专题05 七选五（期末真题汇编，江苏专用）高二英语下学期

**基本信息** 聚焦七选五题型，精选江苏多地高二期末真题，主题涵盖个人保健、哲理感悟、科普知识等，注重真实情境与逻辑思维训练。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |七选五|12篇（5题/篇）|逻辑衔接（过渡句、例证）、语篇结构（总分、因果）|以“学生课间锻炼”“睡眠规律与健康”等贴近生活的主题创设情境，如Passage 2（宿迁期末）围绕“碎片化运动”，考查段落主旨与句间逻辑；整合南京、淮安等地期末真题，适配高二下学期语言能力与思维品质培养需求。|

专题05 七选五 主题01 人与自我——个人保健 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·江苏南京·期末） Loud noise can be very damaging to your hearing, whether it’s a loud burst or years of exposure. Approximately 15 percent of adults report some trouble hearing. 1 . The good news is that taking action now may protect you from hearing loss later in life. Get a baseline hearing test. Most people have never had a hearing test. 2 . At your next physical, ask for a hearing test as part of routine checkup. A hearing test gives your audiologist a baseline that they can compare with future results to monitor the progression of hearing loss. 3 . While you are watching TV or using mobile devices, keep the volume at a comfortable level. It should be loud enough to make sure you can hear very well, but not so loud that when you leave the room, you can still hear it from another part of your home. Wear protective hearing devices. Think ear protection before you’re exposed to any noisy environment, such as rock concerts or airports. When you are in a noisy environment, wear protective hearing devices such as earplugs or protective earphones. 4 Have proper earphones. If you often listen to music on earphones using a portable music or video device, it is a good idea to have earphones that fit the unique shape of your ear canal, and block outside noise. 5 A．The risk rises as we age. B．Monitor the volume of your devices. C．However, it benefits you to go against that trend. D．Meanwhile, you will find the sound truly superior. E．You can find them at your local drugstore or music supply shop. F．Consider buying appliances and devices having low noise ratings. G．You must do something to keep age-related hearing loss from getting worse. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·江苏宿迁·期末） Quick Workouts in Break Times for Students Finding time to exercise while struggling with school work and other commitments can be a tough task for students. 1 By taking advantage of short breaks between classes or study sessions for quick works, students can gain the benefits of exercise along their academic responsibilities. One way to fit in a quick workout during break times is by engaging in high-intensity interval (间歇) training exercises. 2 These workouts can easily be done in a small space and require minimal equipment. Students can perform exercises such as jumping jacks, squats (深蹲) and lunges (弓步) to get their heart rate up and break a sweat in just a few minutes. 3 Whether it’s a brief walk around the playgrounds or a jog around the track field, getting some fresh air and movement during breaks can help students restore their energy levels and refocus on their studies. Many schools have fitness stations or outdoor workout equipment that students can use during their free time. Lastly, including stretching or yoga in break times can help students relax and relieve some of the stress that comes with academic demands. Simple yoga poses or stretching exercises can be performed in a quiet corner of the library or an empty classroom during breaks. 4 While there may be challenges along the way, it is possible for students to fit exercise into a busy school schedule. 5 By recognizing the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle during the school years, students can cultivate habits that will benefit them well beyond graduation. A．In addition, there are organized sports at school. B．However, making use of break times can be a smart idea. C．To address the challenge, some schools extend break times. D．This way, students can return to their studies feeling refreshed. E．Another option is to take advantage of outdoor spaces on campus. F．With the above tips, they can balance studies and physical activities. G．They are designed to be short yet intense, making them ideal for short breaks. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·江苏南京·期末） The measurement most often used to assess a good night’s sleep is the number of hours of shuteye we get. And of course, getting plenty of sleep is definitely important. 1 That’s according to a new study published in the journal Sleep. 2 Even people who manage to sleep consistently for seven to eight hours each night, but who keep irregular schedules, are at a higher risk of strokes, heart attacks and cancer than those who slept fewer hours, but maintained a more consistent schedule. 3 The findings of the study show that those who got under six hours of sleep, or over nine, each night were at an increased risk, too. Researchers analyzed sleep data from almost 61,000 people in the UK Biobank, a biomedical database tracking the health of half a million people in the UK. 4 Using advanced algorithms (算法) to study sleep patterns and tracking people’s death rates over an average of 6.3 years, they identified the factors linked to a higher risk of early death. Overall, the people who had the most consistent sleep-wake times had up to a 48-per-cent lower risk of all-cause death compared to those with the least consistent routines.   5 Given the risks, they believe advice should focus not just on getting enough sleep, but on maintaining a regular schedule for better overall health. A．They put forward a sleep pattern for these people to follow. B．However, we should pay more attention to our sleep routine. C．In total, they examined more than 10 million hours of recorded sleep. D．Now, this doesn’t mean you need to sleep only a few hours every night. E．It suggests that one’s sleep regularity is a stronger predictor of death risk. F．It questions whether one gets plenty of sleep is closely related to his health. G．The researchers hope these findings will help update public health guidelines. Passage 4 （23-24高二下·江苏南京·期末） You know exercise is good for you, but do you know how good? It will help you feel better, have more energy and even add years to your life. 1 . Need more convincing to get moving? Check out these ways that exercise can lead to a happier, healthier you. Exercise controls weight. Exercise can help prevent too much weight gain or help maintain weight loss. When you take part in physical activity, you burn calories. Going to the gym regularly is indeed great,   1 . You can just get more active throughout your day. For example, take the stairs instead of the lift or speed up your housework. Consistency is key. Exercise improves mood. Need to be happy? Or need to lower stress after a stressful day? A gym session or quick walk can help. 1 . You also may feel better about your appearance and yourself when you exercise regularly, which can boost your confidence and improve your self-worth. 2 . Regular physical activity can improve your muscle strength and boost your tolerance. Exercise sends oxygen and nutrients to your tissues and helps your cardiovascular (心血管的) system work more efficiently. And when your heart and lung health improve, you have more energy to tackle daily chores. Exercise can be fun and social. Exercise and physical activity can be fun: They give you a chance to enjoy the outdoors or simply do activities that make you happy. 1 . So take a dance class, go for a swim or join a soccer team. Find a physical activity you enjoy, and just do it. A．Exercise boosts energy B．Exercise prevents high blood pressure C．Exercise can also help you connect with friends and neighbors D．Everyone benefits from exercise, no matter their age, sex or physical ability E．but don’t worry if you can’t find a large amount of time to do it every day F．It is advised to take different kinds of exercise to keep fit G．Physical activity stimulates brain chemicals that may leave you feeling happier 主题02 人与社会——哲理感悟 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·江苏淮安·期末） A reader has recently asked me how to face the uncertainty about the future without fear. It’s a great question because the fear visits us all. 1 Worse still, it can keep us holding onto things that are hurting us. But why does uncertainty scare us in the first place? The answer is we are comfortable in the cocoon (茧) we’ve built up — our possessions and people and places that we know well. 2 But the problem is not changes themselves but dealing with them. If you’re good at fighting changes, no uncertainty will frighten you. Here is what works for me. 3 New things can be scary because we may fall on our faces. So try something with no real risk, like learning to balance on a rope close to the ground or listening to a language-learning podcast. It is not as scary but will still boost your confidence in trying new things. Prepare a change toolset. Learn how to cope with changes, whatever they are. Develop skills with which you can get a job or start a new business. Have friends and family you can depend on. 4 A toolset like this will give you confidence to handle almost all changes. When you mess up, don’t see it as painful failure. The word “failure” is associated with negative things. Instead, start to look at “messing up” positively. 5 Try the above tips, and you will learn to embrace change and create new things that you have been afraid of creating. A．Add thrilling adventures to your daily life. B．Have a go at something new, but small and safe. C．But there is no need to worry about what hasn’t come. D．See it as the only way to learn, advance, and succeed. E．Losing this familiar environment in life changes is scary. F．If left undealt with, it can stop us from doing great things. G．Learn ways to bond with strangers and survive on little. Passage 2 （23-24高二下·江苏镇江·期末） What does life purpose mean and, more importantly, how does one find and fulfill it? It has been a long journey getting to this point, and here is what I have learned so far along the way. 1 Your life purpose is not something you can define today, nor is it something you will ever fully know or accomplish during your lifetime. 2 Then we can say, “This is what that person’s life meant.” Play to your strengths. 3 You were born with certain natural talents and abilities — use them. Develop your natural talents into skills by studying and practicing those talents. There is nothing wrong with trying to learn new things, but the likelihood is that you were born with the abilities needed to fulfill your life purpose. Pursue your passions. For whatever reason, we all feel passionate about certain things in life. In order to live your life purpose, you must become completely immersed in whatever it is, which means it must be something you are passionate about. 4 That way, it will be impossible to perform at the highest level. Focus on what you can control. If there is one lesson I have lived repeatedly in my life, it is that there is only one thing you can control: yourself. No matter how hard you try, you absolutely cannot control the results of your actions. All that we can do in life is put forth our best efforts. 5 A．Embrace your life. B．You are not capable of being all things to all people. C．After all, opportunities always favor the prepared mind. D．Remember your life purpose is a journey, not a destination. E．Only when your life has ended, will we have the full picture of it F．The path to living your purpose is paved with continual self-improvement. G．Otherwise, you will be doing something that ultimately makes you miserable. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·江苏常州·期末） Have you ever experienced a situation in your life where you are waiting for a good time to do something very significant? 1 In reality, however, waiting for the right time can often mean waiting forever. 2 It is a popular practice around the world, as many assume a good starting date is the ideal time for change. Yet, within weeks or some months, these promises are off the table. Why? It’s not the date that matters. It’s the mindset that there is a perfect time to begin. Often, the search for the perfect time is about feeling ready. We tell ourselves we’ll start when we’re more motivated, better prepared, or less busy. 3 There will always be distractions, challenges, and reasons to delay. Trying to find the right moment is like looking for rain in a rainbow — the longer you waits, the farther it seems to get. The truth is there is no right time to initiate anything. As soon as you start something, that is the right time, and every second afterward is another chance for development. The moment you take action, you’re already ahead of where you were before, building confidence along the way. Start that exercise routine with a ten-minute walk. Begin studying by reading one chapter. 4 Perfect conditions aren’t necessary; progress is what matters. When you take action, you send a powerful message to yourself: your goals are worth it, and so are you. You’ll soon discover that each step opens doors to new opportunities, support, and growth. So if there’s a goal you’ve been putting off, stop waiting. Start today. Start now. 5 It’s this very moment, right here, right now. And as you move forward, you’ll find things fall into place as it’s meant to be. A．It’s best to wait for the perfect moment. B．New Year’s resolutions are a perfect example. C．Pursue your dreams by doing one small thing today. D．But life rarely provides a perfect set of circumstances. E．The perfect time for it isn’t some distant day in the future. F．You have to have it all figured out to start making progress. G．We often tell ourselves that tomorrow will be better than today. Passage 4 （23-24高二下·江苏淮安·期末） How to Stay Positive around Negative People A positive attitude benefits your physical and mental health. However, it can be difficult to maintain a positive attitude when other people are negative. The best way is to be yourself and to form a flexible mindset. 1 ●Be in charge of your attitude. The first step is to remember that no one can make you feel bad without your permission. 2 You should remind yourself of it frequently when you are under the influence of negative people. Moreover, taking a quick walk is a good way you can maintain your positive attitude. 3 If all your attention is on the negative person, you’ll be more likely to be caught in their negativity. Pay attention to what you do, and you’ll create a distance between yourself and the other person. After all, you hardly change them, but yourself. Your priority is to maintain your own happiness. ● Use mottos or phrases. Repeating a motto or a phrase to yourself can help you remain positive. 4 Some people find mottos from classic literature, while others prefer well-known phrases from religious beliefs. An example of a motto might be: “Nothing is impossible to a willing heart,” or the Buddhist,“ Om mani padme hum.” ● Set social boundaries. 5 Then, you have to learn to say no to them, or you can’t have a life of your own. Even staying with negative people, try to make sure you’re meeting in a group rather than just the two of you. If you’re friends on social media, unfollowing the posts of the negative person is one way to minimize your contact with the person. A．Focus on yourself. B．Transform others’ attitude. C．It is meaningful and highly individual to each person. D．It is important to sympathize the negative people. E．You can use the following advice to help you do this. F．Be aware of the things or people that threaten your positivity. G．Avoid falling into the trap of feeling like a victim of someone’s bad attitude. 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·江苏南京·期末） Pets Make Our Lives Better Pets bring more than just companionship — they offer many surprising benefits that can enrich our lives. Here are reasons why we are right to embrace our pet friends in life. Pets offer a comforting presence, especially during stressful or challenging times. 1 They can offer unconditional support and a safe space to express feelings. Their calming effect helps owners manage stress and creates a sense of comfort and stability in difficult moments. 2 Pet owners must ensure their animals receive proper care, including feeding, cleaning, and regular check-ups. This daily commitment teaches us time management and organization, and it helps develop empathy and the understanding that another life depends on our actions, making pet ownership a valuable learning experience. Pets provide a perfect excuse to get out and keep active — whether it’s a jog through the woods with a dog or just a quick walk to pick up some cat food. Researches show that older adults who own a dog have a lower body mass index (BMI), make fewer visits to the doctor and do more exercise. 3 Pet waking is a great way of socializing. 4 Running into the same dog walkers frequently provides a chance to build up friendships. So not only can pets make our lives happier by being great companions, but they can help us find human companions too! In conclusion, owning a pet can be a rewarding experience that enriches our lives. 5 Imagine the joy of having a loyal companion waiting at home. Their company turns houses into homes filled with love and precious memories. A．We’re inviting love and joy into our lives. B．Owning a pet can enhance our feeling of security. C．So make the most of owning a pet and get outdoors. D．Owning a pet develops a strong sense of responsibility. E．Pets also need to socialize, which is good for their health. F．Their companionship helps reduce anxiety, loneliness, and emotional tension. G．Pets can be fantastic ice-breakers and help start conversations with fellow owners. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·江苏徐州·期末） Remember the last time you bought a new tech gadget (小型产品), say, a smart phone? You likely bought it because you heard good things about it from friends. It makes sense. Decades of research have shown how positive word-of-mouth can lead consumers to buy a product. 1 We found that the more people had heard others talking about their new product, the more worried and anxious they felt about using it. What’s more, the more worried and anxious they felt, the more cautious they were in using their new product. 2 Thus these less satisfied consumers were more likely to spread negative word-of-mouth. 3 It all comes down to social pressure. As consumers hear more “This app is awesome!!” from others about a new product, it makes them both more likely to buy and more likely to worry that they won’t be able to use the app as well as other people. 4 This worry and caution makes them less likely to fully explore and learn the app, making their experience with the app less positive overall. So how can companies maintain the benefits of positive word-of-mouth but avoid the downsides we observe? One possible answer is to avoid emphasizing performance and competence in their advertising. 5 Also sharing stories about learning and exploring while using a new product, and even about temporary failures, could lessen the pressure to perform, and help consumers successfully and happily use their new products. A．The caution led to lower levels of satisfaction. B．This will make consumers order more cautiously. C．How will word-of-mouth influence future purchase? D．Will they be able to experience its full awesomeness? E．However, our study identified some potential downsides. F．Why does hearing positive word-of-mouth have downsides? G．Encourage consumers spreading word-of-mouth to do the same. 主题01 人与自然——人与动植物 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·江苏淮安·期末） Looking for a way to connect with nature but you’re not sure how to when you live in the city? Here are a few ways to live in harmony with nature and reduce your pressure. ◆Go on a wildlife walk. There’s lots of urban wildlife for you to discover, so you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information. 1 A wildlife walk is one of the easiest ways to connect with nature because it helps you to realize that you’ re surrounded by nature. ◆ 2 Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes. This very direct connection with nature will make you realize that you’re part of the huge world, helping you to relax and feel calmer. ◆Attract nature yourself. One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you. 1 You can also fill some tubs (盆) with flowers to attract butterflies. Create a friendly place for nature and you’re sure to attract all kinds of beings passing close to your home. ◆Create a small garden. Plants and flowers are part of nature as well and even the tiniest amount of space can be turned into a beautiful garden. If you’ve got a balcony, fill it with pots full of flowers. 1 Imagine how satisfying it would be to share them with your friends and family. Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable lifestyle in a big city. 2 A．Have a walk in a park. B．Take off your shoes and walk barefoot. C．You can grow your own vegetables on it as well. D．It’s a different way of experiencing nature and helping you to enjoy it. E．You can put a bird feeder on your balcony (阳台) or by your window. F．Meantime, this is a good method of improving your health and well-being. G．They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·江苏南京·期末） There’s a belief that it is inadvisable to have plants in the bedroom. The concern is about how plants breathe. While plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the day, at night this is the opposite. 1 But to tell whether sharing our bedroom with our plants is a risk to health, we have to consider three things. 2 This is tricky to answer as it depends on everything from species to light levels and even room temperature, Also, there’s not much research on the exact measurements in indoor settings. Thankfully, in 2015, researchers at Turkey’s Kastamonu University found that houseplants like ficus (榕树) and yuccas (丝兰), when sealed (密封) in glass boxes, absorb between six and eight times as much CO2 in the day as they emit at night. This results in a significant net reduction over a full day. Secondly, we should compare the impact of plants on air quality with that of other potential competitors, such as a partner, A single human breath contains around 40,000 ppm of CO2, more than 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8 hours. 3 Also, consider this. Indoor plants grow in less light than they would ideally get in nature. So, they photosynthesize (光合作用) at a lower rate. This further reduces their impact on air quality. Finally, it is obvious that we don’t live in the sealed boxes in which these studies are carried out. 4 Even our movements can influence its flow. In conclusion, the plant effect in our homes is very small in many ways. 5 If sleeping near plants were bad for your health, camping in a forest would be definitely deadly. A．Firstly, how do plants breathe at night? B．So enjoy houseplants whenever you like. C．Firstly, do plants emit more CO2 at night? D．Camping can be a good escape if you are worried. E．This means they compete with us for air when we sleep. F．Indoor air is constantly exchanged through doors and windows. G．So you might want to send your partner away before your plants. 主题02 人与社会——方法/策略 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·江苏镇江·期末） Potatoes are a fundamental ingredient in many British kitchens. Whether it’s crafting crispy, golden chips akin to French fries, or serving up a plate of flawlessly roasted potatoes with a Sunday roast, the versatility (用途) of potatoes is endless. 1 Discovering that your potatoes have turned soft and begun sprouting (发芽) when you reach into the pack can quickly disturb dinner plans. 2 . While there are numerous suggestions on how to store them, including expert-approved fridge storage, finding spare room in the kitchen can sometimes be problematic.    Therefore, considering other areas in the house where they could be stored for several months might be beneficial. Before you start searching for suitable spots, it’s crucial to first remove the potatoes from the plastic packaging they’re typically sold in. 3 . Instead, opt for a more breathable material like a paper bag, or if you have a large quantity of potatoes, a cardboard box with holes. Once you’ve relocated them, if you’re lacking kitchen storage, a slightly unconventional location endorsed by a gardening expert can keep potatoes fresh for up to four months. Gardening expert Randy Lemmon revealed on his website that the optimal storage environment for potatoes is cool, dark and well-ventilated to prevent mould. 1 . An unoccupied bed serves as an ideal storage spot, ensuring consistent airflow and shielding potatoes from light and other produce like onions, which emit gases that can cause spoilage. While they can be stored for up to four months in this manner, it’s crucial to periodically check for any sprouting or green patches. 2 A．Metal containers can trap moisture and cause potatoes to sprout within a few weeks. B．However, while cooking them might be easy, keeping them fresh can often pose a challenge. C．Discard any spoiled potatoes from the box to maintain the freshness of the remaining ones. D．Contrary to traditional kitchen storage, Randy proposes utilizing your spare room by storing them under an unused bed in shallow boxes. E．Plastic should be avoided at all costs if you’re aiming to prolong the freshness of your potatoes. F．But, when stored correctly, potatoes can remain fresh for up to five months. G．So far, our experts have worked out a few solutions to keeping potatoes fresh. Passage 2 （23-24高二下·江苏常州·期末） If you’re living and working in a blame culture, you might have noticed how people are afraid to speak up when things go wrong. They know those in charge will be looking for victims to punish. This applies not only in workplaces but in families and other groups. 1 Group members fear being blamed and this makes them understandably secretive, distrusting and afraid to ask for help. At work, if staff have concerns about mistakes, they’ll tend to stay silent. In situations where people’s health and safety are at risk, this can lead to tragedy. The opposite of a blame culture is psychological safety. In a psychologically safe environment, there’s a sense of shared responsibility when things go wrong or right. Mistakes are seen as a learning opportunity. Team members trust one another, there’s a spirit of openness and people are comfortable asking for help. 2 Your ability to foster such a culture depends on your role. Even if you’re a junior member, you can help by supporting strugglers and seeking help yourself. 3 You could start by being open about your past mistakes and how you’ve learned from them. You could invite others to share their past experiences in a similar way. You could bring this same approach to project discussion (in a family, this could be a conversation about a recent family experience). 4 When it comes to addressing mistakes or shortcomings, give constructive feedback instead of blaming. In workplaces, this could involve exploring ways to improve your team’s processes to prevent future mistakes. For instance, if someone made an embarrassing spelling mistake, perhaps you could introduce a new proofreading step before documents are printed. 5 By embracing this culture, teams can grow stronger and more resilient together. A．The goal is to problem-solve in an open way. B．This boosts job satisfaction and team performance. C．But it’s possible to break free from a blame culture. D．They may miss opportunities to improve processes. E．Ask what went well and what could have gone better. F．Living in such a culture leads to negative consequences. G．But a leader plays a key role in modeling open environments. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·江苏南通·期末） Sitting a bad exam can be disheartening. It can be difficult for you students to know how to deal with the situation. Here are the strategies we suggest for students who have just had a bad exam. Let your emotions out. It is important that you deal with and accept the situation, instead of avoiding it. Therefore, letting out your emotions by crying or being angry for a bit can be beneficial. 1 Talking with parents, teachers or friends can help them get through the disappointment of a bad exam. Take time for you. Results day can be overwhelming and bring up a lot of emotions. It’s important to take some time to relax and unwind from it all. Do something you enjoy like taking a walk, reading a book or listening to music. 2 Putting pen to paper can help you take a step back and gain perspective. 3 Your results don’t define you, your capabilities or your worth. Life is full of ups, downs, and challenges. In the grand vision of your future, these results are a mere stepping stone to what you can achieve. Stay positive and stay motivated. It’s easy to get discouraged after receiving a bad grade, but it’s important to stay positive and motivated. Don’t let the setback define your academic journey. 4 Surround yourself with supportive friends, family, or mentors who can provide encouragement and motivation. Turn failure into success. 5 One of the most important steps to take after a bad exam is reflecting on what went wrong. You can do this by asking yourselves: “What would I do differently next time?” Using this question will help you gain a sense of control over the situation and boost your confidence for your next exam. A．Remember the bigger picture. B．It might help to write them down. C．Failure and setbacks are learning opportunities. D．Use positive self-talks to boost your motivation. E．Instead, use it as a fuel to work harder and smarter. F．They can also guide you on how to improve in the future. G．It is also important that you share your worries with others. Passage 4 （24-25高二下·江苏盐城·期末） When I was growing up, my mother used to repeat to me, “Use it up, wear it out, make it do, or do without.” 1 However, over the past year, thrift (节俭) has found a new social media-inspired name: “underconsumption core”. 2 They remind us that we don’t need a new air fryer. Digital creator Lauren got over half a million views on a video she posted just after the New Year. “What you had in 2024still works in 2025, ” she says, showing us her blanket with a hole that she intends to sew. Underconsumption core is taking over the Internet. People are tired of the endless “links to shop”. 3 It couldn’t come at a better time. Social media influencers make millions each year by marketing products to their followers. If you spend any time on Tik Tok, you’ll probably recognize the sound of an influencer’s nails against a new-in-box product that is a must-have, or you may have seen a woman unloading a massive bag of Zara clothes on the floor before displaying them. The pressure to buy is everywhere. 4 The effects of this kind of push to consume are significant. Americans threw 11. 3 million tons of clothing into the garbage can in 2018. That’s something like 70 pounds of garbage per person per year. 5 Gen Zers are likely to describe their finances to be tight. The endless opportunities to compare with others on social media certainly don’t help. So it’s time for a reset. For that, taking some underconsumption lessons from our mothers may be the answer. A．This latest trend, instead, is about buying less. B．On a personal level, Gen Zers struggle with their finances. C．Content creators are doing their best to advocate such an idea. D．Individually, Gen Zers are satisfied with the standard of living. E．This trend features influencers showing their widened interests. F．There are always some products that everyone seemingly should have. G．Being a thrifty mom and passing the practice on to her kid is nothing new. 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·江苏泰州·期末） This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. 1    There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. 2 If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. 3 When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. The light travels through the eye lens (晶状体). The lens then focuses the light rays, which fall on the retina (视网膜). A chemical present in the retina turns light into electric signals, which are then transmitted to the brain. The brain processes the signals and ultimately allows us to see stuff. The act of squinting, quite obviously, alters the shape of the space through which light passes, which helps us form a clear image on the retina. What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. 4 However, when you’re trying to focus on something, if there’s light entering from multiple directions, the lens will be overloaded. By squinting, focusing light rays becomes more precise. Squinting does not damage your eyesight. 5 It’s one thing to occasionally squint in order to make out something far away. But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. A．Actually, that’s not exactly the case. B．Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? C．Squinting does two major things to improve our vision. D．However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. E．Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. F．A number of biological components actually constitute the human eye. G．Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. Passage 2 （23-24高二下·江苏常州·期末） Historically, CEOs were mainly seen as the managers of their companies. Today’s CEOs, however, are increasingly recognized as essential players on the world stage. 1 It’s a phenomenon called CEO statesmanship. This is a function not only of CEOs’ economic power, but also of their role in influencing a wide range of people. 2 How can they maximize their impact? First, a CEO should be prepared to speak out on critical issues. 1 The great fame of CEOs requires them to be informed and thoughtful. More than ever, they are expected to share their views, to engage in national conversations and to contribute to social progress. Saying nothing and avoiding the spot-light may feel safer, but a CEO who stands for nothing is dispensable (可有可无的). 2 A CEO shouldn’t make a statement about every news headline. Leaders who express their opinions on every topic will find that they are expected to respond to issues out of their depths. This invites missteps and the loss of authority. Knowing when to speak and when to stay silent is important. Only by focusing on what lies in their depths, interests and values can they make a meaningful contribution. Finally, a CEO should act as a catalyst (催化剂) for change. 3 Stakeholders can see the difference between lip service and sincere efforts. When a CEO decides to make a statement on a matter of public concern, it must be backed by concrete actions. For example, if they are keen on green development, they can take measures to reduce their firms’ carbon footprint. By speaking out on critical issues, leading with purpose, and acting as catalysts for change, CEOs can help lead society towards a better future. A．Actions speak louder than words. B．But how should CEOs take on this role? C．As leaders, CEOs should lead with purpose. D．With great power comes great responsibility. E．CEO statesmanship will matter more than ever. F．But should CEOs be given so many privileges and responsibilities? G．They have the power to influence public policy, and even the course of global events. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 七选五 主题01 人与自我——个人保健 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·江苏南京·期末） Loud noise can be very damaging to your hearing, whether it’s a loud burst or years of exposure. Approximately 15 percent of adults report some trouble hearing. 1 . The good news is that taking action now may protect you from hearing loss later in life. Get a baseline hearing test. Most people have never had a hearing test. 2 . At your next physical, ask for a hearing test as part of routine checkup. A hearing test gives your audiologist a baseline that they can compare with future results to monitor the progression of hearing loss. 3 . While you are watching TV or using mobile devices, keep the volume at a comfortable level. It should be loud enough to make sure you can hear very well, but not so loud that when you leave the room, you can still hear it from another part of your home. Wear protective hearing devices. Think ear protection before you’re exposed to any noisy environment, such as rock concerts or airports. When you are in a noisy environment, wear protective hearing devices such as earplugs or protective earphones. 4 Have proper earphones. If you often listen to music on earphones using a portable music or video device, it is a good idea to have earphones that fit the unique shape of your ear canal, and block outside noise. 5 A．The risk rises as we age. B．Monitor the volume of your devices. C．However, it benefits you to go against that trend. D．Meanwhile, you will find the sound truly superior. E．You can find them at your local drugstore or music supply shop. F．Consider buying appliances and devices having low noise ratings. G．You must do something to keep age-related hearing loss from getting worse. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍噪音对听力的损害以及保护听力的具体方法，包括进行听力基线测试、控制设备音量、佩戴防护装置和选择合适耳机等。 1．根据上文“Approximately 15 percent of adults report some trouble hearing. (大约15%的成年人报告有听力问题。)”可知，此处提到成年人存在听力问题，结合下文“The good news is that taking action now may protect you from hearing loss later in life. (好消息是，现在采取行动可能会保护你在以后的生活中免受听力损失。)”可知，此处需进一步说明听力问题与年龄的关系，且引出下文采取行动保护听力。A选项（随着年龄的增长，风险会上升。）承接上文，且与下文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选A项。 2．根据上文“Most people have never had a hearing test. (大多数人从未进行过听力测试。)”可知，此处提到大多数人没有进行过听力测试这一现象，结合下文“At your next physical, ask for a hearing test as part of routine checkup. (在下次体检时，要求将听力测试作为常规检查的一部分。)”可知，此处需说明进行听力测试的好处，以鼓励人们进行测试。C选项（然而，逆势而行对你有好处。）承接上文，且引出下文建议进行听力测试，符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据下文“While you are watching TV or using mobile devices, keep the volume at a comfortable level. (当你看电视或使用移动设备时，将音量保持在舒适的水平。)”可知，此段主要强调控制设备音量以保护听力。B选项（监控你的设备音量。）概括了本段主题，符合语境。故选B项。 4．根据上文“When you are in a noisy environment, wear protective hearing devices such as earplugs or protective earphones. (当你在嘈杂的环境中时，佩戴听力保护装置，如耳塞或保护性耳机。)”可知，此处提到佩戴听力保护装置，结合选项可知，E选项（你可以在当地的药店或音乐用品店找到它们。）进一步说明了这些装置的购买地点，符合语境，且选项E中的“them”对应上文的“protective hearing devices”。故选E项。 5．根据上文“If you often listen to music on earphones using a portable music or video device, it is a good idea to have earphones that fit the unique shape of your ear canal, and block outside noise. (如果你经常使用便携式音乐或视频设备通过耳机听音乐，那么最好使用适合你耳道独特形状并能阻挡外界噪音的耳机。)”可知，此处提到使用适合耳道形状并能阻挡外界噪音的耳机的好处，D选项（同时，你会发现声音确实更优越。）承接上文，进一步说明了这种耳机的优点，符合语境。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·江苏宿迁·期末） Quick Workouts in Break Times for Students Finding time to exercise while struggling with school work and other commitments can be a tough task for students. 1 By taking advantage of short breaks between classes or study sessions for quick works, students can gain the benefits of exercise along their academic responsibilities. One way to fit in a quick workout during break times is by engaging in high-intensity interval (间歇) training exercises. 2 These workouts can easily be done in a small space and require minimal equipment. Students can perform exercises such as jumping jacks, squats (深蹲) and lunges (弓步) to get their heart rate up and break a sweat in just a few minutes. 3 Whether it’s a brief walk around the playgrounds or a jog around the track field, getting some fresh air and movement during breaks can help students restore their energy levels and refocus on their studies. Many schools have fitness stations or outdoor workout equipment that students can use during their free time. Lastly, including stretching or yoga in break times can help students relax and relieve some of the stress that comes with academic demands. Simple yoga poses or stretching exercises can be performed in a quiet corner of the library or an empty classroom during breaks. 4 While there may be challenges along the way, it is possible for students to fit exercise into a busy school schedule. 5 By recognizing the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle during the school years, students can cultivate habits that will benefit them well beyond graduation. A．In addition, there are organized sports at school. B．However, making use of break times can be a smart idea. C．To address the challenge, some schools extend break times. D．This way, students can return to their studies feeling refreshed. E．Another option is to take advantage of outdoor spaces on campus. F．With the above tips, they can balance studies and physical activities. G．They are designed to be short yet intense, making them ideal for short breaks. 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．E 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了学生如何利用课间休息时间进行快速锻炼，以平衡学业与身体健康。 1．根据上文“Finding time to exercise while struggling with school work and other commitments can be a tough task for students. (对于学生来说，在忙于学业和其他事务的同时抽出时间锻炼是一项艰巨的任务。)”以及下文“By taking advantage of short breaks between classes or study sessions for quick works, students can gain the benefits of exercise along their academic responsibilities. (通过利用课间或学习时间之间的短暂休息时间进行快速锻炼，学生可以在承担学术责任的同时获得锻炼的好处。)”可知，上文指出学生难以抽出时间锻炼，下文提出利用课间休息的解决方案，B项“However, making use of break times can be a smart idea. (然而，利用休息时间是个聪明的主意。)”，通过转折词However衔接上下文，符合“问题 — 对策”的逻辑。故选B项。 2．根据上文“One way to fit in a quick workout during break times is by engaging in high-intensity interval (间歇) training exercises. (在休息时间进行快速锻炼的一种方法是进行高强度间歇训练。)”以及下文“These workouts can easily be done in a small space and require minimal equipment. (这些锻炼可以在很小的空间内轻松完成，而且需要的设备很少。)”可知，本段主要介绍了一种锻炼方式 —— 高强度间歇训练，这种锻炼方式可以在小空间内完成且所需设备很少，G项“They are designed to be short yet intense, making them ideal for short breaks. (它们的设计特点是短而剧烈，非常适合短时间的休息。)”承上启下，进一步解释了高强度间歇训练的特点。故选G项。 3．根据下文“Whether it’s a brief walk around the playgrounds or a jog around the track field, getting some fresh air and movement during breaks can help students restore their energy levels and refocus on their studies. (无论是在操场上短暂散步，还是在跑道上慢跑，在课间休息时呼吸一些新鲜空气和进行一些运动可以帮助学生恢复精力，重新集中精力学习。)”可知，本段主要介绍了另一种锻炼方式 —— 户外活动，E项“Another option is to take advantage of outdoor spaces on campus. (另一个选择是利用校园里的户外空间。)”，可作为段落主题句引出下文。故选E项。 4．根据上文“Lastly, including stretching or yoga in break times can help students relax and relieve some of the stress that comes with academic demands. Simple yoga poses or stretching exercises can be performed in a quiet corner of the library or an empty classroom during breaks. (最后，在课间休息时进行伸展运动或瑜伽可以帮助学生放松，缓解学业带来的压力。在课间休息时，可以在图书馆的安静角落或空教室里做一些简单的瑜伽姿势或伸展运动。)”可知，本段主要介绍了伸展运动或瑜伽的好处，D项“This way, students can return to their studies feeling refreshed. (这样，学生们就能精神焕发地回到学习中。)”承接上文，说明伸展运动或瑜伽的效果，且“feeling refreshed”与“relax and relieve some of the stress”相呼应。故选D项。 5．根据上文“While there may be challenges along the way, it is possible for students to fit exercise into a busy school schedule. (虽然在这个过程中可能会遇到挑战，但学生还是有可能在繁忙的学业中安排锻炼的。)”以及下文“By recognizing the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle during the school years, students can cultivate habits that will benefit them well beyond graduation.(通过认识到在学校期间保持健康生活方式的重要性，学生可以养成一些习惯，这些习惯将使他们受益终身，远不止于毕业。)”可知，上文提到学生可将锻炼融入繁忙日程当中，下文说学生可以养成一些受益终身的习惯，F项“With the above tips, they can balance studies and physical activities. (有了上面的建议，他们可以平衡学习和体育活动。)”中的“above tips”指代前文的三种锻炼方式，承上启下并总结全文。故选F项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·江苏南京·期末） The measurement most often used to assess a good night’s sleep is the number of hours of shuteye we get. And of course, getting plenty of sleep is definitely important. 1 That’s according to a new study published in the journal Sleep. 2 Even people who manage to sleep consistently for seven to eight hours each night, but who keep irregular schedules, are at a higher risk of strokes, heart attacks and cancer than those who slept fewer hours, but maintained a more consistent schedule. 3 The findings of the study show that those who got under six hours of sleep, or over nine, each night were at an increased risk, too. Researchers analyzed sleep data from almost 61,000 people in the UK Biobank, a biomedical database tracking the health of half a million people in the UK. 4 Using advanced algorithms (算法) to study sleep patterns and tracking people’s death rates over an average of 6.3 years, they identified the factors linked to a higher risk of early death. Overall, the people who had the most consistent sleep-wake times had up to a 48-per-cent lower risk of all-cause death compared to those with the least consistent routines.   5 Given the risks, they believe advice should focus not just on getting enough sleep, but on maintaining a regular schedule for better overall health. A．They put forward a sleep pattern for these people to follow. B．However, we should pay more attention to our sleep routine. C．In total, they examined more than 10 million hours of recorded sleep. D．Now, this doesn’t mean you need to sleep only a few hours every night. E．It suggests that one’s sleep regularity is a stronger predictor of death risk. F．It questions whether one gets plenty of sleep is closely related to his health. G．The researchers hope these findings will help update public health guidelines. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于睡眠规律与健康之间关系的研究，强调了保持规律睡眠时间的重要性，并建议公众健康指南应更新以反映这一发现。 1．前文“And of course, getting plenty of sleep is definitely important. (当然，充足的睡眠非常重要)”说明睡眠时长的重要性，空处承接上文，由后文“That’s according to a new study published in the journal Sleep. (这是根据《睡眠》杂志上发表的一项新研究)”可知，下文将提出新的研究发现，因此空处应体现转折或补充说明，B项“然而，我们更应该关注睡眠的规律性”符合语境，引出下文关于睡眠规律的研究。故选B。 2．根据前文“That’s according to a new study published in the journal Sleep. (这是根据《睡眠》杂志上发表的一项新研究)”可知，空处应具体说明研究的发现，与后文“Even people who manage to sleep consistently for seven to eight hours each night, but who keep irregular schedules, are at a higher risk of strokes, heart attacks and cancer than those who slept fewer hours, but maintained a more consistent schedule. (即使是那些每晚都能稳定睡7到8个小时，但作息时间不规律的人，相比那些睡眠时间更少但作息更规律的人，患中风、心脏病和癌症的风险也更高)”形成逻辑衔接，E项“研究表明，睡眠规律性是死亡风险的更强预测因素”符合语境。故选E。 3．后文“The findings of the study show that those who got under six hours of sleep, or over nine, each night were at an increased risk, too. (研究结果显示，每晚睡眠不足6小时或超过9小时的人，风险也会增加)”说明睡眠时长过长或过短的风险，空处应引出这一话题，D项“这并不是说你每晚只需要睡几个小时”符合语境，与后文形成转折关系。故选D。 4．前文“Researchers analyzed sleep data from almost 61,000 people in the UK Biobank, a biomedical database tracking the health of half a million people in the UK. (研究人员分析了英国生物银行近6.1万人的睡眠数据，该数据库是一个追踪英国50万人健康状况的生物医学数据库)”可知，空处应进一步说明数据分析的规模或方法，C项“他们总共检查了超过1000万小时的睡眠记录”符合语境，补充说明研究的数据量。故选C。 5．根据后文“Given the risks, they believe advice should focus not just on getting enough sleep, but on maintaining a regular schedule for better overall health. (鉴于这些风险，他们认为建议不仅应关注充足睡眠，还应关注保持规律的作息以促进整体健康)”可知，空处应体现研究者的建议或希望，G项“研究人员希望这些发现能帮助更新公共卫生指南”符合语境，与后文形成逻辑衔接。故选G。 Passage 4 （23-24高二下·江苏南京·期末） You know exercise is good for you, but do you know how good? It will help you feel better, have more energy and even add years to your life. 1 . Need more convincing to get moving? Check out these ways that exercise can lead to a happier, healthier you. Exercise controls weight. Exercise can help prevent too much weight gain or help maintain weight loss. When you take part in physical activity, you burn calories. Going to the gym regularly is indeed great,   1 . You can just get more active throughout your day. For example, take the stairs instead of the lift or speed up your housework. Consistency is key. Exercise improves mood. Need to be happy? Or need to lower stress after a stressful day? A gym session or quick walk can help. 1 . You also may feel better about your appearance and yourself when you exercise regularly, which can boost your confidence and improve your self-worth. 2 . Regular physical activity can improve your muscle strength and boost your tolerance. Exercise sends oxygen and nutrients to your tissues and helps your cardiovascular (心血管的) system work more efficiently. And when your heart and lung health improve, you have more energy to tackle daily chores. Exercise can be fun and social. Exercise and physical activity can be fun: They give you a chance to enjoy the outdoors or simply do activities that make you happy. 1 . So take a dance class, go for a swim or join a soccer team. Find a physical activity you enjoy, and just do it. A．Exercise boosts energy B．Exercise prevents high blood pressure C．Exercise can also help you connect with friends and neighbors D．Everyone benefits from exercise, no matter their age, sex or physical ability E．but don’t worry if you can’t find a large amount of time to do it every day F．It is advised to take different kinds of exercise to keep fit G．Physical activity stimulates brain chemicals that may leave you feeling happier 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．G 4．A 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些体育运动的好处。 1．根据上文“You know exercise is good for you, but do you know how good? It will help you feel better, have more energy and even add years to your life.(你知道运动对你有好处，但你知道有多好吗？它会让你感觉更好，更有活力，甚至延长你的寿命)”可知，本句承接上文，说明运动的好处。故D选项“每个人都能从运动中受益，无论他们的年龄、性别或体能如何”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据上文“Going to the gym regularly is indeed great (经常去健身房确实很棒)”以及后文“You can just get more active throughout your day. For example, take the stairs instead of the lift or speed up your housework. Consistency is key.(你可以在一天中变得更加活跃。例如，走楼梯而不是电梯，或者加快做家务的速度。坚持是关键)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，后文主要说明了通过日常活动来锻炼，说明不需要经常去健身房也没关系。故E选项“但是如果你每天找不到大量的时间来做这件事，也不要担心”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据上文“Need to be happy? Or need to lower stress after a stressful day? A gym session or quick walk can help.(想要快乐吗？或者在紧张的一天后需要减轻压力?健身或快速散步会有所帮助)”可知，本句承接上文，说明体育活动会让人更加快乐。故G选项“体育活动会刺激大脑中的化学物质，让你感觉更快乐”符合语境，故选G。 4．根据本段内容“Regular physical activity can improve your muscle strength and boost your tolerance. Exercise sends oxygen and nutrients to your tissues and helps your cardiovascular (心血管的) system work more efficiently. And when your heart and lung health improve, you have more energy to tackle daily chores.(有规律的体育锻炼可以增强你的肌肉力量，增强你的耐受力。运动将氧气和营养输送到你的组织，帮助你的心血管系统更有效地工作。当你的心脏和肺部健康状况改善时，你就有更多的精力来处理日常琐事)”可知，本段主要说明了运动可以增强身体素质，提高人的精力来处理日常琐事。故A选项“运动增强能量”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据标题“Exercise can be fun and social.(锻炼可以是有趣的和社交的)”以及上文“Exercise and physical activity can be fun: They give you a chance to enjoy the outdoors or simply do activities that make you happy.(锻炼和体育活动可以很有趣：它们给你一个享受户外活动的机会，或者只是做一些让你快乐的活动)”可知，上文提到了锻炼可以让人快乐，推测本句承接上文，继续说明锻炼对社交的帮助。故C选项“锻炼还可以帮助你与朋友和邻居建立联系”符合语境，故选C。 主题02 人与社会——哲理感悟 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·江苏淮安·期末） A reader has recently asked me how to face the uncertainty about the future without fear. It’s a great question because the fear visits us all. 1 Worse still, it can keep us holding onto things that are hurting us. But why does uncertainty scare us in the first place? The answer is we are comfortable in the cocoon (茧) we’ve built up — our possessions and people and places that we know well. 2 But the problem is not changes themselves but dealing with them. If you’re good at fighting changes, no uncertainty will frighten you. Here is what works for me. 3 New things can be scary because we may fall on our faces. So try something with no real risk, like learning to balance on a rope close to the ground or listening to a language-learning podcast. It is not as scary but will still boost your confidence in trying new things. Prepare a change toolset. Learn how to cope with changes, whatever they are. Develop skills with which you can get a job or start a new business. Have friends and family you can depend on. 4 A toolset like this will give you confidence to handle almost all changes. When you mess up, don’t see it as painful failure. The word “failure” is associated with negative things. Instead, start to look at “messing up” positively. 5 Try the above tips, and you will learn to embrace change and create new things that you have been afraid of creating. A．Add thrilling adventures to your daily life. B．Have a go at something new, but small and safe. C．But there is no need to worry about what hasn’t come. D．See it as the only way to learn, advance, and succeed. E．Losing this familiar environment in life changes is scary. F．If left undealt with, it can stop us from doing great things. G．Learn ways to bond with strangers and survive on little. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．B 4．G 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕如何无畏面对未来的不确定性展开，介绍了尝试新事物、准备应对工具、正确看待失误等应对方法。 1．上文“A reader has recently asked me how to face the uncertainty about the future without fear. It’s a great question because the fear visits us all.(最近有读者问我如何无畏地面对未来的不确定性。这是个好问题，因为这种恐惧我们都有)”提到对未来不确定性的恐惧，F选项“If left undealt with, it can stop us from doing great things.(如果不加以处理，它会阻止我们做伟大的事情)”承接上文，进一步说明这种恐惧若不处理会带来的后果，且与下文“Worse still, it can keep us holding onto things that are hurting us.(更糟糕的是，它会让我们执着于伤害我们的事情)”构成递进关系。故选F项。 2．上文“The answer is we are comfortable in the cocoon (茧) we’ve built up — our possessions and people and places that we know well.(答案是我们在自己搭建的茧里很舒适——我们熟悉的财产、人和地方)”强调我们习惯熟悉的环境，E选项“Losing this familiar environment in life changes is scary.(在生活的变化中失去这个熟悉的环境是可怕的)”与上文衔接紧密，说明失去熟悉环境会令人害怕，解释了不确定性让人恐惧的原因。故选E项。 3．下文“New things can be scary because we may fall on our faces. So try something with no real risk, like learning to balance on a rope close to the ground or listening to a language learning podcast.(新事物可能很可怕，因为我们可能会摔倒。所以尝试一些没有真正风险的事情，比如在靠近地面的绳子上学习保持平衡或听语言学习播客)”建议尝试低风险的新事物，B选项“Have a go at something new, but small and safe.(尝试一些新的、小而安全的事情)”与下文内容相符，引出下文具体的建议。故选B项。 4．上文“Prepare a change toolset. Learn how to cope with changes, whatever they are. Develop skills with which you can get a job or start a new business. Have friends and family you can depend on.(准备一套应对变化的工具。学习如何应对各种变化。培养能让你找到工作或创业的技能。拥有可以依靠的朋友和家人)”列举了应对变化的准备事项，G选项“Learn ways to bond with strangers and survive on little.(学习与陌生人建立联系并靠少量资源生存的方法)”也是应对变化所需的技能，补充完善了应对变化的工具集，且与下文“A toolset like this will give you confidence to handle almost all changes.(这样一套工具会让你有信心应对几乎所有的变化)”相呼应。故选G项。 5．上文“When you mess up, don’t see it as painful failure. The word “failure” is associated with negative things. Instead, start to look at “messing up” positively.(当你搞砸事情时，不要把它看成痛苦的失败。“失败”这个词与消极的事情相关。相反，开始积极看待“搞砸”这件事)”建议积极看待搞砸的事情，D选项“See it as the only way to learn, advance, and succeed.(把它看作学习、进步和成功的唯一途径)”进一步阐述了积极看待搞砸事情的方式，即把它视为成长的途径。故选D项。 Passage 2 （23-24高二下·江苏镇江·期末） What does life purpose mean and, more importantly, how does one find and fulfill it? It has been a long journey getting to this point, and here is what I have learned so far along the way. 1 Your life purpose is not something you can define today, nor is it something you will ever fully know or accomplish during your lifetime. 2 Then we can say, “This is what that person’s life meant.” Play to your strengths. 3 You were born with certain natural talents and abilities — use them. Develop your natural talents into skills by studying and practicing those talents. There is nothing wrong with trying to learn new things, but the likelihood is that you were born with the abilities needed to fulfill your life purpose. Pursue your passions. For whatever reason, we all feel passionate about certain things in life. In order to live your life purpose, you must become completely immersed in whatever it is, which means it must be something you are passionate about. 4 That way, it will be impossible to perform at the highest level. Focus on what you can control. If there is one lesson I have lived repeatedly in my life, it is that there is only one thing you can control: yourself. No matter how hard you try, you absolutely cannot control the results of your actions. All that we can do in life is put forth our best efforts. 5 A．Embrace your life. B．You are not capable of being all things to all people. C．After all, opportunities always favor the prepared mind. D．Remember your life purpose is a journey, not a destination. E．Only when your life has ended, will we have the full picture of it F．The path to living your purpose is paved with continual self-improvement. G．Otherwise, you will be doing something that ultimately makes you miserable. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．B 4．G 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者对如何寻找并实现人生目标的思考与建议。 1．由上文“Your life purpose is not something you can define today, nor is it something you will ever fully know or accomplish during your lifetime. (你的人生目标不是今天就能定义的，也不是你一生中能完全了解或实现的。)”可知，此处需说明人生目标的本质是动态的、持续的过程。D项“Remember your life purpose is a journey, not a destination. (记住，你的人生目标是一场旅程，而非终点。)”中“journey, not a destination”与上文“nor is it something you will ever fully know or accomplish”形成呼应，强调目标需通过长期探索实现。故选D项。 2．由上文“Your life purpose is not something you can define today, nor is it something you will ever fully know or accomplish during your lifetime. (你的人生目标不是今天就能定义的，也不是你一生中能完全了解或实现的。)”及下文“Then we can say, ‘This is what that person’s life meant.’ (那时我们才能说：‘这就是那个人人生的意义。’)”可知，此处需说明何时能完整理解人生目标。E项“Only when your life has ended, will we have the full picture of it (只有当生命结束时，我们才能看清它的全貌)”中“Only when your life has ended”与下文“Then”形成时间上的递进，符合逻辑。故选E项。 3．由下文“You were born with certain natural talents and abilities — use them. (你天生具有某些天赋和能力——去运用它们。)”可知，此处需强调发挥个人优势的重要性。B项“You are not capable of being all things to all people. (你不可能取悦所有人。)”中“not capable of being all things”与下文“born with certain natural talents”形成对比，暗示应聚焦自身特长而非盲目迎合他人，符合逻辑。故选B项。 4．由上文“In order to live your life purpose, you must become completely immersed in whatever it is, which means it must be something you are passionate about. (为了实现人生目标，你必须全身心投入其中，这意味着它必须是你热爱的事物。)”及下文“That way, it will be impossible to perform at the highest level. (那样的话，就不可能达到最高水平。)”可知，此处需说明违背热情的后果。G项“Otherwise, you will be doing something that ultimately makes you miserable. (否则，你最终会做让自己痛苦的事。)”中“Otherwise”与上文“it must be something you are passionate about”形成条件对立，“makes you miserable”与下文“impossible to perform at the highest level”共同说明缺乏热情的负面影响。故选G项。 5．由上文“All that we can do in life is put forth our best efforts. (我们一生中能做的就是全力以赴。)”可知，此处需总结行动与结果的关系。C项“After all, opportunities always favor the prepared mind .(毕竟，机会总是青睐有准备的人。)”中“After all”承接上文，强调尽管结果不可控，但通过“put forth best efforts”（即“有准备”）仍可能抓住机会，符合逻辑。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·江苏常州·期末） Have you ever experienced a situation in your life where you are waiting for a good time to do something very significant? 1 In reality, however, waiting for the right time can often mean waiting forever. 2 It is a popular practice around the world, as many assume a good starting date is the ideal time for change. Yet, within weeks or some months, these promises are off the table. Why? It’s not the date that matters. It’s the mindset that there is a perfect time to begin. Often, the search for the perfect time is about feeling ready. We tell ourselves we’ll start when we’re more motivated, better prepared, or less busy. 3 There will always be distractions, challenges, and reasons to delay. Trying to find the right moment is like looking for rain in a rainbow — the longer you waits, the farther it seems to get. The truth is there is no right time to initiate anything. As soon as you start something, that is the right time, and every second afterward is another chance for development. The moment you take action, you’re already ahead of where you were before, building confidence along the way. Start that exercise routine with a ten-minute walk. Begin studying by reading one chapter. 4 Perfect conditions aren’t necessary; progress is what matters. When you take action, you send a powerful message to yourself: your goals are worth it, and so are you. You’ll soon discover that each step opens doors to new opportunities, support, and growth. So if there’s a goal you’ve been putting off, stop waiting. Start today. Start now. 5 It’s this very moment, right here, right now. And as you move forward, you’ll find things fall into place as it’s meant to be. A．It’s best to wait for the perfect moment. B．New Year’s resolutions are a perfect example. C．Pursue your dreams by doing one small thing today. D．But life rarely provides a perfect set of circumstances. E．The perfect time for it isn’t some distant day in the future. F．You have to have it all figured out to start making progress. G．We often tell ourselves that tomorrow will be better than today. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了关于等待“完美时机”去做重要事情的普遍心理，并通过分析指出实际上并不存在所谓的“完美时机”，鼓励人们立即采取行动，通过每一步的努力来追求自己的目标和梦想。 1．根据上文“Have you ever experienced a situation in your life where you are waiting for a good time to do something very significant?(是否曾在生活中遇到过这样的情况：一直在等待一个绝佳时机，去做一件意义非凡的事？)”可知，上文询问是否有过等待合适时机做重要事情的经历。选项G“We often tell ourselves that tomorrow will be better than today.(我们常常告诉自己明天会比今天好)”进一步阐述了人们等待合适时机时的心理，符合语境。故选G。 2．根据下文“It is a popular practice around the world, as many assume a good starting date is the ideal time for change. Yet, within weeks or some months, these promises are off the table. Why? It’s not the date that matters. It’s the mindset that there is a perfect time to begin.(这在世界各地都是一种普遍的做法，因为许多人认为一个好的起始日期是做出改变的理想时机。然而，几周或几个月内，这些决心就被抛诸脑后了。为什么呢？重要的并非日期，而是认为存在一个完美开端的这种心态)”中的“these promises are off the table”以及“a good starting date is the ideal time for change”，并结合常识，新年决心通常是人们在新的一年开始时许下的承诺，且新年是一个新的开始日期。选项B“New Year’s resolutions are a perfect example.(新年决心就是一个很好的例子)”符合语境，引出下文对这种等待合适时机开始做事却常失败的例子阐述。故选B。 3．上文“Often, the search for the perfect time is about feeling ready. We tell ourselves we’ll start when we’re more motivated, better prepared, or less busy.(通常，寻找完美时机往往是为了让自己感觉 “准备好了”。我们会告诉自己，等更有动力、准备更充分或者没那么忙的时候就开始)”提到人们会找各种理由等待合适时机，如更有动力、准备更充分或不那么忙的时候；而后文指出“There will always be distractions, challenges, and reasons to delay.(总会有干扰因素、挑战以及拖延的理由)”生活中很难有完美的情况。选项D“But life rarely provides a perfect set of circumstances.(但生活很少提供完美的环境)”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选D。 4．上文“Start that exercise routine with a ten-minute walk. Begin studying by reading one chapter.(从十分钟的散步开始日常锻炼。从阅读一个章节开启学习之旅)”列举了开始行动的具体例子。选项C“Pursue your dreams by doing one small thing today.(通过今天做一件小事来追求你的梦想)”进一步强调通过做小事开始行动，与前文呼应。故选C。 5．根据下文“It’s this very moment, right here, right now. And as you move forward, you’ll find things fall into place as it’s meant to be.(就是此时此刻，就在这里，就是现在。当你向前迈进时，你会发现一切都会自然而然地步入正轨)”可知，下文强调现在就是合适的时机。选项E“The perfect time for it isn’t some distant day in the future.(合适的时机不是未来某个遥远的日子)”与之相呼应，表明不要等待未来的完美时机，现在就行动。故选E。 Passage 4 （23-24高二下·江苏淮安·期末） How to Stay Positive around Negative People A positive attitude benefits your physical and mental health. However, it can be difficult to maintain a positive attitude when other people are negative. The best way is to be yourself and to form a flexible mindset. 1 ●Be in charge of your attitude. The first step is to remember that no one can make you feel bad without your permission. 2 You should remind yourself of it frequently when you are under the influence of negative people. Moreover, taking a quick walk is a good way you can maintain your positive attitude. 3 If all your attention is on the negative person, you’ll be more likely to be caught in their negativity. Pay attention to what you do, and you’ll create a distance between yourself and the other person. After all, you hardly change them, but yourself. Your priority is to maintain your own happiness. ● Use mottos or phrases. Repeating a motto or a phrase to yourself can help you remain positive. 4 Some people find mottos from classic literature, while others prefer well-known phrases from religious beliefs. An example of a motto might be: “Nothing is impossible to a willing heart,” or the Buddhist,“ Om mani padme hum.” ● Set social boundaries. 5 Then, you have to learn to say no to them, or you can’t have a life of your own. Even staying with negative people, try to make sure you’re meeting in a group rather than just the two of you. If you’re friends on social media, unfollowing the posts of the negative person is one way to minimize your contact with the person. A．Focus on yourself. B．Transform others’ attitude. C．It is meaningful and highly individual to each person. D．It is important to sympathize the negative people. E．You can use the following advice to help you do this. F．Be aware of the things or people that threaten your positivity. G．Avoid falling into the trap of feeling like a victim of someone’s bad attitude. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何在消极的人身边保持积极。 1．根据上文“A positive attitude benefits your physical and mental health. However, it can be difficult to maintain a positive attitude when other people are negative. The best way is to be yourself and to form a flexible mindset.(积极的态度有利于你的身心健康。然而，当别人都很消极的时候，你很难保持积极的态度。最好的方法就是做你自己，形成一个灵活的心态)”可知，后文主要介绍了一些保持积极态度的方法，可知本句启示后文。故E选项“你可以使用下面的建议来帮助你做到这一点”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据上文“●Be in charge of your attitude. The first step is to remember that no one can make you feel bad without your permission.(●对自己的态度负责。第一步是要记住，没有你的允许，没有人能让你感觉不好)”以及后文“You should remind yourself of it frequently when you are under the influence of negative people.(当你受到消极的人的影响时，你应该经常提醒自己)”可知，本段主要说明了不要为他人而影响对自己的积极态度。G故选项“避免陷入感觉自己是他人不良态度的受害者的陷阱”符合语境，故选G。 3．根据后文“If all your attention is on the negative person, you’ll be more likely to be caught in their negativity. Pay attention to what you do, and you’ll create a distance between yourself and the other person. After all, you hardly change them, but yourself. Your priority is to maintain your own happiness.(如果你所有的注意力都在消极的人身上，你就更有可能陷入他们的消极情绪中。注意你在做什么，你会在你和别人之间制造距离。毕竟，你改变的不是别人，而是你自己。你的首要任务是保持自己的幸福)”可知，本段的主旨是关注自己，A选项Focus on对应后文Pay attention to。故A选项“关注自己”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据上文“Repeating a motto or a phrase to yourself can help you remain positive.(对自己重复一句座右铭或一句话可以帮助你保持积极)”可知，本句承接上文，说明座右铭或一句话的好处。故C选项“它是有意义的，对每个人来说都是高度个性化的”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据后文“Then, you have to learn to say no to them, or you can’t have a life of your own. Even staying with negative people, try to make sure you’re meeting in a group rather than just the two of you. If you’re friends on social media, unfollowing the posts of the negative person is one way to minimize your contact with the person.(然后，你必须学会对他们说不，否则你就无法拥有自己的生活。即使和消极的人呆在一起，也要确保你们是在一个群体中会面，而不是只有你们两个。如果你们是社交媒体上的朋友，取消关注消极的人的帖子是减少与他接触的一种方法)”可知，后文主要说明了取消关注消极的人，即注意会威胁到积极性的人或事。故F选项“注意那些威胁你积极性的人或事”符合语境，故选F。 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·江苏南京·期末） Pets Make Our Lives Better Pets bring more than just companionship — they offer many surprising benefits that can enrich our lives. Here are reasons why we are right to embrace our pet friends in life. Pets offer a comforting presence, especially during stressful or challenging times. 1 They can offer unconditional support and a safe space to express feelings. Their calming effect helps owners manage stress and creates a sense of comfort and stability in difficult moments. 2 Pet owners must ensure their animals receive proper care, including feeding, cleaning, and regular check-ups. This daily commitment teaches us time management and organization, and it helps develop empathy and the understanding that another life depends on our actions, making pet ownership a valuable learning experience. Pets provide a perfect excuse to get out and keep active — whether it’s a jog through the woods with a dog or just a quick walk to pick up some cat food. Researches show that older adults who own a dog have a lower body mass index (BMI), make fewer visits to the doctor and do more exercise. 3 Pet waking is a great way of socializing. 4 Running into the same dog walkers frequently provides a chance to build up friendships. So not only can pets make our lives happier by being great companions, but they can help us find human companions too! In conclusion, owning a pet can be a rewarding experience that enriches our lives. 5 Imagine the joy of having a loyal companion waiting at home. Their company turns houses into homes filled with love and precious memories. A．We’re inviting love and joy into our lives. B．Owning a pet can enhance our feeling of security. C．So make the most of owning a pet and get outdoors. D．Owning a pet develops a strong sense of responsibility. E．Pets also need to socialize, which is good for their health. F．Their companionship helps reduce anxiety, loneliness, and emotional tension. G．Pets can be fantastic ice-breakers and help start conversations with fellow owners. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．C 4．G 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了宠物给我们生活带来的诸多益处，包括提供安慰、增强责任感、促进社交和增加户外活动。 1．上文“Pets offer a comforting presence, especially during stressful or challenging times. (宠物能带来令人安心的陪伴，尤其是在压力大或充满挑战的时刻。)”说明宠物在压力大或困难时期能带来安慰，空处承接上文，具体说明这种安慰如何体现，F选项“它们的陪伴有助于减少焦虑、孤独和情绪紧张”符合语境，进一步解释了宠物陪伴在缓解情绪方面的作用。故选F。 2．下文“Pet owners must ensure their animals receive proper care, including feeding, cleaning, and regular check-ups. This daily commitment teaches us time management and organization, and it helps develop empathy and the understanding that another life depends on our actions, making pet ownership a valuable learning experience. (宠物主人必须确保他们的动物得到适当的照顾，包括喂食、清洁和定期检查。这种日常的责任教我们时间管理和组织能力，并且有助于培养同理心，以及理解另一个生命依赖于我们的行为，使养宠物成为一种有价值的学习经历。)”说明养宠物需要承担照顾动物的责任，并能培养相关能力，D项“养宠物能培养强烈的责任感”适合作本段主旨句，引出下文对责任具体体现的阐述。故选D。 3．上文“Pets provide a perfect excuse to get out and keep active — whether it’s a jog through the woods with a dog or just a quick walk to pick up some cat food. Researches show that older adults who own a dog have a lower body mass index (BMI), make fewer visits to the doctor and do more exercise. (宠物为外出活动和保持活力提供了完美的理由——无论是和狗狗一起在树林里慢跑，还是快速步行去买些猫粮。研究表明，养狗的老年人身体质量指数（BMI）更低，看医生的次数更少，运动也更多。)”说明宠物能促使人们外出活动，且有研究支持这一观点，C项“所以充分利用养宠物的机会，到户外去”承接上文，基于前文论述提出建议，逻辑连贯。故选C。 4．上文“Pet waking is a great way of socializing. (遛宠物是社交的好方法)”说明遛宠物与社交的关联，空处进一步解释这种社交如何实现，G选项“宠物可以成为极好的破冰者，帮助与其他宠物主人开启对话”符合语境，具体说明宠物在社交中作为“破冰者”的作用，且与下文遇到相同遛狗者的场景呼应。故选G。 5．上文“In conclusion, owning a pet can be a rewarding experience that enriches our lives. (总之，养宠物是一种有益的经历，可以丰富我们的生活)”为总结句，说明养宠物的积极影响，空处需进一步升华主题，呼应下文“Imagine the joy of having a loyal companion waiting at home. Their company turns houses into homes filled with love and precious memories.(想象一下，有一个忠诚的伴侣在家等你的快乐。他们的公司把房子变成了充满爱和珍贵回忆的家。)”对宠物带来情感价值的描述，A选项“我们正在把爱和快乐引入我们的生活”符合语境，既总结了宠物带来的积极影响，又与下文“忠诚伴侣的等待”“充满爱和珍贵回忆的家”形成情感上的衔接。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·江苏徐州·期末） Remember the last time you bought a new tech gadget (小型产品), say, a smart phone? You likely bought it because you heard good things about it from friends. It makes sense. Decades of research have shown how positive word-of-mouth can lead consumers to buy a product. 1 We found that the more people had heard others talking about their new product, the more worried and anxious they felt about using it. What’s more, the more worried and anxious they felt, the more cautious they were in using their new product. 2 Thus these less satisfied consumers were more likely to spread negative word-of-mouth. 3 It all comes down to social pressure. As consumers hear more “This app is awesome!!” from others about a new product, it makes them both more likely to buy and more likely to worry that they won’t be able to use the app as well as other people. 4 This worry and caution makes them less likely to fully explore and learn the app, making their experience with the app less positive overall. So how can companies maintain the benefits of positive word-of-mouth but avoid the downsides we observe? One possible answer is to avoid emphasizing performance and competence in their advertising. 5 Also sharing stories about learning and exploring while using a new product, and even about temporary failures, could lessen the pressure to perform, and help consumers successfully and happily use their new products. A．The caution led to lower levels of satisfaction. B．This will make consumers order more cautiously. C．How will word-of-mouth influence future purchase? D．Will they be able to experience its full awesomeness? E．However, our study identified some potential downsides. F．Why does hearing positive word-of-mouth have downsides? G．Encourage consumers spreading word-of-mouth to do the same. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了正面口碑的负面影响，以及如何在保持正面口碑好处的同时避免负面影响。 1．上文“Decades of research have shown how positive word-of-mouth can lead consumers to buy a product.(几十年的研究表明，正面的口碑是如何引导消费者购买产品的)”提到正面口碑的作用，下一段首句“We found that the more people had heard others talking about their new product, the more worried and anxious they felt about using it.(我们发现，人们听到别人谈论他们的新产品越多，他们对使用它就越担心和焦虑)”描述了其负面影响，故空处应是出现转折，引出下文内容，E项“然而，我们的研究发现了一些潜在的缺点”符合语境，故选E。 2．上文“We found that the more people had heard others talking about their new product, the more worried and anxious they felt about using it. What’s more, the more worried and anxious they felt, the more cautious they were in using their new product.(我们发现，人们听到别人谈论他们的新产品越多，他们对使用它就越担心和焦虑。更重要的是，他们越是感到担心和焦虑，他们在使用新产品时就越谨慎)”提到产品的正面口碑会导致人们产生负面情绪，从而使用新产品时会更加谨慎，下文“Thus these less satisfied consumers were more likely to spread negative word-of-mouth.(因此，这些不太满意的消费者更有可能传播负面的口碑)”提到“这些不太满意的消费者”，所以空处应是提到人们产生的负面情绪以及谨慎会导致他们不满意，A项“这会导致满意度降低”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据下文“It all comes down to social pressure. As consumers hear more ‘This app is awesome!!’ from others about a new product, it makes them both more likely to buy and more likely to worry that they won’t be able to use the app as well as other people.(这一切都归结于社会压力。当消费者听到更多‘这个应用太棒了！！’，这会让他们更有可能购买，也更有可能担心自己不能像其他人一样使用该应用程序)”可知，本段是说正面的口碑更有可能让人产生担忧，F项“为什么听到正面的口碑会有负面影响？”适合作为本段主旨句，下文是回答该问题，故选F。 4．根据上文“As consumers hear more ‘This app is awesome!!’ from others about a new product, it makes them both more likely to buy and more likely to worry that they won’t be able to use the app as well as other people.(当消费者听到更多‘这个应用太棒了！！’，这会让他们更有可能购买，也更有可能担心自己不能像其他人一样使用该应用程序)”和下文“This worry and caution makes them less likely to fully explore and learn the app(这种担心和谨慎使他们不太可能充分探索和学习应用)”可知，正面的口碑会使人们担心自己不能像其他人一样充分使用该应用程序，D项“他们能体验到它的全部精彩吗？”符合语境，故选D。 5．上文“One possible answer is to avoid emphasizing performance and competence in their advertising.(一个可能的答案是避免在广告中强调性能和能力)”提到公司应该避免在广告中强调性能和能力，G项“鼓励通过口碑传播的消费者也这样做”强调消费者的正确做法，G项中“to do the same”呼应上文“to avoid emphasizing performance and competence in their advertising.”，故选G。 主题01 人与自然——人与动植物 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·江苏淮安·期末） Looking for a way to connect with nature but you’re not sure how to when you live in the city? Here are a few ways to live in harmony with nature and reduce your pressure. ◆Go on a wildlife walk. There’s lots of urban wildlife for you to discover, so you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information. 1 A wildlife walk is one of the easiest ways to connect with nature because it helps you to realize that you’ re surrounded by nature. ◆ 2 Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes. This very direct connection with nature will make you realize that you’re part of the huge world, helping you to relax and feel calmer. ◆Attract nature yourself. One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you. 1 You can also fill some tubs (盆) with flowers to attract butterflies. Create a friendly place for nature and you’re sure to attract all kinds of beings passing close to your home. ◆Create a small garden. Plants and flowers are part of nature as well and even the tiniest amount of space can be turned into a beautiful garden. If you’ve got a balcony, fill it with pots full of flowers. 1 Imagine how satisfying it would be to share them with your friends and family. Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable lifestyle in a big city. 2 A．Have a walk in a park. B．Take off your shoes and walk barefoot. C．You can grow your own vegetables on it as well. D．It’s a different way of experiencing nature and helping you to enjoy it. E．You can put a bird feeder on your balcony (阳台) or by your window. F．Meantime, this is a good method of improving your health and well-being. G．They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．E 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在城市中与自然和谐相处并减轻压力的方法。 1．根据上文“There’s lots of urban wildlife for you to discover, so you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information. (有很多城市野生动物等待你去发现，所以你可以联系你所在城市的公园部门，获取一些有价值的信息)”可知，此处建议联系城市公园部门获取信息，G项“他们经常提供有导游的步行活动，帮助你欣赏城市中的自然美景”承接上文，说明联系城市公园部门的好处，符合语境。故选G。 2．空处为小标题，根据下文“Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes. (没有什么比在草地上赤脚走上几分钟更能让你感受到与大地的紧密联系了)”可知，本段主要讲述的是赤脚在草地上行走，B项“脱掉鞋子，赤脚行走”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据上文“One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you. (与自然建立联系的最佳方式之一就是让自然来到你身边。)”以及下文“You can also fill some tubs (盆) with flowers to attract butterflies. (你也可以在盆里种满花来吸引蝴蝶)”可知，此处建议吸引自然来到身边，E项“你可以在阳台上或窗户旁边放一个喂鸟器”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据上文“Plants and flowers are part of nature as well and even the tiniest amount of space can be turned into a beautiful garden. If you’ve got a balcony, fill it with pots full of flowers. (植物和花朵也是自然的一部分，即使是最小的空间也可以变成一个美丽的花园。如果你有一个阳台，就把它摆满装满花的盆)”可知，此处建议利用阳台空间种植植物，C项“你也可以在上面种植自己的蔬菜”承接上文，说明还可以在阳台上种植蔬菜，符合语境。故选C。 5．根据上文“Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable lifestyle in a big city. (使用这些建议，在大城市中与自然建立联系，过上更舒适的生活)”可知，此处总结上文，说明使用这些建议的好处，F项“同时，这是改善你的健康和福祉的好方法”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·江苏南京·期末） There’s a belief that it is inadvisable to have plants in the bedroom. The concern is about how plants breathe. While plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the day, at night this is the opposite. 1 But to tell whether sharing our bedroom with our plants is a risk to health, we have to consider three things. 2 This is tricky to answer as it depends on everything from species to light levels and even room temperature, Also, there’s not much research on the exact measurements in indoor settings. Thankfully, in 2015, researchers at Turkey’s Kastamonu University found that houseplants like ficus (榕树) and yuccas (丝兰), when sealed (密封) in glass boxes, absorb between six and eight times as much CO2 in the day as they emit at night. This results in a significant net reduction over a full day. Secondly, we should compare the impact of plants on air quality with that of other potential competitors, such as a partner, A single human breath contains around 40,000 ppm of CO2, more than 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8 hours. 3 Also, consider this. Indoor plants grow in less light than they would ideally get in nature. So, they photosynthesize (光合作用) at a lower rate. This further reduces their impact on air quality. Finally, it is obvious that we don’t live in the sealed boxes in which these studies are carried out. 4 Even our movements can influence its flow. In conclusion, the plant effect in our homes is very small in many ways. 5 If sleeping near plants were bad for your health, camping in a forest would be definitely deadly. A．Firstly, how do plants breathe at night? B．So enjoy houseplants whenever you like. C．Firstly, do plants emit more CO2 at night? D．Camping can be a good escape if you are worried. E．This means they compete with us for air when we sleep. F．Indoor air is constantly exchanged through doors and windows. G．So you might want to send your partner away before your plants. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．G 4．F 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就植物晚上是否会影响人类的问题进行了解释说明。 1．根据上文“There’s a belief that it is inadvisable to have plants in the bedroom. The concern is about how plants breathe. While plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the day, at night this is the opposite.(有一种观点认为卧室里不宜种植植物。人们担心的是植物如何呼吸。白天，植物吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气，而到了晚上，情况却恰恰相反)”可知，上文提到植物晚上需要氧气，呼出二氧化碳。由此可知，本句是说明植物晚上对人的影响。故E选项“这意味着它们在我们睡觉时与我们争夺空气”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据后文“This is tricky to answer as it depends on everything from species to light levels and even room temperature, Also, there’s not much research on the exact measurements in indoor settings. Thankfully, in 2015, researchers at Turkey’s Kastamonu University found that houseplants like ficus (榕树) and yuccas (丝兰), when sealed (密封) in glass boxes, absorb between six and eight times as much CO2 in the day as they emit at night. This results in a significant net reduction over a full day.(这个问题很难回答，因为它取决于各种因素，从物种到光照水平，甚至是室温。此外，关于室内环境中精确测量的研究也不多。值得庆幸的是，2015年，土耳其Kastamonu大学的研究人员发现，榕树和丝兰等室内植物被密封在玻璃盒中，白天吸收的二氧化碳是夜间排放的6到8倍。这导致在一整天中显著的净减少)”可知，本段主要介绍了关于植物夜间排放二氧化碳量多少的研究，故C选项“首先，植物在夜间排放更多的二氧化碳吗？”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据上文“Secondly, we should compare the impact of plants on air quality with that of other potential competitors, such as a partner, A single human breath contains around 40,000 ppm of CO2, more than 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8 hours.(其次，我们应该比较植物对空气质量的影响与其他潜在的竞争对手，如合作伙伴，一个人的呼吸含有大约40000 ppm的二氧化碳，比植物在8小时内产生的影响的10倍还多)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出伴侣对人的影响比植物更大。故G选项“所以你可能想在你的植物之前把你的伴侣打发走”符合语境，故选G。 4．根据上文“Finally, it is obvious that we don’t live in the sealed boxes in which these studies are carried out.(最后，很明显，我们并不是生活在进行这些研究的封闭盒子里)”可知，本句承接上文，说明不是生活在封闭盒子中的原因是存在气体交换的通道，故F选项“室内空气通过门窗不断交换”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据上文“In conclusion, the plant effect in our homes is very small in many ways.(总之，在很多方面，我们家中的植物效应是非常小的)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出植物对人的影响小。故B选项“所以只要你喜欢，随时都可以欣赏室内植物”符合语境，故选B。 主题02 人与社会——方法/策略 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·江苏镇江·期末） Potatoes are a fundamental ingredient in many British kitchens. Whether it’s crafting crispy, golden chips akin to French fries, or serving up a plate of flawlessly roasted potatoes with a Sunday roast, the versatility (用途) of potatoes is endless. 1 Discovering that your potatoes have turned soft and begun sprouting (发芽) when you reach into the pack can quickly disturb dinner plans. 2 . While there are numerous suggestions on how to store them, including expert-approved fridge storage, finding spare room in the kitchen can sometimes be problematic.    Therefore, considering other areas in the house where they could be stored for several months might be beneficial. Before you start searching for suitable spots, it’s crucial to first remove the potatoes from the plastic packaging they’re typically sold in. 3 . Instead, opt for a more breathable material like a paper bag, or if you have a large quantity of potatoes, a cardboard box with holes. Once you’ve relocated them, if you’re lacking kitchen storage, a slightly unconventional location endorsed by a gardening expert can keep potatoes fresh for up to four months. Gardening expert Randy Lemmon revealed on his website that the optimal storage environment for potatoes is cool, dark and well-ventilated to prevent mould. 1 . An unoccupied bed serves as an ideal storage spot, ensuring consistent airflow and shielding potatoes from light and other produce like onions, which emit gases that can cause spoilage. While they can be stored for up to four months in this manner, it’s crucial to periodically check for any sprouting or green patches. 2 A．Metal containers can trap moisture and cause potatoes to sprout within a few weeks. B．However, while cooking them might be easy, keeping them fresh can often pose a challenge. C．Discard any spoiled potatoes from the box to maintain the freshness of the remaining ones. D．Contrary to traditional kitchen storage, Randy proposes utilizing your spare room by storing them under an unused bed in shallow boxes. E．Plastic should be avoided at all costs if you’re aiming to prolong the freshness of your potatoes. F．But, when stored correctly, potatoes can remain fresh for up to five months. G．So far, our experts have worked out a few solutions to keeping potatoes fresh. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．E 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些保持土豆新鲜的方法，包括避免使用塑料袋包装、选择通风良好的容器，并推荐了一个非传统的储存地点——将土豆放在床下的浅盒中，同时指出要定期检查以防土豆发芽或变质。 1．根据上文“Whether it’s crafting crispy, golden chips akin to French fries, or serving up a plate of flawlessly roasted potatoes with a Sunday roast, the versatility (用途) of potatoes is endless. (无论是制作类似炸薯条的酥脆、金黄的薯片，还是搭配一盘完美的烤土豆，土豆的用途是无穷无尽的。)”可知，此处提到土豆在英国厨房中的用途广泛，说明土豆的烹饪方法多样且受欢迎。B选项“However, while cooking them might be easy, keeping them fresh can often pose a challenge.( 然而，虽然烹饪它们可能很容易，但保持它们的新鲜往往是一个挑战。)”指出虽然烹饪土豆容易，但保持其新鲜却常常是个挑战，这一转折与上文形成对比，引出了下文关于土豆保鲜的问题。故选B。 2．根据上文“Discovering that your potatoes have turned soft and begun sprouting (发芽) when you reach into the pack can quickly disturb dinner plans.(当你把手伸进包里的时候，发现你的土豆已经变软并开始发芽，这会很快打乱你的晚餐计划。)”可知，发现土豆变软发芽会打乱晚餐计划，说明土豆的保鲜是个重要问题。F选项“But, when stored correctly, potatoes can remain fresh for up to five months.(但是，如果储存得当，土豆可以保持新鲜长达五个月。)”指出如果储存得当，土豆可以保持新鲜长达五个月，这与上文的保鲜问题相呼应，同时提出了一个解决方案，即正确储存土豆可以延长其保鲜期。故选F。 3．根据上文“Before you start searching for suitable spots, it’s crucial to first remove the potatoes from the plastic packaging they’re typically sold in.(在你开始寻找合适的地点之前，首先把土豆从它们通常出售的塑料包装中拿出来是至关重要的。)”可知，在寻找合适的储存地点前，要先将土豆从通常出售的塑料包装中取出。E选项“Plastic should be avoided at all costs if you’re aiming to prolong the freshness of your potatoes.(如果你想延长土豆的新鲜度，就应该不惜一切代价避免使用塑料。)”指出如果想要延长土豆的新鲜度，就必须避免使用塑料，这与上文的“从塑料包装中取出”相呼应，同时强调了避免使用塑料对于保鲜的重要性。故选E。 4．根据上文“Gardening expert Randy Lemmon revealed on his website that the optimal storage environment for potatoes is cool, dark and well-ventilated to prevent mould.( 园艺专家Randy Lemmon在他的网站上透露，土豆的最佳储存环境是凉爽、黑暗和通风良好，以防止发霉。)”可知，园艺专家Randy Lemmon在他的网站上透露，土豆的最佳储存环境是凉爽、黑暗且通风良好的，以防止发霉。D选项“Contrary to traditional kitchen storage, Randy proposes utilizing your spare room by storing them under an unused bed in shallow boxes.( 与传统的厨房储存方式相反，兰迪建议利用你的空余空间，把它们存放在一个没有使用过的床下的浅盒子里。)”指出与传统的厨房储存方式相反，Randy建议利用空闲房间，将土豆放在浅盒子里并放在未使用的床下储存，这与上文的“最佳储存环境”相呼应，同时提出了一个具体的储存建议，即利用空闲房间进行储存。故选D。 5．上文“While they can be stored for up to four months in this manner, it’s crucial to periodically check for any sprouting or green patches. (虽然以这种方式它们可以储存长达四个月，但定期检查任何发芽或绿色斑块是至关重要的。)”提到虽然以这种方式储存土豆可以长达四个月，但定期检查是否有发芽或绿色斑点至关重要。C选项“Discard any spoiled potatoes from the box to maintain the freshness of the remaining ones.(扔掉盒子里变质的土豆，以保持剩余土豆的新鲜。)”指出要从盒子里丢弃任何腐烂的土豆，以保持剩余土豆的新鲜度，这与上文的“定期检查”相呼应，同时强调了处理腐烂土豆对于保持整体新鲜度的重要性。故选C。 Passage 2 （23-24高二下·江苏常州·期末） If you’re living and working in a blame culture, you might have noticed how people are afraid to speak up when things go wrong. They know those in charge will be looking for victims to punish. This applies not only in workplaces but in families and other groups. 1 Group members fear being blamed and this makes them understandably secretive, distrusting and afraid to ask for help. At work, if staff have concerns about mistakes, they’ll tend to stay silent. In situations where people’s health and safety are at risk, this can lead to tragedy. The opposite of a blame culture is psychological safety. In a psychologically safe environment, there’s a sense of shared responsibility when things go wrong or right. Mistakes are seen as a learning opportunity. Team members trust one another, there’s a spirit of openness and people are comfortable asking for help. 2 Your ability to foster such a culture depends on your role. Even if you’re a junior member, you can help by supporting strugglers and seeking help yourself. 3 You could start by being open about your past mistakes and how you’ve learned from them. You could invite others to share their past experiences in a similar way. You could bring this same approach to project discussion (in a family, this could be a conversation about a recent family experience). 4 When it comes to addressing mistakes or shortcomings, give constructive feedback instead of blaming. In workplaces, this could involve exploring ways to improve your team’s processes to prevent future mistakes. For instance, if someone made an embarrassing spelling mistake, perhaps you could introduce a new proofreading step before documents are printed. 5 By embracing this culture, teams can grow stronger and more resilient together. A．The goal is to problem-solve in an open way. B．This boosts job satisfaction and team performance. C．But it’s possible to break free from a blame culture. D．They may miss opportunities to improve processes. E．Ask what went well and what could have gone better. F．Living in such a culture leads to negative consequences. G．But a leader plays a key role in modeling open environments. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．G 4．E 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了指责文化的负面影响，以及心理安全环境的优势，并给出了一些摆脱指责文化、培养积极团队文化的建议。 1．上文“If you’re living and working in a blame culture, you might have noticed how people are afraid to speak up when things go wrong. They know those in charge will be looking for victims to punish. This applies not only in workplaces but in families and other groups. (如果你生活和工作在一种责备文化中，你可能会注意到，当事情出错时，人们害怕说出来。他们知道负责人会寻找受害者来惩罚。这不仅适用于工作场所，也适用于家庭和其他群体)”说明责备文化的特点及其广泛影响，空处承接上文，进一步说明责备文化带来的后果，以及下文“Group members fear being blamed and this makes them understandably secretive, distrusting and afraid to ask for help. (小组成员害怕被指责，因此他们变得隐秘、不信任他人且不敢寻求帮助，这是可以理解的)”可知，具体描述了这些负面后果，F选项“生活在这样的文化中会导致负面后果”符合语境。故选F。 2．上文“In a psychologically safe environment, there’s a sense of shared responsibility when things go wrong or right. Mistakes are seen as a learning opportunity. Team members trust one another, there’s a spirit of openness and people are comfortable asking for help. (在心理安全的环境中，当事情出错或顺利时，会有一种共同的责任感。错误被视为学习的机会。团队成员彼此信任，有一种开放的精神，人们乐于寻求帮助)”描述了心理安全环境的优势，空处应总结这种环境的好处，B选项“这提高了工作满意度和团队表现”符合语境，与上文形成因果关系。故选B。 3．上文“Your ability to foster such a culture depends on your role. Even if you’re a junior member, you can help by supporting strugglers and seeking help yourself. (你培养这种文化的能力取决于你的角色。即使你是一名初级成员，你也可以通过支持挣扎者和自己寻求帮助来提供帮助)”说明不同角色在培养心理安全文化中的作用，空处应进一步补充，尤其是领导者的作用，以及下文“You could start by being open about your past mistakes and how you’ve learned from them. You could invite others to share their past experiences in a similar way. (你可以从坦诚自己过去的错误以及从这些错误中吸取的教训开始。你也可以邀请他人以类似的方式分享他们过去的经历。)”可知，G选项“但领导者在塑造开放环境方面起着关键作用”符合语境，与上文形成对比递进，照应下文。故选G。 4．上文“You could bring this same approach to project discussion (in a family, this could be a conversation about a recent family experience). (你可以将同样的方法应用到项目讨论中（在家庭中，这可能是关于最近家庭经历的对话）)”说明在讨论中应用开放的方法，空处应具体说明如何开展讨论，E选项“询问哪些进展顺利，哪些可以做得更好”符合语境，是开展开放讨论的具体方式。故选E。 5．上文“For instance, if someone made an embarrassing spelling mistake, perhaps you could introduce a new proofreading step before documents are printed. (例如，如果有人犯了一个尴尬的拼写错误，也许你可以在文件打印前引入一个新的校对步骤)”举例说明如何改进流程以避免错误，空处应总结这种做法的目的，A选项“目标是以开放的方式解决问题”符合语境，是对上文的总结。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·江苏南通·期末） Sitting a bad exam can be disheartening. It can be difficult for you students to know how to deal with the situation. Here are the strategies we suggest for students who have just had a bad exam. Let your emotions out. It is important that you deal with and accept the situation, instead of avoiding it. Therefore, letting out your emotions by crying or being angry for a bit can be beneficial. 1 Talking with parents, teachers or friends can help them get through the disappointment of a bad exam. Take time for you. Results day can be overwhelming and bring up a lot of emotions. It’s important to take some time to relax and unwind from it all. Do something you enjoy like taking a walk, reading a book or listening to music. 2 Putting pen to paper can help you take a step back and gain perspective. 3 Your results don’t define you, your capabilities or your worth. Life is full of ups, downs, and challenges. In the grand vision of your future, these results are a mere stepping stone to what you can achieve. Stay positive and stay motivated. It’s easy to get discouraged after receiving a bad grade, but it’s important to stay positive and motivated. Don’t let the setback define your academic journey. 4 Surround yourself with supportive friends, family, or mentors who can provide encouragement and motivation. Turn failure into success. 5 One of the most important steps to take after a bad exam is reflecting on what went wrong. You can do this by asking yourselves: “What would I do differently next time?” Using this question will help you gain a sense of control over the situation and boost your confidence for your next exam. A．Remember the bigger picture. B．It might help to write them down. C．Failure and setbacks are learning opportunities. D．Use positive self-talks to boost your motivation. E．Instead, use it as a fuel to work harder and smarter. F．They can also guide you on how to improve in the future. G．It is also important that you share your worries with others. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是考试失利后的心理调适与行动策略。 1．空前“It is important that you deal with and accept the situation, instead of avoiding it. Therefore, letting out your emotions by crying or being angry for a bit can be beneficial.(重要的是你要处理和接受这种情况，而不是逃避它。因此，通过哭泣或生气来发泄情绪是有益的。)”说明发泄情绪很重要，空后“Talking with parents, teachers or friends can help them get through the disappointment of a bad exam.(与父母，老师或朋友交谈可以帮助他们度过考试失败的失望。)”说明与父母，老师或朋友交谈的好处，可见与这些人分享是重要的，G选项“It is also important that you share your worries with others.(与他人分享你的烦恼也很重要。)”说明了分享烦恼也是重要的，承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 2．空后“Putting pen to paper can help you take a step back and gain perspective.(将感受诉诸笔端，能帮助你抽离情绪，理性看待问题。)”说明了写下自己的情绪的好处，B选项“It might help to write them down.(把它们写下来可能会有帮助。)”说明了把情绪写下来很重要，引起下文，符合语境，故选B。 3．空格处是本段主旨句，由空后“Your results don’t define you, your capabilities or your worth. Life is full of ups, downs, and challenges. In the grand vision of your future, these results are a mere stepping stone to what you can achieve.(你的成绩不能定义你、你的能力或你的价值。生活充满了起起落落和挑战。在你未来的宏伟愿景中，这些结果仅仅是你实现目标的垫脚石。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要着眼于大局，不要在乎一时的成绩，A选项“Remember the bigger picture.(记住大局。)”说明了要记住大局，概括了本段主要内容，可作为主旨句，故选A。 4．空前“Don’t let the setback define your academic journey.(不要让挫折定义你的学术之旅。)”说明了不要让挫折影响学业，空格处应该说要怎么对待挫折，E选项“Instead, use it as a fuel to work harder and smarter.(相反，把它当作更努力、更明智地工作的动力。)”中的it指代前面的setback，说明了要怎么对待挫折，承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 5．本段主旨句是“Turn failure into success.(化失败为成功。)”说明了要把失败转化为成功，空格处应该说失败的积极作用，C选项“Failure and setbacks are learning opportunities.(失败和挫折都是学习的机会。)”说明了失败的积极意义，承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·江苏盐城·期末） When I was growing up, my mother used to repeat to me, “Use it up, wear it out, make it do, or do without.” 1 However, over the past year, thrift (节俭) has found a new social media-inspired name: “underconsumption core”. 2 They remind us that we don’t need a new air fryer. Digital creator Lauren got over half a million views on a video she posted just after the New Year. “What you had in 2024still works in 2025, ” she says, showing us her blanket with a hole that she intends to sew. Underconsumption core is taking over the Internet. People are tired of the endless “links to shop”. 3 It couldn’t come at a better time. Social media influencers make millions each year by marketing products to their followers. If you spend any time on Tik Tok, you’ll probably recognize the sound of an influencer’s nails against a new-in-box product that is a must-have, or you may have seen a woman unloading a massive bag of Zara clothes on the floor before displaying them. The pressure to buy is everywhere. 4 The effects of this kind of push to consume are significant. Americans threw 11. 3 million tons of clothing into the garbage can in 2018. That’s something like 70 pounds of garbage per person per year. 5 Gen Zers are likely to describe their finances to be tight. The endless opportunities to compare with others on social media certainly don’t help. So it’s time for a reset. For that, taking some underconsumption lessons from our mothers may be the answer. A．This latest trend, instead, is about buying less. B．On a personal level, Gen Zers struggle with their finances. C．Content creators are doing their best to advocate such an idea. D．Individually, Gen Zers are satisfied with the standard of living. E．This trend features influencers showing their widened interests. F．There are always some products that everyone seemingly should have. G．Being a thrifty mom and passing the practice on to her kid is nothing new. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了从传统的节俭观念到现代社交媒体上兴起的“低消费主义核”这一新趋势的转变。文章建议从传统的节俭智慧中汲取教训，以实现一种更为可持续和平衡的消费方式。 1．根据上文“When I was growing up, my mother used to repeat to me, “Use it up, wear it out, make it do, or do without.” (在我成长的过程中，母亲总是反复教导我：“用完它，用坏它，改造它，或者就不要用了。”)”可知，作者的母亲过去常常对他说“用完它，用坏它，改造它，或者就不要用了”，这是关于节俭的一种说法；G选项“Being a thrifty mom and passing the practice on to her kid is nothing new(当个节俭的妈妈并将这种做法传给她的孩子，这并不新鲜)”承接上文，强调了这种节俭观念的传承性，与前文形成逻辑上的衔接，符合题意。故选G。 2．根据下文“They remind us that we don’t need a new air fryer. (他们提醒我们不需要一个新的空气炸锅)”，并以及““What you had in 2024still works in 2025, ” she says, showing us her blanket with a hole that she intends to sew.(“2024 年用的东西到了 2025 年依然适用，”她说道，并向我们展示她那有一处破洞、打算补上的毯子。)”举例说明内容创作者Lauren的视频观点，这些都是在倡导减少消费的理念；C选项“Content creators are doing their best to advocate such an idea(内容创作者正尽最大努力倡导这样的理念)”正好概括了下文的内容，说明内容创作者正在积极推广减少消费的理念，符合题意。故选C。 3．上文提到“People are tired of the endless “links to shop”. (人们厌倦了无尽的“购物链接”)”，下文提到“ It couldn’t come at a better time.(这再好不过了)”以及“ Social media influencers make millions each year by marketing products to their followers. (社交媒体上的网红们每年通过向粉丝推销产品而赚取数百万的收入。)”可知，此处描述了社交媒体上充斥着各种营销产品的现象；A选项“This latest trend, instead, is about buying less(这个最新的趋势，相反，是关于买得更少)”与上文形成因果关系，即厌倦了无尽的购物链接，由此买的更少；同时和下文形成对比，指出当前的趋势是减少购买，符合题意。故选A。 4．根据前文“If you spend any time on Tik Tok, you’ll probably recognize the sound of an influencer’s nails against a new-in-box product that is a must-have, or you may have seen a woman unloading a massive bag of Zara clothes on the floor before displaying them. The pressure to buy is everywhere.( 如果你在 Tik Tok 上花过时间，你可能会听到网红用指甲刮擦新包装商品的声音，那商品肯定是必备之物；或者你可能见过一位女士把一大袋 Zara 的衣服从袋子里倒出来摊在地上，然后展示出来。到处都充斥着购买的压力。)”可知，前文通过举例提到社交媒体上充斥着各种营销产品的现象，并指出“购买的压力无处不在”；F选项“There are always some products that everyone seemingly should have(总有一些产品，似乎每个人都应该拥有)”正好解释了为什么购买的压力无处不在，因为总有一些产品被认为是必需品，符合题意。故选F。 5．根据前文“Americans threw 11. 3 million tons of clothing into the garbage can in 2018. That’s something like 70 pounds of garbage per person per year(2018 年，美国人将 1130 万吨衣物扔进了垃圾桶。这相当于每人每年产生约 70 磅的垃圾。)”可知，此处提到美国人每年扔掉大量衣物，造成了巨大的影响；同时后文“Gen Zers are likely to describe their finances to be tight. (Z世代可能会说他们的财务状况很紧张)”指出Gen Z人可能认为自己的经济状况紧张；B选项“On a personal level, Gen Zers struggle with their finances(在个人层面，Z世代正与他们的财务作斗争)”正好承接上文，并引出下文关于Z世代财务困境的讨论，符合题意。故选B。 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·江苏泰州·期末） This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. 1    There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. 2 If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. 3 When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. The light travels through the eye lens (晶状体). The lens then focuses the light rays, which fall on the retina (视网膜). A chemical present in the retina turns light into electric signals, which are then transmitted to the brain. The brain processes the signals and ultimately allows us to see stuff. The act of squinting, quite obviously, alters the shape of the space through which light passes, which helps us form a clear image on the retina. What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. 4 However, when you’re trying to focus on something, if there’s light entering from multiple directions, the lens will be overloaded. By squinting, focusing light rays becomes more precise. Squinting does not damage your eyesight. 5 It’s one thing to occasionally squint in order to make out something far away. But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. A．Actually, that’s not exactly the case. B．Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? C．Squinting does two major things to improve our vision. D．However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. E．Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. F．A number of biological components actually constitute the human eye. G．Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．G 4．E 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文解释了为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，并澄清了眯眼不会损害视力的误解。 1．根据上文“This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. (这是我们所有人在日常生活中无数次注意到的事情。无论你是想阅读商业广告上的小字，还是想从远处辨认一个人的脸——眯着眼睛总是有助于看得更清楚。)”可知，上文引出眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚这一话题，由下文“There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. (有一种普遍的假设是，你挤压眼球是为了让它们更好地工作，从而给眼球增加了很大的压力。)”可知，下文解释了为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，故本空应提问为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，B选项“Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? (你有没有想过为什么会这样？)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 2． 根据上文“There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. (有一种普遍的假设是，你挤压眼球是为了让它们更好地工作，从而给眼球增加了很大的压力。)”和下文“If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. (如果你仔细想想，你会发现眯眼是另一回事。如果眯着眼睛意味着让你的眼睛变成压力球，那我们就有大麻烦了。)”可知，本空应是对上文认知的怀疑，故选项A“Actually, that’s not exactly the case. (实际上，情况并非如此。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 3．根据下文“When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. (当光线照射到物体上时，它会从物体表面反弹，进入我们的眼睛。)”可知，下文解释了人眼看见东西的原理，本空应引出这一原理，G选项“Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. (在揭示其背后的秘密之前，让我们了解一下我们是如何看东西的。)”能引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 4． 根据上文“What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. (更重要的是，来自不同方向的光进入并随后被眼睛感知。)”可知，本空应谈论光被眼睛感知的结果，E选项“Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. (通常，这是件好事，因为它增强了你的情境意识。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 5．根据上文“Squinting does not damage your eyesight. (眯眼不会损害你的视力。)”和后文“But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. (偶尔眯着眼看清远处的东西是一回事。但如果你发现自己总是这样做，那么检查你的眼睛应该是你的重点。)”可知，上文说眯眼不会损害你的视力，下文又说检查你的眼睛，上下文存在转折关系，D选项“However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. (然而，长时间这样做会导致眼睛干涩。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 （23-24高二下·江苏常州·期末） Historically, CEOs were mainly seen as the managers of their companies. Today’s CEOs, however, are increasingly recognized as essential players on the world stage. 1 It’s a phenomenon called CEO statesmanship. This is a function not only of CEOs’ economic power, but also of their role in influencing a wide range of people. 2 How can they maximize their impact? First, a CEO should be prepared to speak out on critical issues. 1 The great fame of CEOs requires them to be informed and thoughtful. More than ever, they are expected to share their views, to engage in national conversations and to contribute to social progress. Saying nothing and avoiding the spot-light may feel safer, but a CEO who stands for nothing is dispensable (可有可无的). 2 A CEO shouldn’t make a statement about every news headline. Leaders who express their opinions on every topic will find that they are expected to respond to issues out of their depths. This invites missteps and the loss of authority. Knowing when to speak and when to stay silent is important. Only by focusing on what lies in their depths, interests and values can they make a meaningful contribution. Finally, a CEO should act as a catalyst (催化剂) for change. 3 Stakeholders can see the difference between lip service and sincere efforts. When a CEO decides to make a statement on a matter of public concern, it must be backed by concrete actions. For example, if they are keen on green development, they can take measures to reduce their firms’ carbon footprint. By speaking out on critical issues, leading with purpose, and acting as catalysts for change, CEOs can help lead society towards a better future. A．Actions speak louder than words. B．But how should CEOs take on this role? C．As leaders, CEOs should lead with purpose. D．With great power comes great responsibility. E．CEO statesmanship will matter more than ever. F．But should CEOs be given so many privileges and responsibilities? G．They have the power to influence public policy, and even the course of global events. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了首席执行官（CEO）的职责以及影响力。 1．根据上文“Historically, CEOs were mainly seen as the managers of their companies. Today’s CEOs, however, are increasingly recognized as essential players on the world stage.(从历史上看，CEO主要被视为公司的管理者。然而，今天的首席执行官们越来越被认为是世界舞台上不可或缺的角色)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明CEO被认为是不可或缺角色的原因。故G选项“他们有能力影响公共政策，甚至影响全球事件的进程”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“It’s a phenomenon called CEO statesmanship. This is a function not only of CEOs’ economic power, but also of their role in influencing a wide range of people.(这是一种被称为CEO政治家风度的现象。这不仅与首席执行官的经济实力有关，也与他们在影响广泛人群方面的作用有关)”以及后文“How can they maximize their impact?(他们如何才能最大限度地发挥自己的影响力？)”可知，本句为过渡句，指出CEO是如何发挥自己作用的。故B选项“但是CEO们应该如何扮演这个角色呢？”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据上文“First, a CEO should be prepared to speak out on critical issues.(首先，CEO应该准备好就关键问题发表意见)”以及后文“The great fame of CEOs requires them to be informed and thoughtful. More than ever, they are expected to share their views, to engage in national conversations and to contribute to social progress. Saying nothing and avoiding the spot-light may feel safer, but a CEO who stands for nothing is dispensable (可有可无的).(首席执行官们的巨大声誉要求他们见多识广、深思熟虑。人们比以往任何时候都更希望他们分享自己的观点，参与全国性的对话，并为社会进步作出贡献。什么都不说，避开聚光灯可能会让人感觉更安全，但一个什么都不代表的CEO是不可或缺的)”可知，后文提到CEO需要对社会进步做出贡献，强调了他们的责任。故D选项“权力越大，责任越大”符合语境，故选D。 4．根据后文“A CEO shouldn’t make a statement about every news headline. Leaders who express their opinions on every topic will find that they are expected to respond to issues out of their depths. This invites missteps and the loss of authority. Knowing when to speak and when to stay silent is important. Only by focusing on what lies in their depths, interests and values can they make a meaningful contribution.(CEO不应该对每个新闻标题都发表声明。对每个话题都表达自己观点的领导者会发现，他们被期望对超出自己深度的问题做出回应。这会导致失误和权威的丧失。知道什么时候该说话，什么时候该保持沉默是很重要的。只有关注自己的深度、兴趣和价值观，才能做出有意义的贡献)”可知，本段主要说明了CEO的领导方式。故C选项“作为领导者，CEO应该有目的性地领导”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据上文“Finally, a CEO should act as a catalyst (催化剂) for change.(最后，CEO应该成为变革的催化剂)”以及后文“Stakeholders can see the difference between lip service and sincere efforts. When a CEO decides to make a statement on a matter of public concern, it must be backed by concrete actions. For example, if they are keen on green development, they can take measures to reduce their firms’ carbon footprint.(利益相关者可以看到口头承诺和真诚努力之间的区别。当首席执行官决定就公众关注的问题发表声明时，必须有具体的行动支持。例如，如果他们热衷于绿色发展，他们可以采取措施减少公司的碳足迹)”可知，后文强调了CEO必须有具体的行动来支持自己的言论，即强调了行动。故A选项“行动比语言更响亮”符合语境，故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 七选五 答案版 主题01 人与自我——个人保健 Passage 1：1．A 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．D Passage 2：1．B 2．G 3．E 4．D 5．F Passage 3：1．B 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．G Passage 4：1．D 2．E 3．G 4．A 5．C 主题02 人与社会——哲理感悟 Passage 1：1．F 2．E 3．B 4．G 5．D Passage 2：1．D 2．E 3．B 4．G 5．C Passage 3：1．G 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．E Passage 4：1．E 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．F 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1：1．F 2．D 3．C 4．G 5．A Passage 2：1．E 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．G 主题01 人与自然——人与动植物 Passage 1：1．G 2．B 3．E 4．C 5．F Passage 2：1．E 2．C 3．G 4．F 5．B 主题02 人与社会——方法/策略 Passage 1：1．B 2．F 3．E 4．D 5．C Passage 2：1．F 2．B 3．G 4．E 5．A Passage 3：1．G 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．C Passage 4：1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．B 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1：1．B 2．A 3．G 4．E 5．D Passage 2：1．G 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $