内容正文:
新初一英语暑假衔接讲义
(人教版)
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第7讲 代词
适用年级:七年级(初一)
教材版本:人教版
内容说明:本讲学习人称代词(主格/宾格)、物主代词(形容词性/名词性)及指示代词的用法
第7讲 代词
Part 1 知识讲解
一、人称代词:主格 vs 宾格
人称代词用来代替人或事物。按照在句中的位置分为主格(作主语)和宾格(作宾语)。
数
人称
主格(作主语)
宾格(作宾语)
单数
第一人称
I
me
第二人称
you
you
第三人称
he / she / it
him / her / it
复数
第一人称
we
us
第二人称
you
you
第三人称
they
them
记忆要点:
主格放在动词前
I like her.
宾格放在动词/介词后
She likes me.
二、物主代词:形容词性 vs 名词性
物主代词表示"……的"。形容词性物主代词后必须跟名词,名词性物主代词单独使用。
数
人称
形容词性
(+名词)
名词性
(单独用)
例句
单数
第一人称
my
mine
This is my pen. = This is mine.
第二人称
your
yours
Is this your book? = Is this yours?
第三人称
his / her / its
his / hers / its
It's his bag. = It's his.
复数
第一人称
our
ours
This is our classroom. = This is ours.
第二人称
your
yours
Your school is big. = Yours is big.
第三人称
their
theirs
That is their dog. = That is theirs.
对比记忆:名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词
• my book = mine your pen = yours his bag = his
• her desk = hers our class = ours their room = theirs
三、指示代词
指示代词用来"指"人或事物,包括 this/that/these/those。
近指(这儿)
远指(那儿)
单数
this(这个)
that(那个)
复数
these(这些)
those(那些)
• This is my book. 这是我的书。(近处的)
• That is your desk. 那是你的课桌。(远处的)
• These are apples. 这些是苹果。(近处的多个)
• Those are oranges. 那些是橙子。(远处的多个)
Part 2 典型例题
1. 用所给代词的正确形式填空。
(1)______ (I) am a student. ______ (I) teacher is Mrs. Wang.
(2)This is ______ (he) book. Please give it to ______ (he).
(3)______ (they) are my friends. ______ (they) names are Tom and Jack.
(4)This is not my pen. ______ (I) is on the desk.
【解析】(1)I(主格作主语);My(形容词性物主代词+teacher)。(2)his(形容词性+book);him(宾格位于介词to后)。(3)They(主格作主语);Their(形容词性+names)。(4)Mine(名词性,相当于my pen)。
2. 选择正确的代词填空。
(1)______ (This / These) is my sister.
(2)______ (That / Those) are my books.
(3)Look at ______ (that / those) boys over there.
(4)______ (This / These) apples are red.
【解析】(1)This(单数)。(2)Those(复数+are)。(3)those(复数+boys)。(4)These(复数+apples+are)。
3. 改错:找出下列句子中的代词错误并改正。
(1)This is I book. → ____________________
(2)That pen is my. → ____________________
(3)She likes I. → ____________________
【解析】(1)I book → my book(形容词性物主代词+名词)。(2)my → mine(名词性物主代词单独使用)。(3)I → me(宾格作宾语)。
Part 3 基础练习
1. 写出下列代词的对应形式。
(1)I(宾格)→ ______ (2)he(宾格)→ ______ (3)she(宾格)→ ______
(4)they(宾格)→ ______ (5)we(宾格)→ ______ (6)you(宾格)→ ______
(7)I(形容词性物主代词)→ ______ (8)he(名词性物主代词)→ ______
(9)she(名词性物主代词)→ ______ (10)they(形容词性物主代词)→ ______
2. 用适当的代词填空。
(1)______ am a teacher. (I / Me / My)
(2)This is ______ book. (I / me / my)
(3)Please help ______. (he / him / his)
(4)______ is a good student. (Her / She / Hers)
(5)This pen is not mine. ______ is on the desk. (My / Mine / I)
(6)______ are my friends. (Their / Them / They)
(7)Look at ______. (they / them / their)
(8)This is not your bag. ______ is over there. (Your / Yours / You)
3. 用 this/that/these/those 填空。
(1)______ is my pen.(近处的单数)
(2)______ are my books.(近处的复数)
(3)______ is a car over there.(远处的单数)
(4)______ are his friends.(远处的复数)
Part 4 提高练习
1. 用括号内代词的正确形式填空。
(1)______ (I) have a cat. ______ (It) name is Mimi.
(2)______ (They) are in the classroom. ______ (They) teacher is Mr. Li.
(3)This is ______ (you) book. Please take ______ (it) with you.
(4)That is not ______ (she) bag. ______ (She) is on the desk.
(5)______ (We) like ______ (they) very much.
(6)These are not ______ (he) pens. ______ (He) are in his pencil box.
2. 翻译下列句子。
(1)这是我的书。那是他的。
→ ______________________________
(2)这些是我们的教室。那些是他们的。
→ ______________________________
(3)她喜欢他,但他不喜欢她。
→ ______________________________
(4)你的书包在这儿,我的在那边。
→ ______________________________
3. 选择填空。
( )(1)______ pen is red, and ______ is blue.
A. My; her B. Mine; hers C. My; hers D. Mine; her
( )(2)Please give ______ the book.
A. I B. my C. me D. mine
( )(3)______ are my friends. I like ______ very much.
A. They; they B. Them; them C. They; them D. Them; they
( )(4)This is not ______ schoolbag. ______ is blue.
A. her; Hers B. she; Hers C. her; Her D. hers; Her
Part 5 本讲总结
代词记忆口诀
人称代词分主宾,主格作主宾格跟;
I/you/he/she/it 作主语,me/you/him/her/it 作宾语。
物主代词分两种,形容词后加名词;
名词性单独用,my = mine, your = yours。
this/that 是单数,these/those 表复数;
近处 this/these 远处 that/those,指示清楚不会错。
本讲重点回顾
✓ 人称代词主格(作主语):I, you, he, she, it, we, they
✓ 人称代词宾格(作宾语):me, you, him, her, it, us, them
✓ 形容词性物主代词(+名词):my, your, his, her, its, our, their
✓ 名词性物主代词(单独用):mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
✓ 指示代词:this(近单)/ these(近复)/ that(远单)/ those(远复)
✓ 最易错点:形容词性物主代词不能单独用(my book✓ / my✓×)
参考答案
Part 2 典型例题
1.(1)I; My(2)his; him(3)They; Their(4)Mine
2.(1)This(2)Those(3)those(4)These
3.(1)I book → my book(2)my → mine(3)I → me
Part 3 基础练习
1.(1)me(2)him(3)her(4)them(5)us(6)you
(7)my(8)his(9)hers(10)their
2.(1)I(2)my(3)him(4)She(5)Mine(6)They(7)them(8)Yours
3.(1)This(2)These(3)That(4)Those
Part 4 提高练习
1.(1)I; Its(2)They; Their(3)your; it(4)her; Hers(5)We; them(6)his; His
2.(1)This is my book. That is his.
(2)These are our classrooms. Those are theirs.
(3)She likes him, but he doesn't like her.
(4)Your schoolbag is here. Mine is over there.
3.(1)C(2)C(3)C(4)A
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