人教版2026年中考英语形近词近义词易混辨析(共三类50组)
英语形近近义词辨析
一、必考核心组
1.clothes / cloth / clothing
[易混词]clothes / cloth / clothing
[核心区分]clothes 统指衣服,谓语动词永远是复数;cloth 指布,不可数名词;clothing 指服装的总称,一件衣服用 a piece of / an article of。
[真题例句]These clothes are new. / She bought a piece of cloth. / We need warm clothing for winter.
[答题技巧]看到谓语动词是复数→选 clothes;看到 a piece of →选 cloth 或 clothing。
2.incident / accident
[易混词]incident / accident
[核心区分]incident 指小事件、插曲,情感中性;accident 指不幸的事故,强调意外受伤。
[真题例句]He was killed in the traffic accident.(2023北京)
[答题技巧]题干出现 killed、injured、hurt、traffic→选 accident。
3.amount / number
[易混词]amount / number
[核心区分]amount 后接不可数名词;number 后接可数名词。
[真题例句]A large amount of money was spent on the project.(2024广州)
[答题技巧]看空格后名词:可数(students/books)→ a number of;不可数(water/money)→ an amount of。
4.family / house / home
[易混词]family / house / home
[核心区分]home 指家(包括住处和家人),house 指房子建筑,family 指家庭成员。
[真题例句]My family is a happy one. We love each other.(2022上海)
[答题技巧]说“家人”用 family,说“房子大小”用 house,说“温暖归属”用 home。
5.sound / voice / noise
[易混词]sound / voice / noise
[核心区分]sound 指自然界各种声音;voice 特指人的嗓音;noise 指噪音,令人不悦。
[真题例句]I hate the loud noise outside. I can't sleep.(2023深圳)
[答题技巧]好听/人的→voice;吵闹/烦人的→noise;中性→sound。
6.photo / picture / drawing
[易混词]photo / picture / drawing
[核心区分]photo 用相机拍摄;picture 范围最广(照片/图片/电影);drawing 手绘素描。
[真题例句]Let's go and see a good picture.(2021杭州)
[答题技巧]不确定时选 picture 最保险。
7.population / people
[易混词]population / people
[核心区分]population 指人口数量,谓语用单数;people 指具体的人,谓语用复数。
[真题例句]China has a large population.(2023成都)
[答题技巧]问“人口多少”→population;问“来了多少人”→people。
8.weather / climate
[易混词]weather / climate
[核心区分]weather 指一天内具体天气;climate 指长期气候状况。
[真题例句]The climate here is not good for your health.(2024南京)
[答题技巧]出现 always/usually/in this area→选 climate。
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9.price / prize
[易混词]price / prize
[核心区分]price 指价格;prize 指奖品、奖金。
[真题例句]He won the first prize in the speech competition.(2022武汉)
[答题技巧]花钱→price;得奖→prize。
[口诀]price是钱,prize是奖。
10.road / street / path / way
[易混词]road / street / path / way
[核心区分]road 公路;street 街道;path 小径;way 道路/途径。
[真题例句]Can you show me the way to the nearest bank?(2023长沙)
[答题技巧]问路永远用 way。
11.say / speak / tell / talk
[易混词]say / speak / tell / talk
[核心区分]say 说内容;speak 说语言/发言;tell 告诉/讲述;talk 交谈。
[真题例句]He told me his name, but I forgot it.(2024天津)
[答题技巧]tell后必须跟人(tell me);say后直接跟内容(say hello);后跟语言用 speak。
12.look / see / watch / read
[易混词]look / see / watch / read
[核心区分]look 看动作;see 看见结果;watch 注视动态;read 阅读文字。
[真题例句]Look at the blackboard carefully, please.(2023青岛)
[答题技巧]电视/比赛→watch;书/报纸→read;风景/结果→see;黑板/图片(动作)→look at。
13.listen / hear
[易混词]listen / hear
[核心区分]listen 听动作;hear 听到结果。
[真题例句]I listened but heard nothing.(2024南昌)
[答题技巧]listen + to;hear 不接 to。
14.bring / take / fetch / carry
[易混词]bring / take / fetch / carry
[核心区分]bring 带来;take 带走;fetch 去拿来;carry 搬运。
[真题例句]Please take the book to the library when you go.(2022福州)
[答题技巧]来 bring,去 take,来回 fetch,扛着 carry。
15.borrow / lend
[易混词]borrow / lend
[核心区分]borrow 借入(from);lend 借出(to)。
[真题例句]Could you lend me your dictionary?(2023合肥)
[答题技巧]from跟borrow,to跟lend。
16.spend / cost / take / pay
[易混词]spend / cost / take / pay
[核心区分]spend 人花时间/钱(on);cost 物花钱;take 物花时间;pay 人付钱(for)。
[真题例句]I spent 100 yuan on this book.(2024郑州)
[答题技巧]人花时间/钱→spend;物花钱→cost;物花时间→take;人付款→pay for。
17.hope / wish
[易混词]hope / wish
[核心区分]hope 希望可能实现;wish 愿望难实现/祝福。
[真题例句]I wish you a happy birthday!(2023厦门)
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[答题技巧]祝福用 wish;可能实现用 hope。
18.find / look for
[易混词]find / look for
[核心区分]look for 寻找过程;find 找到结果。
[真题例句]I looked for my pen everywhere, but I can't find it.(2022南宁)
[答题技巧]过程用 look for,结果用 find。
19.between / among
[易混词]between / among
[核心区分]between 两者之间;among 三者及以上之间。
[真题例句]The teacher sat among the students.(2024贵阳)
[答题技巧]between A and B;among + 复数名词。
20.in front of / in the front of
[易混词]in front of / in the front of
[核心区分]in front of 范围外前面;in the front of 范围内前部。
[真题例句]There is a big tree in front of the building.(2023昆明)
[答题技巧]有‘the’在里面,就是在里面。
二、高频易混组
21.bad / badly
[易混词]bad / badly
[核心区分]bad 形容词“坏的”;badly 副词“严重地/非常”。
[真题例句]I need the book badly.
[答题技巧]bad 修名词;badly 修动词,与 need/want 连用表“非常”。
22.beat / win
[易混词]beat / win
[核心区分]beat 打败(人/队);win 赢得(比赛/奖品)。
[真题例句]Our class beat theirs in the football match.
[答题技巧]beat somebody, win something。
23.cook / cooker
[易混词]cook / cooker
[核心区分]cook 厨师;cooker 厨具。
[真题例句]My mother is a good cook.
[答题技巧]人是 cook,锅是 cooker。
24.cross / across
[易混词]cross / across
[核心区分]cross 动词“穿过”;across 介词“横穿”。
[真题例句]Be careful when you cross the road.
[答题技巧]cross 是动词;across 跟在动词后(walk across)。
25.diary / dairy
[易混词]diary / dairy
[核心区分]diary 日记;dairy 乳制品。
[真题例句]I keep a diary every day. / Dairy products are healthy.
[答题技巧]写的是 diary,喝的是 dairy。
26.history / story
[易混词]history / story
[核心区分]history 历史(真实);story 故事(可虚构)。
[真题例句]Tell me a story.
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