专题4 微专题——五招巧破长难句-【红对勾讲与练】2026年高考英语二轮复习讲义

知识胶囊 ■■■语料积累 难句分析·[原句]第三段第二句。 [分析]本句为主从复合句。until/till it reaches the“hard-crack stage”为unti/till引导的时间状语从句；at which point.为定语从句，修饰先行词“hard-crack stage”,其中when cooled是时间状语从句的省略，其完整形式为when it is cooled;signaling readiness是现在分词作状语。 [翻译]按2：1的比例混合的糖和水被加热至“硬脆阶段”，此时，一滴糖浆冷却后会硬化成易碎的玻璃状，这标志着 准备好了。 B and Paris.Using technology as a medium,the (2025·湖南新高考教学教研联盟二模) documentary Chiabodo promotes not only The Beijing Central Axis(轴)，a UNESCO introduces a more authentic China 7 the world World Heritage Site,runs north to south through but also enables more people to gain a deeper the heart of Beijing.It bears witness to the city's understanding of France. evolution and exhibits evidence of urban 1 Actually,Chiabodo's connection with China (plan)traditions of China.The location,layout, began in 1985.For him,China preserves its roads and design showcase the ideal capital city as historical sites well."I have been interested in 2 document)in an ancient text,Book of China for years because of its many world heritage Diverse Crafts.The area between two parallel sites,8 are taken good care of.I 9 rivers,3 (settle)for about 3,000 years,but (genuine)hope people across the world can see it the Central Axis itself originated during the Yuan and do the same,"says Chiabodo. Dynasty. In the future,Chiabodo has an 10 Fascinated by China's heritage sites,a (ambition)plan to film all the UNESCO world Frenchman Olivier Chiabodo,in 4 joint effort heritage sites in China and showcase them to the with Beijing Keying Media,5 (produce)a world.(注：4~6题属一个长难句3空设题) documentary Beijing-Paris,Urban Dialogue at a 3 Crossroads in 2024 to uncover the beauty of 4. s 6 Beijing's Central Axis,6 to explore the 7 8 protection and use of city axes like those in Beijing 10 学可至此》请完成专题强化训练31 微专题一五招巧破长难句 近年高考语法填空增加了语篇理解的难度、句式结构的复杂性和干扰性，突出考查考生在准确理 解语境的基础上正确分析句子结构的能力，具体表现在以下5个方面： 1.句中非核心信息多，难以厘清句子主干； 2.词性活用现象频现； 3.语篇中生僻词或短语多； 4.句式结构相似度高； 138 红网勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 5.一个句子中出现多个主谓结构或多个从句套用。 以上情况无疑对考生的句子分析能力提出了更高的要求，考生在备考时要提高对长难句的分析 能力。 技法1“去芜存菁”，扫清因非核心信息繁杂造成的理解障碍 对于状语（包括状语从句）、同位语（包括同位语从句）、定语（包括定语从句）、插入语等非核心信 息较多、结构复杂的句子，需要“修枝剪叶留主干”。也就是说，要通过去掉各种非核心信息，厘清句子 的主干，锁定谓语，从而在简单句的层面上来判断设空处在句中所作的句子成分。 [典题呈现](2024·新课标I卷)The Glasshouse stands63 a great achievement in contemporary design,to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich)of gardening in England. [思维流程] 整个句子的核心框架为： 提取主 The Glasshouse stands a great achievement in contemporary design 干结构 主语：The Glasshouse 谓语：stands状语： a great achievement in contemporary design, 处强调Glasshouse的身份。 主干后两个不定式短语以及嵌套的定语从句和分词短语，层层修饰以补充细节： ①第一个不定式短语to house.in Asia作目的状语；the plants of the southwestern part of China作 house的宾语；介词短语at the end of a path作地点状语。 扫除非核 ②现在分词短语retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk Route作定语，修饰“path”。 心信息 ③定语从句 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia..in England修饰先行词 the Silk Route.。设空处为定语从句的引导词，在从句中作主语。 ④第二个不定式短语to come to define much of the (rich)of gardening in England作结果 状语。此处需填rich的名词形式作define的宾语。 [自主解答]63 64. 65. 技法2“层层剖析”辨词性，攻克词类活用难题 对于词类活用类试题来说，确定该词的词性及词义是至关重要的，也是突破词类活用的关键，对此 我们可以采用以下步骤： 第一步分析句子结构锁定主干； 第二步根据句子成分确定活用词的词性： 第三步结合语境判断词义。 [典题呈现]During the Western Han Dynasty,the Emperor assigned special envoys,like Zhang Qian, (routine)to the Western Regions,which facilitated the formation of the Silk Road. 专题四语法填空 139 [思维流程] 主干结构（核心框架） 整个句子的主干为：the Emperor assigned special envoys to the Western Regions 主语：the Emperor谓语：assigned宾语：special envoys 析结构 定主干 修饰成分（补充细节） 句子通过插入语和非限制性定语从句补充信息，使内容更具体： ①插入语：like Zhang Qian ②非限制性定语从句：which facilitated the formation of the Silk Road 定词性 此处routine活用为形容词，意为“例行公事的，常规的”。设空处修饰谓语assigned,应使用副词。 判词义 [自主解答] 技法3锚定五大基础句型，扫除生僻词汇密集带来的理解阻碍 对于信息多、生词多的长难句，我们的破解办法是通过锁定谓语动词，厘清句子主干来拆解句子。 1.如果是简单句，就锁定其为五大基本句型中的某一种； 2.如果是复合句，则分别锁定主句和从句为五大基本句型中的某一种，明确基本句型，然后再看定 语和状语等修饰成分。 [典题呈现]After a three-year pilot period,the GPNP will be officially set up next year.The GPNP 1 (design)to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity (of natural ecosystems,preserving biological diversity,protecting ecological buffer zones,2 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产）for future generations'”.The GPNP's main goal is.. [思维流程] 整个句子的核心框架为： The GPNP (design)to reflect the guiding principle. 主语：The GPNP谓语： (design)目的状语：to reflect the guiding principle 锁定谓语 修饰“the guiding principle”的并列成分 明句式 四个并列的动名词短语作介词of的宾语： ①protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems 2preserving biological diversity 3protecting ecological buffer zones ④leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations 140 红网勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 续表 l.在第l空之后没有出现谓语动词，“to reflect the guiding principle of..”为不定式短语作目的状 结合语境语，因此第l空应为谓语动词。此处表示“GPNP旨在…”，应使用be designed to do结构；另外 定形式 结合下文中的s可判定，该句介绍的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。 2.介词o之后是四个并列的动名词短语，共同说明原则的核心内容，应填并列连词。 [自主解答]1 2 技法4梳理近似结构，通过对比，破除因结构相似导致的误判阻碍 对于易混的相似结构，首先要正确分析每一个句子的结构，然后通过认真仔细的比对，找出彼此之 间的不同点，在此过程中确定谓语和非谓语尤为关键 常见相似句式梳理 ①主语+定语从句/后置定语+谓语+非谓语+连词+谓语 相似结构1 ②主语+定语从句/后置定语+谓语+谓语+连词+谓语 ①主语+定语从句（主语+谓语）+谓语 相似结构2 ②主语+状语从句的省略形式（连词+非谓语）+谓语 [典题呈现]His story,which1(view)more than 19 million times up till now,has gone viral(快速 on the social media platform and he wins admiration from its users 2 his courage,determination and hard work. [思维流程] 这是一个由并列连词and连接的并列句，包含两个分句： 第一分句：His story,which1_(view）)more than19 million times up till now,has gone viral on the social media platform 1.主干部分 细致比对 主语：His story 谓语：has gone viral状语：on the social media platform 辨易混 2.定语从句 句中which1(view)more than 19 million times up till now是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 His story 第二分句：he wins admiration from its users2_his courage,determination and hard work 主语：he谓语：wins宾语：admiration地点状语：from its users 1.根据上述分析可知，第1空在定语从句中作谓语，根据从句的时间状语up till now可知，应使用 结合语境 现在完成时；关系代词which指代先行词His story(单数概念)，和view之间为被动关系。 定形式 2.在and之后的并列分句中，“2 his courage,determination and hard work”在句中作原因状语 表示他赢得钦佩的原因。 [自主解答]1 [名师点津]部分考生看到第1空在which之后，误以为这跟常见的“主语+状语从句的省略形式（连 词+非谓语)+谓语”类似，因此错填过去分词viewed。其实，在定语从句中，没有这种省略结构。 专题四语法填空 141 技法5定位“主谓”，梳理连词，明晰语意，攻克多从句嵌套难题 对于从句套用类长难句，关键在于梳理清楚从句的层次，我们可以按照以下方法进行句式分析：首 先利用连接词和主谓结构的个数厘清主句和从句的层次：然后找到主句的主干一主谓、主谓宾、主系 表、主谓双宾或主谓宾宾补；对每一个从句，也使用相同的方法梳理其主干部分。 [典题呈现]The film also quotes a large number of poems,some of 1 are suggestions provided by some poetry and drama organizations and some were selected by the crew due to the meaning these works 2 (hold)for them during the shot. [思维流程] 1.主干部分 主语：The film谓语：quotes宾语：a large number of poems 2.非限制性定语从句1 句中some of1 are suggestions..organizations是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词poems 明确主谓 3.非限制性定语从句2 定从句 some were selected by the crew due to the meaning these works 2 hold)for them during the shot (some后省略了of which) 4.定语从句 these works 2 (hold)for them during the shot 1.第1空引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词a large number of poems,因为空处在介词of之后，为 “代词+of+关系代词”结构。 2.“these works2(hold)for them during the shot'”是定语从句，位于非限制性定语从句2中，修 结合语境 饰先行词meaning,省略了关系代词that/which,第2空在从句中作谓语，根据时间状语during the 定形式 sot可知，该动作发生在过去，结合句意“影片引用了大量的诗歌，其中一些是由一些诗歌和戏剧组 织提供的建议，还有一些是由摄制组基于这些作品在拍摄过程中对他们蕴含的意义选中的”，应使 用一般过去时的主动语态。 [自主解答]1. 2 142 红网勾讲与练·高三二轮英语5. produced考查时态。句意同上。根 据in2024可知，此处描述过去发生的 事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用pro duce的过去式。故填produced。 6.and 1考查连词。句意同第4题。to uncover the beauty of Beijing's Central Axis to explore the protection and use of city axes like those in Beijing and Paris是并列关系，用并列连词and连 接。故填and。 7.to考查介词。句意：利用科技作为媒 介，Chiabodo制作的这部纪录片不仅 向世界介绍了一个更真实的中国，还 让更多人深入了解法国。introduce. 0.…表示“把…介绍给…”，是固定 搭配。故填to。 8.which考查定语从句。句意：多年来 我一直对中国感兴趣，因为它有许多 世界遗产地，这些遗产地都得到了很 好的保护。空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是world heritage sites,指物， 关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语， 用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9.genuinely考查副词。句意：“…我 真诚地希望世界各地的人们都能看到 它并效仿。”Chiabodo说。本空修饰动 词hope,用副词genuinely'“真诚地”，作 状语。故填genuinely。 l0.ambitious考查形容词。句意：未来， Chiabodo有一个雄心勃勃的计划，要 拍摄中国全部的联合国教科文组织世 界遗产地，并向世界展示。空处修饰 名词plan,用形容词ambitious“雄心勃 勃的”，作前置定语。故填ambitious。 微专题—五招 巧破长难句 技法1 [典题呈现]63.as64.that/which 65.richness 技法2 [典题呈现]routinely 技法3 [典题呈现]1.is designed2.and 技法4 [典题呈现]1.has been viewed2.for 技法5 [典题呈现]1.which2.held 专题五 应用文写作 第一讲1 审题谋篇“4步法” [第二步] 2.present the interesting and enjoyable as- pects encourage students to actively share 3.create a positive and lively atmosphere 4.for us to express our feelings and opin- ions a sense of belonging 5.make this column a great addition 「第三步1 1.Not only can this theme of the column present the interesting and enjoyable as- pects of our school life,but it can also encourage students to actively share their experiences. 2.It will create a positive and lively atmos- phere in the newspaper,making the newspaper more engaging to our peers. 「第四步1 Dear Jenny, I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper.Be- tween the two options you provided,"Fun at my school”and“Guess who I am",I would prefer the former. Firstly,not only can this theme of the column present the interesting and enjoy- able aspects of our school life,but it can also encourage students to actively share their experiences.Secondly,it will create a positive and lively atmosphere in the newspaper,making the newspaper more engaging to our peers.Moreover,it can serve as a platform for us to express our feelings and opinions about school activi- ties,thus promoting a sense of belonging within our class. I believe this theme will attract readers easily and make this column a great addi- tion to our English newspaper. Yours, Li Hua 第二讲写作文体分类突破 第1组询问信、告知信、建议信 考点1 参考范文： Dagreed to write an article 2inquire about the progress of the article ③letting me know 4the deadline for submission ⑤be of benefit to us 考点2 参考范文： DInspired by the fantastic scenery 2determined to create a watercolor paint- ing 3With trees reflected in the clear water thought highly of/sang high praises for it 5Being exposed to nature 6made me admire the beautiful scenery ⑦to love nature 考点3 参考范文： DIt's great to hear you're planning to write about China's achievements 2Here are a few suggestions 3 which are the highlights 4to build a shared future 5helping solve global issues 6offering a more comprehensive view 第2组邀请信、推荐信、求助信 考点4 参考范文： Dhas gained increasing popularity among students 2ranging from music,sports,study strat- egies to life in school 3is scheduled for 5 pm this Friday 考点5 参考范文： Dto receive your last email ②is remembered for 3contributions to Chinese literature 4with dragon boat races being the most exciting 5filled with energy and excitement ⑥vibrant atmosphere 考点6 参考范文： ① preparing for a school creative short video competition 2 To enrich my video content 3featuring Chinese cultural events 4showcasing/presenting/demonstrating Chinese traditions 5reflecting your thoughts have access to any other relevant resources 第3组 申请信、道款信、感谢信 考点7 参考范文： Dto apply for a volunteer position 2Fluency in both Chinese and English 3share the knowledge with others 4selected as a volunteer 考点8 参考范文： 1should have embraced this remarkable opportunity 2failing to host the event 3making it impossible for me to adjust my schedule ④Wish you all the best 考点9 参考范文： Dexpress my heartfelt gratitude ②was deeply struck 3dedication to her groundbreaking research 第4组通知、发言稿、倡议书 考点10 参考范文： DIn an effort to promote people's aware- ness of wildlife conservation 参考答案 317