专题04 阅读理解（新闻报道）（期末真题汇编，江苏专用）高一英语下学期

**基本信息** 高中英语期末阅读理解汇编，精选江苏多地期末真题，涵盖社会热点（如青少年网络使用、手机校园限制）、文化传承（昆曲数字化、《红楼梦》美食复刻）、科技医疗（Neuralink脑芯片、癌症免疫疗法）等主题，素材真实鲜活，注重语言能力与跨文化思维培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇4题|社会问题（互联网影响）、文化传承（昆曲）、科技（AI伦理）、医疗（VR治抑郁）等|情境具时代性（如疫情后旅游业复苏、脑机接口）；问题层次分明（词义猜测如“digital curfew”、观点推断如Rani对数字宵禁的看法），贴合高考真题对信息筛选与逻辑分析的考查要求|

专题04 阅读理解（新闻报道） 主题01 人与社会——社会问题与社会现象 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） Almost half of young people would rather live in a world where the internet does not exist, according to a new survey. The research reveals that nearly 70% of 16 to 21-year-olds feel worse about themselves after spending time on social media. Half would support a “digital curfew” that would restrict their access to certain apps and sites past 10 pm, while 46% said they would rather be young in a world without the internet altogether. The results came after the government weighed up the possibility of making cut-off times mandatory (强制的) for certain apps such as TikTok and Instagram. Rani Govender, the policy manager for child safety online at the NSPCC, said that digital curfews, while helpful, could not stop children being exposed to harmful materials online without other measures being put in place. “We need to make clear that a digital curfew alone is not going to protect children from the risks they face online. They will be able to see all these risks at other points of the day and they will still have the same impact,” she said. The study, conducted by the British Standards Institution, surveyed 1,293 young people and three-quarters said they had spent more time online as a result of the pandemic, while 68% said they felt the time they spent online was harmful to their mental health. Andy Burrows, chief executive of the suicide prevention charity the Molly Rose Foundation, said “it was clear that young people are aware of the risks online and want action from tech companies to protect them”. He added that algorithms (算法) can provide content that “can quickly spread and take young people down rabbit holes of harmful material through no fault of their own”. New laws were “urgently required to embed a safe approach to regulation that puts the needs of children and society ahead of those of big tech”, he said. 1．What does the phrase “digital curfew” in paragraph 2 probably refer to ? A．A complete ban on digital devices. B．Parental control over the use of software. C．Governmental monitoring of online activity. D．Restrictions on internet access during specific hours. 2．What does Rani Govender think of digital curfews? A．They are the most effective solution for online safety. B．They are strongly opposed by most technology companies. C．They need to be combined with other measures to be effective. D．They prevent children from accessing harmful content entirely. 3．What does Andy Burrows mean in paragraph four? A．To call for new laws to regulate big techs. B．To highlight young people’s concerns and demand. C．To point out tech companies’ responsibility for online safety. D．To criticize young people for spending too much time online. 4．What can be learned about algorithms in the last paragraph ? A．Algorithms effectively remove all harmful content. B．Algorithms make it easy to find desired content quickly. C．Algorithms primarily show content requested by the user. D．Algorithms can unintentionally lead users to harmful content. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） Recently, Florida and California have both passed laws that limit the use of smartphones in public schools. This move is welcome as they reflect a growing awareness that it is unhealthy for young people to spend all day looking at phones. The laws limiting phone usage, however, tend to be broad, filled with exceptions. At the same time, private schools have pushed ahead with their own rules, which are typically more comprehensive (详尽的) than the well-meaning but ineffective laws made by state governments. Half-hearted laws, especially those that place the burden (负担) on teachers, are almost useless. The enforcement (执行) of these laws often leaves teachers in challenging positions. For example, a teacher told a case where a parent listened to a classroom discussion through their child’s phone and immediately emailed a complaint about the lesson. Young people respond best to rules that are simple, clear and easy to follow. Plus, teachers should not be expected to announce the rules before every class. Strict limitations set clear expectations for students and help them work together better without overburdening already busy teachers. The arguments against strict phone bans (禁令),on the other hand, are unpersuasive (没有说服力). Parents are concerned about locking up phones in case of an emergency, but classroom rules shouldn’t be designed around unlikely disasters. Students are also free to keep low-tech phones for emergency situations. A student from Oregon complained of having trouble finding friends in the lunchroom after her school banned phones. High schoolers who need to get in touch with mom and dad say they’re confused about the school’s old-fashioned rules. The passing of the laws is a hopeful sign that schools are finally waking up to the dangers of smartphone overuse. The perfect treatment, however, is sadly lacking. 1．How are the rules made by private schools different from government laws? A．They sound broader. B．They are ill-meaning. C．They are welcomed by students. D．They produce better results. 2．In paragraph 2, the author mentions the example to explain that ______. A．parents should stop complaining about children’s class B．governments should set clear and direct phone bans C．teachers should carry out strict enforcement of phone use D．students should work together without teachers’ help 3．In paragraph 3, parents are against banning phones because of their children’s ______. A．difficulty in acquiring low-tech phones B．trouble in making friends without phones C．need to use phones in emergency situations D．confusion about schools’ old-fashioned rules 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the laws limiting phone usage? A．Unclear. B．Objective. C．Confused. D．Supportive. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） China has set new rules limiting the amount of time children can spend playing online games. The rules limit children to just three hours of online game playing a week. That is one hour between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Friday, Saturday and Sunday most weeks. Li Zhanguo has two children aged 4 and 8. Even though they do not have smartphones, they enjoy playing online games. Like many other parents. Li is happy with new government rules. But experts say it is unclear if such policies can help prevent addiction to online games. Children might just get addicted to social media instead. In the end, experts say, parents should be the ones to set limits and support good practice. There has been a growing concern in China about gaming addiction among children. Government reports in 2018 found that about one in ten Chinese children were addicted to the Internet. The new rules are part of an effort to prevent young people from spending too much time on unhealthy entertainment. That includes what officials call the “irrational fan culture” Under the new rules, the responsibility for making sure children play only three hours a day falls largely on Chinese gaming companies like Net Ease and Ten cent. Companies have set up real-name registration systems to prevent young users from going past game time limits. They have used facial recognition technology to check their identities. And they have also set up a program that permits people to report what is against the law. It is unclear what punishments gaming companies may face if they do not carry out the policies. And even if such policies are performed, it is also unclear whether they can prevent online addiction. A specialist treating Internet addiction expects about 20 percent of children will find ways to break the rules by borrowing accounts of their older relatives and find a way around facial recognition. In his opinion, short-video alps such as Douyin and Kuaishou are also very popular in China. They are not under the same restrictions as games. 1．When can children play games according to the new rules? A．Between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. On Friday. B．Between 8 p. m. and 9 p.m. On Tuesday. C．Between 10 p.m. and 11 p.m. On Saturday. D．Between 10 p. m. and 11 p.m. On Thursday. 2．According to experts, _________ A．the new rules can stop children’s addiction to social media B．companies are more responsible for kids ‘ obeying the rules C．the new rules will help prevent children playing online games D．parents play a greater part in limiting the time of online games 3．What will children probably do to battle with the new rules? A．Design an advanced program. B．Use facial recognition systems. C．Set up real-name registration systems. D．Borrow accounts of their older relatives. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Rules Limiting Short-video apps B．Rules Limiting Video Game Time C．Rules Banning Irrational Fan Culture D．Rules Breaking Addiction to Social Media Passage 4 （23-24高一下·江苏泰州·期末） The total number of domestic (国内的) trips during the past May Day holiday was 274 million, up 70.83 percent than last year. and 119. 09 percent over the same period in 2019, generating 148.056 billion yuan ($21.44 billion) in tourism profits, up 128.90 percent than last year, and 100.66 percent over the same period in 2019. As the first May Day holiday after new pandemic (流行病) policies, it was expected that people’s long-controlled desire to travel would be satisfied, but no one expected it would do so to this extent. The outstanding tourism performance during this year’s May Day holiday mainly resulted from the improvement of public services. Actually, even before the holiday, many places were improving tourism facilities to meet the increased stream of visitors. Zibo in Shandong province, popular for its barbecue, for example, opened parking lots and toilets for the public for free. Only by improving public services can a region keep attracting tourists all the time. The explosive growth of tourism during the May Day holiday is a manifestation of China’s economic power, especially the power of the consumer market. It also shows the faster recovery of public confidence, which will not only stimulate the growth of service consumption, but also stimulate the expansion of demand in other industries, thus promoting the expansion of overall domestic demand and helping the economic recovery to speed up. As long as the country focuses on expanding domestic demand and does what it can do to realize the potential of domestic consumption, the continuous development of China’s economy is certain. 1．Why are the figures mentioned in the beginning? A．To show the recovery of Chinese tourism. B．To show the expectation of Chinese tourists. C．To show the development of Chinese economy. D．To show the improvement of our living standard. 2．What is the main reason behind the excellent tourism performance? A．Huge tourism profits. B．Better public services. C．Convenient holiday traffic. D．Delicious barbecue in Zibo. 3．What does the underlined word “manifestation” mean in Paragraph 3? A．display. B．scene. C．cause. D．balance. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of China’s economy? A．Unclear. B．Negative. C．Concerned. D．Positive. 主题02 人与社会——中国文化与节日 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·江苏常州·期末） Kunqu, which combines poetry, music, beautiful costumes and graceful performances, was listed as one of the masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage (非物质文化遗产) of humanity by UNESCO in 2001. But it is far from a heritage. In the busy streets of Kunshan, this ancient art form continues to find new life, balancing between keeping its timeless beauty and meeting the demands of modernity. For performers like You Tengteng, an actress at the Kunshan Contemporary Kunqu Theater, the act is both a challenge and a passion. After a long day of practice, You and her colleagues discuss their latest performance strategies not in a traditional theater but on Douyin, a Chinese video-sharing platform. In partnership with the platform, You and seven other performers livestream (网络直播) their shows for at least 20 hours each month. The goal is simple yet great: to reach a new generation of audiences who might hesitate to sit through a two or three-hour-long performance in an opera house (戏院). One of the challenges is translation — not from language to language but from centuries-old art to the screens of smartphones. To draw audiences in the digital age, the performers have condensed (压缩) the lengthy art form into acceptable one-hour pieces, inviting viewers to experience Kunqu in more relaxed settings, whether over tea at a cafe or within the walls of a museum. The strategy seems to be working, particularly among Chinese youth. After performances, it is common to see young fans eagerly lining up for selfies and autographs (签名) with the performers. Their newfound love for this ancient art is a piece of evidence to its continuous development. You Tengteng’s influence goes beyond the stage. Over the last few years, the Kunshan Kunqu theater has held more than 2, 500 performances and tours, drawing over 20 million attendees from China and abroad. In addition, the local government has spent 177 million yuan ($25. 05 million) to support new productions and performances. 1．Why did You Tengteng livestream Kunqu on Douyin? A．To help promote Douyin platform. B．To attract more fans to make money. C．To popularize Kunqu among young people. D．To encourage people to practise Kunqu 2．What is the main challenge You Tengteng faces? A．Showing the timeless beauty of Kunqu. B．Translating the art to different languages. C．Raising enough money for new productions. D．Adapting Kunqu to the demands of digital time. 3．Which or the following can best describe You Tengteng according to this article? A．Romantic. B．Responsible. C．Humorous. D．Traditional. 4．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A．Effect of You Tengteng and her colleagues’ practice. B．You Tengteng’s personal influence. C．The reason why You Tengteng succeeded. D．The situation of Kunshan Kunqu theater. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏常州·期末） Li Dan works as a teacher at East China Jiaotong University in Jiangxi Province. During her spare time, she recreates ancient Chinese delicacies that have been all but lost to history. Li began working on the project in August 2020, and so far the many traditional dishes she has created include more than 60 from Dream of the Red Mansions, one of China’s four greatest classic novels. To recreate the dishes, she has had to refer to books on traditional recipes, agriculture and even traditional Chinese medicine to learn and adopt traditional techniques. “I’ve liked the novel since I was a kid because I was always impressed by the food described in it. Its illustration of the dishes vividly shows the elegance of life in that era, so I have been trying to revive them,” said Li. “I make these delicacies in the hope that more people will read the novel.” Li says that one of the biggest challenges is recreating dishes that require highly seasonal ingredients. If all of her trial dishes fail during the short season, she needs to wait one year to try again. The most difficult dishes she has ever attempted are chicken skin soup with pickled bamboo shoots, and dried eggplant. It took her more than two weeks to finish each of the dishes. “Clothing and buildings can all be well looked after, whereas food can seldom be conserved in museums. For food, modern people have only ancient accounts to refer to,” she said. Food is one of many highlights in traditional Chinese culture. As Chinese culture is increasingly accepted by the younger generations, many online influencers like Li also have posted videos of themselves recreating ancient Chinese food. Professional chefs have also been bringing cuisines recorded in ancient books back to life, carrying forward traditional techniques. Through their efforts, the culture and folk customs behind the plate are also being brought back. 1．Why did Li recreate the dishes from Dream of the Red Mansions? A．To gain more followers online. B．To attract more people to the book. C．To carry forward traditional techniques. D．To make the dish-making process simple. 2．What brings Li challenges when she recreates traditional dishes? A．Her lack of experience in cooking. B．Her busy teaching job at university. C．The high costs of some ingredients. D．The short supply time of some ingredients. 3．What do we know about the dishes recreated by Li? A．They can be kept in museums. B．There are videos about them online. C．Professional chefs speak highly of them. D．They are from China’s four classic novels. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．New life of traditional Chinese dishes B．A hobby turned into a second career C．Media influence on traditional Chinese culture D．Traditional Chinese food shines on the world stage Passage 3 （24-25高一下·江苏常州·期末） Li Dan works as a teacher at East China Jiaotong University in Jiangxi Province. During her spare time, she recreates ancient Chinese delicacies that have been all but lost to history. Li began working on the project in August 2020, and so far the many traditional dishes she has created include more than 60 from Dream of the Red Mansions, one of China’s four greatest classic novels. To recreate the dishes, she has had to refer to books on traditional recipes, agriculture and even traditional Chinese medicine to learn and adopt traditional techniques. “I’ve liked the novel since I was a kid because I was always impressed by the food described in it. Its illustration of the dishes vividly shows the elegance of life in that era, so I have been trying to revive them,” said Li. “I make these delicacies in the hope that more people will read the novel.” Li says that one of the biggest challenges is recreating dishes that require highly seasonal ingredients. If all of her trial dishes fail during the short season, she needs to wait one year to try again. The most difficult dishes she has ever attempted are chicken skin soup with pickled bamboo shoots, and dried eggplant. It took her more than two weeks to finish each of the dishes. “Clothing and buildings can all be well looked after, whereas food can seldom be conserved in museums. For food, modern people have only ancient accounts to refer to,” she said. Food is one of many highlights in traditional Chinese culture. As Chinese culture is increasingly accepted by the younger generations, many online influencers like Li also have posted videos of themselves recreating ancient Chinese food. Professional chefs have also been bringing cuisines recorded in ancient books back to life, carrying forward traditional techniques. Through their efforts, the culture and folk customs behind the plate are also being brought back. 1．Why did Li recreate the dishes from Dream of the Red Mansions? A．To gain more followers online. B．To attract more people to the book. C．To carry forward traditional techniques. D．To make the dish-making process simple. 2．What brings Li challenges when she recreates traditional dishes? A．Her lack of experience in cooking. B．Her busy teaching job at university. C．The high costs of some ingredients. D．The short supply time of some ingredients. 3．What do we know about the dishes recreated by Li? A．They can be kept in museums. B．There are videos about them online. C．Professional chefs speak highly of them. D．They are from China’s four classic novels. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．New life of traditional Chinese dishes B．A hobby turned into a second career C．Media influence on traditional Chinese culture D．Traditional Chinese food shines on the world stage 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·江苏宿迁·期末） “Our history and culture is very important to understanding the present moment and where we’re heading in the future.” said Apple CEO Tim Cook on Monday. Cook highlighted technology’s role in expanding the audience for traditional culture after watching a Kunqu Opera performance, saying, “What technology does and what our products do is help expand the audience for traditional culture.” The event featured a performance of a classic excerpt (节选) from the 400-year-old Peony Pavilion by the Northern Kunqu Opera Theatre. Model-actress and director Chang Chunxiao presented her iPhone-shot short documentary, The People in the Time Tunnel, which reveals behind-the-scenes stories of the theater’s new interpretation of the opera. Cook remarked on the power of video to share such cultural experiences globally: “Only a few of us could fit in the theater and enjoy it, but with the video we’re able to capture that for the world. It enables us to connect with our history in a much deeper way and with many more people.” Cook expressed his personal admiration for Chinese calligraphy, calling it “one of the most beautiful art forms in the world,” and stressed the importance of its preservation. He underlined the broader significance of safeguarding history and culture in a nation with 5,000 years of heritage, noting that “There’s so much in the past that can be learned from and used to make our lives better in the present moment.” Addressing the current trend of artificial intelligence, Cook expressed his view on technology’s purpose: enriching lives, enhancing productivity, and boosting creativity. He firmly asserted technology’s supplementary role: “But it does not and it should not replace human being. It’s a complement rather than a replacement.” 1．What is the main function of Cook’s words in Paragraph 1? A．Highlight commercial gains. B．Provide false statistics. C．Contrast tradition with innovation. D．Present Cook’s major argument. 2．What key role does Cook see for video technology? A．Enhancing theatrical performances. B．Globalizing cultural experiences. C．Replacing physical attendance. D．Simplifying artistic creation. 3．What is implied by Cook’s reference to China’s 5,000-year heritage? A．Technology must reproduce historical models to ensure progress. B．Modern societies neglect ancestral wisdom in solving current issues. C．Historical heritage provides applicable insights for present improvement. D．Cultural preservation holds back technological advancement. 4．What is Cook’s core belief regarding artificial intelligence? A．Human creativity becoming outdated. B．Enhancing, not replacing humanity. C．Automating tasks for efficiency. D．Ethics blocking AI contributions. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏南通·期末） On an early winter morning, a small group of students and tourists were taking pictures of the horses with their phones. These horses, known locally as takhi and globally as Przewalski’s horse, are unique. They are the only type that has never been trained and they are the fruits of one of the most successful ever wildlife reintroduction plans of Hustai National Park. “Horses are key to our culture. Everyone is glad to have them back,” says Dashpurev with a smile, who is in charge of Hustai National Park. Once hunted to extinction in the wild in the 1960s, Przewalski’s horses now number nearly 1,000, at three sites across Mongolia, as well as in China and Kazakhstan. The largest population — numbering 423 — is in central Mongolia’s Hustai National Park. These horses are descendants (后代) of 84 animals that were airlifted from European zoos in the 1990s. “Before the reintroduction, no one believed we could save this species,” recalls Dashpurev. Now, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has downgraded Przewalski’s horse from “critically endangered” to “endangered”, marking a significant milestone in their recovery. However, despite this success story, Mongolia faces numerous challenges in protecting its other species. Besides hunting, the climate emergency is putting more pressure. Temperatures are rising three times faster than the global average, bringing more extreme weather events that wipe out large numbers of animals. Faced with this crisis, the government has taken actions to protect wild areas. In 1998, Mongolia promised to protect 30% of its territory by 2030 — a goal adopted by 100 other countries in 2021. So far it is on 21%. Last year, the president launched a drive to plant 1 billion trees by 2030 and tough fines have had success in stopping illegal hunting. Yet these efforts are hamstrung (妨碍) by a lack of funding. “The government wants to grow the economy. That’s the key thing for them, so they are putting a lot of effort into agriculture and mining,” says Buuveibaatar, a scientist at the Wildlife Conservation Society, “Wildlife is ignored. As a result, some of its conservation areas are paper parks. The Przewalski’s horse reintroduction plan is an example of how to save wildlife. Now, the challenge lies in introducing this success to the rest of the country’s other wildlife.” 1．Why are these horses unique according to the passage? A．They are airlifted from European zoos. B．They are successfully introduced species. C．They are the only true wild horse species. D．They can only be photographed in Mongolia. 2．What was the public’s attitude towards saving these horses before the reintroduction? A．Relieved. B．Supportive. C．Uninterested. D．Doubtful. 3．Why is the climate emergency mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．To introduce the reasons for wildlife extinction. B．To explain its influence on wildlife in Mongolia. C．To stress the challenges facing wildlife protection. D．To express the author’s feelings about the extinction. 4．What does Buuveibaatar imply in the last paragraph? A．Hustai National Park provides a positive model. B．The government’s focus should be the economy. C．Other countries can help by following the footsteps. D．The Przewalski’s horse is the only one worth saving. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） ）A fisherman in northern Cambodia hooked what researchers say is the world’s largest freshwater fish — a giant stingray (黄貂鱼) that scientists know relatively little about. The fisherman, 42, caught the 300-kilogram fish, which measured about four meters in length, near a remote island on the Mekong River in the Stung Treng area. A team of scientists from the Wonders of Mekong research project helped tag (给…装标签), measure and weigh the fish before it was released back into the river. The research group believes it was healthy when released and expects it to survive. The tag—which emits an acoustic (声音的) signal — will allow researchers to track the fish’s movements and they hope, learn more about its species’ behavior in the Mekong. The catch “highlights how little we know about a lot of these giant freshwater fish,” said Zeb Hogan, a fish biologist at the University of Nevada. “You have a fish that’s now the record holder for the world’s largest freshwater fish, and we know little about it.” The fisherman, Moul Thun, caught the giant stingray with a hook and line on the evening of June 13, and then contacted researchers the next morning. Researchers with the Wonders of Mekong were already in northern Cambodia to install underwater receivers as part of a project to track migratory fish in the river. “It’s a particularly healthy stretch of the river with a lot of deep pools — pools up to 90 meters deep,” said Hogan, who is also the host of National Geographic’s “Monster Fish” television series. “We started focusing on this area as a stretch of river that’s particularly important for biodiversity and fisheries, and as a last refuge (避难所) for these big species.” For several months, the research group has been in contact with local fishermen, asking them to get in touch if they landed a significant catch. The group has helped with two other large giant freshwater stingray releases in recent months. The fisherman who caught the record fish was paid market price for his catch. “It works because the fish is not a highly prized food fish,” Hogan said. Hogan said little is known about the giant freshwater stingray. The creature has a mouth about “the size of a banana” with no teeth, but with “gripping pads” used to crush (压碎) prey. “They’re on the bottom finding shrimps, mollusks and small fish. They can suck them up with this banana-shaped mouth and crush them,” he said. 1．What did the scientists use the tag to do? A．To enable the freshwater fish to survive. B．To record the sound of the freshwater fish. C．To be informed of the freshwater fish’s health. D．To help them know more about the freshwater fish. 2．What is Zeb Hogan’s tone in paragraph 4? A．Optimistic. B．Regretful. C．Indifferent. D．Proud. 3．What does Hogan say about the deep pools? A．Their depth can hardly be measured. B．They are too deep to explore in detail. C．There is a special TV show about them. D．They are likely home to big species. 4．What do researchers expect fishermen to do? A．To discover highly prized food fish. B．To sell their big catch at a lower price. C．To report their unusual catch in time. D．To show respect for the significant catch. 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·江苏无锡·期末） China’s online population crosses 1 billion as of June, up 21.75 million compared with that in December, a report from the China Internet Network Information Centre said on Friday. Of the total, nearly half of the netizens use the Internet to order food, a significant increase, according to the report. It said the instant delivery business, especially for fresh food and medicine, had developed rapidly since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The report said this fast growth has benefited people and stabilized the economy together with regular food and drinks takeout. In the report, the proportion of Internet users aged 50 and above accounted for 28 percent as of June, up 5. 2 percentage points from June 2020. Considering the number of elderly netizens is rising, the State Council, China’s Cabinet, and relevant government departments, released guidelines to provide them easier access to Internet, it said. For example, in a guideline issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology last year,115 websites and 43 smartphone applications were required to be optimized (优化) to solve difficulties of the elderly and the disabled in the face of smart technologies, it said. Internet enterprises were also asked to provide easier online services for COVID-19 control for elderly people, and increase barrier-free functions for the disabled in maps, news and other apps, it said, adding the aim was to ensure the scientific and technological innovation could be shared by all. 1．What delivery service developed quickly under the COVID-19 pandemic? A．Drinks takeout. B．Medicine. C．Regular food. D．Smartphones. 2．What does the underlined word “proportion” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Relationship. B．Measurement. C．Percentage. D．Coverage. 3．What did Internet companies do for elderly people? A．They offered them smartphones to connect when necessary. B．They increased barrier-free functions in some news apps. C．They provided easier online services for COVID-19 control. D．They downloaded 43 smartphone applications free of charge. 4．Why were Internet enterprises also asked to provide easier online services? A．To respond to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. B．To promote our scientific and technological innovation among the old. C．To serve China’s increasing online disabled population properly. D．To guarantee technological innovation could benefit all the people. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏南通·期末） Neuralink has conducted its first surgical test of a brain chip implant (芯片植入), announcing a new step of Elon Musk’s ambitious plan to let humans wirelessly (无线) connect their brains with phones and other devices. Months before, for its clinical trial, Neuralink called for volunteers aged 22 and above with quadriplegia (四肢瘫痪) due to a brain injury or ALS, a disease that prevents people from controlling their bodies. This clinical trial is called PRIME — for Precise Robotically Implanted Brain-Computer Interface. As the name implies, the process involves using a robot to surgically put the wires of the company’s implant into a part of the brain related to movement. The implant procedure employs custom-made microscopic needles. The tip is only 10 to 12 microns in width — slightly larger than the diameter of a red blood cell, which allows threads to be put in with minimal damage to the brain. Neuralink has previously faced different opinions due to accusations (指控) in 2022 and 2023 against the effect the company’s practices produced on monkeys and other animals used in testing. “No monkey has died as a result of a Neuralink implant,” Musk said in response last September, “to reduce risk to healthy monkeys, we chose terminal monkeys.” Research in computers and neurology (神经学) has been going for decades, including the fast growing field of decoding (解码) the brain’s electrical activity around words,  impulses and images. Much of the ongoing research has sought to bring people affected by paralysis and blindness new ways of interacting with the world. But implants have also long been seen as having the potential to “enhance” people who aren’t affected by such serious conditions. “Imagine the joy of connecting with your loved ones, surfing the Internet or even playing games using only your thoughts,” Neuralink said. 1．Through brain chip implant test, Neuralink aims ____________. A．to reduce people’s control over the outside world B．to call for more people to volunteer in the research C．to cure people of diseases such as quadriplegia and ALS D．to enable people to use modern devices with their minds 2．What does the underlined word “terminal” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Full of energy. B．Close to death. C．Willing to be volunteers. D．Unlikely to be sick. 3．What can be concluded about the Neuralink implant? A．It has been going on for decades. B．It can also benefit healthy people. C．It can make your loved ones happier. D．It is conducted widely across the world. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Neuralink Put Implant into a Human Brain B．Neuralink Researched in Computer Technology C．Neuralink Helped to Connect Your Beloved Ones D．Neuralink Treated Rare Diseases Just with Needles 主题02 人与社会——医疗 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·江苏连云港·期末） In 2024, Chinese doctor Wang Zhenyi, turning 100, was given the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest honor, for his battle against leukemia (白血病). Over decades, he transformed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a deadly disease, into one that can be cured. In the mid-20th century, he saw about 60 APL patients die in a single year, which strengthened his determination to defeat leukemia. “As a doctor, it pains me most to see a patient suffering when there is nothing I can do,” he said. Wang spent nearly all his free time in libraries and labs, doing research. After years of tireless work, an element called all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) came into the picture as a hopeful cure for APL. In 1986, a five-year-old girl who was found to have APL was expected to die quickly. Wang used ATRA on her. Seven days later, her symptoms improved significantly; a month later, she fully recovered. That year, 24 APL patients were treated, and 23 of them got better without needing chemotherapy (化疗). However, some patients later got sick again. To solve this, Wang added arsenic trioxide (ATO), a poisonous chemical. At first, the use of the poisonous compound was met with much doubt. However, it proved effective. With the new ATRA-ATO combination therapy (疗法), the survival rate for APL rose from 10 percent to more than 97 percent. Wang refused to patent (申请专利) the therapy. “A doctor should put patients’ well-being first,” he said. Today, a box of 10 ATRA pills costs just 300 yuan in China. Honored with national awards, Wang stayed modest, “I achieved only one thing — being responsible for my patients.” 1．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．APL made patients die without suffering. B．Wang won the medal for his contributions . C．APL was a mild disease before his research. D．The medal strengthened Wang’s determination. 2．What improved the survival rate of leukemia patients? A．The combination of ATRA and ATO. B．The treatment of the five-year-old girl. C．The discovery of arsenic trioxide (ATO). D．The improvement in chemotherapy techniques. 3．Which of the following would Wang most agree with? A．Personal income defines a doctor’s worth. B．Patients’ well-being must always come first. C．Professional recognition should be the final goal. D．Established treatments should never be challenged. 4．What can we learn from Wang’s story? A．Great minds think alike. B．Every cloud has a silver lining. C．One good turn deserves another. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. Passage 2 （23-24高一下·江苏泰州·期末） Some of the 17 million Americans suffering from major depressive disorder may soon receive a surprising new suggestion from their doctors: Have fun on a virtual reality (VR) device. “Depression impacts so many people right now, and we thought VR could have a large impact,” said Bullock, founder of Stanford’s Neurobehavioral Clinic and Virtual Reality program. “There can be significant barriers to behavioral activation (行为激活) in some patients — they might be stuck in a hospital bed, or have no means to involve themselves in enjoyable activities like getting outside, exercising and volunteering. We started wondering whether simulated (模拟的) pleasant activities could be a good first step for them.” The study by Bullock’s team, published in JMIR Mental Health, followed 26 people with major depressive disorder. Half were told to plan and take part in real life activities like going on outings in their community or socializing with friends. The other half used a virtual reality headset to participate in activities ranging from table tennis to touring foreign cities or attending shows. After four weeks, people in both groups saw a decrease in their symptoms of depression and their depression rating by similar amounts. “People who might otherwise have barriers to getting treatment might be open to using this technology in their own homes,” said Margot Paul, a professor of mental and behavioral sciences. Bullock believes the cost and ease of many VR platforms — especially those that have mobile phones put into cheap cardboard headsets — make it an easy treatment to promote. The team says larger and longer-term studies are needed to find the best ways to practice virtual behavioral activation, as well as which patient populations might be best targeted with the VR treatment. They also think more efforts are needed to inform doctors about how to practice VR behavioral activation appropriately. 1．What is the benefit of using virtual reality to treat depression? A．It provides easier access to mood-lifting activities. B．It increases public awareness regarding depression. C．It motivates those with serious depression to get out. D．It is more effective than taking part in real life activities. 2．What’s Margot Paul’s attitude towards the VR treatment? A．Unclear. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Negative. 3．What might the follow-up study focus on? A．Cutting down on the cost of VR treatment. B．Exploring how VR lifts the patient’ spirits. C．Putting the VR treatment into practical use. D．Encouraging doctors to adopt VR treatment. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．VR — a simple tool to treat depression B．VR — a shared world without frontiers C．VR — a replacement for traditional drugs D．VR — a technology taking the world by storm Passage 3 （24-25高一下·江苏常州·期末） A cancer treatment no longer means what it used to be. Just a few decades ago, the survival rate beyond five years was less than 50%. Now, nearly 70% of those who get cancer survive that long, and that rate is set to rise. Why? Because, more than ever, chemotherapy (化疗) and radiation, once the only ways of cancer treatment, are being paired with or replaced by varieties of new drugs and treatments. For example, the first medication for what was previously considered an “undruggable” lung cancer was recently approved in the United States, Canada, Europe and the U.K. And a brand-new precise chemotherapy drug delivered directly to breast cancer cells is giving hope to patients with the HER 2-positive form of the disease. Another discovery has been the promise of a treatment called immunotherapy, as researchers around the world have discovered ways to use the body’s own immune (免疫) system to battle cancer cells. Also driving hope is a focus on prevention. Decades of research and public education have led to greater awareness of how lifestyle changes can reduce our risk of developing cancer. According to an article from the journal Pharmaceutical Research and published by the National Institutes of Health, 90% to 95% of cancers can be owed to environment and lifestyle, rather than to genetic (基因的) factors. Employing vaccines (疫苗) is another effective way of prevention. Take the mRNA cancer vaccines for example. The speedy development of COVID-19 vaccines was thanks to foundations already laid by researchers who had been working for years to create mRNA vaccines to fight cancer. These vaccines use a specially programmed molecule (分子) to activate an immune response in the body’s cells. Unlike the COVID-19 vaccines designed to help protect billions of people, each cancer mRNA vaccine is tailored to treat a single patient’s cancer. In fact, this personalized approach can be made for everyone, and for every cancer. 1．Why is the survival rate beyond five years rising now? A．Because new drugs and treatments have come out. B．Because chemotherapy and radiation get advanced. C．Because new drugs have been paired with old ones. D．Because new treatments have replaced the old ones. 2．What can we learn from the fourth paragraph? A．All the cancers are not related to genetic factors. B．Most cancers have no relationship with lifestyle. C．A focus on prevention is our only hope to deal with cancer. D．All cancers have relationship with environment and lifestyle. 3．What can we infer about cancer mRNA vaccine according to the text? A．The COVID-19 vaccines can be used to fight some cancers. B．One cancer mRNA vaccine can’t be used for another cancer. C．One cancer mRNA vaccine can be used to treat patients of the same cancer. D．The COVID-19 vaccines were created from previous cancer mRNA vaccines. 4．What is the text? A．A diary entry. B．A news report. C．A book review. D．A science fiction. 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·江苏扬州·期末） Just off the Florida Keys lies the world’s third-largest coral reef (珊瑚礁), which was once an energetic habitat for millions of plants and animals. But an outbreak of stony coral tissue loss disease threatens to destroy 20 of the 45 species found there, including larger reef-building corals. “This disease that is burning through the Florida Keys is an unbelievable event that is happening,” said Andrew Stamper, conservation science manager at Disney’s Animals, Science and Environment. “It’s like a wildfire.” Stamper said that would endanger Florida’s fishing industry and food supply. “Unfortunately, we do not know exactly what is causing this,” he said. In order to save the reef, scientists have moved some species hundreds of miles away to a lab in Orlando. Scientists work to simulate breeding (繁殖) conditions in the lab. The conditions are exactly the same as the living conditions of the coral. The work needs a lot of care, effort and attention to detail. LED lights exactly copy the sun and moon cycles. Volunteers feed the coral in water treated to mimic its real habitat. “This essentially is a gene bank,” said Jim Kinsler, leader of SeaWorld Orlando. “We’re trying to protect the genetics of these corals so that their offspring(后代)can eventually be returned back to the Florida reef area.” The task of relocating the lab-grown coral to the sea is also a detailed task. Kinsler, who is part of a team of private and public partners operating the Florida Coral Rescue Center, said, “It’s the first time that many of them have been involved in rescuing an entire ecosystem,” “We think the real challenge is just growing them out to a size, so we can test them in those waters, test their disease resistance (抵抗力), and then breed the successful corals by the hundreds of thousands literally,” said Andrew Walker, president of the Fish & Wildlife Foundation of Florida. 1．What do we know about the Florida Keys? A．It owns the world’s largest coral reef. B．A disease broke out among people there. C．The world’s third-largest coral reef is close to it. D．It is now the habitat of millions of plants and animals. 2．What do Andrew Stamper’s words mean? A．The root of the disease is unclear. B．A wildfire broke out in the Florida Keys. C．The disease will spread across the Earth. D．The disease has caused a great loss to the locals. 3．What does the underlined word “simulate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Copy. B．Contrast. C．Escape. D．Feature. 4．What is the purpose of the research according to Andrew Walker? A．To restore the coral in the lab. B．To sell the coral in the normal size. C．To make more people involved in protecting the ecosystem. D．To produce masses of disease-resistant coral back to the sea. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏连云港·期末） “Sunshine might be healthier than most people think, outweighing the risk of skin cancer”, British doctors suggested last week. The four researchers at Bristol University were accused of weakening years of campaigning to warn people of the dangers of too much sun. Experts agree exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays increases the risk of skin cancer and accelerates the signs of aging. But in the British Medical Journal the Bristol team led by Andrew Ness wrote, “There is evidence that the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight may outweigh the widely publicized negative effects on the incidence of skin cancer.” Vitamin D, made in the body in reaction to sunlight, prevented rickets (软骨病) in children and was associated with a protective effect against heart disease. Sunshine was also useful for treating certain skin conditions and there was also the “feel good effect of lying or sitting in the sun”. The researchers said it was too early to advise people to spend more time in the sun, but suggested the basis of the current advice to cover up should be reviewed. “Perhaps, while we await the conclusions of such formal analyses, those of us who enjoy spending time in the sun can rest assured that the chance that we will be one of the people dying from the sun small.” they added. Their article was strongly criticized by health campaigners who claimed it was unbalanced and not backed by scientific evidence. Britain’s Health Education Authority said skin cancer was the most common form of cancer in the country, with more than 50, 000 new cases diagnosed each year and more than 2, 000 people dying from the disease. It said treatment almost always required surgery and almost 50 percent of cases were fatal. The authority’s skin cancer campaign manager Christopher New said, “We are very disappointed with this controversial article. It doesn’t have enough supporting evidence and runs the risk undoing many years of “good health education””. 1．What can we learn about the four researchers in the first paragraph? A．They were accused of warning people of the danger of too much sun. B．They agreed exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays accelerated people’s aging. C．They publicized the negative effect of the sun on the incidence of skin cancer. D．They believed being exposed to sunlight might be beneficial to people’s health. 2．What will the Bristol team support? A．Children should cover up in the sunlight. B．Sunshine helps to treat some skin conditions. C．Those enjoying the sun are free of skin cancer. D．People should currently spend more time in the sun. 3．What does the “good health education” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Warning people of the danger of too much sunlight. B．Informing people of the benefits of exposure to sunlight. C．Convincing people of the effect of sun on skin conditions. D．Reminding people of the good feeling of lying or sitting in the sun. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．More people are dying from skin cancer. B．Sunshine does more harm than good to skin. C．Sunshine can prevent heart disease in children. D．A study found sunshine has lots of benefits. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） Officials from Brazil’s Indigenous (原住民) protection agency approached the hut in the middle of the Amazon rainforest. They were witnessing the first recorded dying out of an uncontacted tribe in the country’s history. The man lying there, the last member of his tribe, had died and with him an entire culture and answers to a thousand questions. Even his name was a mystery. He was known only as “the Man of the Hole” because of the dozens of holes he had dug over the years in his territory. His age, too, could only be guessed at. He appeared to be about 60, officials said. It was a sad milestone for a country that in recent years has seen protections for Indigenous groups undermined by an administration that has prioritized (优先) development of the Amazon over conservation. In Rondonia, the only resident of the 8,000-hectare area lived in complete isolation for at least 26 years after the rest of his group was killed by ranchers (农场主) advancing the agricultural frontier. Brazil’s Indigenous protection agency, Funai, made direct contact with the last surviving man only in 1996. Marcelo dos Santos, an Indigenous expert, said he was found hiding in his hut. “We tried to establish a conversation and offered corn and arrows, but he was terrified and very aggressive (具有攻击性). From this moment on, we had to respect his isolation.” Even with protections in place, the territory suffered widespread deforestation up until about 13 years ago. Attacks on the last surviving man continued, as well, including one by armed gunmen in 2009, according to local news reports. “For me, he was somehow incredible: to be able to survive on his own, not speak to anybody and avoid all contact maybe out of grief or determination,” said Fionad Watson, a research director at Survival International, a London-based rights organization. 1．What did the death of “the Man of the Hole” suggest? A．An uncontacted tribe went extinct. B．An entire culture would be recorded. C．The secrets around him would be unearthed. D．The protection agency was unwilling to rescue him. 2．The underlined word “undermined” in para. 4 is closest in meaning to “________”. A．strengthened B．monitored C．sought D．weakened 3．What happened to “the Man of the Hole” in 1996? A．He made the protection agency’s approach a failure. B．He witnessed the most severe deforestation in history. C．He escaped being shot by a group of aggressive gunmen. D．He learned more survival skills with arrows offered by Funai. 4．What did Fiona Watson regard “the Man of the Hole” as? A．A mystery B．An evolution C．A wonder D．A fortune / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（新闻报道） 主题01 人与社会——社会问题与社会现象 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） Almost half of young people would rather live in a world where the internet does not exist, according to a new survey. The research reveals that nearly 70% of 16 to 21-year-olds feel worse about themselves after spending time on social media. Half would support a “digital curfew” that would restrict their access to certain apps and sites past 10 pm, while 46% said they would rather be young in a world without the internet altogether. The results came after the government weighed up the possibility of making cut-off times mandatory (强制的) for certain apps such as TikTok and Instagram. Rani Govender, the policy manager for child safety online at the NSPCC, said that digital curfews, while helpful, could not stop children being exposed to harmful materials online without other measures being put in place. “We need to make clear that a digital curfew alone is not going to protect children from the risks they face online. They will be able to see all these risks at other points of the day and they will still have the same impact,” she said. The study, conducted by the British Standards Institution, surveyed 1,293 young people and three-quarters said they had spent more time online as a result of the pandemic, while 68% said they felt the time they spent online was harmful to their mental health. Andy Burrows, chief executive of the suicide prevention charity the Molly Rose Foundation, said “it was clear that young people are aware of the risks online and want action from tech companies to protect them”. He added that algorithms (算法) can provide content that “can quickly spread and take young people down rabbit holes of harmful material through no fault of their own”. New laws were “urgently required to embed a safe approach to regulation that puts the needs of children and society ahead of those of big tech”, he said. 1．What does the phrase “digital curfew” in paragraph 2 probably refer to ? A．A complete ban on digital devices. B．Parental control over the use of software. C．Governmental monitoring of online activity. D．Restrictions on internet access during specific hours. 2．What does Rani Govender think of digital curfews? A．They are the most effective solution for online safety. B．They are strongly opposed by most technology companies. C．They need to be combined with other measures to be effective. D．They prevent children from accessing harmful content entirely. 3．What does Andy Burrows mean in paragraph four? A．To call for new laws to regulate big techs. B．To highlight young people’s concerns and demand. C．To point out tech companies’ responsibility for online safety. D．To criticize young people for spending too much time online. 4．What can be learned about algorithms in the last paragraph ? A．Algorithms effectively remove all harmful content. B．Algorithms make it easy to find desired content quickly. C．Algorithms primarily show content requested by the user. D．Algorithms can unintentionally lead users to harmful content. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一项新调查显示近一半的年轻人宁愿生活在一个没有互联网的世界里，并探讨了数字宵禁、网络安全以及算法对年轻人的影响等相关问题。 1．词句猜测题。根据下文“restrict their access to certain apps and sites past 10 pm(在晚上10点后限制他们访问某些应用程序和网站)”可知，一半的人支持“数字宵禁”，由此可知，digital curfew指的是在特定时间限制上网。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Rani Govender, the policy manager for child safety online at the NSPCC, said that digital curfews, while helpful, could not stop children being exposed to harmful materials online without other measures being put in place.(NSPCC的儿童在线安全政策经理Rani Govender表示，数字宵禁虽然有帮助，但如果不采取其他措施，就无法阻止儿童在网上接触到有害材料。)”可知，Rani Govender认为数字宵禁需要与其他措施相结合才能有效。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Andy Burrows, chief executive of the suicide prevention charity the Molly Rose Foundation, said “it was clear that young people are aware of the risks online and want action from tech companies to protect them”.(自杀预防慈善机构Molly Rose Foundation的首席执行官Andy Burrows表示：“很明显，年轻人意识到网络上的风险，并希望科技公司采取行动保护他们。”)”可知，Andy Burrows在第四段主要是强调年轻人的担忧和需求。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“He added that algorithms can provide content that “can quickly spread and take young people down rabbit holes of harmful material through no fault of their own.”(他补充说，算法提供的内容“可能会迅速传播，并在年轻人自身毫无过错的情况下，将他们带入有害内容的深渊”。)”可知，算法可能会无意中引导用户访问有害内容。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） Recently, Florida and California have both passed laws that limit the use of smartphones in public schools. This move is welcome as they reflect a growing awareness that it is unhealthy for young people to spend all day looking at phones. The laws limiting phone usage, however, tend to be broad, filled with exceptions. At the same time, private schools have pushed ahead with their own rules, which are typically more comprehensive (详尽的) than the well-meaning but ineffective laws made by state governments. Half-hearted laws, especially those that place the burden (负担) on teachers, are almost useless. The enforcement (执行) of these laws often leaves teachers in challenging positions. For example, a teacher told a case where a parent listened to a classroom discussion through their child’s phone and immediately emailed a complaint about the lesson. Young people respond best to rules that are simple, clear and easy to follow. Plus, teachers should not be expected to announce the rules before every class. Strict limitations set clear expectations for students and help them work together better without overburdening already busy teachers. The arguments against strict phone bans (禁令),on the other hand, are unpersuasive (没有说服力). Parents are concerned about locking up phones in case of an emergency, but classroom rules shouldn’t be designed around unlikely disasters. Students are also free to keep low-tech phones for emergency situations. A student from Oregon complained of having trouble finding friends in the lunchroom after her school banned phones. High schoolers who need to get in touch with mom and dad say they’re confused about the school’s old-fashioned rules. The passing of the laws is a hopeful sign that schools are finally waking up to the dangers of smartphone overuse. The perfect treatment, however, is sadly lacking. 1．How are the rules made by private schools different from government laws? A．They sound broader. B．They are ill-meaning. C．They are welcomed by students. D．They produce better results. 2．In paragraph 2, the author mentions the example to explain that ______. A．parents should stop complaining about children’s class B．governments should set clear and direct phone bans C．teachers should carry out strict enforcement of phone use D．students should work together without teachers’ help 3．In paragraph 3, parents are against banning phones because of their children’s ______. A．difficulty in acquiring low-tech phones B．trouble in making friends without phones C．need to use phones in emergency situations D．confusion about schools’ old-fashioned rules 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the laws limiting phone usage? A．Unclear. B．Objective. C．Confused. D．Supportive. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了佛罗里达州和加利福尼亚州最近都通过了限制在公立学校使用智能手机的法律。文章将法律与学校制定的规则进行了对比，列举了人们对此的不同看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The laws limiting phone usage, however, tend to be broad, filled with exceptions. At the same time, private schools have pushed ahead with their own rules, which are typically more comprehensive (详尽的) than the well-meaning but ineffective laws made by state governments.(然而，限制手机使用的法律往往很宽泛，充满了例外。与此同时，私立学校也在推行自己的规则，这些规则通常比州政府制定的善意但无效的法律更全面)”以及第二段“Young people respond best to rules that are simple, clear and easy to follow, Plus, teachers should not be expected to announce the rules before every class. Strict limitations set clear expectations for students and help them work together better without overburdening already busy teachers.(年轻人对简单、清晰、容易遵守的规则反应最好。另外，老师不应该在每次上课前都宣布规则。严格的限制为学生设定了明确的期望，帮助他们更好地合作，而不会给本已忙碌的教师带来过重的负担)”可知，私立学校制定的规则与政府法律的不同在于，私立学校制定的规则产生更好的结果。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Half-hearted laws, especially those that place the burden (负担) on teachers, are almost useless. The enforcement (执行) of these laws often leaves teachers in challenging positions. For example, a teacher told a case where a parent listened to a classroom discussion through their child’s phone and immediately emailed a complaint about the lesson.(半心半意的法律，尤其是那些把负担加在教师身上的法律，几乎是无用的。这些法律的执行往往使教师处于具有挑战性的职位。例如，一位老师讲述了一个案例，一位家长通过孩子的手机听了课堂讨论，并立即通过电子邮件投诉了这节课)”可知，作者提到了这个例子来解释政府应该设定明确和直接的电话禁令。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Parents are concerned about locking up phones in case of an emergency, but classroom rules shouldn’t be designed around unlikely disasters.(家长们担心在紧急情况下把手机锁起来，但课堂规则不应该围绕不太可能发生的灾难而设计)”可知，父母反对禁止使用手机，因为他们的孩子在紧急情况下需要使用手机。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The passing of the laws is a hopeful sign that schools are finally waking up to the dangers of smartphone overuse. The perfect treatment, however, is sadly lacking.(这些法律的通过是一个充满希望的迹象，表明学校终于意识到过度使用智能手机的危险。然而，令人遗憾的是，目前还缺乏完美的治疗方法)”可知，作者对限制手机使用的法律客观态度。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） China has set new rules limiting the amount of time children can spend playing online games. The rules limit children to just three hours of online game playing a week. That is one hour between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Friday, Saturday and Sunday most weeks. Li Zhanguo has two children aged 4 and 8. Even though they do not have smartphones, they enjoy playing online games. Like many other parents. Li is happy with new government rules. But experts say it is unclear if such policies can help prevent addiction to online games. Children might just get addicted to social media instead. In the end, experts say, parents should be the ones to set limits and support good practice. There has been a growing concern in China about gaming addiction among children. Government reports in 2018 found that about one in ten Chinese children were addicted to the Internet. The new rules are part of an effort to prevent young people from spending too much time on unhealthy entertainment. That includes what officials call the “irrational fan culture” Under the new rules, the responsibility for making sure children play only three hours a day falls largely on Chinese gaming companies like Net Ease and Ten cent. Companies have set up real-name registration systems to prevent young users from going past game time limits. They have used facial recognition technology to check their identities. And they have also set up a program that permits people to report what is against the law. It is unclear what punishments gaming companies may face if they do not carry out the policies. And even if such policies are performed, it is also unclear whether they can prevent online addiction. A specialist treating Internet addiction expects about 20 percent of children will find ways to break the rules by borrowing accounts of their older relatives and find a way around facial recognition. In his opinion, short-video alps such as Douyin and Kuaishou are also very popular in China. They are not under the same restrictions as games. 1．When can children play games according to the new rules? A．Between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. On Friday. B．Between 8 p. m. and 9 p.m. On Tuesday. C．Between 10 p.m. and 11 p.m. On Saturday. D．Between 10 p. m. and 11 p.m. On Thursday. 2．According to experts, _________ A．the new rules can stop children’s addiction to social media B．companies are more responsible for kids ‘ obeying the rules C．the new rules will help prevent children playing online games D．parents play a greater part in limiting the time of online games 3．What will children probably do to battle with the new rules? A．Design an advanced program. B．Use facial recognition systems. C．Set up real-name registration systems. D．Borrow accounts of their older relatives. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Rules Limiting Short-video apps B．Rules Limiting Video Game Time C．Rules Banning Irrational Fan Culture D．Rules Breaking Addiction to Social Media 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了中国出台新规，限制儿童玩网络游戏的时间，介绍了制定这一新规的原因以及限制孩子使用手机时长仍然面临的问题。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The rules limit children to just three hours of online game playing a week. That is one hour between 8 p. m. and 9 p. m. on Friday, Saturday and Sunday most weeks. (规则规定孩子们每周只能玩三个小时的网络游戏。即多数星期的周五、周六和周日晚上8点到9点之间的一个小时。)”可知，根据新规定，孩子们星期五晚上8点到9点之间可以玩游戏。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the end, experts say, parents should be the ones to set limits and support good practice. (最后，专家说，父母应该是设定限制和支持良好做法的人。)”可知，据专家介绍，父母在限制孩子玩网络游戏的时间上起着很大的作用。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A specialist treating Internet addiction expects about 20 percent of children will find ways to break the rules by borrowing accounts of their older relatives and find a way around facial recognition. (一位治疗网瘾的专家预计，大约20%的孩子会想办法通过借用年长亲戚的账户来打破规则，并找到绕过面部识别的方法。)”可知，孩子们可能会借他们年长亲戚的账户来对抗新规定。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“China has set new rules limiting the amount of time children can play online games. The rules limit children to just three hours of online game playing a week. That is one hour between 8 p. m. and 9 p. m. on Friday, Saturday and Sunday most weeks. (中国出台新规，限制儿童玩网络游戏的时间。规则规定孩子们每周只能玩三个小时的网络游戏。即多数星期的周五、周六和周日晚上8点到9点之间的一个小时。)”并结合文章主要说明了中国出台新规，限制儿童玩网络游戏的时间，介绍了制定这一新规的原因以及限制孩子使用手机时长仍然面临的问题可知，B选项“限制电子游戏时间的规定”最符合文章标题。故选B。 Passage 4 （23-24高一下·江苏泰州·期末） The total number of domestic (国内的) trips during the past May Day holiday was 274 million, up 70.83 percent than last year. and 119. 09 percent over the same period in 2019, generating 148.056 billion yuan ($21.44 billion) in tourism profits, up 128.90 percent than last year, and 100.66 percent over the same period in 2019. As the first May Day holiday after new pandemic (流行病) policies, it was expected that people’s long-controlled desire to travel would be satisfied, but no one expected it would do so to this extent. The outstanding tourism performance during this year’s May Day holiday mainly resulted from the improvement of public services. Actually, even before the holiday, many places were improving tourism facilities to meet the increased stream of visitors. Zibo in Shandong province, popular for its barbecue, for example, opened parking lots and toilets for the public for free. Only by improving public services can a region keep attracting tourists all the time. The explosive growth of tourism during the May Day holiday is a manifestation of China’s economic power, especially the power of the consumer market. It also shows the faster recovery of public confidence, which will not only stimulate the growth of service consumption, but also stimulate the expansion of demand in other industries, thus promoting the expansion of overall domestic demand and helping the economic recovery to speed up. As long as the country focuses on expanding domestic demand and does what it can do to realize the potential of domestic consumption, the continuous development of China’s economy is certain. 1．Why are the figures mentioned in the beginning? A．To show the recovery of Chinese tourism. B．To show the expectation of Chinese tourists. C．To show the development of Chinese economy. D．To show the improvement of our living standard. 2．What is the main reason behind the excellent tourism performance? A．Huge tourism profits. B．Better public services. C．Convenient holiday traffic. D．Delicious barbecue in Zibo. 3．What does the underlined word “manifestation” mean in Paragraph 3? A．display. B．scene. C．cause. D．balance. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of China’s economy? A．Unclear. B．Negative. C．Concerned. D．Positive. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是在过去的五一假期，国内旅行的总人数为2.74亿，比去年增长了70.83%。比2019年同期增长119.09%，创造了1480.56亿元的旅游利润，比去年增长128.90%，比2019年同期增长100.66%。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“The total number of domestic trips during the past May Day holiday was 274 million, up 70.83 percent than last year.   and 119.09 percent over the same period in 2019, generating 148.056 billion yuan ($21.44 billion) in tourism profits, up 128.90 percent than last year, and 100.66 percent over the same period in 2019.(在过去的五一假期，国内旅行的总人数为2.74亿，比去年增长了70.83%。比2019年同期增长119.09%，创造了1480.56亿元的旅游利润，比去年增长128.90%，比2019年同期增长100.66%。)”和第二段的“The outstanding tourism performance during this year’s May Day holiday mainly resulted from the improvement of public services.(今年“五一”期间旅游业的突出表现主要得益于公共服务的改善。)”可知，开篇提到了这些数字是为了展示中国旅游业的复苏。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The outstanding tourism performance during this year’s May Day holiday mainly resulted from the improvement of public services.(今年“五一”期间旅游业的突出表现主要得益于公共服务的改善。)”可知，旅游业表现优异的主要原因是更好的公共服务。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“China’s economic power, especially the power of the consumer market(中国的经济力量，尤其是消费市场的力量)”和“It also shows the faster recovery of public confidence, which will not only stimulate the growth of service consumption, but also stimulate the expansion of demand in other industries, thus promoting the expansion of overall domestic demand and helping the economic recovery to speed up.(这也表明公众信心的恢复速度加快，这不仅会刺激服务消费的增长，还会刺激其他行业需求的扩大，从而促进国内总需求的扩大，帮助经济复苏加快。)”可知，划线词所在句子表示““五一”期间旅游业的爆发式增长是中国经济实力，尤其是消费市场实力的体现”，划线词manifestation的意思是“体现，表现”，和display意思相近，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“As long as the country focuses on expanding domestic demand and does what it can do to realize the potential of domestic consumption, the continuous development of China’s economy is certain.(只要聚焦扩大内需，尽己所能挖掘国内消费潜力，中国经济的持续发展是必然的。)”可知，作者对中国经济的未来的态度是积极的，故选D。 主题02 人与社会——中国文化与节日 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·江苏常州·期末） Kunqu, which combines poetry, music, beautiful costumes and graceful performances, was listed as one of the masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage (非物质文化遗产) of humanity by UNESCO in 2001. But it is far from a heritage. In the busy streets of Kunshan, this ancient art form continues to find new life, balancing between keeping its timeless beauty and meeting the demands of modernity. For performers like You Tengteng, an actress at the Kunshan Contemporary Kunqu Theater, the act is both a challenge and a passion. After a long day of practice, You and her colleagues discuss their latest performance strategies not in a traditional theater but on Douyin, a Chinese video-sharing platform. In partnership with the platform, You and seven other performers livestream (网络直播) their shows for at least 20 hours each month. The goal is simple yet great: to reach a new generation of audiences who might hesitate to sit through a two or three-hour-long performance in an opera house (戏院). One of the challenges is translation — not from language to language but from centuries-old art to the screens of smartphones. To draw audiences in the digital age, the performers have condensed (压缩) the lengthy art form into acceptable one-hour pieces, inviting viewers to experience Kunqu in more relaxed settings, whether over tea at a cafe or within the walls of a museum. The strategy seems to be working, particularly among Chinese youth. After performances, it is common to see young fans eagerly lining up for selfies and autographs (签名) with the performers. Their newfound love for this ancient art is a piece of evidence to its continuous development. You Tengteng’s influence goes beyond the stage. Over the last few years, the Kunshan Kunqu theater has held more than 2, 500 performances and tours, drawing over 20 million attendees from China and abroad. In addition, the local government has spent 177 million yuan ($25. 05 million) to support new productions and performances. 1．Why did You Tengteng livestream Kunqu on Douyin? A．To help promote Douyin platform. B．To attract more fans to make money. C．To popularize Kunqu among young people. D．To encourage people to practise Kunqu 2．What is the main challenge You Tengteng faces? A．Showing the timeless beauty of Kunqu. B．Translating the art to different languages. C．Raising enough money for new productions. D．Adapting Kunqu to the demands of digital time. 3．Which or the following can best describe You Tengteng according to this article? A．Romantic. B．Responsible. C．Humorous. D．Traditional. 4．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A．Effect of You Tengteng and her colleagues’ practice. B．You Tengteng’s personal influence. C．The reason why You Tengteng succeeded. D．The situation of Kunshan Kunqu theater. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了昆曲演员由腾腾网络直播昆曲的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段的“The goal is simple yet great: to reach a new generation of audiences who might hesitate to sit through a two or three-hour-long performance in an opera house.(目标简单而伟大：吸引新一代观众，他们可能会犹豫是否在歌剧院里坐上两三个小时看演出)”可知，由腾腾在抖音上直播昆曲是为了在年轻人中普及昆曲。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“One of the challenges is translation — not from language to language but from centuries-old art to the screens of smartphones.(其中一个挑战在于翻译——不是从一种语言到另一种语言的翻译，而是将数百年的古老艺术呈现到智能手机的屏幕上）”以及第六段“To draw audiences in the digital age, the performers have condensed (压缩) the lengthy art form into acceptable one-hour pieces, inviting viewers to experience Kunqu in more relaxed settings, whether over tea at a cafe or within the walls of a museum.(为了吸引数字时代的观众，表演者们将这种冗长的艺术形式压缩成了易于接受的一小时节目，邀请观众在更轻松的环境中体验昆曲，无论是在咖啡馆里品茶时，还是在博物馆的墙内)”可知，由腾腾面临的主要挑战是将昆曲适应数字时代的需求。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“For performers like You Tengteng, an actress at the Kunshan Contemporary Kunqu Theater, the act is both a challenge and a passion. After a long day of practice, You and her colleagues discuss their latest performance strategies not in a traditional theater but on Douyin, a Chinese video-sharing platform.(对于像由腾腾这样的昆山当代昆剧院演员来说，表演既是一种挑战，也是一种热爱。经过一天的长时间练习后，由腾腾和她的同事们不是在传统剧院里，而是在中国的视频分享平台抖音上讨论他们最新的表演策略)”以及后面她为了推广昆曲所做的努力，如在抖音直播、压缩表演时长等可推断出，由腾腾是一个有责任感的人，她致力于推广昆曲这一古老艺术形式。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段的“After performances, it is common to see young fans eagerly lining up for selfies and autographs (签名) with the performers. Their newfound love for this ancient art is a piece of evidence to its continuous development.(演出结束后，经常可以看到年轻粉丝们迫不及待地排队与演员们合影留念和索要签名。他们对这一古老艺术的新发现之爱，是其不断发展的有力证明)”以及最后一段的“You Tengteng’s influence goes beyond the stage. (由腾腾的影响力超越了舞台)”可知，最后两段主要讲述了由腾腾和她的同事们的努力所取得的效果，包括年轻观众的喜爱、昆山昆曲剧院的演出和巡演数量以及当地政府的支持等。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24高一下·江苏常州·期末） Li Dan works as a teacher at East China Jiaotong University in Jiangxi Province. During her spare time, she recreates ancient Chinese delicacies that have been all but lost to history. Li began working on the project in August 2020, and so far the many traditional dishes she has created include more than 60 from Dream of the Red Mansions, one of China’s four greatest classic novels. To recreate the dishes, she has had to refer to books on traditional recipes, agriculture and even traditional Chinese medicine to learn and adopt traditional techniques. “I’ve liked the novel since I was a kid because I was always impressed by the food described in it. Its illustration of the dishes vividly shows the elegance of life in that era, so I have been trying to revive them,” said Li. “I make these delicacies in the hope that more people will read the novel.” Li says that one of the biggest challenges is recreating dishes that require highly seasonal ingredients. If all of her trial dishes fail during the short season, she needs to wait one year to try again. The most difficult dishes she has ever attempted are chicken skin soup with pickled bamboo shoots, and dried eggplant. It took her more than two weeks to finish each of the dishes. “Clothing and buildings can all be well looked after, whereas food can seldom be conserved in museums. For food, modern people have only ancient accounts to refer to,” she said. Food is one of many highlights in traditional Chinese culture. As Chinese culture is increasingly accepted by the younger generations, many online influencers like Li also have posted videos of themselves recreating ancient Chinese food. Professional chefs have also been bringing cuisines recorded in ancient books back to life, carrying forward traditional techniques. Through their efforts, the culture and folk customs behind the plate are also being brought back. 1．Why did Li recreate the dishes from Dream of the Red Mansions? A．To gain more followers online. B．To attract more people to the book. C．To carry forward traditional techniques. D．To make the dish-making process simple. 2．What brings Li challenges when she recreates traditional dishes? A．Her lack of experience in cooking. B．Her busy teaching job at university. C．The high costs of some ingredients. D．The short supply time of some ingredients. 3．What do we know about the dishes recreated by Li? A．They can be kept in museums. B．There are videos about them online. C．Professional chefs speak highly of them. D．They are from China’s four classic novels. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．New life of traditional Chinese dishes B．A hobby turned into a second career C．Media influence on traditional Chinese culture D．Traditional Chinese food shines on the world stage 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一名大学老师李丹在闲暇之余，重新制作那些几乎已经失传的中国古代美食，到目前为止，她创造的传统菜肴包括 60 多种来自中国四大古典小说之一《红楼梦》的菜肴，这给中国传统美食带来了新的生机。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段““Ive liked the novel since I was a kid because I was always impressed by the food described in it. Its illustration of the dishes vividly shows the elegance of life in that era, so I have been trying to revive them,” said Li. “I make these delicacies in the hope that more people will read the novel.”(‘我从小就喜欢这本小说，因为书中描述的食物总是给我留下深刻印象。书中对菜肴的描绘生动地展现了那个时代生活的优雅，所以我一直在努力重现它们，’李说。‘我做这些美食是希望更多的人能读到这本小说。’)”可知，李重现《红楼梦》里的菜肴是为了吸引更多人关注这本书。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Li says that one of the biggest challenges is recreating dishes that require highly seasonal ingredients. If all of her trial dishes fail during the short season, she needs to wait one year to try again. (李说，最大的挑战之一是重新制作需要季节性食材的菜肴。如果她所有的试验菜肴在短暂的季节里都失败了，她就需要等一年才能再次尝试。)”可知，李在重现传统菜肴时面临的挑战事有些食材供应时间短。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“As Chinese culture is increasingly accepted by the younger generations, many online influencers like Li also have posted videos of themselves recreating ancient Chinese food. (随着中华文化越来越被年轻一代所接受，许多像李这样的网络红人也发布了自己重现古代中国美食的视频。)”可知，网上有关于李重现这些食物的视频。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Li Dan works as a teacher at East China Jiaotong University in Jiangxi Province. During her spare time, she recreates ancient Chinese delicacies that have been all but lost to history.(李丹是江西华东交通大学的一名教师。闲暇之余，她会重新制作那些几乎已经失传的中国古代美食。)”和第二段中“ Li began working on the project in August 2020, and so far the many traditional dishes she has created include more than 60 from Dream of the Red Mansions, one of China’s four greatest classic novels.(李于 2020 年 8 月开始从事该项目，到目前为止，她创造的传统菜肴包括 60 多种来自中国四大古典小说之一《红楼梦》的菜肴。)”以及最后一段中“Through their efforts, the culture and folk customs behind the plate are also being brought back.(通过他们的努力，盘子背后的文化和民俗也正在被带回来。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一名大学老师李丹在闲暇之余，重新制作那些几乎已经失传的中国古代美食，到目前为止，她创造的传统菜肴包括 60 多种来自中国四大古典小说之一《红楼梦》的菜肴，这给中国传统美食带来了新的生机，A项“传统中餐的新生命”适合作文章标题，故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·江苏常州·期末） Li Dan works as a teacher at East China Jiaotong University in Jiangxi Province. During her spare time, she recreates ancient Chinese delicacies that have been all but lost to history. Li began working on the project in August 2020, and so far the many traditional dishes she has created include more than 60 from Dream of the Red Mansions, one of China’s four greatest classic novels. To recreate the dishes, she has had to refer to books on traditional recipes, agriculture and even traditional Chinese medicine to learn and adopt traditional techniques. “I’ve liked the novel since I was a kid because I was always impressed by the food described in it. Its illustration of the dishes vividly shows the elegance of life in that era, so I have been trying to revive them,” said Li. “I make these delicacies in the hope that more people will read the novel.” Li says that one of the biggest challenges is recreating dishes that require highly seasonal ingredients. If all of her trial dishes fail during the short season, she needs to wait one year to try again. The most difficult dishes she has ever attempted are chicken skin soup with pickled bamboo shoots, and dried eggplant. It took her more than two weeks to finish each of the dishes. “Clothing and buildings can all be well looked after, whereas food can seldom be conserved in museums. For food, modern people have only ancient accounts to refer to,” she said. Food is one of many highlights in traditional Chinese culture. As Chinese culture is increasingly accepted by the younger generations, many online influencers like Li also have posted videos of themselves recreating ancient Chinese food. Professional chefs have also been bringing cuisines recorded in ancient books back to life, carrying forward traditional techniques. Through their efforts, the culture and folk customs behind the plate are also being brought back. 1．Why did Li recreate the dishes from Dream of the Red Mansions? A．To gain more followers online. B．To attract more people to the book. C．To carry forward traditional techniques. D．To make the dish-making process simple. 2．What brings Li challenges when she recreates traditional dishes? A．Her lack of experience in cooking. B．Her busy teaching job at university. C．The high costs of some ingredients. D．The short supply time of some ingredients. 3．What do we know about the dishes recreated by Li? A．They can be kept in museums. B．There are videos about them online. C．Professional chefs speak highly of them. D．They are from China’s four classic novels. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．New life of traditional Chinese dishes B．A hobby turned into a second career C．Media influence on traditional Chinese culture D．Traditional Chinese food shines on the world stage 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一名大学老师李丹在闲暇之余，重新制作那些几乎已经失传的中国古代美食，到目前为止，她创造的传统菜肴包括 60 多种来自中国四大古典小说之一《红楼梦》的菜肴，这给中国传统美食带来了新的生机。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段““Ive liked the novel since I was a kid because I was always impressed by the food described in it. Its illustration of the dishes vividly shows the elegance of life in that era, so I have been trying to revive them,” said Li. “I make these delicacies in the hope that more people will read the novel.”(‘我从小就喜欢这本小说，因为书中描述的食物总是给我留下深刻印象。书中对菜肴的描绘生动地展现了那个时代生活的优雅，所以我一直在努力重现它们，’李说。‘我做这些美食是希望更多的人能读到这本小说。’)”可知，李重现《红楼梦》里的菜肴是为了吸引更多人关注这本书。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Li says that one of the biggest challenges is recreating dishes that require highly seasonal ingredients. If all of her trial dishes fail during the short season, she needs to wait one year to try again. (李说，最大的挑战之一是重新制作需要季节性食材的菜肴。如果她所有的试验菜肴在短暂的季节里都失败了，她就需要等一年才能再次尝试。)”可知，李在重现传统菜肴时面临的挑战事有些食材供应时间短。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“As Chinese culture is increasingly accepted by the younger generations, many online influencers like Li also have posted videos of themselves recreating ancient Chinese food. (随着中华文化越来越被年轻一代所接受，许多像李这样的网络红人也发布了自己重现古代中国美食的视频。)”可知，网上有关于李重现这些食物的视频。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Li Dan works as a teacher at East China Jiaotong University in Jiangxi Province. During her spare time, she recreates ancient Chinese delicacies that have been all but lost to history.(李丹是江西华东交通大学的一名教师。闲暇之余，她会重新制作那些几乎已经失传的中国古代美食。)”和第二段中“ Li began working on the project in August 2020, and so far the many traditional dishes she has created include more than 60 from Dream of the Red Mansions, one of China’s four greatest classic novels.(李于 2020 年 8 月开始从事该项目，到目前为止，她创造的传统菜肴包括 60 多种来自中国四大古典小说之一《红楼梦》的菜肴。)”以及最后一段中“Through their efforts, the culture and folk customs behind the plate are also being brought back.(通过他们的努力，盘子背后的文化和民俗也正在被带回来。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一名大学老师李丹在闲暇之余，重新制作那些几乎已经失传的中国古代美食，到目前为止，她创造的传统菜肴包括 60 多种来自中国四大古典小说之一《红楼梦》的菜肴，这给中国传统美食带来了新的生机，A项“传统中餐的新生命”适合作文章标题，故选A。 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·江苏宿迁·期末） “Our history and culture is very important to understanding the present moment and where we’re heading in the future.” said Apple CEO Tim Cook on Monday. Cook highlighted technology’s role in expanding the audience for traditional culture after watching a Kunqu Opera performance, saying, “What technology does and what our products do is help expand the audience for traditional culture.” The event featured a performance of a classic excerpt (节选) from the 400-year-old Peony Pavilion by the Northern Kunqu Opera Theatre. Model-actress and director Chang Chunxiao presented her iPhone-shot short documentary, The People in the Time Tunnel, which reveals behind-the-scenes stories of the theater’s new interpretation of the opera. Cook remarked on the power of video to share such cultural experiences globally: “Only a few of us could fit in the theater and enjoy it, but with the video we’re able to capture that for the world. It enables us to connect with our history in a much deeper way and with many more people.” Cook expressed his personal admiration for Chinese calligraphy, calling it “one of the most beautiful art forms in the world,” and stressed the importance of its preservation. He underlined the broader significance of safeguarding history and culture in a nation with 5,000 years of heritage, noting that “There’s so much in the past that can be learned from and used to make our lives better in the present moment.” Addressing the current trend of artificial intelligence, Cook expressed his view on technology’s purpose: enriching lives, enhancing productivity, and boosting creativity. He firmly asserted technology’s supplementary role: “But it does not and it should not replace human being. It’s a complement rather than a replacement.” 1．What is the main function of Cook’s words in Paragraph 1? A．Highlight commercial gains. B．Provide false statistics. C．Contrast tradition with innovation. D．Present Cook’s major argument. 2．What key role does Cook see for video technology? A．Enhancing theatrical performances. B．Globalizing cultural experiences. C．Replacing physical attendance. D．Simplifying artistic creation. 3．What is implied by Cook’s reference to China’s 5,000-year heritage? A．Technology must reproduce historical models to ensure progress. B．Modern societies neglect ancestral wisdom in solving current issues. C．Historical heritage provides applicable insights for present improvement. D．Cultural preservation holds back technological advancement. 4．What is Cook’s core belief regarding artificial intelligence? A．Human creativity becoming outdated. B．Enhancing, not replacing humanity. C．Automating tasks for efficiency. D．Ethics blocking AI contributions. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 1．推理判断题。根据第一段““Our history and culture is very important to understanding the present moment and where we’re heading in the future.” said Apple CEO Tim Cook on Monday. Cook highlighted technology’s role in expanding the audience for traditional culture after watching a Kunqu Opera performance, saying, “What technology does and what our products do is help expand the audience for traditional culture.” (“我们的历史和文化对于理解当下以及我们未来的方向非常重要。”苹果首席执行官蒂姆·库克周一表示。库克在观看了一场昆曲表演后，强调了科技在扩大传统文化受众方面的作用，他说：“科技和我们的产品所做的，就是帮助扩大传统文化的受众。”)”可知，库克在第一段主要强调了历史和文化的重要性，以及科技在扩大传统文化受众方面的作用，这是他的主要论点。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“ Cook remarked on the power of video to share such cultural experiences globally: “Only a few of us could fit in the theater and enjoy it, but with the video we’re able to capture that for the world. It enables us to connect with our history in a much deeper way and with many more people.” (库克谈到了视频在全球范围内分享这种文化体验的力量：“我们中只有少数人能挤进剧院欣赏，但有了视频，我们就能为全世界捕捉到这一刻。它使我们能够以更深入的方式与历史联系，并与更多的人建立联系。”)”可知，库克认为视频技术可以让更多的人在全球范围内分享这种文化体验，即视频技术可以让文化体验全球化。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“He underlined the broader significance of safeguarding history and culture in a nation with 5,000 years of heritage, noting that “There’s so much in the past that can be learned from and used to make our lives better in the present moment.” (他强调了在一个拥有5000年历史遗产的国家中保护历史和文化的更广泛意义，指出“过去有很多东西可以学习并用来改善我们当下的生活。”)”可知，库克提到中国5000年的历史遗产，是为了强调历史遗产对于当下生活的改善有可借鉴之处。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Addressing the current trend of artificial intelligence, Cook expressed his view on technology’s purpose: enriching lives, enhancing productivity, and boosting creativity. He firmly asserted technology’s supplementary role: “But it does not and it should not replace human being. It’s a complement rather than a replacement.” (针对当前人工智能的发展趋势，库克表达了他对科技目的的看法：丰富生活、提高生产力和激发创造力。他坚定地强调了科技的辅助作用：“但它没有，也不应该取代人类。它是一种补充，而不是替代。”)”可知，库克认为人工智能的目的是丰富生活、提高生产力和激发创造力，它是一种补充，而不是替代人类，即增强而不是取代人类。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏南通·期末） On an early winter morning, a small group of students and tourists were taking pictures of the horses with their phones. These horses, known locally as takhi and globally as Przewalski’s horse, are unique. They are the only type that has never been trained and they are the fruits of one of the most successful ever wildlife reintroduction plans of Hustai National Park. “Horses are key to our culture. Everyone is glad to have them back,” says Dashpurev with a smile, who is in charge of Hustai National Park. Once hunted to extinction in the wild in the 1960s, Przewalski’s horses now number nearly 1,000, at three sites across Mongolia, as well as in China and Kazakhstan. The largest population — numbering 423 — is in central Mongolia’s Hustai National Park. These horses are descendants (后代) of 84 animals that were airlifted from European zoos in the 1990s. “Before the reintroduction, no one believed we could save this species,” recalls Dashpurev. Now, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has downgraded Przewalski’s horse from “critically endangered” to “endangered”, marking a significant milestone in their recovery. However, despite this success story, Mongolia faces numerous challenges in protecting its other species. Besides hunting, the climate emergency is putting more pressure. Temperatures are rising three times faster than the global average, bringing more extreme weather events that wipe out large numbers of animals. Faced with this crisis, the government has taken actions to protect wild areas. In 1998, Mongolia promised to protect 30% of its territory by 2030 — a goal adopted by 100 other countries in 2021. So far it is on 21%. Last year, the president launched a drive to plant 1 billion trees by 2030 and tough fines have had success in stopping illegal hunting. Yet these efforts are hamstrung (妨碍) by a lack of funding. “The government wants to grow the economy. That’s the key thing for them, so they are putting a lot of effort into agriculture and mining,” says Buuveibaatar, a scientist at the Wildlife Conservation Society, “Wildlife is ignored. As a result, some of its conservation areas are paper parks. The Przewalski’s horse reintroduction plan is an example of how to save wildlife. Now, the challenge lies in introducing this success to the rest of the country’s other wildlife.” 1．Why are these horses unique according to the passage? A．They are airlifted from European zoos. B．They are successfully introduced species. C．They are the only true wild horse species. D．They can only be photographed in Mongolia. 2．What was the public’s attitude towards saving these horses before the reintroduction? A．Relieved. B．Supportive. C．Uninterested. D．Doubtful. 3．Why is the climate emergency mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．To introduce the reasons for wildlife extinction. B．To explain its influence on wildlife in Mongolia. C．To stress the challenges facing wildlife protection. D．To express the author’s feelings about the extinction. 4．What does Buuveibaatar imply in the last paragraph? A．Hustai National Park provides a positive model. B．The government’s focus should be the economy. C．Other countries can help by following the footsteps. D．The Przewalski’s horse is the only one worth saving. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蒙古国普氏野马(又称“takhi”)的保护和重引入计划，以及蒙古国在保护野生动物方面所面临的挑战和所采取的措施。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“These horses, known locally as takhi and globally as Przewalski’s horse, are unique. They are the only type that has never been trained (这些马，在当地被称为takhi，在全球被称为普氏野马，是独一无二的。它们是唯一没有受过训练的物种)”可知，这些马独一无二是因为它们是是唯一没有受过训练的物种，是真正的野马种类。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中““Before the reintroduction, no one believed we could save this species,” recalls Dashpurev.(“在重新引入之前，没有人相信我们可以拯救这个物种，”Dashpurev回忆道)”可知，在重新引入这些马之前，公众对此持怀疑态度。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中心句“However, despite this success story, Mongolia faces numerous challenges in protecting its other species.(然而，尽管有这样的成功故事，蒙古在保护其他物种方面面临着许多挑战)”和“Temperatures are rising three times faster than the global average, bringing more extreme weather events that wipe out large numbers of animals.(气温上升速度是全球平均水平的三倍，带来了更多的极端天气事件，导致大量动物死亡)”可推知，第四段中提及气候紧急情况旨在说明蒙古野生动物保护努力面临的其它挑战。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““The government wants to grow the economy. That’s the key thing for them, so they are putting a lot of effort into agriculture and mining,” says Buuveibaatar, a scientist at the Wildlife Conservation Society, “Wildlife is ignored. As a result, some of its conservation areas are paper parks. The Przewalski’s horse reintroduction plan is an example of how to save wildlife. Now, the challenge lies in introducing this success to the rest of the country’s other wildlife.”(野生动物保护协会的科学家Buuveibaatar说：“政府希望发展经济。这对他们来说是关键，所以他们在农业和采矿方面投入了大量精力。野生生物被忽视了。因此，一些保护区只是纸上谈兵。普氏野马重引入计划是拯救野生生物的典范。现在，挑战在于将这种成功模式引入该国其他野生生物的保护中。”)”可知，Buuveibaatar认为普氏野马重引入计划是拯救野生生物的典范，这种成功模式应引入该国其他野生生物的保护中。说明Buuveibaatar认为呼斯坦诺鲁国家公园对普氏野马的保护树立了一个积极的榜样。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） ）A fisherman in northern Cambodia hooked what researchers say is the world’s largest freshwater fish — a giant stingray (黄貂鱼) that scientists know relatively little about. The fisherman, 42, caught the 300-kilogram fish, which measured about four meters in length, near a remote island on the Mekong River in the Stung Treng area. A team of scientists from the Wonders of Mekong research project helped tag (给…装标签), measure and weigh the fish before it was released back into the river. The research group believes it was healthy when released and expects it to survive. The tag—which emits an acoustic (声音的) signal — will allow researchers to track the fish’s movements and they hope, learn more about its species’ behavior in the Mekong. The catch “highlights how little we know about a lot of these giant freshwater fish,” said Zeb Hogan, a fish biologist at the University of Nevada. “You have a fish that’s now the record holder for the world’s largest freshwater fish, and we know little about it.” The fisherman, Moul Thun, caught the giant stingray with a hook and line on the evening of June 13, and then contacted researchers the next morning. Researchers with the Wonders of Mekong were already in northern Cambodia to install underwater receivers as part of a project to track migratory fish in the river. “It’s a particularly healthy stretch of the river with a lot of deep pools — pools up to 90 meters deep,” said Hogan, who is also the host of National Geographic’s “Monster Fish” television series. “We started focusing on this area as a stretch of river that’s particularly important for biodiversity and fisheries, and as a last refuge (避难所) for these big species.” For several months, the research group has been in contact with local fishermen, asking them to get in touch if they landed a significant catch. The group has helped with two other large giant freshwater stingray releases in recent months. The fisherman who caught the record fish was paid market price for his catch. “It works because the fish is not a highly prized food fish,” Hogan said. Hogan said little is known about the giant freshwater stingray. The creature has a mouth about “the size of a banana” with no teeth, but with “gripping pads” used to crush (压碎) prey. “They’re on the bottom finding shrimps, mollusks and small fish. They can suck them up with this banana-shaped mouth and crush them,” he said. 1．What did the scientists use the tag to do? A．To enable the freshwater fish to survive. B．To record the sound of the freshwater fish. C．To be informed of the freshwater fish’s health. D．To help them know more about the freshwater fish. 2．What is Zeb Hogan’s tone in paragraph 4? A．Optimistic. B．Regretful. C．Indifferent. D．Proud. 3．What does Hogan say about the deep pools? A．Their depth can hardly be measured. B．They are too deep to explore in detail. C．There is a special TV show about them. D．They are likely home to big species. 4．What do researchers expect fishermen to do? A．To discover highly prized food fish. B．To sell their big catch at a lower price. C．To report their unusual catch in time. D．To show respect for the significant catch. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了泽布·霍根的团队在湄公河上追踪和记录大型鱼类——黄貂鱼，并要求渔民释放他们捕获的大型鱼类的事情。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“The tag—which emits an acoustic (声音的) signal — will allow researchers to track the fish’s movements and they hope, learn more about its species’ behavior in the Mekong.”（这个发出声学信号的标签将使研究人员能够追踪这种鱼的运动，他们希望能更多地了解其物种在湄公河的行为）可知，科学家们用标签是为了帮助他们更多地了解淡水鱼。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“The catch “highlights how little we know about a lot of these giant freshwater fish,” said Zeb Hogan, a fish biologist at the University of Nevada. “You have a fish that’s now the record holder for the world’s largest freshwater fish, and we know little about it.””（内华达大学的鱼类生物学家泽布·霍根说，这次捕获“突显了我们对这些巨型淡水鱼知之甚少”。“你有一条鱼现在是世界上最大淡水鱼的记录保持者，而我们对此知之甚少。”）可知，生物学家泽布·霍根认为他们对巨型淡水鱼知之甚少，说明他的态度是遗憾的。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第七段““We started focusing on this area as a stretch of river that’s particularly important for biodiversity and fisheries, and as a last refuge (避难所) for these big species.””（“我们开始将重点放在这一地区，将其作为一段对生物多样性和渔业特别重要的河流，以及这些大型物种的最后避难所。”）可知，霍根认为深水池可能是大型物种的家园。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据第八段“For several months, the research group has been in contact with local fishermen, asking them to get in touch if they landed a significant catch.”（几个月来，该研究小组一直与当地渔民保持联系，要求他们在捕捞到大量渔获时与他们取得联系）可知，研究者希望渔民及时报告他们的异常捕获。故选C项。 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·江苏无锡·期末） China’s online population crosses 1 billion as of June, up 21.75 million compared with that in December, a report from the China Internet Network Information Centre said on Friday. Of the total, nearly half of the netizens use the Internet to order food, a significant increase, according to the report. It said the instant delivery business, especially for fresh food and medicine, had developed rapidly since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The report said this fast growth has benefited people and stabilized the economy together with regular food and drinks takeout. In the report, the proportion of Internet users aged 50 and above accounted for 28 percent as of June, up 5. 2 percentage points from June 2020. Considering the number of elderly netizens is rising, the State Council, China’s Cabinet, and relevant government departments, released guidelines to provide them easier access to Internet, it said. For example, in a guideline issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology last year,115 websites and 43 smartphone applications were required to be optimized (优化) to solve difficulties of the elderly and the disabled in the face of smart technologies, it said. Internet enterprises were also asked to provide easier online services for COVID-19 control for elderly people, and increase barrier-free functions for the disabled in maps, news and other apps, it said, adding the aim was to ensure the scientific and technological innovation could be shared by all. 1．What delivery service developed quickly under the COVID-19 pandemic? A．Drinks takeout. B．Medicine. C．Regular food. D．Smartphones. 2．What does the underlined word “proportion” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Relationship. B．Measurement. C．Percentage. D．Coverage. 3．What did Internet companies do for elderly people? A．They offered them smartphones to connect when necessary. B．They increased barrier-free functions in some news apps. C．They provided easier online services for COVID-19 control. D．They downloaded 43 smartphone applications free of charge. 4．Why were Internet enterprises also asked to provide easier online services? A．To respond to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. B．To promote our scientific and technological innovation among the old. C．To serve China’s increasing online disabled population properly. D．To guarantee technological innovation could benefit all the people. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。该报道介绍了疫情期间，国家互联网相关部门以及企业为广大网民尤其是老年人网民提供了便利的服务。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It said the instant delivery business, especially for fresh food and medicine, had developed rapidly since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. (该公司表示，自新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，速递业务，特别是生鲜食品和药品的速递业务发展迅速。)”可知，新冠疫情期间，药品的速递业务发展迅速。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的句子“accounted for 28 per cent as of June, up 5. 2 percentage points from June 2020 (截至6月，占28%，增长5%。从2020年1月起下降2个百分点)”可知，在报告中，截至6月份，50岁及以上的互联网用户比例占28%，增长了5%。从2020年6月起下调2个百分点。划线词与后文的percentage为同义词，表示的是“50岁及以上的互联网用户比例占28%”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Internet enterprises were also asked to provide easier online services for COVID-19 control for elderly people ( 互联网企业还被要求为老年人提供更便捷的在线防控服务。)”可知，在疫情期间，互联网企业为老年人提供网络防控服务，让网络更加便捷。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“other apps, it said, adding the aim was to ensure the scientific and technological innovation could be shared by all.(它说，其他应用程序，并补充说，目的是确保所有人都能分享科技创新。)”可知，为确保技术创新惠及全体人民，互联网企业也被要求提供更便捷的网上服务。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏南通·期末） Neuralink has conducted its first surgical test of a brain chip implant (芯片植入), announcing a new step of Elon Musk’s ambitious plan to let humans wirelessly (无线) connect their brains with phones and other devices. Months before, for its clinical trial, Neuralink called for volunteers aged 22 and above with quadriplegia (四肢瘫痪) due to a brain injury or ALS, a disease that prevents people from controlling their bodies. This clinical trial is called PRIME — for Precise Robotically Implanted Brain-Computer Interface. As the name implies, the process involves using a robot to surgically put the wires of the company’s implant into a part of the brain related to movement. The implant procedure employs custom-made microscopic needles. The tip is only 10 to 12 microns in width — slightly larger than the diameter of a red blood cell, which allows threads to be put in with minimal damage to the brain. Neuralink has previously faced different opinions due to accusations (指控) in 2022 and 2023 against the effect the company’s practices produced on monkeys and other animals used in testing. “No monkey has died as a result of a Neuralink implant,” Musk said in response last September, “to reduce risk to healthy monkeys, we chose terminal monkeys.” Research in computers and neurology (神经学) has been going for decades, including the fast growing field of decoding (解码) the brain’s electrical activity around words,  impulses and images. Much of the ongoing research has sought to bring people affected by paralysis and blindness new ways of interacting with the world. But implants have also long been seen as having the potential to “enhance” people who aren’t affected by such serious conditions. “Imagine the joy of connecting with your loved ones, surfing the Internet or even playing games using only your thoughts,” Neuralink said. 1．Through brain chip implant test, Neuralink aims ____________. A．to reduce people’s control over the outside world B．to call for more people to volunteer in the research C．to cure people of diseases such as quadriplegia and ALS D．to enable people to use modern devices with their minds 2．What does the underlined word “terminal” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Full of energy. B．Close to death. C．Willing to be volunteers. D．Unlikely to be sick. 3．What can be concluded about the Neuralink implant? A．It has been going on for decades. B．It can also benefit healthy people. C．It can make your loved ones happier. D．It is conducted widely across the world. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Neuralink Put Implant into a Human Brain B．Neuralink Researched in Computer Technology C．Neuralink Helped to Connect Your Beloved Ones D．Neuralink Treated Rare Diseases Just with Needles 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了Elon Musk的公司Neuralink进行了首次脑芯片植入手术测试，这是他让人类能够无线连接他们的大脑与手机和其他设备的雄心壮志计划的新步骤。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Neuralink has conducted its first surgical test of a brain chip implant(芯片植入), announcing a new step of Elon Musk’s ambitious plan to let humans wirelessly(无线)connect their brains with phones and other devices.”（Neuralink进行了首次脑芯片植入手术测试，这是Elon Musk让人类能够无线连接他们的大脑与手机和其他设备的雄心壮志计划的新步骤。）可知，Neuralink的目标是让人们能够用思维使用现代设备，故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“to reduce risk to healthy monkeys,”（为了减少对健康猴子的风险）可知，为了减少对健康猴子的风险，我们选择了临终的猴子。这里的“terminal”应该是指“临终的”，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Imagine the joy of connecting with your loved ones, surfing the Internet or even playing games using only your thoughts,” Neuralink said.（“想象一下，只用你的思维就能与你的亲人联系，上网或者玩游戏，”Neuralink说。）可知，Neuralink的植入物也可以让健康的人受益，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第三段“This clinical trial is called PRIME—for Precise Robotically Implanted Brain-Computer Interface. As the name implies, the process involves using a robot to surgically put the wires of the company’s implant into a part of the brain related to movement. ”（这项临床试验被称为PRIME——精确机器人植入脑机接口。顾名思义，这个过程包括使用机器人将该公司植入物的导线像手术一样植入大脑中与运动相关的部分。）可知，主要讲述了Elon Musk的公司Neuralink进行了首次脑芯片植入手术测试，这是他让人类能够无线连接他们的大脑与手机和其他设备的雄心壮志计划的新步骤。所以短文的标题为“Neuralink植入芯片于人脑”。故选A项。 主题02 人与社会——医疗 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·江苏连云港·期末） In 2024, Chinese doctor Wang Zhenyi, turning 100, was given the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest honor, for his battle against leukemia (白血病). Over decades, he transformed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a deadly disease, into one that can be cured. In the mid-20th century, he saw about 60 APL patients die in a single year, which strengthened his determination to defeat leukemia. “As a doctor, it pains me most to see a patient suffering when there is nothing I can do,” he said. Wang spent nearly all his free time in libraries and labs, doing research. After years of tireless work, an element called all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) came into the picture as a hopeful cure for APL. In 1986, a five-year-old girl who was found to have APL was expected to die quickly. Wang used ATRA on her. Seven days later, her symptoms improved significantly; a month later, she fully recovered. That year, 24 APL patients were treated, and 23 of them got better without needing chemotherapy (化疗). However, some patients later got sick again. To solve this, Wang added arsenic trioxide (ATO), a poisonous chemical. At first, the use of the poisonous compound was met with much doubt. However, it proved effective. With the new ATRA-ATO combination therapy (疗法), the survival rate for APL rose from 10 percent to more than 97 percent. Wang refused to patent (申请专利) the therapy. “A doctor should put patients’ well-being first,” he said. Today, a box of 10 ATRA pills costs just 300 yuan in China. Honored with national awards, Wang stayed modest, “I achieved only one thing — being responsible for my patients.” 1．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．APL made patients die without suffering. B．Wang won the medal for his contributions . C．APL was a mild disease before his research. D．The medal strengthened Wang’s determination. 2．What improved the survival rate of leukemia patients? A．The combination of ATRA and ATO. B．The treatment of the five-year-old girl. C．The discovery of arsenic trioxide (ATO). D．The improvement in chemotherapy techniques. 3．Which of the following would Wang most agree with? A．Personal income defines a doctor’s worth. B．Patients’ well-being must always come first. C．Professional recognition should be the final goal. D．Established treatments should never be challenged. 4．What can we learn from Wang’s story? A．Great minds think alike. B．Every cloud has a silver lining. C．One good turn deserves another. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍中国医生王振义因对抗白血病的贡献获“共和国勋章”及相关事迹。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 2024, Chinese doctor Wang Zhenyi, turning 100, was given the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest honor, for his battle against leukemia (白血病). (2024年，即将百岁的中国医生王振义因对抗白血病，被授予中国最高荣誉“共和国勋章”。)”可知，王振义因贡献获得勋章。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“With the new ATRA-ATO combination therapy (疗法), the survival rate for APL rose from 10 percent to more than 97 percent.(有了新的ATRA - ATO联合疗法，APL的存活率从10%上升到97%以上。)”可知，ATRA和ATO的组合提高了白血病患者的存活率。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Wang refused to patent (申请专利) the therapy. “A doctor should put patients’ well-being first,” he said. (王拒绝为该疗法申请专利。“医生应该把病人的健康放在第一位，”他说。)”可知，王振义最可能认同“病人的健康必须永远放在第一位”。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，王振义经过不懈努力，最终研发出治疗白血病的有效疗法，体现了“有志者事竟成”。故选D项。 Passage 2 （23-24高一下·江苏泰州·期末） Some of the 17 million Americans suffering from major depressive disorder may soon receive a surprising new suggestion from their doctors: Have fun on a virtual reality (VR) device. “Depression impacts so many people right now, and we thought VR could have a large impact,” said Bullock, founder of Stanford’s Neurobehavioral Clinic and Virtual Reality program. “There can be significant barriers to behavioral activation (行为激活) in some patients — they might be stuck in a hospital bed, or have no means to involve themselves in enjoyable activities like getting outside, exercising and volunteering. We started wondering whether simulated (模拟的) pleasant activities could be a good first step for them.” The study by Bullock’s team, published in JMIR Mental Health, followed 26 people with major depressive disorder. Half were told to plan and take part in real life activities like going on outings in their community or socializing with friends. The other half used a virtual reality headset to participate in activities ranging from table tennis to touring foreign cities or attending shows. After four weeks, people in both groups saw a decrease in their symptoms of depression and their depression rating by similar amounts. “People who might otherwise have barriers to getting treatment might be open to using this technology in their own homes,” said Margot Paul, a professor of mental and behavioral sciences. Bullock believes the cost and ease of many VR platforms — especially those that have mobile phones put into cheap cardboard headsets — make it an easy treatment to promote. The team says larger and longer-term studies are needed to find the best ways to practice virtual behavioral activation, as well as which patient populations might be best targeted with the VR treatment. They also think more efforts are needed to inform doctors about how to practice VR behavioral activation appropriately. 1．What is the benefit of using virtual reality to treat depression? A．It provides easier access to mood-lifting activities. B．It increases public awareness regarding depression. C．It motivates those with serious depression to get out. D．It is more effective than taking part in real life activities. 2．What’s Margot Paul’s attitude towards the VR treatment? A．Unclear. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Negative. 3．What might the follow-up study focus on? A．Cutting down on the cost of VR treatment. B．Exploring how VR lifts the patient’ spirits. C．Putting the VR treatment into practical use. D．Encouraging doctors to adopt VR treatment. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．VR — a simple tool to treat depression B．VR — a shared world without frontiers C．VR — a replacement for traditional drugs D．VR — a technology taking the world by storm 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一项关于使用虚拟现实（VR）技术治疗重度抑郁症患者的研究。研究发现，通过VR设备进行模拟的愉快活动与传统的现实生活中的活动一样，都能有效减轻患者的抑郁症状。研究人员认为，VR治疗成本低廉、易于推广，但仍需进一步的研究来确定最佳的实践方式，并让医生了解如何恰当地使用这种治疗方法。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“There can be significant barriers to behavioral activation (行为激活) in some patients — they might be stuck in a hospital bed, or have no means to involve themselves in enjoyable activities like getting outside, exercising and volunteering. We started wondering whether simulated (模拟的) pleasant activities could be a good first step for them.”（对于一些患者来说，行为激活可能存在重大障碍——他们可能被困在医院病床上，或者没有办法参与户外活动、锻炼和志愿服务等令人愉快的活动。我们想知道模拟的愉快活动是否是他们的良好第一步。）和第五段中“Bullock believes the cost and ease of many VR platforms — especially those that have mobile phones put into cheap cardboard headsets — make it an easy treatment to promote.”（布洛克认为，许多虚拟现实平台的成本和易用性——尤其是那些将手机放在廉价的纸板耳机上的平台——使其很容易推广。）可推知，对于一些抑郁症患者来说，他们可能没有办法参与令人愉快的活动，而虚拟现实可以让抑郁症患者更容易参加令人愉快的活动，因此，使用虚拟现实来治疗抑郁症的好处是它提供了让抑郁症患者更容易参加令人愉快的活动的途径。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中““People who might otherwise have barriers to getting treatment might be open to using this technology in their own homes,” said Margot Paul, a professor of mental and behavioral sciences.”（精神和行为科学教授Margot Paul说：“那些可能无法获得治疗的人可能会在自己家中使用这种技术。”）可知，Margot Paul认为虚拟现实治疗对于那些可能无法获得治疗的人来说是一个可行的选择，因此他对虚拟现实治疗持赞成态度。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The team says larger and longer-term studies are needed to find the best ways to practice virtual behavioral activation, as well as which patient populations might be best targeted with the VR treatment. They also think more efforts are needed to inform doctors about how to practice VR behavioral activation appropriately.”（该团队表示，需要进行更大规模、更长期的研究，以找到实践虚拟行为激活的最佳方法，以及哪些患者群体最适合接受虚拟现实治疗。他们还认为，需要做出更多努力，让医生了解如何适当地进行虚拟现实行为激活。）可推知，后续研究可能会关注如何将虚拟现实治疗付诸实践。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Some of the 17 million Americans suffering from major depressive disorder may soon receive a surprising new suggestion from their doctors: Have fun on a virtual reality (VR) device.”（在1700万患有重度抑郁症的美国人中，一些人可能很快就会收到医生的一个令人惊讶的新建议：在虚拟现实(VR)设备上玩得开心。）和下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了虚拟现实作为一种新的治疗抑郁症的方法，它提供了更容易获得的心情提升活动，可能对那些无法获得传统治疗的人有所帮助。因此，文章的最佳标题应该是“VR — a simple tool to treat depression”（VR——一种简单的治疗抑郁症的工具）。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·江苏常州·期末） A cancer treatment no longer means what it used to be. Just a few decades ago, the survival rate beyond five years was less than 50%. Now, nearly 70% of those who get cancer survive that long, and that rate is set to rise. Why? Because, more than ever, chemotherapy (化疗) and radiation, once the only ways of cancer treatment, are being paired with or replaced by varieties of new drugs and treatments. For example, the first medication for what was previously considered an “undruggable” lung cancer was recently approved in the United States, Canada, Europe and the U.K. And a brand-new precise chemotherapy drug delivered directly to breast cancer cells is giving hope to patients with the HER 2-positive form of the disease. Another discovery has been the promise of a treatment called immunotherapy, as researchers around the world have discovered ways to use the body’s own immune (免疫) system to battle cancer cells. Also driving hope is a focus on prevention. Decades of research and public education have led to greater awareness of how lifestyle changes can reduce our risk of developing cancer. According to an article from the journal Pharmaceutical Research and published by the National Institutes of Health, 90% to 95% of cancers can be owed to environment and lifestyle, rather than to genetic (基因的) factors. Employing vaccines (疫苗) is another effective way of prevention. Take the mRNA cancer vaccines for example. The speedy development of COVID-19 vaccines was thanks to foundations already laid by researchers who had been working for years to create mRNA vaccines to fight cancer. These vaccines use a specially programmed molecule (分子) to activate an immune response in the body’s cells. Unlike the COVID-19 vaccines designed to help protect billions of people, each cancer mRNA vaccine is tailored to treat a single patient’s cancer. In fact, this personalized approach can be made for everyone, and for every cancer. 1．Why is the survival rate beyond five years rising now? A．Because new drugs and treatments have come out. B．Because chemotherapy and radiation get advanced. C．Because new drugs have been paired with old ones. D．Because new treatments have replaced the old ones. 2．What can we learn from the fourth paragraph? A．All the cancers are not related to genetic factors. B．Most cancers have no relationship with lifestyle. C．A focus on prevention is our only hope to deal with cancer. D．All cancers have relationship with environment and lifestyle. 3．What can we infer about cancer mRNA vaccine according to the text? A．The COVID-19 vaccines can be used to fight some cancers. B．One cancer mRNA vaccine can’t be used for another cancer. C．One cancer mRNA vaccine can be used to treat patients of the same cancer. D．The COVID-19 vaccines were created from previous cancer mRNA vaccines. 4．What is the text? A．A diary entry. B．A news report. C．A book review. D．A science fiction. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，因为化疗和放疗与各种新药和治疗相结合、对癌症预防的关注和使用疫苗，癌症治疗存活率不断提高。 1．细节理解题。由第一段中的“Now, nearly 70% of those who get cancer survive that long, and that rate is set to rise. Why? Because, more than ever, chemotherapy (化疗) and radiation, once the only ways of cancer treatment, are being paired with or replaced by varieties of new drugs and treatments. (现在，近70%的癌症患者能活那么长时间，而且这个比率还会上升。为什么？因为，化疗和放疗，曾经是癌症唯一的治疗方法，现在比以往任何时候都要与各种新药和治疗相结合或被其取代)”可知，五年后的癌症存活率现在在上升是因为新的药物和治疗方法已经问世。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。由第四段中的“According to an article from the journal Pharmaceutical Research and published by the National Institutes of Health, 90% to 95% of cancers can be owed to environment and lifestyle, rather than to genetic (基因的) factors. (根据美国国立卫生研究院发表的《药物研究》杂志的一篇文章，90%至95%的癌症可能与环境和生活方式有关，而不是遗传因素)”可知，并非所有的癌症都与遗传因素有关。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。由第五段中的“Unlike the COVID-19 vaccines designed to help protect billions of people, each cancer mRNA vaccine is tailored to treat a single patient’s cancer. (与旨在帮助保护数十亿人的新冠肺炎疫苗不同，每种癌症mRNA疫苗都是为治疗单个患者的癌症而设计的)”可知，每种癌症mRNA疫苗是为每个患者量身定制的疫苗，可得出一种癌症mRNA疫苗不能用于另一种癌症。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了，因为化疗和放疗与各种新药和治疗相结合、对癌症预防的关注和使用疫苗，癌症治疗存活率不断提高，属于科普知识类文章，可能在新闻报道上出现。故选B项。 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·江苏扬州·期末） Just off the Florida Keys lies the world’s third-largest coral reef (珊瑚礁), which was once an energetic habitat for millions of plants and animals. But an outbreak of stony coral tissue loss disease threatens to destroy 20 of the 45 species found there, including larger reef-building corals. “This disease that is burning through the Florida Keys is an unbelievable event that is happening,” said Andrew Stamper, conservation science manager at Disney’s Animals, Science and Environment. “It’s like a wildfire.” Stamper said that would endanger Florida’s fishing industry and food supply. “Unfortunately, we do not know exactly what is causing this,” he said. In order to save the reef, scientists have moved some species hundreds of miles away to a lab in Orlando. Scientists work to simulate breeding (繁殖) conditions in the lab. The conditions are exactly the same as the living conditions of the coral. The work needs a lot of care, effort and attention to detail. LED lights exactly copy the sun and moon cycles. Volunteers feed the coral in water treated to mimic its real habitat. “This essentially is a gene bank,” said Jim Kinsler, leader of SeaWorld Orlando. “We’re trying to protect the genetics of these corals so that their offspring(后代)can eventually be returned back to the Florida reef area.” The task of relocating the lab-grown coral to the sea is also a detailed task. Kinsler, who is part of a team of private and public partners operating the Florida Coral Rescue Center, said, “It’s the first time that many of them have been involved in rescuing an entire ecosystem,” “We think the real challenge is just growing them out to a size, so we can test them in those waters, test their disease resistance (抵抗力), and then breed the successful corals by the hundreds of thousands literally,” said Andrew Walker, president of the Fish & Wildlife Foundation of Florida. 1．What do we know about the Florida Keys? A．It owns the world’s largest coral reef. B．A disease broke out among people there. C．The world’s third-largest coral reef is close to it. D．It is now the habitat of millions of plants and animals. 2．What do Andrew Stamper’s words mean? A．The root of the disease is unclear. B．A wildfire broke out in the Florida Keys. C．The disease will spread across the Earth. D．The disease has caused a great loss to the locals. 3．What does the underlined word “simulate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Copy. B．Contrast. C．Escape. D．Feature. 4．What is the purpose of the research according to Andrew Walker? A．To restore the coral in the lab. B．To sell the coral in the normal size. C．To make more people involved in protecting the ecosystem. D．To produce masses of disease-resistant coral back to the sea. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。佛罗里达附近的第三大珊瑚礁面临珊瑚组织丧失疾病的威胁，科学家们将一些物种转移到奥兰多的实验室以保护遗传基因，并试图培育出抵抗疾病的珊瑚。最终目标是将实验室培育的珊瑚重新回到佛罗里达旁的珊瑚礁区。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Just off the Florida Keys lies the world’s third-largest coral reef(珊瑚礁), which was once an energetic habitat for millions of plants and animals. But an outbreak of stony coral tissue loss disease threatens to destroy 20 of the 45 species found there, including larger reef-building corals. (佛罗里达群岛附近有世界第三大珊瑚礁，这里曾经是数百万动植物的栖息地。但是，石珊瑚组织丧失疾病的爆发威胁着那里45种珊瑚中的20种，包括更大的造礁珊瑚。)”可知，世界第三大珊瑚礁在佛罗里达群岛附近，爆发疾病的是珊瑚，珊瑚礁区有数百万动植物。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“‘This disease that is burning through the Florida Keys is an unbelievable event that is happening,' said Andrew Stamper, conservation science manager at Disney’s Animals, Science and Environment. ‘It’s like a wildfire.’ Stamper said that would endanger Florida’s fishing industry and food supply. ‘Unfortunately, we do not know exactly what is causing this,’ he said. (迪士尼动物、科学与环境保护科学经理斯坦珀说，‘正在佛罗里达群岛肆虐的这种疾病是一件令人难以置信的事情。它就像野火一样。’斯坦珀说，这将危及佛罗里达州的渔业和食品供应。他说，‘不幸的是，我们并不确切知道是什么导致了这种情况。’)”可知，珊瑚组织丧失疾病的根源尚不清楚。故选A项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“In order to save the reef, scientists have moved some species hundreds of miles away to a lab in Orlando. Scientists work to simulate breeding(繁殖)conditions in the lab. The conditions are exactly the same as the living conditions of the coral. The work needs a lot of care, effort and attention to detail. LED lights exactly copy the sun and moon cycles. Volunteers feed the coral in water treated to mimic its real habitat. (为了拯救珊瑚礁，科学家们已经将一些物种转移到数百英里外奥兰多的一个实验室。科学家们在实验室里simulate繁殖条件。这些条件与珊瑚的生存条件完全相同。这项工作需要大量的细心、努力和对细节的关注。LED灯完全模仿太阳和月亮的周期。志愿者用模拟珊瑚真实栖息地的水喂养珊瑚。)”可知，在实验室里创造出的生存条件、太阳、月亮的周期，以及水都与珊瑚礁在原来栖息地的条件完全相同，即实验室模拟了珊瑚礁原有的繁殖条件，simulate意为“模拟，模仿”，与Copy意思相近，故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“‘This essentially is a gene bank,’ said Jim Kinsler, leader of SeaWorld Orlando. ‘We’re trying to protect the genetics of these corals so that their offspring (后代) can eventually be returned back to the Florida reef area.’ (奥兰多海洋世界的负责人金斯勒说，这实际上是一个基因库,‘我们正在努力保护这些珊瑚的基因，这样它们的后代最终就能回到佛罗里达的珊瑚礁区。’)”可知，科学家们保护珊瑚基因，希望能使他们的后代重返佛罗里达的珊瑚礁区。最后一段“‘We think the real challenge is just growing them out to a size, so we can test them in those waters, test their disease resistance (抵抗力), and then breed the successful corals by the hundreds of thousands literally,’ said Andrew Walker, president of the Fish & Wildlife Foundation of Florida. (佛罗里达州鱼类和野生动物基金会主席安德鲁·沃克说：‘我们认为真正的挑战只是把它们长到一定的尺寸，这样我们就可以在那些水域测试它们，测试它们的抗病能力，然后培育出成千上万的成功珊瑚。’)”，根据安德鲁·沃克的话可知，研究的目的是实验室能培育出成千上万的有抗病能力的珊瑚，这样它们才有机会重新回到佛罗里达的珊瑚礁区。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏连云港·期末） “Sunshine might be healthier than most people think, outweighing the risk of skin cancer”, British doctors suggested last week. The four researchers at Bristol University were accused of weakening years of campaigning to warn people of the dangers of too much sun. Experts agree exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays increases the risk of skin cancer and accelerates the signs of aging. But in the British Medical Journal the Bristol team led by Andrew Ness wrote, “There is evidence that the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight may outweigh the widely publicized negative effects on the incidence of skin cancer.” Vitamin D, made in the body in reaction to sunlight, prevented rickets (软骨病) in children and was associated with a protective effect against heart disease. Sunshine was also useful for treating certain skin conditions and there was also the “feel good effect of lying or sitting in the sun”. The researchers said it was too early to advise people to spend more time in the sun, but suggested the basis of the current advice to cover up should be reviewed. “Perhaps, while we await the conclusions of such formal analyses, those of us who enjoy spending time in the sun can rest assured that the chance that we will be one of the people dying from the sun small.” they added. Their article was strongly criticized by health campaigners who claimed it was unbalanced and not backed by scientific evidence. Britain’s Health Education Authority said skin cancer was the most common form of cancer in the country, with more than 50, 000 new cases diagnosed each year and more than 2, 000 people dying from the disease. It said treatment almost always required surgery and almost 50 percent of cases were fatal. The authority’s skin cancer campaign manager Christopher New said, “We are very disappointed with this controversial article. It doesn’t have enough supporting evidence and runs the risk undoing many years of “good health education””. 1．What can we learn about the four researchers in the first paragraph? A．They were accused of warning people of the danger of too much sun. B．They agreed exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays accelerated people’s aging. C．They publicized the negative effect of the sun on the incidence of skin cancer. D．They believed being exposed to sunlight might be beneficial to people’s health. 2．What will the Bristol team support? A．Children should cover up in the sunlight. B．Sunshine helps to treat some skin conditions. C．Those enjoying the sun are free of skin cancer. D．People should currently spend more time in the sun. 3．What does the “good health education” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Warning people of the danger of too much sunlight. B．Informing people of the benefits of exposure to sunlight. C．Convincing people of the effect of sun on skin conditions. D．Reminding people of the good feeling of lying or sitting in the sun. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．More people are dying from skin cancer. B．Sunshine does more harm than good to skin. C．Sunshine can prevent heart disease in children. D．A study found sunshine has lots of benefits. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是，有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“The four researchers at Bristol University were accused of weakening years of campaigning to warn people of the dangers of too much sun.(布里斯托尔大学的四名研究人员被指责削弱了多年来警告人们过度晒太阳的危害的运动。)”可知，这四位研究人员认为暴露在阳光下可能对人们的健康有益。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段的“But in the British Medical Journal the Bristol team led by Andrew Ness wrote, “There is evidence that the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight may outweigh the widely publicized negative effects on the incidence of skin cancer.”(但在《英国医学杂志》上，由Andrew Ness领导的布里斯托尔研究小组写道：“有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响。”)”和第三段的“Sunshine was also useful for treating certain skin conditions and there was also the “feel good effect of lying or sitting in the sun”.(阳光对治疗某些皮肤状况也很有用，而且“躺在阳光下或坐在阳光下也有很好的感觉”。)”可知，布里斯托尔团队支持的是阳光有助于治疗一些皮肤问题。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第一段的“The four researchers at Bristol University were accused of weakening years of campaigning to warn people of the dangers of too much sun.(布里斯托尔大学的四名研究人员被指责削弱了多年来警告人们过度晒太阳的危害的运动。)”和最后一段的“We are very disappointed with this controversial article. It doesn’t have enough supporting evidence and runs the risk undoing many years of “good health education”(我们对这篇有争议的文章感到非常失望。它没有足够的支持证据，有可能使多年来的“良好健康教育”付之一流。)”可知，此处所说的“良好教育”指的是警告人们太多阳光的危害，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“But in the British Medical Journal the Bristol team led by Andrew Ness wrote, “There is evidence that the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight may outweigh the widely publicized negative effects on the incidence of skin cancer.”(但在《英国医学杂志》上，由Andrew Ness领导的布里斯托尔研究小组写道：“有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响。”)”可知，本文主要讲的是有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响，也就是一项研究发现阳光有很多好处，故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） Officials from Brazil’s Indigenous (原住民) protection agency approached the hut in the middle of the Amazon rainforest. They were witnessing the first recorded dying out of an uncontacted tribe in the country’s history. The man lying there, the last member of his tribe, had died and with him an entire culture and answers to a thousand questions. Even his name was a mystery. He was known only as “the Man of the Hole” because of the dozens of holes he had dug over the years in his territory. His age, too, could only be guessed at. He appeared to be about 60, officials said. It was a sad milestone for a country that in recent years has seen protections for Indigenous groups undermined by an administration that has prioritized (优先) development of the Amazon over conservation. In Rondonia, the only resident of the 8,000-hectare area lived in complete isolation for at least 26 years after the rest of his group was killed by ranchers (农场主) advancing the agricultural frontier. Brazil’s Indigenous protection agency, Funai, made direct contact with the last surviving man only in 1996. Marcelo dos Santos, an Indigenous expert, said he was found hiding in his hut. “We tried to establish a conversation and offered corn and arrows, but he was terrified and very aggressive (具有攻击性). From this moment on, we had to respect his isolation.” Even with protections in place, the territory suffered widespread deforestation up until about 13 years ago. Attacks on the last surviving man continued, as well, including one by armed gunmen in 2009, according to local news reports. “For me, he was somehow incredible: to be able to survive on his own, not speak to anybody and avoid all contact maybe out of grief or determination,” said Fionad Watson, a research director at Survival International, a London-based rights organization. 1．What did the death of “the Man of the Hole” suggest? A．An uncontacted tribe went extinct. B．An entire culture would be recorded. C．The secrets around him would be unearthed. D．The protection agency was unwilling to rescue him. 2．The underlined word “undermined” in para. 4 is closest in meaning to “________”. A．strengthened B．monitored C．sought D．weakened 3．What happened to “the Man of the Hole” in 1996? A．He made the protection agency’s approach a failure. B．He witnessed the most severe deforestation in history. C．He escaped being shot by a group of aggressive gunmen. D．He learned more survival skills with arrows offered by Funai. 4．What did Fiona Watson regard “the Man of the Hole” as? A．A mystery B．An evolution C．A wonder D．A fortune 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。巴西的亚马逊雨林中部的一个部落随着其最后一个成员的离世而消失了，文章分析了其中的原因，指出了巴西政府对于保护土著群体的不作为。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When officials from Brazil’s Indigenous (原住民) protection agency approached the hut in the middle of the Amazon rainforest, their fears were confirmed: They were witnessing the first recorded dying out of an uncontacted tribe in the country’s history. (当巴西土著保护机构的官员接近亚马逊雨林中部的小屋时，他们的担忧得到了证实：他们正在目睹该国历史上第一次有记录的与世隔绝的部落死亡。)”，第二段“The man lying there, the last member of his tribe, had died, and with him an entire culture and answers to a thousand questions. (躺在那里的那个人，他部落的最后一个成员，已经死了，随着他的死，整个文化和成千上万个问题的答案也都死了)”可知，随着这个男子的离世，一个与世隔绝的部落灭绝了。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“It was a sad milestone for a country that in recent years has seen protections for Indigenous groups undermined by an administration that has prioritized development of the Amazon over conservation. (这对一个国家来说是一个悲伤的里程碑，因为近年来，政府将亚马逊的开发置于保护之上，undermined对土著群体的保护)”可知，政府优先考虑开发亚马逊，而不是对这个地方的保护，因此削弱了对土著群体的保护，从而导致土著群体的消失，致使悲剧发生，划线词意为“削弱”，与weakened意思相近。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段“Brazil’s Indigenous protection agency, Funai made direct contact with the last surviving man only in 1996. Marcelo dos Santos, an Indigenous expert, who led the Funai exploit that met the man, said he was found hiding in his hut. ‘We tried to establish a conversation and offered corn and arrows, but he was terrified and very aggressive. From this moment on, we had to respect his isolation.’ (巴西土著保护机构Funai直到1996年才与最后一位幸存者取得了直接联系。马塞洛·多斯桑托斯是一位土著专家，他领导了Funai的开发工作，遇到了这名男子，他说，他被发现藏在他的小屋里。‘我们试图建立对话，并提供玉米和箭，但他吓坏了，非常有攻击性。从这一刻起，我们必须尊重他的孤独。’)”可知，保护机构想要提供玉米和箭，洞人有攻击性，所以对方尊重他的孤独，即保护失败。1996年，洞人让保护机构的做法失败了。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“For me, he was somehow a miracle: to be able to survive on his own, not speak to anybody and avoid all contact maybe out of grief or determination (对我来说，他在某种程度上是一个奇迹：能够独自生存，不与任何人说话，避免一切接触，也许是出于悲伤或决心)”可知，这个被称之为洞人的男子，在他的部落成员被外人杀害之后，与外界老死不相往来，一人独自守着8000公顷的土地，还被多次袭击，Fiona Watson认为洞人是一个奇迹。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（新闻报道） 答案版 主题01 人与社会——社会问题与社会现象 Passage 1：1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D Passage 2：1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B Passage 3：1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B Passage 4：1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 主题02 人与社会——中国文化与节日 Passage 1：1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A Passage 2：1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A Passage 3：1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1：1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B Passage 2：1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A Passage 3：1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 主题04 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1：1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A Passage 2：1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1：1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D Passage 2：1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 主题02 人与社会——医疗 Passage 1：1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D Passage 2：1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A Passage 3：1．A 2．A 3．B 4．B 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1：1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D Passage 2：1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D Passage 3：1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $