辽宁省大连市八年级英语下学期期末阶段测试外研版Units 1-6

**基本信息** 以Postcrossing网站、死海生态、亚洲顶尖大学等真实情境为载体，融合文化传承（中国风筝）、社会热点（垃圾处理）与科技应用，通过多模态语篇考查语言理解与表达，培育跨文化意识和批判性思维。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|20题/40分|细节查找、主旨归纳、推理判断|原创网站文本（A篇）、新话题手办收藏（第二节），梯度设题从事实信息到深层理解| |完形填空|10题/10分|词汇辨析、语境理解|中国风筝文化主题，考查"treasure""creativity"等核心词，渗透文化认同| |语篇填空|10题/10分|语法应用（时态、词性转换）、上下文连贯|云南采茶仪式情境，设题"celebrate""wisely"，体现传统文化与生态智慧| |阅读与表达|4题/10分|信息提取、观点表达|沙特垃圾处理热点，第44题开放作答，培养问题解决能力| |书面表达|1题/20分|应用文写作|夏令营邮件写作，真实交际任务，考查语言运用的实用性|

Sheet1 题号 题型 分值 知识点 难度系数（预估） 1 阅读理解 2 Postcrossing项目信息获取（细节理解） 0.8 2 阅读理解 2 Postcrossing项目信息获取（细节理解） 0.7 3 阅读理解 2 Postcrossing项目数据细节（细节理解） 0.7 4 阅读理解 2 文本体裁判断（推理判断） 0.6 5 阅读理解 2 死海漂浮原因（细节理解） 0.7 6 阅读理解 2 死海面临问题（细节理解） 0.7 7 阅读理解 2 死海中存活的生物（细节理解） 0.7 8 阅读理解 2 文章主旨大意（主旨大意） 0.6 9 阅读理解 2 文章开篇方式判断（推理判断） 0.7 10 阅读理解 2 道歉研究相关细节（细节理解） 0.65 11 阅读理解 2 观点态度推断（推理判断） 0.6 12 阅读理解 2 最佳标题选择（主旨大意） 0.6 13 阅读理解 2 清华大学校园美丽的原因（细节理解） 0.75 14 阅读理解 2 划线词“home”在语境中的含义（词义猜测） 0.7 15 阅读理解 2 新加坡国立大学的优势学科（细节理解） 0.7 16 阅读理解 2 文章细节判断正误（细节理解） 0.7 17 还原文章五选四 2 手办收藏原因——表达喜爱 0.7 18 还原文章五选四 2 手办收藏原因——放松与学习技能 0.6 19 还原文章五选四 2 手办收藏原因——连接其他粉丝 0.7 20 还原文章五选四 2 手办收藏原因——保存童年记忆 0.7 21 完形填空 1 名词辨析（中国传统文化瑰宝） 0.7 22 完形填空 1 动词辨析（制作要求高技能） 0.65 23 完形填空 1 形容词辨析（风筝框架轻便） 0.65 24 完形填空 1 动词短语辨析（增添欢乐气氛） 0.6 25 完形填空 1 动词辨析（表达愿望） 0.6 26 完形填空 1 动词短语辨析（驱除疾病） 0.55 27 完形填空 1 名词辨析（艺术家的创造力） 0.7 28 完形填空 1 名词辨析（风筝图案） 0.7 29 完形填空 1 形容词固定搭配（富含文化意义） 0.6 30 完形填空 1 副词辨析（国际上的受欢迎程度） 0.7 31 语篇填空 1 名词复数（tea leaves） 0.7 32 语篇填空 1 形容词转换（cultural ceremony） 0.6 33 语篇填空 1 非谓语动词（to celebrate表目的） 0.6 34 语篇填空 1 冠词（a tradition） 0.75 35 语篇填空 1 时态-现在完成时（have been） 0.6 36 语篇填空 1 固定搭配（key to doing） 0.6 37 语篇填空 1 形容词副词转换（wisely） 0.65 38 语篇填空 1 连词（because表原因） 0.6 39 语篇填空 1 形容词性物主代词（their） 0.75 40 语篇填空 1 形容词比较级（easier） 0.65 41 阅读与表达 2 细节获取（沙特阿拉伯每年固体废物产量） 0.7 42 阅读与表达 2 细节获取（能源需求增加的原因） 0.7 43 阅读与表达 2 细节获取（生物燃料的原材料） 0.6 44 阅读与表达 4 观点表达（变废为能的利弊分析，30词以上） 0.6 45 书面表达 20 邮件写作（夏令营活动通知、建议询问、期待回复） 0.5 $ 辽宁省大连市八年级下学期期末阶段测试 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：90分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。请考生将自己的姓名填写在答题卡上。 2．请考生将第Ⅰ卷答案用2B铅笔在答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试范围：新教材外研版八下Unit 1-6。 5．难度系数：0.65。 第一部分 选择题 （共50分） 一、阅读理解。（本题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 [原创] A HOME SIGN UP EXPLORE BLOG FORUM HELP ABOUT What is Postcrossing？ It’s a project that allows you to send postcards and receive postcards back from random people around the world. Learn more. How does it work? 1. Request an address and a Postcard ID 2. Mail a postcard to that address 3. Receive a postcard from another postcrosser! 4. Register the Postcard ID you have received 5. Go to number 1 to receive more postcards! Create an account — It’s free！ Postcrossing in numbers: 807,746 members 207 countries 86,768,871 postcards received 290 received in the last hour 402,791 postcards traveling 444,405,067,086 km traveled 11,089,334 laps around the world 1. How much does it cost to create an account? A. 1 dollar B. unknown C. 290 dollar D. for free 2. What can you do on postcrossing？ A. send postcards to a particular person. B. send postcards without any address. C. receive postcards only from your own country. D. receive postcards all over the world. 3. How many users does Postcrossing have? A. 807,746 B. 86,768,871 C. 402,791 D. 11,089,334 4. What is the text most probably? A. An ad B. a website C. A text book D. A poster 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了Postcrossing项目的基本概念、运作方式、相关数据等信息，旨在邀请用户注册并参与全球明信片互寄活动。 【详解】1．文中“Create an account — It’s free!”明确说明创建账户是免费的，因此答案为D。 2．文中提到“receive postcards back from random people around the world”以及“Receive a postcard from another postcrosser!”，说明可以收到来自世界各地的明信片，因此D正确。A错在“a particular person”（特定的人），实际是随机寄送；B错在“without any address”（无地址），实际需要填写地址；C错在“only from your own country”（仅来自本国），实际来自全球。 3．文中“Postcrossing in numbers”部分第一项即为“807,746 members”，因此用户数为807,746，答案为A。其他数字分别为已收到明信片数量（B）、旅行中明信片数量（C）、绕地球圈数（D）。 4．页面顶部有导航栏“HOME | SIGN UP | EXPLORE | BLOG | FORUM | HELP | ABOUT”，下方有项目介绍、操作步骤、数据统计及注册按钮，整体结构与常见网页一致，因此最可能是一个网站（B）。A（广告）过于片面；C（教科书）缺乏互动和界面特征；D（海报）通常无导航栏和超链接式文案。 B The Dead Sea, located between Israel and Jordan, is not a real sea but a salt lake. It is one of the most unique (独特的) natural wonders on Earth. With a salt content much higher than that of ordinary seas, it allows people to float (漂浮) easily on its surface—you can even read a book while floating! The Dead Sea is about 430 metres below sea level, making it the lowest point on Earth’s land surface. Rivers flow into it, but there is no outlet (出口) for water to flow out. Over time, the water evaporates (蒸发), leaving behind large amounts of salt and minerals. This is why the lake is so salty. However, the Dead Sea is facing a serious problem. Because of human activities, people take too much water from the rivers that feed it. As a result, the water level of the Dead Sea is dropping year by year, and its area is getting smaller. If this continues, the Dead Sea may dry up within the next 100 years. Although it is called the Dead Sea, it is not completely lifeless. Some special bacteria and algae (细菌和藻类) can survive in its extremely salty water. Around the Dead Sea, some special plants and animals can live in the hard conditions. 5. Why can people float easily on the Dead Sea? A. Because it is very deep. B. Because its water is very clear. C. Because its salt content is very high. D. Because it is a large lake. 6. What problem is the Dead Sea facing? A. Its salt content is increasing. B. Its water level is rising. C. Its area is getting smaller. D. It is being harmed by humans. 7. Which of the following can survive in the Dead Sea? A. Fish and shrimp. B. Bacteria and algae. C. Dolphins and whales. D. Trees and flowers. 8. What is the main idea of this passage? A. To explain why the Dead Sea is so salty. B. To suggest ways to protect the Dead Sea. C. To describe the plants and animals in the Dead Sea. D. To introduce the Dead Sea and its current situation. 【答案】5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文主要讲述死海的地理特征、高盐度导致的浮力现象、面临的水位下降问题以及其中存活的生物。 【详解】5．第一段“With a salt content much higher than that of ordinary seas, it allows people to float easily on its surface”，人们可以在死海上轻松漂浮是“因为死海的含盐量非常高”。 6．第三段“As a result, the water level of the Dead Sea is dropping year by year, and its area is getting smaller”，死海面临的问题是“面积变小”。 7．第四段“Some special bacteria and algae (细菌和藻类) can survive in its extremely salty water”，“细菌和藻类”能在死海生存。 8．文章第一段介绍了死海的地理位置和漂浮特点，第二段解释了高盐度成因，第三段说明了死海面临的水位下降和面积缩小问题，第四段介绍了其中的生物。整篇文章”旨在介绍死海及其当前状况“。 C We all make mistakes in our daily lives. For example, we may break a classmate’s favourite cup by accident. Or we may say something impolite when arguing with a friend. In such situations, it’s important to know how to say sorry and repair the relationship in time. But how do you make sure your apology (道歉) sounds sincere (真诚的)? Well, a recent finding shows that people are more willing to accept apologies using more words.       Not long ago, Shiri Lev-Ari, a professor from the University of London, did two studies about making apologies. In the first one, she searched for 50 apologetic posts online. Then she compared these posts to normal posts written by the same people. She found that their apologetic posts were far longer than the normal ones. However, the words used in apologies were as common as those in the other posts. They weren’t unusual or difficult to understand. In the second study, Lev-Ari asked 49 volunteers to read three different versions (说法) of the same apologetic sentence. The three versions had the same meaning, but they differed in length (长度). The volunteers all agreed the longest sentence sounded the most apologetic. “An apology seems to be more sincere if it takes more effort to say it. When you use more words, it looks like you’ve put more thought into the apology,” said Lev-Ari. In future studies, Lev-Ari hopes to find if using big words will help. She also wonders if saying sorry face-to-face is better than sending an apologetic message. For now, a sincere apology with enough words is a good way to say sorry. 9. How does the writer start the text? A．By asking questions. B．By using sayings. C．By giving examples. D．By offering numbers. 10. What do we know about the two studies? A．A professor from a British university did them. B．They are about people’s opinions on apologies. C．Fifty volunteers took part in the second study. D．The first study shows making apologies online is useless. 11. What may Lev-Ari agree with? A．People had better show their efforts in apologies. B．Sentences with fewer words are more apologetic. C．People should use unusual words when saying sorry. D．The two studies have shown completely different results. 12. What is the best title for the text? A．The power of simple words B．The importance of saying sorry C．Making apologies - the sooner, the better D．More words, more sincerity in “sorry” 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．A 12．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了伦敦大学的教授Shiri Lev-Ari关于道歉的两项研究，发现道歉时使用更多的词语会让人感觉更真诚。 【详解】9．原文第一段提到“We all make mistakes in our daily lives. For example, we may break a classmate’s favourite cup by accident. Or we may say something impolite when arguing with a friend.”，作者通过举例生活中常见的犯错场景来引出话题。 10．原文第二段提到“Not long ago, Shiri Lev-Ari, a professor from the University of London, did two studies about making apologies.”，伦敦大学属于英国的大学，所以这两项研究是由一位英国大学的教授开展的；第二项研究的志愿者是49人，不是50人；研究的内容是道歉的长度与真诚度的关系，不是人们对道歉的看法；第一项研究也没有表明网上道歉没用。 11．原文第三段提到“An apology seems to be more sincere if it takes more effort to say it. When you use more words, it looks like you’ve put more thought into the apology”，说明她认为人们最好在道歉中展现出自己的用心和努力，而不是用更少的词、不寻常的词，两项研究的结果也是一致的，并非完全不同。 12．全文围绕“道歉时使用更多的词语会让人感觉更真诚”这一核心观点展开，介绍了相关研究，所以最佳标题是“More words, more sincerity in ‘sorry’”。 D [原创] Top three universities in Asia 1. Tsinghua University, China Tsinghua University is one of the most difficult universities to get into in China. It only accepts students who get very high scores on the national exams. The university is in northwest Beijing, in an area with many schools and colleges. It was built on the old site of the Qing dynasty royal gardens, so the campus is very beautiful. In fact, it has been named one of the most beautiful campuses in the world. Many of its graduates become influential at home and abroad. For example, Chen-Ning Yang, a Nobel Prize winner in physics, is connected with Tsinghua. 2. Peking University, China Peking University was the first modern national university in China. It was founded at the end of the 19th century. The university teaches and does research in science, social science, and the humanities. But it is best known internationally for physical sciences and engineering. After moving to its current location in 1952, the main campus is now on the old site of the Qing dynasty imperial gardens. It still has some of the original gardens, pagodas, and old buildings. Many famous thinkers in China are graduates of Peking University. Three Nobel Prize winners are also connected with the university. 3. National University of Singapore, Singapore The National University of Singapore is the oldest university in Singapore and has the most students. It is excellent at research and new ideas. The university is ranked among the top 20 in the world. It gets especially high scores for research and its international outlook. It also does very well in engineering, technology, law, and computer science. Notable graduates include four prime ministers and presidents of Singapore, two prime ministers of Malaysia, and many other politicians, businesspeople, and local stars. 13. What makes Tsinghua University’s campus beautiful? A. It has many modern buildings. B. It was built on the old site of the Qing dynasty royal gardens. C. It is in the center of Beijing. D. It has a very large library. 14. What does the underlined word “home” mean? A. Beijing. B. Yang’s motherland C. Tsinghua D. the whole world 15. What does the National University of Singapore do very well in? A. Art and music. B. History and philosophy. C. Engineering, technology, law, and computer science. D. Medicine and nursing. 16. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Tsinghua University accepts all students who want to study there. B. Peking University still has some of the original gardens and pagodas. C. The National University of Singapore is the youngest university in Singapore. D. Chen-Ning Yang is a graduate of Peking University. 【答案】13．B 14．B 15．C 16．B 【导语】本文介绍了亚洲排名前三的大学，分别是中国的清华大学、北京大学和新加坡的新加坡国立大学，说明了它们的特点、优势及知名校友等信息。 【详解】13．文中提到清华大学校园时写道：“It was built on the old site of the Qing dynasty royal gardens, so the campus is very beautiful.” 这说明清华大学的美丽是因为它建在清代皇家园林旧址之上，因此B正确。A、C、D文中未提及为美丽的原因。 14．文中“Many of its graduates become influential at home and abroad.”一句中，“at home and abroad”是固定短语，意为“在国内外”。其中“home”指“本国”，即中国。杨振宁是与中国相关的诺贝尔奖得主，因此“home”在此上下文中可理解为“Yang’s motherland”（杨振宁的祖国）。故B正确。A、C、D均不符合“home”在此短语中的含义。 15．文中介绍新加坡国立大学时写道：“It also does very well in engineering, technology, law, and computer science.” 因此C正确。A、B、D文中未提及。 16．文中北京大学部分明确写道：“It still has some of the original gardens, pagodas, and old buildings.” 因此B正确。A错误，清华大学只录取高分学生，而非所有申请者；C错误，新加坡国立大学是新加坡最古老的大学；D错误，杨振宁与清华大学相关，而非北京大学。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 [新话题] Collecting action figures (手办) is becoming really popular. You may wonder why some people enjoy action figure collecting and may even want to get into it yourself. Here are some of the most common reasons. Just for love Some people like something like X-Men, Transformers, Harry Potter, etc. ____17____ Of course, some people collect some special toys just because they think the designs are fun and cool. As a hobby Many people collect action figures as a hobby. They collect them simply for the joy of having a collection of their favorite characters. They may also show them in their home as a conversation piece and show off their collection. ____18____ Being part of pop culture (流行文化) Many people take part in pop culture by collecting action figures. It’s a way to stay connected with the stories and characters they love and can be a source (来源) of pride and joy. ____19____ People can join clubs and meetings or connect online with other collectors and share photos and stories. It’s a good way to stay in touch with pop culture and to make friends with like-minded (志趣相投的) people. As a childhood reminder (提醒) Action figures can be a reminder of people’s childhood when they first found the characters and stories they love. ____20____ It can also make sure that the characters and stories that people love will live on. A．It is also a good way to make money. B．It is also a great way to connect with other fans. C．Collecting them can be a way to keep childhood memories alive. D．This hobby can help people relax and even let them learn new skills. E．Collecting figures from that series can be their way of showing love for it. 【答案】17．E 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们收集手办的几种常见原因，包括出于喜爱、作为爱好、融入流行文化以及作为童年的纪念。 【详解】17．前文指出有些人喜欢某些作品如《X战警》《变形金刚》《哈利·波特》等，后文说明有些人收集特定玩具只是因为觉得设计有趣又酷，E选项“Collecting figures from that series can be their way of showing love for it.”承接前文关于喜爱特定作品的内容，解释了收集手办是表达喜爱的一种方式，与后文关于设计趣味的内容形成并列关系。 18．前文指出收集手办作为一种爱好，人们可以展示收藏作为话题并炫耀藏品，后文需要补充这种爱好的其他特点，D选项“This hobby can help people relax and even let them learn new skills.”补充了收集手办带来的放松和学习新技能的好处，与前后文关于爱好价值的内容形成逻辑关系。 19．前文指出收集手办是与所爱故事和角色保持联系的一种方式，可以成为自豪和快乐的来源，后文说明人们可以加入俱乐部或在线与其他收藏者交流，B选项“It is also a great way to connect with other fans.”具体指出了收集手办在连接其他粉丝方面的作用，与后文关于社交活动的内容形成逻辑关系。 20．前文指出手办可以成为人们童年的纪念，后文说明它也能确保所爱的角色和故事得以传承，C选项“Collecting them can be a way to keep childhood memories alive.”总结了收集手办对保存童年记忆的作用，与后文关于传承的内容形成逻辑关系。 二、完形填空。（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Kites are special to Chinese people and connect with our early childhood days. They are not only fun toys, but also a ____21____ of Chinese traditional culture. The making of traditional Chinese kites ____22____ high skill levels. The frame (框架) of the kite is usually made of bamboo, and it must be both strong and ____23____. So the kite can fly up easily. Different areas have their own kite-making features. For example, Beijing-style kites are known for their beautiful details, while Weifang kites are famous for their flying qualities. During traditional Chinese festivals, such as Qingming and Mid-Autumn Festival, kite-flying is an important activity that ____24____ a touch of joy to the festive atmosphere (气氛). Kites not only ____25____ people’s wishes for freedom but also symbolize health. In ancient times, it was believed that kites could ____26____ diseases, so people flew kites with the hope of keeping off evil and bad luck. The art forms of kites range from single-line kites to multi-line kites. In kite design, Chinese kite artists have shown great ____27____. Many kites are painted with beautiful ____28____, such as dragons, flowers, birds, and traditional totems (图腾) that are ____29____ in cultural meanings. These kites are not only loved in China but also enjoy great popularity ____30____, becoming a calling card for Chinese culture. 21．A．copy B．secret C．shape D．treasure 22．A．suggests B．requires C．represents D．accepts 23．A．tiny B．smooth C．simple D．light 24．A．puts B．takes C．adds D．attracts 25．A．send B．express C．impress D．stand 26．A．carry on B．carry out C．carry away D．carry over 27．A．creativity B．advantage C．experience D．knowledge 28．A．description B．patterns C．marks D．lines 29．A．priceless B．deep C．rich D．classic 30．A．widely B．quickly C．internationally D．nationally 【答案】 21．D 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．C 【导语】本文介绍中国风筝的文化价值、制作工艺、节日寓意及艺术设计，展现其作为传统文化瑰宝的独特魅力与国际影响力。 【详解】21．句意：它们不仅是有趣的玩具，更是中国传统文化的瑰宝。 根据后文对风筝的文化价值的描述，可知风筝是文化的“瑰宝/珍宝”，故选treasure。“copy”副本，“secret”秘密，“shape”形状，均不符合。 22．句意：中国传统风筝的制作要求很高的技能水平。 根据后文描述制作风筝的复杂过程，可知制作“要求/需要”很高的技能，故选requires。“suggests”建议，“represents”代表，“accepts”接受，均不符合。 23．句意：风筝的框架通常由竹子制成，必须既坚固又轻便。 根据后文“So the kite can fly up easily”，可知框架需要既坚固又“轻的/轻便的”，故选light。 24．句意：……放风筝是一项重要活动，为节日气氛增添了一抹欢乐。 “adds...to”意为“为……增添……”，符合语境，故选adds。“puts”放置，“takes”带走，“attracts”吸引，均不符合。 25．句意：风筝不仅表达了人们对自由的愿望，也象征着健康。 根据后文“symbolize health”，并列结构，此处应表示“表达”愿望，故选express。 26．句意：在古代，人们相信风筝能够驱除疾病……。 根据后文“keeping off evil and bad luck”，可知风筝被相信能“驱除/带走”疾病，“carry away”在此处意为“带走/驱除”，符合语境，故选carry away。“carry on”继续，“carry out”执行，“carry over”延续/结转，均不符合。 27．句意：在风筝设计中，中国风筝艺术家展现了极大的创造力。 根据前文介绍了不同地区的风筝特色以及设计的变化多样，可知艺术家展现了“创造力”，故选creativity。 28．句意：许多风筝绘有美丽的图案，如龙、花、鸟以及传统图腾，这些图腾富含文化意义。 根据后文列举的内容“dragons, flowers, birds, and traditional totems”，这些都是风筝上的“图案”，故选patterns。 29．句意：许多风筝绘有美丽的图案，如龙、花、鸟以及传统图腾，这些图腾富含文化意义。 根据常识，风筝上面的图案含有文化意义，“rich in”意为“富含/富有……”，固定搭配，符合语境，故选rich。 30．句意：这些风筝不仅在中国受到喜爱，在国际上也广受欢迎……。 根据后文“becoming a calling card for Chinese culture”，可知风筝在国际上也受欢迎，用“internationally” (国际性地)。 第二部分 非选择题 （共40分） 三、语篇填空。（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 [原创] KUNMING, April — When spring comes, it is the best time to pick tea ____31____ (leaf). In Lancang County, Yunnan Province, local people held a ____32____ (culture) ceremony at Jingmai Mountain ____33____ (celebrate) the start of the tea-picking season. This ceremony takes place at the end of March every year. It is ____34____ tradition of the Blang and Dai ethnic minorities (布朗族和傣族少数民族). They show respect to the ancient tea forest and remember their ancestors (祖先) before picking the tea leaves. Jingmai Mountain is famous for its ancient tea forests. For centuries, the tea forests ____35____ (be) an important part of local people’s lives. The key ____36____ keeping harmony between humans and nature is to use the land ____37____ (wise), says a local researcher. The village is on the mountainside, close to the tea forest, ____38____ the farmland is in low areas with lots of water. In this way, farming does not hurt ____39____ (they) tea forest. Xiong calls this farming way “vertical land use (垂直土地利用).” Xian Gong, 39, started a farmers’ cooperative in 2010 in Jingmai Village. Later, she built it into a company with a tea factory, a hostel, and a shop. Today, more and more villagers sell tea through live streaming (直播) because it is ____40____ (easy) than traditional selling. They also share their daily lives online. “This tea mountain is the most valuable legacy from our ancestors. It is our duty to protect it and make good use of it,” Xian Gong said. 【答案】 31. leaves 32. cultural 33. to celebrate 34. a 35. have been 36. to 37. wisely 38. because 39. their 40. easier 【导语】本文介绍了云南省澜沧县景迈山的采茶传统。每年三月底，布朗族和傣族同胞会举行文化仪式，在采摘茶叶前向古茶林和祖先表达敬意。文章还说明了当地人与自然和谐共处的“垂直土地利用”方式，以及村民通过合作社、直播等方式发展茶产业的现代做法。 【详解】31. 句中 “pick tea _____” 意为“采摘茶叶”，英文中 “tea leaves” 表示“茶叶”，且常用复数形式。括号内提示词为 “leaf”，需变为复数 “leaves”。故填 leaves。 32. 句中 “a _____ ceremony” 意为“一个……的仪式”，需要用形容词修饰名词 “ceremony”。括号内提示词为 “culture”（名词），其形容词形式为 “cultural”（文化的）。故填 cultural。 33. 句中 “held a ceremony _____ the start” 意为“举行仪式……季节的开始”，此处需要用不定式表示目的，意为“为了庆祝”。故填 to celebrate。 34. 句中 “It is _____ tradition” 意为“这是一个传统”，tradition 为可数名词单数，且第一次提及，需用不定冠词 “a”。故填 a。 35. 句中 “For centuries, the tea forests _____ an important part” 意为“几个世纪以来，茶林……重要的一部分”。“for centuries” 是现在完成时的标志，主语 “tea forests” 为复数，故填 have been。 36. 句中 “The key _____ keeping harmony” 为固定搭配 “the key to doing sth.”，意为“……的关键”，其中 “to” 是介词。故填 to。 37. 句中 “use the land _____” 意为“……地使用土地”，需要用副词修饰动词 “use”。括号内提示词为 “wise”（形容词），其副词形式为 “wisely”（明智地）。故填 wisely。 38. 句意为“村子坐落在山腰上，靠近茶林，……农田位于水源充足的低洼地区”。前后为因果关系（因为农田在低处，所以村子建在山腰以免干扰），需用连词 “because”。故填 because。 39. 句中 “does not hurt _____ tea forest” 意为“不会伤害……茶林”，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰 “tea forest”。前文提到 “the village” 和当地居民，故用 “their”（他们的）。故填 their。 40. 句中 “because it is _____ than traditional selling” 意为“因为这比传统销售方式……”，句中有 “than” 标志，需要用比较级。括号内提示词为 “easy”，其比较级为 “easier”。故填 easier。 四、阅读与表达。（本题共4小题，41-43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分;满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 [原创] [社会热点] Solid Waste Management In 2007, King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in Saudi Arabia (沙特阿拉伯) set up two research centers. One of them is the Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES). Researchers at the CEES are trying to find better ways to use natural resources, including waste. Saudi Arabia has a big problem with solid waste. The country produces over 15 million tonnes of solid waste every year. Most of the waste is put into landfills or just dumped somewhere. Very little of it is recycled. However, landfills will be full in about ten years. So the country needs new ways to deal with its waste. At the same time, Saudi Arabia needs more and more energy because its population is growing. To solve both problems at once, the solid waste research group at the CEES is working on turning waste into energy. They use a natural material called zeolites. Zeolites are minerals found in volcanic rock and ash. People traditionally used them in cement and building stones. Now, the researchers are using them to make waste-to-energy technology cheaper and more effective. The group is also studying how to use grass to make biofuels. 41. How much solid waste does Saudi Arabia produce every year? ___________________________________________________________________________ 42. Why does Saudi Arabia need more and more energy? ___________________________________________________________________________ 43. What are the researchers studying to make biofuels? ___________________________________________________________________________ 44. Do you think turning waste into energy is a good idea? Why or why not? Write 30 words or more. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 41. Over 15 million tonnes. / More than 15 million tonnes. 42. Because its population is growing. 43. Grass. 44. Yes, I do. Because it can solve two problems at the same time. It helps reduce waste and also creates energy. This is good for the environment and for people. We should try to make better use of things we throw away. 【导语】本文介绍了沙特阿拉伯面临的固体废物管理问题以及阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学（KAU）环境研究中心通过将废物转化为能源来同时解决废物和能源短缺问题的研究努力。 【详解】41. 根据第二段“The country produces over 15 million tonnes of solid waste every year.”可知，沙特阿拉伯每年产生超过1500万吨固体废物。答案可简写为“Over 15 million tonnes.”或“More than 15 million tonnes.”。 42. 根据第二段最后一句“Saudi Arabia’s energy needs are increasing, fuelled by a growing population.”可知，沙特阿拉伯能源需求增加是因为人口增长。因此答案为“Because its population is growing.”。 43. 根据最后一段最后一句“The group is also investigating the use of grass as a raw material for producing biofuels.”可知，研究人员正在研究用草来生产生物燃料。因此答案为“Grass.”。 44. 开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。 五、书面表达。（本题共20分） 45. 假定你是李辉，今年暑假，你校将与英国友好校联合举办夏令营活动。作为此次活动的联络员，请你给对方负责老师 Mr. Green 写一封邮件， 内容包括： (1) 告知对方活动的主题及内容； (2) 询问对方对活动的建议； (3) 期盼尽快回复。 注意： (1) 词数 80~100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； (3) 邮件中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear Mr. Green, How is everything going? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hui 【参考范文】 Dear Mr. Green, How is everything going? I’m writing to tell you about the coming summer camp that is organized by our school for this summer vacation. The theme will be “Exploring Cultural Diversity”. We are going to have some fun activities like cultural workshops, team-building games, and a talent show. We hope this will strengthen our friendship and open the students’ eyes. Could you share your suggestions about the schedule and activities? Your advice will help us to make the camp a success. Looking forward to your early reply. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hui 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇电子邮件； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”； ③提示：写作要点已经给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点；注意适当发挥，完善表述内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，承接开头，告诉对方自己的暑期打算； 第二步，询问对方的建议； 第三步，书写结语，期待对方的回复。 [亮点词汇] ①summer vacation暑假 ②strengthen our friendship增强我们的友谊 ③look forward to期待 [高分句型] ①I’m writing to tell you about the coming summer camp that is organized by our school for this summer vacation.（that引导的定语从句） ②We hope this will strengthen our friendship and open the students’ eyes.（省略that的宾语从句） 【作文评分标准】 第一档 (18-20分) 很好地完成了规定的写作任务。包含所有内容要点;结构完整，语言流畅，意思清楚，连贯。使用较为丰富的语言结构和词汇，语言和词汇错误极少，格式正确，书写规范。 第二档 (14-17分) 较好地完成了规定的写作任务。基本上包含了所有内容要点，结构较为完整，语句完整，意思清楚。语法结构和词汇错误较少，格式基本正确，书写较为规范。 第三档 (10-13分) 基本上完成了规定的写作任务。包含主要内容要点，结构欠完整，少数语句不通顺，意思基本清楚。语法结构和词汇错误较多，格式基本正确，书写基本规范。 第四档 (6-9分) 未能按要求完成规定的写作任务。只包含少数的内容要点，结构不完整，多数语句欠完整，意思不够清楚。语法结构和词汇错误较多，影响理解，格式不正确，书写欠规范。 第五档 (0-5分) 未能按要求完成规定的写作任务。只写出个别要点。结构不完整，多数语句不完整或意思不明，语法错误很 多，书写不规范。 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 辽宁省大连市八年级下学期期末阶段测试 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：90分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。请考生将自己的姓名填写在答题卡上。 2．请考生将第Ⅰ卷答案用2B铅笔在答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试范围：新教材外研版八下Unit 1-6。 5．难度系数：0.65。 第一部分 选择题 （共50分） 一、阅读理解。（本题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 [原创] A HOME SIGN UP EXPLORE BLOG FORUM HELP ABOUT What is Postcrossing？ It’s a project that allows you to send postcards and receive postcards back from random people around the world. Learn more. How does it work? 1. Request an address and a Postcard ID 2. Mail a postcard to that address 3. Receive a postcard from another postcrosser! 4. Register the Postcard ID you have received 5. Go to number 1 to receive more postcards! Create an account — It’s free！ Postcrossing in numbers: 807,746 members 207 countries 86,768,871 postcards received 290 received in the last hour 402,791 postcards traveling 444,405,067,086 km traveled 11,089,334 laps around the world 1. How much does it cost to create an account? A. 1 dollar B. unknown C. 290 dollar D. for free 2. What can you do on postcrossing？ A. send postcards to a particular person. B. send postcards without any address. C. receive postcards only from your own country. D. receive postcards all over the world. 3. How many users does Postcrossing have? A. 807,746 B. 86,768,871 C. 402,791 D. 11,089,334 4. What is the text most probably? A. An ad B. a website C. A text book D. A poster B The Dead Sea, located between Israel and Jordan, is not a real sea but a salt lake. It is one of the most unique (独特的) natural wonders on Earth. With a salt content much higher than that of ordinary seas, it allows people to float (漂浮) easily on its surface—you can even read a book while floating! The Dead Sea is about 430 metres below sea level, making it the lowest point on Earth’s land surface. Rivers flow into it, but there is no outlet (出口) for water to flow out. Over time, the water evaporates (蒸发), leaving behind large amounts of salt and minerals. This is why the lake is so salty. However, the Dead Sea is facing a serious problem. Because of human activities, people take too much water from the rivers that feed it. As a result, the water level of the Dead Sea is dropping year by year, and its area is getting smaller. If this continues, the Dead Sea may dry up within the next 100 years. Although it is called the Dead Sea, it is not completely lifeless. Some special bacteria and algae (细菌和藻类) can survive in its extremely salty water. Around the Dead Sea, some special plants and animals can live in the hard conditions. 5. Why can people float easily on the Dead Sea? A. Because it is very deep. B. Because its water is very clear. C. Because its salt content is very high. D. Because it is a large lake. 6. What problem is the Dead Sea facing? A. Its salt content is increasing. B. Its water level is rising. C. Its area is getting smaller. D. It is being harmed by humans. 7. Which of the following can survive in the Dead Sea? A. Fish and shrimp. B. Bacteria and algae. C. Dolphins and whales. D. Trees and flowers. 8. What is the main idea of this passage? A. To explain why the Dead Sea is so salty. B. To suggest ways to protect the Dead Sea. C. To describe the plants and animals in the Dead Sea. D. To introduce the Dead Sea and its current situation. C We all make mistakes in our daily lives. For example, we may break a classmate’s favourite cup by accident. Or we may say something impolite when arguing with a friend. In such situations, it’s important to know how to say sorry and repair the relationship in time. But how do you make sure your apology (道歉) sounds sincere (真诚的)? Well, a recent finding shows that people are more willing to accept apologies using more words.       Not long ago, Shiri Lev-Ari, a professor from the University of London, did two studies about making apologies. In the first one, she searched for 50 apologetic posts online. Then she compared these posts to normal posts written by the same people. She found that their apologetic posts were far longer than the normal ones. However, the words used in apologies were as common as those in the other posts. They weren’t unusual or difficult to understand. In the second study, Lev-Ari asked 49 volunteers to read three different versions (说法) of the same apologetic sentence. The three versions had the same meaning, but they differed in length (长度). The volunteers all agreed the longest sentence sounded the most apologetic. “An apology seems to be more sincere if it takes more effort to say it. When you use more words, it looks like you’ve put more thought into the apology,” said Lev-Ari. In future studies, Lev-Ari hopes to find if using big words will help. She also wonders if saying sorry face-to-face is better than sending an apologetic message. For now, a sincere apology with enough words is a good way to say sorry. 9. How does the writer start the text? A．By asking questions. B．By using sayings. C．By giving examples. D．By offering numbers. 10. What do we know about the two studies? A．A professor from a British university did them. B．They are about people’s opinions on apologies. C．Fifty volunteers took part in the second study. D．The first study shows making apologies online is useless. 11. What may Lev-Ari agree with? A．People had better show their efforts in apologies. B．Sentences with fewer words are more apologetic. C．People should use unusual words when saying sorry. D．The two studies have shown completely different results. 12. What is the best title for the text? A．The power of simple words B．The importance of saying sorry C．Making apologies - the sooner, the better D．More words, more sincerity in “sorry” D [原创] Top three universities in Asia 1. Tsinghua University, China Tsinghua University is one of the most difficult universities to get into in China. It only accepts students who get very high scores on the national exams. The university is in northwest Beijing, in an area with many schools and colleges. It was built on the old site of the Qing dynasty royal gardens, so the campus is very beautiful. In fact, it has been named one of the most beautiful campuses in the world. Many of its graduates become influential at home and abroad. For example, Chen-Ning Yang, a Nobel Prize winner in physics, is connected with Tsinghua. 2. Peking University, China Peking University was the first modern national university in China. It was founded at the end of the 19th century. The university teaches and does research in science, social science, and the humanities. But it is best known internationally for physical sciences and engineering. After moving to its current location in 1952, the main campus is now on the old site of the Qing dynasty imperial gardens. It still has some of the original gardens, pagodas, and old buildings. Many famous thinkers in China are graduates of Peking University. Three Nobel Prize winners are also connected with the university. 3. National University of Singapore, Singapore The National University of Singapore is the oldest university in Singapore and has the most students. It is excellent at research and new ideas. The university is ranked among the top 20 in the world. It gets especially high scores for research and its international outlook. It also does very well in engineering, technology, law, and computer science. Notable graduates include four prime ministers and presidents of Singapore, two prime ministers of Malaysia, and many other politicians, businesspeople, and local stars. 13. What makes Tsinghua University’s campus beautiful? A. It has many modern buildings. B. It was built on the old site of the Qing dynasty royal gardens. C. It is in the center of Beijing. D. It has a very large library. 14. What does the underlined word “home” mean? A. Beijing. B. Yang’s motherland C. Tsinghua D. the whole world 15. What does the National University of Singapore do very well in? A. Art and music. B. History and philosophy. C. Engineering, technology, law, and computer science. D. Medicine and nursing. 16. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Tsinghua University accepts all students who want to study there. B. Peking University still has some of the original gardens and pagodas. C. The National University of Singapore is the youngest university in Singapore. D. Chen-Ning Yang is a graduate of Peking University. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 [新话题] Collecting action figures (手办) is becoming really popular. You may wonder why some people enjoy action figure collecting and may even want to get into it yourself. Here are some of the most common reasons. Just for love Some people like something like X-Men, Transformers, Harry Potter, etc. ____17____ Of course, some people collect some special toys just because they think the designs are fun and cool. As a hobby Many people collect action figures as a hobby. They collect them simply for the joy of having a collection of their favorite characters. They may also show them in their home as a conversation piece and show off their collection. ____18____ Being part of pop culture (流行文化) Many people take part in pop culture by collecting action figures. It’s a way to stay connected with the stories and characters they love and can be a source (来源) of pride and joy. ____19____ People can join clubs and meetings or connect online with other collectors and share photos and stories. It’s a good way to stay in touch with pop culture and to make friends with like-minded (志趣相投的) people. As a childhood reminder (提醒) Action figures can be a reminder of people’s childhood when they first found the characters and stories they love. ____20____ It can also make sure that the characters and stories that people love will live on. A．It is also a good way to make money. B．It is also a great way to connect with other fans. C．Collecting them can be a way to keep childhood memories alive. D．This hobby can help people relax and even let them learn new skills. E．Collecting figures from that series can be their way of showing love for it. 二、完形填空。（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Kites are special to Chinese people and connect with our early childhood days. They are not only fun toys, but also a ____21____ of Chinese traditional culture. The making of traditional Chinese kites ____22____ high skill levels. The frame (框架) of the kite is usually made of bamboo, and it must be both strong and ____23____. So the kite can fly up easily. Different areas have their own kite-making features. For example, Beijing-style kites are known for their beautiful details, while Weifang kites are famous for their flying qualities. During traditional Chinese festivals, such as Qingming and Mid-Autumn Festival, kite-flying is an important activity that ____24____ a touch of joy to the festive atmosphere (气氛). Kites not only ____25____ people’s wishes for freedom but also symbolize health. In ancient times, it was believed that kites could ____26____ diseases, so people flew kites with the hope of keeping off evil and bad luck. The art forms of kites range from single-line kites to multi-line kites. In kite design, Chinese kite artists have shown great ____27____. Many kites are painted with beautiful ____28____, such as dragons, flowers, birds, and traditional totems (图腾) that are ____29____ in cultural meanings. These kites are not only loved in China but also enjoy great popularity ____30____, becoming a calling card for Chinese culture. 21．A．copy B．secret C．shape D．treasure 22．A．suggests B．requires C．represents D．accepts 23．A．tiny B．smooth C．simple D．light 24．A．puts B．takes C．adds D．attracts 25．A．send B．express C．impress D．stand 26．A．carry on B．carry out C．carry away D．carry over 27．A．creativity B．advantage C．experience D．knowledge 28．A．description B．patterns C．marks D．lines 29．A．priceless B．deep C．rich D．classic 30．A．widely B．quickly C．internationally D．nationally 第二部分 非选择题 （共40分） 三、语篇填空。（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 [原创] KUNMING, April — When spring comes, it is the best time to pick tea ____31____ (leaf). In Lancang County, Yunnan Province, local people held a ____32____ (culture) ceremony at Jingmai Mountain ____33____ (celebrate) the start of the tea-picking season. This ceremony takes place at the end of March every year. It is ____34____ tradition of the Blang and Dai ethnic minorities (布朗族和傣族少数民族). They show respect to the ancient tea forest and remember their ancestors (祖先) before picking the tea leaves. Jingmai Mountain is famous for its ancient tea forests. For centuries, the tea forests ____35____ (be) an important part of local people’s lives. The key ____36____ keeping harmony between humans and nature is to use the land ____37____ (wise), says a local researcher. The village is on the mountainside, close to the tea forest, ____38____ the farmland is in low areas with lots of water. In this way, farming does not hurt ____39____ (they) tea forest. Xiong calls this farming way “vertical land use (垂直土地利用).” Xian Gong, 39, started a farmers’ cooperative in 2010 in Jingmai Village. Later, she built it into a company with a tea factory, a hostel, and a shop. Today, more and more villagers sell tea through live streaming (直播) because it is ____40____ (easy) than traditional selling. They also share their daily lives online. “This tea mountain is the most valuable legacy from our ancestors. It is our duty to protect it and make good use of it,” Xian Gong said. 四、阅读与表达。（本题共4小题，41-43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分;满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 [原创] [社会热点] Solid Waste Management In 2007, King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in Saudi Arabia (沙特阿拉伯) set up two research centers. One of them is the Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES). Researchers at the CEES are trying to find better ways to use natural resources, including waste. Saudi Arabia has a big problem with solid waste. The country produces over 15 million tonnes of solid waste every year. Most of the waste is put into landfills or just dumped somewhere. Very little of it is recycled. However, landfills will be full in about ten years. So the country needs new ways to deal with its waste. At the same time, Saudi Arabia needs more and more energy because its population is growing. To solve both problems at once, the solid waste research group at the CEES is working on turning waste into energy. They use a natural material called zeolites. Zeolites are minerals found in volcanic rock and ash. People traditionally used them in cement and building stones. Now, the researchers are using them to make waste-to-energy technology cheaper and more effective. The group is also studying how to use grass to make biofuels. 41. How much solid waste does Saudi Arabia produce every year? ___________________________________________________________________________ 42. Why does Saudi Arabia need more and more energy? ___________________________________________________________________________ 43. What are the researchers studying to make biofuels? ___________________________________________________________________________ 44. Do you think turning waste into energy is a good idea? Why or why not? Write 30 words or more. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达。（本题共20分） 45. 假定你是李辉，今年暑假，你校将与英国友好校联合举办夏令营活动。作为此次活动的联络员，请你给对方负责老师 Mr. Green 写一封邮件， 内容包括： (1) 告知对方活动的主题及内容； (2) 询问对方对活动的建议； (3) 期盼尽快回复。 注意： (1) 词数 80~100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； (3) 邮件中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear Mr. Green, How is everything going? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hui 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $