Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes（Grammar &Pronunciation&Reading 课文学习）2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

本讲义聚焦初中英语7B U6核心知识点，系统梳理不定代词（指人/物/否定含义分类及作主语、修饰语位置等用法）、what/how感叹句（结构及“形名紧相连，what把头牵”口诀）、语调规则（陈述句降调、疑问句升调等）及Reading课文（四种地貌拟人化内容），形成从语法基础到语音应用再到语篇理解的递进学习支架。 该资料亮点突出，语法部分通过分类表格和记忆口诀提升语言能力，Reading用“河流、沙漠等自我介绍”拟人化文本融合自然知识，培养文化意识与思维品质。多样练习（单选、阅读填空等）覆盖技能，课中助力教师系统授课，课后便于学生查漏补缺。

课 题 7B U6 Beautiful landscapes（Grammar &Pronunciation&Reading 课文学习） 教学目标 1. 掌握U6 Grammar中不定代词及what/how引导感叹句的用法。 2. 能正确判定不同句型的语调（升调、降调）。 3. 理解并掌握reading课文的内容。 重难点透视 1. 灵活运用不定代词和感叹句。 2. 熟练区分不同语境下的升调和降调。 3. 深入理解 reading 课文的细节内容并能进行拓展应用 。 知识点剖析 序号 知识点 预估时间 掌握情况 1 Grammar &Pronunciation知识学习 45 min 2 Reading课文学习讲练 45 min 教 学 内 容 ( 8 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 U6 Grammar ---不定代词&what/how 引导的感叹句 1. 不定代词：指代某个不特定的人或物。 2. 形式： 指人 指物 否定含义 someone某人/somebody something某事 no one没人 /nobody没人 /nothing没有什么 anyone任何人 /anybody任何人 anything任何事 ---- everyone每人 /everybody人人 everything一切 ---- 3. 用法： · ①不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Eg. Something is wrong. · ②不定代词 + adj/else. Eg.something interesting; someone else n.其他人 · ③不定代词 + to do Eg.nothing to do. · ④不定代词 somebody/someone/something 常用于肯定句。疑问句中，如果希望得到对方肯定的回答，也会用含有 some- 的不定代词。 例句：There is somebody/someone at the door. 门口有个人。 Would you like something to drink? 你想喝点儿什么吗？ · ⑤不定代词 anybody/anyone/anything 常用于否定句或疑问句。 例句：I didn’t see anybody/anyone. 我谁也没看到。 Did you see anything there? 你在那儿看到什么东西了吗？ · ⑥no- 有否定含义：no one 表示 “没有人”；nobody = not anyone；nothing = not anything。★★★ ( no--- 可以转换为 not any--- )例句：No one would like to go there. 没有人愿意去那里。 I saw nobody there. 我在那儿谁也没看到。 There is nothing in the box. 盒子里什么都没有。 · ⑦不定代词 everybody/everyone/everything 可以用于各种句式中,every--- 类复合不定代词与否定词连用时，表示部分否定：not everyone 不是每个人。 例句：Is everybody/everyone here? 大家都在吗？ Everything is ready. 一切都准备好了。 what/how 引导的感叹句 · 感叹句：用来表达高兴，愤怒，伤心等情感的句子，通常由what或how引导。 · 用法口诀：形名紧相连，what把头牵，有主谓的去主谓。★★★ · 【注意】：当名词为可数名词复数或不可数名词时，不能加不定冠词；可数名词单数要加 a/an； 在口语中常常省略后面缩略的陈述句，如：“How exciting the film is!”→ “How exciting!”。 一、单项选择 1. ______ important it is to protect the natural landscapes! ______ should do something to help. A. How; Someone B. What; Everyone C. How; Everyone D. What; Someone 2. —Would you like ______ to drink? —No, thanks. I don’t want to drink ______. A. something; anything B. anything; anything C. something; something D. anything; something 3. —Does ______ know the answer to the question? —Me. A. everybody B. anybody C. somebody D. nobody 4. —Is there ______ in today’s newspaper? —Yes. The End of the World is not true. A. nothing new B. new nothing C. anything new D. new anything 5. ______ the students are having now! A. What a good time B. What good time C. How good time D. How a good time 6. There is ______ with my radio. Can you help me? A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. something wrong D. wrong anything 7. ______ it is ! I can’t finish it without your help. A. What a hard work B. How a hard work C. What hard work D. How hard work 8. Jogging is getting popular among young people, for it is good for health and it almost doesn’t cost ______. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 9. I think ______ can make Andy change his mind. He is such a person that never gives up easily. A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something 10. ______ it is to go climbing with my family during the holiday! A. What a fun B. How fun C. What fun D. How funny 二、完成句子 11. There is something wrong with the refrigerator. (改为否定句) There ______ ______ wrong with the refrigerator. 12. Our school trip was terrible. (变为感叹句) ______ ______ our school trip was! 13. How amazing the cycling trip was! (改为同义句) ______ ______ amazing cycling trip it was! 14. The missing boy’s parents can’t do anything but wait for the result from the police.(改为同义句) The missing boy’s parents ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ for the result from the police. 【Pronunciation---语调】 · 语调：说话时声音的升降变化 · 分类：升调、降调 · 使用规则：①陈述句、特殊疑问句：用降调； ②一般疑问句：用升调 ；③表惊讶、停顿：用升调 ④选择疑问句：前升后降 Reading----our main landscapes四种主要地貌 【小知识】：拟人，就是把人类的特质赋予物体、动物、概念等非人类事物。它能让文字更生动有趣，也更容易吸引读者的注意力。 Hello from different landscapes来自不同地貌的问候 · I am a river. I have two faces. I give life: my water is fresh water, so everybody can drink it and use it for farming and washing. But I am also very powerful. When I flood, I sometimes destroy homes and lives. Nothing can get in my way. · I am a desert. My body is mostly made of sand and I seldom see rain. I am very hot during the day and very cold at night. Nobody wants to live in such difficult conditions, but a few plants and animals can survive. How amazing! · I am the ocean. I am huge. I cover more than two-thirds of the earth’s surface, so people call the earth the "Blue Planet". What a beautiful name! I am home to hundreds of thousands of living things. · I am a forest. I am full of trees, and I produce oxygen for humans and animals to breathe. I wear different colours in different seasons, usually green in summer and golden brown in autumn. 【课文短语】： 1. 2. give life 赋予生命 3. fresh water 淡水 4. use sth. for doing sth. = use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 5. be powerful 强大 6. get in my way 挡我的路 7. be mostly made of 大部分由…制成 8. in difficult conditions 在困难的条件下 9. more than 超过 10. living things 生物 11. be home to 是…的家园 / 栖息地 12. be full of = be filled with 充满 13. produce oxygen for 为…… 提供氧气 14. farming and washing 农耕和洗漱 15. be hot during the day and cold at night 白天炎热，夜晚寒冷 16. hundreds of thousands of 几十万，无数 【Lead in—Welcome 板块短语补充】 1. 2. the beauty of landscapes 自然风光之美 3. lie in 在于 4. rise in 发源于 5. carry water from high ground down to lakes or seas 把水从高处汇入湖泊与海洋 6. can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 7. can't wait for sth. 急切等待某物 8. there is nothing to do there 在那儿无事可做 9. make the air clean 使空气清新 10. on the surface of 在…的表面 11. be open and flat 开阔平坦 12. one-third of the earth's land area 地球陆地面积的三分之一 13. run all the way to 一路奔流到 14. run through different landscapes 流经不同地貌 15. see some wonderful night views 观赏美丽夜景 16. seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 17. be ready for 为…做好准备 18. sit by the campfire 坐在篝火旁 19. be lonely 感到孤独（情绪） 20. be alone 独自一人（状态） 21. get everything ready for a good night's sleep 准备好一切睡觉 22. be good for 对…… 有益 23. grow corn 种植玉米 24. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最佳方式 【重点知识梳理】 (1) survive v. 生存；幸存 ---survival n. 生存；幸存--survivor n. 幸存者 (2) breathe in = take in 吸入 ；breathe heavily 气喘吁吁 ； out of breath 上气不接下气；take a deep breath 深呼吸 ① destroy (vt.) 破坏，摧毁 → destroyed → destroying → destroys ② powerful (adj.) 力量大的；有影响力的 → power (n.) 力量；权力 (3) get in my/the way 挡我的路，get in the way of sth 阻止 【way 短语】 in one's way 挡某人的路 ；in this way 用这种方式 ；in some ways 在某些方面 ； on one's way to + 地点 在去某地路上 ；by the way 顺便一提；all the way 一路上 (4) call sb sth 把某人 / 某物叫作… (5) conditions (n.) 环境，条件 · living conditions 居住条件；in … conditions 在…的条件下；in a good/bad condition 状态良好 / 不佳 (6) cover (v.) 占 (一片面积)→cover/have an area of… = be+数字+ in area cove (v.) 覆盖；遮盖→cover… with… 用…覆盖…；→be covered with… 被…覆盖 cover (v.) 足以支付；包含；涉及 cover (n.) (书刊的) 封面；覆盖物；盖子 (7) per cent “百分比”分开写，同样不加 s (8) 分数表达法：分子基，分母序，分子 > 1，分母变复数。 · 1/3: one-third 2/3: two-thirds · 特殊的一些分数表示法：1/2: a half/one half ；1/4: one fourth=one quarter=a quarter · 其他分数表示法： 5/9: five out of nine (9) What a long river (it is)! 多么长的河！=同义句：How long the river is! (10) 数量度量复合形容词 1　 常位于句末：主 + be + 数词 +复数单位 + 形容词 → 例：It is 6300 kilometres long. 2　 位于名词前：数词 - 单数单位 - 形 + 名词 → 例：a 6300-kilometre-long river (11) in northern + 地点= in the north of + 地点 “在…北部” → in northern China = in the north of China 在中国北部 (12) nature n. 自然----natural adj. 自然的 (13) earth n. 地球；泥土；陆地 →on the earth 在地球上 ；on earth 世上；究竟 (14) get along well with nature 与自然和睦相处 (15) there be + doing 有某物正在做某事 (16) alone adj./adv. 