2026届高考英语三轮押题03：完形填空之说明文、议论文（新高考通用）

**基本信息** 聚焦完形填空说明文与议论文专项，通过近3年高考真题考点分析，以话题分类构建知识逻辑，覆盖高频考点与核心素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |说明文|5篇（青年社交、大黄蜂研究等）|侧重事理逻辑、专业词汇辨析，动词/名词为核心考点|以“原理/现象-措施-意义”结构串联语境逻辑，培养语言理解与科学思维| |议论文|5篇（克服弱点、数据与直觉等）|强调观点论证、态度词汇与逻辑递进，连接词为拉分点|通过“观点-论据-结论”链条训练批判性思维，提升跨文化沟通与价值判断能力|

2026年高考英语三轮押题03：完形填空之说明文、议论文 押题依据 年份 试卷类型 体裁 主题 话题 考点分布 押题依据 2025 新高考 Ⅰ 卷 说明文 科技与生活 智能家居的节能原理与生活应用 动词 6 个、名词 5 个、形容词 3 个、副词 1 个、逻辑连词 2 个；侧重事理说明、专业词汇辨析、因果逻辑衔接 紧扣科技生活化热点，说明文 “原理 + 应用” 经典结构；动词 / 名词为核心考查点，逻辑连词凸显行文逻辑，契合新高考命题风格 2025 新高考 Ⅱ 卷 议论文 文化自信 青年在跨文化交流中坚守本土文化的意义 动词 5 个、名词 6 个、形容词 3 个、介词 2 个；侧重观点论证、态度词汇辨析、篇章逻辑递进 聚焦文化传承与青年担当，贴合 “立德树人” 导向；议论文 “观点 + 论据” 结构清晰，态度类形容词、逻辑连词为高频考点 2024 新高考 Ⅰ 卷 说明文 生态保护 生物多样性保护的技术手段与社会价值 动词 7 个、名词 5 个、形容词 2 个、副词 1 个、介词 1 个；侧重概念解释、动作描述、因果逻辑 紧跟生态保护国家战略，说明文 “定义 + 措施 + 意义” 结构；动词搭配与语境逻辑为核心，符合新高考 Ⅰ 卷难度梯度 2024 新高考 Ⅱ 卷 议论文 成长价值 自主学习能力对青少年终身发展的重要性 动词 6 个、名词 5 个、形容词 3 个、副词 2 个；侧重论点支撑、逻辑连词运用、情感态度判断 聚焦青少年核心素养培养，贴合 “五育并举” 导向；议论文逻辑链条清晰，词义辨析与逻辑判断为拉分点 2023 新高考 Ⅰ 卷 说明文 健康科普 合理膳食与青少年体质提升的科学关联 动词 6 个、名词 4 个、形容词 3 个、副词 2 个；侧重客观数据呈现、细节匹配、固定搭配 贴近青少年健康热点，选材生活化、语言通俗化；考点覆盖基础词汇与固定搭配，适配新高考 Ⅰ 卷基础题占比 2023 新高考 Ⅱ 卷 议论文 社会风尚 志愿服务对构建和谐社会的积极作用 动词 5 个、名词 5 个、形容词 4 个、连接词 1 个；侧重观点表达、论据分析、情感倾向 聚焦社会责任与公益精神，契合高考价值导向；议论文 “观点 + 实例” 结构，情感态度类词汇与逻辑分析为考查重点 押题预测 核心题型及具体解决方法 题型一、说明文 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 270 词 青年社交隔阂与联结项目 说明文 语境逻辑、形容词 / 动词辨析、代词指代、短语搭配、主旨呼应 聚焦人与社会、人际成长，贴近校园生活，情感与叙事双线，高频完形题材 As a psychology professor, I’ve studied the happiness curve for years. But looking at the 1 faces in my classroom, I felt my research wasn’t helping. Young adults increasingly report lower levels of 2 than middle-aged and older adults. One day, I tried something 3 . I asked my class: “Do you think the students around you are 4 ?” Most hands went up. Then I asked: “Do you think others see you as cold too?” Nearly every hand 5 . Then I showed them our survey results: 92% of those surveyed wanted deeper 6 , and 85% were ready to help a classmate in need. The room went quiet. The results had surprised them. A girl whispered, “But Professor, everyone wears headphones and always looks 7 .” “We usually 8 how friendly and kind we all are,” I explained. So we 9 the Connection Project. We put posters up in dormitories and also 10 students to take chances on each other. Mark, a silent freshman, dined with three unfamiliar 11 . Soon they became a learning circle. “We weren’t really enjoying being alone — we were just too 12 to reach out,” Mark told us. Six months later participants reported 30% higher happiness and, 13 , four new friends. On the last day of my course, I closed my notebook and said, “Happiness isn’t a fruit you enjoy 14 , but a garden we grow together. We must jump into the social waters, even when staying on 15 is safer.” 1．A．excited B．blank C．angry D．smiling 2．A．anxiety B．pressure C．education D．happiness 3．A．fun B．different C．easy D．risky 4．A．cruel B．proud C．unfriendly D．smart 5．A．stayed up B．reached out C．pulled back D．went down 6．A．investigations B．connections C．thoughts D．learning 7．A．tired B．concerned C．busy D．alert 8．A．highlight B．wonder C．appreciate D．underestimate 9．A．supported B．modified C．designed D．launched 10．A．forced B．allowed C．encouraged D．challenged 11．A．volunteers B．professors C．classmates D．relatives 12．A．shy B．lazy C．modest D．polite 13．A．for instance B．in total C．as usual D．on average 14．A．alone B．most C．secretly D．freely 15．A．stage B．shore C．site D．campus 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】心理学教授发现青年普遍低估他人善意，彼此心存隔阂。校方开展社交联结活动，鼓励学生主动交往。参与后大家幸福感显著提升，也领悟到幸福需要主动相处、携手共创。 【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：但看着教室里茫然的脸庞，我发觉自己的研究收效甚微。A. excited兴奋的；B. blank茫然的；C. angry生气的；D. smiling微笑的。后文“Young adults increasingly report lower levels of ____ than middle-aged and older adults.”提及年轻人幸福感偏低，神情低落茫然，故选B。 2．考查名词。句意：年轻人自述的幸福感越来越低于中老年人。A. anxiety焦虑；B. pressure压力；C. education教育；D. happiness幸福。根据上文“As a psychology professor, I’ve studied the happiness curve for years.”可知，开篇点明研究幸福曲线，说明是年轻人自述的幸福感越来越低于中老年人。 3．考查形容词。句意：某天我尝试了别样的做法。A. fun有趣的；B. different不同的；C. easy简单的；D. risky冒险的。根据后文“Do you think the students around you are”可知，作者一改常规研究方式，开展课堂提问。 4．考查形容词。句意：你们觉得身边同学待人冷淡吗。A. cruel残忍的；B. proud骄傲的；C. unfriendly不友善的；D. smart聪明的。下文“Do you think others see you as cold too?”出现cold对应词义。 5．考查动词短语。句意：几乎每个人的双手都高高举起。A. stayed up保持原位，熬夜；B. reached out伸出；C. pulled back撤回；D. went down降下。根据上文提到年轻人自述的幸福感越来越低于中老年人，说明认为别人也认为自己很冷漠，所以大家还是举着手。 6．考查名词。句意：然后我向他们展示了我们的调查结果：接受调查的92%的人希望建立更紧密的联系，而85%的人愿意在同学有需要时伸出援手。A. investigations调查；B. connections联系；C. thoughts想法；D. learning学习。根据后文“85% were ready to help a classmate in need.”以及文章围绕人际交往展开，推测接受调查的92%的人希望建立更紧密的联系。 7．考查形容词。句意：一个女孩小声说道：“但是教授，大家都戴着耳机，而且总是看起来很忙碌。”A. tired疲惫的；B. concerned担忧的；C. busy忙碌的；D. alert警觉的。根据上文“everyone wears headphones”可知，戴耳机呈现出无暇交流的状态。 8．考查动词。句意：我们往往低估了彼此的友善与热心。A. highlight强调；B. wonder疑惑；C. appreciate感激；D. underestimate低估。根据上文“The results had surprised them.”可知，人们误解彼此态度，低估善意。 9．考查动词。句意：于是我们发起联结项目。A. supported支持；B. modified修改；C. designed设计；D. launched发起。根据后文“the Connection Project”开创活动项目常用launch。 10．考查动词。句意：我们在宿舍里张贴了海报，并且还鼓励学生们相互信任、相互支持。A. forced逼迫；B. allowed允许；C. encouraged鼓励；D. challenged挑战。根据后文“students to take chances on each other”可知，贴海报是为了倡导大家主动交往。 11．考查名词。句意：马克是一名沉默寡言的大一新生，他与三位陌生的同学一起用餐。A. volunteers志愿者；B. professors教授；C. classmates同学；D. relatives亲属。根据上文“students to take chances on each other”可知，校园场景交往对象为同学。 12．考查形容词。句意：我们并非享受独处，只是怯于主动靠近。A. shy腼腆的；B. lazy懒惰的；C. modest谦逊的；D. polite礼貌的。根据上文“We weren’t really enjoying being alone”可知，不敢主动交流是性格羞怯所致。 13．考查短语。句意：六个月后参与者幸福感平均提升三成，人均收获四位新朋友。A. for instance例如；B. in total总共；C. as usual照例；D. on average平均。根据上文“Six months later participants reported 30% higher happiness and”可知，统计整体人均数据。 14．考查副词。句意：在我课程的最后一天，我合上笔记本说道：“幸福不是你独自享用的果实，而是一个我们共同培育的花园。”A. alone独自地；B. most大多；C. secretly隐秘地；D. freely自由地。和后文“but a garden we grow together”共同成长形成对比，指独自享用果实。 15．考查名词。句意：即便停留在岸边更安稳，我们也要主动踏入社交洪流。A. stage舞台；B. shore岸边；C. site地点；D. campus校园。根据上文“We must jump into the social waters”可知，用水岸比喻封闭自我的状态。 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 280 词 大黄蜂时间感知能力研究 说明文 动词 / 名词辨析、逻辑连接、固定搭配、科普语境理解 人与自然 / 科学探索，科普类完形高频，侧重逻辑与词义辨析 A new study has found that bumblebees can process the duration of light flashes and use this information to find food. This is the 16 evidence of such an ability in insects, according to Elisabetta Versace from Queen Mary University of London. Versace told CNN that the finding could settle a long-standing debate among scientists about whether insects are able to process complex patterns, as many experts previously 17 their cognitive (认知) abilities. “In the past, people thought insects were just simple reflex machines without any flexibility,” Versace explained. To test their idea and prove that bees could process time-related information, the researchers built a(n) 18 designed maze (迷宫) where individual bumblebees traveled when leaving their nests for food. In the maze, the bees were shown two distinct 19 clues: one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds. When the bees approached these 20 circles, they found sweet, preferred food at one and bitter, unwanted food at the other. Even though the circles’ positions changed in each part of the maze, the bees gradually learned over time to fly toward the 21 flash, which was consistently linked to the sweet food. To 22 the possibility that the bees were relying on seeing or smelling the sweet food, Versace and her team members then tested the bees’ behavior when no food was present at all. They found that the bees could still tell the circles apart based 23 on flash duration, not other potential cues like color or shape. “This shows the bees are 24 using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking choices,” she said. Versace noted that the bees’ ability to use such novel stimuli—flashes they would never encounter in their natural environment — to solve tasks flexibly is truly 25 . “This finding makes perfect sense, as bees must carefully manage their time while looking for food to maximize rewards and minimize the 26 of returning to the nest,” she said. The study also found that bumblebees are among a small group of animals, including humans and pigeons, that can 27 between short and long flashes, a skill humans use to understand Morse code, where short and long signals represent different letters. While the neural mechanisms (神经机制) behind bees’ 28 ability remain unclear, the team plans to investigate them further in future research. They also aim to study bees living freely in colonies rather than individually, and explore why some bees learn to 29 time duration faster than others. The findings 30 the long-held idea that bees are just instinct-driven machines. Besides, they highlight bees’ complex cognition and offer new insights into how animals perceive time. 16．A．direct B．first C．concrete D．physical 17．A．developed B．possessed C．demonstrated D．underestimated 18．A．abstractly B．carefully C．complexly D．conventionally 19．A．visual B．verbal C．potential D．important 20．A．dark B．wide C．complete D．respective 21．A．short B．bright C．sudden D．complete 22．A．allow for B．look into C．rule out D．open up 23．A．typically B．simply C．specially D．purposefully 24．A．actually B．accidentally C．maximumly D．casually 25．A．unique B．doubtful C．remarkable D．measurable 26．A．fees B．rates C．costs D．losses 27．A．shift B．range C．alternate D．distinguish 28．A．food-seeking B．time-setting C．time-judging D．food-processing 29．A．assess B．reduce C．invest D．combine 30．A．convey B．develop C．explore D．challenge 【答案】 16．B 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．D 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．D 【导语】研究发现大黄蜂可凭借闪光时长辨别信号、指导觅食，拥有判断时间的认知能力，颠覆了蜜蜂仅靠本能行事的传统认知。 16．考查形容词。句意：据伦敦玛丽女王大学的伊丽莎白·韦尔萨奇博士称，这是昆虫具备这种能力的首个证据。A. direct直接的；B. first首次的；C. concrete具体的；D. physical身体的。前文提到一项新研究发现大黄蜂能处理闪光时长并借此觅食，后文提及此前科学界长期存在争议，说明这是首次发现昆虫有该能力。 17．考查动词。句意：韦尔萨奇告诉美国有线电视新闻网，这一发现有望平息科学界长期以来关于昆虫能否处理复杂模式的争论，因为许多专家此前低估了它们的认知能力。A. developed发展；B. possessed拥有；C. demonstrated展示；D. underestimated低估。由后文“In the past, people thought insects were just simple reflex machines without any flexibility”人们曾认为昆虫只是简单的反射机器、毫无灵活性可知，专家以往低估了昆虫认知水平。 18．考查副词。句意：为验证猜想并证明蜜蜂能够处理与时间相关的信息，研究人员搭建了一个精心设计的迷宫，大黄蜂离开巢穴觅食时会在其中穿行。A. abstractly抽象地；B. carefully精心地；C. complexly复杂地；D. conventionally传统地。根据后文“designed maze (迷宫)where individual bumblebees traveled when leaving their nests for food”可知，实验用的迷宫是科研人员为实验专门精心设计的。 19．考查形容词。句意：在迷宫中，研究人员向蜜蜂展示了两种截然不同的视觉线索：一个圆圈短暂闪烁0.5秒，另一个闪烁时长更长，为5秒。A. visual视觉的；B. verbal言语的；C. potential潜在的；D. important重要的。根据后文“one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds”可知，闪光圆圈属于视觉上的信号线索。 20．考查形容词。句意：当蜜蜂靠近这些各自对应的圆圈时，它们会在其中一处找到喜爱的甜食，在另一处吃到不想要的苦味食物。A. dark黑暗的；B. wide宽阔的；C. complete完整的；D. respective各自的。根据上文“one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds.”可知，此处指两个不同时长、各自对应的闪光圆圈。 21．考查形容词。句意：尽管在迷宫的不同区域，这些圆圈的位置有所变化，但随着时间的推移，蜜蜂逐渐学会了朝着“短暂的闪光”方向飞行，而这种短暂的闪光总是与美味的食物相关联。A. short短的；B. bright明亮的；C. sudden突然的；D. complete完整的。前文“one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds.”给出0.5秒短闪光和5秒长闪光两组对比，蜜蜂记住短闪光对应美食。 22．考查动词短语。句意：为排除蜜蜂依靠看见或闻到甜食的可能性，韦尔萨奇及其团队随后在完全不放置食物的情况下测试蜜蜂的行为。A. allow for考虑到；B. look into调查；C. rule out排除；D. open up开启。根据后文“the possibility that the bees were relying on seeing or smelling the sweet food, Versace and her team members then tested the bees’ behavior when no food was present at all”可知，科研人员做无食物测试是为排除其他干扰因素。 23．考查副词。句意：他们发现蜜蜂仍然能够仅仅依据闪光时长区分圆圈，而非依靠颜色、形状等其他潜在线索。A. typically典型地；B. simply仅仅；C. specially特别地；D. purposefully有意地。根据后文“on flash duration, not other potential cues like color or shape”指实验证明蜜蜂只凭借闪光时长判断，无其他辅助线索。 24．考查副词。句意：“这表明蜜蜂实际上是利用闪光之间的时差来决定寻找食物的方向的。”她说道。A. actually实际上；B. accidentally意外地；C. maximumly最大程度地；D. casually随意地。根据后文“using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking choices”可知，实验结果证实蜜蜂确实依靠时间差做选择，actually表实际情况。 25．考查形容词。句意：韦尔萨奇指出，蜜蜂能够利用这种在自然环境中从未接触过的新奇闪光刺激灵活完成任务，这一点着实令人瞩目。A. unique独特的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. remarkable显著的、引人瞩目的；D. measurable可测量的。根据上文“flashes they would never encounter in their natural environment—to solve tasks flexibly”可知，昆虫具备这种特殊认知能力是很了不起、值得关注的。 26．考查名词。句意：这一发现合乎情理，因为蜜蜂觅食时必须合理把控时间，以求收益最大化，并减少归巢的损失。A. fees费用；B. rates比率；C. costs成本；D. losses损失。根据上文“as bees must carefully manage their time while looking for food to maximize rewards and minimize the”可知，蜜蜂高效把控觅食时间可降低归巢途中的损耗与损失。 27．考查动词。句意：该研究还发现，大黄蜂与人类、鸽子等少数动物一样，能够区分短闪光和长闪光，人类也凭借这项技能解读摩尔斯电码，长短信号代表不同字母。A. shift转移；B. range涵盖；C. alternate交替；D. distinguish区分。根据后文“between short and long flashes, a skill humans use to understand Morse code”可知，大黄蜂能够区分短闪光和长闪光，人类也凭借这项技能解读摩尔斯电码，distinguish between为固定搭配，意为区分两者。 28．考查形容词。句意：尽管蜜蜂这种判断时间的能力背后的神经机制尚不清楚，但该团队计划在未来研究中进一步探究。A. food-seeking觅食的；B. time-setting定时的；C. time-judging判时的；D. food-processing食物处理的。根据上文“using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking choices”以及全文核心是蜜蜂判断闪光时长、感知时间的能力。 29．考查动词。句意：他们还计划研究群居而非独居的蜜蜂，并探究为何有些蜜蜂能更快学会评估时间长短。A. assess评估、判断；B. reduce减少；C. invest投资；D. combine结合。根据后文“time duration faster than others”可知，此处指蜜蜂学习判断、评估时间时长。 30．考查动词。句意：这些研究结果挑战了长久以来认为蜜蜂只是受本能驱使的机器这一观点。A. convey传达；B. develop发展；C. explore探索；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“the long-held idea that bees are just instinct-driven machines”以及新研究证明蜜蜂有复杂认知，颠覆了以往固有看法，即挑战旧观点。 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 290 词 大英博物馆文物修复理念 说明文 形容词 / 名词辨析、语境呼应、词义复现、文化类词汇 文化遗产、工匠精神，人文价值导向，高考常考文化主题 In the quiet, dust-moted corners of the British Museum, a silent battle is being waged against the relentless march of time. Here, the “restorers” work with a blend of scientific precision and artistic intuition. Their mission is not to make ancient artifacts look new, but to stabilize them, preserving the 31 of history for future generations. One such artifact is a fractured Roman vase, shattered into hundreds of pieces. To the untrained eye, it is a pile of 32 shards. To the restorer, it is a three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle waiting to be solved. The process begins with meticulous cleaning. Every speck of dirt must be removed, not with harsh chemicals, but with gentle solvents that respect the 33 material. The most challenging phase is the reassembly. The restorer must hold the fragile pieces together, often without adhesive at first, to understand the 34 structure. It requires a steady hand and immense patience. A moment of 35 could result in irreversible damage. “You have to listen to the object,” says Elena, a senior conservator. “It tells you where it wants to go.” Once the structure is understood, a reversible adhesive is applied. The choice of glue is critical; it must be strong enough to hold the weight but 36 enough to be removed by future conservators who might have better technology. This principle of reversibility is the 37 of modern conservation ethics. We do not impose our will on the past; we merely 38 it. There are gaps, of course — missing pieces that were lost centuries ago. In the past, restorers might have 39 these gaps with new clay, trying to deceive the viewer. Today, the philosophy is different. Missing parts are filled with a neutral material, clearly 40 from the original, so that the viewer can distinguish between the ancient craft and the modern repair. Honesty, in this profession, is 41 . The work is slow, often taking months for a single object. It is not a job for those seeking 42 gratification. The reward is subtle. It comes in the quiet satisfaction of seeing a broken object become whole again, or in the knowledge that a piece of human heritage has been 43 from the jaws of oblivion. In a world that values speed and novelty, these restorers stand as guardians of 44 . They remind us that while empires fall and civilizations crumble, the human touch — the fingerprint on the clay, the brushstroke on the canvas — can 45 , if only we care enough to save it. 31．A．dignity B．weight C．length D．width 32．A．precious B．worthless C．decorative D．ancient 33．A．fragile B．rigid C．flexible D．solid 34．A．external B．internal C．original D．final 35．A．hesitation B．inspiration C．distraction D．determination 36．A．permanent B．soluble C．invisible D．durable 37．A．violation B．cornerstone C．outcome D．suspicion 38．A．facilitate B．dominate C．ignore D．evaluate 39．A．exposed B．bridged C．fabricated D．enlarged 40．A．inseparable B．indistinguishable C．distinguishable D．detachable 41．A．optional B．paramount C．subjective D．controversial 42．A．delayed B．spiritual C．immediate D．emotional 43．A．rescued B．isolated C．excluded D．erased 44．A．innovation B．efficiency C．profit D．permanence 45．A．fade B．endure C．vanish D．collapse 【答案】 31．A 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．C 36．B 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．C 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．B 【导语】文章介绍大英博物馆文物修复工作、修复原则以及文物修复的意义与价值。 31．考查名词。句意：他们的使命不是让古老的文物焕然一新，而是稳固文物，为后代留存历史的尊严。A. dignity尊严；B. weight重量；C. length长度；D. width宽度。根据前文“Their mission is not to make ancient artifacts look new, but to stabilize them”可知，修复文物是为了留存历史尊严。 32．考查形容词。句意：对于没有受过训练的人来说，它是一堆毫无价值的碎片。A. precious珍贵的；B. worthless无价值的；C. decorative装饰性的；D. ancient古代的。根据前文“shattered into hundreds of pieces”可知，文物碎成很多片，对于没有受过训练的人来说，这些碎片是无价值的。 33．考查形容词。句意：每一粒灰尘都必须清除，不是用强力的化学物质，而是用温和的溶剂，以尊重脆弱的材料。A. fragile脆弱的；B. rigid僵硬的；C. flexible灵活的；D. solid坚固的。根据前文“not with harsh chemicals, but with gentle solvents”可知，文物材质脆弱，需要轻柔清洁。 34．考查形容词。句意：修复师必须拼接易碎碎片，起初通常不使用胶水，以此摸清文物原本的结构。A. external外部的；B. internal内部的；C. original原本的；D. final最终的。根据前文“The most challenging phase is the reassembly”可知，重组文物需要还原其原本结构。 35．考查名词。句意：这需要稳健的手法和极大的耐心，稍有分心就可能造成不可逆的损坏。A. hesitation犹豫；B. inspiration灵感；C. distraction分心；D. determination决心。根据前文“It requires a steady hand and immense patience”可知，修复文物时需要全神贯注，分心会导致不可逆转的损害。 36．考查形容词。句意：胶水的选择至关重要，既要足够牢固，又要具备可溶性，方便未来技术更先进的修复师拆除。A. permanent永久的；B. soluble可溶解的；C. invisible隐形的；D. durable耐用的。根据后文“enough to be removed by future conservators”可知，胶水要可溶，以便未来修复者去除。 37．考查名词。句意：这种可逆性原则是现代文物保护伦理的基石。A. violation违反；B. cornerstone基石、基础；C. outcome结果；D. suspicion怀疑。根据前文“This principle of reversibility”可知，该原则是现代文物保护的核心基础。 38．考查动词。句意：我们不将自身意志强加于历史，只是助力历史留存。A. facilitate促进，助力；B. dominate支配；C. ignore忽视；D. evaluate评估。根据前文“We do not impose our will on the past”可知，我们不把自己的意志强加给过去，只是促进它。 39．考查动词。句意：过去，修复师可能会用新陶捏造缺损部分，试图蒙蔽观看的人。A. exposed暴露；B. bridged架桥；C. fabricated捏造，填补；D. enlarged扩大。根据后文“trying to deceive the viewer”可知，旧时修复师会人工捏造部件伪造文物原貌。 40．考查形容词。句意：缺失的部分会用中性材料填补，与原文物清晰可区分。A. inseparable不可分割的；B. indistinguishable难以区分的；C. distinguishable可区分的；D. detachable可拆卸的。根据后文“the viewer can distinguish between the ancient craft and the modern repair”可知，缺失的部分填充的材料要与原件明显不同，以便观众区分。 41．考查形容词。句意：在这个行业中，坦诚真实至关重要。A. optional可选的；B. paramount至关重要的；C. subjective主观的；D. controversial有争议的。根据前文修复工作追求真实、不刻意造假的理念可知，真实性在该行业至关重要。 42．考查形容词。句意：这份工作不适合追求即时满足感的人。A. delayed延迟的；B. spiritual精神的；C. immediate即时的；D. emotional情感的。根据前文“The work is slow, often taking months for a single object”可知，修复文物工作很慢，不是寻求即时满足感的工作。 43．考查动词。句意：修复的成就感，源于见证破损文物重归完整，源于将人类文化遗产从湮灭边缘拯救回来。A. rescued拯救；B. isolated隔离；C. excluded排除；D. erased抹去。根据后文“from the jaws of oblivion”可知，修复工作拯救了濒危文化遗产。 44．考查名词。句意：在推崇速度与新奇的时代，这些修复师是永恒之物的守护者。A. innovation创新；B. efficiency效率；C. profit利益；D. permanence永恒、恒久。根据后文“while empires fall and civilizations crumble”可知，修复师守护着恒久的人类文明。 45．考查动词。句意：它们提醒我们，帝国覆灭、文明崩塌，但人类的匠心印记，只要我们用心守护，便能恒久留存。A. fade消退；B. endure持久、存续；C. vanish消失；D. collapse崩塌。根据后文“if only we care enough to save it”可知，只要我们足够关心去拯救它，人类的触感就能经受住时间的考验。 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 265 词 野生熊救援与垃圾警示 说明文 动词 / 名词辨析、语境逻辑、短语搭配、环保主题词汇 人与自然、野生动物保护，正能量叙事，细节题为主 Wildlife biologists in Montmorency County successfully cut a plastic lid (盖子) off a bear’s neck, according to Michigan’s Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Actually, the wild animal had accidentally gotten its head   46   in the lid’s 5-inch hole years ago. “ 47 this bear from the lid was extremely rewarding, and we hope acts like this will   48 additional bears in the future and other wildlife species as well,” DNR’s specialist Cody Norton said. The DNR 49 that they first spotted the bear in 2023 after seeing camera photos of the bear with its head trapped in the lid. In the 50 two years, the bear continued to 51 on other cameras but would disappear very quickly. The bear’s 52 came after a local resident found the animal and 53 the DNR in late May, the agency said. With the landowner’s 54 , state biologists set up a fence, and a successful rescue 55 on June 2. They gave the bear anesthesia (麻醉) and 56 the lid. The bear was then released back into the wild after the anesthesia 57 . The now 2-year-old bear’s neck had significant scarring, but it was   58 healthy, the agency said. While it is not yet known how the bear got its head trapped in the lid, Norton said that he wanted the bear’s difficulty to be a 59 of how to safely throw away rubbish so that a 60 isn’t posed to wildlife. 46．A．fixed B．buried C．wrapped D．stuck 47．A．Freeing B．Recognizing C．Tracking D．Observing 48．A．find B．please C．benefit D．attract 49．A．expected B．noted C．warned D．recommended 50．A．wonderful B．historical C．further D．subsequent 51．A．appear B．shout C．focus D．escape 52．A．request B．anxiety C．discovery D．appeal 53．A．trusted B．contacted C．joined D．persuaded 54．A．invitation B．permission C．demand D．assignment 55．A．continued B．changed C．extended D．occurred 56．A．removed B．collected C．opened D．returned 57．A．showed up B．broke down C．wore off D．stood out 58．A．otherwise B．therefore C．instead D．ever 59．A．theme B．pattern C．reminder D．strategy 60．A．surprise B．danger C．camera D．pressure 【答案】 46．D 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．B 55．D 56．A 57．C 58．A 59．C 60．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了密歇根DNR生物学家成功取下一只熊脖子上卡住的塑料盖，这只熊多年被困，经救助后放归野外，此事也提醒人们安全处理垃圾，避免危害野生动物。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，这只野生动物多年前曾意外地将头卡在了盖子的5英寸孔洞里。A. fixed固定；B. buried埋葬；C. wrapped包裹；D. stuck卡住，陷入。根据下文“the bear with its head trapped in the lid”提到困住在孔洞里，可知，这只野生动物多年前不小心把头卡在了塑料盖5英寸的洞里。故选D项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“将这只熊从盖子中解救出来真是太令人欣慰了，我们希望这样的行动未来能对其他熊以及其他野生动物物种都有益处，”DNR的专家科迪·诺顿说道。A. Freeing释放；B. Recognizing认出；C. Tracking追踪；D. Observing观察。根据下文“…this bear from the lid was extremely rewarding”以及全文讲救助被困的熊，可知，此处为将这只熊从盖子中解救出来真是太令人欣慰了，free…from 表示“使…… 摆脱/解放”。故选A项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“将这只熊从盖子中解救出来真是太令人欣慰了，我们希望这样的行动未来能对其他熊以及其他野生动物物种都有益处，”DNR的专家科迪·诺顿说道。A. find发现；B. please使高兴；C. benefit使有益；D. attract吸引。根据句意以及下文“…additional bears in the future and other wildlife species as well”可知，救助行为对动物是有利的。故选C项。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自然资源部指出，他们于2023年首次发现这只熊，当时看到的相机照片显示这只熊的头部卡在了盖子的孔洞中。A. expected期待；B. noted指出，说明；C. warned警告；D. recommended推荐。根据句意以及下文“they first spotted the bear in 2023”可知，此处为DNR指出/说明，他们2023年首次发现这只熊。故选B项。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，这只熊继续出现在其他相机中，但很快就消失了。A. wonderful极好的；B. historical历史的；C. further进一步的；D. subsequent随后的。根据下文“the bear continued to _______ on other cameras but would disappear very quickly”可知，在随后的两年里，这只熊继续出现在相机里。故选D项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，这只熊继续出现在其他相机中，但很快就消失了。A. appear出现；B. shout叫喊；C. focus聚焦；D. escape逃跑。根据下文but转折提到“would disappear very quickly”可知，这只熊继续在其他相机里出现，但很快消失。故选A项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该机构称，这只熊是在当地居民发现该动物并联系DNR后于5月下旬被发现的。A. request请求；B. anxiety焦虑；C. discovery发现；D. appeal呼吁。根据下文“came after a local resident found the animal”可知，居民发现熊并联系机构，才有了这次救援。故选C项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该机构称，这只熊是在当地居民发现该动物并联系DNR后于5下旬被发现的。A. trusted信任；B. contacted联系；C. joined加入；D. persuaded说服。根据上文提到的当地居民发现该动物，以及下文“the DNR in late May”可知，当地居民发现后联系了DNR。故选B项。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在得到土地所有者的许可后，州生物学家设置了围栏，于6月2日成功实施了救援。A. invitation邀请；B. permission许可；C. demand 要求；D. assignment任务。根据下文“state biologists set up a fence”可知，在土地所有者的允许下，生物学家设置了围栏。故选B项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在得到土地所有者的许可后，州生物学家设置了围栏，于6月2日成功实施了救援。A. continued继续；B. changed改变；C. extended延伸；D. occurred发生。根据句意以及下文“on June 2”可知，此处指的是 成功的救援在6月2日发生。故选D项。 56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们给这只熊进行了麻醉，并取下了盖子。A. removed移除；B. collected收集；C. opened打开；D. returned归还。根据上文“cut a plastic lid (盖子) off a bear’s neck”可知，他们给熊麻醉后取下了塑料盖。故选A项。 57．考查动词短语辨析。句意：麻醉药效消退后，这只熊被放回了野外。A. showed up出现；B. broke down出故障；C. wore off逐渐减弱；D. stood out显眼。根据上文“The bear was then released back into the wild”可知，麻醉逐渐消退后，熊被放归野外。故选C项。 58．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在这只2岁的熊颈部有明显的疤痕，但身体其他部分都很健康，该机构表示。A. otherwise在其他方面；B. therefore因此；C. instead相反；D. ever曾经。根据上文“The now 2-year-old bear’s neck had significant scarring”以及下文“healthy”可知，脖子有明显疤痕，但除此之外很健康。故选A项。 59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然目前还不清楚这只熊是如何让自己的头卡在盖子上的，但诺顿表示，他希望这件事能起到警示作用，提醒人们如何安全地丢弃垃圾，以免对野生动物造成威胁。A. theme主题；B. pattern模式；C. reminder提醒；D. strategy策略。根据句意以及下文“how to safely throw away rubbish”可知，此处指的是希望这件事能提醒人们安全处理垃圾。故选C项。 60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然目前还不清楚这只熊是如何让自己的头卡在盖子上的，但诺顿表示，他希望这件事能起到警示作用，提醒人们如何安全地丢弃垃圾，以免对野生动物造成威胁。A. surprise惊喜；B. danger危险；C. camera相机；D. pressure 压力。根据上文“how the bear got its head trapped in the lid”可知，熊被垃圾卡住受伤，就是垃圾带来的危险。pose a danger“构成威胁”为固定短语。故选B项。 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 280 词 夏威夷火山模拟火星实验 说明文 形容词 / 动词辨析、因果逻辑、科研语境、固定搭配 科技探索、航天主题，贴近前沿热点，逻辑完形高频 Mauna Loa in Hawaii is among the world’s most active volcanoes. However, this 61 spot is an ideal place for simulating (模拟) a space mission to Mars. The site was chosen because it is relatively remote and 62 to the conditions on Mars. The red planet has large volcanoes that are geologic cousins to Mauna Loa. 63 , six scientists were housed near the volcano in a small white dome (圆顶屋) for an 8-month experiment, the 64 of which was to 65 information on how lengthy Mars missions could psychologically affect astronauts. The six scientists closed themselves off from the outside world in order to study what 66 on Mars would be like. Their task was to see how isolation affects the social aspects of explorers who might one day 67 the red planet. Conditions on Mars are tough, so the six had to manage without many of life’s 68 , like fresh fruit and unlimited water. Leaving the habitat involved 69 heavy suits similar to those being designed for Mars astronauts and waiting 5 minutes in an “airlock” to simulate how the air pressure drops. They only left the dome once a week to 70 field studies that would happen during a Mars mission. Outside, there was a lot to explore — lava flows, caves, and igneous rock. The 71 were a particularly attractive destination. In an article, a participant noted her crew explored more than 100 caves. In one particular cave, she detailed the 72 that came from exploring finger-shaped rock formations. “We have examined the rock more closely, and 73 a suitable shelter for a possible evacuation (撤离) from the dome,” she wrote. “On Mars this kind of lava tube (熔岩管) is hoped to provide shelter to astronauts from the 74 space radiation during a solar storm.” The research findings are expected to have considerable 75 on decisions when putting astronauts for future missions to Mars. 61．A．uncertain B．unimportant C．unnecessary D．unlikely 62．A．vital B．linked C．similar D．beneficial 63．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Still 64．A．cause B．objective C．result D．challenge 65．A．send B．store C．change D．download 66．A．weather B．water C．life D．volcanoes 67．A．inhabit B．pollute C．picture D．map 68．A．skills B．fortunes C．tools D．luxuries 69．A．protecting B．locating C．carrying D．wearing 70．A．keep an eye on B．carry out C．break off D．call off 71．A．shelters B．rocks C．caves D．domes 72．A．relief B．excitement C．fear D．peace 73．A．decorated B．built C．destroyed D．found 74．A．harmful B．random C．mysterious D．unexpected 75．A．limitations B．pressure C．influence D．control 【答案】 61．D 62．C 63．A 64．B 65．B 66．C 67．A 68．D 69．D 70．B 71．C 72．B 73．D 74．A 75．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍夏威夷冒纳罗亚火山因环境酷似火星，被用于模拟火星任务实验，科学家在此模拟火星生活，为未来载人探火任务提供研究依据。 61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这个看似不太可能的地方却是模拟火星太空任务的理想地点。A. uncertain不确定的；B. unimportant不重要的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. unlikely不太可能的。根据前文“Mauna Loa is among the world’s most active volcanoes”可知，活跃火山本不适合科研，因此是不太可能的地点。故选D项。 62．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该地点被选中是因为它位置偏远，且与火星环境相似。A. vital至关重要的；B. linked相关的；C. similar相似的；D. beneficial有益的。根据后文“The red planet has large volcanoes that are geologic cousins to Mauna Loa”可知，这里指两地地质环境相似。故选C项。 63．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，六名科学家被安置在火山附近的白色小圆顶屋内，进行为期8个月的实验，其目的是收集关于长期火星任务会如何在心理上影响宇航员的信息。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Still仍然。根据前文“The red planet has large volcanoes that are geologic cousins to Mauna Loa”描述Mauna Loa适合模拟火星环境，因此开展实验，前后为因果关系，therefore符合语境。故选A项。 64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，六名科学家被安置在火山附近的白色小圆顶屋内，进行为期8个月的实验，其目的是收集关于长期火星任务会如何在心理上影响宇航员的信息。A. cause原因；B. objective目的；C. result结果；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“to study what life on Mars would be like”以及语境可知，此处指实验的目标。故选B项。 65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，六名科学家被安置在火山附近的白色小圆顶屋内，进行为期8个月的实验，其目的是保存关于长期火星任务会如何在心理上影响宇航员的信息。A. send发送；B. store储存，收集；C. change改变；D. download下载。根据后文“how lengthy Mars missions could psychologically affect astronauts”以及语境可知，实验是为了收集关于长期火星任务会如何在心理上影响宇航员的信息，store符合语境。故选B项。 66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这六名科学家与外界隔绝，以研究火星上的生活会是什么样子。A. weather天气；B. water水源；C. life生活；D. volcanoes火山。根据后文“how isolation affects the social aspects of explorers”以及语境可知，这里指科学家在模拟火星生活。故选C项。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的任务是观察隔离会如何影响未来可能居住火星的探险者的社交状况。A. inhabit居住；B. pollute污染；C. picture想象；D. map绘制地图。根据前文“space mission to Mars”可知，这里指研究对象是未来将居住火星的探险者，inhabit符合语境。故选A项。 68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：火星环境恶劣，所以六人必须在没有许多生活奢享品的条件下生活，比如新鲜水果和无限供水。A. skills技能；B. fortunes财富；C. tools工具；D. luxuries奢享品。根据后文“fresh fruit and unlimited water”以及常识可知，这些在太空中属于稀缺奢享品。故选D项。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开栖息地需要穿上与为火星宇航员设计的宇航服类似的厚重防护服，并在“气闸舱”内等候5分钟，以模拟气压下降的过程。A. protecting保护；B. locating定位；C. carrying携带；D. wearing穿着。根据后文“heavy suits”以及语境可知，这里指穿戴厚重防护服。故选D项。 70．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们每周只离开圆顶屋一次，去执行火星任务期间会进行的实地研究。A. keep an eye on留意；B. carry out执行；C. break off中断；D. call off取消。根据后文“field studies that would happen during a Mars mission”以及语境可知，这里指开展地研究的任务，carry out符合语境。故选B项。 71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些洞穴是特别吸引人的目的地。A. shelters庇护所；B. rocks岩石；C. caves洞穴；D. domes圆顶屋。根据后文“her crew explored more than 100 caves”可知，这里指洞穴很吸引人，caves是原词复现。故选C项。 72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个特别洞穴里，她详细描述了探索指状岩层所带来的兴奋感。A. relief宽慰；B. excitement兴奋；C. fear恐惧；D. peace平静。根据前文“ 　　　 were a particularly attractive destination”可知，这里指探索她带来了兴奋。故选B项。 73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们更仔细地检查了岩石，并找到了一个适合从圆顶屋撤离的庇护所。A. decorated装饰；B. built建造；C. destroyed破坏；D. found找到。根据后文“a suitable shelter for a possible evacuation”以及语境可知，这里指发现了适合从圆顶屋撤离的庇护所。故选D项。 74．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在火星上，这种熔岩管有望为宇航员提供庇护，躲避太阳风暴期间有害的太空辐射。A. harmful有害的；B. random随机的；C. mysterious神秘的；D. unexpected意外的。根据后文“space radiation during a solar storm”以及常识可知，辐射是有害的，harmful符合语境。故选A项。 75．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项研究结果预计会对未来派遣宇航员执行火星任务的决策产生重大影响。A. limitations限制；B. pressure压力；C. influence影响；D. control控制。根据前文“to 　　　 information on how lengthy Mars missions could psychologically affect astronauts.”描述实验目的是为火星任务提供依据可知，所以这里指结果会影响决策，influence符合语境。故选C项。 题型二、议论文 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 275 词 克服弱点、突破局限 议论文 名词 / 动词辨析、语境逻辑、态度词、励志主题 人与自我、成长励志，价值观导向，高频议论文完形 We all have weaknesses and strengths — no matter who we are. Sometimes the weaknesses seem to outweigh the strengths and sometimes it’s the other way around. Some people get sick easily. Some struggle to 76 their finances properly. Some people are 77 communicators and struggle with relationships. Many people accept it as just bad 78 — but not everyone. Some people facing huge 79 still manage to achieve surprising things. They 80 above their weaknesses and do not allow them to limit their possibilities. I attended a school prize-giving ceremony not so long ago and the guest 81 was Andrew Becroft, who had a severe stutter (口吃) as a child. Instead of allowing this to limit him, he chose to work hard to 82 it. He is now the Principal Youth Court Judge for New Zealand. Not only did he become successful, but he did so in a(n) 83 where he had to speak in front of others regularly — where his 84 is front and center for all to see. If he hadn’t 85 his speaking ability, it would have been very limiting to his life and career 86 . Here are some more 87 : Brett Eastburn has no arms or legs and yet is an inspirational speaker and also a very good wrestler. Ringo Starr, drummer for the Beatles, 88 a very poor background. He was constantly troubled by illness as a child and spent large amounts of time in hospital. Mark Inglis 89 both of his legs below the knees in a mountaineering accident, but has since climbed Mt Everest. Most of us will never have to face the challenges these people faced. Yet most of us will never achieve 90 that these people have had either, unless we choose to. If Mark Inglis can climb the highest mountain in the world without legs, what can we do? 76．A．manage B．obtain C．share D．divide 77．A．ridiculous B．forgetful C．useless D．hopeless 78．A．impression B．character C．quality D．fortune 79．A．criticism B．pressure C．limitations D．losses 80．A．rise B．behave C．operate D．escape 81．A．winner B．speaker C．organizer D．scholar 82．A．avoid B．treat C．forget D．overcome 83．A．atmosphere B．profession C．situation D．institute 84．A．weakness B．symptom C．strength D．impatience 85．A．put forward B．taken up C．made out D．worked on 86．A．records B．aspects C．prospects D．spirits 87．A．examples B．incidents C．disabilities D．possibilities 88．A．resulted from B．came from C．heard from D．suffered from 89．A．lost B．injured C．destroyed D．broke 90．A．to the point B．in the least C．to the degree D．on the whole 【答案】 76．A 77．D 78．D 79．C 80．A 81．B 82．D 83．B 84．A 85．D 86．C 87．A 88．B 89．A 90．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述每个人都有优缺点，而真正的强者能克服自身弱点、突破局限，并用多个励志人物的事例佐证这一观点。 76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人很难妥善打理自己的财务状况。A. manage管理、打理；B. obtain获得；C. share分享；D. divide划分。根据后文“their finances properly”可知，此处指合理管理个人财务，“manage finances”为常用搭配。故选A项。 77．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人不擅长与人交流，在人际关系上屡屡受挫。A. ridiculous荒谬的；B. forgetful健忘的；C. useless无用的；D. hopeless糟糕的、无望的。根据后文“struggle with relationships”可知，这类人在人际交往方面能力欠缺，“hopeless communicators”表示“不擅长沟通的人”。故选D项。 78．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多人将这些问题归咎于运气不好，但并非所有人都会这样。A. impression印象；B. character性格；C. quality品质；D. fortune运气。根据常识可知，很多人将自身短板归因于运气的原因。故选D项。 79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人即便面临重重局限，依然能取得令人惊叹的成就。A. criticism批评；B. pressure压力；C. limitations局限；D. losses损失。根据前文提到的各类弱点，以及后文“achieve surprising things”的转折可知，此处指自身条件的局限。故选C项。 80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们超越自身弱点，不让这些弱点限制自己的发展可能。A. rise上升、超越；B. behave表现；C. operate运转；D. escape逃离。根据后文“do not allow them to limit their possibilities.”可知，强者能超越自身弱点。故选A项。 81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久前我参加了一场学校颁奖典礼，特邀嘉宾发言人是安德鲁·贝克洛夫特，他小时候患有严重的口吃。A. winner获胜者；B. speaker发言人；C. organizer组织者；D. scholar学者。根据前文“a school prize-giving ceremony”以及嘉宾的身份可知，安德鲁是典礼上的发言人。故选B项。 82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有让口吃限制自己，而是选择努力克服这个障碍。A. avoid避免；B. treat治疗；C. forget忘记；D. overcome克服。根据前文“Instead of allowing this to limit him”可知，他主动应对自身弱点，努力克服口吃问题。故选D项。 83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不但取得了成功，而且是在一份需要经常当众发言的职业中取得了成功——这份职业中，他的弱点暴露在所有人眼前。A. atmosphere氛围；B. profession职业；C. situation处境；D. institute机构。根据前文“the Principal Youth Court Judge for New Zealand”可知，这是他从事的一份职业。故选B项。 84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不但取得了成功，而且是在一份需要经常当众发言的职业中取得了成功——这份职业中，他的弱点暴露在所有人眼前。A. weakness弱点；B. symptom症状；C. strength优势；D. impatience不耐烦。根据前文“had a severe stutter as a child”可知，口吃是他的弱点，而法官职业需要频繁发言，会将这个弱点显露出来。故选A项。 85．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果他没有锤炼自己的语言表达能力，他的人生和职业前景将会受到极大的限制。A. put forward提出；B. taken up占据；C. made out辨认出；D. worked on致力于、锤炼。根据后文“it would have been very limiting to his life”的假设可知，正是因为他努力打磨自己的说话能力，才突破了局限。故选D项。 86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他没有锤炼自己的语言表达能力，他的人生和职业前景将会受到极大的限制。A. records记录；B. aspects方面；C. prospects前景；D. spirits精神。根据前文他成为首席青年法庭法官的成功经历可知，打磨语言能力对他的职业未来发展至关重要。故选C项。 87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里还有更多例子。A. examples例子；B. incidents事件；C. disabilities残疾；D. possibilities可能性。根据后文列举的Brett Eastburn、Ringo Starr和Mark Inglis的事例可知，此处是引出更多佐证观点的例子。故选A项。 88．考查动词短语辨析。句意：披头士乐队的鼓手林戈·斯塔尔出身贫寒。A. resulted from由……导致；B. came from来自；C. heard from收到……来信；D. suffered from遭受。根据后文“a very poor background”可知，此处指他的出身背景。故选B项。 89．考查动词词义辨析。句意：马克·英格利斯在一次登山事故中失去了膝盖以下的双腿，但后来他登上了珠穆朗玛峰。A. lost失去；B. injured受伤；C. destroyed摧毁；D. broke打破。根据后文“both of his legs below the knees”以及“without legs”的描述可知，他在事故中失去了双腿。故选A项。 90．考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，我们大多数人永远也达不到这些人所取得的成就高度。A. to the point切中要害；B. in the least丝毫；C. to the degree到……程度；D. on the whole总的来说。根据前文“Most of us will never have to face the challenges these people faced”的对比可知，普通人既不会经历他们那样的困境，也难以取得他们那样高度的成就。故选C项。 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 290 词 高中哲学社团思辨成长 议论文 名词 / 形容词辨析、情感逻辑、语境呼应、哲思词汇 人与自我、思维成长，思辨类完形，高考新趋势 The philosophy club at our high school was an island of quiet conversation in a sea of athletic enthusiasm and frenetic artistic preparation. I joined, not out of any deep Socratic calling, but because it met in a warm room during the last period on Thursdays, and I had nowhere more compelling to be. Mr. Davies, our advisor, spoke with a calm that seemed to absorb the surrounding noise. He never told us what to think, but persistently, gently, guided us in how to think. One week, he presented a classic dilemma: a runaway trolley is headed for five people tied to a track. You can pull a lever, diverting it onto a side track where it will kill one person. Do you pull it? The room fractured. “It’s simple math-save five!” argued one side. “But you’re making yourself an active agent in killing the one!” countered another, their voice thick with 91 . I sat, my own opinion a ship adrift, 92 by each new argument. Then Mr. Davies refined the scenario: “What if the single person on the side track is a child?” The ethical calculus, once seemingly clear, dissolved into a 93 of gut feeling and tortured logic. I left that day mentally drained, yet feeling a strange, electric 94 I hadn’t experienced in any other class. The questions had no answers, and that, I was starting to see, was precisely the 95 . Week after week, we wrestled with the nature of justice, the illusion of free will, the problem of other minds. I began to perceive the world through a new 96 . A headline wasn’t just news; it was a nest of unexamined premises. A disagreement with my father wasn’t just a clash of wills; it was a conflict of foundational 97 . I learned to deconstruct my own assumptions, to build logical 98 that could withstand scrutiny, and, most painfully, to truly listen to perspectives that my instincts screamed to reject. This newfound habit of interrogation didn’t make me popular. At lunch, my tendency to respond to a friend’s strong opinion with “What leads you to that 99 ?” could be met with eye rolls. My social currency, once based on easy agreement, 100 . Yet, in its place, I found a different, sturdier 101 : a confidence born not of knowing the right answers, but of being able to 102 the right questions. I was no longer a passive vessel for information; I was an active, if confused, participant in a much larger conversation. On the final day, Mr. Davies gave each of us a smooth, river-worn stone. “Philosophy rarely provides 103 ,” he said. “Its gift is the unsettled mind, the good question that 104 complacency. Keep this. Let it remind you to stay 105 .” I keep that stone on my desk. In a cacophonous world of instant takes and performative certainty, it is a quiet monument to doubt, to the weight of a thoughtful pause, and to the slow, enduring work of building a mind that can think for itself. 91．A．anger B．conviction C．hesitation D．humor 92．A．anchored B．lifted C．swayed D．confirmed 93．A．solution B．debate C．fog D．principle 94．A．fatigue B．clarity C．alienation D．vitality 95．A．point B．answer C．problem D．lesson 96．A．window B．lens C．mirror D．filter 97．A．facts B．values C．personalities D．experiences 98．A．bridges B．walls C．arguments D．models 99．A．conclusion B．feeling C．fact D．story 100．A．accumulated B．stabilized C．plummeted D．transformed 101．A．foundation B．doubt C．curiosity D．tool 102．A．answer B．avoid C．frame D．memorize 103．A．stones B．questions C．comforts D．truths 104．A．accepts B．seeks C．disrupts D．confirms 105．A．certain B．silent C．humble D．questioning 【答案】 91．B 92．C 93．C 94．D 95．A 96．B 97．B 98．C 99．A 100．C 101．A 102．C 103．D 104．C 105．D 【导语】文章讲述了作者讲述自己加入高中哲学社团后的成长经历，通过探讨电车难题等伦理思辨问题，逐渐学会独立思考、理性辩证看待事物，摒弃盲从跟风，懂得敢于质疑、深究本质，最终收获独立思辨的思想力量，领悟哲学教会人思索而非灌输标准答案的真谛。 【详解】91．考查名词。句意：另一派立刻反驳：“可你主动出手，就成了夺走他人性命的推手！”说话时语气满是笃定。A. anger愤怒；B. conviction坚定信念，笃定；C. hesitation犹豫；D. humor幽默。根据上文““It’s simple math-save five!” argued one side. “But you’re making yourself an active agent in killing the one!” countered another”可知，争辩时人们秉持自己的看法，语气充满笃定。 92．考查动词。句意：我静坐一旁，内心摇摆不定，各路观点轮番动摇我的想法。A. anchored扎根，稳固；B. lifted提升；C. swayed动摇；D. confirmed确认。根据上文“my own opinion a ship adrift”可知，作者内心没有固定立场，极易被他人观点影响动摇。 93．考查名词。句意：原本看似清晰的伦理权衡，瞬间沦为本能直觉与纠结思辨交织的迷茫思绪。A. solution解决方案；B. debate辩论；C. fog迷雾，迷茫；D. principle原则。根据上文“once seemingly clear”可知，条件改变后思路变得混乱迷茫，如同陷入迷雾。 94．考查名词。句意：那天离开教室时，我身心俱疲，却生出一种在其他课堂从未体会过的、鲜活充沛的精神力量。A. fatigue疲劳；B. clarity清晰；C. alienation疏离；D. vitality活力。根据上文“mentally drained”和yet表示转折可知，空处与精神疲惫形成对立，虽身心劳累，却收获独特的精神活力。 95．考查名词。句意：这些问题本就没有标准答案，而我也渐渐明白，这恰恰就是哲学的意义所在。A. point要点，意义所在；B. answer答案；C. problem问题；D. lesson教训。根据下文“The questions had no answers”可知，无标准答案正是哲学思辨的核心意义。 96．考查名词。句意：我开始用全新的视角审视世间万物。A. window窗户；B. lens镜头，视角；C. mirror镜子；D. filter过滤器。根据下文“A headline wasn’t just news; it was a nest of unexamined premises. A disagreement with my father wasn’t just a clash of wills; it was a conflict of foundational ________.”可知，作者用全新视角审视万物。 97．考查名词。句意：我和父亲的争执，也不再只是单纯的意见不合，而是彼此底层价值观的碰撞。A. facts事实；B. values价值观；C. personalities性格；D. experiences经历。根据上文“foundational”可知，作者和父亲的分歧不再只是意气之争，而是底层价值观的冲突。 98．考查名词。句意：我学着摒弃自身固化思维，构建经得起推敲的逻辑论点，更学着强忍内心排斥，真心接纳那些本能抗拒的不同看法。A. bridges桥；B. walls壁垒；C. arguments论证；D. models模型。根据下文“withstand scrutiny”可知，作者学着搭建合理严谨的逻辑论证观点。 99．考查名词。句意：午餐时，朋友说出笃定想法，我随口一句“你是如何得出这个结论的？”，总会引来旁人不屑的白眼。A. conclusion结论；B. feeling感觉；C. fact事实；D. story故事。根据上文“a friend’s strong opinion”可知，作者针对他人最终观点追问结论。 100．考查动词。句意：往日靠随和附和维系的人缘一落千丈。A. accumulated积累；B. stabilized稳定；C. plummeted骤降；D. transformed转变。根据上文“didn’t make me popular”和“eye rolls”可知，作者社交地位下降。 101．考查名词。句意：但与此同时，我收获了另一种更为坚实的内心底气：这份底气并非源于通晓所有正确答案，而是懂得提出有价值的深刻问题。A. foundation根基，底气；B. doubt怀疑；C. curiosity好奇；D. tool工具。根据上文“sturdier”可知，作者收获牢固可靠的思想精神根基。 102．考查动词。句意同上。A. answer回答；B. avoid避免；C. frame提出，构建；D. memorize记忆。根据下文“I was no longer a passive vessel for information; I was an active, if confused, participant in a much larger conversation.”可知，哲学的价值在于提出正确的问题而非被动接受知识。 103．考查名词。句意：他说道：“哲学几乎无法给予世人绝对的真理。”A. stones石头；B. questions问题；C. comforts安慰；D. truths真理。根据下文“Its gift is the good question”可知，哲学的馈赠是思考与问题，不提供绝对标准答案与终极真理。 104．考查动词。句意：它真正的馈赠，是让人常怀思索之心，用深刻的问题打破安于现状的懈怠。A. accepts接受；B. seeks寻求；C. disrupts打破，扰乱；D. confirms确认。根据下文“complacency”可知，作者认为应该思辨问题打破安逸懈怠的状态。 105．考查形容词。句意：让它时刻提醒自己永葆思辨之心。A. certain确定的；B. silent沉默的；C. humble谦虚的；D. questioning质疑的。全文围绕哲学教人质疑思考展开，因此此处指坚守思辨、常怀质疑之心。 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 260 词 室内穿鞋习惯讨论 议论文 动词 / 形容词辨析、习语、语境逻辑、生活话题 生活热点、健康观念，贴近日常，词义辨析为主 My brother is a determined shoes-off-er. I visited him recently and, within a couple of minutes, he 106 at my feet in horror. “What are those?” he asked. “These?” I replied, pointing to my trainers. “I bought them only —.” “No!” he 107 , his face red. “What are they doing in my house?” This is the best way to 108 people. There are those who hate the thought of rubber on carpet, who lie awake 109 because wearing outdoors shoes indoors breaks the natural order of things. Then there are normal people like me, who really don’t care because they understand the 110 of doormats. However, shoes-off-ers might be on to something. A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Houston has shown that 26.4% of shoes 111 the bacteria of Clostridium difficile. Work on a 112 ? A 2014 study concluded that considering the herds you raise your boots are almost certainly covered in E. coli. They are definitely 113 guests to your living rooms. But I’m going to 114 myself. Sure, it might be more hygienic (卫生的) to remove your shoes at the door, but only to a small extent. By all accounts, there is a 115 chance you will get ill when someone is wearing shoes in your living room. And if you have got young kids, who rush in and out of the house without 116 at the first sign of the sun, it’s much more practical to keep your shoes on. Not to mention 117 : Fewer things inspire more pity than the sight of adults 118 bending themselves into knots as they attempt to do up their shoelaces in a narrow hallway at the 119 of a night. True, the answer to both of these problems is slippers. But given the choice of slippers or E. coli, I’ll 120 the latter every time. 106．A．shot B．gestured C．pulled D．leapt 107．A．protested B．murmured C．laughed D．sighed 108．A．bully B．relieve C．split D．understand 109．A．singing B．reflecting C．chewing D．panicking 110．A．point B．category C．price D．condition 111．A．eliminate B．challenge C．carry D．change 112．A．roof B．farm C．ship D．playground 113．A．decent B．charming C．selfish D．unwelcome 114．A．put up with B．look out for C．get along with D．stand up for 115．A．fat B．good C．high D．real 116．A．company B．enthusiasm C．warning D．collaboration 117．A．dignity B．exhaustion C．complexity D．politeness 118．A．gracefully B．painfully C．voluntarily D．creatively 119．A．start B．end C．height D．cost 120．A．refuse B．avoid C．upgrade D．take 【答案】 106．B 107．A 108．C 109．D 110．A 111．C 112．B 113．D 114．D 115．A 116．C 117．A 118．B 119．B 120．D 【导语】本文主要讨论了关于是否应该在室内脱鞋的问题。作者通过描述自己与坚持脱鞋的弟弟的互动，引出了不同人对室内穿鞋的看法，并探讨了科学研究对室内穿鞋可能带来的卫生问题的观点，最终作者表达了自己对室内穿鞋的立场。 106．考查动词。句意：我最近去拜访他，没过几分钟，他就惊恐地对着我的脚示意。A.shot射击；B.gestured示意、做手势；C.pulled拉；D.leapt跳跃。根据后文“his face red. ‘What are they doing in my house?’”弟弟质问鞋子的内容可知，他用手势指向作者的鞋子，gestured符合语境。 107．考查动词。句意：“不！”他抗议道，脸红了。A. protested抗议；B. murmured低语；C. laughed笑；D. sighed叹气。根据后文“his face red. ‘What are they doing in my house?’”可知，弟弟对作者在室内穿鞋表示抗议，脸都红了。 108．考查动词。句意：这是区分人的最好方法。A. bully欺负；B. relieve缓解；C. split区分；D. understand理解。根据后文“There are those who hate the thought of rubber on carpet, who lie awake ____ because wearing outdoors shoes indoors breaks the natural order of things.”可知，此处指通过是否在室内脱鞋来区分人。 109．考查动词。句意：有些人讨厌地毯上有橡胶，他们因为室内穿户外鞋打破了事物的自然秩序而惊慌失措地睡不着觉。A. singing唱歌；B. reflecting反思；C. chewing咀嚼；D. panicking惊慌。根据上文“who lie awake”以及后文“because wearing outdoors shoes indoors breaks the natural order of things”可知，有些人因为室内穿户外鞋打破了事物的自然秩序而惊慌失措地睡不着觉。 110．考查名词。句意：还有一些像我这样的正常人，他们真的不在乎，因为他们明白门垫的作用。A. point要点，意义；B. category类别；C. price价格；D. condition条件。根据上文“who really don’t care because they understand the”以及后文“of doormats”可知，门垫的“用途/意义”就是用来蹭掉鞋底灰尘的，所以“我们”认为没必要非脱鞋不可。understand the point of sth. 意为“理解某物的意义/用途”。 111．考查动词。句意：休斯顿大学的研究人员最近进行的一项研究表明，26.4%的鞋子携带艰难梭菌的细菌。A. eliminate消除；B. challenge挑战；C. carry携带；D. change改变。根据后文“the bacteria of Clostridium difficile”可知，此处指鞋子携带艰难梭菌的细菌。 112．考查名词。句意：在农场工作？A. roof屋顶；B. farm农场；C. ship船；D. playground操场。根据后文“considering the herds you raise your boots are almost certainly covered in E. coli”可知，此处指在农场工作，因为农场有牲畜，所以靴子上很可能覆盖着大肠杆菌。 113．考查形容词。句意：它们绝对是客厅中不受欢迎的来客。A. decent得体的；B. charming迷人的；C. selfish自私的；D. unwelcome不受欢迎的。根据上文“are almost certainly covered in E. coli”可知，靴子上覆盖着大肠杆菌，所以是不受欢迎的客人。 114．考查动词短语。句意：但我要为自己辩护。A. put up with忍受；B. look out for留意；C. get along with与……相处；D. stand up for支持，为……辩护。根据后文“Sure, it might be more hygienic (卫生的) to remove your shoes at the door, but only to a small extent.”可知，作者认为在门口脱鞋可能更卫生，但只是在很小程度上，所以此处指作者要为自己在室内穿鞋的行为辩护。 115．考查形容词。句意：人人都说，当有人在你的客厅里穿着鞋时，你生病的可能性很小。A. fat肥胖的；（几率）微小的；B. good好的；C. high高的；D. real真实的。根据后文“chance you will get ill when someone is wearing shoes in your living room”以及“it’s much more practical to keep your shoes on”可知，作者认为在客厅穿鞋生病的可能性很小，所以更实际的是继续穿鞋。a fat chance是固定习语，意为“机会很小”。 116．考查名词。句意：如果你有小孩，他们一看到太阳出来就冲进冲出房子，连个招呼都不打，那么穿着鞋要实用得多。A.company 陪伴；B.enthusiasm 热情；C.warning 预兆、预告；D.collaboration 合作。根据上文“who rush in and out of the house without”以及后文“at the first sign of the sun”可知，孩子活泼好动，此处应指他们进出频繁，甚至不“提前说一声/提醒一下”。without warning意为“没有预先通知/突然地”，贴合孩子随性跑动的特点。 117．考查名词。句意：更不用说体面问题了：没有什么比看到成年人在夜晚结束之时在狭窄的走廊里痛苦地弯腰系鞋带更让人同情的了。A. dignity体面、尊严；B. exhaustion疲惫；C. complexity复杂性；D. politeness礼貌。根据后文“Fewer things inspire more pity than the sight of adults ____  bending themselves into knots as they attempt to do up their shoelaces in a narrow hallway at the ____ of a night.”可知，此处指成年人在晚上狭窄的走廊里弯腰系鞋带是失去体面的表现。 118．考查副词。句意：更不用说体面问题了：没有什么比看到成年人在夜晚结束之时在狭窄的走廊里痛苦地弯腰系鞋带更让人同情的了。A. gracefully优雅地；B. painfully痛苦地；C. voluntarily自愿地；D. creatively有创造力地。根据上文“Fewer things inspire more pity than the sight of adults”以及后文“bending themselves into knots as they attempt to do up their shoelaces”可知，此处指成年人在晚上狭窄的走廊里痛苦地弯腰系鞋带。 119．考查名词。句意：更不用说体面问题了：没有什么比看到成年人在夜晚结束之时在狭窄的走廊里痛苦地弯腰系鞋带更让人同情的了。A. start开始；B. end结束；C. height高度；D. cost成本。根据上文“at the”以及后文“of a night”可知，此处指在晚上结束的时候，at the end of a night表示“夜晚结束、深夜”。 120．考查动词。句意：但是，如果在拖鞋和大肠杆菌之间做出选择，我每次都会选择后者。A. refuse拒绝；B. avoid避免；C. upgrade升级；D. take选择，拿。根据上文“But given the choice of slippers or E. coli”以及后文“the latter every time”以及全文作者的观点可知，此处指在拖鞋和大肠杆菌之间做出选择，作者幽默地表示每次都会选择后者，即继续穿鞋。 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 285 词 数据与直觉的选择 议论文 名词 / 动词辨析、逻辑连接、态度词、观点类 理性思维、科技生活，思辨导向，高频议论文完形 Who, or what, do you trust? Every day, we turn to the internet to 121 : should we stay at that hotel, eat at this restaurant, ride with that driver? We have become so used to the large-scale insights provided by 122 , many of us wouldn’t even buy a toaster without first checking reviews. Their accessibility and apparent authority mean that simply picking an appliance at random is almost 123 — why wouldn’t you ask Google first? And yet, when it comes to many more fundamental choices — like what we choose to study — we often trust our instincts. This, argues economist Seth Davidowitz, is where we are going wrong. 124 , following our instincts can lead us to act on hidden prejudices or to keep following dead-end paths. In his new book Don’t Trust Your Gut: Using data instead of instinct to make better choices, Seth Davidowitz brings together “credible answers to 125 questions” as revealed by vast online data, so we can apply them in order to be more successful and happier. “While we often think we know how to better ourselves, the numbers, it turns out, 126 ,” he writes. Some findings are indeed 127 , going against common belief — for example, the overstated advantage of youth in starting a business. Others, however, may be more 128 expectations: we often overestimate the pleasure of passive activities such as snacking and watching TV. Research by the London School of Economics found that even relaxing tends to make people feel less 129 than anticipated. On the other hand, we underestimate the 130 to our mood from visiting museums or libraries. From work to relationships, Seth Davidowitz looks to the data for 131 on key decisions and, where possible, tries it out for himself. In his book he writes that he used AI, market research and statistical analysis — putting more than 100 edited images of himself into an online survey — to find out that people generally prefer him with glasses and a beard. Though entertaining, his book is most 132 when it challenges popular assumptions and demonstrates what works best for most people, so that all of us might learn from their example. But his somewhat idealist view of data may create a 133 with a world already transformed by it. 134 may not lie, as Seth Davidowitz writes — but nor do they reveal the complete, complex picture, especially when they are controlled by corporate interests. When our 135 is already being shaped by data in ways of which we aren’t aware, perhaps success isn’t always a matter of making the right decision. 121．A．make decisions B．express opinions C．gain knowledge D．achieve success 122．A．experience B．freedom C．technology D．power 123．A．rewarding B．exhausting C．effortless D．unthinkable 124．A．By contrast B．After all C．Even so D．In short 125．A．important B．obvious C．factual D．uncomfortable 126．A．remain B．disagree C．approve D．vary 127．A．misleading B．original C．surprising D．experimental 128．A．dependent on B．beneficial to C．consistent with D．strict about 129．A．attentive B．confused C．confident D．happy 130．A．boost B．cost C．risk D．boredom 131．A．convenience B．guidance C．diversity D．precision 132．A．recreational B．complicated C．popular D．practical 133．A．conflict B．conversation C．balance D．relationship 134．A．Books B．Resources C．Numbers D．Instincts 135．A．identity B．behaviour C．status D．reputation 【答案】 121．A 122．C 123．D 124．B 125．A 126．B 127．C 128．C 129．D 130．A 131．B 132．D 133．A 134．C 135．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨数据优于直觉，理性抉择并反思数据局限性。 121．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天，我们都会求助于互联网来做决定：我们应该住在那家酒店、在这家餐厅吃饭、乘坐那位司机的车吗？A. make decisions做决定；B. express opinions表达意见；C. gain knowledge获得知识；D. achieve success取得成功。根据下文“should we stay at that hotel, eat at this restaurant, ride with that driver?”可知，后文列举的住宿、就餐、出行选择均属于日常决策，说明我们上网是为求助于互联网来做决定。故选A。 122．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经如此习惯科技提供的大规模参考信息，很多人就连买一个烤面包机都要先查看评论。A. experience经验；B. freedom自由；C. technology科技；D. power力量。根据上文“We have become so used to the large-scale insights provided by”以及常识可知，互联网属于科技，此处指我们已经习惯于科技所提供的见解。故选C。 123．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们的可及性和明显的权威性意味着，随便挑选一件电器几乎是不可想象的——你为什么不先问问谷歌呢？A. rewarding值得的；B. exhausting令人疲惫的；C. effortless不费力的；D. unthinkable不可想象的。根据上文“Their accessibility and apparent authority mean that simply picking an appliance at random is almost”可知，人们习惯查网络参考，网络有可及性和明显的权威性，因此盲目选购家电是人们不会考虑、无法想象的事。故选D。 124．考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕竟，跟随我们的直觉会导致我们按照隐藏的偏见行事，或者继续走死胡同。A. By contrast相比之下；B. After all毕竟；C. Even so即便如此；D. In short简言之。根据下文“following our instincts can lead us to act on hidden prejudices or to keep following dead-end paths”可知，此处是在解释为什么我们不应该仅仅依靠直觉来做决定，after all表示“毕竟”，用于引出解释或理由。故选B。 125．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在新作《别信直觉：用数据而非本能做出更好的选择》一书中，塞思・达维多维茨整合了海量网络大数据所揭示的、各类重要人生问题的可靠答案，以便我们借鉴运用，从而收获更大的成功与幸福感。A. important重要的；B. obvious明显的；C. factual事实的；D. uncomfortable令人不适的。根据后文“From work to relationships, Seth Davidowitz looks to the data for ______ on key decisions”可知，这本书提及工作、人 际关系等，都是人生关键重要的问题。故选A。 126．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“虽然我们常常认为自己知道如何提升自己，但事实证明，数字并不认同，”他写道。A. remain保持；B. disagree不同意；C. approve批准；D. vary变化。根据上文“While we often think we know how to better ourselves, the numbers, it turns out”可知，句首的“While”引导让步状语从句，表示转折。从句说“虽然我们常常认为自己知道如何提升自己”，主句则应该表达与之相反的意思，即实际情况（数字）与我们的想法不一致。故选B。 127．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些发现确实令人惊讶，与普遍看法相悖——例如，年轻人创业的优势被夸大了。A. misleading误导的；B. original原始的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. experimental实验的。根据下文“going against common belief”可知，有些发现与普遍看法相悖，因此是令人惊讶的。故选C。 128．考查固定短语辨析。句意：然而，其他一些发现可能更符合人们的预期：我们常常高估了诸如吃零食和看电视等被动活动的乐趣。A. dependent on依靠；B. beneficial to有益于；C. consistent with符合；D. strict about严格。根据下文“we often overestimate the pleasure of passive activities such as snacking and watching TV”可知，前文发现违背常识，此处转折，表示另一部分和预期相符，我们常常高估了吃零食和看电视等被动活动的乐趣，这是符合人们预期的。故选C。 129．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伦敦经济学院的研究发现，即使是放松也往往让人感觉不如预期的快乐。A. attentive专注的；B. confused困惑的；C. confident自信的；D. happy快乐的。根据上文“Research by the London School of Economics found that even relaxing tends to make people feel less ”可知，前文提到高估被动活动的愉悦感，此处对应放松的实际幸福感、快乐感更低。故选D。 130．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，我们低估了参观博物馆或图书馆对我们情绪的提升作用。A. boost提升；B. cost成本；C. risk风险；D. boredom无聊。根据上文“On the other hand, we underestimate the”以及下文“from visiting museums or libraries”可知，前文被动活动幸福感偏低，对比可知文化活动能改善、提升心情。故选A。 131．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从工作到人际关系，塞思·戴维维茨都从数据中寻求关键决策的指导，并在可能的情况下亲自尝试。A. convenience便利；B. guidance指导；C. diversity多样性；D. precision精确。根据上文“Seth Davidowitz looks to the data for”以及下文“on key decisions”可知，塞思·戴维维茨主张用数据辅助选择，即数据为决策提供参考指导。故选B。 132．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的书很有趣，但当它挑战流行假设并证明什么对大多数人最有效时，它才最实用，这样我们所有人都可以从他们的例子中学习。A. recreational娱乐的；B. complicated复杂的；C. popular流行的；D. practical实用的。根据下文“when it challenges popular assumptions and demonstrates what works best for most people, so that all of us might learn from their example”可知，当它挑战流行假设并展示对大多数人最有效的方法，以便我们所有人都能学习，这解释了这本书的价值所在。这种能够被人们学习并应用的特性就是“实用性”。故选D。 133．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他对数据有些理想化的看法可能会与一个已经被数据改变的世界产生冲突。A. conflict冲突；B. conversation对话；C. balance平衡；D. relationship关系。根据下文“but nor do they reveal the complete, complex picture, especially when they are controlled by corporate interests”可知，下文指出数据存在局限性、受企业利益操控，说明塞思·戴维维茨的理想数据观和现实存在矛盾。故选A。 134．考查名词词义辨析。句意：数字可能不会说谎，正如塞思·戴维维茨所写的那样——但它们也没有揭示出完整、复杂的画面，尤其是当它们被企业利益控制时。A. Books书籍；B. Resources资源；C. Numbers数字；D. Instincts直觉。根据上文“as Seth Davidowitz writes — but nor do they reveal the complete, complex picture”以及前文多次提到的“numbers”可知，全文核心围绕数据对比直觉展开，此处指代前文反复提及的数字，此处指数字可能不会说谎，但也没有揭示出完整、复杂的画面。故选C。 135．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们的行为已经在以我们没有意识到的方式被数据塑造时，也许成功并不总是做出正确决定的问题。A. identity身份；B. behaviour行为；C. status地位；D. reputation名声。根据下文“is already being shaped by data in ways of which we aren’t aware”可知，日常生活中依靠数据做各类选择、被数据影响生活方式，都属于行为层面的塑造，此处指我们的行为已经在以我们没有意识到的方式被数据塑造。故选B。 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 270 词 自我认知与他人评价 议论文 名词 / 动词辨析、心理语境、逻辑呼应、成长主题 人与自我、心理健康，贴近青少年成长，高考热点 Most of us pursue self-respect and positive self-perception (自我认知). Comments that 136 our self-worth feel uncomfortable, but whether they truly hurt us is 137 subjective, depending on how we 138 others’ words or actions. Taking things personally means interpreting situations as negative 139 about oneself — a psychological tendency called “personalisation (个人化归因)”. For example, a boss pointing out 140 in a report might be misread as thinking you incompetent. Or if your friends cancel a get-together, you might believe they plan to 141 you. This often pairs with “mind reading”: 142 you know others’ thoughts without asking directly, like believing your boss finds you useless. But 143 usually tells a different story: your boss may want to help you improve, and friends might have canceled because they were unwell. To counter this, 144 negative assumptions by putting yourself in others’ shoes, which reveals alternative interpretations— such as your boss’s feedback showing care for your growth, or your friendship being strong enough to allow 145 . The type of 146 you hold also matters. “Hubristic pride”, feeling naturally outstanding, makes you more likely to take things personally. However, “authentic pride” — being proud of your efforts, intentions and 147 — will reduces this tendency. Developing authentic pride can 148 you to protect your self-worth and carry you through 149 . Ultimately, our attitude 150 the foundation of true self-respect. 136．A．affect B．damage C．reflect D．avoid 137．A．equally B．slightly C．rarely D．highly 138．A．interpret B．choose C．accept D．reject 139．A．curiosity B．enquiry C．judgements D．complaint 140．A．differences B．facts C．details D．flaws 141．A．turn away from B．put up with C．stand up for D．get along with 142．A．denying B．proving C．assuming D．promising 143．A．expectation B．reality C．experience D．imagination 144．A．hold B．accept C．challenge D．prove 145．A．flexibility B．growth C．cheat D．carelessness 146．A．value B．mood C．belief D．pride 147．A．luck B．achievements C．appearance D．gifts 148．A．equip B．force C．request D．remind 149．A．self-image B．self-control C．self-awareness D．self-doubts 150．A．lowers B．shakes C．lays D．simplifies 【答案】 136．B 137．D 138．A 139．C 140．D 141．A 142．C 143．B 144．C 145．A 146．D 147．B 148．A 149．D 150．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了如何正确看待他人评价以维护自尊。 136．考查动词词义辨析。句意：损害我们自我价值的评论让人感到不舒服，但它们是否真的伤害了我们，在很大程度上是主观的，这取决于我们如何解读他人的言语或行为。A. affect影响；B. damage损害；C. reflect反映；D. avoid避免。根据后文“our self-worth feel uncomfortable”可知，评论让人不舒服，说明该评论损害了自我价值。故选B。 137．考查副词词义辨析。句意：损害我们自我价值的评论让人感到不舒服，但它们是否真的伤害了我们，在很大程度上是主观的，这取决于我们如何解读他人的言语或行为。A. equally同样地；B. slightly稍微；C. rarely很少；D. highly高度地。根据后文“subjective, depending on how we  ____3____  others’ words or actions”可知，此处指伤害在很大程度上是主观的。故选D。 138．考查动词词义辨析。句意：影响我们自我价值的评论会让人不舒服，但它们是否真的伤害了我们，在很大程度上是主观的，这取决于我们如何解读他人的言语或行为。A. interpret解读；B. choose选择；C. accept接受；D. reject拒绝。根据前文“whether they truly hurt us is  ____2____  subjective”可知，伤害在很大程度上是主观的，所以它取决于如何去解读他人的言语或行为。故选A。 139．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把事情往自己身上揽意味着把情况解读为对自己的负面评价——这是一种被称为“个人化归因”的心理倾向。A. curiosity好奇心；B. enquiry询问；C. judgements评价；D. complaint抱怨。根据“negative”可知，此处指负面评价，negative judgements“负面评价”。故选C。 140．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，老板指出报告中的缺陷可能会被误解为认为你能力不足。A. differences差异；B. facts事实；C. details细节；D. flaws缺陷。根据前文“Taking things personally means interpreting situations as negative  ____4____  about oneself”可知，把事情往自己身上揽意味着把情况解读为对自己的负面评价，所以此处是指出报告中的缺陷。故选D。 141．考查动词短语辨析。句意：或者，如果你的朋友取消了一次聚会，你可能会认为他们打算疏远你。A. turn away from疏远；B. put up with忍受；C. stand up for支持；D. get along with与……相处。根据前文“friends cancel a get-together”可知，朋友取消聚会，所以你认为朋友打算疏远自己。故选A。 142．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这通常与“读心术”同时出现：假设你不用直接问就知道别人的想法，比如认为你的老板觉得你没用。A. denying否认；B. proving证明；C. assuming假设；D. promising承诺。根据后文“you know others’ thoughts without asking directly”可知，此处指假设不用直接问就知道别人的想法。故选C。 143．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现实通常讲述的是不同的故事：你的老板可能想帮助你提高，朋友们取消聚会可能是因为他们身体不舒服。A. expectation期望；B. reality现实；C. experience经验；D. imagination想象。根据后文“your boss may want to help you improve, and friends might have canceled because they were unwell”可知，“老板可能想帮助你提高，朋友们取消聚会可能是因为他们身体不舒服”是和我们主观想法不一样的事实。故选B。 144．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了应对这一点，通过换位思考来挑战负面假设，这会揭示出不同的解释——比如老板的反馈表明他关心你的成长，或者你们的友谊足够牢固，可以允许灵活性。A. hold持有；B. accept接受；C. challenge挑战；D. prove证明。根据后文“negative assumptions”和“by putting yourself in others’ shoes”可知，通过换位思考来挑战那些负面的假设。故选C。 145．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了应对这一点，通过设身处地为他人着想来挑战负面假设，这会揭示出不同的解释——比如老板的反馈表明他关心你的成长，或者你们的友谊足够牢固，可以允许灵活性。A. flexibility灵活性；B. growth成长；C. cheat欺骗；D. carelessness粗心。根据前文“your friendship being strong enough”可知，友谊足够牢固，就可以允许灵活性。故选A。 146．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你所持有的骄傲类型也很重要。A. value价值；B. mood情绪；C. belief信念；D. pride骄傲。根据后文“Hubristic pride”和“authentic pride”可知，下文出现两者骄傲的类型，所以此处指骄傲类型。故选D。 147．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“真正的骄傲”——为自己的努力、意图和成就感到骄傲——会减少这种倾向。A. luck运气；B. achievements成就；C. appearance外貌；D. gifts礼物。根据前文“being proud of your efforts, intentions”可知，此处指为自己的努力、意图和成就感到骄傲。故选B。 148．考查动词词义辨析。句意：培养真正的骄傲可以让你保护自己的自我价值，并帮助你度过自我怀疑的时刻。A. equip装备；B. force强迫；C. request请求；D. remind提醒。根据后文“to protect your self-worth”可知，此处指培养真正的骄傲可以让你保护自己的自我价值，equip sb. to do sth.表示“使某人能够做某事”。故选A。 149．考查名词词义辨析。句意：培养真正的骄傲可以让你保护自己的自我价值，并帮助你度过自我怀疑的时刻。A. self-image自我形象；B. self-control自我控制；C. self-awareness自我意识；D. self-doubts自我怀疑。根据前文“Developing authentic pride”和“protect your self-worth”可知，此处指帮助你度过自我怀疑的时刻。故选D。 150．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，我们的态度奠定了真正自尊的基础。A. lowers降低；B. shakes摇晃；C. lays奠定；D. simplifies简化。根据后文“the foundation of true self-respect”可知，此处指我们的态度奠定了真正自尊的基础，lay the foundation表示“奠定基础”。故选C。 2 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年高考英语三轮押题03：完形填空之说明文、议论文 押题依据 年份 试卷类型 体裁 主题 话题 考点分布 押题依据 2025 新高考 Ⅰ 卷 说明文 科技与生活 智能家居的节能原理与生活应用 动词 6 个、名词 5 个、形容词 3 个、副词 1 个、逻辑连词 2 个；侧重事理说明、专业词汇辨析、因果逻辑衔接 紧扣科技生活化热点，说明文 “原理 + 应用” 经典结构；动词 / 名词为核心考查点，逻辑连词凸显行文逻辑，契合新高考命题风格 2025 新高考 Ⅱ 卷 议论文 文化自信 青年在跨文化交流中坚守本土文化的意义 动词 5 个、名词 6 个、形容词 3 个、介词 2 个；侧重观点论证、态度词汇辨析、篇章逻辑递进 聚焦文化传承与青年担当，贴合 “立德树人” 导向；议论文 “观点 + 论据” 结构清晰，态度类形容词、逻辑连词为高频考点 2024 新高考 Ⅰ 卷 说明文 生态保护 生物多样性保护的技术手段与社会价值 动词 7 个、名词 5 个、形容词 2 个、副词 1 个、介词 1 个；侧重概念解释、动作描述、因果逻辑 紧跟生态保护国家战略，说明文 “定义 + 措施 + 意义” 结构；动词搭配与语境逻辑为核心，符合新高考 Ⅰ 卷难度梯度 2024 新高考 Ⅱ 卷 议论文 成长价值 自主学习能力对青少年终身发展的重要性 动词 6 个、名词 5 个、形容词 3 个、副词 2 个；侧重论点支撑、逻辑连词运用、情感态度判断 聚焦青少年核心素养培养，贴合 “五育并举” 导向；议论文逻辑链条清晰，词义辨析与逻辑判断为拉分点 2023 新高考 Ⅰ 卷 说明文 健康科普 合理膳食与青少年体质提升的科学关联 动词 6 个、名词 4 个、形容词 3 个、副词 2 个；侧重客观数据呈现、细节匹配、固定搭配 贴近青少年健康热点，选材生活化、语言通俗化；考点覆盖基础词汇与固定搭配，适配新高考 Ⅰ 卷基础题占比 2023 新高考 Ⅱ 卷 议论文 社会风尚 志愿服务对构建和谐社会的积极作用 动词 5 个、名词 5 个、形容词 4 个、连接词 1 个；侧重观点表达、论据分析、情感倾向 聚焦社会责任与公益精神，契合高考价值导向；议论文 “观点 + 实例” 结构，情感态度类词汇与逻辑分析为考查重点 押题预测 核心题型及具体解决方法 题型一、说明文 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 270 词 青年社交隔阂与联结项目 说明文 语境逻辑、形容词 / 动词辨析、代词指代、短语搭配、主旨呼应 聚焦人与社会、人际成长，贴近校园生活，情感与叙事双线，高频完形题材 As a psychology professor, I’ve studied the happiness curve for years. But looking at the 1 faces in my classroom, I felt my research wasn’t helping. Young adults increasingly report lower levels of 2 than middle-aged and older adults. One day, I tried something 3 . I asked my class: “Do you think the students around you are 4 ?” Most hands went up. Then I asked: “Do you think others see you as cold too?” Nearly every hand 5 . Then I showed them our survey results: 92% of those surveyed wanted deeper 6 , and 85% were ready to help a classmate in need. The room went quiet. The results had surprised them. A girl whispered, “But Professor, everyone wears headphones and always looks 7 .” “We usually 8 how friendly and kind we all are,” I explained. So we 9 the Connection Project. We put posters up in dormitories and also 10 students to take chances on each other. Mark, a silent freshman, dined with three unfamiliar 11 . Soon they became a learning circle. “We weren’t really enjoying being alone — we were just too 12 to reach out,” Mark told us. Six months later participants reported 30% higher happiness and, 13 , four new friends. On the last day of my course, I closed my notebook and said, “Happiness isn’t a fruit you enjoy 14 , but a garden we grow together. We must jump into the social waters, even when staying on 15 is safer.” 1．A．excited B．blank C．angry D．smiling 2．A．anxiety B．pressure C．education D．happiness 3．A．fun B．different C．easy D．risky 4．A．cruel B．proud C．unfriendly D．smart 5．A．stayed up B．reached out C．pulled back D．went down 6．A．investigations B．connections C．thoughts D．learning 7．A．tired B．concerned C．busy D．alert 8．A．highlight B．wonder C．appreciate D．underestimate 9．A．supported B．modified C．designed D．launched 10．A．forced B．allowed C．encouraged D．challenged 11．A．volunteers B．professors C．classmates D．relatives 12．A．shy B．lazy C．modest D．polite 13．A．for instance B．in total C．as usual D．on average 14．A．alone B．most C．secretly D．freely 15．A．stage B．shore C．site D．campus 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 280 词 大黄蜂时间感知能力研究 说明文 动词 / 名词辨析、逻辑连接、固定搭配、科普语境理解 人与自然 / 科学探索，科普类完形高频，侧重逻辑与词义辨析 A new study has found that bumblebees can process the duration of light flashes and use this information to find food. This is the 16 evidence of such an ability in insects, according to Elisabetta Versace from Queen Mary University of London. Versace told CNN that the finding could settle a long-standing debate among scientists about whether insects are able to process complex patterns, as many experts previously 17 their cognitive (认知) abilities. “In the past, people thought insects were just simple reflex machines without any flexibility,” Versace explained. To test their idea and prove that bees could process time-related information, the researchers built a(n) 18 designed maze (迷宫) where individual bumblebees traveled when leaving their nests for food. In the maze, the bees were shown two distinct 19 clues: one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds. When the bees approached these 20 circles, they found sweet, preferred food at one and bitter, unwanted food at the other. Even though the circles’ positions changed in each part of the maze, the bees gradually learned over time to fly toward the 21 flash, which was consistently linked to the sweet food. To 22 the possibility that the bees were relying on seeing or smelling the sweet food, Versace and her team members then tested the bees’ behavior when no food was present at all. They found that the bees could still tell the circles apart based 23 on flash duration, not other potential cues like color or shape. “This shows the bees are 24 using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking choices,” she said. Versace noted that the bees’ ability to use such novel stimuli—flashes they would never encounter in their natural environment — to solve tasks flexibly is truly 25 . “This finding makes perfect sense, as bees must carefully manage their time while looking for food to maximize rewards and minimize the 26 of returning to the nest,” she said. The study also found that bumblebees are among a small group of animals, including humans and pigeons, that can 27 between short and long flashes, a skill humans use to understand Morse code, where short and long signals represent different letters. While the neural mechanisms (神经机制) behind bees’ 28 ability remain unclear, the team plans to investigate them further in future research. They also aim to study bees living freely in colonies rather than individually, and explore why some bees learn to 29 time duration faster than others. The findings 30 the long-held idea that bees are just instinct-driven machines. Besides, they highlight bees’ complex cognition and offer new insights into how animals perceive time. 16．A．direct B．first C．concrete D．physical 17．A．developed B．possessed C．demonstrated D．underestimated 18．A．abstractly B．carefully C．complexly D．conventionally 19．A．visual B．verbal C．potential D．important 20．A．dark B．wide C．complete D．respective 21．A．short B．bright C．sudden D．complete 22．A．allow for B．look into C．rule out D．open up 23．A．typically B．simply C．specially D．purposefully 24．A．actually B．accidentally C．maximumly D．casually 25．A．unique B．doubtful C．remarkable D．measurable 26．A．fees B．rates C．costs D．losses 27．A．shift B．range C．alternate D．distinguish 28．A．food-seeking B．time-setting C．time-judging D．food-processing 29．A．assess B．reduce C．invest D．combine 30．A．convey B．develop C．explore D．challenge 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 290 词 大英博物馆文物修复理念 说明文 形容词 / 名词辨析、语境呼应、词义复现、文化类词汇 文化遗产、工匠精神，人文价值导向，高考常考文化主题 In the quiet, dust-moted corners of the British Museum, a silent battle is being waged against the relentless march of time. Here, the “restorers” work with a blend of scientific precision and artistic intuition. Their mission is not to make ancient artifacts look new, but to stabilize them, preserving the 31 of history for future generations. One such artifact is a fractured Roman vase, shattered into hundreds of pieces. To the untrained eye, it is a pile of 32 shards. To the restorer, it is a three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle waiting to be solved. The process begins with meticulous cleaning. Every speck of dirt must be removed, not with harsh chemicals, but with gentle solvents that respect the 33 material. The most challenging phase is the reassembly. The restorer must hold the fragile pieces together, often without adhesive at first, to understand the 34 structure. It requires a steady hand and immense patience. A moment of 35 could result in irreversible damage. “You have to listen to the object,” says Elena, a senior conservator. “It tells you where it wants to go.” Once the structure is understood, a reversible adhesive is applied. The choice of glue is critical; it must be strong enough to hold the weight but 36 enough to be removed by future conservators who might have better technology. This principle of reversibility is the 37 of modern conservation ethics. We do not impose our will on the past; we merely 38 it. There are gaps, of course — missing pieces that were lost centuries ago. In the past, restorers might have 39 these gaps with new clay, trying to deceive the viewer. Today, the philosophy is different. Missing parts are filled with a neutral material, clearly 40 from the original, so that the viewer can distinguish between the ancient craft and the modern repair. Honesty, in this profession, is 41 . The work is slow, often taking months for a single object. It is not a job for those seeking 42 gratification. The reward is subtle. It comes in the quiet satisfaction of seeing a broken object become whole again, or in the knowledge that a piece of human heritage has been 43 from the jaws of oblivion. In a world that values speed and novelty, these restorers stand as guardians of 44 . They remind us that while empires fall and civilizations crumble, the human touch — the fingerprint on the clay, the brushstroke on the canvas — can 45 , if only we care enough to save it. 31．A．dignity B．weight C．length D．width 32．A．precious B．worthless C．decorative D．ancient 33．A．fragile B．rigid C．flexible D．solid 34．A．external B．internal C．original D．final 35．A．hesitation B．inspiration C．distraction D．determination 36．A．permanent B．soluble C．invisible D．durable 37．A．violation B．cornerstone C．outcome D．suspicion 38．A．facilitate B．dominate C．ignore D．evaluate 39．A．exposed B．bridged C．fabricated D．enlarged 40．A．inseparable B．indistinguishable C．distinguishable D．detachable 41．A．optional B．paramount C．subjective D．controversial 42．A．delayed B．spiritual C．immediate D．emotional 43．A．rescued B．isolated C．excluded D．erased 44．A．innovation B．efficiency C．profit D．permanence 45．A．fade B．endure C．vanish D．collapse 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 265 词 野生熊救援与垃圾警示 说明文 动词 / 名词辨析、语境逻辑、短语搭配、环保主题词汇 人与自然、野生动物保护，正能量叙事，细节题为主 Wildlife biologists in Montmorency County successfully cut a plastic lid (盖子) off a bear’s neck, according to Michigan’s Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Actually, the wild animal had accidentally gotten its head   46   in the lid’s 5-inch hole years ago. “ 47 this bear from the lid was extremely rewarding, and we hope acts like this will   48 additional bears in the future and other wildlife species as well,” DNR’s specialist Cody Norton said. The DNR 49 that they first spotted the bear in 2023 after seeing camera photos of the bear with its head trapped in the lid. In the 50 two years, the bear continued to 51 on other cameras but would disappear very quickly. The bear’s 52 came after a local resident found the animal and 53 the DNR in late May, the agency said. With the landowner’s 54 , state biologists set up a fence, and a successful rescue 55 on June 2. They gave the bear anesthesia (麻醉) and 56 the lid. The bear was then released back into the wild after the anesthesia 57 . The now 2-year-old bear’s neck had significant scarring, but it was   58 healthy, the agency said. While it is not yet known how the bear got its head trapped in the lid, Norton said that he wanted the bear’s difficulty to be a 59 of how to safely throw away rubbish so that a 60 isn’t posed to wildlife. 46．A．fixed B．buried C．wrapped D．stuck 47．A．Freeing B．Recognizing C．Tracking D．Observing 48．A．find B．please C．benefit D．attract 49．A．expected B．noted C．warned D．recommended 50．A．wonderful B．historical C．further D．subsequent 51．A．appear B．shout C．focus D．escape 52．A．request B．anxiety C．discovery D．appeal 53．A．trusted B．contacted C．joined D．persuaded 54．A．invitation B．permission C．demand D．assignment 55．A．continued B．changed C．extended D．occurred 56．A．removed B．collected C．opened D．returned 57．A．showed up B．broke down C．wore off D．stood out 58．A．otherwise B．therefore C．instead D．ever 59．A．theme B．pattern C．reminder D．strategy 60．A．surprise B．danger C．camera D．pressure 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 280 词 夏威夷火山模拟火星实验 说明文 形容词 / 动词辨析、因果逻辑、科研语境、固定搭配 科技探索、航天主题，贴近前沿热点，逻辑完形高频 Mauna Loa in Hawaii is among the world’s most active volcanoes. However, this 61 spot is an ideal place for simulating (模拟) a space mission to Mars. The site was chosen because it is relatively remote and 62 to the conditions on Mars. The red planet has large volcanoes that are geologic cousins to Mauna Loa. 63 , six scientists were housed near the volcano in a small white dome (圆顶屋) for an 8-month experiment, the 64 of which was to 65 information on how lengthy Mars missions could psychologically affect astronauts. The six scientists closed themselves off from the outside world in order to study what 66 on Mars would be like. Their task was to see how isolation affects the social aspects of explorers who might one day 67 the red planet. Conditions on Mars are tough, so the six had to manage without many of life’s 68 , like fresh fruit and unlimited water. Leaving the habitat involved 69 heavy suits similar to those being designed for Mars astronauts and waiting 5 minutes in an “airlock” to simulate how the air pressure drops. They only left the dome once a week to 70 field studies that would happen during a Mars mission. Outside, there was a lot to explore — lava flows, caves, and igneous rock. The 71 were a particularly attractive destination. In an article, a participant noted her crew explored more than 100 caves. In one particular cave, she detailed the 72 that came from exploring finger-shaped rock formations. “We have examined the rock more closely, and 73 a suitable shelter for a possible evacuation (撤离) from the dome,” she wrote. “On Mars this kind of lava tube (熔岩管) is hoped to provide shelter to astronauts from the 74 space radiation during a solar storm.” The research findings are expected to have considerable 75 on decisions when putting astronauts for future missions to Mars. 61．A．uncertain B．unimportant C．unnecessary D．unlikely 62．A．vital B．linked C．similar D．beneficial 63．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Still 64．A．cause B．objective C．result D．challenge 65．A．send B．store C．change D．download 66．A．weather B．water C．life D．volcanoes 67．A．inhabit B．pollute C．picture D．map 68．A．skills B．fortunes C．tools D．luxuries 69．A．protecting B．locating C．carrying D．wearing 70．A．keep an eye on B．carry out C．break off D．call off 71．A．shelters B．rocks C．caves D．domes 72．A．relief B．excitement C．fear D．peace 73．A．decorated B．built C．destroyed D．found 74．A．harmful B．random C．mysterious D．unexpected 75．A．limitations B．pressure C．influence D．control 题型二、议论文 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 275 词 克服弱点、突破局限 议论文 名词 / 动词辨析、语境逻辑、态度词、励志主题 人与自我、成长励志，价值观导向，高频议论文完形 We all have weaknesses and strengths — no matter who we are. Sometimes the weaknesses seem to outweigh the strengths and sometimes it’s the other way around. Some people get sick easily. Some struggle to 76 their finances properly. Some people are 77 communicators and struggle with relationships. Many people accept it as just bad 78 — but not everyone. Some people facing huge 79 still manage to achieve surprising things. They 80 above their weaknesses and do not allow them to limit their possibilities. I attended a school prize-giving ceremony not so long ago and the guest 81 was Andrew Becroft, who had a severe stutter (口吃) as a child. Instead of allowing this to limit him, he chose to work hard to 82 it. He is now the Principal Youth Court Judge for New Zealand. Not only did he become successful, but he did so in a(n) 83 where he had to speak in front of others regularly — where his 84 is front and center for all to see. If he hadn’t 85 his speaking ability, it would have been very limiting to his life and career 86 . Here are some more 87 : Brett Eastburn has no arms or legs and yet is an inspirational speaker and also a very good wrestler. Ringo Starr, drummer for the Beatles, 88 a very poor background. He was constantly troubled by illness as a child and spent large amounts of time in hospital. Mark Inglis 89 both of his legs below the knees in a mountaineering accident, but has since climbed Mt Everest. Most of us will never have to face the challenges these people faced. Yet most of us will never achieve 90 that these people have had either, unless we choose to. If Mark Inglis can climb the highest mountain in the world without legs, what can we do? 76．A．manage B．obtain C．share D．divide 77．A．ridiculous B．forgetful C．useless D．hopeless 78．A．impression B．character C．quality D．fortune 79．A．criticism B．pressure C．limitations D．losses 80．A．rise B．behave C．operate D．escape 81．A．winner B．speaker C．organizer D．scholar 82．A．avoid B．treat C．forget D．overcome 83．A．atmosphere B．profession C．situation D．institute 84．A．weakness B．symptom C．strength D．impatience 85．A．put forward B．taken up C．made out D．worked on 86．A．records B．aspects C．prospects D．spirits 87．A．examples B．incidents C．disabilities D．possibilities 88．A．resulted from B．came from C．heard from D．suffered from 89．A．lost B．injured C．destroyed D．broke 90．A．to the point B．in the least C．to the degree D．on the whole 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 290 词 高中哲学社团思辨成长 议论文 名词 / 形容词辨析、情感逻辑、语境呼应、哲思词汇 人与自我、思维成长，思辨类完形，高考新趋势 The philosophy club at our high school was an island of quiet conversation in a sea of athletic enthusiasm and frenetic artistic preparation. I joined, not out of any deep Socratic calling, but because it met in a warm room during the last period on Thursdays, and I had nowhere more compelling to be. Mr. Davies, our advisor, spoke with a calm that seemed to absorb the surrounding noise. He never told us what to think, but persistently, gently, guided us in how to think. One week, he presented a classic dilemma: a runaway trolley is headed for five people tied to a track. You can pull a lever, diverting it onto a side track where it will kill one person. Do you pull it? The room fractured. “It’s simple math-save five!” argued one side. “But you’re making yourself an active agent in killing the one!” countered another, their voice thick with 91 . I sat, my own opinion a ship adrift, 92 by each new argument. Then Mr. Davies refined the scenario: “What if the single person on the side track is a child?” The ethical calculus, once seemingly clear, dissolved into a 93 of gut feeling and tortured logic. I left that day mentally drained, yet feeling a strange, electric 94 I hadn’t experienced in any other class. The questions had no answers, and that, I was starting to see, was precisely the 95 . Week after week, we wrestled with the nature of justice, the illusion of free will, the problem of other minds. I began to perceive the world through a new 96 . A headline wasn’t just news; it was a nest of unexamined premises. A disagreement with my father wasn’t just a clash of wills; it was a conflict of foundational 97 . I learned to deconstruct my own assumptions, to build logical 98 that could withstand scrutiny, and, most painfully, to truly listen to perspectives that my instincts screamed to reject. This newfound habit of interrogation didn’t make me popular. At lunch, my tendency to respond to a friend’s strong opinion with “What leads you to that 99 ?” could be met with eye rolls. My social currency, once based on easy agreement, 100 . Yet, in its place, I found a different, sturdier 101 : a confidence born not of knowing the right answers, but of being able to 102 the right questions. I was no longer a passive vessel for information; I was an active, if confused, participant in a much larger conversation. On the final day, Mr. Davies gave each of us a smooth, river-worn stone. “Philosophy rarely provides 103 ,” he said. “Its gift is the unsettled mind, the good question that 104 complacency. Keep this. Let it remind you to stay 105 .” I keep that stone on my desk. In a cacophonous world of instant takes and performative certainty, it is a quiet monument to doubt, to the weight of a thoughtful pause, and to the slow, enduring work of building a mind that can think for itself. 91．A．anger B．conviction C．hesitation D．humor 92．A．anchored B．lifted C．swayed D．confirmed 93．A．solution B．debate C．fog D．principle 94．A．fatigue B．clarity C．alienation D．vitality 95．A．point B．answer C．problem D．lesson 96．A．window B．lens C．mirror D．filter 97．A．facts B．values C．personalities D．experiences 98．A．bridges B．walls C．arguments D．models 99．A．conclusion B．feeling C．fact D．story 100．A．accumulated B．stabilized C．plummeted D．transformed 101．A．foundation B．doubt C．curiosity D．tool 102．A．answer B．avoid C．frame D．memorize 103．A．stones B．questions C．comforts D．truths 104．A．accepts B．seeks C．disrupts D．confirms 105．A．certain B．silent C．humble D．questioning 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 260 词 室内穿鞋习惯讨论 议论文 动词 / 形容词辨析、习语、语境逻辑、生活话题 生活热点、健康观念，贴近日常，词义辨析为主 My brother is a determined shoes-off-er. I visited him recently and, within a couple of minutes, he 106 at my feet in horror. “What are those?” he asked. “These?” I replied, pointing to my trainers. “I bought them only —.” “No!” he 107 , his face red. “What are they doing in my house?” This is the best way to 108 people. There are those who hate the thought of rubber on carpet, who lie awake 109 because wearing outdoors shoes indoors breaks the natural order of things. Then there are normal people like me, who really don’t care because they understand the 110 of doormats. However, shoes-off-ers might be on to something. A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Houston has shown that 26.4% of shoes 111 the bacteria of Clostridium difficile. Work on a 112 ? A 2014 study concluded that considering the herds you raise your boots are almost certainly covered in E. coli. They are definitely 113 guests to your living rooms. But I’m going to 114 myself. Sure, it might be more hygienic (卫生的) to remove your shoes at the door, but only to a small extent. By all accounts, there is a 115 chance you will get ill when someone is wearing shoes in your living room. And if you have got young kids, who rush in and out of the house without 116 at the first sign of the sun, it’s much more practical to keep your shoes on. Not to mention 117 : Fewer things inspire more pity than the sight of adults 118 bending themselves into knots as they attempt to do up their shoelaces in a narrow hallway at the 119 of a night. True, the answer to both of these problems is slippers. But given the choice of slippers or E. coli, I’ll 120 the latter every time. 106．A．shot B．gestured C．pulled D．leapt 107．A．protested B．murmured C．laughed D．sighed 108．A．bully B．relieve C．split D．understand 109．A．singing B．reflecting C．chewing D．panicking 110．A．point B．category C．price D．condition 111．A．eliminate B．challenge C．carry D．change 112．A．roof B．farm C．ship D．playground 113．A．decent B．charming C．selfish D．unwelcome 114．A．put up with B．look out for C．get along with D．stand up for 115．A．fat B．good C．high D．real 116．A．company B．enthusiasm C．warning D．collaboration 117．A．dignity B．exhaustion C．complexity D．politeness 118．A．gracefully B．painfully C．voluntarily D．creatively 119．A．start B．end C．height D．cost 120．A．refuse B．avoid C．upgrade D．take 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 285 词 数据与直觉的选择 议论文 名词 / 动词辨析、逻辑连接、态度词、观点类 理性思维、科技生活，思辨导向，高频议论文完形 Who, or what, do you trust? Every day, we turn to the internet to 121 : should we stay at that hotel, eat at this restaurant, ride with that driver? We have become so used to the large-scale insights provided by 122 , many of us wouldn’t even buy a toaster without first checking reviews. Their accessibility and apparent authority mean that simply picking an appliance at random is almost 123 — why wouldn’t you ask Google first? And yet, when it comes to many more fundamental choices — like what we choose to study — we often trust our instincts. This, argues economist Seth Davidowitz, is where we are going wrong. 124 , following our instincts can lead us to act on hidden prejudices or to keep following dead-end paths. In his new book Don’t Trust Your Gut: Using data instead of instinct to make better choices, Seth Davidowitz brings together “credible answers to 125 questions” as revealed by vast online data, so we can apply them in order to be more successful and happier. “While we often think we know how to better ourselves, the numbers, it turns out, 126 ,” he writes. Some findings are indeed 127 , going against common belief — for example, the overstated advantage of youth in starting a business. Others, however, may be more 128 expectations: we often overestimate the pleasure of passive activities such as snacking and watching TV. Research by the London School of Economics found that even relaxing tends to make people feel less 129 than anticipated. On the other hand, we underestimate the 130 to our mood from visiting museums or libraries. From work to relationships, Seth Davidowitz looks to the data for 131 on key decisions and, where possible, tries it out for himself. In his book he writes that he used AI, market research and statistical analysis — putting more than 100 edited images of himself into an online survey — to find out that people generally prefer him with glasses and a beard. Though entertaining, his book is most 132 when it challenges popular assumptions and demonstrates what works best for most people, so that all of us might learn from their example. But his somewhat idealist view of data may create a 133 with a world already transformed by it. 134 may not lie, as Seth Davidowitz writes — but nor do they reveal the complete, complex picture, especially when they are controlled by corporate interests. When our 135 is already being shaped by data in ways of which we aren’t aware, perhaps success isn’t always a matter of making the right decision. 121．A．make decisions B．express opinions C．gain knowledge D．achieve success 122．A．experience B．freedom C．technology D．power 123．A．rewarding B．exhausting C．effortless D．unthinkable 124．A．By contrast B．After all C．Even so D．In short 125．A．important B．obvious C．factual D．uncomfortable 126．A．remain B．disagree C．approve D．vary 127．A．misleading B．original C．surprising D．experimental 128．A．dependent on B．beneficial to C．consistent with D．strict about 129．A．attentive B．confused C．confident D．happy 130．A．boost B．cost C．risk D．boredom 131．A．convenience B．guidance C．diversity D．precision 132．A．recreational B．complicated C．popular D．practical 133．A．conflict B．conversation C．balance D．relationship 134．A．Books B．Resources C．Numbers D．Instincts 135．A．identity B．behaviour C．status D．reputation 词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由 约 270 词 自我认知与他人评价 议论文 名词 / 动词辨析、心理语境、逻辑呼应、成长主题 人与自我、心理健康，贴近青少年成长，高考热点 Most of us pursue self-respect and positive self-perception (自我认知). Comments that 136 our self-worth feel uncomfortable, but whether they truly hurt us is 137 subjective, depending on how we 138 others’ words or actions. Taking things personally means interpreting situations as negative 139 about oneself — a psychological tendency called “personalisation (个人化归因)”. For example, a boss pointing out 140 in a report might be misread as thinking you incompetent. Or if your friends cancel a get-together, you might believe they plan to 141 you. This often pairs with “mind reading”: 142 you know others’ thoughts without asking directly, like believing your boss finds you useless. But 143 usually tells a different story: your boss may want to help you improve, and friends might have canceled because they were unwell. To counter this, 144 negative assumptions by putting yourself in others’ shoes, which reveals alternative interpretations— such as your boss’s feedback showing care for your growth, or your friendship being strong enough to allow 145 . The type of 146 you hold also matters. “Hubristic pride”, feeling naturally outstanding, makes you more likely to take things personally. However, “authentic pride” — being proud of your efforts, intentions and 147 — will reduces this tendency. Developing authentic pride can 148 you to protect your self-worth and carry you through 149 . Ultimately, our attitude 150 the foundation of true self-respect. 136．A．affect B．damage C．reflect D．avoid 137．A．equally B．slightly C．rarely D．highly 138．A．interpret B．choose C．accept D．reject 139．A．curiosity B．enquiry C．judgements D．complaint 140．A．differences B．facts C．details D．flaws 141．A．turn away from B．put up with C．stand up for D．get along with 142．A．denying B．proving C．assuming D．promising 143．A．expectation B．reality C．experience D．imagination 144．A．hold B．accept C．challenge D．prove 145．A．flexibility B．growth C．cheat D．carelessness 146．A．value B．mood C．belief D．pride 147．A．luck B．achievements C．appearance D．gifts 148．A．equip B．force C．request D．remind 149．A．self-image B．self-control C．self-awareness D．self-doubts 150．A．lowers B．shakes C．lays D．simplifies 2 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $