精品解析：江苏省宿迁市沭阳县2025-2026学年度第二学期期中调研测试高二英语试题

2025～2026学年度第二学期期中调研测试 高二英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填涂在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 本卷满分150分，考试时长120分钟，考试结束后，只需上交答题卡。 一、阅读理解：本题共20小题，每小题2.5分，共50分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 A Crestwood Creative Art Festival Volunteer Call The festival’s immersive children’s zone, ArtVenture Hub, seeks energetic volunteers to facilitate hands-on activities, manage art supplies, and encourage our young creators. Expect a lively, joyful atmosphere — ArtVenture Hub is designed to spark imagination and foster playful learning for children and helpers alike. We invite you to join us from March 14th to March 16th. We depend on about 120 volunteers to operate six interactive stations, featuring activities such as collaborative mural painting, upcycled material crafts, sensory clay modeling, illustrated storytelling, paper engineering, and nature-inspired weaving. Our volunteers’ enthusiasm and dedication are essential to delivering an engaging and smooth festival experience. Apply To Volunteer Registration begins on January 10th. Early applicants (by February 18th) receive priority assignment. All applications must be submitted by the final deadline — March 5th. Volunteer Benefits ◇ A limited-edition festival volunteer T-shirt ◇ A meal voucher (票券) for use at any festival food vendor ◇ A 20% discount on purchases from featured artist booths ◇ A post-festival personalized thank-you certificate ◇ Free admission to select festival workshops on the day of service Volunteer Requirements ◇ Must be over 16 years of age ◇ Shifts are 2.5 hours in length (each volunteer can select 1 to 2 shifts for this festival) ◇ Full attendance for the selected shift is mandatory (强制的) ◇ On-site registration is not permitted under any circumstances ◇ A brief online training course must be completed during the week before the festival begins ◇For community service verification, documentation will be signed at the Volunteer Check-Out Tent within 15 minutes after the end of each shift; volunteers must present their own forms Contact & Registration Volunteer Coordinator: Naomi Shah (436-5867) Application Portal: volunteer.crestwoodfest.org 1. Which date qualifies volunteers for priority assignment? A. January 8th. B. February 13th. C. February 20th. D. March 15th. 2. What can volunteers receive for their service? A. A free ticket to all festival workshops. B. A volunteer T-shirt signed by featured artists. C. A food voucher valid at any festival vendors. D. A standard appreciation certificate available after each shift. 3. What are the volunteers required to do? A. Bring a completed form for check-in. B. Work for a minimum of two and a half hours. C. Arrive fifteen minutes prior to their shift start time. D. Complete the online training course two weeks prior to the festival. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了Crestwood创意艺术节招募志愿者的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Apply To Volunteer部分中“Early applicants (by February 18th) receive priority assignment.(在2月18日（含当日）之前提交申请的早期申请者可获得优先分配)”可知，2月13日符合志愿者优先分配的日期要求。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Volunteer Benefits部分中“A meal voucher (票券) for use at any festival food vendor(可在任何节日食品供应商处使用的餐券)”可知，志愿者可以获得一张可在任何节日食品供应商处使用的餐券。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Volunteer Requirements部分中“Shifts are 2.5 hours in length (each volunteer can select 1 to 2 shifts for this festival)(班次时长为2.5小时（每位志愿者可以为本次节日选择1至2个班次）)”可知，志愿者被要求至少工作两个半小时。故选B。 B In 2024, my niece Caroline received a Ph. D. in gravitational-wave physics. I watched a little of her dissertation defense(博士论文答辩) online, and was lost as soon as she finished introducing herself. Caroline’s academic achievements seem especially impressive if you know she could barely read until third grade. For her, words on a page looked like a jumping mass. A psychologist eventually identified her condition as dyslexia (读写障碍). Fluent readers sometimes think of dyslexia as a tendency to put letters in the wrong order, but it’s more complicated than that. People with dyslexia have varying degrees of difficulty not only with reading and writing but also with pronouncing new words, recalling known words, recognizing rhymes, dividing words into syllables (音节), and comprehending written material. Because a common strategy for avoiding the embarrassment of reading aloud is to act in a way that results in being sent to the principal’s office, dyslexic students are often treated primarily as discipline problems. The tragedy is compounded by the fact that proven methods for teaching dyslexic students — which enabled Caroline to become a fluent reader by middle school — have been known for decades, but many American schools don’t use those scientifically supported instructional methods. Caroline’s dyslexia was identified in second grade, and afterward she spent three years at Windward, a private school for children with language-based learning disabilities. Windward’s teachers follow highly structured lesson plans. In the program, students memorize rules about letter sounds, letter combinations, and grammar. They also receive instruction in essay organization and composition. When Caroline finished fifth grade and left Windward, her reading level was better than 95 percent of other students, and she later qualified for her new school’s gifted program. Windward had made her not only a fluent reader but also a skilled writer. Toward the end of her third year there, she wrote a poem that ended, “So come and read, so come and read, Come don those literary Wings!” 4. What can be inferred about Caroline’s dissertation defense? A. It lacked basic logic. B. It attracted a large audience. C. It made the author disappointed. D. It showed her academic advance. 5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning dyslexia? A. Its potential tendency. B. Its complex symptoms. C. Its relevant assumptions. D. Its theoretical foundation. 6. What does the underlined word “compounded” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Worsened. B. Simplified. C. Explained. D. Recorded. 7. What is a feature of Windward? A. It specializes in teaching poetry. B. It replaces conventional schools. C. It provides prizes for gifted students. D. It adopts a structured teaching program. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，作者以有阅读障碍的侄女的亲身经历说明了科学干预对读写障碍人群的帮助。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“In 2024, my niece Caroline received a Ph. D. in gravitational-wave physics.(2024 年，我的侄女Caroline获得了引力波物理学博士学位)”和第二段中“Caroline’s academic achievements seem especially impressive if you know she could barely read until third grade. For her, words on a page looked like a jumping mass. A psychologist eventually identified her condition as dyslexia (读写障碍).(Caroline的学术成就看起来尤其令人惊叹，要知道她直到三年级还几乎无法阅读。对她来说，页面上的文字就像一群跳跃的字母。后来一位心理学家确认她的状况为阅读障碍症)”可知，Caroline直到三年级都几乎不会阅读，患有读写障碍，最终取得了引力波物理的博士学位，由此推知论文答辩是她学术成果的体现，故选D。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Fluent readers sometimes think of dyslexia as a tendency to put letters in the wrong order, but it’s more complicated than that. People with dyslexia have varying degrees of difficulty not only with reading and writing but also with pronouncing new words, recalling known words, recognizing rhymes, dividing words into syllables (音节), and comprehending written material.(流利的读者有时会认为阅读障碍症表现为字母顺序的错误排列，但其实情况要复杂得多。患有阅读障碍症的人不仅在阅读和写作方面存在不同程度的困难，在新单词的发音、已知单词的记忆、押韵的识别、单词的音节划分以及对书面材料的理解方面也都存在困难)”可知，本段主要介绍读写障碍复杂的症状，故选B。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。划线词前文“Because a common strategy for avoiding the embarrassment of reading aloud is to act in a way that results in being sent to the principal’s office, dyslexic students are often treated primarily as discipline problems.(因为避免大声朗读时尴尬的常见方法是通过某种行为让自己被送进校长办公室，所以阅读障碍学生通常主要被视为纪律问题)”提到，读写障碍学生常被错误当成违纪学生处理，这本身已经是悲剧；后文“proven methods for teaching dyslexic students — which enabled Caroline to become a fluent reader by middle school — have been known for decades, but many American schools don’t use those scientifically supported instructional methods(针对阅读障碍学生的有效教学方法——这些方法让Caroline在中学阶段就能成为熟练的读者——早在几十年前就已被知晓，但许多美国学校却并未采用这些经过科学验证的教学方法)”补充说“有效的教学方法几十年前就已经验证有效，但很多美国学校却不使用”，这会让原本的悲剧变得更糟糕。由此推知划线词compounded此处意为“加剧、恶化”，故选A。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Windward’s teachers follow highly structured lesson plans.(Windward的教师遵循高度结构化的教学计划)”可知，Windward采用结构化教学项目，故选D。 C Imagine you’re out for an evening walk in a foreign city, looking to find a restaurant for dinner. If you’re like most people, you will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service.But is this true? In tourist areas, early diners have no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose, so they may have picked their evening eatery on a whim (一时兴起). Following passers- by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well- informed decision and blindly followed their example. This could have resulted in a snow- balling effect, whereby ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, creating a false impression of approval. Therefore, following the example of others could have led to a suboptimal (次优的) dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. Blindly copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behavior (从众行为).” It is a frequent occurrence among humans as well as many other animals. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. Average judgments of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort—after all, there’s “safety in numbers”—while helping to maintain a favorable fame. Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision; it is therefore an easy option. Herd behaviors, while common and easy to explain, hold significant dangers. Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which emerges when the judgments of individual group members are independently collected to produce an average opinion, herd behaviors typically rely on so-called “information cascades”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically evaluating the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of irrational or simply stupid behaviors. As a result, herding can have many undesirable outcomes, including negative influences on consumer choices, like in the restaurant example above. It appears there is no quick and easy fix to resist the lure (诱惑) of herd behavior. Instead, long-term attitude changes may be necessary, which could involve individuals adopting more critical approaches towards their peers’ opinion, and questioning others’ behaviors as opposed to blindly following them. 8. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed? A. By giving example. B. By presenting fact. C. By analyzing the cause and effect. D. By making comparison. 9. What is one reason why people tend to follow the crowd? A. It leads to average judgments. B. It brings a sense of security. C. It challenges a favorable reputation. D. It allows for better decision- making. 10. What does the underlined “information cascades” mean in Para 5? A. Adopting others’ beliefs or choices without evaluation. B. Critical evaluation of underlying reasons for choices. C. Average judgments formed by large groups of people. D. Independent collection of individual opinions and judgements. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Following the herd can greatly benefit us in various aspects. B. It is no easy task for people to resist the lure of herd behavior. C. It is unnecessary to think critically rather than follow the herd blindly. D. The busiest restaurant is not necessarily the best one in tourist areas. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是从众行为的危险性和难以抗拒性，以及提出了一些可能的解决方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In tourist areas, early diners have no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose, so they may have picked their evening eatery on a whim (一时兴起). Following passers- by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well- informed decision and blindly followed their example.(在旅游区，早到的食客对于选择哪家餐馆没有任何有意义的线索，所以他们可能是一时兴起才选择晚上的餐馆。跟随的路人可能误解了他们选择餐馆的决定，并盲目地进行效仿。)”可知，第二段是通过举例展开的，故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort—after all, there’s “safety in numbers”—while helping to maintain a favorable fame.(此外，随大流似乎提供了保护和舒适——毕竟，“人多安全”——同时有助于保持良好的声誉。)”可知，人们容易随大流的原因之一是它带来了安全感。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically evaluating the underlying reasons(人们在没有批判性地评估潜在原因的情况下接受他人的信仰或复制他人的选择)”可知，information cascades的意思是“人们不经过批判性思考就接受他人的观点或选择”，即Adopting others’ beliefs or choices without evaluation。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Blindly copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behavior (从众行为).” It is a frequent occurrence among humans as well as many other animals.(盲目地模仿别人的想法或选择，或者只是随大流，通常被称为“从众行为”。这在人类和许多其他动物中是经常发生的。)”，倒数第二段“Herd behaviors, while common and easy to explain, hold significant dangers.(从众行为虽然很常见，也很容易解释，但却有很大的危险。)”和最后一段“It appears there is no quick and easy fix to resist the lure (诱惑) of herd behavior.(似乎没有快速和简单的方法来抵制从众行为的诱惑。)”可知，本文主要讲的是从众行为的危险性和难以抗拒性，以及提出了一些可能的解决方法，因此本文的主旨是B选项“It is no easy task for people to resist the lure of herd behavior.(对人们来说，抵制从众行为的诱惑并非易事。)”。故选B。 D Chaotan One, the world’s first commercial power generator that uses supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂), has begun operations in China. This achievement breaks a century-old tradition of using steam for power generation, marking a major improvement in efficiency. The invention of the steam engine was a first step towards the Industrial Revolution that changed the world. Over the years, the engine’s efficiency was further improved through different designs and fuels; however, the medium for doing work remained the same — steam. Scientists seeking further improvements in power efficiency noticed that a significant portion of energy is wasted generating steam to drive turbines (涡轮机). Water needs to be boiled first and needs to undergo a phase change to generate steam. Scientists have been looking for a better medium to replace steam. They found this in sCO₂. CO₂ exists as a gas at room temperature and can be cooled to form dry ice by reducing pressure and lowering temperature. When temperature is raised to 31°C, and pressure is increased to 7.37 MPa, CO₂ enters its supercritical state, where it exhibits properties of both a liquid and a gas. In applications such as moving a turbine, this is extremely useful since the gas-like state offers less resistance while the liquid-like state provides greater push power. The power generation process works like this: The CO₂ is first pressurized into a supercritical state. Then the sCO₂ passes through a heat exchanger, absorbing heat from an external heat source, and its temperature rises to 400 — 600℃ with a substantial increase in internal energy. After that, it enters a turbine and expands rapidly, driving it to move at a high speed and transforming thermal (热的) energy into mechanical energy, which is then further turned into electrical energy for output. The CO₂ remains in a supercritical state throughout the entire process, with no phase change loss. The success of the Chaotan One will likely start a new era in power generation, using CO₂ as a medium and bypassing the need to transform water into steam. 12. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2? A. Highlight the value of steam. B. Applaud the past contributions. C. Outline the Industrial Revolution. D. State the background of a new discovery. 13. What is the biggest problem with steam power generation? A. Energy-intensive. B. Labor-demanding. C. Noise-producing. D. Money-consuming. 14. What plays a key role in the high efficiency of Chaotan One? A. The durability of turbines. B. The quick commercialization of generators. C. The easy availability of CO₂. D. The continuity of CO₂’s supercritical state. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Unpredictable Changes of CO₂ B. Polarized Views on Chaotan One C. A Pioneering sCO₂ Power Generator D. A Breakthrough in Steam Engine 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“超坦一号”以超临界二氧化碳替代蒸汽发电，突破百年传统，避免相变损耗，效率大幅提升，标志发电新时代开启。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了文章主题：“超坦一号”以超临界二氧化碳替代蒸汽发电，这是一次科技的重大突破。第二段“The invention of the steam engine was a first step towards the Industrial Revolution that changed the world. Over the years, the engine’s efficiency was further improved through different designs and fuels; however, the medium for doing work remained the same — steam.(蒸汽机的发明是工业革命的开端，改变了整个世界。多年来，通过不同的设计和燃料，发动机的效率不断得到提高；然而，做功的介质始终是蒸汽)”可知，第二段主要介绍蒸汽作为动力的历史，阐述了“超坦一号”以超临界二氧化碳替代蒸汽发电的背景信息。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Scientists seeking further improvements in power efficiency noticed that a significant portion of energy is wasted generating steam to drive turbines (涡轮机). Water needs to be boiled first and needs to undergo a phase change to generate steam.(寻求进一步提高发电效率的科学家们注意到，在驱动涡轮机时产生蒸汽会浪费大量能量。水需要先被加热，然后经历相变才能产生蒸汽)”可知，蒸汽发电的弊端是耗能高。Energy-intensive的意思是“高耗能的”。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题，根据第五段“The CO₂ remains in a supercritical state throughout the entire process, with no phase change loss.(整个过程中，二氧化碳始终处于超临界状态，不存在相变损失)”可知，本段介绍了利用二氧化碳发电的全过程后指出，整个过程二氧化碳始终处于超临界状态，不存在相变损失，所以说二氧化碳超临界状态的连续性是“超坦一号”高效的关键。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Chaotan One, the world’s first commercial power generator that uses supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂), has begun operations in China. This achievement breaks a century-old tradition of using steam for power generation, marking a major improvement in efficiency.(超坦一号是全球首台使用超临界二氧化碳作为能源的商业发电设备，现已在中国投入运行。这一成就打破了使用蒸汽进行发电的百年传统，标志着效率有了重大提升)”并综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了超临界二氧化碳发电机技术取代了蒸汽发电，这是一个重大突破。C项意思是：一种开创性的超临界二氧化碳动力发电机，概括文章主旨。故选C项。 第二节 七选五（共5小题 满分12.5分） A lot of parents think kids want to spend all their time on social media, and that’s why it’s so hard to take away. But here’s the truth: ____16____ The reason they can’t decide not to use these apps for themselves is because they’re afraid of missing out on social opportunities, since so many young people maintain their friendships on these platforms. If parents all made the same decision not to let our kids use social media, we’d solve the problem for them. Even if only some parents restrict their kids’ use, it will be enough to force teens to find other ways of communicating. When I talk to parents and teachers about this, I like to start by telling them about a 2023 study in which college students were asked how much money researchers would have to pay them not to use social media accounts for a month. ____17____ Actually, the average amount they wanted was $50, and the median (中位数), $30, was even lower. Then the researchers asked the students how much they’d have to pay them to deactivate their accounts if their friends did the same thing. The answer is: ____18____ No audience member of mine has ever correctly guessed the result. In situations like this, our job as parents is to step in and help our kids. If parents all told our kids they’re not allowed to use social media until they’re 16 years old, none of them would face the dilemma (窘境) of losing social opportunities in the first place. Even if only a few of their friends don’t have social media, they won’t be pariahs (被遗弃的人). ____19____ Instead of seeing pictures of the parties to which they weren’t invited on social apps, they could text with their friends on flip (老式翻盖) phones to make plans — or call and chat. ____20____ Instead of following the polished versions of one another’s lives, they could get together in person and talk about how they’re really doing. A. Kids will probably worry about it. B. Our responsibility here is no different. C. Many teenagers recognize that social media is unhealthy. D. The students were willing to pay the researchers to make this happen. E. So talk to the parents of your kids’ friends and get them to do the same thing. F. My audience typically guesses that the students demanded tens of thousands of dollars. G. Chat groups with people kids know are a good alternative to conversations on social apps. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，围绕 “父母应联合限制孩子使用社交媒体” 这一核心观点展开论述，先打破父母的固有认知，再用研究数据佐证观点，最后提出具体解决办法和替代社交方式。 【16题详解】 根据上文“A lot of parents think kids want to spend all their time on social media (很多父母认为孩子想把所有时间都花在社交媒体上)”以及“But here’s the truth (但事实是)”的转折表述可知，空格处需揭示与父母固有认知相反的真相，打破“孩子主观沉迷社交媒体”的错误看法。C选项Many teenagers recognize that social media is unhealthy. (很多青少年其实也意识到社交媒体并不健康。)恰好契合“真相”的转折逻辑，同时能衔接后文孩子无法放弃社交媒体是因害怕错失社交机会的内容，符合语境。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“When I talk to parents and teachers about this, I like to start by telling them about a 2023 study in which college students were asked how much money researchers would have to pay them not to use social media accounts for a month. (我和家长们、老师们聊起这个话题时，总会先跟他们讲 2023 年的一项研究 —— 研究人员询问大学生，需要付给他们多少钱，他们才愿意在一个月内不使用社交媒体账号。)”以及下文“Actually, the average amount they wanted was $50, and the median, $30, was even lower. (事实上，他们想要的平均金额是50美元，中位数甚至更低，仅为30美元。)”的实际结果可知，空格处需体现人们对大学生所需金额的错误高预期，与后文的低金额形成鲜明对比。F选项My audience typically guesses that the students demanded tens of thousands of dollars. (我的听众通常会猜测，这些学生要求的赔偿金额高达数万美元。)精准体现大众的高预判，与后文实际结果形成反差，符合语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Then the researchers asked the students how much they’d have to pay them to deactivate their accounts if their friends did the same thing. (随后研究人员又问，如果朋友们也一起停用账号，需要支付多少钱他们才愿意注销自己的社交媒体账号。)”以及下文“No audience member of mine has ever correctly guessed the result. (我的听众里没人猜对过这个结果。)”可知，空格处需揭示该问题的答案，且答案需与前文“获酬才停用”形成反转，超出大众预期。D选项The students were willing to pay the researchers to make this happen. (这些学生甚至愿意花钱请研究人员促成这件事。)，体现“不仅无需获酬，反而愿意付费”的反转结果，契合“无人猜对”的表述，符合语境。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“If parents all made the same decision not to let our kids use social media, we’d solve the problem for them. (如果所有父母都做出同样的决定，不让孩子使用社交媒体，我们就能为他们解决这个问题。)”以及“Even if only some parents restrict their kids’ use, it will be enough to force teens to find other ways of communicating. (即便只有部分父母限制孩子使用，也足以促使青少年找到其他沟通方式。)”的核心观点可知，空格处需承接该观点，给出具体的实操建议。E选项So talk to the parents of your kids’friends and get them to do the same thing. (所以去和孩子朋友的父母沟通，让他们也这么做。)，以“So”承接前文观点，提出“联合其他父母共同限制”的具体方法，符合语境。故选E项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“they could text with their friends on flip phones to make plans — or call and chat. (他们可以用老式翻盖手机给朋友发短信制定计划，或者打电话聊天。)”以及下文“Instead of following the polished versions of one another’s lives, they could get together in person and talk about how they’re really doing. (他们不用再关注彼此精修后的生活，而是可以面对面相聚，聊聊彼此的真实状况。)”可知，空格处需承接前文，补充脱离社交媒体后，孩子可选择的另一类健康社交沟通方式。G选项Chat groups with people kids know are a good alternative to conversations on social apps. (和孩子认识的人建聊天群，是替代社交媒体上聊天的好方式。)，与前文的发短信、打电话形成并列，均为脱离社交媒体的健康社交形式，衔接后文线下见面的内容，逻辑连贯。故选G项。 二、完形填空：本题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 The Oklahoma Academy girls’ basketball team faced a dilemma. After their dramatic championship win, coach Brendan King couldn’t escape a growing ____21____ of anxiety. That night, he reviewed the game tape at home, carefully ____22____ every point. His doubt was ____23____; they had actually lost by one point. A shot that appeared to miss was ____24____ recorded as a basket. The next morning, King ____25____ the news. The players arrived still ____26____ from their victory, only to learn the truth. “I’m still proud of you,” he said with certainty, but it was a bitter pill to ____27____. Policy stated the result was final, yet within minutes the team saw eye to eye — they would ____28____ the medal to Apache High School. King drove 90 minutes to Apache. Their coach, Amy, had also ____29____ the error but was told the score couldn’t change. After examining King’s report, officials made an ____30____, officially recognizing Apache as champions. In the gym, King ____31____ the medal. The Apache players reproduced the game-winning shot — this time ____32____ for real. “He didn’t have to do that,” Amy said. “Most coaches wouldn’t have.” This story reminds us that true ____33____ isn’t just about winning on the scoreboard. It’s about having the ____34____ to admit mistakes and the grace to do what’s right, even when it ____35____. The Academy team lost the game but won something far greater: their integrity. 21. A. dream B. sense C. chance D. picture 22. A. collecting B. counting C. recording D. achieving 23. A. confirmed B. contradicted C. resolved D. acknowledged 24. A. informally B. regularly C. mistakenly D. automatically 25. A. exchanged B. gathered C. invented D. broke 26. A. overjoyed B. embarrassed C. relaxed D. ashamed 27. A. taste B. choose C. digest D. swallow 28. A. gain B. receive C. return D. keep 29. A. explained B. believed C. noticed D. imagined 30. A. appointment B. attempt C. appeal D. exception 31. A. handed over B. put away C. took over D. showed off 32. A. performing B. celebrating C. interviewing D. competing 33. A. ambition B. reputation C. responsibility D. victory 34. A. courage B. opportunity C. strength D. interest 35. A. pays B. helps C. costs D. matters 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了篮球队主动归还误判赢得的奖牌的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她们戏剧性地赢得冠军后，教练布兰登·金无法摆脱越来越强烈的焦虑感。A. dream梦想；B. sense感觉；C. chance机会；D. picture图片。根据下文“of anxiety”可知，此处指内心的一种焦虑感受。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，他在家回顾比赛录像，仔细地计算着每一分。A. collecting收集；B. counting计算；C. recording记录；D. achieving实现。根据下文“every point”及“they had actually lost by one point”可知，他在计算分数。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的怀疑得到了证实；他们实际上以一分之差输了。A. confirmed证实；B. contradicted反驳；C. resolved解决；D. acknowledged承认。根据下文“they had actually lost by one point”可知，看录像后发现确实输了，说明他的怀疑被证实。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个看起来没进的球被错误地记为投进了。A. informally非正式地；B. regularly定期地；C. mistakenly错误地；D. automatically自动地。根据上文“A shot that appeared to miss”以及下文“recorded as a basket”可知，这是记分出现的错误。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，金公布了这个消息。A. exchanged交换；B. gathered聚集；C. invented发明；D. broke公布，透露。根据下文“the news”和下文“learn the truth”可知，此处指公布了这个消息。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：队员们到达时仍然为胜利而欣喜若狂，却得知了真相。A. overjoyed狂喜的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. relaxed放松的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“from their victory”可知，刚以为夺冠，心情应是极度高兴。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我仍然为你们感到骄傲，”他肯定地说，但这是一个难以接受的苦果。A. taste品尝；B. choose选择；C. digest消化；D. swallow吞下。根据上文“but it was a bitter pill”可知，这件事让人难以接受，a bitter pill to swallow是习语，意为“不得不接受的残酷事实，难以接受的事”。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：规定说明比赛结果已经最终确定，但在几分钟内，队员们达成了共识——他们将把奖牌归还给阿帕奇高中。A. gain获得；B. receive收到；C. return归还；D. keep保持。根据下文“the medal to Apache High School”可知，知道自己不该赢，所以决定归还奖牌。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的教练艾米也注意到了这个错误，但被告知比分不能改变。A. explained解释；B. believed相信；C. noticed注意到；D. imagined想象。根据下文“the error but was told the score couldn’t change”可知，对方教练也发现了记分错误。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在查看了金的报告后，官员们破例了，正式承认阿帕奇高中为冠军。A. appointment任命；B. attempt尝试；C. appeal呼吁；D. exception例外。根据上文“Policy stated the result was final”、“Their coach, Amy, had also the error but was told the score couldn’t change.”及下文“officially recognizing Apache as champions”可知，上文提到政策规定结果已定，不能改变，但这次他们改变了结果，所以是破例。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在体育馆里，金交移交奖牌。A. handed over移交，交出；B. put away放好；C. took over接管；D. showed off炫耀。根据下文“the medal”可知，此处指金把奖牌交给了获胜方。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿帕奇的队员们重现了那制胜一投——这一次是真的庆祝。A. performing表演；B. celebrating庆祝；C. interviewing采访；D. competing竞争。根据上文“The Apache players reproduced the game-winning shot”以及下文“for real”可知，真正夺冠后进行庆祝。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事提醒我们，真正的胜利不仅仅是在记分牌上获胜。A. ambition野心；B. reputation名声；C. responsibility责任；D. victory胜利。根据下文“isn’t just about winning on the scoreboard”可知，他们虽然输了比赛，但赢得了更重要的东西，此处指真正的胜利。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它关乎承认错误的勇气和做正确之事的雅量，即使那会付出代价。A. courage勇气；B. opportunity机会；C. strength力量；D. interest兴趣。根据下文“to admit mistakes”可知，承认自己不该赢、归还奖牌需要勇气。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它关乎承认错误的勇气和做正确之事的雅量，即使那会付出代价。A. pays支付；B. helps帮助；C. costs付出代价；D. matters重要。根据下文“The Academy team lost the game but won something far greater: their integrity.”可知，承认错误并归还奖牌，意味着他们自己失去了冠军的荣誉，这是他们付出的代价。故选C。 三、语法填空：本题共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分。 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The grand conclusion of the 16th Budapest International Circus Festival, ____36____ featured a high-profile closing ceremony and award presentation, was held on Jan 12. Two original acrobatic (杂技) works, Time — Hoop Diving by China National Acrobatic Troupe and Mom’s Pride — Contortion with Glasses by Beijing Acrobatic School, ____37____ (claim) the Grand Prix, the festival’s highest honor, earning critical praise for their creative integration of tradition with modern artistic styles. Since its founding in 1996, the festival has become one of the world’s most ____38____ (influence) circus competitions, held every two years. The Grand Prix is presented only ____39____ the festival judging panel identifies a performance that goes beyond excellence. This year, 200 artists from over 20 countries and regions competed fiercely ____40____ top honors with extraordinary acrobatic skills. Both ____41____ (win) performances represent the depth of contemporary Chinese acrobatics, using distinct physical expressions to tell fascinating stories. In a strategic move that further solidifies the partnership between China and Hungary, a cooperation agreement, ____42____ (sign) by four institutions at the closing ceremony of the festival, ____43____ (notable) marks the establishment of the Chinese Acrobatic Troupe European Performance Base in Budapest. This strategic partnership is not only ____44____ union of artistic institutions, but a powerful step forward in fostering cultural exchanges. It aims to promote circus arts across Europe, enhancing the ecological development of the industry ____45____ enriching cultural understanding between East and West. 【答案】36. which 37. claimed 38. influential 39. when 40. for 41. winning 42. signed 43. notably 44. a 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是第16届布达佩斯国际马戏节圆满落幕，中国杂技节目斩获最高奖，以及中匈双方达成战略合作、设立欧洲演出基地的相关情况。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：第16届布达佩斯国际马戏节于1月12日隆重闭幕，本届马戏节举办了备受瞩目的闭幕式与颁奖仪式。此处考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为The 16th Budapest International Circus Festival，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：中国杂技团的Time — Hoop Diving与北京杂技学校的 Mom’s Pride — Contortion with Glasses两件原创杂技作品荣获大赛最高荣誉金奖。他们创造性地将传统与现代艺术风格融为一体，赢得了评论界的赞誉。此空考查谓语动词，主语Two original acrobatic works与claim为主动关系，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填claimed。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：该马戏节自1996年创办以来，已成为全球最具影响力的马戏赛事之一，每两年举办一次。此处修饰名词competitions，应用形容词形式influential，表“有影响力的”。故填influential。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：这项大奖赛只在艺术节评审团认定某一表演达到卓越水准之上时才会颁发。此处考查固定句型only when，表示“只有当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故填when。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：今年，来自20多个国家和地区的200名艺术家凭借精湛的杂技技艺，为争夺最高荣誉展开激烈角逐。此处考查固定搭配compete for…，表示“为……竞争”，符合语境。故填for。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：两部获奖作品均代表了当代中国杂技的深厚底蕴，通过独特的肢体语言讲述引人入胜的故事。此处修饰名词performances，winning表示“获奖的”，为对应的形容词，作定语。故填winning。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在这一进一步巩固中匈两国合作关系的战略举措中，四家机构于该艺术节闭幕式上签署的合作协议，也显著标志着中国杂技团欧洲演出基地在布达佩斯正式落成。marks为本句谓语动词，此空考查非谓语，a cooperation agreement与sign为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填signed。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：在这一进一步巩固中匈两国合作关系的战略举措中，四家机构于该艺术节闭幕式上签署的合作协议，也显著标志着中国杂技团欧洲演出基地在布达佩斯正式落成。此处修饰动词marks，应用副词形式notably，表“显著地”，符合语境。故填notably。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这一战略合作不仅是艺术机构的联合，更是推动文化交流的有力一步。此处泛指“一个联合”，且union以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：它旨在推动欧洲马戏艺术发展，促进行业生态建设，并丰富东西方文化理解。此处连接并列的现在分词短语enhancing… 和enriching…，表示并列递进关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 四、书面表达：共1题，满分15分。 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom来信询问你用AI辅助英语学习的经历、帮助及如何避免过度依赖。请根据上面的要点给他回信。 注意： (1)写作词数应为100个左右； (2)信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数。 Dear Tom, I’m delighted to hear you’re interested in using AI to help with my English learning. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m delighted to hear you’re interested in using AI to help with my English learning. I’d like to share my experience. Recently, I’ve been using an AI tool to improve my English. It helps me analyze complex grammar structures, correct my writing mistakes, and even practice my spoken English by having conversations with me. It’s really convenient and has greatly increased my study efficiency. But I also know over-reliance is harmful. So I always use AI as a helper, not a replacement. I first think independently, then use AI to check and improve my work. Also, I never share my personal information on AI platforms to protect my privacy. If you use AI wisely, I’m sure it will help you a lot with your studies as well. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇要求考生给英国朋友Tom回封信，介绍你用AI辅助英语学习的经历、帮助及如何避免过度依赖。 【详解】1.词汇积累 使用：use→utilize 提高：improve→boost 帮助：help→assist 有害的：harmful→detrimental 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：But I also know over-reliance is harmful. So I always use AI as a helper, not a replacement.  拓展句：Because I also know over-reliance is harmful, I always use AI as a helper, not a replacement.  【点睛】[高分句型1] But I also know over-reliance is harmful. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that) [高分句型2] If you use AI wisely, I’m sure it will help you a lot with your studies as well. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句和that引导的宾语从句，省略了that) 五、读后续写：共1题，满分25分。 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Grandma’s old wooden mailbox, with a chipped blue coat (涂料层) and a slightly rusted hinge (铰链), had stood at the quiet corner of the community for 20 years. It was not just a simple mailbox, but a warm bond with the nearby three families. Every early morning, when the first ray of sunlight spilled over the roof, Grandma would put on her shoes, hold a small bamboo basket, and walk slowly to the corner with her slightly bent back. She would carefully collect her own letters and the daily newspapers for the elderly neighbors next door — Mr. Smith who suffered from leg pain and Ms. Brown who lived alone, both of whom could barely walk downstairs. Those newspapers were their main way to learn about the outside world, and Grandma’s small act of kindness had quietly lasted for years, warming the whole neighborhood. On a holiday afternoon, Tom, a college student majoring in architecture, came to visit Grandma as usual. When he turned the corner, he was shocked to find the mailbox lying on the ground, its wooden body split into several pieces. He glanced around instinctively and saw a man walking a large dog in the distance. There was a crumpled note stuck on the wall beside it, which read, “Sorry, my dog knocked your mailbox over accidentally. I’ll come to fix it later.” Seeing the broken mailbox and scattered wood pieces, Grandma sighed softly, her eyes filled with worry. She squatted down gently, stroked the worn wood with her rough hands, and murmured in a low voice, “What shall I do now?” Tom knew the elderly neighbors were heavily dependent on the newspapers. Without the mailbox, how could they get the news on time? What if the dog owner broke his promise and couldn’t fix the mailbox today? Watching Grandma’s helpless expression, he felt a strong desire in his heart. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右： （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Considering the mailbox too old, Tom decided to build a new one. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When all the preparations were done, the dog owner arrived. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Considering the mailbox too old, Tom decided to build a new one. He squatted down to comfort Grandma, saying he would make a new and stronger one to let the neighbors get newspapers on time. Grandma nodded in relief, her worry fading a little as she patted Tom’s hand. Tom quickly sketched a design on paper, and then hurried to a nearby hardware store to buy materials. After he returned, he laid out all materials neatly, measured and marked the boards precisely with a ruler, and got ready to craft the new mailbox. When all the preparations were done, the dog owner arrived. Looking guilty with a toolbox, he apologized sincerely, and explained his dog got excited when chasing a cat and knocked over the mailbox and that he’d been rushing over after handling his work to make up for it. Seeing Tom’s prepared materials and the sketch, he offered to help immediately. With Tom’s professional guidance on structure and his handy work with tools, they worked together smoothly to assemble, paint and install the mailbox. Grandma, Mr. Smith and Ms. Brown watched quietly, their faces full of joy and relief. Looking at the sturdy new blue mailbox, Tom realized architecture was not just about designing objects, but about using his skills to safeguard small kindnesses and build a more harmonious community. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述奶奶的旧木邮箱矗立社区二十年，是邻里间温暖的纽带。她常年帮行动不便的邻居取信送报，传递温暖。假期里，邮箱被路人的狗撞倒损坏，奶奶十分忧心。学建筑的大学生Tom见状，内心涌起强烈的想要帮忙的念头。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Tom觉得这个邮箱太旧了，决定做一个新的。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：Tom决定为奶奶做一个新邮箱，安慰老人后画图买料，认真准备制作。 ②由第二段首句内容“一切准备就绪时，狗主人赶到了。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：狗主人前来道歉并帮忙，二人合力做好新邮箱。Tom明白建筑可守护善意、共建和谐社区。 2.续写线索：Tom决定做一个新邮箱——画图买料——狗主人前来道歉并帮忙——合力完成——Tom的感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①蹲下：squat down/crouch down ②购买：buy/purchase ③解释：explain/interpret 情绪类 ①焦虑：worry/anxiety ②快乐：joy/happiness/delight 【点睛】[高分句型1] Grandma nodded in relief, her worry fading a little as she patted Tom’s hand. （运用了独立主格结构） [高分句型2] Seeing Tom’s prepared materials and the sketch, he offered to help immediately.（运用了现在分词 Seeing作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025～2026学年度第二学期期中调研测试 高二英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填涂在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 本卷满分150分，考试时长120分钟，考试结束后，只需上交答题卡。 一、阅读理解：本题共20小题，每小题2.5分，共50分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 A Crestwood Creative Art Festival Volunteer Call The festival’s immersive children’s zone, ArtVenture Hub, seeks energetic volunteers to facilitate hands-on activities, manage art supplies, and encourage our young creators. Expect a lively, joyful atmosphere — ArtVenture Hub is designed to spark imagination and foster playful learning for children and helpers alike. We invite you to join us from March 14th to March 16th. We depend on about 120 volunteers to operate six interactive stations, featuring activities such as collaborative mural painting, upcycled material crafts, sensory clay modeling, illustrated storytelling, paper engineering, and nature-inspired weaving. Our volunteers’ enthusiasm and dedication are essential to delivering an engaging and smooth festival experience. Apply To Volunteer Registration begins on January 10th. Early applicants (by February 18th) receive priority assignment. All applications must be submitted by the final deadline — March 5th. Volunteer Benefits ◇ A limited-edition festival volunteer T-shirt ◇ A meal voucher (票券) for use at any festival food vendor ◇ A 20% discount on purchases from featured artist booths ◇ A post-festival personalized thank-you certificate ◇ Free admission to select festival workshops on the day of service Volunteer Requirements ◇ Must be over 16 years of age ◇ Shifts are 2.5 hours in length (each volunteer can select 1 to 2 shifts for this festival) ◇ Full attendance for the selected shift is mandatory (强制的) ◇ On-site registration is not permitted under any circumstances ◇ A brief online training course must be completed during the week before the festival begins ◇For community service verification, documentation will be signed at the Volunteer Check-Out Tent within 15 minutes after the end of each shift; volunteers must present their own forms Contact & Registration Volunteer Coordinator: Naomi Shah (436-5867) Application Portal: volunteer.crestwoodfest.org 1. Which date qualifies volunteers for priority assignment? A. January 8th. B. February 13th. C. February 20th. D. March 15th. 2. What can volunteers receive for their service? A. A free ticket to all festival workshops. B. A volunteer T-shirt signed by featured artists. C. A food voucher valid at any festival vendors. D. A standard appreciation certificate available after each shift. 3. What are the volunteers required to do? A. Bring a completed form for check-in. B. Work for a minimum of two and a half hours. C. Arrive fifteen minutes prior to their shift start time. D. Complete the online training course two weeks prior to the festival. B In 2024, my niece Caroline received a Ph. D. in gravitational-wave physics. I watched a little of her dissertation defense(博士论文答辩) online, and was lost as soon as she finished introducing herself. Caroline’s academic achievements seem especially impressive if you know she could barely read until third grade. For her, words on a page looked like a jumping mass. A psychologist eventually identified her condition as dyslexia (读写障碍). Fluent readers sometimes think of dyslexia as a tendency to put letters in the wrong order, but it’s more complicated than that. People with dyslexia have varying degrees of difficulty not only with reading and writing but also with pronouncing new words, recalling known words, recognizing rhymes, dividing words into syllables (音节), and comprehending written material. Because a common strategy for avoiding the embarrassment of reading aloud is to act in a way that results in being sent to the principal’s office, dyslexic students are often treated primarily as discipline problems. The tragedy is compounded by the fact that proven methods for teaching dyslexic students — which enabled Caroline to become a fluent reader by middle school — have been known for decades, but many American schools don’t use those scientifically supported instructional methods. Caroline’s dyslexia was identified in second grade, and afterward she spent three years at Windward, a private school for children with language-based learning disabilities. Windward’s teachers follow highly structured lesson plans. In the program, students memorize rules about letter sounds, letter combinations, and grammar. They also receive instruction in essay organization and composition. When Caroline finished fifth grade and left Windward, her reading level was better than 95 percent of other students, and she later qualified for her new school’s gifted program. Windward had made her not only a fluent reader but also a skilled writer. Toward the end of her third year there, she wrote a poem that ended, “So come and read, so come and read, Come don those literary Wings!” 4. What can be inferred about Caroline’s dissertation defense? A. It lacked basic logic. B. It attracted a large audience. C. It made the author disappointed. D. It showed her academic advance. 5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning dyslexia? A. Its potential tendency. B. Its complex symptoms. C. Its relevant assumptions. D. Its theoretical foundation. 6. What does the underlined word “compounded” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Worsened. B. Simplified. C. Explained. D. Recorded. 7. What is a feature of Windward? A. It specializes in teaching poetry. B. It replaces conventional schools. C. It provides prizes for gifted students. D. It adopts a structured teaching program. C Imagine you’re out for an evening walk in a foreign city, looking to find a restaurant for dinner. If you’re like most people, you will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service.But is this true? In tourist areas, early diners have no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose, so they may have picked their evening eatery on a whim (一时兴起). Following passers- by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well- informed decision and blindly followed their example. This could have resulted in a snow- balling effect, whereby ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, creating a false impression of approval. Therefore, following the example of others could have led to a suboptimal (次优的) dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. Blindly copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behavior (从众行为).” It is a frequent occurrence among humans as well as many other animals. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. Average judgments of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort—after all, there’s “safety in numbers”—while helping to maintain a favorable fame. Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision; it is therefore an easy option. Herd behaviors, while common and easy to explain, hold significant dangers. Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which emerges when the judgments of individual group members are independently collected to produce an average opinion, herd behaviors typically rely on so-called “information cascades”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically evaluating the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of irrational or simply stupid behaviors. As a result, herding can have many undesirable outcomes, including negative influences on consumer choices, like in the restaurant example above. It appears there is no quick and easy fix to resist the lure (诱惑) of herd behavior. Instead, long-term attitude changes may be necessary, which could involve individuals adopting more critical approaches towards their peers’ opinion, and questioning others’ behaviors as opposed to blindly following them. 8. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed? A. By giving example. B. By presenting fact. C. By analyzing the cause and effect. D. By making comparison. 9. What is one reason why people tend to follow the crowd? A. It leads to average judgments. B. It brings a sense of security. C. It challenges a favorable reputation. D. It allows for better decision- making. 10. What does the underlined “information cascades” mean in Para 5? A. Adopting others’ beliefs or choices without evaluation. B. Critical evaluation of underlying reasons for choices. C. Average judgments formed by large groups of people. D. Independent collection of individual opinions and judgements. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Following the herd can greatly benefit us in various aspects. B. It is no easy task for people to resist the lure of herd behavior. C. It is unnecessary to think critically rather than follow the herd blindly. D. The busiest restaurant is not necessarily the best one in tourist areas. D Chaotan One, the world’s first commercial power generator that uses supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂), has begun operations in China. This achievement breaks a century-old tradition of using steam for power generation, marking a major improvement in efficiency. The invention of the steam engine was a first step towards the Industrial Revolution that changed the world. Over the years, the engine’s efficiency was further improved through different designs and fuels; however, the medium for doing work remained the same — steam. Scientists seeking further improvements in power efficiency noticed that a significant portion of energy is wasted generating steam to drive turbines (涡轮机). Water needs to be boiled first and needs to undergo a phase change to generate steam. Scientists have been looking for a better medium to replace steam. They found this in sCO₂. CO₂ exists as a gas at room temperature and can be cooled to form dry ice by reducing pressure and lowering temperature. When temperature is raised to 31°C, and pressure is increased to 7.37 MPa, CO₂ enters its supercritical state, where it exhibits properties of both a liquid and a gas. In applications such as moving a turbine, this is extremely useful since the gas-like state offers less resistance while the liquid-like state provides greater push power. The power generation process works like this: The CO₂ is first pressurized into a supercritical state. Then the sCO₂ passes through a heat exchanger, absorbing heat from an external heat source, and its temperature rises to 400 — 600℃ with a substantial increase in internal energy. After that, it enters a turbine and expands rapidly, driving it to move at a high speed and transforming thermal (热的) energy into mechanical energy, which is then further turned into electrical energy for output. The CO₂ remains in a supercritical state throughout the entire process, with no phase change loss. The success of the Chaotan One will likely start a new era in power generation, using CO₂ as a medium and bypassing the need to transform water into steam. 12. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2? A. Highlight the value of steam. B. Applaud the past contributions. C. Outline the Industrial Revolution. D. State the background of a new discovery. 13. What is the biggest problem with steam power generation? A. Energy-intensive. B. Labor-demanding. C. Noise-producing. D. Money-consuming. 14. What plays a key role in the high efficiency of Chaotan One? A. The durability of turbines. B. The quick commercialization of generators. C. The easy availability of CO₂. D. The continuity of CO₂’s supercritical state. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Unpredictable Changes of CO₂ B. Polarized Views on Chaotan One C. A Pioneering sCO₂ Power Generator D. A Breakthrough in Steam Engine 第二节 七选五（共5小题 满分12.5分） A lot of parents think kids want to spend all their time on social media, and that’s why it’s so hard to take away. But here’s the truth: ____16____ The reason they can’t decide not to use these apps for themselves is because they’re afraid of missing out on social opportunities, since so many young people maintain their friendships on these platforms. If parents all made the same decision not to let our kids use social media, we’d solve the problem for them. Even if only some parents restrict their kids’ use, it will be enough to force teens to find other ways of communicating. When I talk to parents and teachers about this, I like to start by telling them about a 2023 study in which college students were asked how much money researchers would have to pay them not to use social media accounts for a month. ____17____ Actually, the average amount they wanted was $50, and the median (中位数), $30, was even lower. Then the researchers asked the students how much they’d have to pay them to deactivate their accounts if their friends did the same thing. The answer is: ____18____ No audience member of mine has ever correctly guessed the result. In situations like this, our job as parents is to step in and help our kids. If parents all told our kids they’re not allowed to use social media until they’re 16 years old, none of them would face the dilemma (窘境) of losing social opportunities in the first place. Even if only a few of their friends don’t have social media, they won’t be pariahs (被遗弃的人). ____19____ Instead of seeing pictures of the parties to which they weren’t invited on social apps, they could text with their friends on flip (老式翻盖) phones to make plans — or call and chat. ____20____ Instead of following the polished versions of one another’s lives, they could get together in person and talk about how they’re really doing. A. Kids will probably worry about it. B. Our responsibility here is no different. C. Many teenagers recognize that social media is unhealthy. D. The students were willing to pay the researchers to make this happen. E. So talk to the parents of your kids’ friends and get them to do the same thing. F. My audience typically guesses that the students demanded tens of thousands of dollars. G. Chat groups with people kids know are a good alternative to conversations on social apps. 二、完形填空：本题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 The Oklahoma Academy girls’ basketball team faced a dilemma. After their dramatic championship win, coach Brendan King couldn’t escape a growing ____21____ of anxiety. That night, he reviewed the game tape at home, carefully ____22____ every point. His doubt was ____23____; they had actually lost by one point. A shot that appeared to miss was ____24____ recorded as a basket. The next morning, King ____25____ the news. The players arrived still ____26____ from their victory, only to learn the truth. “I’m still proud of you,” he said with certainty, but it was a bitter pill to ____27____. Policy stated the result was final, yet within minutes the team saw eye to eye — they would ____28____ the medal to Apache High School. King drove 90 minutes to Apache. Their coach, Amy, had also ____29____ the error but was told the score couldn’t change. After examining King’s report, officials made an ____30____, officially recognizing Apache as champions. In the gym, King ____31____ the medal. The Apache players reproduced the game-winning shot — this time ____32____ for real. “He didn’t have to do that,” Amy said. “Most coaches wouldn’t have.” This story reminds us that true ____33____ isn’t just about winning on the scoreboard. It’s about having the ____34____ to admit mistakes and the grace to do what’s right, even when it ____35____. The Academy team lost the game but won something far greater: their integrity. 21. A. dream B. sense C. chance D. picture 22. A. collecting B. counting C. recording D. achieving 23. A. confirmed B. contradicted C. resolved D. acknowledged 24. A. informally B. regularly C. mistakenly D. automatically 25. A. exchanged B. gathered C. invented D. broke 26. A. overjoyed B. embarrassed C. relaxed D. ashamed 27. A. taste B. choose C. digest D. swallow 28. A. gain B. receive C. return D. keep 29. A. explained B. believed C. noticed D. imagined 30. A. appointment B. attempt C. appeal D. exception 31. A. handed over B. put away C. took over D. showed off 32. A. performing B. celebrating C. interviewing D. competing 33. A. ambition B. reputation C. responsibility D. victory 34. A. courage B. opportunity C. strength D. interest 35. A. pays B. helps C. costs D. matters 三、语法填空：本题共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分。 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The grand conclusion of the 16th Budapest International Circus Festival, ____36____ featured a high-profile closing ceremony and award presentation, was held on Jan 12. Two original acrobatic (杂技) works, Time — Hoop Diving by China National Acrobatic Troupe and Mom’s Pride — Contortion with Glasses by Beijing Acrobatic School, ____37____ (claim) the Grand Prix, the festival’s highest honor, earning critical praise for their creative integration of tradition with modern artistic styles. Since its founding in 1996, the festival has become one of the world’s most ____38____ (influence) circus competitions, held every two years. The Grand Prix is presented only ____39____ the festival judging panel identifies a performance that goes beyond excellence. This year, 200 artists from over 20 countries and regions competed fiercely ____40____ top honors with extraordinary acrobatic skills. Both ____41____ (win) performances represent the depth of contemporary Chinese acrobatics, using distinct physical expressions to tell fascinating stories. In a strategic move that further solidifies the partnership between China and Hungary, a cooperation agreement, ____42____ (sign) by four institutions at the closing ceremony of the festival, ____43____ (notable) marks the establishment of the Chinese Acrobatic Troupe European Performance Base in Budapest. This strategic partnership is not only ____44____ union of artistic institutions, but a powerful step forward in fostering cultural exchanges. It aims to promote circus arts across Europe, enhancing the ecological development of the industry ____45____ enriching cultural understanding between East and West. 四、书面表达：共1题，满分15分。 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom来信询问你用AI辅助英语学习的经历、帮助及如何避免过度依赖。请根据上面的要点给他回信。 注意： (1)写作词数应为100个左右； (2)信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数。 Dear Tom, I’m delighted to hear you’re interested in using AI to help with my English learning. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 五、读后续写：共1题，满分25分。 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Grandma’s old wooden mailbox, with a chipped blue coat (涂料层) and a slightly rusted hinge (铰链), had stood at the quiet corner of the community for 20 years. It was not just a simple mailbox, but a warm bond with the nearby three families. Every early morning, when the first ray of sunlight spilled over the roof, Grandma would put on her shoes, hold a small bamboo basket, and walk slowly to the corner with her slightly bent back. She would carefully collect her own letters and the daily newspapers for the elderly neighbors next door — Mr. Smith who suffered from leg pain and Ms. Brown who lived alone, both of whom could barely walk downstairs. Those newspapers were their main way to learn about the outside world, and Grandma’s small act of kindness had quietly lasted for years, warming the whole neighborhood. On a holiday afternoon, Tom, a college student majoring in architecture, came to visit Grandma as usual. When he turned the corner, he was shocked to find the mailbox lying on the ground, its wooden body split into several pieces. He glanced around instinctively and saw a man walking a large dog in the distance. There was a crumpled note stuck on the wall beside it, which read, “Sorry, my dog knocked your mailbox over accidentally. I’ll come to fix it later.” Seeing the broken mailbox and scattered wood pieces, Grandma sighed softly, her eyes filled with worry. She squatted down gently, stroked the worn wood with her rough hands, and murmured in a low voice, “What shall I do now?” Tom knew the elderly neighbors were heavily dependent on the newspapers. Without the mailbox, how could they get the news on time? What if the dog owner broke his promise and couldn’t fix the mailbox today? Watching Grandma’s helpless expression, he felt a strong desire in his heart. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右： （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Considering the mailbox too old, Tom decided to build a new one. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When all the preparations were done, the dog owner arrived. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $