暑假衔接第11讲 Unit 3 My School 学校场所与方位介词（讲义） ） 2026-2027学年人教版七年级英语上册

新七年级英语暑假衔接讲义 （人教2024版） ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 第11讲 Unit 3 My School — 学校场所与方位介词 适用年级：新七年级（小升初） 教材版本：人教2024版 内容说明：学习学校场所词汇、方位介词、Where句型以及字母组合复习 Part 1 知识讲解 一、学校场所词汇 学校是我们学习和生活的地方，掌握以下学校场所词汇能帮助我们更好地描述校园环境。 English 中文 classroom 教室 library 图书馆 playground 操场 gym 体育馆 dining hall 食堂 teacher's office 教师办公室 computer room 电脑室 music room 音乐室 art room 美术室 science lab 科学实验室 toilet / bathroom 卫生间 sports field 运动场 注意：表示"在……场所"时，用介词at或in。at school（在学校），in the classroom（在教室里），in the library（在图书馆里）。 记忆口诀 【学校场所词汇口诀】 Classroom教室Library图书馆，Playground操场Dining hall饭堂； Gym体育馆Office办公室，Computer room电脑室Music room音乐室； Art room美术室Science lab实验室，Sports field运动场Toilet卫生间！ 【方位介词口诀】 in在里面on在上面，under在下面behind在后面； in front of在前面next to在旁边，between在中间across from在对面！ 【Where句型口诀】 Where哪里问位置，is单数are复数； It is + 地点单数答，They are + 地点复数回！ 二、方位介词 (Prepositions of Position) 方位介词用来描述事物之间的位置关系。以下是一些常用的方位介词： 介词 中文意思 例句 in 在……里面 The pen is in the pencil case. on 在……上面 The book is on the desk. under 在……下面 The cat is under the chair. behind 在……后面 The ball is behind the door. in front of 在……前面 The teacher is in front of the blackboard. next to 在……旁边 The library is next to the classroom. between...and... 在……和……之间 The lab is between the library and the gym. across from 在……对面 The post office is across from the school. 注意：between...and... 必须与and连用，表示在两个事物之间。across from表示"在……对面"，强调隔着某物相对。 三、Where句型询问位置 询问某人或某物在哪里，我们用Where开头的特殊疑问句。Where是"在哪里"的意思。 句型结构 问句 答句 中文翻译 Where is the library? It is next to the classroom. 图书馆在哪里？它在教室旁边。 Where is the gym? It is behind the dining hall. 体育馆在哪里？它在食堂后面。 Where are the books? They are on the desk. 书在哪里？它们在书桌上。 Where are the students? They are in the classroom. 学生们在哪里？他们在教室里。 注意：当主语是单数名词或不可数名词时，用Where is...；当主语是复数名词时，用Where are...。答句中的主语和be动词要与问句保持一致。 四、字母组合复习 在英语中，一些字母组合有固定的发音规律。掌握这些字母组合的发音可以帮助我们更好地记忆单词。 字母组合 发音 例词 sh /ʃ/ fish, ship, she, shoe ch /tʃ/ chair, China, chicken, lunch th /θ/ three, thin, thank, mouth th /ð/ this, that, these, those ph /f/ phone, photo, elephant, dolphin wh /w/ what, where, white, why 注意：th有两种发音——清辅音/θ/（如three）和浊辅音/ð/（如this）。wh在大多数情况下发/w/，但在字母o前时发/h/，如who /huː/。 Part 2 典型例题 1. — Where ______ the books? — They are in the library. A. is B. are C. am D. be 【答案】B 【解析】books是复数名词，主语是复数，be动词用are。Where are the books?询问书在哪里。选项B正确。 2. The playground is ______ the classroom building. A. in front of B. in C. on D. at 【答案】A 【解析】操场在教学楼前面，表示"在……前面"用in front of。in表示"在……里面"，on表示"在……上面"，at表示"在……（小地点）"。选项A正确。 3. — Where is the teacher's office? — It's ______ the second floor. A. in B. on C. at D. under 【答案】B 【解析】表示"在几楼"用介词on。on the second floor表示"在二楼"。选项B正确。 4. The library is ______ the classroom building ______ the science lab. A. between; and B. in; and C. on; of D. next; to 【答案】A 【解析】between...and...表示"在……和……之间"，是固定搭配。句意为"图书馆在教学楼和科学实验室之间"。选项A正确。 5. — ______ is the dining hall? — It's behind the sports field. A. What B. Where C. Who D. How 【答案】B 【解析】由答句"It's behind the sports field"可知，问句询问地点，对地点提问用Where。选项B正确。 Part 3 基础练习 一、根据中文提示写出对应的学校场所词汇。 1. 教室 __________ 2. 图书馆 __________ 3. 操场 __________ 4. 体育馆 __________ 5. 科学实验室 __________ 二、单项选择。 1. — Where ______ the library? — It's next to the classroom building. A. is B. are C. am D. be 2. The dining hall is ______ the sports field. A. in B. on C. behind D. under 3. There ______ a gym in my school. A. is B. are C. am D. be 4. The science lab is ______ the classroom building and the library. A. in B. on C. under D. between 5. — Where are the students? — ______ are in the classroom. A. He B. She C. They D. It 三、根据描述判断正（T）误（F）。 这是一个学校布局的描述：The classroom building is in the middle of the school. The library is next to the classroom building on the right. The science lab is behind the classroom building. The sports field is in front of the classroom building. The dining hall is next to the sports field. The teacher's office is between the library and the science lab. （ ）1. The library is next to the classroom building. （ ）2. The science lab is in front of the classroom building. （ ）3. The sports field is in front of the classroom building. （ ）4. The teacher's office is between the library and the dining hall. （ ）5. The dining hall is next to the sports field. 四、用合适的方位介词填空。 参考词汇：in, on, under, behind, in front of, next to, between, across from 1. The library is __________ the classroom building and the science lab. 2. The pen is __________ the pencil case. 3. The basketball is __________ the chair. 4. Tom sits __________ me. He is right behind me. 5. The dining hall is __________ the sports field. It's on the left side. Part 4 提高练习 一、将下列句子重新排列成一段通顺的对话。 A. It's behind the classroom building. B. Yes, there is. It's between the library and the science lab. C. Is there a gym in your school? D. Where is the playground? E. I see. Thank you! 正确顺序：______ → ______ → ______ → ______ → ______ 二、补全对话。根据对话内容，从方框中选择合适的选项填空。 A: Hi, welcome to our school! B: Thank you! It's very big. (1) ________________ is the library? A: It's (2) ________________ the classroom building and the science lab. B: Is there a (3) ________________ in your school? A: Yes, it's (4) ________________ the sports field. B: Great! (5) ________________ you for showing me around. A: You're welcome. A. Thank B. gym C. between D. Where E. next to 三、阅读理解。阅读短文，判断正（T）误（F）。 Hello! I'm Mike. Welcome to my school. It is big and beautiful. This is the classroom building. There are 20 classrooms in it. The library is next to the classroom building. I like reading books there. The sports field is behind the library. We play sports there after class. The dining hall is in front of the sports field. We have lunch there. The teacher's office is between the library and the science lab. I love my school very much! （ ）1. Mike's school is small but beautiful. （ ）2. There are 20 classrooms in the classroom building. （ ）3. The library is next to the classroom building. （ ）4. The sports field is in front of the library. （ ）5. The teacher's office is between the library and the science lab. 四、写作。My School. 要求：写8句话以上，描述你的学校。 参考词汇：classroom, library, playground, in front of, next to, There is/are... 参考句型：This is... / Where is...? / It's... / There is/are... _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Part 5 本讲总结 记忆口诀 【学校场所词汇口诀】 Classroom教室Library图书馆，Playground操场Dining hall饭堂； Gym体育馆Office办公室，Computer room电脑室Music room音乐室； Art room美术室Science lab实验室，Sports field运动场Toilet卫生间！ 【方位介词口诀】 in在里面on在上面，under在下面behind在后面； in front of在前面next to在旁边，between在中间across from在对面！ 【Where句型口诀】 Where哪里问位置，is单数are复数； It is + 地点单数答，They are + 地点复数回！ 重点回顾 • 学校场所词汇：classroom（教室），library（图书馆），playground（操场），gym（体育馆），dining hall（食堂），teacher's office（教师办公室），computer room（电脑室），music room（音乐室），art room（美术室），science lab（科学实验室），toilet/bathroom（卫生间），sports field（运动场） • 方位介词：in（在……里面），on（在……上面），under（在……下面），behind（在……后面），in front of（在……前面），next to（在……旁边），between（在……之间），across from（在……对面） • Where句型：Where is the...?（单数）→It is + 地点 / Where are the...?（复数）→They are + 地点 • 字母组合发音：sh /ʃ/，ch /tʃ/，th /θ/ /ð/，ph /f/，wh /w/ 参考答案 Part 3 基础练习 一. 1. classroom 2. library 3. playground 4. gym 5. science lab 二. 1. A（library是单数，be动词用is） 2. C（dining hall在sports field后面，用behind） 3. A（a gym是单数，用There is） 4. D（between...and...表示"在……和……之间"） 5. C（the students是复数，用They指代） 三. 1. T 2. F（The science lab is behind the classroom building.） 3. T 4. F（The teacher's office is between the library and the science lab.） 5. T 四. 1. between 2. in 3. under 4. behind 5. next to Part 4 提高练习 一. C → B → D → A → E 二. 1. D（Where） 2. C（between） 3. B（gym） 4. E（next to） 5. A（Thank） 三. 1. F（Mike's school is big and beautiful, not small.） 2. T 3. T 4. F（The sports field is behind the library.） 5. T 四. 略。参考范文：Hello! I'm Li Hua. This is my school. It is big and beautiful. There is a tall classroom building in my school. The library is next to the classroom building. There are many books in it. The playground is in front of the classroom building. We play sports there after class. The dining hall is behind the playground. We have lunch there every day. The teacher's office is on the second floor. There is a gym next to the sports field. I love my school very much! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $