2026届最新高考英语模拟三轮冲刺之七选五15篇（广东专用）

**基本信息** 15篇七选五模拟题覆盖说明、议论、记叙等语篇类型，聚焦语篇逻辑与信息衔接，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |七选五综合训练|15篇（含自我价值、积极心理学等主题）|涵盖主题句、过渡句、细节支撑句等考点，涉及因果、转折、指代等逻辑关系|语篇结构（总分/分总）与衔接手段（词汇复现、逻辑词）对应，体现“信息匹配-逻辑推理-语篇构建”的思维链条|

2026届最新高考模拟三轮冲刺卷（广东专用） 七选五15篇 Passage 1 Believing in your own worth is essential for a happy and healthy life. A sense of one’s worth starts developing early. 1 However, not all of them are positive or helpful. Psychologists note that negative beliefs such as “I’m not good enough” can limit us in many ways. The good news is that you can change them and grow your sense of self-worth. Here are some practical ways to strengthen your belief in yourself. Recognize your strengths. Evaluate what you enjoy doing, and then intentionally give yourself the space to engage in that activity and acknowledge your value. Think about what you enjoy and are good at — whether at work or in your free time — and allow yourself to take part in those activities. 2 Celebrate your efforts. 3 Writing down positive statements or treating yourself kindly enhances your own worth, without waiting for others’ praise. Speak to yourself kindly. 4 Would you speak to a friend the way you sometimes speak to yourself? Replace critical thoughts with supportive ones, like “I did my best”. 5 Make sure you are not always putting others’ needs before your own. When you put yourself behind others, you diminish your worth; when you maintain the main role, you remind your brain that you believe in your inherent value and worth. Building self-worth takes time, especially if you’ve long held negative beliefs about yourself. But by practicing these steps regularly, you can begin to see that you are valuable, capable, and worthy — just as you are. A．Prioritize others’ needs. B．Acknowledge the value you bring. C．Be the main character in your own life. D．When you finish a task, reward yourself. E．You should pay attention to your inner voice. F．From childhood, you develop fundamental beliefs about yourself. G．The coverage of self-worth is limited and does not extend far enough. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．D 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何增强自我价值感。 1．上文“A sense of one’s worth starts developing early. (一个人的自我价值感在早期就开始发展了)”表明自我价值感发展时间早，下文“However, not all of them are positive or helpful. Psychologists note that negative beliefs such as “I’m not good enough” can limit us in many ways. (然而，并非所有这些信念都是积极或有帮助的。心理学家指出，像“我不够好”这样的负面信念会在很多方面限制我们)”说明早期形成的信念有负面情况，F项“From childhood, you develop fundamental beliefs about yourself. (从童年开始，你就会形成关于自己的基本信念)”承接上文自我价值感早期发展，引出下文早期形成的信念有好有坏，符合语境。故选F。 2．上文“Recognize your strengths. Evaluate what you enjoy doing, and then intentionally give yourself the space to engage in that activity and acknowledge your value. Think about what you enjoy and are good at — whether at work or in your free time — and allow yourself to take part in those activities. (认识到自己的优势。评估你喜欢做什么，然后有意识地给自己空间去参与这项活动并认可自己的价值。想想你在工作或空闲时间喜欢并擅长什么，然后允许自己参与这些活动)”主要讲述要认识到自身优势并认可自身价值，B项“Acknowledge the value you bring.(认可你所带来的价值)”与上文认可自身价值相呼应，符合语境。故选B。 3．上文“Celebrate your efforts. (庆祝你的努力)”表明要庆祝自己的努力，下文“Writing down positive statements or treating yourself kindly enhances your own worth, without waiting for others’ praise. (写下积极的陈述或善待自己，无需等待他人的赞扬，就能提升你自身的价值)”说明庆祝努力的方式及作用，D项“When you finish a task, reward yourself. (当你完成一项任务时，奖励自己)”是庆祝努力的一种具体方式，与上下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选D。 4．上文“Speak to yourself kindly. (友善地对自己说话)”是本段的主旨，下文“Would you speak to a friend the way you sometimes speak to yourself? Replace critical thoughts with supportive ones, like “I did my best”.(你会像有时对自己说话那样对朋友说话吗？用支持性的想法取代批判性的想法，比如“我已经尽力了” )”进一步具体化这一内在声音的内容，E项“You should pay attention to your inner voice. (你应该关注自己的内心声音)”承接本段自我对话的主题，引出后文对内心想法的反思，符合语境。故选E。 5．下文“Make sure you are not always putting others’ needs before your own. When you put yourself behind others, you diminish your worth; when you maintain the main role, you remind your brain that you believe in your inherent value and worth. (确保不要总是把别人的需求放在自己的需求之前。当你把自己置于他人之后时，你会降低自己的价值；当你保持主角地位时，你会提醒自己的大脑，你相信自己内在的价值和意义)”强调要做自己生活的主角，不要总是把别人需求放首位，C项“Be the main character in your own life. (做自己生活的主角)”概括了下文内容，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 2 “Research has revealed patients at a hospital who had plants in their rooms reported less pain, lower blood pressure, less tiredness and less anxiety than patients without plants in their rooms,” says Jenny Seham, PhD in Bronx, New York. 1 Jamie Keaton Jones, PhD, a psychologist in Washington, D．C．, says that for many people, tending to plants has surfaced as a hobby that enables them to experience greater comfort, so they often show plants to their friends on the Facebook or TikTok. 2 Rather than focusing on the past or worrying about the future, plant care helps one focus on the present moment and provides a feeling of accomplishment. Like any new skill or hobby, taking care of houseplants comes with a learning curve. 3 Finally, anyone can be an expert at gardening. Before you bring home a boatload of botanicals, Jones says it’s not about how many plants you have, but rather how you interact with them. For instance, are the plants in areas where you spend a lot of time? Do you care for them daily? If you have a small space, starting out with a lot of plants could be overwhelming. “ 4 It can engage you by its smell or color that creates a positive mood response with every interaction,” says Seham. Remember that while indoor gardening can be good for your mental well-being and can help with stress and relaxation, it’s not a cure-all. 5 But caring for plants can be useful and enjoyable in the long run. A．Just one plant can make a difference. B．Just buy as many plants as possible and bring them home. C．Houseplant collections have become a popular social media trend. D．Working in an environment with plants can greatly increase productivity. E．Having a plant doesn’t immediately or directly impact mental health processes. F．Gardening and caring for plants can help turn people away from negative thoughts. G．Anyone caring for plants should be patient and allow themselves time to learn the basics. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．G 4．A 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了室内园艺对身心健康的益处，并给出了相关建议。 1．下文“Jamie Keaton Jones, PhD, a psychologist in Washington, D.C., says that for many people, tending to plants has surfaced as a hobby that enables them to experience greater comfort, so they often show plants to their friends on the Facebook or TikTok. (华盛顿特区的心理学博士Jamie Keaton Jones说，对很多人来说，照料植物已经成为一种能让他们感到更舒适的爱好，所以他们经常在Facebook或TikTok上向朋友展示植物)”提到人们在社交媒体上展示植物。C选项“室内植物收藏已成为一种流行的社交媒体趋势”，引出下文“人们在社交媒体上展示植物”，符合语境。故选C。 2．下文“Rather than focusing on the past or worrying about the future, plant care helps one focus on the present moment and provides a feeling of accomplishment. (植物护理能让人专注于当下，而不是纠结于过去或担忧未来，并带来一种成就感)”提到植物护理能让人专注当下。F选项“园艺和照料植物可以帮助人们远离消极的想法”，与下文“不纠结过去、不担忧未来”的语境相呼应，解释了植物护理带来的心理益处，衔接自然。故选F。 3．上文“Like any new skill or hobby, taking care of houseplants comes with a learning curve. (和任何新技能或爱好一样，照料室内植物也有一个学习曲线)”提到养植物有学习曲线，下文“Finally, anyone can be an expert at gardening. (最终，任何人都能成为园艺专家)”提到人人都能成为园艺专家。G选项“任何照料植物的人都应该有耐心，给自己时间学习基础知识”，承接了“学习曲线”的话题，并为下文“任何人都能成为专家”提供了前提，衔接自然。故选G。 4．上文“If you have a small space, starting out with a lot of plants could be overwhelming. (如果你的空间很小，一开始就养很多植物可能会让你不知所措)”暗示空间小不合适一下子养很多植物，下文“It can engage you by its smell or color that creates a positive mood response with every interaction,” says Seham. (Seham说：“它可以通过气味或颜色吸引你，每一次互动都会产生积极的情绪反应。”)”提到植物能通过气味或颜色带来积极情绪。A选项“仅仅一株植物就能带来改变”，与上文“不要养太多”的建议形成对比，引出了下文植物的积极作用，衔接自然。故选A。 5．上文“Remember that while indoor gardening can be good for your mental well-being and can help with stress and relaxation, it’s not a cure-all. (请记住，虽然室内园艺对你的心理健康有益，可以帮助缓解压力和放松，但它并非万能药)”提到室内园艺不是万能的，下文“But caring for plants can be useful and enjoyable in the long run. (但从长远来看，照料植物是有益且令人愉快的)”提到从长远来看照料植物是有益的。E选项“拥有一株植物不会立即或直接影响心理健康过程”，解释了为什么它不是“cure-all (万能药)”，与下文的转折形成了自然衔接，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 3 The Power of Positive Relationships Positive relationships are the basis of a happy and satisfying life. Research has consistently shown that people with strong social connections are healthier, happier, and more flexible in the face of challenges. 1 Whether it’s with family, friends, or colleagues, developing these relationships can have a significant impact on our well-being. One of the key benefits of positive relationships is the emotional support they provide. When we are going through difficult times, having someone to rely on can make all the difference. 2 This emotional support helps us to cope with stress and anxiety and gives us the strength to keep going. 3 We are social creatures, and we have a natural need to connect with others. When we feel connected to others, we are more likely to feel valued and accepted. This sense of belonging can enhance our self-respect and confidence and help us to develop a positive self-image. In addition, positive relationships can help us to grow and learn. 4 They can challenge our assumptions, expose us to new ideas, and encourage us to step out of our comfort zones. Through our interactions with others, we can gain new perspectives (视角)，develop new skills, and better ourselves. Finally, positive relationships can bring joy and happiness into our lives. 5 Sharing experiences, laughter, and love with others can make even the ordinary moments feel special. These positive emotions not only make us feel good in the moment but also have long-term benefits for our mental and physical health. A．Positive relationships also provide us with a sense of belonging. B．Spending time with loved ones can bring us extreme joy and satisfaction. C．However, maintaining positive relationships requires effort and commitment. D．They can offer a listening ear, practical advice, or simply a shoulder to cry on. E．Negative relationships, on the other hand, can have a bad effect on our well-being. F．They can provide us with emotional support, a sense of belonging, and opportunities for growth. G．People we surround ourselves with can have a significant impact on our thoughts and behaviors. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．A 4．G 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了积极的人际关系是幸福生活的基础，并从情感支持、归属感、促进成长与学习、带来快乐等多个方面具体阐述了其对个人福祉的重要性。 1．前文“Positive relationships are the basis of a happy and satisfying life. Research has consistently shown that people with strong social connections are healthier, happier, and more flexible in the face of challenges.(积极的人际关系是幸福和充实生活的基础。研究不断表明，拥有强大社会关系的人更健康、更快乐，面对挑战时更有韧性。)”点明了积极关系的总体益处。后文“Whether it’s with family, friends, or colleagues, developing these relationships can have a significant impact on our well-being.(无论是与家人、朋友还是同事，发展这些关系都能对我们的幸福产生重大影响。)”引出了下文即将展开的具体影响。因此，空处应是一个能概括下文（情感支持、归属感、成长机会等）的总结性过渡句。F项“它们能为我们提供情感支持、归属感和成长的机会。”准确总结了后文要论述的几个核心益处，逻辑连贯。故选F。 2．前文“When we are going through difficult times, having someone to rely on can make all the difference.(当我们经历困难时期，有一个可以依靠的人会带来巨大的不同。)”提出了“依靠”这一概念。后文“This emotional support helps us to cope with stress and anxiety and gives us the strength to keep going.(这种情感支持帮助我们应对压力和焦虑，并给我们继续前行的力量。)”后文提到“这种情感支持（This emotional support）”，空处需要具体阐释“依靠”或“情感支持”的表现形式。D项“它们可以提供倾听的耳朵、实用的建议，或者仅仅是一个可以哭泣的肩膀。”正是对“依靠”和“情感支持”具体内容的完美列举，使上下文逻辑紧密衔接。故选D。 3．空处位于第三段开头，应为该段主题句。后文“We are social creatures, and we have a natural need to connect with others. When we feel connected to others, we are more likely to feel valued and accepted. This sense of belonging can enhance our self-respect and confidence and help us to develop a positive self-image.(我们是社会性生物，天生需要与他人建立联系。当我们感到与他人有联系时，我们更可能感到被重视和接纳。这种归属感可以增强我们的自尊和自信，帮助我们形成积极的自我形象。)”整个段落都在详细阐述“归属感（sense of belonging）”的来源和作用。因此，空处必须直接点明本段核心是“归属感”。A项“积极的关系也为我们提供一种归属感。”不仅直接点题，而且其中的“also”一词巧妙地承接了上一段关于“情感支持”的论述，使文章论述脉络清晰流畅。故选A。 4．后文“They can challenge our assumptions, expose us to new ideas, and encourage us to step out of our comfort zones.(它们可以挑战我们的假设，让我们接触新想法，并鼓励我们走出舒适区。)”中“They”指代积极关系，描述了其促进成长的具体方式。空处需要一个句子来解释为什么人际关系能起到这样的作用，即阐述其内在影响机制。G项“我们周围的人对我们的思想和行为有重大影响。”正是对这一机制的阐述，说明了人际环境如何塑造个人，从而自然引出后文关系“挑战假设”、“接触新想法”等具体表现。故选G。 5．后文“Sharing experiences, laughter, and love with others can make even the ordinary moments feel special.(与他人分享经历、欢笑和爱能让平凡的时光也变得特别。)”后文是在具体描述如何通过“分享”带来快乐。空处需要一个句子来进一步阐述或例证“带来快乐”这一观点。B项“与所爱的人共度时光能带给我们极大的快乐和满足感。”是对段首总述的具体化和强化，其中“与所爱的人共度时光”是积极关系的典型场景，“带来快乐和满足”直接对应段首的“joy and happiness”，且与后文的“分享”内容完美衔接。故选B。 Passage 4 Grasping the Secret of Abstract Art The key to appreciating this art is to approach it with an open mind. Unlike traditional art forms that often describe recognizable objects or scenes, abstract art challenges realism. Instead, it invites us to explore emotions, thoughts, and ideas through shapes, colors, and forms. Be willing to release preconceived (事先形成的) ideas. 1 . Rather than seeking a definitive meaning, focus on how the artwork makes you feel. Move closer to notice the delicate details. 2 . Abstract art often reveals hidden layers of complexity that emerge with patient observation. Allow yourself to reflect on the feelings and thoughts caused by the piece. Understanding the visual elements employed in abstract art can deepen your appreciation. Colors, lines, shapes, textures, and patterns all contribute to the artwork’s impact. Research the artist behind the abstract piece to gain insights into their intentions and creative process. Artists often leave clues through titles, statements, or interviews. 3 . Engaging with others can expand your understanding of abstract art. Attend gallery exhibitions, art classes, or join online art communities. 4 . Hearing diverse interpretations can enrich your own experience and introduce you to new ways of looking at art. Unlike representational art, abstract pieces allow for multiple interpretations. 5 . Learning from professionals can deepen your knowledge and generate new enthusiasm for this charming art form. If you find yourself struggling to connect with this art form, consider seeking guidance from art experts or curators. They can offer valuable insights, historical context, and explanations that can enhance your understanding and enjoyment. A．Explore the world of abstract art in various ways B．By these means, you can discuss and share perspectives C．Then step back to appreciate the overall composition D．They give you a look into the message they aimed to convey E．The artists offer insights on how to buy engaging works of art F．Register workshops or attend art lectures that focus on abstract art G．Allow your imagination to wander freely within the artist’s creation 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欣赏抽象艺术的多种方法，包括开放心态、观察细节、了解元素、与人交流和向专业人士学习。 1．上文“Be willing to release preconceived ideas.(要愿意放下事先形成的观念)”讲述要放开固有想法，下文“Rather than seeking a definitive meaning, focus on how the artwork makes you feel.(不要去寻找确定的意义，而要关注艺术品带给你的感受)”讲述要关注自身感受，G选项“Allow your imagination to wander freely within the artist’s creation.(让你的想象力在艺术家的作品中自由驰骋)”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 2．上文“Move closer to notice the delicate details.(走近去观察精致的细节)”讲述走近看细节，C选项“Then step back to appreciate the overall composition.(然后后退一步欣赏整体构图)”与上文形成动作上的承接，先近看再远观，符合语境。故选C。 3．上文“Artists often leave clues through titles, statements, or interviews.(艺术家们通常会通过标题、声明或采访留下线索)”讲述艺术家会留下相关线索，D选项“They give you a look into the message they aimed to convey.(它们让你了解艺术家想要传达的信息)”承接上文，说明这些线索的作用，符合语境。故选D。 4．上文“Attend gallery exhibitions, art classes, or join online art communities.(参加画廊展览、艺术课程或加入线上艺术社区)”讲述参与各种艺术相关活动，B选项“By these means, you can discuss and share perspectives.(通过这些方式，你可以讨论和分享观点)”承接上文，说明这些活动带来的交流效果，符合语境。故选B。 5．下文“Learning from professionals can deepen your knowledge and generate new enthusiasm for this charming art form.(向专业人士学习可以加深你的知识，并为这种迷人的艺术形式产生新的热情)”讲述向专业人士学习，F选项“Register workshops or attend art lectures that focus on abstract art.(报名参加专注于抽象艺术的研讨会或艺术讲座)”引出向专业人士学习的具体方式，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 5 Today, we’re busier than ever. We have jobs that require us to work long hours, kids to take care of, and so many other tasks. Too much work can harm our health over time. 1 The Dutch word simply means “to do nothing”. Practicing niksen is very simple, as it doesn’t really require us to do anything specific at all. 2 As easy as it sounds, it feels like an uncomfortable concept to get into. Do you feel dissatisfied when you don’t finish something on your to-do list? Personally, I feel regret if I don’t get something done in my day. 3 This is the time when we should make big moves in our lives. But as I read more, I realized “niksen” isn’t trying to get in the way of our pursuits. It is just a way of giving us what we need in our increasingly stressful lives. 4 Many forms of meditation (冥想) require us to take control of our thoughts and focus on our breathing and other things that sometimes make it harder for us to relax. Niksen just lets us do nothing, without thinking about whatever we need to do next. 5 In general, most big things we want to achieve in life won’t happen in one day. That being the case, it seems like a good use of our time to just let ourselves relax. In this way, we restore our energies and allow ourselves to work at full strength when we get back to our pursuits. A．It might even be better than meditation. B．Niksen could be just the solution we need. C．As the saying goes, Rome wasn’t built in a day. D．We can just sit in a chair and look out the window. E．I have never felt these things as strongly as some do. F．Another way of practising it is doing without any purpose. G．It’s a common thing especially for those of us in our 20’s and 30’s. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．G 4．A 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今人们过度忙碌损害健康，荷兰的niksen（放空）主张什么都不做，比冥想更易放松。它并非阻碍追求，而是帮人恢复精力，利于长远实现目标。 1．根据上文“Today, we’re busier than ever. We have jobs that require us to work long hours, kids to take care of, and so many other tasks. Too much work can harm our health over time.(如今，我们的生活比以往任何时候都要忙碌。我们有需要长时间工作的职责，还要照顾孩子以及其他诸多事务。长期处于如此繁重的工作压力之下，会对我们的健康造成损害)”可知，上文“现在人们太忙，过度工作有害健康”，后文马上介绍荷兰语niksen，意思是“什么都不做”。推测本句承上启下的句子，引出解决办法。故B选项“Niksen或许正是我们所需要的解决方案”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据上文“The Dutch word simply means “to do nothing”. Practicing niksen is very simple, as it doesn’t really require us to do anything specific at all.(这个荷兰语单词的意思就是“什么也不做”。练习“niksen”（即“什么也不做”）非常简单，因为它实际上根本不需要我们去做任何特定的事情)”可知，前文说“练习niksen很简单，不需要做任何特别的事”。后面需要举例说明怎么做。故D选项“我们只需坐在椅子上，然后向外眺望窗外的景色即可”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据上文“Personally, I feel regret if I don’t get something done in my day.(就我个人而言，如果一天内没有完成某件事，我会感到遗憾)”以及后文“This is the time when we should make big moves in our lives.(这就是我们应当在生活中采取重大行动的时候了)”可知，前文说：没完成任务会感到不满、后悔。后文说：这是我们人生中应该做出大行动的时候。说明这种心态很普遍。故G选项“对我们二三十岁的人来说尤为常见”符合语境，故选G。 4．根据后文“Many forms of meditation (冥想) require us to take control of our thoughts and focus on our breathing and other things that sometimes make it harder for us to relax. Niksen just lets us do nothing, without thinking about whatever we need to do next.(许多形式的冥想都需要我们控制自己的思绪，专注于呼吸以及一些有时会让我们难以放松的其他事物。而尼肯森则让我们什么都不做，不去思考接下来需要做什么的事情)”可知，后文直接对比niksen和meditation(冥想)，说冥想需要控制思绪，而niksen更轻松。推测本句提到两者比较。故A选项“它甚至有可能比冥想更好”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据后文“In general, most big things we want to achieve in life won’t happen in one day. That being the case, it seems like a good use of our time to just let ourselves relax. In this way, we restore our energies and allow ourselves to work at full strength when we get back to our pursuits.(总的来说，我们在生活中想要达成的大多数大事都不会在一天内实现。既然如此，让自己放松一下似乎是对我们时间的一种很好的利用方式。这样一来，我们就能恢复精力，并在重新投入工作时以最佳状态投入其中)”可知，后文提到“大事不是一天能完成的”，推测本句需要一句对应这句话。故C选项“正如那句谚语所说：‘罗马不是一天建成的。’”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 6 Can you imagine taking your house apart, piece by piece, and putting it back together again every time you move to a new location? That’s just what many families in Mongolia do, as often as three or four times a year. In small groups of two to six households, Mongolian nomads (游牧民) traditionally travel from grassland to grassland. 1 However, all this moving would be much more difficult without a round, portable tent called a ger. Members of a Mongolian family can take a ger apart in less than an hour. Then they load the pieces on the backs of camels or on an animal-drawn cart, an SUV, or a small truck. 2 Nomads treat the ger’s entrance with respect. 3 Instead, they shout, “Nokhoi khor!”, which means “Hold your dog!” Traditionally, relatives, friends, and even strangers may drop in at any time. The family always keeps a bowl of dried cheese balls and other treats ready for guests. Although some of their details have changed through the years, gers have sheltered Mongolians since the time of Genghis Khan. Their core design has remained largely unchanged for centuries. Nowadays, even some permanent town residents live in gers. 4 For instance, rapid urbanization and climate change have led to a decrease in grassland, making it increasingly difficult for nomadic families to sustain their herding lifestyle. 5 Nevertheless, the round white ger remains the symbol of home, warmth, and hospitality in Mongolia. A．It takes about an hour to put the house back together. B．Visitors never knock on the colorfully decorated door. C．Today, the future of the nomadic way of life is uncertain. D．This makes sure their herds will have enough grass to feed on. E．Many nomads rely on traditional skills to fit together gers quickly. F．Meanwhile, the lifestyle centering on the ger has faced increased threats. G．This reflects their belief that the fire place, vital for survival, deserves great respect. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．F 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了蒙古游牧民的生活方式，特别是蒙古包在他们生活中的重要性及其面临的挑战。 1．由上文“In small groups of two to six households, Mongolian nomads (游牧民) traditionally travel from grassland to grassland. (蒙古游牧民传统上以两到六户人家的小群体形式，从一个草原迁移到另一个草原。)”可知，上文说明了蒙古游牧民族的传统迁徙方式，本空应说明迁徙的原因。D选项“This makes sure their herds will have enough grass to feed on. (这确保了他们的畜群有足够的草吃。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 2．由下文“Members of a Mongolian family can take a ger apart in less than an hour. Then they load the pieces on the backs of camels or on an animal-drawn cart, an SUV, or a small truck. (蒙古家庭成员可以在不到一个小时的时间内将蒙古包拆开。然后他们把零件装在骆驼背上，或者装在畜力车、越野车或小卡车上。)”可知，上文说明了蒙古家庭成员拆解蒙古包并运输的过程，本空应描述蒙古包重新搭建的过程，A选项“It takes about an hour to put the house back together. (把房子重新组装起来大约需要一个小时。)”能承接上文，说明重新搭建蒙古包所需的时间，符合题意。故选A。 3．由上文“Nomads treat the ger’s entrance with respect. (游牧民族对蒙古包的入口非常尊重。)”及下文“Instead, they shout, “Nokhoi khor!”, which means “Hold your dog!” (相反，他们会大喊：“Nokhoi khor!”，意思是“看好你的狗!”)”可知，上文说明了游牧民族对蒙古包入口的尊重，下文引出游牧民族进入蒙古包时的特殊方式，本空应说明游牧民族的特殊进入方式。B选项“Visitors never knock on the colorfully decorated door. (访客从不敲装饰华丽的门。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 4．由上文“Nowadays, even some permanent town residents live in gers. (如今，甚至一些永久性城镇居民也住在蒙古包里。)”及下文“For instance, rapid urbanization and climate change have led to a decrease in grassland, making it increasingly difficult for nomadic families to sustain their herding lifestyle. (例如，快速的城市化和气候变化导致草原减少，使得游牧家庭越来越难以维持他们的放牧生活方式。)”可知，上文说明了蒙古包在现代生活中的使用情况，下文引出游牧民族面临的问题，本空应说明游牧民族的生活方式面临威胁。F选项“Meanwhile, the lifestyle centering on the ger has faced increased threats. (与此同时，以蒙古包为中心的生活方式也面临着越来越多的威胁。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 5．由下文“Nevertheless, the round white ger remains the symbol of home, warmth, and hospitality in Mongolia. (尽管如此，圆形白色的蒙古包仍然是蒙古家庭、温暖和好客的象征。)”可知，下文说明了蒙古包在蒙古的象征意义，此处说明游牧生活的未来状况。C选项“Today, the future of the nomadic way of life is uncertain. (今天，游牧生活方式的未来是不确定的。)”能引出下文，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 7 Positive psychology, a relatively new branch of psychology, focuses on the strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive. 1 Its core aim is to promote well-being and happiness rather than merely treating mental illness. Research in this field has revealed several practices that can significantly enhance life satisfaction. 2 For instance, regularly writing down things one is grateful for has been linked to increased optimism and better sleep. Similarly, acts of kindness, whether small or large, not only benefit recipients but also boost the giver’s sense of purpose and social connection. This creates a positive feedback loop that reinforces prosocial (亲社会的) behavior. Another key area is the cultivation of positive relationships. Humans are inherently social beings, and the quality of our relationships deeply affects our psychological health. 3 Studies show that strong social support can buffer against stress and is correlated with longer, healthier lives. Meanwhile, many people tend to overlook the process. Actually, setting and working toward meaningful goals is also central to positive psychology. It emphasizes that goals aligned with personal values, rather than external pressures, foster a deeper sense of purpose. Cherishing the process of striving itself contributes to growth and life satisfaction. 4 While some may dismiss these practices as too simple, they are grounded in rigorous and cautious scientific research. 5 By intentionally applying these principles, people can build resilience (韧性) and discover greater joy in their daily lives, demonstrating that well-being is indeed a skill that can be developed. This empowering perspective puts the tools for a happier life within everyone’s reach. A．These activities shift focus from what is lacking to what is abundant. B．Critics argue that it ignores the complexity of human suffering. C．Therefore, it encourages investing time and effort in nurturing connections. D．Contrary to traditional psychology, it does not diagnose or cure disorders. E．It emphasizes the journey as much as the destination, fostering growth and engagement. F．Actually, its methods have proven effective in diverse cultures and age groups. G．Moreover, physical exercise is recommended as a complementary strategy for mental health. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍感恩、友善、人际关系、目标过程等方法，经科学验证，能帮人们收获快乐与韧性。 1．根据后文“Its core aim is to promote well-being and happiness rather than merely treating mental illness. Research in this field has revealed several practices that can significantly enhance life satisfaction.(其核心目标在于促进身心健康和提升幸福感，而非仅仅治疗精神疾病。该领域的研究已经揭示了若干能够显著提高生活满意度的实践方法)”可知，空格后句指出“其核心目标是提升幸福感和快乐，而非仅仅治疗心理疾病”，这与D选项中“与传统心理学不同，它不诊断或治疗疾病”形成直接对应与解释关系，明确了该学科的特点。故选D。 2．根据后文“For instance, regularly writing down things one is grateful for has been linked to increased optimism and better sleep. Similarly, acts of kindness, whether small or large, not only benefit recipients but also boost the giver’s sense of purpose and social connection. This creates a positive feedback loop that reinforces prosocial (亲社会的) behavior.(例如，定期写下自己所感激的事情与增强乐观情绪和改善睡眠质量有关。同样，无论大小，善举不仅对受助者有益，还能增强施助者的使命感和社交联系感。这形成了一个积极的反馈循环，强化了亲社会行为)”可知，本段首句为段落主旨句。空格后以“感恩记录”和“善行”为例，说明具体实践方法。A选项“这些活动将焦点从缺乏之物转向丰盈之物”恰是对这些实践作用的概括，且“these activities”能指代后文内容，起到承上启下的作用。故选A。 3．根据上文“Another key area is the cultivation of positive relationships. Humans are inherently social beings, and the quality of our relationships deeply affects our psychological health.(另一个关键领域在于积极关系的培养。人类本质上是社会性生物，而我们之间的关系质量对我们的心理健康有着深远的影响)”可知，空格前句强调积极人际关系对心理健康的重要性。C选项“因此，它鼓励投入时间和精力去培养人际关系”中的“Therefore”承接前因后果，“nurturing connections”与“positive relationships”及“social support”语义连贯，提出具体行动建议。故选C。 4．根据上文“Meanwhile, many people tend to overlook the process. Actually, setting and working toward meaningful goals is also central to positive psychology. It emphasizes that goals aligned with personal values, rather than external pressures, foster a deeper sense of purpose. Cherishing the process of striving itself contributes to growth and life satisfaction.(与此同时，许多人往往会忽视这个过程。实际上，设定并努力实现有意义的目标也是积极心理学的核心内容。它强调，与个人价值观相契合而非受外部压力驱使的目标，能培养更深刻的意义感。珍视努力奋斗的过程本身有助于个人成长和提升生活满意度)”可知，段落前半部分阐述了目标需与个人价值观一致，以及奋斗过程本身的意义。E选项“It emphasizes the journey as much as the destination, fostering growth and engagement.” (它强调过程与目标同样重要，促进成长和投入) 总结并升华了本段核心思想，其中“journey”与“process of striving”呼应，“growth”与上文“growth”形成关键词复现，作为段末总结句十分恰当。故选E。 5．根据上文“While some may dismiss these practices as too simple, they are grounded in rigorous and cautious scientific research.(尽管有些人可能会认为这些做法过于简单，但它们却是基于严谨且谨慎的科学研究得出的结论)”可知，空格前句提到这些实践基于严谨科学，但可能被质疑为“过于简单”。F选项“事实上，其方法已在不同文化和年龄群体中被证明有效”，对此质疑作出反驳，并引出让步后的总结，与后文“应用这些原则”顺利衔接。故选F。 Passage 8 Self-sabotage (自我阻碍) is nothing new. To help us develop wiser habits, we must first identify what stands in our way. 1 That’s why here we will examine those common mental mistakes together, starting with the ones that prevent us from becoming our best selves. 2 The most harmful habit is treating the brain as if it’s a fixed tool. Psychologists call this the “fixed mindset” — the belief that ability is natural and cannot be changed. The better alternative, “growth mindset”, treats intelligence as something that can be developed through effort and strategy. We don’t give our brains enough sleep. 3 Skip it, and your performance drops in clear ways — your thinking becomes slow and your decision-making suffers. 24 hours without sleep greatly slows down response time, a clear sign of mental decline. Even small sleep loss harms attention, short-term memory, mood, and judgment. We fail to provide structure for our brains. 4 Without them, we drift without focus, killing any creative spark we hoped to create. A 2021 study found that college students who put things off showed clear drops in mental control and organization. We put our brains in a bad environment. Finally, we sometimes leave our brains in poor surroundings. It’s like leaving candy on your desk when you’re on a diet: You might resist for a while, but eventually you give in. The same happens with the mind. 5 A．Our mental surroundings shape our thinking results. B．Recognizing these patterns is the first step to improvement. C．We treat the brain as a fixed tool rather than a muscle to build. D．Our brains need structure, goals, and deadlines to function well. E．Regular contact with negative influences impairs cognitive function. F．Drug abuse can cause serious long-term harm to their brain function. G．Sleep is when the brain strengthens and processes what it has learned. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．G 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨了自我妨碍的思维误区：将大脑视为固定工具、剥夺睡眠、缺乏结构和负面环境。认识并改善这些习惯，方能突破限制，实现成长。 1．上文“To help us develop wiser habits, we must first identify what stands in our way. (要养成更明智的习惯，我们首先必须找出阻碍我们的因素)”指出要先发现阻碍因素，下文“That’s why here we will examine those common mental mistakes together. (这就是为什么我们要一起分析这些常见的思维误区)”说明要分析具体的思维问题，B选项“Recognizing these patterns is the first step to improvement. (识别这些模式是取得进步的第一步)”承上启下，衔接发现问题与分析问题的逻辑，符合语境。故选B。 2．下文“The most harmful habit is treating the brain as if it’s a fixed tool. (最有害的习惯是把大脑当作一种固定不变的工具)”具体阐释了一种错误做法，C选项“We treat the brain as a fixed tool rather than a muscle to build. (我们把大脑当作固定的工具，而非需要锻炼的肌肉)”总起本段，直接点出错误做法，与下文内容对应，符合语境。故选C。 3．上文“We don’t give our brains enough sleep. (我们没有给大脑充足的睡眠)”提出睡眠不足的问题，下文“Skip it, and your performance drops in clear ways — your thinking becomes slow and your decision-making suffers. (缺少睡眠，你的表现会明显下滑——思维变慢，决策能力下降)”说明缺觉的危害，G选项“Sleep is when the brain strengthens and processes what it has learned. (睡眠时大脑会巩固并处理所学的知识)”解释了睡眠对大脑的重要性，衔接上下文的因果逻辑，符合语境。故选G。 4．上文“We fail to provide structure for our brains. (我们没能为大脑建立有序的体系)”提出大脑缺乏体系的问题，下文“Without them, we drift without focus, killing any creative spark we hoped to create. (没有它们，我们会漫无目的地虚度，毫无焦点，扼杀我们本想拥有的创造力)”说明缺少相关事物的后果，D选项“Our brains need structure, goals, and deadlines to function well. (我们的大脑需要体系、目标和截止日期才能良好运转)”指出大脑正常工作的必要条件，其中的“structure”与上文呼应，“them”指代本句的“structure, goals, and deadlines”，符合语境。故选D。 5．上文“We put our brains in a bad environment. Finally, we sometimes leave our brains in poor surroundings. It’s like leaving candy on your desk when you’re on a diet: You might resist for a while, but eventually you give in. The same happens with the mind. (我们让大脑处于糟糕的环境中。最后，我们有时把大脑置于恶劣的环境中。这就像你在节食时把糖果放在桌上：你可能会抵制一会儿，但最终还是会屈服。大脑也是如此)”指出糟糕的环境会对大脑产生不良影响，E选项“Regular contact with negative influences impairs cognitive function. (长期接触负面因素会损害认知功能)”承接上文，具体说明不良环境对大脑的危害，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 9 This scientifically proven trick is a total game-changer for anyone who cooks. We all know the familiar sting; you start chopping an onion only to end up with tears streaming down your face. Why does this happen? 1 When you cut an onion, you break its cells, releasing sulfur (硫磺) compounds that form a gas. This gas mixes with the natural moisture in your eyes, creating a mild acid that causes irritation (刺激). 2 This is a protective reaction, not an emotional cry. The other major cause is tiny droplets. As a knife — especially a blunt (钝的) one — presses into the onion, it squeezes the inner liquid. When the skin breaks, this liquid forms droplets that splash upward, directly into your eyes. 1 A sharp knife slices cleanly, causing far less tissue pressure and droplet spray than a dull one. Using a blunt tool makes the tear problem much worse. Furthermore, these flying droplets pose an additional health risk. 2 If present, these germs can be spread around your kitchen by the same droplets that make you cry, increasing infection risk. Therefore, a sharp knife is a tool for both comfort and safety. What is the best solution? Simply sharpen your knives. The study tested common tips like washing onions in cold water or cooling them in the fridge, and found they did not work. 3 But for a simpler, science-backed method to minimize tears and mess, a sharp blade is your most effective choice. A．Onions can sometimes carry bacteria. B．Not everyone needs protection while slicing onions. C．This finding highlights the importance of your knife. D．In response, your eyes produce tears to wash the irritant away. E．For complete protection, safety glasses create a reliable barrier. F．Researchers now have uncovered both a chemical and a physical reason. G．This uncomfortable situation kicks your eyes into full-on protection mode. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了切洋葱时流泪的原因，并指出使用锋利的刀是减少流泪和杂乱的最有效方法。 1．上文“Why does this happen? (为什么会这样呢？)”提出了切洋葱时流泪的原因这一问题，空后“When you cut an onion, you break its cells, releasing sulfur (硫磺) compounds that form a gas. This gas mixes with the natural moisture in your eyes, creating a mild acid that causes irritation (刺激). (当你切洋葱时，你会破坏它的细胞，释放出形成气体的硫化合物。这种气体与你眼睛中的天然水分混合，产生一种引起刺激的弱酸。)”具体解释了切洋葱时流泪的化学原因，以及“The other major cause is tiny droplets. (另一个主要原因是微小水滴。)”指出了切洋葱时流泪的物理原因。选项F“Researchers now have uncovered both a chemical and a physical reason. (研究人员现在发现了化学和物理两个方面的原因。)”符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用。故选F。 2．上文“This gas mixes with the natural moisture in your eyes, creating a mild acid that causes irritation (刺激). (这种气体与你眼睛中的天然水分混合，产生一种引起刺激的弱酸。)”解释了切洋葱时释放的气体与眼睛中的自然水分混合产生刺激弱酸这一情况，空后“This is a protective reaction, not an emotional cry. (这是一种保护反应，而不是情绪化的哭泣。)”说明这是一种保护反应而非情绪化哭泣。选项D“In response, your eyes produce tears to wash the irritant away. (作为回应，你的眼睛会产生眼泪来冲走刺激物。)”符合语境，进一步阐述了眼睛针对刺激产生眼泪这一保护反应的具体表现，与上下文紧密相连。故选D。 3．下文“A sharp knife slices cleanly, causing far less tissue pressure and droplet spray than a dull one. Using a blunt tool makes the tear problem much worse. (锋利的刀切起来干净利落，与钝刀相比，产生的组织压力和飞溅的水滴要少得多。使用钝的工具会使流泪问题变得更糟。)”强调了使用锋利的刀切洋葱能减少组织压力和飞溅水滴，而钝工具会使流泪问题更严重。选项C“This finding highlights the importance of your knife. (这一发现强调了你的刀的重要性。)”符合语境，对后文关于刀对切洋葱时流泪情况的影响进行了概括性说明，引出下文具体阐述刀的重要性相关内容。故选C。 4．下文“If present, these germs can be spread around your kitchen by the same droplets that make you cry, increasing infection risk. (如果存在细菌，这些细菌可以通过让你流泪的飞沫在你的厨房里传播，增加感染的风险。)”提到如果存在细菌，细菌会通过让你流泪的飞沫在厨房传播，增加感染风险。选项A“Onions can sometimes carry bacteria. (洋葱有时会携带细菌。)”符合语境，解释了后文所说的可能存在的细菌的来源，与后文紧密相关。故选A。 5．上文“The study tested common tips like washing onions in cold water or cooling them in the fridge, and found they did not work. (研究测试了常见的建议，如用冷水洗洋葱或把它们放在冰箱里冷却，但发现这些方法都不起作用。)”提到研究测试了常见建议但效果不佳，空后“But for a simpler, science-backed method to minimize tears and mess, a sharp blade is your most effective choice. (但是，为了更简单、有科学依据的方法来减少流泪和杂乱，锋利的刀片是你最有效的选择。)”提出了一种更简单且有科学依据的减少流泪和杂乱的方法，即使用锋利刀片。选项E“For complete protection, safety glasses create a reliable barrier. (为了完全保护，安全眼镜可以创造一个可靠的屏障。)”符合语境，提出了另一种防止切洋葱时流泪的方法，与后文使用锋利刀片的方法形成对比，共同围绕减少切洋葱时流泪这一主题展开。故选E。 Passage 10 The Benefits of Power Naps Winston Churchill swore by them. After polishing off a boozy lunch and a cigar the former British prime minister would climb into bed for an afternoon nap. The last part of his regime may be worth imitating. 1 A randomised controlled trial in 2023 found that nappers woke up with improvements to mood, alertness and memory. Napping habitually might also be wise. A study from 2007 found that healthy adults who took regular naps had a 37% lower risk of dying from heart disease. 2 Sleep scientists tend to agree that a short “power” nap, somewhere between ten and 30 minutes, is best. For example, in 1994 NASA found that a 26-minute power nap enhanced pilots’ performance. Sleep for too long and you enter deeper sleep phases and wake up feeling groggy. 3 A meta-analysis in 2016 concluded that daily naps lasting more than an hour increased the risk of developing diabetes. Some sleep experts contend that humans are biologically disposed to nap. They point to a natural dip in alertness after midday. 4 In cultures where this is common, however, nappers must still rest at night for the recommended seven hours. Coffee is a popular antidote to midday drowsiness. 5 A study published in 2008 found power naps to be more effective than caffeine at improving alertness and memory. “The rest in the middle of the day”, Churchill wrote, “refresh the human frame far more than a long night.” Modern sleep experts might not go so far. But if you have time for a catnap, it could do you some good. Just remember to set an alarm. A．However, the duration of your nap is critical. B．This natural dip in alertness makes a brief daytime sleep appealing. C．Sleeping during the day is not just for shift workers and cats. D．Moreover, studies show such short naps do not harm nighttime sleep quality. E．Therefore, office workers should be encouraged to take naps during lunch breaks. F．Taking longer naps on a regular basis could even have negative health effects. G．But research suggests a short nap might be a more effective solution. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．F 4．B 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了午间小睡的益处，并强调了时长的关键性。同时，文章从生理节律角度解释了人类适合小睡的原因，并将其与喝咖啡提神的效果进行对比，最终指出短暂的小睡是更有效的休息方式。 1．由上文“Winston Churchill swore by them. After polishing off a boozy lunch and a cigar the former British prime minister would climb into bed for an afternoon nap. The last part of his regime may be worth imitating.(温斯顿·丘吉尔对午睡深信不疑。这位英国前首相在吃完一顿酒足饭饱的午餐、抽完一支雪茄后，总会上床睡个午觉。他这一日常习惯或许值得效仿。)”以及下文“A randomised controlled trial in 2023 found that nappers woke up with improvements to mood, alertness and memory.(2023年的一项随机对照试验发现，午睡者醒来后情绪、警觉性和记忆力均有所改善。)”可知，此处需要一个承上启下的主题句，将话题从个例转向普遍的科学论述。C选项“Sleeping during the day is not just for shift workers and cats.(日间小睡并非仅属于轮班工人和猫咪。)”打破了人们对午睡的刻板印象，符合题意，该选项中“not just for shift”为下文阐述“with improvements to mood, alertness and memory”及一系列科学研究做铺垫。故选C项。 2．由上文“A randomised controlled trial in 2023 found that nappers woke up with improvements to mood, alertness and memory. Napping habitually might also be wise. A study from 2007 found that healthy adults who took regular naps had a 37% lower risk of dying from heart disease.(2023年的一项随机对照试验发现，午睡者醒来后情绪、警觉性和记忆力均有所改善。养成规律午睡的习惯也不失为明智之举。2007年的一项研究表明，有规律午睡的健康成年人，死于心脏病的风险降低了37%。)”以及下文“Sleep scientists tend to agree that a short “power” nap, somewhere between ten and 30 minutes, is best.(睡眠科学家倾向于认为，一次10到30分钟的短暂“高效”小睡是最佳的。)”可知，此处需要一个表示转折的句子，引出享受前述益处的前提条件或重要限制。A选项“However, the duration of your nap is critical.(然而，你小睡的时长至关重要。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“However”完美承接转折关系，“duration”呼应下文“between ten and 30 minutes”。故选A项。 3．由上文“Sleep for too long and you enter deeper sleep phases and wake up feeling groggy.(睡得太久，你会进入更深睡眠阶段，醒来时感到昏昏沉沉。)”以及下文“A meta-analysis in 2016 concluded that daily naps lasting more than an hour increased the risk of developing diabetes.(2016年的一项荟萃分析得出结论，每天持续一小时以上的小睡会增加患糖尿病的风险。)”可知，此处需要一个概括性观点句，既总结“长睡”的不良影响，又引出后文的科学例证。F选项“Taking longer naps on a regular basis could even have negative health effects.(经常进行较长时间的小睡甚至可能对健康产生负面影响。)”能承上启下，符合题意，使段落内部形成“观点→现象→研究证据”的完整逻辑链。该选项中“Taking longer naps”呼应上文“Sleep for too long”，“negative health effects”与下文“increased the risk of developing diabetes”相呼应。故选F项。 4．由上文“Some sleep experts contend that humans are biologically disposed to nap. They point to a natural dip in alertness after midday.(一些睡眠专家认为，人类在生理上就适合小睡。他们指出，午后警觉性会自然下降。)”可知，此处需要一个对前文理由进行解释或推论的句子，说明这个生理现象意味着什么。B选项“This natural dip in alertness makes a brief daytime sleep appealing.(这种警觉性的自然下降使得短暂的日间小睡颇具吸引力。)”能承接上文，符合题意，该选项中，“This natural dip”指代上文“a natural dip”，“makes a brief daytime sleep appealing”与上文“biologically disposed to nap”相呼应。故选B项。 5．由上文“Coffee is a popular antidote to midday drowsiness.(咖啡是应对午后困倦的流行解药。)”以及下文“A study published in 2008 found power naps to be more effective than caffeine at improving alertness and memory.(2008年发表的一项研究发现，在提高警觉性和记忆力方面，高效小睡比咖啡因更有效。)”可知，此处需要一个表示对比或转折的句子，将讨论焦点从“咖啡”引向“小睡”，并暗示后者的优势。G选项“But research suggests a short nap might be a more effective solution.(但研究表明，短暂的小睡或许是更有效的解决方法。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“But”表示对比，“a short nap”对应下文的“power naps”，“more effective solution”则呼应下文“more effective”。故选G项。 Passage 11 1 When thinking about future events, optimists’ brains work similarly, while pessimists’ show greater individuality. A Kobe University finding explains why optimists are more sociable — they may share a common vision of the future. Optimists tend to have more satisfying social relationships and wider networks. 2 Psychologist YANAGISAWA Kuniaki wonders: “Why is this? Recent studies show people in central social positions have similar brain responses to stimuli. So those with similar attitudes toward the future may imagine it similarly, making understanding each other easier.” 3 To test this idea, Yanagisawa put together a team from social psychology and brain science. They aimed to find out how thinking about the future appears in the brain. “The question was untouched as it lies between two fields, but their combination opened this black box,” Yanagisawa said. 4 They recruited 87 people ranging from pessimists to optimists, asking them to imagine future events. Their brain activity was recorded via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The experiment provided clear brain evidence for the initial idea. 5 This similarity not only explains optimists’ better social connections but also offers new insights into how brain function shapes social behavior. A．Have you ever wondered why optimists often have better social lives? B．This similarity in brain function may explain their stronger social connections. C．A key question came up: Could this brain similarity be the reason? D．The lack of earlier research comes from the topic’s cross-field nature. E．Brain activity patterns tracked by fMRI showed consistent brain responses in optimists. F．Pessimists, by contrast, struggle to form such shared thinking patterns. G．Social psychology and brain science rarely work together on such cross-field topics. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项关于乐观者大脑活动的研究，解释乐观者社交更好的原因，即他们思考未来时大脑反应相似。 1．根据后文“When thinking about future events, optimists’ brains work similarly, while pessimists’ show greater individuality. A Kobe University finding explains why optimists are more sociable — they may share a common vision of the future. (思考未来事件时，乐观者的大脑运作方式相似，而悲观者则表现出更强的个体差异。神户大学的一项研究解释了为什么乐观者更善于社交——他们可能对未来有着共同的愿景。)”可知，后文开始解释乐观者社交能力更好的原因，此空应提出相关疑问，A选项“Have you ever wondered why optimists often have better social lives? (你有没有想过为什么乐观者通常拥有更好的社交生活？)”引出下文对原因的解释，符合语境。故选A项。 2．根据前文“Optimists tend to have more satisfying social relationships and wider networks. (乐观者往往拥有更令人满意的社交关系和更广泛的人脉。)”以及后文“Psychologist YANAGISAWA Kuniaki wonders: “Why is this? Recent studies show people in central social positions have similar brain responses to stimuli. So those with similar attitudes toward the future may imagine it similarly, making understanding each other easier.” (心理学家柳泽国昭提出疑问：“为什么会这样？最近的研究表明，处于社交中心位置的人对刺激的大脑反应相似。因此，那些对未来态度相似的人可能会以相似的方式想象未来，从而更容易相互理解。”)”可知，前文提出乐观者社交更好的现象，后文心理学家对此提出疑问并给出相关研究依据，此空应承接上文，提出关于大脑相似性是否为原因的关键问题，C选项“A key question came up: Could this brain similarity be the reason? (一个关键问题出现了：这种大脑相似性会不会就是原因？)”承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据后文“To test this idea, Yanagisawa put together a team from social psychology and brain science. They aimed to find out how thinking about the future appears in the brain. (为了验证这一想法，柳泽组建了一支由社会心理学和脑科学领域人员组成的团队。他们旨在弄清思考未来在大脑中是如何体现的。)”可知，后文说明要验证前文提到的想法，此空应先点明这个想法的内容，即大脑功能的相似性可以解释他们更强的社交联系，B选项“This similarity in brain function may explain their stronger social connections. (这种大脑功能的相似性或许可以解释他们更强的社交联系。)”承接上文的疑问，且引出后文的验证实验，符合语境。故选B项。 4．根据前文““The question was untouched as it lies between two fields, but their combination opened this black box,” Yanagisawa said. (柳泽说：“这个问题之前无人触及，因为它介于两个领域之间，但两者的结合打开了这个黑匣子。”)”可知，前文说明该问题因跨领域而未被研究，此空应进一步解释缺乏早期研究的原因，D选项“The lack of earlier research comes from the topic’s cross-field nature. (早期研究的缺乏源于该话题的跨领域属性。)”与前文内容相呼应，解释了原因，符合语境。故选D项。 5．根据前文“The experiment provided clear brain evidence for the initial idea. (实验为最初的想法提供了明确的大脑证据。)”以及后文“This similarity not only explains optimists’ better social connections but also offers new insights into how brain function shapes social behavior. (这种相似性不仅解释了乐观者更好的社交联系，也为大脑功能如何塑造社交行为提供了新的见解。)”可知，前文说明实验得到了证据，后文提到这种相似性，此空应说明实验中fMRI的检测结果，即乐观者的大脑反应一致，E选项“Brain activity patterns tracked by fMRI showed consistent brain responses in optimists. (功能性磁共振成像追踪的大脑活动模式显示，乐观者的大脑反应一致。)”给出实验的具体结果，且引出后文的相似性，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 12 Young Chinese travelers are discovering a clever way to save money on overseas trips. 1 For example, one traveler took a high-speed train from Beijing to Datong and then caught a direct flight to Bangkok. The total cost was much lower than a direct flight from Beijing. 2 This new travel style is possible thanks to newly opened international routes from smaller city airports. This makes the overall journey surprisingly affordable. The airports in these smaller cities offer another advantage: efficiency. With shorter walking distances and fewer crowds, they provide a relaxed start to the trip compared to the often busy major hubs. But for these young people, it’s not just about saving money. 3 They prefer to spend their budget on better food and experiences at their destination. An expert points out this reflects an upgrade in cultural consumption, not simply cheaper travel. How can these tickets be so cheap? 4 To encourage local tourism and economic growth, local governments often provide support for these new flight routes. This reduces airline costs, allowing them to offer low ticket prices. This trend is growing across China. More small and medium-sized cities are launching budget international flights. 5 A．The main reason involves government support and market operations. B．Therefore, the quality of their travel experience has significantly improved. C．They combine a short train ride to a nearby city with a flight from its airport. D．Instead, it represents a smarter choice aimed at gaining greater value. E．These flights are often 30-50% cheaper than those from big cities. F．Consequently, this has led to a decrease in international travel overall. G．As a result, young travelers now have more attractive and cheaper flight options. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当下年轻人流行的“从中小城市机场飞往海外”的新旅行模式，通过“高铁+小机场航班”的组合节省成本，并分析了其背后的原因（政府补贴、市场运作）和反映的消费观念升级（追求价值而非单纯低价）。 1．根据上文“Young Chinese travelers are discovering a clever way to save money on overseas trips.(年轻的中国游客正在寻找一种在海外旅行中节省费用的巧妙方法)”以及后文“For example, one traveler took a high-speed train from Beijing to Datong and then caught a direct flight to Bangkok. The total cost was much lower than a direct flight from Beijing.(例如，有一位旅客先乘坐高速列车从北京前往大同，然后乘坐直飞航班前往曼谷。整个行程的费用比从北京直接乘坐航班要低得多)”可知，空前的首句提出了“聪明的省钱方法”这一总体概念，空后则用具体例子（北京-大同-曼谷）进行说明。C项“他们先将短途高铁和从小城市机场起飞的航班结合起来”恰是对“这种方法”具体操作方式的解释说明，作为桥梁连接了抽象的“方法”概念和其后具体的例子，使逻辑连贯。故选C。 2．根据后文“This new travel style is possible thanks to newly opened international routes from smaller city airports. This makes the overall journey surprisingly affordable. The airports in these smaller cities offer another advantage: efficiency. With shorter walking distances and fewer crowds, they provide a relaxed start to the trip compared to the often busy major hubs.(这种新的旅行方式之所以能够实现，得益于一些较小城市机场新开通的国际航线。这使得整个旅程的费用出乎意料地实惠。这些较小城市的机场还有另一个优势：效率更高。由于步行距离较短且人群较少，与通常繁忙的大规模机场相比，它们为旅行提供了更为轻松的开端)”可知，第二段需要阐述此现象可行的客观条件。E项“这些航线的票价通常比从大城市直飞便宜30%-50%”概括了本段核心——价格优势。它作为段落主题句，直接引出了空后“这种新旅行方式成为可能”的原因，并与段尾提到的“使整个旅程出奇地划算”形成首尾呼应，统领全段。故选E。 3．根据上文“But for these young people, it’s not just about saving money.(但对于这些年轻人来说，这不仅仅是为了省钱)”以及后文“They prefer to spend their budget on better food and experiences at their destination. An expert points out this reflects an upgrade in cultural consumption, not simply cheaper travel.(他们更愿意将预算用于购买更优质的食物以及在目的地享受更多的体验活动。一位专家指出，这反映的是文化消费水平的提升，而非仅仅是旅行成本的降低)”可知，第三段旨在探讨现象背后的深层动机。空前句提出“这不只是图便宜”，将语意转向更深层次。D项“相反，它代表着一种旨在获取更高价值的更聪明选择”完美承接这一转折，明确指出了其本质是“价值追求”，进而自然引出空后关于“将预算用于更好体验”和“消费升级”的具体阐述，逻辑链条紧密。故选D。 4．根据上文“How can these tickets be so cheap?(这些票怎么这么便宜呢？)”以及后文“To encourage local tourism and economic growth, local governments often provide support for these new flight routes. This reduces airline costs, allowing them to offer low ticket prices.(为了促进当地旅游业的发展和经济增长，地方政府通常会为这些新的航线提供支持。这降低了航空公司的运营成本，从而使他们能够提供较低的票价)”可知，第四段以设问句开头，询问低价原因。A项“主要原因与政府支持和市场运作有关”直接、概括性地回答了该问题，是总起句。它随即引出了空后对“政府支持”如何具体运作的详细解释（如提供补贴、降低风险），构成了“总—分”的逻辑关系。故选A。 5．根据上文“This trend is growing across China. More small and medium-sized cities are launching budget international flights.(这种趋势正在中国各地不断蔓延。越来越多的中小城市正在开通廉价国际航班)”可知，文章最后一段描述此趋势在全国蔓延的现象。空前句列举了多个城市开通低价国际航线的实例。G项“因此，年轻旅行者现在有了更多诱人且廉价的飞行选择”正是基于前文众多实例得出的自然结论，总结了这一趋势对目标群体（年轻旅行者）产生的最终影响，有效收束全文，符合段尾句的功能。故选G。 Passage 13 Throughout our lives, we are often taught to look for just one correct answer to a question, like “What is 2+2?” or “What is the capital of India?” This “one problem, one answer” way of thinking is deeply rooted in how we learn. 1 However, what happens if we are asked to come up with different responses instead of one right answer? 2 I asked them, “What if there is more than one way to think about the answer to 2+2?” They shared many creative answers, such as “half of 8,” “the number of runners on a relay team,” or “the number that comes after 3.” 3 These students weren’t limited by the artificial “requirement” of a single right answer. They were simply asked a “What if…?” question. So, what lies behind this issue? Educator Ken Robinson observed that our school systems often fail to develop students’ natural creativity. 4 Studies show that while teachers say they value independent thinking, they often reward behavior that is simply obedient (顺从的). As a result, we create a workforce that follows instructions well but struggles to innovate. In short, we tell students to color inside the lines, but then expect adults to think outside the box. 5 How can we do this? First, teachers should ask more open-ended questions to encourage different ways of thinking. It is also crucial to create a safe classroom environment where students feel comfortable taking risks and making mistakes. By doing so, we can better equip students to solve complex problems with flexibility and innovation in the future. A．Avoiding risks is a natural tendency. B．However, they have the potential to succeed. C．To find out, I approached a group of fourth-graders. D．Instead, they promote uniformity and standardization. E．The results, as you can see, were diverse and inventive. F．Seldom do we consider the possibility of multiple answers. G．It’s time to break free from the “single right answer” mindset. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了我们常被教导寻求单一答案，但应鼓励多元思考。学校应培养创造力，摆脱“单一正确答案”思维，鼓励创新。 1．根据上文“Throughout our lives, we are often taught to look for just one correct answer to a question, like “What is 2+2?” or “What is the capital of India?” This “one problem, one answer” way of thinking is deeply rooted in how we learn.(在我们的一生中，常常会被教导要寻找一个问题的唯一正确答案，比如“2加2等于多少？”或者“印度的首都是哪里？”这种“一个问题，一个答案”的思维方式深深植根于我们的学习方式之中。)”以及第二段“However, what happens if we are asked to come up with different responses instead of one right answer?(然而，如果要求我们给出多种不同的答案，而非一个唯一的正确答案，那会怎样呢？)”可知，前文提到“我们一生中经常被教导要为一个问题寻找一个正确的答案”，后文提到“然而，如果我们被要求提出不同的回答而不是一个正确的答案呢”，由此可知，本句与前文形成转折关系，表示我们很少考虑多种答案的可能性，所以F选项“我们很少会考虑存在多种答案的可能性”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据后文“I asked them, “What if there is more than one way to think about the answer to 2+2?”(我问他们：“如果对于 2+2 这道题的答案，有不同的思考方式呢？”)”可知，后文提到“我问他们，‘如果2+2的答案不止一种思考方式呢？’他们分享了许多有创意的答案”，由此可知，本句表示作者为了找出答案，去找了一群学生，所以C选项“为了探究这一点，我接触了一群四年级的学生”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据上文“They shared many creative answers, such as “half of 8,” “the number of runners on a relay team,” or “the number that comes after 3.”(他们给出了许多富有创意的答案，比如“8 的一半”、“接力队中参与跑步的队员人数”或者“排在 3 之后的数字”)”以及后文“These students weren’t limited by the artificial “requirement” of a single right answer.(这些学生并未受到那种人为设定的“必须只有一个正确答案”的限制)”可知，前文提到学生们分享了许多有创意的答案，后文提到“这些学生没有被单一正确答案的人工要求所限制”，可知，本句表示这些答案的多样性和创新性，所以E选项“如你所见，这些结果是多种多样的且富有创意的”符合语境。故选E。 4．前文提到“Educator Ken Robinson observed that our school systems often fail to develop students’ natural creativity.(教育家肯·罗宾逊指出，我们的学校教育体系往往无法培养学生的天然创造力)”结合后文“Studies show that while teachers say they value independent thinking, they often reward behavior that is simply obedient (顺从的).(研究表明，尽管教师们声称重视独立思考，但他们往往奖励的却是那种单纯顺从的行为)”可知，本句表示学校系统反而促进了统一化和标准化，所以D选项“相反，他们推崇一致性与标准化”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据后文“How can we do this? First, teachers should ask more open-ended questions to encourage different ways of thinking. It is also crucial to create a safe classroom environment where students feel comfortable taking risks and making mistakes. By doing so, we can better equip students to solve complex problems with flexibility and innovation in the future.(我们该如何做到这一点呢？首先，教师应当提出更多开放式问题，以鼓励学生采用不同的思考方式。同时，营造一个安全的课堂环境也非常重要，让学生能够放心地尝试新事物并犯错。通过这样做，我们能够更好地帮助学生在未来灵活且创新地解决复杂问题)”可知，后文提到“我们该怎么做呢？首先，教师应该提出更多开放性的问题来鼓励不同的思维方式”，由此可知，第五空应表示要摆脱“单一正确答案”的思维模式，所以G选项“是时候摆脱“只有一个正确答案”的思维模式了”符合语境。故选G。 Passage 14 Social jetlag happens when your sleep schedule conflicts with the schedule of society, and it affects many people. 1 Over time, this misalignment between your internal clock and society’s demands can lead to a range of health problems. This phenomenon is known as social jetlag, a term coined by Professor Till Roenneberg in 2006. Your “chronotype” — a biological trait that determines whether you’re an early bird (lark), a night owl, or somewhere in between — plays a significant role in this. For example, larks feel most alert early in the morning. 2 However, modern life, with its early start times for work and school, often forces people to wake up before their bodies are ready. 3 Studies show that individuals with chronic social jetlag face an increased risk of various health problems, including metabolic issues and high stress levels. 4 To minimize the effects, experts suggest that people spend more time outdoors during the day, exposing themselves to natural light, which can help regulate their sleep cycles. In an ideal world, our schedules would be based on our chronotype, allowing us to work when we’re naturally at our best. Until then, it’s essential to be mindful of how early wake-ups and late nights affect our well-being. 5 A．It’s the result of waking up earlier than your body or staying up too late. B．While owls function better later in the day. C．While their energy at night will be much less than that during the day. D．If possible, align your schedule with your body’s natural rhythm to reduce social jetlag. E．However, it is not an unsolvable predicament. F．It’s a misalignment that severely impact individual health. G．This can lead to poor sleep, low productivity, and even health issues like obesity and diabetes. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．G 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社会时差这一现象，包括其产生原因、对健康的影响以及应对措施。 1．上文“Social jetlag happens when your sleep schedule conflicts with the schedule of society, and it affects many people. (社会时差发生在你的睡眠时间安排与社会的日程安排冲突时，它影响着许多人。)”解释了社会时差是什么，空格处应进一步阐述社会时差产生的原因。A项“It’s the result of waking up earlier than your body or staying up too late. (这是比身体所需醒得更早或熬夜太晚的结果。)”符合语境，解释了社会时差产生的原因，与上文衔接紧密。故选A。 2．上文“For example, larks feel most alert early in the morning. (例如，云雀在清晨感觉最清醒。)”以云雀为例说明不同生物钟类型的特点，B项“While owls function better later in the day. (而猫头鹰在一天中较晚的时候状态更好。)”符合语境，与上文形成对比，进一步阐述了不同生物钟类型的特点。故选B。 3．上文“However, modern life, with its early start times for work and school, often forces people to wake up before their bodies are ready. (然而，现代生活中，工作和学校开始时间较早，常常迫使人们在身体还未准备好时就醒来。)”说明了现代生活导致人们出现社会时差的情况，空格处应说明这种情况带来的后果。G项“This can lead to poor sleep, low productivity, and even health issues like obesity and diabetes. (这会导致睡眠质量差、工作效率低，甚至出现肥胖和糖尿病等健康问题。)”符合语境，承接上文，具体说明了社会时差带来的不良后果。故选G。 4．下文“To minimize the effects, experts suggest that people spend more time outdoors during the day, exposing themselves to natural light, which can help regulate their sleep cycles. (为了尽量减少这种影响，专家建议人们白天多在户外活动，接触自然光，这有助于调节他们的睡眠周期。)”说明专家提出了应对社会时差的建议，由此可推断空格处应表明社会时差这个问题是可以解决的。E项“However, it is not an unsolvable predicament. (然而，这并非是一个无法解决的困境。)”符合语境，引出下文专家提出的应对措施。故选E。 5．上文“Until then, it’s essential to be mindful of how early wake-ups and late nights affect our well-being. (在此之前，留意早起和熬夜对我们的健康有何影响是至关重要的。)”强调了要关注早起和熬夜对健康的影响，空格处应给出具体的应对建议。D项“If possible, align your schedule with your body’s natural rhythm to reduce social jetlag. (如果可能的话，让你的日程安排与身体的自然节奏保持一致，以减少社会时差。)”符合语境，给出了具体的应对社会时差的建议，与上文衔接紧密。故选D。 Passage 15 The meaning and power of smell Research into smell has never ended and in fact, there are so many interesting findings with regard to this sensation. 1 Commonly, a smell connected with a good experience can please us, while an odour (气味) bonded with a bad memory may disgust us. Many people noted that their olfactory (嗅觉的) preferences were based on emotional associations. Such associations can be so powerful that odours generally labeled unpleasant become agreeable, and those generally considered sweet become disagreeable for particular individuals. 2 One respondent believes there is no true emotional bonding without smelling a loved one. Infants recognize their mothers’ odours soon after birth. Individuals were able to distinguish by the smell of clothing worn by their partners from similar clothing worn by other people. Despite its importance to our emotional and sensory lives, smell is probably the most undervalued sense.While our olfactory powers are not as fine as those of certain animals, they are remarkably sensitive. 3 Smell, however, is a highly elusive phenomenon. Odours, unlike colours, can’t be named in many languages because the specific vocabulary simply doesn’t exist. “It smells like...”, we have to say when describing an odour, struggling to express our olfactory experience. 4 There is no effective way to capture or store them over time. 5 Smells considered offensive in some cultures may be acceptable in others. Therefore, our sense of smell is a means of interacting with the world. The study of the cultural history of smell is indeed an investigation into the essence of human culture. A．Nor can odours be recorded. B．Odours are also essential signals in social bonding. C．Besides, odours are granted different cultural values. D．Human’s perception of smell facilitates the spread of human culture. E．Our noses can perceive odours present in extremely small quantities. F．Everyone knows that smell can cause strong emotional responses. G．Some people’s preference for a particular odour was influenced by their parents. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了气味能引发强烈情感反应，是社交重要信号，虽难描述记录，但不同文化对其赋予了不同价值，值得探究。 1．根据上文“Research into smell has never ended and in fact, there are so many interesting findings with regard to this sensation. (关于嗅觉的研究从未停止过，事实上，关于这种感觉的发现实在是太多了，令人十分感兴趣。)”可知，表明下文要介绍一些有趣的发现。根据后文“Commonly, a smell connected with a good experience can please us, while an odour (气味) bonded with a bad memory may disgust us. (通常，与美好经历相关的气味会让我们感到愉悦，而与糟糕记忆相关的气味则会让我们感到厌恶。)”可知，表明气味能引起强烈的情感反应。由此可知，第一空应该填入一个与气味能引起情感反应相关的句子。选项F“每个人都知道气味能引起强烈的情感反应。”符合语境，且与后文内容紧密相关。故选F。 2．根据后文“One respondent believes there is no true emotional bonding without smelling a loved one. (有一位受访者认为，如果闻不到所爱之人的气味，就不会有真正的感情联结。)”可知，后文气味在情感联系中的重要性。第二空后两句“Infants recognize their mothers’ odours soon after birth. Individuals were able to distinguish by the smell of clothing worn by their partners from similar clothing worn by other people. (婴儿在出生后不久就能认出母亲的气味。个体能够通过伴侣所穿衣物的气味与其他人所穿类似衣物的气味加以区分。)”可知，这两句话通过举例进一步说明了气味在社交联系中的重要性。由此可知，第二空应该填入一个与气味在社交联系中重要性相关的句子。选项B“气味也是社交联系中的重要信号。”符合语境，且与后文内容紧密相关。故选B。 3．根据上文“While our olfactory powers are not as fine as those of certain animals, they are remarkably sensitive. (虽然我们的嗅觉能力不如某些动物那么敏锐，但它们非常敏感。)”可知，上文人类的嗅觉能力虽然不如某些动物，但仍然非常敏感。由此可知，第三空应该填入一个与人类嗅觉能力敏感相关的句子。选项E“我们的鼻子能感知极微量的气味。”符合语境，且与前文内容紧密相关。故选E。 4．根据上文““It smells like...”, we have to say when describing an odour, struggling to express our olfactory experience. (“那味道像是……”当我们描述一种气味时，总是难以准确表达出自己的嗅觉感受，只能用这样的方式来描述。)”可知，上文表明我们在描述气味时很难用语言准确表达。第四空后一句“There is no effective way to capture or store them over time. (目前还没有有效的方法来长期保存或收集这些信息。)”可知，后文表明气味难以被捕捉或储存。由此可知，第四空应该填入一个与气味难以被记录或捕捉相关的句子。选项A“气味也无法被记录”符合语境，且与前后文内容紧密相关。故选A。 5．根据后文“Smells considered offensive in some cultures may be acceptable in others. (在某些文化中被认为令人反感的气味，在其他文化中可能是可以接受的。)”可知，后文表明不同文化对气味的看法不同。由此可知，第五空应该填入一个与气味在不同文化中有不同价值相关的句子。选项C“此外，气味被赋予了不同的文化价值。”符合语境，且与后文内容紧密相关。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届最新高考模拟三轮冲刺卷（广东专用） 七选五15篇 Passage 1 Believing in your own worth is essential for a happy and healthy life. A sense of one’s worth starts developing early. 1 However, not all of them are positive or helpful. Psychologists note that negative beliefs such as “I’m not good enough” can limit us in many ways. The good news is that you can change them and grow your sense of self-worth. Here are some practical ways to strengthen your belief in yourself. Recognize your strengths. Evaluate what you enjoy doing, and then intentionally give yourself the space to engage in that activity and acknowledge your value. Think about what you enjoy and are good at — whether at work or in your free time — and allow yourself to take part in those activities. 2 Celebrate your efforts. 3 Writing down positive statements or treating yourself kindly enhances your own worth, without waiting for others’ praise. Speak to yourself kindly. 4 Would you speak to a friend the way you sometimes speak to yourself? Replace critical thoughts with supportive ones, like “I did my best”. 5 Make sure you are not always putting others’ needs before your own. When you put yourself behind others, you diminish your worth; when you maintain the main role, you remind your brain that you believe in your inherent value and worth. Building self-worth takes time, especially if you’ve long held negative beliefs about yourself. But by practicing these steps regularly, you can begin to see that you are valuable, capable, and worthy — just as you are. A．Prioritize others’ needs. B．Acknowledge the value you bring. C．Be the main character in your own life. D．When you finish a task, reward yourself. E．You should pay attention to your inner voice. F．From childhood, you develop fundamental beliefs about yourself. G．The coverage of self-worth is limited and does not extend far enough. Passage 2 “Research has revealed patients at a hospital who had plants in their rooms reported less pain, lower blood pressure, less tiredness and less anxiety than patients without plants in their rooms,” says Jenny Seham, PhD in Bronx, New York. 1 Jamie Keaton Jones, PhD, a psychologist in Washington, D．C．, says that for many people, tending to plants has surfaced as a hobby that enables them to experience greater comfort, so they often show plants to their friends on the Facebook or TikTok. 2 Rather than focusing on the past or worrying about the future, plant care helps one focus on the present moment and provides a feeling of accomplishment. Like any new skill or hobby, taking care of houseplants comes with a learning curve. 3 Finally, anyone can be an expert at gardening. Before you bring home a boatload of botanicals, Jones says it’s not about how many plants you have, but rather how you interact with them. For instance, are the plants in areas where you spend a lot of time? Do you care for them daily? If you have a small space, starting out with a lot of plants could be overwhelming. “ 4 It can engage you by its smell or color that creates a positive mood response with every interaction,” says Seham. Remember that while indoor gardening can be good for your mental well-being and can help with stress and relaxation, it’s not a cure-all. 5 But caring for plants can be useful and enjoyable in the long run. A．Just one plant can make a difference. B．Just buy as many plants as possible and bring them home. C．Houseplant collections have become a popular social media trend. D．Working in an environment with plants can greatly increase productivity. E．Having a plant doesn’t immediately or directly impact mental health processes. F．Gardening and caring for plants can help turn people away from negative thoughts. G．Anyone caring for plants should be patient and allow themselves time to learn the basics. Passage 3 The Power of Positive Relationships Positive relationships are the basis of a happy and satisfying life. Research has consistently shown that people with strong social connections are healthier, happier, and more flexible in the face of challenges. 1 Whether it’s with family, friends, or colleagues, developing these relationships can have a significant impact on our well-being. One of the key benefits of positive relationships is the emotional support they provide. When we are going through difficult times, having someone to rely on can make all the difference. 2 This emotional support helps us to cope with stress and anxiety and gives us the strength to keep going. 3 We are social creatures, and we have a natural need to connect with others. When we feel connected to others, we are more likely to feel valued and accepted. This sense of belonging can enhance our self-respect and confidence and help us to develop a positive self-image. In addition, positive relationships can help us to grow and learn. 4 They can challenge our assumptions, expose us to new ideas, and encourage us to step out of our comfort zones. Through our interactions with others, we can gain new perspectives (视角)，develop new skills, and better ourselves. Finally, positive relationships can bring joy and happiness into our lives. 5 Sharing experiences, laughter, and love with others can make even the ordinary moments feel special. These positive emotions not only make us feel good in the moment but also have long-term benefits for our mental and physical health. A．Positive relationships also provide us with a sense of belonging. B．Spending time with loved ones can bring us extreme joy and satisfaction. C．However, maintaining positive relationships requires effort and commitment. D．They can offer a listening ear, practical advice, or simply a shoulder to cry on. E．Negative relationships, on the other hand, can have a bad effect on our well-being. F．They can provide us with emotional support, a sense of belonging, and opportunities for growth. G．People we surround ourselves with can have a significant impact on our thoughts and behaviors. Passage 4 Grasping the Secret of Abstract Art The key to appreciating this art is to approach it with an open mind. Unlike traditional art forms that often describe recognizable objects or scenes, abstract art challenges realism. Instead, it invites us to explore emotions, thoughts, and ideas through shapes, colors, and forms. Be willing to release preconceived (事先形成的) ideas. 1 . Rather than seeking a definitive meaning, focus on how the artwork makes you feel. Move closer to notice the delicate details. 2 . Abstract art often reveals hidden layers of complexity that emerge with patient observation. Allow yourself to reflect on the feelings and thoughts caused by the piece. Understanding the visual elements employed in abstract art can deepen your appreciation. Colors, lines, shapes, textures, and patterns all contribute to the artwork’s impact. Research the artist behind the abstract piece to gain insights into their intentions and creative process. Artists often leave clues through titles, statements, or interviews. 3 . Engaging with others can expand your understanding of abstract art. Attend gallery exhibitions, art classes, or join online art communities. 4 . Hearing diverse interpretations can enrich your own experience and introduce you to new ways of looking at art. Unlike representational art, abstract pieces allow for multiple interpretations. 5 . Learning from professionals can deepen your knowledge and generate new enthusiasm for this charming art form. If you find yourself struggling to connect with this art form, consider seeking guidance from art experts or curators. They can offer valuable insights, historical context, and explanations that can enhance your understanding and enjoyment. A．Explore the world of abstract art in various ways B．By these means, you can discuss and share perspectives C．Then step back to appreciate the overall composition D．They give you a look into the message they aimed to convey E．The artists offer insights on how to buy engaging works of art F．Register workshops or attend art lectures that focus on abstract art G．Allow your imagination to wander freely within the artist’s creation Passage 5 Today, we’re busier than ever. We have jobs that require us to work long hours, kids to take care of, and so many other tasks. Too much work can harm our health over time. 1 The Dutch word simply means “to do nothing”. Practicing niksen is very simple, as it doesn’t really require us to do anything specific at all. 2 As easy as it sounds, it feels like an uncomfortable concept to get into. Do you feel dissatisfied when you don’t finish something on your to-do list? Personally, I feel regret if I don’t get something done in my day. 3 This is the time when we should make big moves in our lives. But as I read more, I realized “niksen” isn’t trying to get in the way of our pursuits. It is just a way of giving us what we need in our increasingly stressful lives. 4 Many forms of meditation (冥想) require us to take control of our thoughts and focus on our breathing and other things that sometimes make it harder for us to relax. Niksen just lets us do nothing, without thinking about whatever we need to do next. 5 In general, most big things we want to achieve in life won’t happen in one day. That being the case, it seems like a good use of our time to just let ourselves relax. In this way, we restore our energies and allow ourselves to work at full strength when we get back to our pursuits. A．It might even be better than meditation. B．Niksen could be just the solution we need. C．As the saying goes, Rome wasn’t built in a day. D．We can just sit in a chair and look out the window. E．I have never felt these things as strongly as some do. F．Another way of practising it is doing without any purpose. G．It’s a common thing especially for those of us in our 20’s and 30’s. Passage 6 Can you imagine taking your house apart, piece by piece, and putting it back together again every time you move to a new location? That’s just what many families in Mongolia do, as often as three or four times a year. In small groups of two to six households, Mongolian nomads (游牧民) traditionally travel from grassland to grassland. 1 However, all this moving would be much more difficult without a round, portable tent called a ger. Members of a Mongolian family can take a ger apart in less than an hour. Then they load the pieces on the backs of camels or on an animal-drawn cart, an SUV, or a small truck. 2 Nomads treat the ger’s entrance with respect. 3 Instead, they shout, “Nokhoi khor!”, which means “Hold your dog!” Traditionally, relatives, friends, and even strangers may drop in at any time. The family always keeps a bowl of dried cheese balls and other treats ready for guests. Although some of their details have changed through the years, gers have sheltered Mongolians since the time of Genghis Khan. Their core design has remained largely unchanged for centuries. Nowadays, even some permanent town residents live in gers. 4 For instance, rapid urbanization and climate change have led to a decrease in grassland, making it increasingly difficult for nomadic families to sustain their herding lifestyle. 5 Nevertheless, the round white ger remains the symbol of home, warmth, and hospitality in Mongolia. A．It takes about an hour to put the house back together. B．Visitors never knock on the colorfully decorated door. C．Today, the future of the nomadic way of life is uncertain. D．This makes sure their herds will have enough grass to feed on. E．Many nomads rely on traditional skills to fit together gers quickly. F．Meanwhile, the lifestyle centering on the ger has faced increased threats. G．This reflects their belief that the fire place, vital for survival, deserves great respect. Passage 7 Positive psychology, a relatively new branch of psychology, focuses on the strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive. 1 Its core aim is to promote well-being and happiness rather than merely treating mental illness. Research in this field has revealed several practices that can significantly enhance life satisfaction. 2 For instance, regularly writing down things one is grateful for has been linked to increased optimism and better sleep. Similarly, acts of kindness, whether small or large, not only benefit recipients but also boost the giver’s sense of purpose and social connection. This creates a positive feedback loop that reinforces prosocial (亲社会的) behavior. Another key area is the cultivation of positive relationships. Humans are inherently social beings, and the quality of our relationships deeply affects our psychological health. 3 Studies show that strong social support can buffer against stress and is correlated with longer, healthier lives. Meanwhile, many people tend to overlook the process. Actually, setting and working toward meaningful goals is also central to positive psychology. It emphasizes that goals aligned with personal values, rather than external pressures, foster a deeper sense of purpose. Cherishing the process of striving itself contributes to growth and life satisfaction. 4 While some may dismiss these practices as too simple, they are grounded in rigorous and cautious scientific research. 5 By intentionally applying these principles, people can build resilience (韧性) and discover greater joy in their daily lives, demonstrating that well-being is indeed a skill that can be developed. This empowering perspective puts the tools for a happier life within everyone’s reach. A．These activities shift focus from what is lacking to what is abundant. B．Critics argue that it ignores the complexity of human suffering. C．Therefore, it encourages investing time and effort in nurturing connections. D．Contrary to traditional psychology, it does not diagnose or cure disorders. E．It emphasizes the journey as much as the destination, fostering growth and engagement. F．Actually, its methods have proven effective in diverse cultures and age groups. G．Moreover, physical exercise is recommended as a complementary strategy for mental health. Passage 8 Self-sabotage (自我阻碍) is nothing new. To help us develop wiser habits, we must first identify what stands in our way. 1 That’s why here we will examine those common mental mistakes together, starting with the ones that prevent us from becoming our best selves. 2 The most harmful habit is treating the brain as if it’s a fixed tool. Psychologists call this the “fixed mindset” — the belief that ability is natural and cannot be changed. The better alternative, “growth mindset”, treats intelligence as something that can be developed through effort and strategy. We don’t give our brains enough sleep. 3 Skip it, and your performance drops in clear ways — your thinking becomes slow and your decision-making suffers. 24 hours without sleep greatly slows down response time, a clear sign of mental decline. Even small sleep loss harms attention, short-term memory, mood, and judgment. We fail to provide structure for our brains. 4 Without them, we drift without focus, killing any creative spark we hoped to create. A 2021 study found that college students who put things off showed clear drops in mental control and organization. We put our brains in a bad environment. Finally, we sometimes leave our brains in poor surroundings. It’s like leaving candy on your desk when you’re on a diet: You might resist for a while, but eventually you give in. The same happens with the mind. 5 A．Our mental surroundings shape our thinking results. B．Recognizing these patterns is the first step to improvement. C．We treat the brain as a fixed tool rather than a muscle to build. D．Our brains need structure, goals, and deadlines to function well. E．Regular contact with negative influences impairs cognitive function. F．Drug abuse can cause serious long-term harm to their brain function. G．Sleep is when the brain strengthens and processes what it has learned. Passage 9 This scientifically proven trick is a total game-changer for anyone who cooks. We all know the familiar sting; you start chopping an onion only to end up with tears streaming down your face. Why does this happen? 1 When you cut an onion, you break its cells, releasing sulfur (硫磺) compounds that form a gas. This gas mixes with the natural moisture in your eyes, creating a mild acid that causes irritation (刺激). 2 This is a protective reaction, not an emotional cry. The other major cause is tiny droplets. As a knife — especially a blunt (钝的) one — presses into the onion, it squeezes the inner liquid. When the skin breaks, this liquid forms droplets that splash upward, directly into your eyes. 1 A sharp knife slices cleanly, causing far less tissue pressure and droplet spray than a dull one. Using a blunt tool makes the tear problem much worse. Furthermore, these flying droplets pose an additional health risk. 2 If present, these germs can be spread around your kitchen by the same droplets that make you cry, increasing infection risk. Therefore, a sharp knife is a tool for both comfort and safety. What is the best solution? Simply sharpen your knives. The study tested common tips like washing onions in cold water or cooling them in the fridge, and found they did not work. 3 But for a simpler, science-backed method to minimize tears and mess, a sharp blade is your most effective choice. A．Onions can sometimes carry bacteria. B．Not everyone needs protection while slicing onions. C．This finding highlights the importance of your knife. D．In response, your eyes produce tears to wash the irritant away. E．For complete protection, safety glasses create a reliable barrier. F．Researchers now have uncovered both a chemical and a physical reason. G．This uncomfortable situation kicks your eyes into full-on protection mode. Passage 10 The Benefits of Power Naps Winston Churchill swore by them. After polishing off a boozy lunch and a cigar the former British prime minister would climb into bed for an afternoon nap. The last part of his regime may be worth imitating. 1 A randomised controlled trial in 2023 found that nappers woke up with improvements to mood, alertness and memory. Napping habitually might also be wise. A study from 2007 found that healthy adults who took regular naps had a 37% lower risk of dying from heart disease. 2 Sleep scientists tend to agree that a short “power” nap, somewhere between ten and 30 minutes, is best. For example, in 1994 NASA found that a 26-minute power nap enhanced pilots’ performance. Sleep for too long and you enter deeper sleep phases and wake up feeling groggy. 3 A meta-analysis in 2016 concluded that daily naps lasting more than an hour increased the risk of developing diabetes. Some sleep experts contend that humans are biologically disposed to nap. They point to a natural dip in alertness after midday. 4 In cultures where this is common, however, nappers must still rest at night for the recommended seven hours. Coffee is a popular antidote to midday drowsiness. 5 A study published in 2008 found power naps to be more effective than caffeine at improving alertness and memory. “The rest in the middle of the day”, Churchill wrote, “refresh the human frame far more than a long night.” Modern sleep experts might not go so far. But if you have time for a catnap, it could do you some good. Just remember to set an alarm. A．However, the duration of your nap is critical. B．This natural dip in alertness makes a brief daytime sleep appealing. C．Sleeping during the day is not just for shift workers and cats. D．Moreover, studies show such short naps do not harm nighttime sleep quality. E．Therefore, office workers should be encouraged to take naps during lunch breaks. F．Taking longer naps on a regular basis could even have negative health effects. G．But research suggests a short nap might be a more effective solution. Passage 11 1 When thinking about future events, optimists’ brains work similarly, while pessimists’ show greater individuality. A Kobe University finding explains why optimists are more sociable — they may share a common vision of the future. Optimists tend to have more satisfying social relationships and wider networks. 2 Psychologist YANAGISAWA Kuniaki wonders: “Why is this? Recent studies show people in central social positions have similar brain responses to stimuli. So those with similar attitudes toward the future may imagine it similarly, making understanding each other easier.” 3 To test this idea, Yanagisawa put together a team from social psychology and brain science. They aimed to find out how thinking about the future appears in the brain. “The question was untouched as it lies between two fields, but their combination opened this black box,” Yanagisawa said. 4 They recruited 87 people ranging from pessimists to optimists, asking them to imagine future events. Their brain activity was recorded via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The experiment provided clear brain evidence for the initial idea. 5 This similarity not only explains optimists’ better social connections but also offers new insights into how brain function shapes social behavior. A．Have you ever wondered why optimists often have better social lives? B．This similarity in brain function may explain their stronger social connections. C．A key question came up: Could this brain similarity be the reason? D．The lack of earlier research comes from the topic’s cross-field nature. E．Brain activity patterns tracked by fMRI showed consistent brain responses in optimists. F．Pessimists, by contrast, struggle to form such shared thinking patterns. G．Social psychology and brain science rarely work together on such cross-field topics. Passage 12 Young Chinese travelers are discovering a clever way to save money on overseas trips. 1 For example, one traveler took a high-speed train from Beijing to Datong and then caught a direct flight to Bangkok. The total cost was much lower than a direct flight from Beijing. 2 This new travel style is possible thanks to newly opened international routes from smaller city airports. This makes the overall journey surprisingly affordable. The airports in these smaller cities offer another advantage: efficiency. With shorter walking distances and fewer crowds, they provide a relaxed start to the trip compared to the often busy major hubs. But for these young people, it’s not just about saving money. 3 They prefer to spend their budget on better food and experiences at their destination. An expert points out this reflects an upgrade in cultural consumption, not simply cheaper travel. How can these tickets be so cheap? 4 To encourage local tourism and economic growth, local governments often provide support for these new flight routes. This reduces airline costs, allowing them to offer low ticket prices. This trend is growing across China. More small and medium-sized cities are launching budget international flights. 5 A．The main reason involves government support and market operations. B．Therefore, the quality of their travel experience has significantly improved. C．They combine a short train ride to a nearby city with a flight from its airport. D．Instead, it represents a smarter choice aimed at gaining greater value. E．These flights are often 30-50% cheaper than those from big cities. F．Consequently, this has led to a decrease in international travel overall. G．As a result, young travelers now have more attractive and cheaper flight options. Passage 13 Throughout our lives, we are often taught to look for just one correct answer to a question, like “What is 2+2?” or “What is the capital of India?” This “one problem, one answer” way of thinking is deeply rooted in how we learn. 1 However, what happens if we are asked to come up with different responses instead of one right answer? 2 I asked them, “What if there is more than one way to think about the answer to 2+2?” They shared many creative answers, such as “half of 8,” “the number of runners on a relay team,” or “the number that comes after 3.” 3 These students weren’t limited by the artificial “requirement” of a single right answer. They were simply asked a “What if…?” question. So, what lies behind this issue? Educator Ken Robinson observed that our school systems often fail to develop students’ natural creativity. 4 Studies show that while teachers say they value independent thinking, they often reward behavior that is simply obedient (顺从的). As a result, we create a workforce that follows instructions well but struggles to innovate. In short, we tell students to color inside the lines, but then expect adults to think outside the box. 5 How can we do this? First, teachers should ask more open-ended questions to encourage different ways of thinking. It is also crucial to create a safe classroom environment where students feel comfortable taking risks and making mistakes. By doing so, we can better equip students to solve complex problems with flexibility and innovation in the future. A．Avoiding risks is a natural tendency. B．However, they have the potential to succeed. C．To find out, I approached a group of fourth-graders. D．Instead, they promote uniformity and standardization. E．The results, as you can see, were diverse and inventive. F．Seldom do we consider the possibility of multiple answers. G．It’s time to break free from the “single right answer” mindset. Passage 14 Social jetlag happens when your sleep schedule conflicts with the schedule of society, and it affects many people. 1 Over time, this misalignment between your internal clock and society’s demands can lead to a range of health problems. This phenomenon is known as social jetlag, a term coined by Professor Till Roenneberg in 2006. Your “chronotype” — a biological trait that determines whether you’re an early bird (lark), a night owl, or somewhere in between — plays a significant role in this. For example, larks feel most alert early in the morning. 2 However, modern life, with its early start times for work and school, often forces people to wake up before their bodies are ready. 3 Studies show that individuals with chronic social jetlag face an increased risk of various health problems, including metabolic issues and high stress levels. 4 To minimize the effects, experts suggest that people spend more time outdoors during the day, exposing themselves to natural light, which can help regulate their sleep cycles. In an ideal world, our schedules would be based on our chronotype, allowing us to work when we’re naturally at our best. Until then, it’s essential to be mindful of how early wake-ups and late nights affect our well-being. 5 A．It’s the result of waking up earlier than your body or staying up too late. B．While owls function better later in the day. C．While their energy at night will be much less than that during the day. D．If possible, align your schedule with your body’s natural rhythm to reduce social jetlag. E．However, it is not an unsolvable predicament. F．It’s a misalignment that severely impact individual health. G．This can lead to poor sleep, low productivity, and even health issues like obesity and diabetes. Passage 15 The meaning and power of smell Research into smell has never ended and in fact, there are so many interesting findings with regard to this sensation. 1 Commonly, a smell connected with a good experience can please us, while an odour (气味) bonded with a bad memory may disgust us. Many people noted that their olfactory (嗅觉的) preferences were based on emotional associations. Such associations can be so powerful that odours generally labeled unpleasant become agreeable, and those generally considered sweet become disagreeable for particular individuals. 2 One respondent believes there is no true emotional bonding without smelling a loved one. Infants recognize their mothers’ odours soon after birth. Individuals were able to distinguish by the smell of clothing worn by their partners from similar clothing worn by other people. Despite its importance to our emotional and sensory lives, smell is probably the most undervalued sense.While our olfactory powers are not as fine as those of certain animals, they are remarkably sensitive. 3 Smell, however, is a highly elusive phenomenon. Odours, unlike colours, can’t be named in many languages because the specific vocabulary simply doesn’t exist. “It smells like...”, we have to say when describing an odour, struggling to express our olfactory experience. 4 There is no effective way to capture or store them over time. 5 Smells considered offensive in some cultures may be acceptable in others. Therefore, our sense of smell is a means of interacting with the world. The study of the cultural history of smell is indeed an investigation into the essence of human culture. A．Nor can odours be recorded. B．Odours are also essential signals in social bonding. C．Besides, odours are granted different cultural values. D．Human’s perception of smell facilitates the spread of human culture. E．Our noses can perceive odours present in extremely small quantities. F．Everyone knows that smell can cause strong emotional responses. G．Some people’s preference for a particular odour was influenced by their parents. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $