专题1 第2讲 精用“同义替换”，快攻正确选项-【红对勾讲与练】2026年高考英语二轮复习讲义

第二讲精用“同义替换”，快攻正确选项 高考阅读理解的正确选项其实就是用英语解释英语，也就是说，正确选项都是原文中的信息点 (有时是某个关键词或某几个关键词)的同义替换。这种原文、题干和选项之间的同义转述有：同义 词、近义词、反义词和同源词的转述等。 快攻1同义替换的命题方式 (1)同义、近义转述 [典题呈现1](2025·全国一卷阅读C节选) Life on city streets started to change decades ago.Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.Some communities fought back.Most famously,a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park, Washington Square.Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an[同义替换]选项中词汇： expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长)to champion“New替换原文中词汇： York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through.”Similar[自主解答] campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well 29.What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A.Keep their cities livable. B.Promote cultural diversity. C.Help the needy families. D.Make expressways accessible. (2)反义转述 [典题呈现2](2023·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读C节选) 转折词but后的比较： Continued developments in communication technologies were once 印刷书籍和电子阅读器一样具有互 believed to make the printed page outdated.From a 21st-century point of 动性强调与之前看法“印刷书籍 view,the printed book is certainly ancient,but it remains as interactive as 很古老”相反→纸质书不完全过时。 any battery-powered e-reader. [同义替换]选项中词汇： 31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader? A.The printed book is not totally out of date. 反义转述原文中词汇： B.Technology has changed the way we read. C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked. [自主解答] D.People now rarely have the patience to read. (3)同源词转述 [典题呈现3](2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读B节选) Trost thinks so. "At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything Trost认为BART的乘客数量将会 they can to improve the rider experience.So I absolutely think we will get 增加。 more riders just because of short stories,she says. [同义替换]选项中词汇： 27.What is Trost's opinion about BART's future? 是原文中 的同源词。 A.It will close down. [自主解答] B.Its profits will decline. C.It will expand nationwide. D.Its ridership will increase. 专题一 阅读理解 003 快攻2近三年高考出现的“同义替换” 序号 卷别 同义替换内容 1 2025年全国一卷 Putting more effort into renewables speed up the development of green energy 2 2025年全国一卷 livable替换a decent place to live 3 2025年全国二卷 Assigning no schoolwork don't give the kids any assignments 2024年新课标I卷 hold students'attention替换engaging 5 2024年新课标Ⅱ卷 proper clothes替换suitable clothing 2024年新课标Ⅱ卷 cuts..distance替换shortens 7 2024年新课标Ⅱ卷 Current condition of the plants growing data in real time 8 2023年新课标I卷 many types of bikes替换bicycles in a wide variety 2023年新课标I卷 repair itself替换self-repair 10 2023年新课标I卷 a simple digital lifestyle digital minimalism 11 2023年新课标Ⅱ卷 an initiator of Urban Sprouts started Urban Sprouts 快攻3“同义替换”预测80例 序号 词义 同义替换 序号 词义 同义替换 控告 support,in favo(u)r of,favo(u)r, accuse sb.of,charge sb.with 2 支持；赞成 subscribe to,in support of in advance,beforehand,ahead of date back to,date from,be traced 提前 追溯到 time/schedule (back)to matter, count, be important/ 重要 consist of,be made up of,be significant/critical/vital/essential. 由…组成 composed of be of importance/significance 随机 at random,randomly 提出 put forward,come up with,raise 成功；设 succeed in,be successful in. 未意识 be unaware/unconscious of,fail to 9 10 法做成 manage to do 到；忽略 notice,overlook,neglect,ignore as soon as,immediately,instantly. 11 …就 方法；方 approach,way,method,means, directly, hardly...when..., no 12 式；手段 manner sooner...than...,upon/on doing hold the strong belief that,be 13 深信 oppose,be opposed to,object to. greatly convinced that,strongly 14 反对 raise an objection to believe that 15 尤其；特别 especially,in particular,particularly 16 以…为骄傲 be proud of,take pride in 17 取笑；嘲笑 laugh at,tease,make fun of,play 18 穿 dress up,get/be dressed in,wear tricks/jokes on put on stress,underline,emphasize,place/ be tired/sick of,be bored with,be 19 厌烦；厌倦 20 强调 put great emphasis on,attach great fed up with importance/value to 21 容忍 bear,put up with,tolerate,stand 22 照顾 attend to,take care of,look after 004 2树勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 续表 序号 词义 同义替换 序号 词义 同义替换 catch on,be popular with,be be responsible for, take/bear 23 流行；受欢迎 fashionable,in fashion,in style,be 24 负责 shoulder responsibility for,answer well received,gain popularity for,take charge of 不流行； be unfashionable.out of fashion, 25 26 确保 make sure/certain,ensure,guarantee 不受欢迎 out of style now and then, sometimes look for,search for,seek,be in 27 有时；偶尔 28 寻找 occasionally,from time to time search of realize/fulfil/achieve/accomplish be eager/thirsty/hungry/desperate 29 实现梦想 one's dream,make one's dream 30 渴望 for/to do,have a strong urge/ come true desire to do,desire to do 能够；有能 be able to do,be capable of doing, be good for,benefit,be beneficial/ 31 32 对…有益 力做某事 have the ability/capacity to do of benefit to on purpose,deliberately,by design, old people,the old,senior citizens, 33 老年人 34 故意/偶然 purposely,by accident,by the aged,the elderly chance,accidentally 35 弥补 make up for,compensate for 36 澄清 clarify,make sth.clear 37 逃脱 flee,escape from,get away from 38 雇用 employ,take on,hire be tired out,be worn out,be attract,be attracted to,appeal to, 39 疲惫 40 吸引 exhausted,be burnt out catch one's eye/attention by oneself, on one's own, have the chance/opportunity of 41 独自 42 有机会做 independently,alone doing/to do,have/gain access to take the place of,take one's place, 代替 decline,come/go down,drop,fall, 43 replace B with A,substitute A for 44 下降；减少 decrease,reduce B,use...as an alternative to 认为：持 think,believe,hold the view/idea refer to,mention,talk of,when it 45 46 提及；提到 有…观点 opinion that,argue/claim that comes to 47 方便的 at hand,handy,convenient 48 展览 on exhibition/show/display realize,recognize,sense,be aware/ 49 意识到 50 对…有害 be harmful to,be bad for conscious of be like,resemble,look like,bear a apart from,aside from,besides,in 像；与… 51 resemblance to,be identical to,be 52 除了 addition to,as well as,moreover, 相似 similar to furthermore,except,except for at the same time,meanwhile,in affect,influence,have an effect/ 53 同时 54 影响 the meanwhile impact/influence on promise to do,make a promise t to face,be faced with,confront,be 55 承诺 56 面对；面临 do,commit oneself to confronted with account for,make up,occupy, various,a variety of,varieties of. 57 占；组成 58 各种各样的 take up diverse,all kinds/sorts of be accessible to,have access to,be 虐待；不好 treat sb. badly,abuse sb. 59 为…所得到 60 available to 好对待某人 maltreat sb. 专题一 阅读理解 005 续表 序号 词义 同义替换 序号 词义 同义替换 claim one's life,cost sb.the life. treat...as,consider...as,think of.. 61 要了某人的命 62 把…看作 kill sb. as,look on...as 63 推迟 postpone,put off,delay ￥ 出现 show up,tumn up,appear differ from,be different from,tell 与…不 the difference between...and...,make take part in,attend,participate in, 65 66 参加；参与 involve sb.in sth..be involved in. 同；区分 a distinction between...and....tell/ be engaged in distinguish...from... be consistent with,be in line with, be addicted to,be hooked on,be 与一致 沉醉于；沉迷 67 correspond with,agree with. 68 lost in,be obsessed with,be drunk 于；沉浸于 consist with with,be absorbed in unbelievable, beyond belief. 69 代表 represent,on behalf of 70 难以置信 incredible 大多数； 71 用光；耗尽 use up,run out of,give out,run out 72 大部分 most,the majority of 充分利用 make full use of,take advantage deal with,do with,handle,cope 73 74 处理；对付 of,make the most/best of with,tackle,address be related to,be linked to,be 75 在网上 on the Internet,online 76 与…有关 associated with,be connected with be relevant to 优于：有优 be better than,have an edge/ 77 导致；造成 bring about,contribute to,cause, 78 result in,lead to,account for 势，超过… advantage over,be superior to 79 由…引起 result from,arise from 80 次于 be worse than,be inferior to 第三讲巧妙“化繁为简”，速拆长难句式 2025年高考英语长难句结构复杂度与语法深度有所提升，例如全国一卷C篇317词，长难句多达 10句，只有6句不是长难句！全国一卷D篇317词，长难句多达12句，只有3句是简单句！考生有必 要通过系统的结构拆解训练来有效突破长难句瓶颈。 第一招寻关联，辨逻辑 些长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句。而这些并列句或复合句之间需要一些关联 词来连接。考生如果找准这些关联词，就能够弄清楚句与句之间的逻辑关系。弄清楚主句的意义和各 从句的意义，长句就容易理解了。要掌握此方法必须对英语中常见的关联词熟记于心。 典例 分析 (2025·全国一卷阅读C节选)A1 though 提主干本句主干为“主系表”结构：the reality is that..o these campaigns were widespread,the reality 关联词although引导 从句；hat引导 is that the majority of the western cities were 寻关联 从句。 completely redesigned around the needs of 尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是，大多数西方城市完全是 the motor car. 句意 围绕着汽车的需求进行了重新设计。 006 红树勾讲与练·高三二轮英语专题一阅读理解 第一部分 宏观层面厚植素养 第一讲树立4种意识， 提升解题思维 [自主解答] 35.B28.C 26.A29.D 25.A 第二讲精用“同义替换”， 快攻正确选项 [典题呈现]29.livable a decent place to live A [典题呈现2]31.not totally out of date outdated/ancient A [典题呈现3]27.ridership rider D 第三讲巧妙“化繁为简”， 速拆长难句式 第一招 让步状语 表语 第二招 时间状语 第三招 表语 定语 后置定语 第四招 宾语 定语 第二部分 微观层面蓄势赋能 (一)讲透题型有准度 第一讲细节理解题 定位信息巧比对 考点1 [典题呈现]33.A 考点2 [典题呈现]23.B 考点3 [典题呈现]21.C 考点4 [典题呈现]21.D 》学以致用·能力生成《 A 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文 章主要讲述了作者的妈妈学习使用iPad 的经历。 l.D细节理解题。根据第一段“Though she'd never used a computer...unable to open a can of soup.”可知，作者的妈妈 对Pad表现出浓厚的兴趣是因为她不 想被时代落下。故选D。 2.A细节理解题。根据第二段“Isug gested the version might be too old.”可 知，作者的妈妈不能登录Netflix的原 因是应用程序需要更新。故选A。 讲义手册 3.B细节理解题。根据第三段“Howev er,she is still unable...thus ending up on strange pages..”可知，作者的妈妈在上 网时遇到的问题是她可能会被引导到 奇怪的页面。故选B。 4.B推理判断题。根据第一段“For her 85th birthday,I gave my mother an Pad.”以及文章主要讲述了作者的妈 妈学习使用Pad的经历可知，作者写 这篇文章的目的是分享她妈妈学习技 术的经历。故选B。 B 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。 阿肯色州推行“无手机校园”计划，旨在 改善学生心理健康，减少屏幕依赖，初步 成效显著。 5.B推理判断题。根据文章第一段中 "This policy is part of Arkansas Gover- nor Huckabee Sanders'pilot program, aiming to create phone-free'schools to improve students'mental health and re- duce screen addiction.”以及第二段中 "Governor Huckabee Sanders believes schools must act to help students focus on academics rather than being distracted by texts and social media.”可知，阿肯 色州州长Huckabee Sanders的试点项 目的主要目的是创建“无手机”学校， 以改善学生的心理健康状况，减少屏 幕成瘾问题，并帮助学生专注于学业。 故选B。 6.D推理判断题。由文章第二段中 “‘Idon't think it''s ever been harder to be a kid than it is right now,she said. citing the pressures and influences chil- dren face..”以及结合上文提到手机和 社交媒体会分散学生注意力可知， Huckabee Sanders州长认为现在做孩 子难是因为社交媒体给他们带来了压 力和影响。故选D。 7.A细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二 段“Early results are promising:some schools reported a 50%drop in major disciplinary incidents,often linked to so- cial media or texting.”可知，一些学校 报告称与社交媒体或发短信相关的重 大纪律事件下降了50%，这是支持“无 手机”政策有效性的证据。选项A“严 重纪律事件显著减少”与原文“drop in major disciplinary incidents"完全对应， 其他选项无原文依据。故选A。 8.D推理判断题。从文章第四段 "Huckabee Sanders has distributed Haidt's book to lawmakers and gover- nors nationwide and is traveling across Arkansas to promote phone-free schools." 以及最后一段的内容可以看出，Huck abee Sanders州长相信该政策对学校、 孩子和学习过程都有好处，并且她向 全国的立法者和州长分发了Haidt的 书，还在阿肯色州各地推广“无手机” 学校。选项D“满意并致力于更广泛 的应用”符合她的态度。故选D。 第二讲推理判断题 据文推理细筛选 考点1 [典题呈现]30.B 考点2 [典题呈现]24.A 考点3 [典题呈现]31.B 考点4 [典题呈现]28.A 考点5 [典题呈现]35.D 考点6 [典题呈现]27.B 考点7 [典题呈现]32.C 考点8 [典题呈现]35.C 考点9 [典题呈现]26.B 》学以致用·能力生成《 A 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文 章主要讲述了绿色空间对预防非传染性 疾病的益处及未来趋势。 1.B推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifcr rent global trends are correct...represen- ting around 74 percent of all deaths glob- ally.”可知，作者在第一段列数字是为 了表明非传染性疾病正在成为一个杀 手。故选B。 2.D推理判断题。根据第二段“Fortu nately,a number of recent studies...and mental health.”以及第三段中“What is it about green spaces...all reasons..”可 知，通过在公园散步可以避免非传染 性疾病。故选D。 3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 “Once in our blood.…positive health out- comes..”可知，当我们吸入一种气味 时，它的分子会与生化途径相互作用。 故选B。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中 "Urban planners...the critical system of a healthy city..”可知，作者会同意城市 规划者应该建造更多的城市公园和花 园。故选C。 参考答案 305