专题09 语法选择（期末真题汇编）八年级英语新教材人教版

**基本信息** 本试卷为初中英语语法选择专题汇编，精选多地区八年级下期末试题，涵盖人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大主题，通过包粽子、东坡肉、围炉煮茶等真实情境考查语法应用，兼具文化传承与语言实践价值。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|每篇10小题|冠词（a/an/the）、代词（them/their）、时态（现在完成时）、介词（in/at/with）、形容词比较级（better）等|以“围炉煮茶”“志愿者服务”等社会热点和“东坡肉”“土拨鼠保护”等文化素材为情境，设置基础语法（如冠词辨析）与语境应用（如时态呼应）梯度，适配期末综合能力考查需求|

专题09 语法选择 主题01 人与自我——方法哲理 Passage 1 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．C Passage 2 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B Passage 3 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．B 主题02 人与社会——历史文化 Passage 1 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C Passage 2 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C Passage 3 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C 主题03 人与自我——朋友 Passage 1 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．C Passage 2 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A Passage 3 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 主题04 人与自我——动植物 Passage 1 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．A Passage 2 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B Passage 3 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 主题01 人与自我——个人经历 Passage 1 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B Passage 2 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B Passage 3 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 主题02 人与社会——志愿服务 Passage 1 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B Passage 2 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．C 10．A Passage 3 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 主题03 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A Passage 2 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B Passage 3 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．D 10．B / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 语法选择 主题01 人与自我——方法哲理 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省汕头市潮南区陈店公校·期末） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Do you know about the Dragon Boat Festival? It is 1 traditional festival in our country. It is on 2 day of the 5th lunar month. On that day, people in some places celebrate the festival by having dragon boat races. What’s more, 3 zongzi on that day is another custom (风俗). Then do you know how 4 zongzi? Here is a way. To make zongzi, you need to have some glutinous rice (糯米), some red dates (枣), some reed leaves (粽叶) and some strings (绳). Of course, you 5 have other things like meat and salted duck eggs. First, put the glutinous rice 6 the water and cook it for two hours. 7 the same time, wash some reed leaves and red dates. If you want to eat zongzi with meat, cut the meat into pieces. Next, shape the reed leaves 8 hand. Then, fill them with the glutinous rice and red dates or meat pieces and tie them with strings. Finally, put them in a pot and cook them for about three 9 . When you eat them, you can add some honey or sugar to the bowl. If you make too many, you can keep 10 in a fridge. Remember to heat them fully before eating. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．five B．fifth C．the fifth 3．A．eat B．to eat C．eating 4．A．to make B．made C．making 5．A．also can B．can also C．are also 6．A．on B．into C．at 7．A．On B．At C．In 8．A．by B．through C．with 9．A．seconds B．days C．hours 10．A．theirs B．they C．them Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西省安康市旬阳市·期末） What can lead you to success? The most important thing is what you do every day. It is very simple. Your habits will decide if you will be 1 in the future. If you have strong, healthy and good habits, it doesn’t matter whether 2 fail or not today, because you are sure to succeed in the end. Having good habits does not mean that you will succeed every time in the future. However, if it 3 long, you will make all your goals come true and be successful. But if you have serious bad habits, you are sure to fail 4 last. Why are habits so important? Because you repeat the same action every day. Single (单一的) good action will not change your life, 5 the same action repeated 1,000 times will have 6 important effect (影响) on your life. How can you 7 good habits? There is nothing easier than developing good habits. If you want to develop a habit, you 8 do the action every day. If you want to develop the habit of eating 9 food, eat healthily every day. If you want to develop the habit of reading, read every day. The more you do an action, the 10 it becomes in the end. 1．A．success B．succeed C．successful D．successfully 2．A．your B．you C．yourself D．yours 3．A．goes B．go C．will go D．went 4．A．in B．at C．on D．to 5．A．but B．so C．and D．or 6．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 7．A．have B．had C．having D．has 8．A．may B．may not C．mustn’t D．must 9．A．unhealthily B．unhealthy C．healthy D．healthily 10．A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．easily Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆市铜梁区·期末） In a warm nest in a big tree, there lived a little bird named Sky. He was young and always wanted to know about the world outside. Every day, 1 bird watched other big birds flying freely. “I want to fly like them!” he thought. One sunny morning, Sky decided to try flying. His heart beat fast— 2 but a little scared. He stood at the nest’s edge (边缘). His mother said softly, “You can 3 it! Open your wings (翅膀) and try!” Sky took a deep breath. He opened his wings and jumped into the air. At 4 , it worked! But then strong wind pushed 5 sideways. Sky got scared. He flapped (扇动) his wings hard, but couldn’t fly well. When he almost fell, he remembered his 6 words. He calmed down, kept his wings straight, and turned slowly. Soon, he flew 7 ! Flying higher, Sky saw beautiful things below: colorful flowers, green fields, and a shiny river. “Wow!” he cried 8 . After some time, Sky flew back 9 home. His mother smiled. “Great job! Your first flight is good!” she said. From that day, Sky became braver than before. He flew over the forest, made new friends, and flew to many places. He learned: 10 you try bravely, you can do anything! 1．A．the B．a C．an 2．A．excited B．excite C．exciting 3．A．did B．do C．does 4．A．once B．firstly C．first 5．A．him B．she C．he 6．A．mother’s B．mother C．mothers 7．A．good B．better C．best 8．A．happy B．unhappy C．happily 9．A．to B．for C．/ 10．A．Whether B．If C．Though 主题02 人与社会——历史文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西省榆林市榆阳区第六中学·期末） Su Shi was a very famous poet. People also called him Dongpo. He loved writing poems and wanted to serve 1 country. He also truly loved life. When he was sent to Huangzhou, he didn’t feel sad. Every morning, he got up early 2 on the farm and planted vegetables by himself. In Huangzhou, many families raised some 3 , so pork (猪肉) was common. But rich people didn’t like it, and poor people 4 how to cook it well. One day, a guest came to his home. Su Shi decided to cook pork for 5 guest. He boiled the pork first, then 6 it slowly with yellow wine and spices (黄酒和香料). After that, he went to play chess 7 the guest. He was so engrossed* in the game 8 he forgot about the pork. When he remembered, he thought the pork was burnt. But when he checked, the pork looked red and smelled great. It 9 soft and very delicious. After that, Su Shi often cooked the pork like this. People loved it, and it became a 10 dish called “Dongpo Pork”. *The word “engrossed” means sth. interests you so much that you do not notice anything else. 1．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 2．A．sleep B．to sleep C．work D．to work 3．A．pigs B．pig C．horses D．horse 4．A．not knew B．not know C．didn’t know D．don’t know 5．A．a B．the C．an D．/ 6．A．is cooking B．will cook C．cooks D．cooked 7．A．with B．to C．at D．on 8．A．while B．or C．that D．unless 9．A．were B．was C．are D．be 10．A．busy B．busily C．famous D．famously Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东潮州江海实验中学·期末） 在每小题所给的三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Long long ago, there was a young man called Gongsun Mu. He came from a poor family, 1 it never stopped him from learning more knowledge. He wanted 2 to the top school, the Tai Xue. However, the cost was too high for him. To make money, he decided to work as a farmer for Wu You, who was a rich man and wanted some farmers to pound (捣碎) rice. One day, while Gongsun Mu 3 , Wu You happened to pass by. Wu guessed Gongsun didn’t do much farm work before, so he had a talk with Gongsun. During 4 communication, Wu You found that Gongsun was really talented. At that time, it was unusual for a rich man to show so 5 kindness to a poor man. Wu didn’t care 6 Gongsun was at all. Instead, what Wu cared was Gongsun’s knowledge and talent. In the following days, Wu You helped Gongsun Mu get used to the farm work. Besides, Wu always shared his life experience 7 Gongsun. Soon they became good friends 8 they had different social status (地位). Later, Wu even offered a lot of money to Gongsun. With Wu’s help, Gongsun was able to continue 9 study at the Tai Xue. The story between them is remembered by people because it 10 us what a real friendship should be. 1．A．and B．but C．or 2．A．to go B．going C．go 3．A．works B．worked C．was working 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．many B．much C．more 6．A．who B．where C．how 7．A．with B．among C．between 8．A．until B．unless C．although 9．A．he B．his C．him 10．A．tell B．told C．tells Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省佛山市南海区南海外国语学校·期末） “Stove-boiled tea”, a new way of drinking tea, is becoming the latest slow-living lifestyle 1 young people. People sit around, boil tea leaves over a charcoal stove (碳炉), and then enjoy the tea with delicious snacks. Sometimes, they add flowers or milk to make the tea taste much 2 . This activity helps people feel warm and 3 during the colder months. Some people, wearing traditional Hanfu clothing, also post their love of stove-boiled tea. “Stove-boiled tea” is inexpensive. 4 some information online showing that these tea services usually cost about 50 RMB per person. “Stove-boiled tea” is also a latest “Guo Chao”. You may have heard of coffee art, 5 have you ever heard of a similar (相似的) art in a cup of tea? lt’s called Dian Cha. The Dian Cha artists create beautiful pictures with froth (泡沫) and tea paste (茶膏) which act as 6 and ink. “Stove-boiled tea” is similar to 7 popular lifestyles such as cycling and camping. It shows young people’s wish 8 away from cities in order to experience a peaceful mind. It’s really relaxing to drink hot tea and talk with best friends. Some topics about “Stove-boiled tea” 9 millions of views on Weibo so far. For example, the topic “ 10 wonderful it is to have stove-boiled tea in winter!” has got over 18 million views. “Stove-boiled tea” warms the body and heart, letting young people enjoy tea culture and find peace in busy life. 1．A．between B．with C．among 2．A．well B．better C．good 3．A．relax B．relaxed C．relaxing 4．A．It is B．They are C．There is 5．A．so B．or C．but 6．A．papers B．paper C．paper’s 7．A．others B．other C．another 8．A．to run B．run C．running 9．A．have got B．got C．get 10．A．What B．What a C．How 主题03 人与自我——朋友 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省茂名市·期末） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Parents often have very strong feelings when they think about their children getting older. Maybe that’s why a father’s simple video of his daughter became 1 than expected. The video, in just under two minutes, shows the love between parent and child. And it also shows 2 she changed from a little girl to a young woman. Ray, a dad, loves his daughter very much. He 3 a sweet habit since Elizabeth’s kindergarten (幼儿园) days. Every first school day, he filmed short talks 4 Elizabeth. He started in her kindergarten and kept going until her last high school year. “At first, I wanted to talk to her on camera in kindergarten 5 what she was like back then,” Ray said. Each year, he asked his daughter what she wanted to do when she grew up, and each time, she 6 gave different answers. In the last video, Elizabeth, now grown up, asked her father if 7 is going to cry. You can hear his voice shake (颤抖) behind 8 camera because of her question. This story shows the strong feelings parents have as they see their children grow up: feeling happy and proud 9 a little sad about them not being little kids anymore. In the video, love is the most important thing parents can give during their 10 growth. It also tells us to enjoy the time we have and to love our parents. 1．A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular 2．A．how B．why C．what 3．A．had B．has had C．will have 4．A．in B．with C．from 5．A．see B．seeing C．to see 6．A．happy B．happily C．happiness 7．A．he B．him C．his 8．A．a B．an C．the 9．A．or B．and C．but 10．A．child B．children C．children’s Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西省宝鸡市·期末） When I had something difficult to do, I used to ask my mother for help. But she always said, “Do it yourself.” I was not happy at all. I thought she was 1 mother in the world! For example, one day, I 2 some friends to my home. When we arrived home, I found my bedroom was 3 a mess. My mother 4 TV then. I asked her to help me clean it, 5 she just said “Do it yourself” instead of helping me. Finally, I had to tidy (整理) my room alone in front of my friends, embarrassingly (尴尬地). Because of my “lazy mother”, I have to help do 6 like making dinner and washing clothes. I even have to go to the dentist by 7 . It is hard for me to do these things well. but I have 8 a lot. As time goes by, I understand my mother. She makes me 9 . 10 good mother is worth (等值于) one hundred teachers! Don’t you think so? 1．A．lazy B．lazier C．the laziest D．laziest 2．A．invite B．invited C．am inviting D．invites 3．A．at B．on C．in D．to 4．A．watch B．watches C．is watching D．was watching 5．A．but B．so C．or D．and 6．A．chore B．chores C．chore’s D．chores’ 7．A．I B．me C．myself D．mine 8．A．teach B．taught C．learn D．learned 9．A．independence B．independent C．importance D．important 10．A．A B．An C．The D．/ Passage 3 （24-25八年级下广东省揭阳市惠来县第一中学·期末） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Dear Mum, Today is my first birthday I have spent far away from home. We haven’t seen each other since two months 1 . I miss you very much. A few days ago, we 2 the famous line in a poem “You don’t know what you’ve got until it’s gone.” Miss Li told us that her primary school teacher made a huge 3 in her life. She would tell her teacher how thankful she was if she had a chance. 4 she lost the chance forever. This made me think a lot, especially when I’m 5 kilometres away from home. I am writing you this letter to let you know how much I love you. When I was 3 years old, you held my hand and counted steps with me. I also remember that in our small flat, you read quietly 6 your desk and I played with my toys on the bed nearby. On cool autumn mornings, we walked along the street, 7 about something interesting and laughing together. My childhood was full of these warm memories. Time flies! But you have been always by my side. 8 I won the swimming prize, you were proud of me. When I failed my maths exam, you said I would do it 9 the next time. Your words told me what I should do with all my difficulties. Now when I have problems, I always think of your words. I’m always living a happy life and it’s all because of you. 10 lucky girl I am to be your child! Thank you, Mum. Love, Feifei 1．A．before B．later C．ago 2．A．learn B．learned C．learning 3．A．different B．differently C．difference 4．A．But B．And C．So 5．A．thousand B．thousand of C．thousands of 6．A．on B．at C．in 7．A．talk B．talking C．talked 8．A．When B．Until C．Before 9．A．good B．better C．the best 10．A．How B．What C．What a 主题04 人与自我——动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西省宝鸡市陈仓区·期末） Qomolangma is known as 1 highest mountain in the world. It is 8,848 meters 2 and covered with snow 3 year round. 4 it is extremely cold, many climbers still try to reach its top. But our world has other wonders too. Elephants are the largest land animals. An adult elephant can be 4 meters tall and weigh 5 6,000 kg! Pandas, however, are 6 popular animals in China and they are now a symbol of China. They mainly live in Sichuan and eat bamboo. Last summer, I visited the Chengdu Research Base with my parents. While we 7 through the park, we saw baby pandas playing. A worker told us that they 8 over 100 pandas since 1990. She said, “Pandas are 9 than elephants, but they need our protection too.” This trip taught me that all animals are important. We must protect them together and show some love 10 them. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．high B．higher C．highest D．the highest 3．A．all B．none C．both D．neither 4．A．Although B．Because C．So D．But 5．A．near B．nearly C．nearby D．nearest 6．A．the most B．more C．most D．much 7．A．walk B．walked C．were walking D．are walking 8．A．saves B．saved C．have saved D．is saving 9．A．smaller B．small C．smallest D．much small 10．A．to B．at C．for D．with Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东省揭阳市惠来县第一中学·期末） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 The giraffe has a very long neck and four long and thin legs. It is the tallest living animal on land. Its front legs are 1 than its back legs. An adult giraffe can be five meters tall. It can run very 2 —about 30 miles an hour. It is brown and yellow. Giraffes are from Africa. They can 3 up to 25 years in the wild. They do not like being alone and they live in groups of six or more. To find food, they travel over 4 large area and don’t have a fixed (固定的) home. They spend most of a day 5 . The leaves, flowers and fruit at the top of trees 6 their main food, and they also eat grass and plants. A mother giraffe is pregnant (怀孕的) 7 about 15 months and only has one baby. It gives birth while standing up. 8 a baby giraffe’s first experience in the world is to fall several meters from the ground! Within one hour of being born, the baby giraffe is on its feet searching for milk from 9 mother. The baby giraffe can weigh 60 kilos at birth and it stops growing when it is 10 years old. 1．A．long B．longer C．the longest 2．A．fast B．fastly C．faster 3．A．lived B．are living C．live 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．eat B．eating C．to eat 6．A．is B．are C．were 7．A．from B．by C．for 8．A．So B．But C．When 9．A．it B．it’s C．its 10．A．tenth B．ten C．the ten Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省湛江市雷州市·期末） 请通读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 根据语法和上下文连贯的要求, 从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案, 并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Here is a story about two heroes. Bob was a young jockey (赛马骑师) 1 a bright future. One day he fell off his horse. 2 he went to see a doctor, the doctor found that he had cancer. So he received treatment (治疗). The medical treatment made 3 very weak. At times, he nearly died. At the same time, there was a horse called Aldaniti. The horse got a serious injury (伤) 4 . The doctor advised the horse’s trainer 5 the horse’s life. But he refused. He looked after Aldaniti for several years and the 6 injuries got better. Day by day, Bob got 7 , too. He knew his condition couldn’t be as good as before, but he didn’t give up his job. Eight months later, he returned to the training and rode Aldaniti in 8 important race. Now, Bob decided to join in a national race with Aldaniti. People watching the race knew all about their fights against the illness and pain. They 9 Aldaniti and Bob were real sporting heroes. Everyone wished that they 10 enjoy playing together and have a happy ending. 1．A．to B．with C．for 2．A．When B．Although C．Before 3．A．he B．him C．his 4．A．unluck B．unlucky C．unluckily 5．A．ended B．ending C．to end 6．A．horse B．horse’s C．horses 7．A．good B．better C．the best 8．A．an B．a C．the 9．A．think B．will think C．thought 10．A．could B．should C．must 主题01 人与自我——个人经历 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省潮州市湘桥区·期末） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应选项涂黑。 Climbing mountains is hard but really exciting. Every year, 1 climbers try to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma. Mark is one of them. Last year, he chose 2 a challenge. It was hard for him to take in air as he climbed higher. 3 the most terrible weather conditions, each step needs three breaths. Suddenly, Mark couldn’t get his legs out of ice 4 they were not stuck (被困住) on anything. Weak and tired, he realized he was dying. Mark knew he couldn’t sleep and he 5 keep awake. So he said to himself, “Remember Sir Edmund Hillary who said it’s not the mountain we conquer (征服) but ourselves. Conquer yourself, Mark.” Then he continued his climbing one step after another, three breaths for one step. 6 voice “Conquer yourself, Mark.” is always in his mind. Finally, he stood on the top of the mountain. Of course, he 7 many problems since he began this hobby. However, he always believes humans are 8 than the force of nature. Mark once said, “The mountains will never lower themselves, we must rise up when facing 9 .” To achieve our dream, we need to cheer 10 up and keep trying. The more problems you meet, the more you can learn from them. 1．A．thousands B．thousand of C．thousands of 2．A．having B．to have C．have 3．A．With B．Among C．From 4．A．because B．although C．unless 5．A．could B．may C．must 6．A．The B．A C．/ 7．A．was meeting B．will meet C．has met 8．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 9．A．difficult B．difficultly C．difficulties 10．A．us B．ourselves C．our Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东省汕头市金平区·期末） 在每小题所给的三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Huang Chunyan, a woman climber, was born into a village in Guizhou province. In her childhood, adults told her that women 1 marry young and depend on men. “What can a girl achieve?” they often asked. Huang never agreed with them. As she grew up, Huang found solace (慰藉) in the mountains around her village. “In the mountains, I feel so brave 2 I think anything can be possible.” She developed a strong interest 3 mountain climbing. She decided that one day she would stand on the world’s 4 point. After many years of training and lots of tests, Huang turned 5 into a full-time mountain climber. In 2017, she got 6 place in a Qomolangma climbing team. It had 21 members, including three women. That year, she was 35 years old. “Standing on the top of an 8,000-meter mountain is many 7 dream. I felt it was like a dream come true when I 8 at the top of the mountain,” Huang said. With her 9 , Huang feels the need to help more teenagers. She set up a teenager climbing team several years ago and 10 its leader since then. She hopes more children can follow in her footsteps. She wants to show them that they can achieve their dreams if they trust themselves and work hard enough. 1．A．should B．could C．can 2．A．but B．that C．unless 3．A．in B．on C．under 4．A．higher B．highest C．the highest 5．A．her B．hers C．herself 6．A．a B．an C．the 7．A．climbers B．climber’s C．climbers’ 8．A．stand B．is standing C．was standing 9．A．success B．succeed C．successful 10．A．was B．has been C．will be Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西省咸阳市永寿县·期末） When I was fourteen years old, I made my first visit to the United States. It wasn’t the 1 time I had been abroad. Like many English children, I had been to France many times. So when I 2 to America, I thought I would have a nice and easy holiday without any language problem. How wrong I 3 ! The misunderstanding began at the airport. I was looking for a public telephone 4 my friend Danny that I had arrived. 5 friendly old man saw me looking lost and asked if I needed any help. “Yes,” I said, “I want to give my friend a ring.” “Well, that’s nice,” he said. “Are you getting married? But aren’t you too young?” “Who is talking 1 marriage (结婚)?” I replied. “I only want to call my friend and tell him I’ve arrived. Can you tell me 2 ?” “Oh,” he said, “there is a phone downstairs.” 1 at last we met, Danny explained the misunderstanding to me. “Don’t worry,” he said to me. “I had so many difficulties (困难) at first. There are lots of words which Americans use 2 in meaning from British people. You’ll soon get used to all the funny 3 they say. Most of the time, British and American people understand each other.” 1．A．one B．first C．two D．second 2．A．go B．will go C．am going D．went 3．A．am B．are C．was D．were 4．A．ask B．to ask C．tell D．to tell 5．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 6．A．to B．in C．about D．with 7．A．where is the phone box B．where the phone box is C．how is the phone box D．how the phone box is 8．A．When B．Before C．But D．If 9．A．lucky B．luckily C．different D．differently 10．A．thing B．things C．man D．men 主题02 人与社会——志愿服务 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省河源市江东新区·期末） Volunteering is a great way to help others. For example, you can help your classmates with their homework or you can talk with 1 elderly person. Helping others can actually help yourself, too. 2 a girl called Jane. She worked as a volunteer 3 the Hillside Soup Kitchen when she was 16 years old. She 4 there for three years. The soup kitchen serves different kinds of food, drinks and snacks to hungry families. “I like helping other people. And I think I can learn a lot from it, too. Volunteering gives me a chance to meet many people 5 helps me communicate with people. For example, I have made many good 6 there,” says Jane. Every Saturday, Jane wakes up early and goes to the soup kitchen after having breakfast. The soup kitchen is not far away from 7 home. It takes Jane fifteen minutes 8 there. “The families are very friendly,” she says. “I always say hello 9 before I give them food, and they always say thank you to me.” When Jane sees the smiles on their faces, she feels much 10 . She will help more people in the future. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．It is B．There is C．They are 3．A．at B．by C．with 4．A．works B．is working C．has worked 5．A．so B．or C．and 6．A．friend B．friends C．friends’ 7．A．her B．she C．hers 8．A．get B．got C．to get 9．A．kind B．kindly C．kindness 10．A．happy B．happier C．the happiest Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西省渭南市澄城县·期末） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Dancing to beautiful Yi ethnic (民族的) music, over 500 people enjoyed the Buma Music Festival on September 16. The festival started 1 2021. It was held by a band called Wild Sounds. Why did the band do that? 2 they went to Liangshan to collect Yi songs in 2018, the band met a local boy. “His clothes were old and dirty, but his eyes 3 so bright.” said Chisha, the leader of the band. “I knew he wanted to see 4 world outside the mountains with his eyes.” Many local teenagers feel sad that they 5 the money to go to university. “I also grew up in the mountains, but I’m 6 than these children,” said Chisha, “I can get out of the mountains for higher education and learn music. I want to help 7 see a bigger world.” The band decided 8 something. They started the Buma Music Festival. “Through the festival, Liangshan is helping the children by sharing its music.” said Chisha, “Music 9 help make the world a better place.” According to Chisha, the Buma Music Festival 10 more than ten Liangshan teenagers go to university so far. This year, at least 10 more will get help. 1．A．on B．in C．for D．at 2．A．When B．Until C．If D．So 3．A．is B．was C．are D．were 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．don’t have B．don’t had C．not have D．not had 6．A．lucky B．luckier C．luckiest D．most lucky 7．A．their B．theirs C．they D．them 8．A．do B．doing C．to do D．does 9．A．should B．shouldn’t C．can D．can’t 10．A．has helped B．helped C．is helping D．help Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省阳江市江城区·期末） When talking about a hero (英雄), who do you think of? A police officer? A doctor? Well, the truth is that all people, 1 they are men or women, rich or poor, old or young, can be a hero. In fact, some of 2 acts in the world have actually been done by children. Earlier this year, three children from Chongqing surprised millions in China with 3 quick thinking and brave actions when trying to save their friend. The accident 4 in a car park. A girl fell over a wall several meters high. Two boys saw it and 5 grabbed (抓住) her arms. They held onto her for several minutes to stop her from dropping while shouting 6 help. At the same time, another girl was standing at the foot of the wall. She was waiting 7 her friend in case (以防) the boys couldn’t hold onto her. Luckily, some 8 arrived in time and saved the girl. The young children’s actions 9 many people online. Some said that the children saved not only the girl, but also her family. 10 great thing the three children did! 1．A．when B．whether C．although 2．A．great B．greater C．the greatest 3．A．their B．them C．themselves 4．A．was happening B．happens C．happened 5．A．quickly B．quick C．quickest 6．A．for B．at C．on 7．A．caught B．to catch C．catching 8．A．adult B．adult’s C．adults 9．A．have moved B．will move C．are moving 10．A．What an B．What a C．How 主题03 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西省咸阳市礼泉县·期末） Mrs Zhao from Beijing went to a zoo in Shanghai. There 1 all kinds of animals at the zoo. She saw a cute otter (水獭) and took out her phone 2 a video of it, but the phone fell into the water. The otter’s name is You Tao. He saw the phone in the water and 3 jumped into the water. He soon found the phone and gave it to a zookeeper (动物园管理员). 4 zookeeper then gave the phone to Mrs Zhao. Mrs Zhao was very happy to get her phone back. To thank You Tao, she gave a pennant (锦旗) to the zoo. “My phone 5 by You Tao before. I’ll make a trip to see 6 again” said Mrs Zhao. You Tao was the first among these 7 in the zoo to get a pennant. So the zookeeper gave him 8 fish to eat for his dinner than usual. Otters like You Tao at the zoo 9 to pick up things in the water for a long time. The zookeeper says You Tao is very smart and he is good at doing this. The zoo wants people to see 10 the cute animal does and stop throwing rubbish into the water. 1．A．was B．had C．be D．were 2．A．record B．to record C．change D．to change 3．A．sadly B．sad C．quickly D．quick 4．A．The B．An C．A D．/ 5．A．saved B．is saved C．saves D．was saved 6．A．his B．him C．he D．himself 7．A．animal B．animals’ C．animals D．animal’s 8．A．many B．more C．few D．fewer 9．A．will learn B．are learning C．learn D．have learned 10．A．what B．that C．when D．where Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东省揭阳市惠来县第一中学期末） The giraffe has a very long neck and four long and thin legs. It is the tallest living animal on land. Its front legs are 1 than its back legs. An adult giraffe can be five meters tall. It can run very 2 —about 30 miles an hour. It is brown and yellow. Giraffes are from Africa. They can 3 up to 25 years in the wild. They do not like being alone and they live in groups of six or more. To find food, they travel over 4 large area and don’t have a fixed (固定的) home. They spend most of a day 5 . The leaves, flowers and fruit at the top of trees 6 their main food, and they also eat grass and plants. A mother giraffe is pregnant (怀孕的) 7 about 15 months and only has one baby. It gives birth while standing up. 8 a baby giraffe’s first experience in the world is to fall several meters from the ground! Within one hour of being born, the baby giraffe is on its feet searching for milk from 9 mother. The baby giraffe can weigh 60 kilos at birth and it stops growing when it is 10 years old. 1．A．long B．longer C．the longest 2．A．fast B．fastly C．faster 3．A．lived B．are living C．live 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．eat B．eating C．to eat 6．A．is B．are C．were 7．A．from B．by C．for 8．A．So B．But C．When 9．A．it B．it’s C．its 10．A．tenth B．ten C．the ten Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西省安康市·期末） Do you know marmots (土拨鼠)? Recently, many people 1 in love with the cute marmots in the movie Ne Zha 2. People even try to buy real marmots online as pets. However, it’s a dangerous action. Marmots 2 a common kind of animals in northwest China. They are the second class protected animals in China. They are used 3 in cool mountains, open deserts, and rocky hills. They usually feed 4 fresh grass, apples or vegetables. They are also good at digging holes and each 5 has a special use. 6 marmots may look cute, they carry plague bacteria (鼠疫细菌). It can cause 7 deadly illnesses. For example, the Black Death killed over 100 million people. It was one of 8 serious plagues in human history. People can 9 catch it through small cuts. While marmots’ round faces might make 10 harmless (无害的), the government reminds everyone to keep a safe distance when meeting wild marmots and never keep marmots as pets, touch or feed them. 1．A．fall B．will fall C．are falling D．have fallen 2．A．am B．is C．are D．be 3．A．to record B．to recording C．to live D．to living 4．A．for B．on C．in D．to 5．A．hole B．holes C．a hole D．the hole 6．A．If B．Because C．Though D．And 7．A．many B．much C．few D．little 8．A．least B．the least C．most D．the most 9．A．difficult B．difficultly C．simple D．simply 10．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 语法选择 主题01 人与自我——方法哲理 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省汕头市潮南区陈店公校·期末） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Do you know about the Dragon Boat Festival? It is 1 traditional festival in our country. It is on 2 day of the 5th lunar month. On that day, people in some places celebrate the festival by having dragon boat races. What’s more, 3 zongzi on that day is another custom (风俗). Then do you know how 4 zongzi? Here is a way. To make zongzi, you need to have some glutinous rice (糯米), some red dates (枣), some reed leaves (粽叶) and some strings (绳). Of course, you 5 have other things like meat and salted duck eggs. First, put the glutinous rice 6 the water and cook it for two hours. 7 the same time, wash some reed leaves and red dates. If you want to eat zongzi with meat, cut the meat into pieces. Next, shape the reed leaves 8 hand. Then, fill them with the glutinous rice and red dates or meat pieces and tie them with strings. Finally, put them in a pot and cook them for about three 9 . When you eat them, you can add some honey or sugar to the bowl. If you make too many, you can keep 10 in a fridge. Remember to heat them fully before eating. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．five B．fifth C．the fifth 3．A．eat B．to eat C．eating 4．A．to make B．made C．making 5．A．also can B．can also C．are also 6．A．on B．into C．at 7．A．On B．At C．In 8．A．by B．through C．with 9．A．seconds B．days C．hours 10．A．theirs B．they C．them 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文围绕端午节展开，介绍了端午节一些习俗，重点讲述了包粽子的方法，体现了端午节这一传统节日在人们“生活”中的重要意义和特色。 1．句意：它是我们国家的一个传统节日。 a不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。根据“It is...traditional festival in our country.”可知，这里表示“一个”传统节日，是泛指，“traditional”以辅音音素开头，此处要用“a”。故选A。 2．句意：它在农历五月的第五天。 five五，基数词；fifth第五，序数词，缺少the；the fifth第五，正确表达。根据“It is on...day of the 5th lunar month.”可知，表示日期要用序数词，且序数词前一般加“the”，要用“the fifth”。故选C。 3．句意：此外，在那天吃粽子是另一个习俗。 eat吃，动词原形；to eat动词不定式；eating动名词。根据“What’s more...zongzi on that day is another custom (风俗).”可知，这里“eating zongzi on that day”是动名词短语作主语，表示“在那天吃粽子”这件事。故选C。 4．句意：那么你知道怎么包粽子吗？ to make动词不定式；made过去式和过去分词；making动名词。根据“Then do you know how...zongzi?”可知，“how to do sth.”是固定结构，表示“如何做某事”。要用“to make”。故选A。 5．句意：当然，你也可以准备其他东西，比如肉和咸鸭蛋。 also can顺序错误；can also正确；are also错误表达。根据“Of course, you...have other things like meat and salted duck eggs.”可知，“also”在句中的位置通常是放在情态动词、助动词、be动词之后，实义动词之前，“can”是情态动词，“also”要放在“can”之后。故选B。 6．句意：首先，把糯米放进水里煮两个小时。 on在……上；into到……里面；at在（小地点）。根据“First, put the glutinous rice...the water and cook it for two hours.”可知，“put...into...”是固定短语，表示“把……放进……里”。故选B。 7．句意：同时，洗一些粽叶和红枣。 On在具体某一天；At在；In在……里面。根据“...the same time, wash some reed leaves and red dates.”可知，“at the same time”是固定短语，表示“同时”。故选B。 8．句意：接下来，用手把粽叶塑形。 by用；through通过（方式、手段等）；with用（工具等）。根据“Next, shape the reed leaves...hand.”可知，“by hand”是固定短语，表示“用手”。故选A。 9．句意：最后，把它们放进锅里煮大约三个小时。 seconds秒；days天；hours小时。根据“Finally, put them in a pot and cook them for about three...”并结合常识可知，粽子煮三个小时比较合理。故选C。 10．句意：如果你做了太多，你可以把它们放在冰箱里。 theirs他们的（东西），名词性物主代词；they他们，主格；them他们，宾格。根据“If you make too many, you can keep...in a fridge.”可知，这里“keep”是动词，后面要用宾格“them”。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西省安康市旬阳市·期末） What can lead you to success? The most important thing is what you do every day. It is very simple. Your habits will decide if you will be 1 in the future. If you have strong, healthy and good habits, it doesn’t matter whether 2 fail or not today, because you are sure to succeed in the end. Having good habits does not mean that you will succeed every time in the future. However, if it 3 long, you will make all your goals come true and be successful. But if you have serious bad habits, you are sure to fail 4 last. Why are habits so important? Because you repeat the same action every day. Single (单一的) good action will not change your life, 5 the same action repeated 1,000 times will have 6 important effect (影响) on your life. How can you 7 good habits? There is nothing easier than developing good habits. If you want to develop a habit, you 8 do the action every day. If you want to develop the habit of eating 9 food, eat healthily every day. If you want to develop the habit of reading, read every day. The more you do an action, the 10 it becomes in the end. 1．A．success B．succeed C．successful D．successfully 2．A．your B．you C．yourself D．yours 3．A．goes B．go C．will go D．went 4．A．in B．at C．on D．to 5．A．but B．so C．and D．or 6．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 7．A．have B．had C．having D．has 8．A．may B．may not C．mustn’t D．must 9．A．unhealthily B．unhealthy C．healthy D．healthily 10．A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．easily 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文论述了习惯对成功的重要性，强调每日重复的行动最终会形成决定性影响。 1．句意：你的习惯将决定你未来是否成功。 success成功，名词；succeed成功，动词；successful成功的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词。空处位于“be”后，修饰“you”，填形容词作表语。故选C。 2．句意：如果你有强大、健康和良好的习惯，今天你失败与否都不重要，因为你最终肯定会成功。 your你的，形容词性物主代词；you你，主格；yourself你自己，反身代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词。空处位于动词”fail“前，作主语，用代词主格的you。故选B。 3．句意：然而，如果它持续很长时间，你会实现你所有的目标，获得成功。 goes持续，动词三单形式；go持续，动词原形；will go将持续，一般将来时结构；went持续了，动词过去式。此句为if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”。空处位于从句，用一般现在时，主语为“it”，动词用三单形式。故选A。 4．句意：但是如果你有严重的坏习惯，你最后肯定会失败。 in在……里；at在……；on在……上；to到……。根据“you are sure to fail”可知，此处指坏习惯最终会导致失败。at last“最后”，固定搭配。故选B。 5．句意：单一的好行动不会改变你的生活，但同样的行动重复千次会对你的生活产生重要影响。 but但是；so所以；and和；or或者。根据“Single (单一的) good action will not change your life”和“the same action repeated 1,000 times”以及“important effect (影响) on your life.”可知，前后句为转折关系，单一的动作不会对生活有影响，但是重复的动作会对生活产生影响。填表示转折关系的连词but。故选A。 6．句意：单一的好行动不会改变你的生活，但同样的行动重复千次会对你的生活产生重要影响。 the这个，表示特指；a一个，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。“effect”为可数名词单数，首次提到，表示泛指，且“important”是以元音音素开头的单词，用an修饰。故选C。 7．句意：你如何养成好习惯？ have拥有，动词原形；had拥有，动词过去式；having拥有，动词现在分词；has拥有，动词三单形式。空处位于情态动词“can”后，填动词原形。故选A。 8．句意：如果你想养成一个习惯，你必须每天都做这个动作。 may可以；may not不可以；mustn’t禁止；must必须。根据“If you want to develop a habit”可知，为了养成习惯，必须重复动作。强调每天坚持的强制性，用must。故选D。 9．句意：如果你想养成吃健康食物的习惯，那就每天吃健康的食物。 unhealthily不健康地，副词；unhealthy不健康的，形容词；healthy健康的，形容词；healthily健康地，副词。空处修饰名词“food”，填形容词，作定语。根据“eat healthily every day”可知，此处指吃健康的食物。故选C。 10．句意：你做一个行动越多，它最终会变得越容易。 easy容易的，形容词原级；easier更容易的，形容词比较级；easiest最容易的，形容词最高级；easily容易地，副词。分析句子结构可知，此句为“the+比较级，the +比较级”“越……就越……”结构。空处填形容词比较级，作表语。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆市铜梁区·期末） In a warm nest in a big tree, there lived a little bird named Sky. He was young and always wanted to know about the world outside. Every day, 1 bird watched other big birds flying freely. “I want to fly like them!” he thought. One sunny morning, Sky decided to try flying. His heart beat fast— 2 but a little scared. He stood at the nest’s edge (边缘). His mother said softly, “You can 3 it! Open your wings (翅膀) and try!” Sky took a deep breath. He opened his wings and jumped into the air. At 4 , it worked! But then strong wind pushed 5 sideways. Sky got scared. He flapped (扇动) his wings hard, but couldn’t fly well. When he almost fell, he remembered his 6 words. He calmed down, kept his wings straight, and turned slowly. Soon, he flew 7 ! Flying higher, Sky saw beautiful things below: colorful flowers, green fields, and a shiny river. “Wow!” he cried 8 . After some time, Sky flew back 9 home. His mother smiled. “Great job! Your first flight is good!” she said. From that day, Sky became braver than before. He flew over the forest, made new friends, and flew to many places. He learned: 10 you try bravely, you can do anything! 1．A．the B．a C．an 2．A．excited B．excite C．exciting 3．A．did B．do C．does 4．A．once B．firstly C．first 5．A．him B．she C．he 6．A．mother’s B．mother C．mothers 7．A．good B．better C．best 8．A．happy B．unhappy C．happily 9．A．to B．for C．/ 10．A．Whether B．If C．Though 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了小鸟Sky勇敢尝试并成功完成第一次飞行，之后变得更勇敢，还明白了只要勇敢尝试就能做成任何事的道理。 1．句意：每天，这只小鸟看着其他大鸟自由地飞翔。 the这（那）个，表特指；a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前。此处特指前文提到的小鸟Sky，所以用定冠词the，故选A。 2．句意：他的心跳得很快——兴奋但有点害怕。 excited感到兴奋的，修饰人；excite使兴奋，动词；exciting令人兴奋的，修饰物。此处描述小鸟的心情，应用excited，故选A。 3．句意：你能做到的！张开翅膀试试！ did做，do的过去式；do做，动词原形；does做，do的第三人称单数形式。情态动词can后接动词原形，故选B。 4．句意：起初，成功了！ once一旦；firstly首先，强调顺序；first第一，起初。“at first”是固定短语，意为“起初”，故选C。 5．句意：但后来强风把他推向一边。 him他，宾格；she她，主格；he他，主格。此处作动词pushed的宾语，指代小鸟Sky，应用宾格him，故选A。 6．句意：当他几乎要掉下去的时候，他想起了妈妈的话。 mother’s妈妈的，名词所有格；mother妈妈，名词；mothers妈妈们，名词复数。此处修饰名词words，应用名词所有格形式，故选A。 7．句意：很快，他飞得更好了！ good好的，原级；better更好，比较级；best最好，最高级。此处暗含与之前飞行状态的比较，应用比较级，故选B。 8．句意：“哇！”他高兴地喊道。 happy高兴的，形容词；unhappy不高兴的，形容词；happily高兴地，副词。此处修饰动词cried，应用副词，故选C。 9．句意：过了一会儿，Sky飞回家了。 to到，向；for为了；/不填。“home”是副词，前面不加介词，“fly back home”意为“飞回家”，故选C。 10．句意：他明白了：如果你勇敢地尝试，你可以做任何事！ Whether是否；If如果；Though尽管。根据句意，此处表示假设关系，应用If，故选B。 主题02 人与社会——历史文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西省榆林市榆阳区第六中学·期末） Su Shi was a very famous poet. People also called him Dongpo. He loved writing poems and wanted to serve 1 country. He also truly loved life. When he was sent to Huangzhou, he didn’t feel sad. Every morning, he got up early 2 on the farm and planted vegetables by himself. In Huangzhou, many families raised some 3 , so pork (猪肉) was common. But rich people didn’t like it, and poor people 4 how to cook it well. One day, a guest came to his home. Su Shi decided to cook pork for 5 guest. He boiled the pork first, then 6 it slowly with yellow wine and spices (黄酒和香料). After that, he went to play chess 7 the guest. He was so engrossed* in the game 8 he forgot about the pork. When he remembered, he thought the pork was burnt. But when he checked, the pork looked red and smelled great. It 9 soft and very delicious. After that, Su Shi often cooked the pork like this. People loved it, and it became a 10 dish called “Dongpo Pork”. *The word “engrossed” means sth. interests you so much that you do not notice anything else. 1．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 2．A．sleep B．to sleep C．work D．to work 3．A．pigs B．pig C．horses D．horse 4．A．not knew B．not know C．didn’t know D．don’t know 5．A．a B．the C．an D．/ 6．A．is cooking B．will cook C．cooks D．cooked 7．A．with B．to C．at D．on 8．A．while B．or C．that D．unless 9．A．were B．was C．are D．be 10．A．busy B．busily C．famous D．famously 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了宋代诗人苏轼（苏东坡）被贬黄州后，不沮丧，亲自耕种劳动。当地猪肉常见，但富人不爱吃穷人不会做。一次待客时，他用黄酒和香料慢炖猪肉，因下棋忘记时间，结果发现猪肉红亮香软，非常美味。此后这种做法流传开来，成为名菜“东坡肉”。 1．句意：他热爱写诗，并且想要服务他的国家。 此处表示“他的国家”，应使用形容词性物主代词his来修饰“country”，his“他的”，符合题意。he“他”，主格；him“他”，宾格；himself“他自己”，反身代词，均不能作定语。 2．句意：每天早上，他早起去农场劳动，并自己种菜。 get up early to do sth.表示“早起做某事”，此处用动词不定式to work作目的状语，且后文“planted”与“work”是并列动作。sleep意为“睡觉”，不符合语境。 3．句意：在黄州，许多家庭养了一些猪，所以猪肉很常见。 由后文“pork”可知，此处指养猪，some修饰可数名词复数，pigs要用复数形式。pig和horse均为单数不能与some连用，horses意为“马”，与猪肉无关。 4．句意：但富人不爱吃猪肉，穷人不知道如何把它做得好吃。 全文叙述过去事件，应使用一般过去时。主语“poor people”为复数，否定形式为didn’t know。not knew语法错误，not know缺少助动词，don’t know为一般现在时。 5．句意：苏轼决定为这位客人做猪肉。 上文提到“A guest came to his home”，此处再次提及这位客人，表示特指，应使用定冠词the。a/an表示泛指，此处不合适。 6．句意：他先把猪肉煮一下，然后用黄酒和香料慢炖它。 句子描述过去一连串动作，谓语动词应使用一般过去时，动词要用过去式。“boiled”与“and”后的动词应时态一致，cooked符合题意。is cooking“正在煮”，现在进行时；will cook“将要煮”，一般将来时；cooks“煮”，一般现在时，均不符合题意。 7．句意：之后，他与客人下棋去了。 play chess with sb.为固定搭配，意为“与某人下棋”。to/at/on均不能与play chess构成正确搭配。 8．句意：他如此专注于棋局，以至于忘记了猪肉。 so…that…为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。while“当……时”；or“否则”；unless“除非”，均不符合逻辑。 9．句意：它口感软嫩，非常美味。 主语“It”指代猪肉，为单数；全文为一般过去时，应使用动词的过去式，所以be动词用was。were用于复数，are为一般现在时，be为动词原形，均不符合题意。 10．句意：人们喜爱它，它成为一道著名的菜肴，叫作“东坡肉”。 修饰名词dish应使用形容词，famous意为“著名的”，符合这道菜后来成为有名的“东坡肉”的语境。busy“忙碌的”；busily“忙碌地”，副词；famously“著名地”，副词，均不符合语境。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东潮州江海实验中学·期末） 在每小题所给的三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Long long ago, there was a young man called Gongsun Mu. He came from a poor family, 1 it never stopped him from learning more knowledge. He wanted 2 to the top school, the Tai Xue. However, the cost was too high for him. To make money, he decided to work as a farmer for Wu You, who was a rich man and wanted some farmers to pound (捣碎) rice. One day, while Gongsun Mu 3 , Wu You happened to pass by. Wu guessed Gongsun didn’t do much farm work before, so he had a talk with Gongsun. During 4 communication, Wu You found that Gongsun was really talented. At that time, it was unusual for a rich man to show so 5 kindness to a poor man. Wu didn’t care 6 Gongsun was at all. Instead, what Wu cared was Gongsun’s knowledge and talent. In the following days, Wu You helped Gongsun Mu get used to the farm work. Besides, Wu always shared his life experience 7 Gongsun. Soon they became good friends 8 they had different social status (地位). Later, Wu even offered a lot of money to Gongsun. With Wu’s help, Gongsun was able to continue 9 study at the Tai Xue. The story between them is remembered by people because it 10 us what a real friendship should be. 1．A．and B．but C．or 2．A．to go B．going C．go 3．A．works B．worked C．was working 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．many B．much C．more 6．A．who B．where C．how 7．A．with B．among C．between 8．A．until B．unless C．although 9．A．he B．his C．him 10．A．tell B．told C．tells 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述公孙穆因无法承担上太学的学费而去做农活赚钱，在此期间得到了富人吴佑的赏识成为朋友，并在吴佑的帮助下重回太学读书的故事。 1．句意：他来自一个贫困家庭，但是这并没有阻碍他学习更多的知识。 根据上下文，来自贫困家庭与没有阻碍他学习之间构成转折关系，应用but。 2．句意：他想去最高学府——太学读书。 根据空前的want可知，其后一般接不定式作宾语，want to do sth.“想要做某事”。 3．句意：一天，当公孙穆正在干活的时候，吴佑恰好路过。 while引导时间状语从句，强调动作正在发生，且全文语境为过去时，应用was working。 4．句意：在交谈期间，吴佑发现公孙穆非常有才华。 上文提到“so he had a talk with Gongsun”，此处的communication则特指这一次交流，应用the。 5．句意：在当时，富人向穷人表现出如此多的善意是不同寻常的。 kindness“善意”是不可数名词，应用much修饰。many“许多的”用来修饰可数名词，more“更多的”用在比较级中，此处并未体现出比较关系，均排除。 6．句意：吴佑并不在乎公孙穆是谁。 don’t care后面接宾语从句，从句中was后面缺少表语，需要用连接代词，应用who。where和how均为连接副词。 7．句意：此外，吴佑经常与公孙穆分享他的人生经验。 share sth. with sb.“与某人分享某物”，应用with。 8．句意：尽管他们有不同的社会地位，但是很快，他们二人就成为了好朋友。 根据上下文，有不同的社会地位和成为好朋友之间构成让步转折关系，应用although。 9．句意：在吴佑的帮助下，公孙穆得以继续他在太学的学业。 空后的study“学业”在这里是名词，前面用形容词性物主代词进行修饰限定，应用his。 10．句意：人们铭记着两人之间的故事，因为它告诉我们真正的友谊应该是什么样的。 根据上文“is remembered”可知，本句为一般现在时，表述客观事实。because引导本句的原因状语从句，it作从句的主语，谓语用第三人称单数tells。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省佛山市南海区南海外国语学校·期末） “Stove-boiled tea”, a new way of drinking tea, is becoming the latest slow-living lifestyle 1 young people. People sit around, boil tea leaves over a charcoal stove (碳炉), and then enjoy the tea with delicious snacks. Sometimes, they add flowers or milk to make the tea taste much 2 . This activity helps people feel warm and 3 during the colder months. Some people, wearing traditional Hanfu clothing, also post their love of stove-boiled tea. “Stove-boiled tea” is inexpensive. 4 some information online showing that these tea services usually cost about 50 RMB per person. “Stove-boiled tea” is also a latest “Guo Chao”. You may have heard of coffee art, 5 have you ever heard of a similar (相似的) art in a cup of tea? lt’s called Dian Cha. The Dian Cha artists create beautiful pictures with froth (泡沫) and tea paste (茶膏) which act as 6 and ink. “Stove-boiled tea” is similar to 7 popular lifestyles such as cycling and camping. It shows young people’s wish 8 away from cities in order to experience a peaceful mind. It’s really relaxing to drink hot tea and talk with best friends. Some topics about “Stove-boiled tea” 9 millions of views on Weibo so far. For example, the topic “ 10 wonderful it is to have stove-boiled tea in winter!” has got over 18 million views. “Stove-boiled tea” warms the body and heart, letting young people enjoy tea culture and find peace in busy life. 1．A．between B．with C．among 2．A．well B．better C．good 3．A．relax B．relaxed C．relaxing 4．A．It is B．They are C．There is 5．A．so B．or C．but 6．A．papers B．paper C．paper’s 7．A．others B．other C．another 8．A．to run B．run C．running 9．A．have got B．got C．get 10．A．What B．What a C．How 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了“围炉煮茶”成为年轻人新潮的慢生活休闲方式，他们围坐炭炉边煮茶配茶点，感到温暖放松。 1．句意：“围炉煮茶”作为一种新式饮茶方式，正逐渐成为年轻人中最新的慢生活生活方式。 “在……之中”用among。between用于两者之间，with表示伴随均不符合。 2．句意：有时，他们会加入鲜花或牛奶，使茶的味道更好。 much修饰比较级，good的比较级为better。 3．句意：这项活动帮助人们在较冷的月份感到温暖和放松。 feel后接形容词，形容人的感受用relaxed（感到放松的）；relaxing指事物令人放松。 4．句意：网上有一些信息显示，这些茶服务通常每人花费约50元人民币。 information为不可数名词，用There is。It is指代不明，They are不搭配。 5．句意：你或许听说过咖啡艺术，但你可曾听说过茶中也有类似的艺术形式呢？ 前后转折，用but。so表因果，or表选择。 6．句意：点茶艺人以茶沫、茶膏为纸为墨，创作出精美的画作。 paper在此为不可数名词，表“纸张”，不加s。paper’s所有格错误。 7．句意：“围炉煮茶”和骑行、露营等其他热门生活方式十分相似。 other修饰复数名词lifestyles。another后接单数，others后不接名词。 8．句意：这体现了年轻人逃离城市、寻求内心宁静的愿望。 wish to do sth.，不定式作定语。 9．句意：一些关于“围炉煮茶”的话题在微博上迄今已获得数百万浏览量。 so far与现在完成时连用，主语复数用have got。 10．句意：例如，“冬日围炉煮茶多惬意”这一话题，浏览量已超1800万。 感叹句结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语，What a后接名词短语，此处为形容词wonderful，应该用how感叹。 主题03 人与自我——朋友 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省茂名市·期末） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Parents often have very strong feelings when they think about their children getting older. Maybe that’s why a father’s simple video of his daughter became 1 than expected. The video, in just under two minutes, shows the love between parent and child. And it also shows 2 she changed from a little girl to a young woman. Ray, a dad, loves his daughter very much. He 3 a sweet habit since Elizabeth’s kindergarten (幼儿园) days. Every first school day, he filmed short talks 4 Elizabeth. He started in her kindergarten and kept going until her last high school year. “At first, I wanted to talk to her on camera in kindergarten 5 what she was like back then,” Ray said. Each year, he asked his daughter what she wanted to do when she grew up, and each time, she 6 gave different answers. In the last video, Elizabeth, now grown up, asked her father if 7 is going to cry. You can hear his voice shake (颤抖) behind 8 camera because of her question. This story shows the strong feelings parents have as they see their children grow up: feeling happy and proud 9 a little sad about them not being little kids anymore. In the video, love is the most important thing parents can give during their 10 growth. It also tells us to enjoy the time we have and to love our parents. 1．A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular 2．A．how B．why C．what 3．A．had B．has had C．will have 4．A．in B．with C．from 5．A．see B．seeing C．to see 6．A．happy B．happily C．happiness 7．A．he B．him C．his 8．A．a B．an C．the 9．A．or B．and C．but 10．A．child B．children C．children’s 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位父亲Ray从女儿Elizabeth上幼儿园开始，每年在女儿开学的第一天拍摄一段简短的对话视频，记录女儿成长过程的故事。 1．句意：也许这就是为什么一个父亲拍摄的关于他女儿的简单视频比预期更受欢迎的原因。 popular 受欢迎的；more popular 更受欢迎的；the most popular 最受欢迎的。根据“than expected”可知，此处应用比较级形式more popular表示 “比预期更受欢迎”。故选B。 2．句意：它也展示了她是如何从一个小女孩变成一个年轻的女人的。 how如何；why为什么；what什么。根据“she changed from a little girl to a young woman”可知，此处指展示了她如何从一个女孩变成一个年轻女性，应用how引导宾语从句。故选A。 3．句意：自从伊丽莎白上幼儿园以来，他就养成了一个可爱的习惯。 had有，过去式；has had有，现在完成时；will have有，一般将来时。根据“since Elizabeth’s kindergarten days”可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示从过去某个时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。故选B。 4．句意：每个开学的第一天，他都会和伊丽莎白进行简短的交谈并拍摄下来。 in在……里面；with和……一起；from从……起。根据“filmed short talks…Elizabeth”可知，此处指和伊丽莎白进行简短的交谈，应用介词with。故选B。 5．句意：一开始，我想在幼儿园的镜头前和她谈谈，看看她当时是什么样子。 see看见，动词原形；seeing看见，动名词；to see看见，动词不定式。根据“I wanted to talk to her on camera in kindergarten…what she was like back then”可知，此处指和她交谈是为了看看她当时是什么样子，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。 6．句意：每年，他都会问女儿长大后想做什么，每次，她都会开心地给出不同的答案。 happy开心的，形容词；happily开心地，副词；happiness开心，名词。根据“gave different answers”可知，此处应用副词happily修饰动词gave，表示“开心地给出答案”。故选B。 7．句意：在最后一个视频中，已经长大的伊丽莎白问她的父亲他是否会哭。 he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，物主代词。根据“asked her father if…is going to cry”可知，此处指问她的父亲他是否会哭，应用主格形式he作主语。故选A。 8．句意：由于她的问题，你可以听到他在相机后面的声音在颤抖。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，特指。根据“behind…camera”可知，此处特指在相机后面，应用定冠词the。故选C。 9．句意：这个故事展示了父母看到孩子长大时的强烈感受：为他们不再是小孩子而感到高兴和自豪，但也有点难过。 or或者；and和；but但是。根据“feeling happy and proud…a little sad”可知，此处指感到高兴和自豪，但也有点难过，应用连词but表示转折。故选C。 10．句意：在视频中，爱是父母在孩子成长过程中能给予的最重要的东西。 child孩子，单数；children孩子们，复数；children’s孩子们的。根据“growth”可知，此处指孩子们的成长，应用名词所有格children’s修饰名词growth。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西省宝鸡市·期末） When I had something difficult to do, I used to ask my mother for help. But she always said, “Do it yourself.” I was not happy at all. I thought she was 1 mother in the world! For example, one day, I 2 some friends to my home. When we arrived home, I found my bedroom was 3 a mess. My mother 4 TV then. I asked her to help me clean it, 5 she just said “Do it yourself” instead of helping me. Finally, I had to tidy (整理) my room alone in front of my friends, embarrassingly (尴尬地). Because of my “lazy mother”, I have to help do 6 like making dinner and washing clothes. I even have to go to the dentist by 7 . It is hard for me to do these things well. but I have 8 a lot. As time goes by, I understand my mother. She makes me 9 . 10 good mother is worth (等值于) one hundred teachers! Don’t you think so? 1．A．lazy B．lazier C．the laziest D．laziest 2．A．invite B．invited C．am inviting D．invites 3．A．at B．on C．in D．to 4．A．watch B．watches C．is watching D．was watching 5．A．but B．so C．or D．and 6．A．chore B．chores C．chore’s D．chores’ 7．A．I B．me C．myself D．mine 8．A．teach B．taught C．learn D．learned 9．A．independence B．independent C．importance D．important 10．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文通过作者对母亲“懒惰”的抱怨，最终领悟到母亲培养自己独立性的良苦用心，说明一位好母亲胜过百位老师。 【详解】1．句意：我认为她是世界上最懒的母亲！ lazy懒惰的，形容词原级；lazier更懒惰的，形容词比较级；the laziest最懒惰的，the加形容词最高级；laziest最懒惰的，形容词最高级。根据“mother in the world”可知，空处用形容词最高级作定语，有比较范围，形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故选C。 1．句意：例如，有一天我邀请了一些朋友来家里。 invite邀请，动词原形；invited邀请，动词过去式；am inviting邀请，动词现在进行时结构；invites邀请，动词三单形式。根据“one day”可知，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，动词用过去式作谓语。故选B。 3．句意：当我到家时，我发现我的卧室一团糟。 at在；on在……上；in在……里；to到。根据“I asked her to help me clean it,”可知，卧室是乱的。be in a mess“混乱”，固定搭配。故选C。 4．句意：当时我母亲正在看电视。 watch观看，动词原形；watches观看，动词三单形式；is watching观看，动词现在进行时结构；was watching观看，动词过去进行时结构。根据“then”可知，此处指作者到家时，母亲正在看电视。过去某一时刻正在发生的动作用过去进行时。故选D。 5．句意：我请她帮忙打扫，但她只说“自己做”而不是帮我。 but但是；so所以；or或者；and和。根据“instead of helping me”可知，前后句是转折关系，虽然请求母亲帮忙，但是母亲没有帮。填表示转折关系的连词but。故选A。 6．句意：因为我的“懒母亲”，我不得不帮忙做晚饭和洗衣服等家务。 chore家务，可数名词单数；chores家务，可数名词复数；chore’s家务的，单数名词所有格形式；chores’家务的，复数名词所有格形式。空处位于动词“do”后，空前无冠词修饰，空后无名词，填可数名词复数作宾语。故选B。 7．句意：我甚至不得不自己去看牙医。 I我，主格；me我，宾格；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“Do it yourself”可知，此处指作者独自一人去看牙医。by oneself“独自”，空处填反身代词。故选C。 8．句意：对于我来说做好这些事情很难。但我学到了很多。 teach教，动词原形；taught教，动词过去式或过去分词；learn学习，动词原形；learned学习，动词过去式或过去分词。根据“have”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，结构为have done，空处填动词过去分词。独自做一些事情，会从中学习到很多。故选D。 9．句意：她让我变得独立。 independence独立，名词；independent独立的，形容词；importance重要性，名词；important重要的，形容词。“make sb.+形容词”是固定结构，表示“使某人……”。空处填形容词作宾语补足语。根据“Do it yourself”可知，自己做事情会变得独立。故选B。 10．句意：一个好母亲等值于一百个老师！ A一个，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；An一个，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；The这个，表特指；/零冠词。“mother”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且“good”是以辅音音素开头的单词，用A修饰。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下广东省揭阳市惠来县第一中学·期末） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Dear Mum, Today is my first birthday I have spent far away from home. We haven’t seen each other since two months 1 . I miss you very much. A few days ago, we 2 the famous line in a poem “You don’t know what you’ve got until it’s gone.” Miss Li told us that her primary school teacher made a huge 3 in her life. She would tell her teacher how thankful she was if she had a chance. 4 she lost the chance forever. This made me think a lot, especially when I’m 5 kilometres away from home. I am writing you this letter to let you know how much I love you. When I was 3 years old, you held my hand and counted steps with me. I also remember that in our small flat, you read quietly 6 your desk and I played with my toys on the bed nearby. On cool autumn mornings, we walked along the street, 7 about something interesting and laughing together. My childhood was full of these warm memories. Time flies! But you have been always by my side. 8 I won the swimming prize, you were proud of me. When I failed my maths exam, you said I would do it 9 the next time. Your words told me what I should do with all my difficulties. Now when I have problems, I always think of your words. I’m always living a happy life and it’s all because of you. 10 lucky girl I am to be your child! Thank you, Mum. Love, Feifei 1．A．before B．later C．ago 2．A．learn B．learned C．learning 3．A．different B．differently C．difference 4．A．But B．And C．So 5．A．thousand B．thousand of C．thousands of 6．A．on B．at C．in 7．A．talk B．talking C．talked 8．A．When B．Until C．Before 9．A．good B．better C．the best 10．A．How B．What C．What a 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是作者写给妈妈的信，表达了对妈妈的爱和感激，信中主要回忆了童年时期妈妈给予的陪伴和鼓励。 1．句意：我们自从两个月前就没有见过面了。 before在……以前；later后来；ago以前。根据空前的“We haven’t seen each other since two months”可知，此处表示自从两个月前就没有见过面了。故选C。 2．句意：几天前，我们学到了一首诗中的一句名言：“当你失去时，你才知道你曾经拥有过什么。” learn学到，动词原形；learned过去式；learning现在分词。根据空前的“A few days ago”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，此处应用动词的过去式形式。故选B。 3．句意：李老师告诉我们，她的小学老师对她的生活产生了巨大的影响。 different不同的，形容词；differently不同地，副词；difference差异，单数名词。make a huge difference“产生巨大影响”，固定词组。故选C。 4．句意：但是她永远失去了这个机会。 But但是；And和；So因此。根据空前后句的句意可知，此处句意发生了转折。故选A。 5．句意：这让我思考了很多，尤其是当我离家几千公里的时候。 thousand千；thousand of错误形式；thousands of成千上万。分析句子结构可知，空前没有数词，所以此处应用thousands of。故选C。 6．句意：我还记得，在我们的小公寓里，你静静地坐在桌子旁看书，我在旁边的床上玩玩具。 on在……上面；at在；in在……里面。根据空后的“your desk”可知，此处指在桌子旁看书。故选B。 7．句意：在凉爽的秋天的早晨，我们沿着街道散步，一起谈论着有趣的事情，一起笑着。 talk谈话，动词原形；talking现在分词；talked过去式。根据句子结构及句意可知，此处指我们散步时谈论有趣的事情，用现在分词表伴随。故选B。 8．句意：当我赢得游泳比赛时，你为我感到骄傲。 When当……时；Until直到；Before在……之前。根据下文“When I failed my maths exam, you said I would do it…the next time.”可知，此处指当我赢得游泳比赛时。故选A。 9．句意：当我数学考试不及格时，你说我下次会考得更好。 good好的，形容词原级；better更好，比较级；the best最好的，最高级。根据空后的“the next time”可知，此处应用比较级。故选B。 10．句意：我是一个多么幸运的女孩，能成为你的孩子！ How多么，中心词为形容词或副词；What多么，中心词为名词复数或不可数名词；What a多么，中心词为可数名词单数。分析句子结构可知，中心词girl是可数名词单数，且lucky是辅音音素开头的单词，符合感叹句“What a+adj+名词单数+主语+谓语”的结构。故选C。 主题04 人与自我——动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西省宝鸡市陈仓区·期末） Qomolangma is known as 1 highest mountain in the world. It is 8,848 meters 2 and covered with snow 3 year round. 4 it is extremely cold, many climbers still try to reach its top. But our world has other wonders too. Elephants are the largest land animals. An adult elephant can be 4 meters tall and weigh 5 6,000 kg! Pandas, however, are 6 popular animals in China and they are now a symbol of China. They mainly live in Sichuan and eat bamboo. Last summer, I visited the Chengdu Research Base with my parents. While we 7 through the park, we saw baby pandas playing. A worker told us that they 8 over 100 pandas since 1990. She said, “Pandas are 9 than elephants, but they need our protection too.” This trip taught me that all animals are important. We must protect them together and show some love 10 them. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．high B．higher C．highest D．the highest 3．A．all B．none C．both D．neither 4．A．Although B．Because C．So D．But 5．A．near B．nearly C．nearby D．nearest 6．A．the most B．more C．most D．much 7．A．walk B．walked C．were walking D．are walking 8．A．saves B．saved C．have saved D．is saving 9．A．smaller B．small C．smallest D．much small 10．A．to B．at C．for D．with 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了珠穆朗玛峰、大象、熊猫等世界奇观，并讲述了作者去年夏天参观成都研究基地的经历，强调了保护动物的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。 a一个，不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the这个，定冠词，表特指；/不填。根据“highest mountain in the world”可知，此处是“the+最高级+比较范围”的结构，表示“在……中最……”。故选C。 2．句意：它高8848米，终年积雪。 high高的，形容词原级；higher更高的，形容词比较级；highest最高的，形容词最高级；the highest最高的，形容词最高级前加定冠词。根据“8, 848meters”可知，此处是描述珠穆朗玛峰的高度，用原级即可。故选A。 3．句意：它高8848米，终年积雪。 all所有的；none没有一个；both两者都；neither两者都不。根据“covered with snow...year round”可知，此处是固定短语all year round表示“全年，终年”。故选A。 4．句意：尽管那里非常冷，许多登山者仍然试图到达山顶。 Although尽管；Because因为；So所以；But但是。根据“it is extremely cold, many climbers still try to reach its top”可知，前后两句是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。 5．句意：一头成年大象可以长到4米高，重近6000公斤！ near在……附近；nearly几乎；nearby附近的；nearest最近的。根据“weigh...6, 000 kg”可知，此处指重量将近6000公斤，用nearly修饰。故选B。 6．句意：然而，熊猫是中国最受欢迎的动物，现在它们是中国的象征。 the most最多的，最高级；more更多的，比较级；most最多的，最高级；much许多，修饰不可数名词。根据“popular animals in China”可知，此处指在中国最受欢迎的动物，用最高级，且最高级前加定冠词the。故选A。 7．句意：当我们正在公园里散步时，我们看到了熊猫宝宝在玩耍。 walk散步，动词原形；walked散步，动词过去式；were walking正在散步，过去进行时；are walking正在散步，现在进行时。根据“While we...through the park”可知，此处是while引导的时间状语从句，从句用进行时，结合“saw”可知，此处用过去进行时。故选C。 8．句意：一位工作人员告诉我们，自1990年以来，他们已经拯救了100多只大熊猫。 saves拯救，动词三单形式；saved拯救，动词过去式；have saved拯救，现在完成时；is saving拯救，现在进行时。根据“since 1990”可知，此处用现在完成时。故选C。 9．句意：她说：“熊猫比大象小，但它们也需要我们的保护。” smaller更小的，形容词比较级；small小的，形容词原级；smallest最小的，形容词最高级；much small错误表达。根据“than elephants”可知，此处用比较级。故选A。 10．句意：我们必须一起保护它们，并向它们表达我们的爱。 to到；at在；for为了；with和……一起。根据“show some love...them”可知，此处是固定短语show sth. to sb.表示“向某人展示某物”。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东省揭阳市惠来县第一中学·期末） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 The giraffe has a very long neck and four long and thin legs. It is the tallest living animal on land. Its front legs are 1 than its back legs. An adult giraffe can be five meters tall. It can run very 2 —about 30 miles an hour. It is brown and yellow. Giraffes are from Africa. They can 3 up to 25 years in the wild. They do not like being alone and they live in groups of six or more. To find food, they travel over 4 large area and don’t have a fixed (固定的) home. They spend most of a day 5 . The leaves, flowers and fruit at the top of trees 6 their main food, and they also eat grass and plants. A mother giraffe is pregnant (怀孕的) 7 about 15 months and only has one baby. It gives birth while standing up. 8 a baby giraffe’s first experience in the world is to fall several meters from the ground! Within one hour of being born, the baby giraffe is on its feet searching for milk from 9 mother. The baby giraffe can weigh 60 kilos at birth and it stops growing when it is 10 years old. 1．A．long B．longer C．the longest 2．A．fast B．fastly C．faster 3．A．lived B．are living C．live 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．eat B．eating C．to eat 6．A．is B．are C．were 7．A．from B．by C．for 8．A．So B．But C．When 9．A．it B．it’s C．its 10．A．tenth B．ten C．the ten 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了长颈鹿的外形特征、生活习性及繁殖特点。 1．句意：它的前腿比后腿长。 long长的，形容词原级；longer更长的，形容词比较级；the longest最长的，形容词最高级。根据“than”可知，空处用比较级。故选B。 2．句意：它能跑得非常快——每小时约30英里。 fast快，副词；fastly错误形式；faster更快地。空处修饰动词“run”，用副词原级。故选A。 3．句意：它们在野外能生存至多25年。 lived生存，动词过去式；are living正在生存，现在进行时结构；live生存，动词原形。空处位于情态动词“can”后，填动词原形。故选C。 4．句意：它们为寻找食物会穿越一大片区域，并且没有固定的住所。 a一个，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，表特指。“area”为可数名词单数，首次出现，表示泛指，且“large”是以辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故选A。 5．句意：它们一天大部分时间都花在吃上。 eat吃，动词原形；eating吃，动名词或现在分词；to eat吃，动词不定式。spend time doing“花费时间做某事”，空处填动名词形式。故选B。 6．句意：树顶的叶子、花和果实是它们的主要食物，且它们也吃草和植物。 is是，主语为单数或不可数名词；are是，主语为复数或you；were是，are的过去式。此处描述事实用一般现在时。主语“leaves, flowers and fruit”是复数，用are。故选B。 7．句意：一只长颈鹿妈妈怀孕约15个月，但只生一只长颈鹿宝宝。 from从；by通过；for达。根据“about 15 months”可知，此处表示时间持续多久用for。故选C。 8．句意：所以长颈鹿宝宝在世界上第一次经历是从离地面几米处坠落！ So所以；But但是；When当……时。根据“It gives birth while standing up.”和“to fall several meters from the ground”可知，前后句是因果关系，前因后果，因为长颈鹿站着生产，所以长颈鹿宝宝会跌落到地面。故选A。 9．句意：出生后的一小时内，长颈鹿宝宝会站起来寻找它母亲的乳汁。 it它，主格；it’s它是；its它的，形容词性物主代词。空后有名词，此处需用形容词性物主代词作定语。故选C。 10．句意：长颈鹿宝宝出生时重60公斤，并在它10岁时停止生长。 tenth第十，序数词；ten十，基数词；the ten十，基数词。根据“years old”可知，此处表示年龄，要用基数词，且不需要用the。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省湛江市雷州市·期末） 请通读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 根据语法和上下文连贯的要求, 从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案, 并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Here is a story about two heroes. Bob was a young jockey (赛马骑师) 1 a bright future. One day he fell off his horse. 2 he went to see a doctor, the doctor found that he had cancer. So he received treatment (治疗). The medical treatment made 3 very weak. At times, he nearly died. At the same time, there was a horse called Aldaniti. The horse got a serious injury (伤) 4 . The doctor advised the horse’s trainer 5 the horse’s life. But he refused. He looked after Aldaniti for several years and the 6 injuries got better. Day by day, Bob got 7 , too. He knew his condition couldn’t be as good as before, but he didn’t give up his job. Eight months later, he returned to the training and rode Aldaniti in 8 important race. Now, Bob decided to join in a national race with Aldaniti. People watching the race knew all about their fights against the illness and pain. They 9 Aldaniti and Bob were real sporting heroes. Everyone wished that they 10 enjoy playing together and have a happy ending. 1．A．to B．with C．for 2．A．When B．Although C．Before 3．A．he B．him C．his 4．A．unluck B．unlucky C．unluckily 5．A．ended B．ending C．to end 6．A．horse B．horse’s C．horses 7．A．good B．better C．the best 8．A．an B．a C．the 9．A．think B．will think C．thought 10．A．could B．should C．must 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了赛马骑师鲍勃和赛马阿尔达尼蒂在面对伤病时都没有放弃，最终一起参加全国比赛的故事。 1．句意：鲍勃是一个有着光明未来的年轻骑师。 to到；with带有；for为了。根据“a bright future”可知，此处指有着光明未来，用介词with表示伴随。故选B。 2．句意：当他去看医生时，医生发现他得了癌症。 When当……时；Although虽然；Before在……之前。根据“he went to see a doctor, the doctor found that he had cancer”可知，当他去看医生时，医生发现他得了癌症，用When引导时间状语从句。故选A。 3．句意：治疗使他非常虚弱。 he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，物主代词。根据“The medical treatment made...very weak.”可知，此处指治疗使他虚弱，动词made后接宾格him作宾语。故选B。 4．句意：这匹马不幸受了重伤。 unluck错误表达；unlucky不幸的，形容词；unluckily不幸地，副词。根据“The horse got a serious injury”可知，此处指不幸受了重伤，用副词unluckily修饰动词got。故选C。 5．句意：医生建议马匹训练师结束马的生命。 ended结束，动词过去式；ending结束，动名词或现在分词；to end结束，动词不定式。根据“advised the horse’s trainer...the horse’s life.”可知，此处指建议结束马的生命，advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式。故选C。 6．句意：他照顾了阿尔达尼蒂好几年，马的伤势有所好转。 horse马；horse’s马的；horses马，复数形式。根据“injuries”可知，此处指马的伤势，用名词所有格horse’s作定语。故选B。 7．句意：一天又一天，鲍勃也变得好多了。 good好的；better更好；the best最好。根据“too”和“He knew his condition couldn’t be as good as before”可知，此处指鲍勃的身体状况也比之前好多了，用比较级better。故选B。 8．句意：八个月后，他回到训练场，骑着阿尔达尼蒂参加了一场重要的比赛。 an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the这个，特指。根据“important race”可知，此处指一场重要的比赛，important以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故选A。 9．句意：他们认为阿尔达尼蒂和鲍勃是真正的体育英雄。 think认为，动词原形；will think认为，一般将来时；thought认为，动词过去式。根据“People watching the race knew all about their fights against the illness and pain.”可知，此处指看比赛的人们认为他们是真正的体育英雄，根据knew可知，时态为一般过去时，所以空处用动词过去式。故选C。 10．句意：每个人都希望他们能一起快乐地玩耍，有一个幸福的结局。 could能；should应该；must必须。根据“Everyone wished that they...enjoy playing together and have a happy ending.”可知，此处指人们希望他们能一起快乐地玩耍，用could表示能力。故选A。 主题01 人与自我——个人经历 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省潮州市湘桥区·期末） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应选项涂黑。 Climbing mountains is hard but really exciting. Every year, 1 climbers try to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma. Mark is one of them. Last year, he chose 2 a challenge. It was hard for him to take in air as he climbed higher. 3 the most terrible weather conditions, each step needs three breaths. Suddenly, Mark couldn’t get his legs out of ice 4 they were not stuck (被困住) on anything. Weak and tired, he realized he was dying. Mark knew he couldn’t sleep and he 5 keep awake. So he said to himself, “Remember Sir Edmund Hillary who said it’s not the mountain we conquer (征服) but ourselves. Conquer yourself, Mark.” Then he continued his climbing one step after another, three breaths for one step. 6 voice “Conquer yourself, Mark.” is always in his mind. Finally, he stood on the top of the mountain. Of course, he 7 many problems since he began this hobby. However, he always believes humans are 8 than the force of nature. Mark once said, “The mountains will never lower themselves, we must rise up when facing 9 .” To achieve our dream, we need to cheer 10 up and keep trying. The more problems you meet, the more you can learn from them. 1．A．thousands B．thousand of C．thousands of 2．A．having B．to have C．have 3．A．With B．Among C．From 4．A．because B．although C．unless 5．A．could B．may C．must 6．A．The B．A C．/ 7．A．was meeting B．will meet C．has met 8．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 9．A．difficult B．difficultly C．difficulties 10．A．us B．ourselves C．our 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍马克攀登珠峰遇困境，凭信念坚持登顶，传达勇于挑战精神。 1．句意：每年，成千上万的登山者尝试登上珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。 thousands数千，复数形式；thousand of表达错误；thousands of成千上万的。这里是说每年有成千上万的登山者尝试登顶珠峰，表示不确定的“成千上万的”时要用“thousands of”。故选C。 2．句意：去年，他选择去接受一项挑战。 having有，现在分词；to have有，不定式；have有，原形。此处表示“他选择去接受一个挑战”，所以要用动词不定式“to have”，意思是“选择做某事”（choose to do sth）。故选B。 3．句意：在最恶劣的天气条件下，每一步都需要喘三次气。 With伴随；在……情况下；Among在……当中；From从……起。此处描述登山时所处的环境状况，在句中作伴随状语，使用“With”在这里表示“伴随；在……情况下”的含义。故选A。 4．句意：突然，马克无法把腿从冰里拔出来，尽管它们没有被任何东西困住。 because因为；although尽管；unless除非。从句子逻辑看，“Mark couldn’t get his legs out of ice”和“they were not stuck on anything”是让步关系，即“尽管腿没被东西困住，但还是拔不出来”。“although”引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”，符合这种逻辑。故选B。 5．句意：马克知道自己不能睡觉，他必须保持清醒。 could能够；may可以；must必须。根据前文“He realized he was dying. Mark knew he couldn’t sleep”可知，这种危急情况下，他“必须”保持清醒，“must”表示“必须；一定”，强调必要性。故选C。 6．句意：“征服你自己，马克”这个声音一直回荡在他脑海里。 The表示特指的人或事；A表示泛指“一个”，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。这里“the voice”特指前文提到的“Conquer yourself, Mark.”这个声音 ，是独一无二、明确所指的，应使用定冠词“the”用于特指。故选A。 7．句意：当然，自从他开始这个爱好以来，他已经遇到了很多问题。 was meeting正在会面，过去进行时；will meet将见面，一般将来时；has met已经会面，现在完成时。“since”引导时间状语从句时，从句常用一般过去时（“since he began this hobby”中“began”是过去式），主句要用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”。主语“he”是第三人称单数，所以用“has met”，表示“自从他开始这个爱好以来，他已经遇到了很多问题”。故选C。 8．句意：然而，他一直相信人类比自然的力量更强大。 strong强壮的；stronger更强壮的；the strongest最强大的。“than”是比较级的标志词，表明这里要用形容词的比较级形式。“strong”的比较级是“stronger”，表示“人类比自然力量更强大”。故选B。 9．句意：马克曾经说过：“山永远不会降低自己，我们面对困难时必须振作起来”。 difficult困难的；difficultly困难地；difficulties困难，名词的复数形式。“face”是及物动词，后面需要接名词作宾语，这里“facing difficulties”表示“面对困难（复数，指各类困难情况）”，符合语境说面对登山等过程中的各种困难。故选C。 10．句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们需要让自己振作起来并不断努力。 us我们；ourselves我们自己；our我们的。“cheer oneself up”意为“使自己振作起来”，句子主语是“we”，对应的反身代词是“ourselves”，表示“为了实现梦想，我们需要让自己振作起来并不断尝试”。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东省汕头市金平区·期末） 在每小题所给的三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Huang Chunyan, a woman climber, was born into a village in Guizhou province. In her childhood, adults told her that women 1 marry young and depend on men. “What can a girl achieve?” they often asked. Huang never agreed with them. As she grew up, Huang found solace (慰藉) in the mountains around her village. “In the mountains, I feel so brave 2 I think anything can be possible.” She developed a strong interest 3 mountain climbing. She decided that one day she would stand on the world’s 4 point. After many years of training and lots of tests, Huang turned 5 into a full-time mountain climber. In 2017, she got 6 place in a Qomolangma climbing team. It had 21 members, including three women. That year, she was 35 years old. “Standing on the top of an 8,000-meter mountain is many 7 dream. I felt it was like a dream come true when I 8 at the top of the mountain,” Huang said. With her 9 , Huang feels the need to help more teenagers. She set up a teenager climbing team several years ago and 10 its leader since then. She hopes more children can follow in her footsteps. She wants to show them that they can achieve their dreams if they trust themselves and work hard enough. 1．A．should B．could C．can 2．A．but B．that C．unless 3．A．in B．on C．under 4．A．higher B．highest C．the highest 5．A．her B．hers C．herself 6．A．a B．an C．the 7．A．climbers B．climber’s C．climbers’ 8．A．stand B．is standing C．was standing 9．A．success B．succeed C．successful 10．A．was B．has been C．will be 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了贵州女子登山家黄春燕的故事。 1．句意：在她小时候，大人们告诉她，女人应该早结婚，依靠男人。 should应该；could能够；can能，可以。“marry young and depend on men”符合传统观念中对女性的期望，是女性“应该”遵守的规则。故选A。 2．句意：在山里，我感到如此勇敢，以至于我认为一切都有可能。 but但是；that那个；unless除非。so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，符合“因勇敢而产生一切皆有可能的”想法逻辑。故选B。 3．句意：她对登山产生了浓厚的兴趣。 in在……里；on在……上；under在……下面。develop an interest in sth.“对某事产生兴趣”，固定短语。故选A。 4．句意：她决定有一天要站在世界的最高点。 higher更高的，比较级；highest最高的，最高级；the highest最高的，最高级。根据“one day she would stand on the world’s...point”及常识可知，登山者的目标往往是对“最高”山峰的挑战，且设空处前已有名词所有格限定修饰，所以最高级前无需再有定冠词the。故选B。 5．句意：经过多年的训练和多次测试，黄把自己变成了一名全职登山者。 her她，人称代词宾格；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。本句强调黄春燕自己成为一名全职登山者，宾语与主语指代同一人，所以选填反身代词。故选C。 6．句意：2017 年，她入选了一支珠峰登山队。 a一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词表特指。此处泛指登山队的一个名额，且place为辅音音素开头，所以选填a。故选A。 7．句意：站在 8000 米高的山顶是许多登山者的梦想。 climbers登山者，名词复数；climber’s单数名词所有格；climbers’复数名词所有格。根据“...dream”可知，此处指“登山者的”梦想，应用名词所有格表示；结合many后接可数名词复数，所以选项C符合句意及语法要求。故选C。 8．句意：当我站在山顶时，我感觉这就像梦想成真。 stand站立，动词原形；is standing现在进行时；was standing过去进行时。根据“I felt it was like a dream come true when I...at the top of the mountain”可知，“站在山顶”是过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时“was/were doing”结构表达，主语为I，be动词用was。故选C。 9．句意：凭借自己的成功，黄觉得有必要帮助更多的青少年。 success成功，名词；succeed成功，动词；successful成功的，形容词。形容词性物主代词her后需接名词。故选A。 10．句意：几年前她成立了一支青少年登山队，从那以后一直担任队长。 was是，主语为I和第三人称单数时be动词过去时；has been现在完成时；will be一般将来时。根据“since then”可知，本句时态为现在完成时。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西省咸阳市永寿县·期末） When I was fourteen years old, I made my first visit to the United States. It wasn’t the 1 time I had been abroad. Like many English children, I had been to France many times. So when I 2 to America, I thought I would have a nice and easy holiday without any language problem. How wrong I 3 ! The misunderstanding began at the airport. I was looking for a public telephone 4 my friend Danny that I had arrived. 5 friendly old man saw me looking lost and asked if I needed any help. “Yes,” I said, “I want to give my friend a ring.” “Well, that’s nice,” he said. “Are you getting married? But aren’t you too young?” “Who is talking 1 marriage (结婚)?” I replied. “I only want to call my friend and tell him I’ve arrived. Can you tell me 2 ?” “Oh,” he said, “there is a phone downstairs.” 1 at last we met, Danny explained the misunderstanding to me. “Don’t worry,” he said to me. “I had so many difficulties (困难) at first. There are lots of words which Americans use 2 in meaning from British people. You’ll soon get used to all the funny 3 they say. Most of the time, British and American people understand each other.” 1．A．one B．first C．two D．second 2．A．go B．will go C．am going D．went 3．A．am B．are C．was D．were 4．A．ask B．to ask C．tell D．to tell 5．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 6．A．to B．in C．about D．with 7．A．where is the phone box B．where the phone box is C．how is the phone box D．how the phone box is 8．A．When B．Before C．But D．If 9．A．lucky B．luckily C．different D．differently 10．A．thing B．things C．man D．men 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者14岁时第一次去美国的经历。 1．句意：这不是我第一次出国。 one一（基数词）；first第一（序数词）；two二（基数词）；second第二（序数词）。根据下文“I had been to France many times”可知，作者不是第一次出国，所以空处应选序数词first表示顺序。故选B。 2．句意：所以当我去美国的时候，我想我会度过一个没有任何语言问题的轻松愉快的假期。 go去（动词原形）；will go将去（一般将来时）；am going正在去（现在进行时）；went去（过去式）。根据“I thought I would have a nice and easy holiday”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处应选过去式went。故选D。 3．句意：我错得有多离谱啊！ am是（主语是I，用于一般现在时和现在进行时）；are是（主语是you或表示复数，用于一般现在时和现在进行时）；was是（主语表示单数，过去式）；were是（主语表示复数，过去式）。此处表示过去的状态，应用一般过去时，主语I要与was连用。故选C。 4．句意：我在找一部公用电话，告诉我的朋友丹尼我已经到了。 ask询问（动词原形）；to ask询问（动词不定式）；tell告诉（动词原形）；to tell告诉（动词不定式）。根据“I was looking for a public telephone...my friend Danny that I had arrived.”可知，作者寻找公用电话的目的是告诉他的朋友他已经到了，所以此处应用动词不定式to tell作目的状语。故选D。 5．句意：一位友好的老人看到我迷路了，问我是否需要帮助。 A一个（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素前）；An一个（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素前）；The这个，那个（定冠词，表示特指）；/不填（零冠词）。此处泛指“一个友好的老人”，应用不定冠词，空后的friendly以辅音音素开头，所以空处应用A。故选A。 6．句意：谁在谈论结婚？ to到；in在……里面；about关于；with和。talk about sth.“谈论某事”。故选C。 7．句意：你能告诉我电话亭在哪里吗？ where is the phone box电话亭在哪里（疑问语序）；where the phone box is电话亭在哪里（陈述语序）；how is the phone box电话亭怎么样（疑问语序）；how the phone box is电话亭怎么样（陈述语序）。根据“Can you tell me...?”可知，空处是宾语从句，宾语从句应采用陈述语序，所以排除选项A和C；根据上文“I was looking for a public telephone”可知，作者正在找公用电话，所以问句用于询问对方是否能告知电话亭在哪里。故选B。 8．句意：当我们终于见面时，丹尼向我解释了误会。 When当……时；Before在……之前；But但是；If如果。根据“...at last we met, Danny explained the misunderstanding to me.”可知，当作者和丹尼见面时，他向作者解释了误会。故选A。 9．句意：有很多单词，美国人在使用时的含义与英国人不同。 lucky幸运的（形容词）；luckily幸运地（副词）；different不同的（形容词）；differently不同地（副词）。根据上文“I want to give my friend a ring.”和“Are you getting married?”可知，同一个词，美国人和英国人所理解的含义不同；结合“There are lots of words which Americans use...in meaning from British people.”可知，空处应选副词differently，用于修饰动词use。故选D。 10．句意：你很快就会习惯他们说的所有有趣的事情。 thing事情（单数形式）；things事情（复数形式）；man男人（单数形式）；men男人（复数形式）。根据“You’ll soon get used to all the funny...they say.”可知，此处指“他们说的有趣的事情”，且此处表示泛指，所以空处应用复数形式things。故选B。 主题02 人与社会——志愿服务 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省河源市江东新区·期末） Volunteering is a great way to help others. For example, you can help your classmates with their homework or you can talk with 1 elderly person. Helping others can actually help yourself, too. 2 a girl called Jane. She worked as a volunteer 3 the Hillside Soup Kitchen when she was 16 years old. She 4 there for three years. The soup kitchen serves different kinds of food, drinks and snacks to hungry families. “I like helping other people. And I think I can learn a lot from it, too. Volunteering gives me a chance to meet many people 5 helps me communicate with people. For example, I have made many good 6 there,” says Jane. Every Saturday, Jane wakes up early and goes to the soup kitchen after having breakfast. The soup kitchen is not far away from 7 home. It takes Jane fifteen minutes 8 there. “The families are very friendly,” she says. “I always say hello 9 before I give them food, and they always say thank you to me.” When Jane sees the smiles on their faces, she feels much 10 . She will help more people in the future. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．It is B．There is C．They are 3．A．at B．by C．with 4．A．works B．is working C．has worked 5．A．so B．or C．and 6．A．friend B．friends C．friends’ 7．A．her B．she C．hers 8．A．get B．got C．to get 9．A．kind B．kindly C．kindness 10．A．happy B．happier C．the happiest 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了志愿者Jane在Hillside Soup Kitchen帮助他人的经历及其感悟。 1．句意：你可以和一位老人聊天。 a一个（泛指）；an一个（元音音素开头）；the这个（特指）。空格后“elderly person”以元音音素/e/开头，需用不定冠词an表泛指。故选B。 2．句意：有一个叫Jane的女孩。 It is它是；There is有（存在句）；They are他们是。存在句结构“There is+单数名词”描述客观存在。故选B。 3．句意：她16岁时在Hillside Soup Kitchen做志愿者。 at在（后接小地点）；by通过；with和。固定搭配“work at+小地点”，表示“在……工作”。“the Hillside Soup Kitchen” 是小地点，用 “at”。故选A。 4．句意：她已在那里工作了三年。 works一般现在时；is working现在进行时；has worked现在完成时。时间状语“for three years”强调持续动作，需用现在完成时。故选C。 5．句意：志愿活动让我有机会结识许多人，并帮助我与他人沟通。 so因此；or或者；and并且。“meet people”与“helps me communicate”是并列关系，需用连词and连接。故选C。 6．句意：例如，我在那里交到了许多好朋友。 friend朋友（单数）；friends朋友（复数）；friends’朋友的（所有格）。 “many”修饰可数名词复数。故选B。 7．句意：Soup Kitchen离她家不远。 her她的（形容词性物主代词）；she她（主格）；hers她的（名词性物主代词）。空格后“home”需形容词性物主代词修饰。故选A。 8．句意：Jane到那里需要15分钟。 get动词原形；got过去式；to get不定式。此处是固定句型“It takes sb. time to do sth.”需用不定式。故选C。 9．句意：我在给他们食物前总是亲切地打招呼，他们总是对我说谢谢。 kind善良的（形容词）；kindly友好地（副词）；kindness善良（名词）。空格修饰动词“say hello”需用副词。故选B。 10．句意：当她看到他们脸上的笑容时，她感到更开心了。 happy高兴的（原级）；happier更高兴的（比较级）；the happiest最高兴的（最高级）。“much”修饰比较级，表示程度加深。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西省渭南市澄城县·期末） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Dancing to beautiful Yi ethnic (民族的) music, over 500 people enjoyed the Buma Music Festival on September 16. The festival started 1 2021. It was held by a band called Wild Sounds. Why did the band do that? 2 they went to Liangshan to collect Yi songs in 2018, the band met a local boy. “His clothes were old and dirty, but his eyes 3 so bright.” said Chisha, the leader of the band. “I knew he wanted to see 4 world outside the mountains with his eyes.” Many local teenagers feel sad that they 5 the money to go to university. “I also grew up in the mountains, but I’m 6 than these children,” said Chisha, “I can get out of the mountains for higher education and learn music. I want to help 7 see a bigger world.” The band decided 8 something. They started the Buma Music Festival. “Through the festival, Liangshan is helping the children by sharing its music.” said Chisha, “Music 9 help make the world a better place.” According to Chisha, the Buma Music Festival 10 more than ten Liangshan teenagers go to university so far. This year, at least 10 more will get help. 1．A．on B．in C．for D．at 2．A．When B．Until C．If D．So 3．A．is B．was C．are D．were 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．don’t have B．don’t had C．not have D．not had 6．A．lucky B．luckier C．luckiest D．most lucky 7．A．their B．theirs C．they D．them 8．A．do B．doing C．to do D．does 9．A．should B．shouldn’t C．can D．can’t 10．A．has helped B．helped C．is helping D．help 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了Wild Sounds乐队通过创办Buma音乐节帮助凉山彝族儿童实现教育梦想的故事。 1．句意：音乐节始于2021年。 on可以用在具体的日期或“星期几的上午/下午”等结构；in在，用于月份、季节、年份等较长的时间段；for为了；at在(某时间或时刻)。根据“2021”表示年份可知，in符合。故选B。 2．句意：2018年，当他们去凉山收集彝族歌曲时，乐队遇到了一个当地男孩。 When当……时；Until直到；If如果；So所以。根据“…they went to Liangshan to collect Yi songs in 2018, the band met a local boy”的语境可知，此处主从句动作同时发生。故选A。 3．句意：他的衣服又旧又脏，但他的眼睛很明亮。 is是，be的第三人称单数现在时形式；was是，be的第一和第三人称单数过去式；are是，be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式；were是，be的过去时复数和第二人称单数形式。句子时态为一般过去时，主语为“his eyes”，were符合。故选D。 4．句意：我知道他想用眼睛看山外的世界。 a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“…world outside the mountains”的语境可知，此处表示特指的含义。故选C。 5．句意：许多当地青少年因为没有钱上大学而感到难过。 don’t have没有；don’t had，语法错误；not have，无助动词；not had，语法错误。句子时态为一般现在时，此处是否定句，A项符合。故选A。 6．句意：我也在山里长大，但我比这些孩子幸运。 lucky幸运的；luckier更幸运的；luckiest最幸运的；most lucky，错误形式。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级形式。故选B。 7．句意：我想帮助他们看到一个更大的世界。 their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；they他们，人称代词主格；them他们，人称代词宾格。空处作宾语，用人称代词宾格them。故选D。 8．句意：乐队决定做点什么。 do做，动词原形；doing做，现在分词；to do做，不定式；does做，三单形式。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，是固定搭配。故选C。 9．句意：音乐能够让世界变得更美好。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；can能够；can’t不能。根据“Music …help make the world a better place.”的语境可知，此处指音乐能够让世界变得更美好。故选C。 10．句意：据赤沙介绍，Buma音乐节迄今已帮助十多名凉山青少年上大学。 has helped现在完成时；helped一般过去时；is helping现在进行时；help动词原形。根据“so far”可知，句子时态为现在完成时。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省阳江市江城区·期末） When talking about a hero (英雄), who do you think of? A police officer? A doctor? Well, the truth is that all people, 1 they are men or women, rich or poor, old or young, can be a hero. In fact, some of 2 acts in the world have actually been done by children. Earlier this year, three children from Chongqing surprised millions in China with 3 quick thinking and brave actions when trying to save their friend. The accident 4 in a car park. A girl fell over a wall several meters high. Two boys saw it and 5 grabbed (抓住) her arms. They held onto her for several minutes to stop her from dropping while shouting 6 help. At the same time, another girl was standing at the foot of the wall. She was waiting 7 her friend in case (以防) the boys couldn’t hold onto her. Luckily, some 8 arrived in time and saved the girl. The young children’s actions 9 many people online. Some said that the children saved not only the girl, but also her family. 10 great thing the three children did! 1．A．when B．whether C．although 2．A．great B．greater C．the greatest 3．A．their B．them C．themselves 4．A．was happening B．happens C．happened 5．A．quickly B．quick C．quickest 6．A．for B．at C．on 7．A．caught B．to catch C．catching 8．A．adult B．adult’s C．adults 9．A．have moved B．will move C．are moving 10．A．What an B．What a C．How 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了三位重庆儿童在停车场勇敢救下坠墙的女孩的经过，展现了平凡人也能成为英雄。 1．句意：事实是所有人，无论他们是男是女，富有还是贫穷，年老还是年轻，都能成为英雄。 when当；whether是否；although虽然。根据“they are men or women, rich or poor, old or young”可知，这里表达无论男女、贫富、老少，所以选“whether”。故选B。 2．句意：事实上，世界上一些最伟大的行为实际上是由孩子们完成的。 great伟大的，原级；greater更伟大的，比较级；the greatest最伟大的，最高级。根据“in the world”可知是在世界范围内比较，要用最高级。故选C。 3．句意：今年早些时候，重庆的三个孩子用他们敏捷的思维和勇敢的行动在试图拯救他们的朋友时震惊了数百万中国人。 their他们的，形容词性物主代词；them他们，宾格；themselves他们自己，反身代词。修饰名词“quick thinking and brave actions”，要用形容词性物主代词。故选A。 4．句意：事故发生在一个停车场。 was happening正在发生，过去进行时；happens发生，一般现在时；happened发生，一般过去时。根据“Earlier this year”可知是过去发生的事，要用一般过去时。故选C。 5．句意：两个男孩看到了，迅速抓住她的胳膊。 quickly迅速地，副词；quick迅速的，形容词；quickest最快的，形容词最高级。修饰动词“grabbed”，要用副词。故选A。 6．句意：他们抓住她几分钟，防止她掉落，同时大声呼救。 for为了；at在；on在上面。“shout for help”是固定短语，意为“呼救”。故选A。 7．句意：她在等她的朋友，以防男孩们抓不住她。 caught抓住，过去式；to catch抓住，动词不定式；catching抓住，现在分词。wait to do sth.“等着做某事”。故选B。 8．句意：幸运的是，一些成年人及时赶到并救了女孩。 adult成年人，单数；adult’s成年人的，名词所有格；adults成年人，复数。“some”后接可数名词复数。故选C。 9．句意：孩子们的行为在网上感动了许多人。 have moved已经感动，现在完成时；will move将会感动，一般将来时；are moving正在感动，现在进行时。根据“The young children’s actions…many people online.”可知，此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。故选A。 10．句意：这三个孩子做了多么伟大的事啊！ What an用于修饰以元音音素开头的可数名词单数；What a用于修饰以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数；How修饰形容词或副词。“thing”是可数名词单数，“great”以辅音音素开头，所以用“What a”。故选B。 主题03 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西省咸阳市礼泉县·期末） Mrs Zhao from Beijing went to a zoo in Shanghai. There 1 all kinds of animals at the zoo. She saw a cute otter (水獭) and took out her phone 2 a video of it, but the phone fell into the water. The otter’s name is You Tao. He saw the phone in the water and 3 jumped into the water. He soon found the phone and gave it to a zookeeper (动物园管理员). 4 zookeeper then gave the phone to Mrs Zhao. Mrs Zhao was very happy to get her phone back. To thank You Tao, she gave a pennant (锦旗) to the zoo. “My phone 5 by You Tao before. I’ll make a trip to see 6 again” said Mrs Zhao. You Tao was the first among these 7 in the zoo to get a pennant. So the zookeeper gave him 8 fish to eat for his dinner than usual. Otters like You Tao at the zoo 9 to pick up things in the water for a long time. The zookeeper says You Tao is very smart and he is good at doing this. The zoo wants people to see 10 the cute animal does and stop throwing rubbish into the water. 1．A．was B．had C．be D．were 2．A．record B．to record C．change D．to change 3．A．sadly B．sad C．quickly D．quick 4．A．The B．An C．A D．/ 5．A．saved B．is saved C．saves D．was saved 6．A．his B．him C．he D．himself 7．A．animal B．animals’ C．animals D．animal’s 8．A．many B．more C．few D．fewer 9．A．will learn B．are learning C．learn D．have learned 10．A．what B．that C．when D．where 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了赵女士在上海动物园游玩时，手机掉入水中，水獭You Tao帮助她找回手机的故事。 1．句意：动物园里有各种各样的动物。 was是，过去式，主语为单数；had有，过去式；be是，动词原形；were是，过去式，主语为复数。根据“all kinds of animals”可知，主语为复数，时态为一般过去时，因此用were。故选D。 2．句意：她看到一只可爱的水獭，拿出手机录了一段视频，但手机掉进了水里。 record记录，动词原形；to record记录，动词不定式；change更改，动词原形；to change更改，动词不定式。根据“took out her phone”可知，此处是，拿出手机录了一段视频，用动词不定式表示目的。故选B。 3．句意：他看见手机在水里，赶紧跳进水里。 sadly悲伤地，副词；sad悲伤，形容词；quickly很快地，副词；quick很快的，形容词。根据“jumped into the water.”可知，You Tao赶紧跳进水里，修饰动词填副词形式。故选C。 4．句意：动物园管理员把电话交给了赵女士。 The定冠词；An一个，用于元音音素开头的单词；A一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词；/零冠词。根据“He soon found the phone and gave it to a zookeeper (动物园管理员).”可知，此处表示特指，用定冠词the。故选A。 5．句意：我的手机以前是由You Tao拯救的。 saved拯救，过去式；is saved被拯救，一般现在时的被动语态；saves拯救，三单；was saved被拯救，一般过去式的被动语态。根据“by You Tao before.”可知，此处应该用一般过去式的被动语态。故选D。 6．句意：我会再次去看他。 his他的，形容词性物主代词；him他，宾格代词；he他，主格代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“see”可知，动词后跟宾格代词。故选B。 7．句意：You Tao是动物园里第一个拿到锦旗的动物。 animal动物，单数；animals’ 动物的，复数名词所有格；animals动物，复数；animal’s动物的，单数名词所有格。根据“these”可知，此处应该用复数。故选C。 8．句意：因此，动物管理员给了他比平时更多的鱼作为晚餐。 many很多，原级；more更多，比较级；few很少，原级；fewer更少，比较级。根据“fish to eat for his dinner than usual.”可知，动物管理员给了他比平时更多的鱼作为晚餐，用比较级more修饰fish。故选B。 9．句意：动物园里像You Tao这样的水獭已经学会在水中捡东西很久了。 will learn一般将来时；are learning现在进行时；learn一般现在时；have learned现在完成时。根据“for a long time.”可知，此处用现在完成时。故选D。 10．句意：动物园希望人们看到这只可爱的动物在做什么，并停止向水中扔垃圾。 what什么；that那；when什么时候；where哪里。根据“the cute animal does”可知，此处用what作宾语。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东省揭阳市惠来县第一中学期末） The giraffe has a very long neck and four long and thin legs. It is the tallest living animal on land. Its front legs are 1 than its back legs. An adult giraffe can be five meters tall. It can run very 2 —about 30 miles an hour. It is brown and yellow. Giraffes are from Africa. They can 3 up to 25 years in the wild. They do not like being alone and they live in groups of six or more. To find food, they travel over 4 large area and don’t have a fixed (固定的) home. They spend most of a day 5 . The leaves, flowers and fruit at the top of trees 6 their main food, and they also eat grass and plants. A mother giraffe is pregnant (怀孕的) 7 about 15 months and only has one baby. It gives birth while standing up. 8 a baby giraffe’s first experience in the world is to fall several meters from the ground! Within one hour of being born, the baby giraffe is on its feet searching for milk from 9 mother. The baby giraffe can weigh 60 kilos at birth and it stops growing when it is 10 years old. 1．A．long B．longer C．the longest 2．A．fast B．fastly C．faster 3．A．lived B．are living C．live 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．eat B．eating C．to eat 6．A．is B．are C．were 7．A．from B．by C．for 8．A．So B．But C．When 9．A．it B．it’s C．its 10．A．tenth B．ten C．the ten 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了长颈鹿的特征和生活习性。 1．句意：它的前腿比后腿长。 long长的，原级；longer更长的，比较级；the longest最长的，最高级。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，表示前腿比后腿长。故选B。 2．句意：它能跑得非常快——大约每小时30英里。 fast快地，副词原级；fastly错误表达；faster更快地，比较级。根据“very”可知，very修饰副词，表示“非常快”，且此处并无比较含义，所以用原级fast即可。故选A。 3．句意：它们在野外可以活到25年。 lived居住，一般过去时；are living正在居住，现在进行时；live居住，一般现在时。根据“They can...up to 25 years in the wild.”可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，表示长颈鹿在野外的寿命情况。故选C。 4．句意：为了寻找食物，它们会穿越一大片区域，没有固定的家。 a一个，表泛指；用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the那个，表特指。根据“large area”可知，此处表示泛指，且large以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，表示“一大片区域”。故选A。 5．句意：它们一天中的大部分时间都在吃东西。 eat吃，动词原形；eating吃，动名词；to eat吃，动词不定式。根据“spend most of a day”可知，spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，所以此处用动名词eating作宾语。故选B。 6．句意：树顶上的叶子、花和果实是它们的主要食物，它们也吃草和植物。 is是，主语为第三人称单数；are是，主语为复数或第二人称；were是，are的过去式。根据“The leaves, flowers and fruit”可知，主语为复数，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时，be动词用are。故选B。 7．句意：一只母长颈鹿怀孕大约15个月，只生一个宝宝。 from来自；by通过；for为了，持续。根据“about 15 months”可知，此处表示持续一段时间，用介词for，表示母长颈鹿怀孕的时长。故选C。 8．句意：所以一只小长颈鹿在世界上第一次经历就是从几米高的地方掉下来！ So所以；But但是；When当……时候。根据“It gives birth while standing up.”和“a baby giraffe’s first experience in the world is to fall several meters from the ground!”可知，前后句为因果关系，前因后果，用连词so连接。故选A。 9．句意：出生后一小时内，小长颈鹿就站起来寻找它妈妈的奶。 it它，主格或宾格；it’s它是；its它的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词。根据“mother”可知，此处修饰名词mother，用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的妈妈”。故选C。 10．句意：小长颈鹿出生时可以重达60公斤，当它10岁时就停止生长了。 tenth第十，序数词；ten十，基数词；the ten错误表达。根据“years old”可知，此处表示年龄，用基数词ten，表示“10岁”。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西省安康市·期末） Do you know marmots (土拨鼠)? Recently, many people 1 in love with the cute marmots in the movie Ne Zha 2. People even try to buy real marmots online as pets. However, it’s a dangerous action. Marmots 2 a common kind of animals in northwest China. They are the second class protected animals in China. They are used 3 in cool mountains, open deserts, and rocky hills. They usually feed 4 fresh grass, apples or vegetables. They are also good at digging holes and each 5 has a special use. 6 marmots may look cute, they carry plague bacteria (鼠疫细菌). It can cause 7 deadly illnesses. For example, the Black Death killed over 100 million people. It was one of 8 serious plagues in human history. People can 9 catch it through small cuts. While marmots’ round faces might make 10 harmless (无害的), the government reminds everyone to keep a safe distance when meeting wild marmots and never keep marmots as pets, touch or feed them. 1．A．fall B．will fall C．are falling D．have fallen 2．A．am B．is C．are D．be 3．A．to record B．to recording C．to live D．to living 4．A．for B．on C．in D．to 5．A．hole B．holes C．a hole D．the hole 6．A．If B．Because C．Though D．And 7．A．many B．much C．few D．little 8．A．least B．the least C．most D．the most 9．A．difficult B．difficultly C．simple D．simply 10．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文介绍因电影《哪吒2》走红的土拨鼠实为国家二级保护动物，尽管外形可爱却携带鼠疫细菌，提醒人们保持安全距离。 1．句意：最近，很多人都爱上了电影《哪吒2》中那些可爱的土拨鼠。 fall一般现在时；will fall一般将来时；are falling 现在进行时；have fallen现在完成时。根据“Recently”可知，句子时态为现在完成时。故选D。 2．句意：土拨鼠是中国西北一种常见动物。 am是，be的第一人称单数现在式；is是，be的第三人称单数现在时形式；are是，be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式；be是，动词原形。主语为“Marmots”，用are。故选C。 3．句意：它们习惯于生活在寒冷山区、开阔的沙漠和岩石山丘。 to record记录；to recording记录；to live生活； to living生活。live in“生活在”，be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，是固定搭配。故选D。 4．句意：它们通常以新鲜的草、苹果或蔬菜为食。 for为了；on在……上面；in在……里面；to到。feed on…“以……为食”，是固定搭配。故选B。 5．句意：它们也擅长挖洞，每个洞都有特殊的用途。 hole洞；holes洞，复数形式；a hole一个洞；the hole这个洞。each接单数名词，且此处没有表示特指的含义，A项符合。故选A。 6．句意：虽然土拨鼠看起来很可爱，但它们携带鼠疫细菌。 If如果；Because因为；Though虽然；And和。根据“…marmots may look cute, they carry plague bacteria”的语境可知，此处句意发生了让步。故选C。 7．句意：它会导致许多致命的疾病。 many许多的，修饰可数名词复数；much许多的，修饰不可数名词；few很少的，修饰可数名词复数；little少的，修饰不可数名词。illnesses为可数名词复数，根据“they carry plague bacteria”以及常识可知，鼠疫细菌导致许多致命的疾病。故选A。 8．句意：这是人类历史上最严重的瘟疫之一。 least最少的； the least 最少的；most最；the most最。根据“deadly illnesses. For example, the Black Death killed over 100 million people.”以及常识可知，黑死病是人类历史上最严重的瘟疫之一。故选D。 9．句意：人们可能只是通过小伤口就感染了。 difficult困难的；difficultly困难地；simple简单的；simply仅仅，只是。修饰动词catch需用副词，此处表示该病的严重性，指只是通过小伤口就感染了。故选D。 10．句意：虽然土拨鼠的圆脸可能使它们无害，但政府提醒每个人在遇到野生土拨鼠时要保持安全距离，切勿将土拨鼠作为宠物饲养、触摸或喂食它们。 they它们，人称代词主格；them它们，人称代词宾格；their它们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs它们的，名词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用人称代词宾格形式，作宾语。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $