内容正文:
新初一英语暑假衔接讲义
(人教版)
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第8讲 be动词与一般现在时
适用年级:七年级(初一)
教材版本:人教版
内容说明:本讲学习be动词am/is/are的用法,以及一般现在时中的肯定/否定/疑问句式
第8讲 be动词与一般现在时
Part 1 知识讲解
一、be动词的三种形式
be动词是英语中最基本的动词,意思是"是",有三种形式:am / is / are。它们在一般现在时中根据主语的人称和数来选用。
主语
be动词
例句
I(第一人称单数)
am
I am a student.
he / she / it(第三人称单数)
is
He is my friend. She is nice. It is a cat.
we / you / they(复数)
are
We are happy. You are kind. They are teachers.
单数名词(the boy / Tom)
is
The boy is tall. Tom is ten.
复数名词(the boys / Tom and Jerry)
are
The boys are in the classroom.
不可数名词(water / news)
is
The news is good.
二、be动词的否定句
在be动词后加not:
• I am not a teacher. 我不是老师。
• He is not (isn't) my brother. 他不是我兄弟。
• They are not (aren't) students. 他们不是学生。
注:am not 没有缩写形式。is not = isn't,are not = aren't。
三、be动词的一般疑问句
把be动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号:
• Are you a student? 你是学生吗?
Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
• Is he your teacher? 他是你的老师吗?
Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
• Are they in the classroom? 他们在教室里吗?
Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
四、主谓一致
主谓一致是指主语和be动词在人称和数上要保持一致:
• I 配 am • 单数主语 / he/she/it 配 is
• 复数主语 / we/you/they 配 are
口诀:I用am,you用are,is跟着他她它;单数is复数are,不可数也用is。
Part 2 典型例题
1. 用am/is/are填空。
(1)I ______ a student. (2)She ______ my sister.
(3)They ______ in the park. (4)This ______ a book.
(5)We ______ happy. (6)Tom and Jerry ______ friends.
【解析】(1)am(I配am)。(2)is(She是第三人称单数)。(3)are(they是复数)。(4)is(this是单数)。(5)are(we是复数)。(6)are(Tom and Jerry是复数主语)。
2. 将下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句。
(1)This is my book.
否定句:____________________ 一般疑问句:____________________
(2)They are teachers.
否定句:____________________ 一般疑问句:____________________
【解析】(1)否定:This is not (isn't) my book. 疑问:Is this your book?
(2)否定:They are not (aren't) teachers. 疑问:Are they teachers?
3. 根据实际情况回答下列问题。
(1)Are you a student? → ____________________
(2)Is your mother a teacher? → ____________________
【解析】(1)Yes, I am.(2)根据实际情况回答,如果是就Yes, she is. 如果不是就No, she isn't.。
Part 3 基础练习
1. 用am/is/are填空。
(1)I ______ a girl. (2)He ______ my friend.
(3)They ______ students. (4)She ______ a teacher.
(5)We ______ in Class 1. (6)It ______ a cat.
(7)You ______ right. (8)The book ______ on the desk.
(9)My parents ______ at home. (10)I ______ ten years old.
2. 将下列句子改为否定句。
(1)This is my pen. → ______________________________
(2)They are in the classroom. → ______________________________
(3)I am a teacher. → ______________________________
(4)She is happy. → ______________________________
3. 将下列句子改为一般疑问句。
(1)He is a student. → ______________________________
(2)They are friends. → ______________________________
(3)This is your bag. → ______________________________
(4)I am in Class 1. → ______________________________
Part 4 提高练习
1. 用be动词的适当形式填空。
(1)There ______ a book on the desk.
(2)There ______ many students in the classroom.
(3)The girl and the boy ______ good friends.
(4)______ you ready?
(5)Where ______ my shoes?
(6)The news ______ very good.
2. 连词成句(注意be动词的正确形式)。
(1)I / a student / be → ______________________________
(2)they / not / at home / be → ______________________________
(3)he / your teacher / be → ______________________________(一般疑问句)
(4)we / good friends / be → ______________________________
3. 改错。
(1)He am a teacher. → ______________________________
(2)They is in the park. → ______________________________
(3)She not are happy. → ______________________________
(4)I is a student. → ______________________________
Part 5 本讲总结
be动词记忆口诀
I用am,you用are,is跟着他她它;
单数is,复数are,不可数名词也用is。
变否定,be后加not,am not单独没缩写;
is not = isn't,are not = aren't,缩写记心间。
变疑问,be提主语前,句尾问号答简略;
肯Yes主+be,否No主+be+not。
本讲重点回顾
✓ be动词三形式:am(I),is(单数),are(复数)
✓ 否定句:be + not;缩写:isn't, aren't(am not无缩写)
✓ 一般疑问句:be提到主语前,简略回答用Yes/No + 主 + be
✓ 主谓一致:主语和be动词的人称/数必须一致
参考答案
Part 2 典型例题
1.(1)am(2)is(3)are(4)is(5)are(6)are
2.(1)This is not (isn't) my book. / Is this your book?
(2)They are not (aren't) teachers. / Are they teachers?
3.(1)Yes, I am.(2)根据实际情况回答。
Part 3 基础练习
1.(1)am(2)is(3)are(4)is(5)are(6)is(7)are(8)is(9)are(10)am
2.(1)This is not (isn't) my pen.
(2)They are not (aren't) in the classroom.
(3)I am not a teacher.
(4)She is not (isn't) happy.
3.(1)Is he a student?(2)Are they friends?
(3)Is this your bag?(4)Are you in Class 1?
Part 4 提高练习
1.(1)is(2)are(3)are(4)Are(5)are(6)is(news不可数)
2.(1)I am a student.(2)They are not at home.
(3)Is he your teacher?(4)We are good friends.
3.(1)He am → He is(2)They is → They are
(3)She not are → She is not / isn't(4)I is → I am
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