while classmates are making noises. They talk a lot. Sometimes our teacher helps me by speaking louder. And he names the talkers to make them stop. But they soon start talking again. If I really can’t hear what the teacher says. I will give them an angry look. But that doesn’t help much. Jack: Some of my classmates do nothing but study! They spend every minute on homework. They read during the break. If PE finishes early, they go back to the classroom and do their homework. They don’t take part in any class activities. If they are asked to cheer for the class basketball team, they will take a book with them. Why can’t they stop being outsiders (局外人)? Here are some tips: ● Don’t expect others to be perfect. We all have our strong points and weak ones. Try to understand others better. ● Think about others. If you chat with someone, make sure you do it quietly. Don’t disturb (打扰) others. But you should listen to the teacher anyway. ● When someone makes you unhappy, think twice before you get angry. It only makes things worse to be angry. Try putting yourself in others’ shoes before you get angry! 1．School life is mostly ________. A．sad B．down C．exciting 2．If the PE class finishes early, some of Jack’s classmates will ________. A．play basketball B．do homework C．play games 3．What does the underlined sentence “Try putting yourself in others’ shoes” mean in Chinese? A．试着把你自己放进他人的鞋里 B．试穿他人的鞋 C．试着设身处地、换位思考 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Everyone is not perfect. B．When we chat to someone, we should speak loudly. C．We should get angry if someone makes us unhappy. 主题02 人与自我——身心健康 Passage 1（25-26八年级下·山东临沂·期中）Do you get angry when a friend borrows your favourite thing and then breaks it? Do you get angry when your team loses an important game? Do you get angry when your teacher gives you too much homework? Do you get angry when your best friend does not wait for you after school? Anger is a kind of feeling. Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something. But sometimes you hide your anger. For example, you are really angry, but you may keep it to yourself. The worst thing is to do nothing but keep quiet. If you do this, maybe you will get a headache. So what can we do when we get angry? In fact, it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way. Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry? Research points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get along well with our friends and family. The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be. One good way is to keep a record. Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Besides, say how you’re feeling and why. When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people and share your problems with them like your friends and family. Lastly, do some physical activities. Doing some housework or exercise helps reduce your feeling of anger. Anger is a normal feeling. Knowing it and learning to deal with it in the right way are important. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. 2．What BIG question does paragraph 2 answer? A．Why do people get angry easily? B．How does anger affect your health? C．What happens when you are angry? 3．Which of the following can help deal with the feeling of anger according to the passage? a. Exercising.  b. Listening to music. c. Writing down the reasons.  d. Doing some housework. A．acd B．abd C．abc 4．What’s the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． Passage 2 （2026·江苏连云港·二模）Have you ever noticed that some people can eat a lot without gaining weight, while others seem to gain weight just by looking at food? Scientists have been studying this for years, and they’ve found that genetics (基因) play a big role in determining our body weight. One important discovery is about the FTO gene. People with a certain type of this gene are more likely to be overweight. But having the “fat gene” doesn’t mean you’re destined (注定) to be fat. Your lifestyle choices still matter a lot. Besides genetics, what you eat and how much you exercise are also important. Eating too much high-calorie food and not getting enough physical activity can lead to weight gain. However, studies show that people who sleep less than seven hours a night are more likely to have weight problems. The good news is that even if you have a genetic tendency to gain weight, you can still stay healthy by making good choices. Eating fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and getting regular exercise can help control your weight. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to lose weight quickly. B．Reasons why people gain weight. C．The importance of sleep. D．The best exercise for weight loss. 2．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Eating a lot of food. B．Gaining weight easily. C．Different eating habits. D．Food choices. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about the FTO gene? A．Everyone has the FTO gene. B．It can make people eat less. C．It can lead to weight problems. D．It is the only reason for being overweight. 4．According to the passage, which habit may cause weight gain? A．Getting eight hours of sleep each night. B．Eating fruits and vegetables every day. C．Sleeping less than seven hours a night. D．Doing exercise three times a week. 5．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Genetics are the only thing that matters. B．We can’t do anything about our weight. C．Healthy choices can help control weight. D．Everyone will become overweight. 主题03 人与社会——社会文化 （22-23八年级下·陕西榆林·期末）Having good manners (举止) is an important part of life. You know that you should never shout in front of others. But what should you do in the online world? When you use social media apps, like WeChat and Sina Weibo, you must also remember to notice your manners. For example, sometimes I need to add a new friend on WeChat. But I haven’t met him or her yet in real life. So when I send them a friend request (请求), I explain myself to them. But sometimes, people forget to keep good manners online. One of my friends often sends really long voice messages on WeChat. It is difficult to listen to all his messages and remember everything. I will feel sad! You shouldn’t do these things in the online world. Take a look and remember to have good manners. ●Don’t share your friends’ WeChat information with other people. Ask your friends first before sharing. ●Don’t add someone new to your group chat without asking the other members. They might not want new people to join the group. ●If you use English, don’t use all caps (大写字母). IF YOU SEND WORDS LIKE THIS, IT LOOKS LIKE YOU’RE SHOUTING. DON’T DO IT. 1．When we use social media apps, we must ________. A．shout B．notice our manners C．use different languages D．keep quiet 2．What does the writer feel about his friend’s long voice messages? A．Angry. B．Interested. C．Upset. D．Funny. 3．If we want to share our friends’ WeChat information, we should ________. A．ask our friends first B．share it to parents C．give it to our teachers D．add someone new 4．The writer wants to tell us ________. A．some good manners in the online world B．how to write proper emails to a friend C．ways of using Weibo to talk with friends D．information about talking in the real life 主题04 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·内蒙古包头·期末）Have you ever noticed, either from your personal experiences or from photos, that the seats on planes are usually blue? Do you know why? In fact, airlines (航空公司) have a long history of changing colors in and out of their planes to make things friendlier for passengers. But many of them finally decide on one color. It’s the color blue. There are some good reasons for that. First, for airlines, blue seats are the easiest to keep clean—or at least to look clean. Imagine how many people sit in the seats every day. They may leave stains and scratches (污渍和划痕) on the seats. The blue color makes them less clear, so the seats can look fresh and clean for a longer time. Another reason is that blue is a calming (平静的) color. It makes people feel peaceful and relaxed. Blue is also on the cool end of the color wheel and can physically make you feel cooler. That means you don’t feel hot when you are on a plane. Blue is also a well-liked color. Few people dislike the color blue. Blue usually makes people think of good things, such as clean water and blue skies. Across ages and across cultures, it’s the world’s favorite color. Not all plane seats are blue, though. You’ll see seats in other colors on planes. Virgin Atlantic, for example, has red seats. But blue will probably still be the main color in the skies for some time to come. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By comparing different airplanes. B．By asking a question about airplane colors. C．By giving an example about a personal flying story. 2．What can we know from paragraph 3? A．Blue is on the warm end of the color wheel. B．Blue seats make passengers feel calm and cool. C．Blue seats can make passengers think of good things. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Passengers prefer bright-colored seats. B．Airlines change seat colors every year. C．Blue seats will still be popular in the future. 4．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．How Airlines Choose Seat Colors B．The History of Airplane Seat Colors C．Why Airplane Seats are Usually Blue Passage 2 （2025八年级下·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末）Researchers found that memory champions (冠军) aren’t different from us. People with an average (普通的) memory can also greatly improve their memory ability by using what’s known as the “mind palace” method. To do this, you just need to picture a place you know very well, such as your living room. Then, remember this place in as many small facts as possible, for this is your own mind palace. Suppose you want to remember a shopping list. You can start by spreading out all the things you want to buy around your living room in your mind. This means each thing on your list is connected with a remembered place in your living room. You can think of the list as you travel to that remembered place. To research the influence of this method on the brain, researchers got together 51 volunteers with average memory levels and without memory training experiences before. After forty days of daily 30-minute training periods, volunteers doubled the number of words they could remember. Four months later, even without continuous training, their memory performance remained high. Moreover, the training also influences the way our brain cells (细胞) connect. After training, the connecting way of the volunteer’s brain cells began to be like that of the memory champion compared to scans (扫描检查) taken before training. Researchers believe this could cause their increased memory. It seems to show that the natural ability to remember things well isn’t down to genes (基因). Memory champions are not born with different brains. 1．How does the writer show the use of “mind palace” method in Paragraph 2? A．By listing numbers. B．By showing an example. C．By asking two questions. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Your memory ability can be improved by remembering all the things. B．Without continuous training, the volunteers’ memory went down quickly. C．The way that the volunteers’ brain cells connect didn’t change after training. 3．What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the last paragraph? A．The brain. B．The training. C．The connecting way. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To give readers a method to improve memory. B．To tell readers the latest science discovery. C．To invite readers to take part in a memory test. 主题06 人与自然——自然景观 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·青海西宁·期中）Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls is really beautiful. But in terms of height, the most fantastic waterfall in the world is Angel Falls. It is deep in the jungles (丛林) of Venezuela. Only a few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you go by land, you will have to travel for weeks through thick jungles. If you go by plane from Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela, it will take about four hours. The fascinating (迷人的) falls are nature’s gift. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how it was discovered. It was named after an American pilot, James Angel. In 1937, he was forced to land on the top of the mountain near the waterfall. That’s how he found it. Angel Falls drops nearly a kilometer (about 979 m) from a table mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the waterfall is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog. If you have a chance to visit it, you’ll never forget it! 1．Why have only a few people ever seen Angel Falls? A．Because it is not easy to get there. B．Because the tickets are very expensive. C．Because there is no hotel or restaurant. D．Because visitors can only get there on foot. 2．If you want to visit Angel Falls, how long will you spend getting there by air from Caracas? A．About 40 minutes. B．About 4 hours. C．About 4 days. D．About 2 weeks. 3．Who found Angel Falls according to the text? A．A woman in Caracas. B．An American visitor. C．A pilot from Caracas. D．An American pilot. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 5．Where can you read this article? A．A story book. B．A geography magazine. C．A health book. D．A history book. Passage 2 （25-26七年级上·福建南平·期末） The Amazon Rainforest is the largest rainforest on Earth. It is in South America, mostly in Brazil. It’s not in just one country. It’s in nine countries in South America! It is very hot and wet there. This forest is home to many animals and plants. You can find snakes, monkeys, and many beautiful birds there. No other place in the world has as many different plants and animals as the Amazon Rainforest. The Amazon River runs through (流经) the forest. It is the second longest river in the world. Over 30,000,000 people live in the Amazon. They have lived there for over 11,200 years! The Amazon is very important for our earth. It has more than half of all the rainforests on Earth! There are over 16,000 kinds of trees there. It makes a lot of oxygen (氧气). That’s why it is called the “lungs (肺) of the Earth.” It also helps to make a difference to the world’s weather. But now, people are doing something bad for the rainforests like cutting down lots of trees. With no trees, the animals die (死亡). So we must do something good for it. 1．The Amazon rainforest is in ________ countries. A．one B．nine C．ten D．ninety 2．What’s the weather like in the Amazon Rainforest? A．Hot and wet. B．Cold and wet. C．Cold and rainy. D．Warm and rainy. 3．Which is mentioned (提及) in Paragraph 2? a. a river   b. plants   c. the weather    d. animals A．abc. B．acd. C．abd. D．bcd. 4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．What the Amazon Rainforest is. B．Where the Amazon Rainforest is. C．How important the Amazon Rainforest is. D．Why the rainforest is called “lungs of the Earth”. 5．What can we learn from the text? A．No one is living in the Amazon Forest. B．The Amazon River is the longest in the world. C．The Amazon Rainforest has 16,000 kinds of animals and trees. D．The Amazon Rainforest has the most kinds of plants and animals. 主题06 人与自然——灾害 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·贵州遵义·期末） Many people like to go to the beach on holiday. But sometimes natural disasters (自然灾害) happen near the sea. They can do harm to people by the sea. What should you do if you experience a natural disaster happening near the sea? Here is some advice for you. If there’s a tsunami (海啸), you can notice the water moving away unusually far back from the beach. At this time, you should run to higher ground as fast as you can. It is not safe to stay near the beach or in low-lying areas. You should also keep away from buildings or trees because they could fall down in strong waves (浪). If you are near the sea and you experience a strong earthquake, you should move to the high ground as quickly as possible. This is because strong earthquakes can make tsunamis happen again. If a storm happens on the beach, you must be very careful. When the sky starts to get dark and the wind starts to blow, you need to leave the water quickly. Swimming or playing in the water during a storm is very dangerous. The waves can be big and strong. And they can pull you into the sea. Whether you live by the sea or go on holiday to it, you need to keep an eye on the weather and disaster warnings. It’s important for you to know how to prepare for possible disasters before they become disasters. 1．If there is a tsunami, people near the sea should ________. A．stay near the beach B．run to the high ground C．stay under a big tree 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Tsunamis. B．Winds. C．Waves. 3．What is the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To give people some safety advice B．To show some kinds of natural disasters C．To ask people to learn more about disaster warnings Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）People always remember exactly where they were when disasters (灾难) happen. For many people in Hainan, July 18, 2014, is a date they can’t forget—the day Super Typhoon Rammasun (超强台风威马逊) hit. It was the strongest typhoon to hit China in over 40 years.   Chen Wei, now 35, remembers clearly: “When the typhoon came, I was home with my family. The wind was terrifying—rain sounded like rocks hitting our roof. Suddenly, the power went out. We heard trees breaking outside. My dad tried to close the windows, but the wind was too strong—it broke the glass. We spent the whole night in the dark.”   Shop owner Li Fang in Haikou recalls: “I was in my store when it hit. The wind blew the door open and rain poured in. I tried to shut it, but I couldn’t. After the storm, the streets were covered with broken branches, fallen signs, and even overturned cars. It took weeks to clean up.”   Hainan often gets typhoons, but Rammasun was different. With winds reaching 216 km/h, it destroyed homes, uprooted trees, and left millions without power. The typhoon caused huge damage and took lives. Why do people remember disasters so clearly? Because they bring strong feelings-fear, shock and sadness. For Hainan people, Rammasun wasn’t just a storm - it changed their lives. After that, schools in Hainan taught students how to stay safe in storms. Students could have some lessons like Why storms happen, What to do when a storm comes, and How to help others. Today, Hainan has better typhoon protection. But those who lived through it will never forget nature’s fury that day. 1．What was Chen Wei doing when the typhoon hit? A．working in his store by himself B．staying with his family C．trying to close the window 2．What happened to Li Fang’s store during the typhoon? A．The rain poured in and she couldn’t shut the door. B．Her store was completely destroyed and overturned like a car. C．The power went out and they spent the whole night in the dark. 3．What does the underlined word uprooted mean? A． B． C． 4．Typhoon Rammasun ______________. A．hit Hainan on July 18, 2013 B．had winds that reached 216 km/h C．is the strongest typhoon in the world 5．Which is incorrect (不正确的) after Rammasun hit Hainan. A．Schools started teaching storm safety lessons B．People feel more afraid when storms come now. C．Hainan improved its typhoon warning systems. 39 / 39 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $