2026届高考英语语法讲解大全 特殊句式 讲义

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考特殊句式核心考点，涵盖倒装句、强调句两大模块，按基础分类练习到综合提升的逻辑架构编排，梳理不同句式的语法规则及内在联系。通过考点专项梳理、解题方法指导、典型真题训练等环节，帮助学生构建句式应用框架，突破倒装标志词识别、强调结构辨析等难点，体现复习教学的系统性与针对性。 资料采用分层练习与情境化策略，如在倒装句练习中设置“Only+状语”部分倒装专项训练，强调句中结合真题实例辨析“it is...that”结构，培养学生的语言能力与思维品质。设计即时反馈与错题归纳环节，确保学生在有限时间内高效掌握考点，既提升学生应考能力，也为教师精准把控复习节奏提供实用指导。

参考答案 一、倒装句习题 1.comes 解析：句首是表示地点的副词Here,且主语是名词the bus,需使用完全倒装。谓语动词的单复数需与主语the bus保持 一致，故用单数comes。. 2.stands 解析：句首是介词短语In front of the mountain表示地点方位，且主语是名词an old temple,需使用完全倒装。主语是单 数，故谓语用stands。 3.are 解析：这是There be''型的完全倒装句，表示“有.”。主语是a lot of students（复数)，且句子描述一般情况，故用are。 4.have;seen 解析：否定副词Nver置于句首，句子需部分倒装。根据句意我以前从未见过如此美丽的日落”，应使用现在完成时， 故填have seen。 5.did;leave 解析：Not until+-时间点置于句首，主句需分倒装。根据句意，动作发生在过去，故用助动词did,后接动词原形leave。 6.had;entered 解析：Hardly..when.是固定搭配，表示一就”，Hardly置于句首时，主句需部分倒装。Hardly所在的分句通常用过 去完成时，故填had entered。 7.will;make 解析：Only+状语（介词短语）置于句首，句子需部分倒装。根据句意，表示将来能够取得进步，故用will make。 8.will:understand 解析：Only+状语从句置于句首，主句需部分倒装。主句表示将来的结果，故用will understand。 9.did:run 解析：So+副词置于句首，表示如此以至于”，句子需部分倒装。根据句意，动作发生在过去，故用助动词dd,后接 动词原形un。 10.as/though 解析：这是由as或though引导的让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。当句首是动词原形Ty时，需用Try as he might的结构。 11.as/though 解析：这是由as或though引导的让步状语从句。句首是副词Much,需用Much as I admire him的结构，表示“尽管我很 钦佩他”。 12.have 解析：这是表示祝愿的倒装句。结构为May+主语+动词原形”，表示祝”。 二、强调句习题 1.that/where 解析：此句强调地点状语in Beijing。强调句型为It was+-被强调部分+hat+其他”。如果把It was..that.…”去掉，句子变为T met my favorite singer in Beijing.”,结构完整，意思通顺，因此是强调句，填hat。强调地点时，有时也可用where。. 2.that/who 解析：此句强调主语Tom。强调人时，可以用hat或who。 3.that 解析：此句强调原因状语because he was ill。强调原因状语从句时，只能用hat。 4.that 解析：此句强调not until引导的时间状语。It was not until..that是固定句型，表示直到.才”。 5.that 解析：这是强调句的特殊疑问形式：“疑问词+was it that+其他？”。此处对宾语提问，故用that。 6.that 解析：这是强调句的特殊疑问形式。此处对宾语提问，故用hat。 7.that 解析：此句强调主语the ability to do the job。被强调部分是名词短语，故用that。 8.hope 解析：此句考查谓语动词的强调。结构为do/does/did+动词原形”，表示“确实、务必”。主语是I,时态是一般现在时， 故用hope。 9.tell 解析：此句考查谓语动词的强调。结构为“do/does/did+动词原形'。根据后半句didn't believe可知时态是过去时，故用did tell。 10.when/that 解析：此题易混淆。如果去掉It was..that.”后，"He left the office at 10o'clock.结构完整，是强调句，填that。但如果判 断为'It was 10o'clock when he left.”(他离开时是l0点钟)，则是时间状语从句。根据文档中强调句与状语从句的区别， 此句更倾向于考察强调句，填tht。但在某些语境下也可作状语从句理解。此处按强调句处理。 三、综合提升练 1.did 解析：Not only置于句首，引起部分倒装。根据句意，动作发生在过去，故用助动词did。 2.am 解析：Neither置于句首，引起部分倒装。主语是I,故用am。 3.that/which;that 解析：这是强调句型，被强调部分是the training(that/which he had as a young man)。第一个空是定语从句的关系词，指代 物，用that或which;第二个空是强调句的连接词，用that。 4.What 解析：这是强调句的特殊疑问形式：“疑问词+was it that+其他？”。根据句意“你在画里看到的是什么？”，疑问词用What。 5.do/did;meet 解析：否定副词Seldom置于句首，句子需部分倒装。根据句意，可用一般现在时do meet或一般过去时did meet。 6.Not until then did 解析：句意为“直到那时他才意识到回家太晚了”。Not until置于句首，主句需部分倒装。根据句意，动作发生在过去， 故用Not until then did he realize..。 7.wasn't/didn't 解析：此句是It was..when…”结构的时间状语从句，表示他出生时是1990年”，而非强调句。因此，反义疑问句需根据 主句'It was 1990'来判断，故用wasn't it。或者根据常理，l990是过去，也可用didn't he(指he was born),但通常对时 间点提问用wasn't it。 8.does 解析：否定副词Little(很少)置于句首，句子需部分倒装。主语是she,时态是一般现在时，故助动词用does。 9.crying 解析：此句考查固定句型It is no use doing sth.”(做某事没用)。注意，这不是强调句，而是It作形式主语的句型。 10 did 解析：So+副词置于句首，句子需部分倒装。根据句意，动作发生在过去，故用助动词dd。 高考英语语法巩固习题——特殊句式 一、倒装句练习 1.Here______(come)the bus.Let's hurry up. 2.In front of the mountain______(stand)an old temple. 3.There______(be)a lot of students playing basketball on the playground. 4.Never______I______(see)such a beautiful sunset before. 5.Not until midnight______he______(leave)the office. 6.Hardly______he______(enter)the room when the phone rang. 7.Only by practicing every day______you______(make)progress in your English. 8.Only when you listen carefully______you______(understand)the teacher. 9.So fast______he______(run)that I couldn't catch up with him. 10.Try______he might,he couldn't open the door. 11.Much______I admire him,I can't agree with his idea. 12.May you______(have)a wonderful journey! 二、强调句练习 1.It was in Beijing______I met my favorite singer. 2.It is Tom______broke the school record in the long jump. 3.It was because he was ill______he didn't come to school yesterday. 4.It was not until she took off her sunglasses______I recognized she was a famous film star. 5.Who was it______called me just now? 6.What is it______you want me to do? 7.It is the ability to do the job______matters,not where you come from or what you are. 8.I do______(hope)you can come to the party. 9.He did______(tell)me the truth,but I didn't believe him. 10.It was 10 o'clock______he left the office. 三、综合提升练 1.Not only______he refuse the gift,but also he severely criticized the sender. 2.Neither______I interested in painting,nor do I like music. 3.It was the training______he had as a young man______made him such a good engineer. 4.______was it that you saw in the picture? 5.Seldom______they______(meet)such a difficult problem. 6.______he realized it was too late to go home. 7.It was 1990 when he was born,______it? 8.Little______she care about what others think,does she? 9.It is no use______(cry)over spilt milk. 10.So loudly______he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高考英语语法讲解大全——特殊句式 一、倒装句 1.定义 在英语中，主语和谓语的正常语序是“主语+谓语”（自然语序）。为了强调、突出某一部分信息，或为了使句子结构保持平衡、使上下文衔接更紧密，将谓语动词的一部分或全部移到主语之前的句式，称为倒装句。 2.分类 （1）完全倒装 情况 示例 表地点、方位、时间的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词 Here comes the sun. 太阳出来了。 In front of the house was a small garden. 小花园在房子前面。 （2）特殊倒装 情况 示例 There be型(be可换为come,exist、follow live seem remain等) There are many students in our school. 我们学校有很多学生。 （3）部分倒装 情况 示例 具有否定意义的副词或含有否定词的连词或介词短语置于句首 Never will I forget what happened that day. 我永远不会忘记那天发生的事。 No sooner had they started than it began to rain. 刚一出发,下雨了。 “only+状语(副词/介词短语/状语从句)”置于句首 Only by working hard can one succeed. 只有努力才能成功。 Only when one falls ill does one know the value of health. 只有生了病才知道健康的可贵。 so/neither/nor置于句首，表示上句的情况也适用于下句 He can play the piano.So can I. 他会弹钢琴,我也会。 表示祝愿 May you have a happy holiday! 祝你假日快乐! （4）形式倒装 情况 示例 as/though引导让步状语从句时,通常将从句的表语、状语或部分谓语置于句首(as必须倒装，though可以倒装，although和while一定不倒装) Fail as/though he did,he would never give up. 尽管他失败了，但也决不会放弃。 Scared and hopeless as/though he felt,he managed to keep calm. 尽管他感到害怕和绝望，他还是设法保持镇静。 二、强调句 1.定义 强调句是一种特殊的句型，其核心作用是通过特定的语法结构，使句子中的某一特定成分（如主语、宾语、时间、地点、原因等状语）得到凸显，从而引起读者的特别注意。 2.结构 （1）强调句的基本结构 情况 示例 强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分” It was in the park that I met my old friend. 我是在公园里遇到了我的老朋友。 It was Tom who broke the window. 是汤姆打破了窗户。 温馨提示：强调人时可用who，强调事物或时间、地点等用that。 （2）被强调的各句子成分 被强调部分 示例 主语 It was Li Hua who won the first prize. 是李华获得了一等奖。 宾语 It was an old friend who I met in the street. 我在街上遇到的是一位老朋友。 时间状语 It was at 8 o'clock that he left. 他是8点钟离开的。 地点状语 It was in Shanghai that she was born. 她是在上海出生的。 原因状语 It was because he missed the bus that he was late. 他迟到是因为他错过了公交车。 温馨提示 强调句不能强调的部分： ①谓语动词不能强调。谓语动词的强调需要用do/did/does+动词结构，用于强调现在或过去发生的动作，表示“确实、务必” 示例 He does look tired today.他今天看起来确实很累。 ②表语、补足语一般不强调 ③让步状语从句不能强调 （3）强调句的特殊疑问形式 情况 示例 疑问词+is/was it that+句子剩余部分? When was it that you arrived? 你究竟是什么时候到达的？ Who was it that broke the window? 到底是谁打破了窗户？ 3.强调句与主语从句、状语从句的区别(辨析) 类型 判断方法 示例 强调句型 去掉"It was/is...that..."后，句子结构仍然完整，意思通顺 It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded. PRC在1949年被发现。 (去掉后：The PRC was founded in 1949.结构完整) 主语从句 It作形式主语，that从句位于句首。去掉"It was/is...that..."后句子不完整 It is clear that he was wrong. 很明显他错了。 (It是形式主语) 状语从句 It was+时间点+when...或It is+时间段+since...，"It was/is...when/since..."后句子不完整 It was 10 p.m. when he arrived. 他到达时是晚上10点。 (when引导时间状语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $高考英语语法巩固习题一一特殊句式 一、倒装句练习 1.Here_ (come)the bus.Let's hurry up. 2.In front of the mountain (stand)an old temple. 3.There _(be)a lot of students playing basketball on the playground. 4.Never I (see)such a beautiful sunset before. 5.Not until midnight he (leave)the office. 6.Hardly he (enter)the room when the phone rang. 7.Only by practicing every day you(make)progress in your English. 8.Only when you listen carefully_you_(understand)the teacher. 9.So fast he (run)that I couldn't catch up with him. 10.Try he might,he couldn't open the door. 11.Much I admire him,I can't agree with his idea. 12.May you (have)a wonderful journey! 二、强调句练习 1.It was in Beijing I met my favorite singer 2.It is Tom broke the school record in the long jump. 3.It was because he was ill he didn't come to school yesterday. 4.It was not until she took off her sunglasses I recognized she was a famous film star. 5.Who was it_ called me just now? 6.What is it you want me to do? 7.It is the ability to do the job matters,not where you come from or what you are. 8.I do (hope)you can come to the party 9.He did (tellme the truth,but I didn't believe him. 10.It was 10 o'clock he left the office 三、综合提升练 1.Not only he refuse the gift,but also he severely criticized the sender 2.Neither I interested in painting,nor do I like music. 3.It was the training he had as a young man made him such a good engineer. 4. was it that you saw in the picture? 5.Seldom they (meet)such a difficult problem. 6. he realized it was too late to go home. 7.It was 1990 when he was born,it? 8.Little she care about what others think,does she? 9.It is no use (cry)over spilt milk 10.So loudly he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.高考英语语法讲解大全一一特殊句式 一、倒装句 1.定义 在英语中，主语和谓语的正常语序是“主语+谓语”（自然语序）。为了强调、突出某一部分信息，或为了使句子结 构保持平衡、使上下文衔接更紧密，将谓语动词的一部分或全部移到主语之前的句式，称为倒装句。 2.分类 (1)完全倒装 情况 示例 Here comes the sun. 表地点、方位、时间的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词 太阳出来了。 In front of the house was a small garden. 小花园在房子前面。 （2)特殊倒装 情况 示例 There are many students in our school. There be型(be可换为come,exist、follow live seem remain等) 我们学校有很多学生。 (3)部分倒装 情况 示例 Never will I forget what happened that day. 具有否定意义的副词或含有否定词的连词或介词短语置于 我永远不会忘记那天发生的事。 句首 No sooner had they started than it began to rain. 刚一出发，下雨了。 Only by working hard can one succeed. 只有努力才能成功。 “only+状语（副词/介词短语/状语从句）”置于句首 Only when one falls ill does one know the value of health. 只有生了病才知道健康的可贵。 He can play the piano.So can I. so/neither/nor置于句首，表示上句的情况也适用于下句 他会弹钢琴，我也会。 May you have a happy holiday! 表示祝愿 祝你假日快乐！ (4)形式倒装 情况 示例 Fail as/though he did,he would never give up. as/though引导让步状语从句时，通常将从句的表语、状语 尽管他失败了，但也决不会放弃。 或部分谓语置于句首(as必须倒装，though可以倒装， Scared and hopeless as/though he felt,he managed to keep calm. although和while一定不倒装) 尽管他感到害怕和绝望，他还是设法保持镇静。 二、强调句 1.定义 强调句是一种特殊的句型，其核心作用是通过特定的语法结构，使句子中的某一特定成分（如主语、宾语、时间、 地点、原因等状语)得到凸显，从而引起读者的特别注意。 2.结构 (1)强调句的基本结构 情况 示例 It was in the park that I met my old friend. 我是在公园里遇到了我的老朋友。 强调句型It is/was+-被强调部分+that/who+其他成分” It was Tom who broke the window. 是汤姆打破了窗户。 温馨提示：强调人时可用who,强调事物或时间、地点等用hat。 (2)被强调的各句子成分 被强调部分 示例 It was Li Hua who won the first prize. 主语 是李华获得了一等奖。 It was an old friend who I met in the street. 宾语 我在街上遇到的是一位老朋友。 It was at 8 o'clock that he left. 时间状语 他是8点钟离开的。 It was in Shanghai that she was born. 地点状语 她是在上海出生的。 It was because he missed the bus that he was late. 原因状语 他迟到是因为他错过了公交车。 温馨提示强调句不能强调的部分： ①谓语动词不能强调。谓语动词的强调需要用do/did/does+动词结构，用于强调现在或过去发生的动作，表示“确实、务 必” 示例 He does look tired today..他今天看起来确实很累。 ②表语、补足语一般不强调 ③让步状语从句不能强调 (3)强调句的特殊疑问形式 情况 示例 When was it that you arrived? 你究竟是什么时候到达的？ 疑问词+is/was it that+句子剩余部分？ Who was it that broke the window? 到底是谁打破了窗户？ 3.强调句与主语从句、状语从句的区别（辨析） 类型 判断方法 示例 It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded. PRC在1949年被发现。 强调句型 去掉"It was/is.hat."后，句子结构仍然完整，意思通顺 (去掉后：The PRC was founded in 1949.结构完 整) It is clear that he was wrong. t作形式主语，that从句位于句首。去掉"It was/is.that." 主语从句 很明显他错了。 后句子不完整 It是形式主语) It was+时间点+when.或Itis+时间段+-since..,"It It was 10 p.m.when he arrived. 状语从句 他到达时是晚上10点。 was/is.whe/since.."后句子不完整 (when引导时间状语从句)