独自=on one's own=by oneself (17) ask sb to do sth 让某人做某事 【练习巩固】 1、 标出下列句子的语调。 1. 2. I really want to go to the Sahara Desert. 3. Is your mother a worker or a doctor? 4. Where are you going? 5. Do you like watching football matches? 6. 7. — I come from Xinjiang. — You come from Xinjiang? It’s so far away. 2、 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词。 1. The ______ (表面) of the lake is as smooth as a mirror (镜子). 2. My grandpa turned the ______ (土地) behind his house into a beautiful garden. 3. There are many beautiful ______ (森林) in the mountains. 4. The little boy is interested in the ______ (岩石) in different shapes and sizes. 5. Don’t sit on the ______ (地面). It’s too cold. 6. There are many strange-looking animals and plants in the ______ (海洋). 7. People in the past thought the earth was f______, but now we know it’s round. 8. — Sam, do you know what the biggest d______ in Africa is? — Of course! It’s the Sahara. 9. The water in this well (井) is ______ (淡的) and cool. 10. The polar bears live ______ (主要地) near the North Pole. 11. Her grandfather lost his life in a ______ (洪水) this summer. 12. Tom’s father is a ______ (有影响力的) doctor in the field of medicine. 13. Tom accidentally ______ (破坏) his model plane while fixing it. 14. The kids built a small tower with wet ______ (沙子) on the beach. 15. — What did you find in the box? — N______. It’s empty. 16. People’s living c______ are becoming better and better in our country. 17. — Look at the ______ (巨大的) building over there. What is it? — It is the museum. 18. The river seldom ______ (泛滥) after the building of the dam (大坝). 19. — Which of the ______ (行星) would you like to move to if possible? — Mars. Because it’s near our earth and there may be water and air on it. 20. They s______ the loss of their pet by supporting each other. 21. — Who broke the window? — N______. Maybe it was the wind. 22. In South China, sweet dumplings are called tangyuan, while in the n______ part, they are named yuanxiao. 23. You need to take a lot of tools and make careful plans before going ______ (露营). 24. The endless ______ (玉米) field looks golden in the sun. 25. We sat around the ______ (篝火), singing and dancing till midnight. 3、 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The snow ______ (cover) the ground all year long in some places. 2. During Guyu, the temperature usually ______ (rise) a lot and rain increases. 3. Li Shanshan often helps ______ (do) the housework at weekends. 4. How many ______ (plain) are there in China? 5. We’ll read about the ______ (earth) history in this book. 4、 单项选择。 1. There are many beautiful landscapes in nature. We can see grasslands, rivers, lakes and ______. A. buildings B. streets C. mountains D. factories 2. — Can a plane fly ______ the Atlantic Ocean (大西洋)? — Yes, but it needs to go ______ the clouds for hours. A. across; with B. through; across C. across; through D. through; to 3. This train usually ______ goods ______ Shanghai to Beijing. A. sends; on B. brings; for C. takes; to D. carries; from 4. — Do you know the Yarlung Zangbo River? — Of course. It is one of the longest rivers in China and ______ 23 counties (县) in Xizang. A. passes by B. runs through C. goes across D. comes over 5. — I hear you’re leaving for Guilin for your holiday. ______ And I can’t wait to. A. It doesn’t matter. B. It’s a secret. C. That’s right. D. I’m not sure. 6. — People can use the river water for many things. — Yes, but people can’t use it for ______. A. drinking B. farming C. making kites D. washing 7. This coat doesn’t fit him well, as he has ______ huge body and the coat is too small. A. such B. such a C. so D. so a 8. New types of energy from the sun, wind and water ______ little pollution and will never run out. A. burn B. recycle C. separate D. produce 9. — Why do you like the forest? — Because I like the colours. It is usually green ______ and golden ______. A. in spring; in summer B. in summer; in autumn C. in autumn; in winter D. in winter; in spring 10. Which of the following statements about the desert is not correct? A. It is mainly made of sand. B. It seldom has rain. C. It is not too hot during the day and not too cold during the night. D. Only a few plants and animals can survive in it. 11. — Where is ______ Changbai Mountains? — It’s in ______ Jilin Province, China. A. the; the B. a; the C. the; / D. a; / 12. Holland Flower Park (荷兰花海) looks like a (n) ______ of flowers almost all year round. A. mountain B. desert C. breath D. ocean 13. — There is going to be a table tennis match tonight. — Oh, great! I ______ watch it. A. don’t want to B. don’t wait to C. can’t wait to D. wouldn’t like to 14. — What’s on the desk in the room? — There is nothing ______ a book on it. A. and B. but C. or D. so 15. — Excuse me, your bike is ______. Would you please move it? — OK. I will move it away at once. A. on my way B. in my way C. in some ways D. by the way 16. — Is there ______ in the classroom? — Yes, there is a boy. A. anyone B. someone C. no one D. everyone 17. — Can you see ______ in the sky? — Yes. I can see some birds. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing 18. I have ______ to tell you. A. important thing B. something important C. anything important D. everything important 19. — Sandy is well organized. — Exactly. ______ in her room is in good order. A. Something B. Nothing C. None D. Everything 20. There are many apples on the table. You can take ______. A.it B. ones C. one D. that 5、 根据首字母提示补全短文。 The Yangtze River is a very famous and important river in China. It is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest river in the world. It is about 6,300 1. k______ long. The Yangtze River 2. s______ from the mountains in Qinghai. It runs 3. t______ many places in China, such as Sichuan, Hubei, Jiangsu and Shanghai. Along the way, there are beautiful mountains, wide plains and many 4. o______ amazing landscapes. The Yangtze River is very 5. u______. It is an important waterway for transportation. Many ships travel on the river to carry goods and people from one place to 6. a______. Also, the river provides water for people to drink, for farming and for many other things. The Yangtze River Basin is a very important area in China. There are many big 7. c______ near the river, like Wuhan, Nanjing and Shanghai. People live and 8. w______ there, and these areas are very prosperous. However, the Yangtze River also faces some 9. p______, such as pollution (污染). But the government and people are trying their 10. b______ to protect the river and make it better. In short, the Yangtze River is a great and important river in China. We should love and protect it. 6、 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 (其中有一个是多余的)。 ( a few ， survive ， human ， planet ， most ， farm ) (1) This land is rich and suitable for ______. (2) She ______ reads books in her free time. (3) Look! There are ______ apples in the basket. (4) The plants have to struggle (努力) to ______ in the desert. (5) — How many ______ are there in the solar system (太阳系)? — There are eight. ( d estroy ， be home to , oxygen , breathe , view , cover ) (6) Fish ______ through their gills (鳃). (7) The wetland (湿地) ______ many different kinds of birds. (8) The mountain has wonderful ______. (9) Heavy rainstorms ______ many houses every year. (10) — Please ______ the table with a piece of cloth (布). — OK, Mum. 7、 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 坏天气不应该妨碍我们野餐。 Bad weather shouldn’t of having a picnic. 2. 中国是一个有影响力的大国。 China is . 3. 生活在贫困地区的人们不得不面对如此艰难的条件。 People living in poor areas have to face . 4. 森林是许多野生动物的家园。The forest many wild animals. 5. 花园里满是美丽的花朵。The garden beautiful flowers. 8、 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后 1～9 小题的空格里填入最恰当的内容。注意：第 1～8 题每个空格只填 1 个单词；第 9 题词数不限。 If you look down at the Namib Desert (纳米布沙漠), you’ll see something strange. There are circles in the sand with grass around them. The local people call these “fairy circles (仙女圈)”. But who made them? And why? The fairy circles are in a narrow part of the desert. Some are very big, almost 40 feet across. Some are small, about 6 feet across. And they all have grass around them. It’s really amazing. The local Himba (辛巴族) people think their ancestors made the fairy circles. But this idea isn’t right according to science. So scientists start to look for the real answer. In a new study, scientists think they might know the mystery of the fairy circles—termites (白蚁). The termites live underground. But they are different from other termites. They don’t build mounds. Scientists think the termites eat the roots of the grass and make the grass die. When it rains, the water goes quickly into the soil. So there is water in these places where grass grows around. If you think the termites are bad for the desert, you’re wrong. The termites are actually making the desert greener. How? In the places where the termites live, the soil is porous (多孔的) and sandy (含沙的). So water can go through the desert easily. In this way, plants outside the circles are growing. The termites and the fairy circles are good for the Himba people. They let their cattle, goats, and sheep eat the grass. They even use the inside of the circles to keep the animals at night. Introduction The text starts by talking about something 1. in the Namib Desert. It shows there are 2. in the sand with grass around. About the fairy circles It tells where the fairy circles are in the desert and 3. big they can be. What the local people think and what scientists do The local people think their ancestors made the fairy circles. But scientists want to find the 4. answer. The 5. from scientists Scientists think 6. made the fairy circles. The 7. things about termites Termites make the soil a way that water can go 8. easily. Also,the fairy circles and termites are useful to the Himba people. What do you think of the fairy circles? 9. 9、 根据句意填入适当的不定代词。 1. ______ went hiking yesterday because of the bad weather. 2. There isn’t ______ in the classroom. All the students are having a PE lesson in the playground. 3. Are you going to the shop to buy ______? 4. Don’t worry. There is ______ wrong with the TV set. It’s only because of the power cut. 5. There is ______ knocking on the door. Go and see who it is. 6. I hope ______ goes well. 7. When the teacher comes into the classroom, ______ becomes quiet. 8. Can I have ______ to drink, Mum? Grammar答案： 1-5：CABCA 6-10：CCABC 11-14： isn't anything / is nothing；How terrible ；What an；have nothing to do but wait 答案： · 语调标注： 1. I really want to go to the Sahara Desert. ↓ 2. Is your mother a worker ↑ or a doctor? ↓ 3. Where are you going? ↓ 4. Do you like watching football matches? ↑ 5. — I come from Xinjiang. ↓ 6. — You come from Xinjiang? ↑ It’s so far away. ↓ · 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词。 1-5：surface, land, forests, rocks, ground 6-10：ocean (s), flat, desert，fresh, mostly 11-15：flood, powerful, destroyed, sand, Nothing 16-20：conditions，huge, floods, planets, survived, 21-25：Nobody, northern, camping, corn, campfire. · 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空： 1-5：covers,rises,(to) do,plains,earth’s · 单选：1-5：CCDBC； 6-10：CBDBC；11-15：CDCBB；16-20：ACBDC · 【首字母】1-5：kilometres,starts,through,other,useful, 6-10：another,cities,work,problems,best · 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 1-5：farming,mostly,a few,survive,planets， 6-10：breathe,is home to,views,destroy,cover · 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. get in our way 2.a large powerful country 3.such difficult conditions 4.is home to 5.is full of · 表格填空 1-5：strange,circles,how,real,answer, 6-8：termites,good,through 9.They are very useful.（答案不唯一） · 根据句意填入适当的不定代词。 1-5：Nobody, anyone/anybody, anything, nothing, someone/somebody, 6-8：everything, everyone/everybody, something $