暑假衔接第4讲 Unit 1 A new start — be动词与一般现在时（讲义）-2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级上册

新七年级英语暑假衔接讲义 （外研2024版） ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 第4讲 Unit 1 A new start — be动词与一般现在时 适用年级：新七年级（小升初） 教材版本：外研2024版 内容说明：学习be动词的用法、人称代词和一般现在时的肯定否定疑问句式 Part 1 知识讲解 一、be动词（am/is/are） be动词是英语中最常见的动词，包括三个形式：am、is、are。它们通常用来表示“是”的意思，连接主语和后面的名词、形容词等。 be动词需要根据主语的人称和数的不同而变化。下面我们一起看看be动词和不同人称代词的搭配关系： 人称代词 be动词 缩写形式 I am I'm you are you're he / she / it is he's / she's / it's 当主语是复数时，be动词都使用are： 人称代词 be动词 缩写形式 we / you / they are we're / you're / they're be动词的句子可以变成否定句和疑问句，具体变化规则如下： 句式 示例 肯定句 I am a student. / She is my friend. 否定句（在be后加not） I am not a student. / She is not my friend. 一般疑问句（be提到主语前） Are you a student? / Is she your friend? 肯定/否定回答 Yes, I am. / No, I am not. Yes, she is. / No, she is not. 注意：am和not没有缩写形式（I am not不能写成I amn't），而is not = isn't，are not = aren't。 二、人称代词 人称代词是指直接指代人或事物的代词。在英语中，人称代词有“主格”和“形容词性物主代词”两种形式。主格用来作主语，形容词性物主代词用来表示“某人的”。 第一人称单数 第二人称 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第三人称复数 主格 I you he she it we they 形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our their 例句： This is my book. （这是我的书。——my是形容词性物主代词，修饰book） She is a teacher. （她是一名老师。——she作主语） Their school is very big. （他们的学校很大。——their修饰school） 三、一般现在时 一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。当主语是第三人称单数（he, she, it）时，动词需要加-s或-es。 动词第三人称单数的变化规则如下： 构成规则 举例（原形→三单） 一般动词加-s work → works, play → plays, read → reads 以s/x/sh/ch/o结尾加-es go → goes, do → does, watch → watches, fix → fixes 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加-es study → studies, fly → flies, carry → carries 特殊情况（不规则变化） have → has 一般现在时的肯定句、否定句和疑问句的构成方式如下： 句式 结构说明 肯定句 主语 + 动词原形/三单 + 其他（如：I play football. / He plays football.） 否定句 主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形 + 其他（如：I don't like milk. / He doesn't like milk.） 一般疑问句 Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？（如：Do you like apples? / Does he like apples?） 注意：当主语是第三人称单数时，否定句用doesn't，疑问句用does，后面的动词都要变回原形。 四、时间标志词 一般现在时常与以下时间状语连用： always（总是）, usually（通常）, often（经常）, sometimes（有时）, never（从不） every day / every week / every morning（每天/每周/每天早上） 例句： I always get up at 6:00. （我总是六点起床。） She usually walks to school. （她通常步行去学校。） They often play basketball after school. （他们经常放学后打篮球。） He sometimes reads books in the library. （他有时在图书馆看书。） We have English class every day. （我们每天都有英语课。） Part 2 典型例题 1. I ______ a student. My sister ______ a teacher. A. am; is B. is; am C. are; is D. am; are 【解析】第一空主语是I，be动词用am；第二空主语是My sister（第三人称单数），be动词用is。故选A。 2. ______ she like reading books? A. Do B. Does C. Is D. Are 【解析】主语she是第三人称单数，一般疑问句用Does开头，后面的动词like用原形。故选B。 3. My brother ______ (go) to school at 7:00 every day. A. go B. goes C. going D. to go 【解析】主语My brother是第三人称单数，动词go要加-es变成goes。故选B。 4. This is not my pen. It is ______ pen. A. her B. she C. he D. I 【解析】横线后是名词pen，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰。her是形容词性物主代词，意思是“她的”。故选A。 5. They ______ (not / play) football on Monday. A. don't play B. doesn't play C. not play D. aren't play 【解析】主语They是复数，否定句用don't + 动词原形。故选A。 Part 3 基础练习 一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ a happy girl. 2. They ______ in the classroom now. 3. ______ your mother at home? 4. My father and I ______ at the park. 5. The cat ______ black and white. 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空（一般现在时） 1. He ______ (watch) TV every evening. 2. We ______ (go) to school from Monday to Friday. 3. She ______ (study) English every morning. 4. They ______ (have) lunch at school. 5. My sister ______ (do) her homework at 7:00. 三、单项选择 1. I ______ a new book. It ______ very interesting. A. have; is B. has; is C. have; are D. has; are 2. ______ you often get up at 6:30? A. Do B. Does C. Are D. Is 3. My mother ______ cooking. She ______ a good cook. A. like; is B. likes; is C. like; are D. likes; are 4. Tom and Jerry ______ good friends. A. am B. is C. are D. be 5. This is not ______ bag. It is ______ bag. A. my; her B. I; she C. me; her D. my; she 四、按要求改写句子 1. She is a good student.（改为否定句） 2. They like swimming.（改为一般疑问句） 3. He goes to school by bus.（改为否定句） 4. I am from China.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） 5. My father reads newspapers every morning.（改为一般疑问句） Part 4 提高练习 一、对话排序 将下列句子按照合理的顺序排列，组成一段完整的对话。 A. Nice to meet you, Li Ming. B. Hello, I'm Li Ming. What's your name? C. Nice to meet you too. Where are you from? D. My name is Tom. I'm from England. And you? E. I'm from China. I'm a student here. F. Welcome to our school, Tom! 正确顺序：______ → ______ → ______ → ______ → ______ → ______ 二、补全对话 根据上下文，在横线上填入恰当的句子，使对话完整。 A: Hello! My name is Mike. ________________ B: Hi, Mike! I'm Sarah. Nice to meet you. A: ________________. Is this your schoolbag? B: Yes, it is. It's new. A: ________________? B: It's green and blue. A: It looks very nice. ________________? B: I go to school at 7:30. A: Oh, it's time for class. Goodbye! B: ________________! 三、阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，判断正误（T/F）。 Hello! My name is Zhang Wei. I am a student at No. 1 Middle School. I get up at 6:30 every morning. Then I have breakfast at 7:00. I go to school at 7:30. Our classes start at 8:00. I have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon. My favourite subject is English. I think it is very interesting. I often read English books after school. My mother is a teacher. She teaches maths in my school. She goes to school with me every day. We always have dinner at 6:30 in the evening. After dinner, I do my homework and my mother watches TV. I go to bed at 9:30. 1. Zhang Wei is a student at No. 1 Middle School. ______ 2. He gets up at 7:00 every morning. ______ 3. His favourite subject is maths. ______ 4. His mother is a maths teacher in his school. ______ 5. They have dinner at 6:30 every evening. ______ 四、写作 My School Day 请以“My School Day”为题，用一般现在时写一篇短文，介绍你一天的学习生活。要求不少于6句话。 _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Part 5 本讲总结 be动词，有三兄弟，am is are要牢记； I用am，you用are，is跟着he/she/it。 否定句，be后加not，疑问句be要提前。 一般现在时常用到，经常习惯少不了； 三单主语要注意，动词词尾加s/es。 否定疑问用助动，do/does来帮忙， does出现动词还，这个规则不能忘！ 时间标志常相伴，always，often，every day。 本讲重点回顾 ✓ be动词（am/is/are）与主语搭配的规则 ✓ 人称代词主格和形容词性物主代词的区分 ✓ 一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态 ✓ 第三人称单数动词的变化规则（加-s/-es） ✓ 一般现在时的否定句和疑问句结构（do/does） ✓ 常见时间标志词：always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day 参考答案 Part 2 典型例题. 1. A（I am a student. My sister is a teacher.） 2. B（Does she like reading books?） 3. B（My brother goes to school at 7:00 every day.） 4. A（This is not my pen. It is her pen.） 5. A（They don't play football on Monday.） Part 3 基础练习. 一、用be动词的适当形式填空. 1. am 2. are 3. Is 4. are 5. is 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空. 1. watches 2. go 3. studies 4. have 5. does 三、单项选择. 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 四、按要求改写句子. 1. She is not a good student. 2. Do they like swimming? 3. He doesn't go to school by bus. 4. Are you from China? Yes, I am. 5. Does your father read newspapers every morning? Part 4 提高练习. 一、对话排序. . B → D → A → C → E → F 二、补全对话. 1. What's your name? / May I know your name? 2. Nice to meet you too. 3. What colour is it? 4. What time do you go to school? 5. Goodbye! / See you! 三、阅读理解. 1. T（Zhang Wei is a student at No. 1 Middle School.） 2. F（He gets up at 6:30, not 7:00.） 3. F（His favourite subject is English, not maths.） 4. T（His mother teaches maths in his school.） 5. T（They always have dinner at 6:30 in the evening.） 四、写作. . 略（学生根据自身情况自由发挥，注意使用一般现在时） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $