Unit6 Grammar学案2025-2026学年沪教版七年级英语下册

该初中英语导学案聚焦情态动词can/cannot, may/may not, must/must not的语用功能及后接动词原形规则，通过教材对话语境导入，引导学生观察动词形式与功能，结合连线辨析、规则表格等学习支架，构建从感知到归纳的语法知识脉络。 资料亮点在于阶梯式操练（纠错诊断、语境选择、课本完形填空）与真实生活语用输出（制定校园行为规范），通过自主探究提升学习能力，情境化练习发展语言能力，语用迁移培养思维品质，助力学生精准运用情态动词进行交际。

Unit 6 Electricity everywhere (Grammar Focus) Topic: Modal Verbs (can, may, must) | 设计人：范Jim Class: _____________ Name: _______________ Number: _________ 🎯 学习目标 (Learning Objectives) 1. 知识发现：通过观察语境对话，自主探究并总结出情态动词 can/cannot, may/may not, must/must not 的核心语用功能及后接动词形式。 2. 技能巩固：能在多样化的情境（能力表达、请求许可、义务与禁止）中，大幅度通过阶梯式练习精准运用情态动词进行语言交际。 3. 语用迁移：能迁移所学语法规则，针对实际学校生活场景，合理运用 must 和 mustn't 制定出地道的校园行为规范。 💡 探究一：语境感知与发现 (Observe and Discover) Task 1: 请认真阅读教材 P89 Daisy 和 Benny 的对话，仔细观察划线部分的结构与表达，并体会其语气。 Benny: How was your school day, Daisy? Daisy: It was great. We learnt about electricity in our science class. Benny: Can you tell me what you know about electricity? Daisy: We can't see it powering everyday things but we can see it when there is a lightning storm. Benny: Right. Mum told me we mustn't go outdoors during a storm. It's dangerous. Daisy: Yes, that's right. However, you can produce electricity safely by rubbing a ruler against your sweater. Look at me! Benny: Wow. That's fun! May I try? Daisy: Yes, of course. But you must give it back to me because it's my favourite ruler! 【核心思考与探究】 1. 观察对话中出现的动词形式：tell, see, go, produce, try, give。它们都位于情态动词后面，属于动词的 ______________（原形 / 过去式 / 动名词）。 2. 语境功能连线辨析（在横线上写出对应字母）： ① can / cannot (can't) _______ A. 用于询问、给予或拒绝“许可”（可以 / 不可以） ② may / may not _______ B. 表达“必须”做某事 / “强烈禁止”做某事 ③ must / must not (mustn't) ___ C. 表达“能够、有能力”做某事 / “没有能力”做某事 📝 探究二：规则建构与整理 (Summarize the Rules) Task 2: 结合具体的语言实例，完成下列情态动词语法规则高度概括表。 语用功能分类 肯定形式 否定形式及缩写 核心语法规则 (用法说明) 能力表达 (Ability) can cannot / ________ 说明客观上具有或不具有做某事的能力。 请求许可 (Permission) may may not 表达委婉的请求或给予授权。*口语中常用 ________ 替代 may。 规则义务 (Obligation) must must not / ________ 表示主观或客观上“必须”做某事，否定常用来表示“绝对禁止”。 🧗‍♂️ 探究三：阶梯式深度操练 (Step-by-step Practice) Level 1: 火眼金睛——纠错诊断（找出下列句子中的语法错误，并在横线上写出正确的句子） 1. My sister can speaks three languages, including English and French. __________________________________________________________________________________ 2. It's late. We must to go home right now. __________________________________________________________________________________ 3. You mustn't running in the hallways. It's very dangerous. __________________________________________________________________________________ 4. May I using your ruler for a minute, Daisy? __________________________________________________________________________________ 5. He cannot plays football because his leg is hurt. __________________________________________________________________________________ 6. — Must I finish this work today? — No, you mustn't. (提示: 含义不符合逻辑) __________________________________________________________________________________ Level 2: 精挑细选——语境选择（单项选择题，多维度考查语气和语法） 1. — ______ I open the window to let some fresh air in? — Yes, please. It's a bit hot here. A. Must B. May C. Need D. Will 2. Look at the sign 'No Smoking'. You ______ smoke here! A. can B. may C. mustn't D. needn't 3. Little Tom is only three years old, but he ______ draw very beautiful pictures. A. can B. must C. may D. should 4. — Must I hand in my English homework before 5:00 p.m. today? — No, you ______. You can hand it in tomorrow morning. A. mustn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. needn't 5. Drivers ______ drive carefully when they pass by a junior high school. A. may B. must C. can D. may not 6. You ______ touch that machine. It is running and very hot. A. don't have to B. needn't C. mustn't D. can 7. — Can you go swimming with me this afternoon? — Sorry, I ______. I have to prepare for the English exam. A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. shouldn't 8. In the reading room, we ______ keep quiet. We ______ talk loudly. A. must; can't B. can; may not C. must; mustn't D. may; shouldn't Level 3: 课本语境深度还原 (Textbook Context Completion) Task 3: 认真阅读教材 P89-90 完形对话。这是关于 Daisy 收到生日礼物机器人 Bobo 后的对话。请选用 can, can't / cannot, may, may not, must, mustn't / must not 填空，使其语法正确、语义完整。 Daisy: Thank you, Dad. It is the best gift in the world! Dad: You (1) ________________ name your robot now. Daisy: I think I'll call him "Bobo". Dad: That's a good name. Daisy: How (2) ________________ I turn him on? Dad: First you have to put the batteries inside here. Then you (3) ________________ switch it on. Now you (4) ________________ talk with "Bobo". Bobo: Hello. Please give me a name. Daisy: Hello. I'll name you "Bobo". Bobo: I love my name, thank you. Dad: Bobo, please tell us what you (5) ________________ do. Bobo: I (6) ________________ dance and sing and play football. I (7) ________________ play chess and I (8) ________________ speak Chinese, English and French. Daisy: Wow! You (9) ________________ help me with my homework then. Bobo: If you have questions, you (10) ________________ ask me. But you (11) ________________ do your homework yourself. Daisy: OK. I'll go swimming in the afternoon. (12) ________________ you come with me? Bobo: Sorry. I (13) ________________ swim. I (14) ________________ stay away from water. If I get wet, I'll become ill and won't work anymore. So you (15) ________________ put me in the water. Dad: Daisy, here are the instructions for "Bobo". You (16) ________________ read them very carefully and find out what you can and (17) ________________ do. Bobo: Let me read them out for you, master. ... 🌟 探究四：真实生活语用输出 (Real-world Application) Task 4: 你的亲弟弟/妹妹即将步入全新的校园生活。请你用本节课所学的“must (必须)”和“mustn't (千万不要/禁止)”为他/她量身定制一套地道的校园行为规范(Dos and Don'ts)。 【词汇与短语脚手架 Word Bank】 be polite to teachers and classmates (对师长同学有礼貌) | listen to teachers carefully (专心听讲) run or push in the hallways (在走廊奔跑/推搡) | fight with others (与人打架) | raise your hand before speaking (发言前举手) eat or chew gum in class (课堂上吃东西/嚼口香糖) | hand in homework on time (按时交作业) Dos (作为学生，你必须做到的事情): (1) You must be polite to your classmates and teachers. (2) You must ____________________________________________________________________. (3) ____________________________________________________________________________. (4) ___________________________________________________________________________. Don'ts (作为学生，你绝对不能违反的底线): (1) You mustn't eat in class. (2) You mustn't ________________________________________________________________. (3) _________________________________________________________________________. (4) __________________________________________________________________________. 🏁 课堂自我评价与反思 (Self-Evaluation) 请根据自己本节课的探究表现，在相应的括号内打勾(√)： 1. 我能准确区分 can, may, must 的语用语气吗？ ( 能够 / 比较困难 ) 2. 我记住了情态动词后面必须用动词原形这条金科玉律了吗？ ( 记住了 / 偶尔会忘 ) 3. 本节课我的阶梯操练正确率： ( 90%以上 / 70%-90% / 70%以下 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $