专题05 语法选择技巧及训练-2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末复习（沪教版2024）

**基本信息** 以“方法-易错-训练”三维架构系统构建语法选择解题体系，通过语境推断、成分分析、固定搭配三大方法实现知识迁移与能力突破，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |解题方法|3方法6典例|上下文推断法（语境分析）、句子成分分析法（语法结构）、固定搭配法（句型应用）|从宏观语境到微观语法，形成“理解-分析-应用”逻辑链| |易错点|2类4题|比较等级判断、物主代词区分|针对高频错误点，强化语法概念辨析| |同步训练|8单元80题|综合应用三大方法|覆盖时态、语态、代词等核心考点，实现方法迁移| |期末真题|8篇120题|中考真题实战|贴合命题趋势，聚焦高频考点，提升应试能力|

专题05 语法选择技巧及训练 解题方法 方法一:上下文推断法 根据上下文的提示或暗示,体验语境和作者的情感态度,结合语法知识,选出符合场景的最佳选项。 例1　Judie’s class was studying Chinese culture.One day, her teacher went into the classroom　1　 some kites.  A.to B.in C.with D.by 例2　He told them that kites 　2　 in China more than 2,000 years ago.At the end of the class, he said,“The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them...”  A.invent B.invented C.are invented D.were invented 方法二:句子成分分析法 分析句子的各个成分,结合语法知识,补充句子所缺的成分。语法选择中常考的句子成分:谓语(表示做动作的词)、宾语(动作的承受者)、定语(修饰性质的词)、状语(时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件等)。 例1　Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 　1　 first time to make a kite.  “What do you think of when you see a kite?” her dad asked. A.her B.herself C.hers D.she 例2　The children hold their books close as they say good-bye and run home 　2　.David and his donkeys head back, over and around the hills, and into the sunset.  A.cheer B.cheerful C.cheerfully D.more cheerful 方法三:固定搭配 结合上下文并利用动词短语、介词短语、常用句型的固定搭配来直接选择答案。 例1　At the end of the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them.I expect each of you 　1　 a kite that means something important to you…  A.make B.to make C.making D.made 例2　“Wow!” she cried proudly. “　1　 high my butterfly flies!”  A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 易错点1　如何判断形容词或副词的比较等级 1.You will have a 　1 understanding of kites than before.  A.good　 B.better　 C.best　 D.the best 易错点2　如何区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 　2　 first time to make a kite.  A.her　 B.herself　 C.hers　 D.she 同步训练 Unit1 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·期中）In my spare time, I enjoy doing voluntary work at Sunshine Community Center. Last year, I decided to join a program that helps elderly people living alone, and I became 1 volunteer for the first time. Every Saturday morning, I would visit Mr. Zhang, an 80-year-old man who lost 2 left leg in an accident. He had difficulty 3 around, so I helped him with shopping and cleaning. I often 4 hours with him, listening to his stories about the past. At first, Mr. Zhang was always 5 . He told me that he could not enjoy life because all his old friends had passed away 6 . I tried my best to cheer him up. Sometimes I would bring him homemade food 7 he would smile with joy. One day, I had an idea. I invited Mr. Zhang to an art exhibition, which 8 by the local museum. He used to be a painter, and the paintings brought him back to his younger days. After that day, he was much happier. He even offered 9 other elderly people how to paint. Through this experience, I learned that voluntary work not only helps those 10 need but also enriches my own life. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．he B．his C．him D．himself 3．A．move B．to move C．moving D．moved 4．A．took B．cost C．paid D．spent 5．A．happy B．unhappy C．happily D．happiness 6．A．recent B．recently C．unrecent D．recentness 7．A．and B．but C．or D．so 8．A．organizing B．to organize C．organized D．was organized 9．A．to teach B．taught C．teaching D．teach 10．A．on B．at C．in D．for Unit2 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·期中）Using body language well is important for communication. In fact, smiling is often 1 than saying “hello” in some situations. Last month, I met a foreign student at 2 school library. When I tried 3 to him, I noticed that he didn’t look into 4 eyes. At first, I thought he was shy. 5 my teacher told me that in his culture, 6 eye contact is a sign of respect. People from different places may use body language 7 . In Japan, bowing is common when greeting others. In Brazil, people usually stand closer when talking. So we should be careful when we communicate with people from 8 countries. Some gestures 9 wrongly. For example, the “OK” sign means “good” in America, but it may be rude in Brazil. It is necessary 10 about these differences. 1．A．powerful B．more powerful C．most powerful D．powerfully 2．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 3．A．talk B．talks C．talking D．talked 4．A．I B．my C．mine D．me 5．A．But B．And C．Because D．So 6．A．avoids B．avoided C．avoid D．avoiding 7．A．different B．difference C．differently D．differ 8．A．other B．others C．the other D．another 9．A．understand B．understood C．are understood D．understanding 10．A．learn B．learning C．learned D．to learn Unit3 （25-26八年级下·广东·期中）There are lots of lovely animal characters in Disney films. No wonder so many people are 1 to see their favourite animal friends turn into colourful cartoon characters. Isa Bredt, 2 artist from the Netherlands, turns pet photos into Disney-style cartoons. The characters she creates seem like they could jump right out of a classic Disney film! Isa calls her project Pet Disneyfication. “I started it because I am actually a big fan of both 3 animals and the old Disney style,” said the 4 girl. As a result, art has always been an inseparable part of her life. Isa 5 to draw when she was a child. 6 the beginning, she offered free drawings to people who would send her pictures of their pets. Now, she draws for people from around the world. The Dutch artist also works her magic to pay attention to homeless animals. She turns 7 into lovely cartoon characters. And she hopes to increase their chances of finding loving homes. Opia is one such animal. The cat 8 in the street. She could hardly move because of her hurt back legs. Isa carefully drew a picture of her that showed her charm (魅力). The artist encouraged her followers 9 Opia if they could. It was a slow process, 10 Opia finally had her Disney dream come true! And she has found a caring family! 1．A．exciting B．excited C．excite D．excitedly 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．draws B．drew C．drawn D．drawing 4．A．26 years old B．26-years-old C．26-year-old D．26 years of age 5．A．starts B．started C．has started D．will start 6．A．On B．By C．In D．With 7．A．them B．their C．they D．theirs 8．A．finds B．found C．is found D．was found 9．A．help B．helping C．helped D．to help 10．A．but B．and C．or D．so Unit4 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·期中）The shadow puppet play is an ancient way of storytelling, which has a long history in China. It is 1 thought of as an ancient art of China. The shadow puppet play has become quite popular 2 the Song dynasty. During the Ming dynasty, there 3 40 to 50 shadow puppet show groups in Beijing. In 4 13th century, the shadow puppet show became a kind of activity in the army. Then it 5 to other Asian countries. Later, it was introduced to countries in Europe. Characters used in the play look pretty and lively. However, making them 6 high skills. The skin of bulls is commonly used to make shadow puppets. People first clean and take the fat away to make the skin as thin as possible. Then they draw pictures 7 it and cut it out. After that, they put it in the water to add colours and take it out to make it dry. It is the most difficult and important step. Lastly, the skin is tied to sticks together for the plays. Excellent makers can make the characters 8 many things. By controlling the sticks, the character can 9 to walk, dance, fight, nod, laugh and so on. The colours are usually red, green, black and yellow so that 10 can last for a long time. 1．A．too B．also C．neither D．either 2．A．across B．towards C．since D．except 3．A．are B．were C．was D．is 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．is spreading B．spreading C．spreads D．was spread 6．A．require B．requires C．required D．was required 7．A．for B．at C．on D．by 8．A．do B．to do C．doing D．to be done 9．A．make B．making C．be made D．made 10．A．it B．its C．they D．their Unit5 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·单元测试）Many wild animals are in danger now. It is important 1 us to protect them. Asian elephants are one of the largest land animals in Asia. They 2 in forests and grasslands of Southeast Asia. Unlike African elephants, Asian elephants have smaller ears and only some males have tusks. People often 3 down forests for farming and building, so elephants 4 their homes. Some hunters kill them for ivory. As a result, the number of Asian elephants 5 smaller and smaller now. We 6 take action to save them. First, we should make laws to stop hunting. Second, we 7 build more nature reserves for them to live in. Third, we ought to tell our friends and family about the importance of animal protection. A baby elephant is not old enough 8 food alone. It needs its mother’s care for a long time. If we don’t protect elephants, they 9 die out in the future. Animals are our friends. They play an important role in keeping the balance of nature. 10 is kind of us to help homeless animals. Let’s live in harmony with them. 1．A．for B．of C．to D．with 2．A．live B．lives C．lived D．living 3．A．cut B．cuts C．are cutting D．will cut 4．A．lose B．lost C．are losing D．will lose 5．A．become B．becomes C．became D．is becoming 6．A．must B．can C．may D．might 7．A．should B．would C．could D．might 8．A．find B．to find C．finding D．found 9．A．will B．would C．may D．might 10．A．This B．That C．It D．One Unit6 （25-26八年级下·重庆合川·期中）As middle school students, we all want to be better learners. Here are some useful tips for you. First, make a plan. It is very important to make a clear study plan before a new week. 1 down your tasks can help you save time and study more efficiently. Second, find a good study environment. When you do your homework, you should find a quiet place. 2 you are studying, don’t listen to loud music or play games on your phone. A clean and quiet desk can help you focus (专注) better. Third, keep practicing. Learning English is not easy. If you have trouble 3 words, don’t give up. Try to read English stories every day. The more you read, the 4 you will understand them. Remember: practice makes perfect. Fourth, learn to take notes. Our teacher often tells us 5 carefully in class. Good notes are like maps. They can show you the key points when you review lessons. Don’t forget to review 6 you finish learning a unit. It is a good habit to review what you learned. This way, you can remember knowledge 7 . Finally, stay positive. When you face difficult problems, keep 8 . Don’t be shy to ask your teachers or classmates for help. They are ready to support you. In a word, being a better learner takes time and effort. 9 you keep trying, you will make great progress. Let’s be better learners and 10 our dreams come true! 1．A．Writing B．Write C．Writes 2．A．While B．Because C．So 3．A．remember B．remembering C．to remember 4．A．faster B．fast C．fastest 5．A．take notes B．taking notes C．to take notes 6．A．before B．after C．if 7．A．clear B．clearly C．more clearly 8．A．calm B．calmly C．to calm 9．A．Although B．If C．Before 10．A．make B．to make C．making Unit7 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·单元测试）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处选择一个适当的选项。 In the year 2099, every child on Earth had his or her own spacecraft. Of course, they were small and couldn’t travel out of the solar system. This was fine for everyone except Stanley. He was curious and looking forward to 1 around the whole universe, so he worked on his spacecraft 2 it could go anywhere! His friends, George and Amanda, were not 3 about Stanley’s super spacecraft. “Who wants 4 the universe?” George asked. “Our solar system is big enough.” “Just get into my spacecraft,” said Stanley. “Today I will take you on 5 amazing journey.” When they got into the spacecraft, Stanley 6 everything. Soon the three friends were going to fly past the moon. “Now, watch this,” said Stanley. A red button 7 and the spacecraft went fast. Whoosh! George and Amanda grabbed their seats 8 . The spacecraft flew much farther into space. Suddenly, they saw many tiny galaxies all around them. “Welcome to the universe,” said Stanley. Amanda gasped. “It is kind 9 you to offer us the trip.” “Can the spacecraft 10 at the moon? I’d like to have a pizza. I’m really hungry,” George said. “Of course!” said Stanley. His super spacecraft raced back to the moon. 1．A．travel B．travels C．travelled D．travelling 2．A．until B．when C．although D．if 3．A．excitement B．exciting C．excited D．excitedly 4．A．see B．saw C．to see D．seeing 5．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．A．checks B．will check C．is checking D．was checking 7．A．pushes B．pushed C．was pushed D．was pushing 8．A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest 9．A．with B．for C．of D．to 10．A．stop B．stopped C．is stopped D．be stopped Unit8 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·单元测试）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处选择一个适当的选项。 Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most famous scientists, believed that humans would have to move into space one day to live. “Once we spread out into space and set up independent colonies (定居点), 1 future should be safe,” he said. Many countries are planning to send astronauts back to the Moon. Some of these countries would like 2 space stations there within the next 10 years. These stations 3 humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets. Robert Zubrin, 4 rocket scientist, thinks humans should colonize (殖民) space. He wants to start with Mars 5 he believes a human mission that there will allow us to learn a lot of things, for example, the ability of humans to live 6 a very different environment. At last, we could create new human societies on other planets. However, not everyone thinks 7 humans into space is a smart idea. Many say it is too expensive. And too much time will also 8 by most space trips. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People on such long journeys could face many health problems. In addition, the first few people would find life 9 difficult in space. On the Moon’s surface, for example, the sun’s rays are very 10 . People would have to stay indoors most of the time. Although there are many concerns, it seems certain to send people into space. In the future, we might see lunar cities or even new human cultures on other planets. 1．A．we B．us C．our D．ours 2．A．creates B．to create C．creating D．to creating 3．A．prepares B．prepared C．have prepared D．will prepare 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．if B．when C．as D．after 6．A．in B．on C．at D．from 7．A．sends B．sent C．sending D．to send 8．A．take B．took C．is taken D．be taken 9．A．serious B．seriousness C．seriously D．more serious 10．A．dangerous B．more dangerous C．most dangerous D．the most dangerous 期末真题 （1） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 Florence Nightingale was the first great nurse in the world. She was born when her parents 1 Florence in Italy on May 12, 1820. That is why 2 was named after the city. From an early age, Florence showed her kindness to those in need and did everything 3 them. As Florence grew older, she dreamt of becoming 4 nurse. Not many people supported her dream 5 nursing was not seen as a respectable job at that time. What’s more, 6 nurses were trained in her country. However, she didn’t give up. In 1850, Florence went abroad and got trained in Germany to be a nurse. In 1854, Britain was at war with 7 country. Many soldiers died in hospital because of hygiene (卫生) problems. Hearing this, Florence set off with some nurses to help. At first, the doctors didn’t want women’s help, but Florence chose to stay. She asked the nurses to take care of the soldiers and clean the hospitals 8 than before. She also made people 9 the importance of hand-washing. “Every nurse 10 wash hands before caring for patients,” she strongly suggested. At night, Florence checked on every patient with a lamp before bedtime, so she 11 “Lady with the Lamp” by soldiers. Florence’s kind act made her 12 popular that even Queen Victoria wanted to meet her. But 13 a skillful nurse herself was not enough for her. 14 the Queen’s help, Florence worked very 15 to make the hospitals better. In 1860, she started a school for nurses. Soon more nursing schools were set up all over the world. Florence’s dream came true finally. 1．A．have visited B．visit C．would visit D．were visiting 2．A．her B．she C．hers D．herself 3．A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．because of B．but C．so D．because 6．A．few B．little C．many D．much 7．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 8．A．careful B．carefully C．more carefully D．most carefully 9．A．realize B．to realize C．realizing D．realized 10．A．may B．could C．must D．can 11．A．called B．was called C．will be called D．was calling 12．A．so B．such C．very D．too 13．A．be B．have been C．being D．been 14．A．In B．At C．With D．About 15．A．hardly B．hard C．harder D．hardest （2） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was a sunny noon. Anna and Jack were bored. Just then they remembered Jack’s remote control car, so they decided 1 it in the garage. But then they found an old toy. When they touched it, they both fell asleep. When they woke up, 2 was around. Before them stood only a tall black door. They wondered what was behind it. As soon as they stepped 3 the door, they found a wasteland with just 4 weak and short plants. Suddenly, they heard 5 loud noise. Anna turned around and saw a giant creature. It 6 towards them. As it got closer, they found its body was made of old metal, broken electronics, and smelly rubbish. Feeling afraid, the two kids ran away as 7 as possible. But wherever they ran, the monster kept 8 them. They were so tired that they 9 run any further. “Who...are...you? Please don’t hurt us.” begged Anna and Jack. The creature shouted at them, “I am the Rubbish Monster. I hate 10 for being so dirty and smelly, but I 11 by you—humans.” “For years, you’ve poured dirty water into the rivers, cut down the forests, and thrown rubbish everywhere. Because of the 12 , I became a monster like this. Things may get worse 13 you care for the environment...” The children lowered down their heads. Before they apologized, a powerful wind brought them back to their garage, as if nothing had happened. “That was 14 !” Anna said. “Yeah...” Jack nodded. “ 15 is important for us to protect the earth from now on. We can’t let the future end up like that!” 1．A．look for B．looking for C．to look for D．looked for 2．A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．anybody 3．A．from B．over C．towards D．through 4．A．a little B．much C．a few D．a lot 5．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．A．is walking B．walks C．walk D．was walking 7．A．quick B．quicker C．quickly D．more quickly 8．A．following B．follows C．followed D．to follow 9．A．mustn’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 10．A．myself B．me C．my D．mine 11．A．am creating B．was created C．have created D．created 12．A．polluted B．pollutes C．to pollute D．pollution 13．A．because B．until C．if D．unless 14．A．frighten B．frightened C．frightening D．frightens 15．A．That B．It C．There D．This （3） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末） Sometimes just let it be Once a wise man was walking from one town to another with a few of his followers. While they 1 , they passed a lake. They stopped there and the wise man told one of his disciples (弟子), “I am thirsty. Please get me some water from that lake.” The disciple walked up to 2 lake. When he got there, he noticed that the water became very dirty and very muddy 3 some people were washing clothes and a carriage just got into the water. The disciple thought, “ 4 can I give this muddy water to Master?” So, he came back and told his master, “The water there is very muddy. I don’t think it is 5 .” So, the wise man said, “Let’s 6 a little rest here by the tree.” After about half an hour, again the master asked the same disciple 7 back and get him some water to drink. This time the disciple found 8 clear water. The mud had settled down (沉淀) and the water 9 it looked fit to drink. So he collected some water in a pot and brought it to his master. The wise man looked at the water, and said, “See? You let the water be, 10 the mud settled down on its own. You got clear water. 11 didn’t take any hard work.” Moral: Your mind is also like that. When it 12 by worries or anger, just let it be. Give it a little time. It will settle down on its own. When your mind feels muddy (like after a fight), wait calmly (平静地)—just like dirt settling down, and soon clear thoughts 13 up naturally. You don’t 14 put in any effort to calm it down. We can judge and make the best 15 in our life when we stay calm. 1．A．would travel B．travel C．have traveled D．were traveling 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．after B．because C．before D．until 4．A．When B．Where C．How D．Why 5．A．drink B．drunk C．drinking D．drinkable 6．A．take B．taken C．took D．to take 7．A．going B．to go C．went D．gone 8．A．complete B．completed C．completing D．completely 9．A．above B．behind C．beside D．near 10．A．but B．or C．and D．so 11．A．They B．It C．Theirs D．Its 12．A．troubles B．troubled C．was troubled D．is troubled 13．A．rises B．will rise C．are rising D．have risen 14．A．have to B．may C．must D．should 15．A．decide B．deciders C．decisions D．decided （4） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）One sunny afternoon, Amy went to a candy store with her father. As soon as she entered the store, she 1 by all the colorful candy. “It’s 2 . Where should I begin?” Amy asked 3 . Her father smiled and said, “You can choose your favourite taste, but remember that you have 4 important visit to the museum in ten minutes.” Amy 5 up a chocolate bar. But she put it back. She looked at the jelly sweets but didn’t take them 6 . “There are too many! I don’t know 7 to choose because I just want the best.” she said. She 8 make up her mind. Her father watched as Amy kept looking 9 her favourite candy. Her eyes moved from one bag to 10 . He found that 11 a choice was hard for her. Even though it was close to the visit time, he stayed 12 enough to wait. Finally, it was time to leave. Amy left the store 13 held nothing in her hands. Her father knelt down and said gently, “Sweetheart, life is like this candy store. If you spend too long 14 for the perfect choice, you might miss the good ones right in front of you. Sometimes, making a decision even if it’s not perfect 15 better than staying stuck.” He continued, “Next time, pick what makes you happy in that moment. Remember, no choice is truly wrong.” 1．A．attract B．attracted C．is attracted D．was attracted 2．A．amaze B．amazed C．amazing D．amazement 3．A．she B．her C．herself D．hers 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．pick B．picks C．picked D．was picking 6．A．either B．too C．also D．neither 7．A．which B．how C．why D．when 8．A．needn’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 9．A．at B．up C．after D．for 10．A．other B．others C．the other D．another 11．A．make B．makes C．making D．to make 12．A．patient B．more patient C．patiently D．more patiently 13．A．but B．and C．or D．so 14．A．to wait B．waiting C．waited D．wait 15．A．were B．was C．are D．is （5） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）One day, two boys were fighting badly. They both wanted 1 the train and railway set. Their father saw this, pulled them apart, and said, “My little sons, you 2 a lot of stories about animals since you were born. Did you know 3 hunters caught monkeys in the past? They would place a glass jar 4 a small neck on the ground. Then, inside the jar, the monkeys’ favorite food would 5 .” “When 6 monkey found the jar,” the father said, “it would reach inside, take the food, and try to 7 . The monkey could have gotten its hand out 8 the neck of the jar hadn’t been so small. It couldn’t get out without giving up the food.” The boys listened 9 , their eyes wide with curiosity. “No matter how hard the monkey tried,” the father continued, “it couldn’t free its hand with the food in it. The monkey would pull and tug, but the narrow neck of the jar made it impossible to escape 10 it was holding the food.” The children asked together, “What?” The father replied, “The monkey always refused to let go. It held onto the food, never giving up. It was too stubborn to realize that letting go was the only way to be free. Then the hunters came over and got the monkey with excitement.” The boys looked at each other, understanding the lesson their father was trying to teach 11 . “So, my little sons, remember this story. In life, you 12 be wise. Know when to give up, when to move on, and when to let go of whatever is holding you back. Just like the monkey, sometimes it’s better to give up 13 small to find a better way to reach your dreams. You can always find 14 train set, but fighting won’t help you get it.” The boys nodded, realizing that sometimes, letting go is the 15 choice. 1．A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 2．A．read B．reads C．have read D．had read 3．A．why B．when C．where D．how 4．A．with B．of C．within D．beside 5．A．was put B．puts C．be put D．have put 6．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 7．A．get out them B．get them out C．get out it D．get it out 8．A．when B．if C．as D．though 9．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．caring 10．A．after B．while C．before D．when 11．A．theirs B．their C．they D．them 12．A．should B．can C．must D．may 13．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 14．A．other B．the other C．another D．others 15．A．wise B．wisest C．wiser D．wisely （6） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 Kevin was a rich and clever boy. 1 he had everything a boy could ever want, he was only interested in the most unusual objects. One day, he found a very old mirror and he asked his parents 2 it from a mysterious old man. When the mirror 3 home, Kevin looked into it. His face looked very sad. He tried 4 and making funny faces, but it remained the same. Feeling surprised, Kevin went off to buy sweets and toys. He came home and looked into the mirror as 5 as he could. To his 6 , his face was still sad-looking. Angrily, Kevin kicked the mirror off in a corner “ 7 terrible mirror! It can’t work properly!” That next day, when he went to play in a park, he saw a little boy 8 loudly. The boy looked 9 sad and lonely that Kevin went over to see what was happening. The little one said he couldn’t find his parents. Together the two boys set 10 to look for them. Kevin spent his money buying the little one candies to cheer him up. “Don’t worry, we 11 them.” Kevin said. Finally, after much walking, they found his parents who were very worried. Returning home tired and penniless, Kevin noticed 12 shining in the corner. It was the mirror! He came closer, and found a light 13 from his own body, so bright with happiness he had become. Kevin understood the mystery of the mirror. That mirror 14 faithfully show the true joy of its owner. He felt really happy at helping that little boy. From then on, each morning when he looked in that mirror and failed to see a light, he knew something must 15 to bring it back. 1．A．So B．If C．Because D．Because of 2．A．to buy B．bought C．buying D．buy 3．A．is taken B．will be taken C．has been taken D．was taken 4．A．smiling B．to smile C．smile D．smiles 5．A．more happily B．happier C．happily D．happy 6．A．surprised B．surprise C．surprising D．surprises 7．A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 8．A．crying B．cries C．to cry D．will cry 9．A．very B．such C．so D．too 10．A．off B．up C．of D．down 11．A．found B．have found C．find D．will find 12．A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything 13．A．comes B．would come C．was coming D．has come 14．A．could B．must C．should D．may 15．A．do B．be doing C．to do D．be done （7） （23-24八年级下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 If there are many choices, how will you make a decision? A 1 kid walked into a candy store with his dad. He 2 by so many candies on sale. “It’s amazing. Where should I begin?” he asked 3 . “Hurry up, son! I have to attend 4 important meeting.” his dad said. “These are all my favourite and I don’t know 5 to do.” He 6 up some bags and then put them back. He 7 make up his mind. “We have no time.” his dad said. Then the boy ran around the store 8 again. His eyes moved 9 one bag to another. All of the sweets looked so good and it’s hard 10 . Finally, the dad was not 11 enough to wait. He caught his son by the hand and they walked out of the store empty-handed. The boy cried. He wanted them all, 12 ended up with nothing. 13 of us are like that boy. The world is that candy store. Sometimes we end up empty-handed about our jobs, education, relationships, marriage or other important things 14 our fear. Sometimes we are afraid of 15 the wrong choice. If we regret the direction that we take, is it too late to go back? 1．A．six-year-old B．six-years-old C．six years old D．six year old 2．A．attract B．attracted C．is attracted D．was attracted 3．A．he B．him C．himself D．his 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．why B．how C．where D．what 6．A．pick B．picks C．picked D．will pick 7．A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 8．A．worried B．worriedly C．more worried D．most worriedly, 9．A．from B．in C．at D．with 10．A．choose B．chose C．to choose D．choosing 11．A．patience B．patient C．patiently D．more patiently 12．A．but B．so C．and D．or 13．A．Some B．Each C．None D．Either 14．A．because B．for C．since D．because of 15．A．make B．making C．to make D．made （8） （23-24八年级下·广东广州·期末）Where was the cashier (收银员)? Impatient, I quickly looked at my watch 1 there was little time for me to eat a sandwich before work. I looked around the restaurant, and no guests 2 . At the far end of the counter only a woman 3 the table. She looked at me coldly with sad, dark eyes. I waited, getting angry and wanted to shout, “I 4 here for at least three minutes!” Controlling my anger, I remembered Mom’s words. “Whenever something unpleasant happens to you, 5 what is missing. If someone is unkind, then 6 is missing. If someone is hateful, then love is missing. If you know what’s missing, we had better provide 7 .” And here in the restaurant, service was missing. Maybe I should just jump behind the counter and take my own order. Just then the woman walked slowly towards me and asked even 8 . “May I help you?” She looked so tired, and I guessed she 9 be overworked. Remembering Mom’s words, I took 10 deep breath, gave the woman my order…and smiled. “How are you today?” My question seemed to 11 her. She eyed me for a second before 12 . “Not too good.” “I’m sorry.” I said. “I hope it gets 13 from now.” Looking at me, she almost smiled, “Thanks. I hope so.” “We all have problems and angers. We get tired and hurt. Still it’s important for us to be nicer to 14 .” I thought. After my meal, I wiped the table cleaner than usual. The woman was watching me, with a big smile 15 her face. 1．A．so B．as C．though D．if 2．A．can see B．could see C．can be seen D．could be seen 3．A．cleans B．is cleaning C．was cleaning D．will clean 4．A．am standing B．stood C．stands D．have stood 5．A．think about B．thinking about C．thought about D．thinks about 6．A．kind B．kindness C．kindly D．kinder 7．A．him B．it C．us D．them 8．A．cold B．colder C．coldly D．more coldly 9．A．might B．have to C．can't D．would 10．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 11．A．surprising B．surprise C．surprised D．surprisingly 12．A．answer B．answers C．answered D．answering 13．A．the better B．well C．better D．best 14．A．other B．the other C．others D．another 15．A．on B．in C．at D．from 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 语法选择技巧及训练 解题方法 方法一:上下文推断法 根据上下文的提示或暗示,体验语境和作者的情感态度,结合语法知识,选出符合场景的最佳选项。 例1　Judie’s class was studying Chinese culture.One day, her teacher went into the classroom　1　 some kites.  A.to B.in C.with D.by 解析:联系上下文可知,她的老师带着风筝走进教室,with 表伴随,故选C。 [总结]语法选择中介词的常见考法: (1)表示时间: at +时刻,in +世纪/年/月/季节,on +具体一天或具体某一天的早/午/晚,for +一段时间; (2)表示方式: by乘坐,用……方式;with 用……;in 使用……(语言或文字); (3)短语或句型的搭配: with one’s help,on one’s own,It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.等。 例2　He told them that kites 　2　 in China more than 2,000 years ago.At the end of the class, he said,“The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them...”  A.invent B.invented C.are invented D.were invented 解析:由句意可知,风筝是“被发明的”,由told可知时态是一般过去时,故选D。 [总结]被动语态结构:主语+ be done(看主谓,注意前后时态)。 方法二:句子成分分析法 分析句子的各个成分,结合语法知识,补充句子所缺的成分。语法选择中常考的句子成分:谓语(表示做动作的词)、宾语(动作的承受者)、定语(修饰性质的词)、状语(时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件等)。 例1　Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 　1　 first time to make a kite.  “What do you think of when you see a kite?” her dad asked. A.her B.herself C.hers D.she 解析:用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的first time,故选A。 [总结]语法选择中常考的代词: (1)动词、介词后用人称代词宾格(him/her/them) ; (2)空格后有名词,用形容词性物主代词(his/her/their); (3)空格后没有名词,用名词性物主代词(his/hers/theirs) ; (4)反身代词: enjoy/help/dress/teach oneself(-selves) ; (5)不定代词: other, the other, another, others, the others 等。 例2　The children hold their books close as they say good-bye and run home 　2　.David and his donkeys head back, over and around the hills, and into the sunset.  A.cheer B.cheerful C.cheerfully D.more cheerful 解析:作状语,用副词修饰前面的动词run,故选C。 [总结]副词(-ly)用于修饰动词/句子。 方法三:固定搭配 结合上下文并利用动词短语、介词短语、常用句型的固定搭配来直接选择答案。 例1　At the end of the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them.I expect each of you 　1　 a kite that means something important to you…  A.make B.to make C.making D.made 解析:固定搭配: expect sb. to do sth. “期望某人做某事”,故选B。 [总结]语法选择中非谓语动词的常见考法: (1)介词+ doing, to do(表目的); (2)接to do的动词(agree, promise, decide, refuse, advise 等); (3)接doing的动词或短语(mind, practice, enjoy, look forward to, give up等)。 例2　“Wow!” she cried proudly. “　1　 high my butterfly flies!”  A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 解析:感叹句: How +adv.+主语+谓语!,故选D。 [总结]感叹句句型: (1)What(+a/an) +adj.+n.(+主语+谓语)! (2)How +adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)! 易错点1　如何判断形容词或副词的比较等级 1.You will have a 　1 understanding of kites than before.  A.good　 B.better　 C.best　 D.the best 点拨:本题易错选C。句中有标志词than出现,一般要选比较级。 解析:good好的(原级);better更好的(比较级);best最好的(最高级);the best最好的(最高级)。根据句中的than before,可知应用比较级,故选B。结构:“A+谓语动词/系动词+形容词或副词比较级+than+B”表示“A比B更……”。 易错点2　如何区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 　2　 first time to make a kite.  A.her　 B.herself　 C.hers　 D.she 点拨:本题易错选C或D。选代词时,如果空格后面有名词,可判断填形容词性物主代词;如果空格后面没有其他内容,可判断填名词性物主代词。 解析:句意:朱迪决定向她的爸爸求助,因为这是她第一次做风筝。根据空后的名词time,可知此空应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故选A。 同步训练 Unit1 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·期中）In my spare time, I enjoy doing voluntary work at Sunshine Community Center. Last year, I decided to join a program that helps elderly people living alone, and I became 1 volunteer for the first time. Every Saturday morning, I would visit Mr. Zhang, an 80-year-old man who lost 2 left leg in an accident. He had difficulty 3 around, so I helped him with shopping and cleaning. I often 4 hours with him, listening to his stories about the past. At first, Mr. Zhang was always 5 . He told me that he could not enjoy life because all his old friends had passed away 6 . I tried my best to cheer him up. Sometimes I would bring him homemade food 7 he would smile with joy. One day, I had an idea. I invited Mr. Zhang to an art exhibition, which 8 by the local museum. He used to be a painter, and the paintings brought him back to his younger days. After that day, he was much happier. He even offered 9 other elderly people how to paint. Through this experience, I learned that voluntary work not only helps those 10 need but also enriches my own life. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．he B．his C．him D．himself 3．A．move B．to move C．moving D．moved 4．A．took B．cost C．paid D．spent 5．A．happy B．unhappy C．happily D．happiness 6．A．recent B．recently C．unrecent D．recentness 7．A．and B．but C．or D．so 8．A．organizing B．to organize C．organized D．was organized 9．A．to teach B．taught C．teaching D．teach 10．A．on B．at C．in D．for 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述作者在社区中心做志愿者，帮助独居老人张先生，不仅帮助了他人也丰富了自己生活的故事。 【详解】1．句意：去年，我决定加入一个帮助独居老人的项目，并且我第一次成为了一名志愿者。 根据句意，此处表示“一名志愿者”，是泛指，volunteer以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表示特指，/表示零冠词，均不符合语境。 2．句意：每个周六早上，我都会去看望张先生，一位在事故中失去左腿的80岁老人。 此处修饰名词left leg，需用形容词性物主代词，his“他的”符合语境。he是主格，him是宾格，himself是反身代词，均不能修饰名词。 3．句意：他行动不便，所以我帮他购物和打扫卫生。 “have difficulty (in) doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，in可省略，因此此处需填动名词moving。move是动词原形，to move是动词不定式，moved是过去式/过去分词，均不符合固定搭配。 4．句意：我经常花几个小时陪他，听他讲过去的故事。 根据句意，此处表示“花费时间”，主语是人，常用搭配“spend + 时间 + with sb.”，符合语境。took常用于“it takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”结构，cost主语是物，paid常用于“pay for”结构，均不符合此处用法。 5．句意：起初，张先生总是不开心。 根据后文“He told me that he could not enjoy life”，可知此处应填表示“不开心的”形容词，unhappy符合语境。happy“开心的”与句意相反，happily是副词，happiness是名词，均不符合句子结构和句意。 6．句意：他告诉我他无法享受生活，因为他所有的老朋友最近都去世了。 此处修饰动词短语passed away，需用副词，recently“最近”符合语境。recent是形容词，unrecent是形容词“不近期的”，recentness是名词，均不能修饰动词。 7．句意：有时我会给他带自制的食物，他就会开心地笑起来。 结合句意，“带自制食物”和“开心地笑”是顺承关系，and用于连接两个并列的动作，符合语境。but表示转折，or表示选择，so表示因果，均不符合逻辑。 8．句意：有一天，我有了一个主意。我邀请张先生去参加一个由当地博物馆组织的艺术展。 此处定语从句修饰art exhibition，主语which指代art exhibition，与谓语动词organize是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态was organized。organizing是现在分词，to organize是动词不定式，organized是过去式/过去分词（主动语态），均不符合被动语境。 9．句意：他甚至主动提出教其他老人画画。 “offer to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“主动提出做某事”，因此此处需填动词不定式to teach。taught是过去式/过去分词，teaching是动名词/现在分词，teach是动词原形，均不符合固定搭配。 10．句意：通过这次经历，我明白了志愿工作不仅帮助那些有需要的人，也丰富了我自己的生活。 “in need”是固定短语，意为“有需要的”，修饰those（那些人），符合语境。on、at、for均不能与need构成此搭配，不符合句意。 Unit2 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·期中）Using body language well is important for communication. In fact, smiling is often 1 than saying “hello” in some situations. Last month, I met a foreign student at 2 school library. When I tried 3 to him, I noticed that he didn’t look into 4 eyes. At first, I thought he was shy. 5 my teacher told me that in his culture, 6 eye contact is a sign of respect. People from different places may use body language 7 . In Japan, bowing is common when greeting others. In Brazil, people usually stand closer when talking. So we should be careful when we communicate with people from 8 countries. Some gestures 9 wrongly. For example, the “OK” sign means “good” in America, but it may be rude in Brazil. It is necessary 10 about these differences. 1．A．powerful B．more powerful C．most powerful D．powerfully 2．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 3．A．talk B．talks C．talking D．talked 4．A．I B．my C．mine D．me 5．A．But B．And C．Because D．So 6．A．avoids B．avoided C．avoid D．avoiding 7．A．different B．difference C．differently D．differ 8．A．other B．others C．the other D．another 9．A．understand B．understood C．are understood D．understanding 10．A．learn B．learning C．learned D．to learn 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述肢体语言在跨文化交流中的重要性，通过作者与外国学生的经历，说明不同文化中肢体语言的差异，以及了解这些差异的必要性。 1．句意：事实上，在某些情况下，微笑通常比说“你好”更有力量。 空后出现than，提示此处需用形容词比较级。powerful的比较级为more powerful。 2．句意：上个月，我在学校图书馆遇到了一位外国学生。 此处的school library是双方都知道的，说话者所在的学校图书馆，属于特指，需用定冠词the。 3．句意：当我尝试和他交谈时，我注意到他没有看我的眼睛。 固定搭配try doing sth表示“尝试做某事”，选项中只有talking符合语法。 4．句意：当我尝试和他交谈时，我注意到他没有看我的眼睛。 此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词eyes，表示“我的眼睛”，my符合要求。 5．句意：但是我的老师告诉我，在他的文化里避免眼神接触是尊重的一种表现。 上下文存在转折关系：前文作者误以为对方害羞，后文老师解释了真实原因。因此需用转折连词But。 6．句意：但是我的老师告诉我，在他的文化里避免眼神接触是尊重的一种表现。 此处需要动名词短语作句子的主语，因此用avoiding eye contact。 7．句意：来自不同地方的人使用肢体语言的方式可能不同。 此处需要副词修饰动词use，表示“不同地”，differently符合要求。 8．句意：所以当我们和来自其他国家的人交流时，我们应该小心。 此处需要形容词修饰名词countries，表示“其他的”，other countries指其他国家。 9．句意：有些手势会被误解。 句子主语Some gestures是动作的承受者，需用被动语态，are understood是被动结构。 10．句意：了解这些差异是必要的。 固定句型It is necessary to do something表示“做某事是必要的”，因此需用不定式to learn。 Unit3 （25-26八年级下·广东·期中）There are lots of lovely animal characters in Disney films. No wonder so many people are 1 to see their favourite animal friends turn into colourful cartoon characters. Isa Bredt, 2 artist from the Netherlands, turns pet photos into Disney-style cartoons. The characters she creates seem like they could jump right out of a classic Disney film! Isa calls her project Pet Disneyfication. “I started it because I am actually a big fan of both 3 animals and the old Disney style,” said the 4 girl. As a result, art has always been an inseparable part of her life. Isa 5 to draw when she was a child. 6 the beginning, she offered free drawings to people who would send her pictures of their pets. Now, she draws for people from around the world. The Dutch artist also works her magic to pay attention to homeless animals. She turns 7 into lovely cartoon characters. And she hopes to increase their chances of finding loving homes. Opia is one such animal. The cat 8 in the street. She could hardly move because of her hurt back legs. Isa carefully drew a picture of her that showed her charm (魅力). The artist encouraged her followers 9 Opia if they could. It was a slow process, 10 Opia finally had her Disney dream come true! And she has found a caring family! 1．A．exciting B．excited C．excite D．excitedly 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．draws B．drew C．drawn D．drawing 4．A．26 years old B．26-years-old C．26-year-old D．26 years of age 5．A．starts B．started C．has started D．will start 6．A．On B．By C．In D．With 7．A．them B．their C．they D．theirs 8．A．finds B．found C．is found D．was found 9．A．help B．helping C．helped D．to help 10．A．but B．and C．or D．so 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了荷兰艺术家Isa Bredt将宠物照片绘制成迪士尼风格卡通形象的故事。 1．句意：难怪如此多的人兴奋地看到他们最爱的动物朋友变成多彩的卡通角色。 上文提到迪士尼动画中有可爱的动物角色，人们看到它们变成卡通形象时的感受应为“兴奋的”，且主语是people，描述人的感受应用-ed结尾形容词。excited“兴奋的”符合。exciting“令人兴奋的”修饰物；excite动词原形；excitedly副词，均不符合语法或语境。 2．句意：Isa Bredt，一位来自荷兰的艺术家，将宠物照片变成迪士尼风格的卡通角色。 泛指“一位艺术家”，且artist以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。a用于辅音音素开头的词；the表特指；/为零冠词，均不符合。 3．句意：这位26岁的女孩说：“我开始这个项目是因为我其实是动物绘画和古老迪士尼风格的超级粉丝。” 介词of后接宾语，且animals与drawing之间为逻辑上的主动关系，意为“画动物的（行为/艺术）”，应用动名词drawing作定语。draws第三人称单数；drew过去式；drawn过去分词，均不符合语法。 4．句意：这位26岁的女孩说。 表示“26岁的”，应用连字符连接的复合形容词“基数词-year-old”，其中名词year用单数形式。26 years old作表语；26-years-old中year错误地加了s；26 years of age表述正确但不符合连字符作定语的用法。 5．句意：Isa从小就开始画画。 描述童年时的行为，应用一般过去时。started符合。starts一般现在时；has started现在完成时强调对现在的影响；will start一般将来时，均与时间状语“when she was a child”不符。 6．句意：一开始，她为那些把宠物照片发给她的人提供免费绘画。 固定搭配in the beginning“起初，一开始”。on, by, with均不能与the beginning构成此短语。 7．句意：她把它们变成可爱的卡通角色。 指代前文的homeless animals，作turn的宾语，应用人称代词的宾格them。their形容词性物主代词；they主格；their名词性物主代词，均不符合。 8．句意：这只猫被发现时在街上。 猫被人在街上发现，描述过去的事实，应用一般过去时的被动语态was found。finds主动一般现在时；found主动过去时；is found被动一般现在时，均不符合时态或语态。 9．句意：这位艺术家鼓励她的粉丝们，如果可以的话，去帮助Opia。 固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，应用动词不定式to help作宾语补足语。help动词原形；helping动名词/现在分词；helped过去式，均不符合搭配。 10．句意：这是一个缓慢的过程，但是Opia最终实现了她的迪士尼梦想！ 上文说“缓慢”，下文说“最终梦想成真”，前后为转折关系，应用but。and表并列；or表选择；so表结果，均不符合逻辑。 Unit4 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·期中）The shadow puppet play is an ancient way of storytelling, which has a long history in China. It is 1 thought of as an ancient art of China. The shadow puppet play has become quite popular 2 the Song dynasty. During the Ming dynasty, there 3 40 to 50 shadow puppet show groups in Beijing. In 4 13th century, the shadow puppet show became a kind of activity in the army. Then it 5 to other Asian countries. Later, it was introduced to countries in Europe. Characters used in the play look pretty and lively. However, making them 6 high skills. The skin of bulls is commonly used to make shadow puppets. People first clean and take the fat away to make the skin as thin as possible. Then they draw pictures 7 it and cut it out. After that, they put it in the water to add colours and take it out to make it dry. It is the most difficult and important step. Lastly, the skin is tied to sticks together for the plays. Excellent makers can make the characters 8 many things. By controlling the sticks, the character can 9 to walk, dance, fight, nod, laugh and so on. The colours are usually red, green, black and yellow so that 10 can last for a long time. 1．A．too B．also C．neither D．either 2．A．across B．towards C．since D．except 3．A．are B．were C．was D．is 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．is spreading B．spreading C．spreads D．was spread 6．A．require B．requires C．required D．was required 7．A．for B．at C．on D．by 8．A．do B．to do C．doing D．to be done 9．A．make B．making C．be made D．made 10．A．it B．its C．they D．their 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国古老的皮影戏艺术，包括其发展历史、制作工艺以及表演特点。 1．句意：它也被认为是中国的一种古老艺术。 此处表示“也被认为”，also意为“也”，放在be动词之后、实义动词之前。too用于肯定句句末；neither用于否定句；either用于否定句句末，均不符合。 2．句意：皮影戏自宋代以来变得相当流行。 “has become”是现在完成时结构，“the Song dynasty”是过去的时间，应填since“自从”，表示从过去持续到现在的动作。across“穿过”、towards“朝”、except“除了”，均不符合。 3．句意：在明代，北京有40到50个皮影戏团。 由“During the Ming dynasty”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语是“ 40 to 50 shadow puppet show groups”，be动词用were。 4．句意：在13世纪，皮影戏成为军队中的一种活动。 序数词13th前应用定冠词the，表示“第13个”。a/an表泛指；/不填，均不符合。 5．句意：后来，它被传播到了其他亚洲国家。 主语it指代“the shadow puppet show”，与spread之间为被动关系，且时态为一般过去时，所以此处为一般过去时的被动语态，应填was spread。 6．句意：然而，制作它们需要高超的技艺。 句子描述一般事实，用一般现在时；主语“making them”是动名词短语，视为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式requires。 7．句意：然后他们在上面画画并剪下来。 此处指在皮上画画，on意为“在……上面”，符合搭配。for“为了”、at“在”、by“通过”，均不符合。 38．句意：优秀的制作者可以让角色做很多事情。 make sb. do sth.是固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”，后接省略to的动词不定式。do是动词原形，符合搭配。 9．句意：通过控制棍子，角色可以被操控行走、跳舞、打斗、点头、大笑等等。 主语“character”与make之间为被动关系，情态动词can后接“be done”结构，构成被动语态，be made是被动语态，符合语法。 10．句意：颜色通常是红、绿、黑、黄，这样它们可以持续很长时间。 空处指代前文的“colours”，用复数代词they，作主语。it指代单数；its是形容词性物主代词；their也是形容词性物主代词，均不能作主语。 Unit5 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·单元测试）Many wild animals are in danger now. It is important 1 us to protect them. Asian elephants are one of the largest land animals in Asia. They 2 in forests and grasslands of Southeast Asia. Unlike African elephants, Asian elephants have smaller ears and only some males have tusks. People often 3 down forests for farming and building, so elephants 4 their homes. Some hunters kill them for ivory. As a result, the number of Asian elephants 5 smaller and smaller now. We 6 take action to save them. First, we should make laws to stop hunting. Second, we 7 build more nature reserves for them to live in. Third, we ought to tell our friends and family about the importance of animal protection. A baby elephant is not old enough 8 food alone. It needs its mother’s care for a long time. If we don’t protect elephants, they 9 die out in the future. Animals are our friends. They play an important role in keeping the balance of nature. 10 is kind of us to help homeless animals. Let’s live in harmony with them. 1．A．for B．of C．to D．with 2．A．live B．lives C．lived D．living 3．A．cut B．cuts C．are cutting D．will cut 4．A．lose B．lost C．are losing D．will lose 5．A．become B．becomes C．became D．is becoming 6．A．must B．can C．may D．might 7．A．should B．would C．could D．might 8．A．find B．to find C．finding D．found 9．A．will B．would C．may D．might 10．A．This B．That C．It D．One 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了亚洲象面临的生存危机，并提出了保护措施。 【详解】1．句意：保护它们对我们来说很重要。 It is important for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事很重要”，for“对于”符合。of用于It is + adj. + of sb.句型，to“到”，with“和”，均与句型不符。 2．句意：它们生活在东南亚的森林和草原上。 描述一般事实，主语They为复数，应用一般现在时live“生活”。lives第三人称单数，lived过去式，living现在分词，均与主语复数不匹配。 3．句意：人们经常砍伐森林用于农业和建筑。 often提示描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语People为复数，动词用原形cut“砍伐”。cuts第三人称单数，are cutting现在进行时，will cut将来时，均与一般事实描述不符。 4．句意：所以大象正在失去它们的家园。 上文森林被砍伐，说明大象“正在失去”家园，描述当前持续的状态，应用现在进行时are losing“正在失去”。lose一般现在时，lost过去式，will lose将来时，均与持续状态不符。 5．句意：结果，现在亚洲象的数量变得越来越少。 now提示描述变化趋势，应用现在进行时，主语the number为第三人称单数，动词用is becoming“正在变得”。become一般现在时，becomes第三人称单数，became过去式，均与变化趋势不符。 6．句意：我们必须采取行动拯救它们。 上文呼吁保护，must“必须”表示必要性。can“可以”，may“可能”，might“可能”，均与必须采取行动的语气不符。 7．句意：我们应该为它们建更多的自然保护区。 上文建议措施，should“应该”表示建议。would“将会”，could“可以”，might“可能”，均与建议语气不符。 8．句意：小象还没有大到可以独自寻找食物。 be old enough to do sth.“足够大可以做某事”，应用不定式to find“寻找”。find动词原形，finding动名词，found过去式，均不能用于enough...to结构。 9．句意：如果我们不保护大象，它们将来会灭绝。 if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，will die out“将会灭绝”符合。would过去将来时，may/might表示可能性，均与将来时态不符。 10．句意：我们帮助无家可归的动物是友善的。 It is kind of us to do sth.“某人做某事是友善的”，It作形式主语，真正主语是to help...。This/That/One均不能作形式主语。 Unit6 （25-26八年级下·重庆合川·期中）As middle school students, we all want to be better learners. Here are some useful tips for you. First, make a plan. It is very important to make a clear study plan before a new week. 1 down your tasks can help you save time and study more efficiently. Second, find a good study environment. When you do your homework, you should find a quiet place. 2 you are studying, don’t listen to loud music or play games on your phone. A clean and quiet desk can help you focus (专注) better. Third, keep practicing. Learning English is not easy. If you have trouble 3 words, don’t give up. Try to read English stories every day. The more you read, the 4 you will understand them. Remember: practice makes perfect. Fourth, learn to take notes. Our teacher often tells us 5 carefully in class. Good notes are like maps. They can show you the key points when you review lessons. Don’t forget to review 6 you finish learning a unit. It is a good habit to review what you learned. This way, you can remember knowledge 7 . Finally, stay positive. When you face difficult problems, keep 8 . Don’t be shy to ask your teachers or classmates for help. They are ready to support you. In a word, being a better learner takes time and effort. 9 you keep trying, you will make great progress. Let’s be better learners and 10 our dreams come true! 1．A．Writing B．Write C．Writes 2．A．While B．Because C．So 3．A．remember B．remembering C．to remember 4．A．faster B．fast C．fastest 5．A．take notes B．taking notes C．to take notes 6．A．before B．after C．if 7．A．clear B．clearly C．more clearly 8．A．calm B．calmly C．to calm 9．A．Although B．If C．Before 10．A．make B．to make C．making 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，为中学生提供了成为更好学习者的六条建议：制定计划、创造良好学习环境、坚持练习、学会记笔记、及时复习以及保持积极心态。 1．句意：写下你的任务可以帮助你节省时间，更高效地学习。 本句缺主语，动词原形不能直接作主语，需用动名词短语“Writing down your tasks”作主语。若使用Write，Writes则语法错误。故填Writing。 2．句意：当你学习时，不要听吵闹的音乐或玩手机游戏。 此处需要时间状语从句的引导词，表示“当……时候”。常用While”，强调动作同时发生。故填While。 3．句意：如果你记单词有困难，不要放弃。 固定搭配“have trouble (in) doing sth.”，意为“做某事有困难”，介词in可省略，后接动名词。“remembering words”意为“记单词”。故填remembering。 4．句意：你读得越多，你就会理解得越快。 句型“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越……，越……”。修饰动词“understand”需用副词比较级“faster”。若用“fast”则不能体现递进关系。故填faster。 5．句意：老师经常告诉我们在课堂上要认真记笔记。 固定搭配“tell sb. to do sth.”，意为“告诉某人做某事”。“take notes”意为“记笔记”，不定式“to take notes”作宾语补足语。故填to take notes。 6．句意：别忘了学完一个单元后复习。 复习应发生在完成一个单元之后，而不是之前或之中。“after”引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之后”。“before”和“if”均不符合逻辑。故填after。 7．句意：这样，你就能更清楚地记住知识。 此处修饰动词remember，需用副词形式，结合语境是“学完之后再复习，可以更清楚地记住”，用比较级more clearly；clear是形容词，clearly是原级副词，均不符合语境，故排除。 8．句意：当你遇到难题时，保持冷静。 “keep”后接形容词作表语，“calm”意为“冷静的”。若用“calmly”则语法错误。“to calm”是不定式，不符合“keep+宾语+形容词”的结构。故填calm。 9．句意：只要你不断尝试，你就会取得巨大进步。 此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。“Although”表让步，“Before”表时间，均不符合。故填If。 10．句意：让我们成为更好的学习者，让我们的梦想成真！ 本句为祈使句，与前面的“Let’s be better learners”并列，动词用原形。“make our dreams come true”是固定搭配，意为“让我们的梦想实现”。“To make”和“Making”不能用于祈使句。故填make。 Unit7 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·单元测试）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处选择一个适当的选项。 In the year 2099, every child on Earth had his or her own spacecraft. Of course, they were small and couldn’t travel out of the solar system. This was fine for everyone except Stanley. He was curious and looking forward to 1 around the whole universe, so he worked on his spacecraft 2 it could go anywhere! His friends, George and Amanda, were not 3 about Stanley’s super spacecraft. “Who wants 4 the universe?” George asked. “Our solar system is big enough.” “Just get into my spacecraft,” said Stanley. “Today I will take you on 5 amazing journey.” When they got into the spacecraft, Stanley 6 everything. Soon the three friends were going to fly past the moon. “Now, watch this,” said Stanley. A red button 7 and the spacecraft went fast. Whoosh! George and Amanda grabbed their seats 8 . The spacecraft flew much farther into space. Suddenly, they saw many tiny galaxies all around them. “Welcome to the universe,” said Stanley. Amanda gasped. “It is kind 9 you to offer us the trip.” “Can the spacecraft 10 at the moon? I’d like to have a pizza. I’m really hungry,” George said. “Of course!” said Stanley. His super spacecraft raced back to the moon. 1．A．travel B．travels C．travelled D．travelling 2．A．until B．when C．although D．if 3．A．excitement B．exciting C．excited D．excitedly 4．A．see B．saw C．to see D．seeing 5．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．A．checks B．will check C．is checking D．was checking 7．A．pushes B．pushed C．was pushed D．was pushing 8．A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest 9．A．with B．for C．of D．to 10．A．stop B．stopped C．is stopped D．be stopped 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了在2099年，每个孩子都有自己的小型宇宙飞船，但无法飞出太阳系，斯坦利对此感到好奇并努力改进自己的飞船，最终成功带着朋友乔治和阿曼达进行了一次宇宙之旅的故事。 1．句意：他很好奇，期待着环游整个宇宙。 根据“looking forward to”可知，此处考查固定搭配“look forward to doing sth.”表示“期待做某事”，所以此处应用动名词形式，travel“旅行”的动名词形式为travelling。 2．句意：所以他努力改进他的宇宙飞船，直到它能去任何地方！ 根据“he worked on his spacecraft...it could go anywhere”可知，此处表示“直到他的飞船能去任何地方”，until“直到”符合语境。when“当……时候”，although“虽然”，if“如果”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：他的朋友乔治和阿曼达对斯坦利的超级宇宙飞船并不感到兴奋。 根据“His friends, George and Amanda, were not...about Stanley’s super spacecraft.”可知，此处考查固定搭配“be excited about sth.”表示“对某事感到兴奋”，所以此处应用形容词excited。excitement“兴奋”，名词；exciting“令人兴奋的”，形容词，修饰物；excitedly“兴奋地”，副词，均不符合语境。 4．句意：谁想去看宇宙？ 根据“Who wants...the universe?”可知，此处考查固定搭配“want to do sth.”表示“想要做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式形式，see“看”的不定式形式为to see。 5．句意：今天我将带你们进行一次奇妙的旅行。 根据“Today I will take you on...amazing journey.”可知，此处表示“一次奇妙的旅行”，且amazing是以元音音素开头的单词，所以此处应用不定冠词an。 6．句意：当他们进入飞船时，Stanley正在检查一切。 根据“When they got into the spacecraft”可知，这里描述的是过去某个时间正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”，was checking是过去进行时，符合语境。 7．句意：一个红色按钮被按下，宇宙飞船飞得很快。 根据“A red button...and the spacecraft went fast.”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，且按钮是被按下的，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+动词的过去分词”，push“按”的过去分词为pushed，主语A red button是单数，所以此处应用was pushed。 8．句意：乔治和阿曼达紧紧抓住座位。 根据“grabbed their seats”可知，此处表示紧紧抓住座位，hard作副词时，有“用力地，紧紧地”意思，符合语境。hardly是副词，意为“几乎不”；harder是hard的比较级；hardest是hard的最高级，均不符合此处语境。 9．句意：你提供给我们这次旅行真是太好了。 根据“It is kind...you to offer us the trip.”可知，kind是形容人品质的形容词，所以用固定搭配“It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth.”表示“某人做某事真是太……”，for用于形容事物特征，with“和……一起”；to“到，向”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：宇宙飞船能在月球上停下来吗？ 根据“Can the spacecraft...at the moon?”可知，此处含有情态动词can，所以其后应接动词原形，stop“停止”的动词原形为stop。 Unit8 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·单元测试）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处选择一个适当的选项。 Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most famous scientists, believed that humans would have to move into space one day to live. “Once we spread out into space and set up independent colonies (定居点), 1 future should be safe,” he said. Many countries are planning to send astronauts back to the Moon. Some of these countries would like 2 space stations there within the next 10 years. These stations 3 humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets. Robert Zubrin, 4 rocket scientist, thinks humans should colonize (殖民) space. He wants to start with Mars 5 he believes a human mission that there will allow us to learn a lot of things, for example, the ability of humans to live 6 a very different environment. At last, we could create new human societies on other planets. However, not everyone thinks 7 humans into space is a smart idea. Many say it is too expensive. And too much time will also 8 by most space trips. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People on such long journeys could face many health problems. In addition, the first few people would find life 9 difficult in space. On the Moon’s surface, for example, the sun’s rays are very 10 . People would have to stay indoors most of the time. Although there are many concerns, it seems certain to send people into space. In the future, we might see lunar cities or even new human cultures on other planets. 1．A．we B．us C．our D．ours 2．A．creates B．to create C．creating D．to creating 3．A．prepares B．prepared C．have prepared D．will prepare 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．if B．when C．as D．after 6．A．in B．on C．at D．from 7．A．sends B．sent C．sending D．to send 8．A．take B．took C．is taken D．be taken 9．A．serious B．seriousness C．seriously D．more serious 10．A．dangerous B．more dangerous C．most dangerous D．the most dangerous 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了人类未来探索太空、在太空建立定居点的计划以及面临的争议和挑战。 1．句意：“一旦我们扩展到太空并建立独立的定居点，我们的未来应该是安全的。”他说。 这里需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰future，our是形容词性物主代词，意为“我们的”，we是主格，作主语；us是宾格，作宾语；ours是名词性物主代词，相当于“our+名词”，所以选our。 2．句意：其中一些国家希望在未来10年内在那里建立空间站。 would like to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，所以这里用to create。 3．句意：这些空间站将为人类访问以及后来在火星或其他类地行星上生活做准备。 根据上下文可知，这些空间站将来会为人类访问和居住火星等做准备，是将来的动作，所以用一般将来时will prepare。 4．句意：罗伯特·祖布林，一位火箭科学家，认为人类应该殖民太空。 rocket scientist是可数名词单数，这里表示泛指“一名火箭专家”，且rocket以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 5．句意：他想从火星开始，因为他相信一次人类任务，允许我们做很多事情，例如在一个非常不同的环境中生活。 as在这里表示原因，引导原因状语从句，意思是“因为他相信人类任务……所以他想从火星开始”，if表条件；when表时间；after表时间先后，所以选as。 6．句意：他想从火星开始，因为他相信一次人类任务，允许我们做很多事情，例如在一个非常不同的环境中生活。 live in a very different environment意为“住在一个非常不同的环境”，这里表示人类能够在与地球非常不同的环境中生活，所以选in。 7．句意：然而，不是每个人都认为把人类送入太空是个明智的想法。 这里“sending humans into space”是动名词短语作主语，sends是第三人称单数形式；sent是过去式和过去分词；to send是动词不定式，此处用动名词作主语，所以选sending。 8．句意：而且大多数太空旅行也会花费太多时间。例如，前往火星的单程旅行至少需要六个月。 time与take之间是被动关系，“时间被花费”，且will后接动词原形，所以用be taken。 9．句意：此外，第一批人会发现太空中的生活很艰难。 这里需要用副词修饰形容词difficult，seriously是副词，意为“严重地；非常”，serious是形容词；seriousness是名词；more serious是形容词比较级，所以选seriously。 10．句意：例如，在月球表面，太阳射线非常危险。 这里没有比较或最高级的语境，用原级dangerous表示太阳射线很危险。 期末真题 （1） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 Florence Nightingale was the first great nurse in the world. She was born when her parents 1 Florence in Italy on May 12, 1820. That is why 2 was named after the city. From an early age, Florence showed her kindness to those in need and did everything 3 them. As Florence grew older, she dreamt of becoming 4 nurse. Not many people supported her dream 5 nursing was not seen as a respectable job at that time. What’s more, 6 nurses were trained in her country. However, she didn’t give up. In 1850, Florence went abroad and got trained in Germany to be a nurse. In 1854, Britain was at war with 7 country. Many soldiers died in hospital because of hygiene (卫生) problems. Hearing this, Florence set off with some nurses to help. At first, the doctors didn’t want women’s help, but Florence chose to stay. She asked the nurses to take care of the soldiers and clean the hospitals 8 than before. She also made people 9 the importance of hand-washing. “Every nurse 10 wash hands before caring for patients,” she strongly suggested. At night, Florence checked on every patient with a lamp before bedtime, so she 11 “Lady with the Lamp” by soldiers. Florence’s kind act made her 12 popular that even Queen Victoria wanted to meet her. But 13 a skillful nurse herself was not enough for her. 14 the Queen’s help, Florence worked very 15 to make the hospitals better. In 1860, she started a school for nurses. Soon more nursing schools were set up all over the world. Florence’s dream came true finally. 1．A．have visited B．visit C．would visit D．were visiting 2．A．her B．she C．hers D．herself 3．A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．because of B．but C．so D．because 6．A．few B．little C．many D．much 7．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 8．A．careful B．carefully C．more carefully D．most carefully 9．A．realize B．to realize C．realizing D．realized 10．A．may B．could C．must D．can 11．A．called B．was called C．will be called D．was calling 12．A．so B．such C．very D．too 13．A．be B．have been C．being D．been 14．A．In B．At C．With D．About 15．A．hardly B．hard C．harder D．hardest 【答案】1．D 8．B 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的生平事迹。 1．句意：1820年5月12日，当她的父母正在意大利的佛罗伦萨游览时，她出生了。 have visited现在完成时；visit一般现在时；would visit过去将来时；were visiting过去进行时。根据“She was born when her parents...Florence in Italy on May 12, 1820.”可知，此处表达的是“当她的父母正在参观佛罗伦萨时”，表示过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。故选D。 2．句意：这就是为什么用这座城市给她命名。 her她，宾格/她的，形容词性物主代词；she她，主格；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“That is why...was named after the city.”可知，此处表达的是“她被用这座城市命名”，空格处作主语，用主格“she”。故选B。 3．句意：从很小的时候起，弗洛伦斯就表现出对需要帮助的人的善意，并尽一切努力帮助他们。 help动词原形；to help动词不定式；helping动名词/现在分词；helped过去式/过去分词。根据“did everything...them.”可知，此处表达的是“尽一切努力帮助他们”，空格处作目的状语，用动词不定式。故选B。 4．句意：随着弗洛伦斯年龄的增长，她梦想成为一名护士。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“she dreamt of becoming...nurse.”可知，此处表达的是“成为一名护士”，nurse以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选A。 5．句意：没有多少人支持她的梦想，因为当时护理不被视为一份受人尊敬的工作。 because of因为，后接名词/代词/动名词；but但是；so因此；because因为，后接句子。根据“Not many people supported her dream...nursing was not seen as a respectable job at that time.”可知，此处表达的是“没有多少人支持她的梦想，因为当时护理不被视为一份受人尊敬的工作”，空格后是一个句子，用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。 6．句意：更重要的是，在她的国家几乎没有护士接受过培训。 few很少，修饰可数名词复数；little很少，修饰不可数名词；many许多，修饰可数名词复数；much许多，修饰不可数名词。根据“What’s more...nurses were trained in her country.”以及“However, she didn’t give up.”可知，此处表达的是“在她的国家几乎没有护士接受过培训”，nurses是可数名词复数，用few修饰。故选A。 7．句意：1854年，英国与另一个国家交战。 another另一个，三者或三者以上中的另一个；other其他的，后接名词复数；others其他的，相当于other+名词复数；the other两者中的另一个。根据“Britain was at war with...country.”可知，此处表达的是“英国与另一个国家交战”，表示三者或三者以上中的另一个，用another。故选A。 8．句意：她要求护士们照顾士兵，比以前更仔细地打扫医院。 careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词；more carefully更仔细地，比较级；most carefully最仔细地，最高级。根据“She asked the nurses to take care of the soldiers and clean the hospitals...than before.”可知，此处表达的是“比以前更仔细地打扫医院”，than前用比较级，空格处修饰动词clean，用副词carefully的比较级more carefully。故选C。 9．句意：她还让人们意识到洗手的重要性。 realize动词原形；to realize动词不定式；realizing动名词/现在分词；realized过去式/过去分词。根据“She also made people...the importance of hand-washing.”可知，此处表达的是“她还让人们意识到”，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，空格处用动词原形。故选A。 10．句意：她强烈建议：“每位护士在照顾病人前都必须洗手。” may可能；could能；must必须；can能。根据“Every nurse...wash hands before caring for patients,” she strongly suggested.”可知，此处表达的是“每位护士在照顾病人前都必须洗手”，must“必须”符合句意。故选C。 11．句意：晚上，弗洛伦斯在睡觉前用一盏灯检查每个病人，所以士兵们称她为“提灯女士”。 called过去式/过去分词；was called一般过去时的被动语态；will be called一般将来时的被动语态；was calling过去进行时。根据“At night, Florence checked on every patient with a lamp before bedtime, so she...‘Lady with the Lamp’ by soldiers.”可知，此处表达的是“所以士兵们称她为‘提灯女士’”，she与call之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且根据语境可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语是she，be动词用was。故选B。 12．句意：弗洛伦斯的善举使她如此受欢迎，以至于维多利亚女王都想见她。 so如此，修饰形容词/副词；such如此，修饰名词；very非常；too太。根据“Florence’s kind act made her...popular that even Queen Victoria wanted to meet her.”可知，此处表达的是“弗洛伦斯的善举使她如此受欢迎”，so...that...“如此……以至于……”，popular是形容词，用so修饰。故选A。 13．句意：但对她来说，仅仅成为一名熟练的护士是不够的。 be动词原形；have been现在完成时；being动名词/现在分词；been过去式/过去分词。根据“But...a skillful nurse herself was not enough for her.”可知，此处表达的是“但对她来说，仅仅成为一名熟练的护士是不够的”，空格处作主语，用动名词形式。故选C。 14．句意：在女王的帮助下，弗洛伦斯非常努力地工作，使医院变得更好。 In在……里；At在；With和；About关于。根据“...the Queen’s help, Florence worked very...to make the hospitals better.”可知，此处表达的是“在女王的帮助下”，with one’s help“在某人的帮助下”。故选C。 15．句意：在女王的帮助下，弗洛伦斯非常努力地工作，使医院变得更好。 hardly几乎不；hard努力地；harder更努力地；hardest最努力地。根据“Florence worked very...to make the hospitals better.”可知，此处表达的是“弗洛伦斯非常努力地工作”，work hard“努力工作”，very后接形容词或副词原级。故选B。 （2） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was a sunny noon. Anna and Jack were bored. Just then they remembered Jack’s remote control car, so they decided 1 it in the garage. But then they found an old toy. When they touched it, they both fell asleep. When they woke up, 2 was around. Before them stood only a tall black door. They wondered what was behind it. As soon as they stepped 3 the door, they found a wasteland with just 4 weak and short plants. Suddenly, they heard 5 loud noise. Anna turned around and saw a giant creature. It 6 towards them. As it got closer, they found its body was made of old metal, broken electronics, and smelly rubbish. Feeling afraid, the two kids ran away as 7 as possible. But wherever they ran, the monster kept 8 them. They were so tired that they 9 run any further. “Who...are...you? Please don’t hurt us.” begged Anna and Jack. The creature shouted at them, “I am the Rubbish Monster. I hate 10 for being so dirty and smelly, but I 11 by you—humans.” “For years, you’ve poured dirty water into the rivers, cut down the forests, and thrown rubbish everywhere. Because of the 12 , I became a monster like this. Things may get worse 13 you care for the environment...” The children lowered down their heads. Before they apologized, a powerful wind brought them back to their garage, as if nothing had happened. “That was 14 !” Anna said. “Yeah...” Jack nodded. “ 15 is important for us to protect the earth from now on. We can’t let the future end up like that!” 1．A．look for B．looking for C．to look for D．looked for 2．A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．anybody 3．A．from B．over C．towards D．through 4．A．a little B．much C．a few D．a lot 5．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．A．is walking B．walks C．walk D．was walking 7．A．quick B．quicker C．quickly D．more quickly 8．A．following B．follows C．followed D．to follow 9．A．mustn’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 10．A．myself B．me C．my D．mine 11．A．am creating B．was created C．have created D．created 12．A．polluted B．pollutes C．to pollute D．pollution 13．A．because B．until C．if D．unless 14．A．frighten B．frightened C．frightening D．frightens 15．A．That B．It C．There D．This 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．D 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文讲述了安娜和杰克在车库发现一个旧玩具后进入一个奇幻场景，遇到了由垃圾组成的“垃圾怪物”，怪物指责人类污染环境才让它变成这样，最后两个孩子意识到保护地球很重要。 1．句意：就在那时，他们想起了杰克的遥控车，所以他们决定在车库里寻找它。 look for寻找，动词原形；looking for现在分词形式；to look for动词不定式；looked for过去式。decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”。故选C。 2．句意：当他们醒来时，周围没有人。 everybody每个人；nobody没有人；somebody某人；anybody任何人。根据“Before them stood only a tall black door.”可知，他们面前只有一扇黑色的门，说明周围没有人。故选B。 3．句意：他们一走进门，就发现了一片只有几株又弱又矮的植物的荒地。 from从；over在上方；towards朝，向；through穿过。这里指穿过门，用“through”。故选D。 4．句意：他们一走进门，就发现了一片只有几株又弱又矮的植物的荒地。 a little一点，修饰不可数名词；much许多，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数；a lot很多，常修饰动词或比较级。“plants”是可数名词复数，这里表示“一些植物”，用“a few”。故选C。 5．句意：突然，他们听到一声巨响。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。此处泛指“一声巨响”，“loud”是以辅音音素开头的单词，用“a”。故选A。 6．句意：它正朝他们走来。 is walking走，现在进行时；walks第三人称单数形式；walk动词原形；was walking过去进行时。根据语境可知，这里描述当时怪物正朝他们走来，用过去进行时。故选D。 7．句意：两个孩子感到害怕，尽可能快地跑开了。 quick快的，形容词；quicker更快的，形容词比较级；quickly快地，副词；more quickly更快地，副词比较级。“as...as possible”中间用形容词或副词原级，修饰动词“ran”，用副词“quickly”。故选C。 8．句意：但是无论他们跑到哪里，怪物都一直跟着他们。 following跟随，现在分词形式；follows第三人称单数形式；followed过去式；to follow动词不定式。keep doing sth.表示“一直做某事”。故选A。 9．句意：他们太累了，再也跑不动了。 mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不能；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。根据“They were so tired”可知，他们太累了，所以不能再跑了。故选B。 10．句意：我讨厌自己这么脏这么臭，但我是被你们人类创造出来的。 myself我自己，反身代词；me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据语境可知，怪物讨厌自己又脏又臭，用反身代词。故选A。 11．句意：我讨厌自己这么脏这么臭，但我是被你们人类创造出来的。 am creating创造，现在进行时；was created一般过去时的被动语态；have created现在完成时；created动词过去式。主语“I”和谓语“create”之间是被动关系，且这里说的是过去被创造，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 12．句意：因为污染，我变成了这样的怪物。 polluted污染，过去式或过去分词；pollutes第三人称单数形式；to pollute动词不定式；pollution污染，名词。“because of”后面接名词或代词。故选D。 13．句意：如果你们不关心环境，事情可能会变得更糟…… because因为；until直到；if如果；unless除非。后句是前句的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 14．句意：那太可怕了！ frighten使害怕，动词；frightened害怕的，形容词，常用来修饰人；frightening令人害怕的，形容词，常用来修饰物；frightens动词第三人称单数形式。这里描述那件事“令人害怕”，用形容词“frightening”作表语。故选C。 15．句意：从现在开始，保护地球对我们来说很重要。 That那；It它；There那里；This这。“It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，It作形式主语。故选B。 （3） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末） Sometimes just let it be Once a wise man was walking from one town to another with a few of his followers. While they 1 , they passed a lake. They stopped there and the wise man told one of his disciples (弟子), “I am thirsty. Please get me some water from that lake.” The disciple walked up to 2 lake. When he got there, he noticed that the water became very dirty and very muddy 3 some people were washing clothes and a carriage just got into the water. The disciple thought, “ 4 can I give this muddy water to Master?” So, he came back and told his master, “The water there is very muddy. I don’t think it is 5 .” So, the wise man said, “Let’s 6 a little rest here by the tree.” After about half an hour, again the master asked the same disciple 7 back and get him some water to drink. This time the disciple found 8 clear water. The mud had settled down (沉淀) and the water 9 it looked fit to drink. So he collected some water in a pot and brought it to his master. The wise man looked at the water, and said, “See? You let the water be, 10 the mud settled down on its own. You got clear water. 11 didn’t take any hard work.” Moral: Your mind is also like that. When it 12 by worries or anger, just let it be. Give it a little time. It will settle down on its own. When your mind feels muddy (like after a fight), wait calmly (平静地)—just like dirt settling down, and soon clear thoughts 13 up naturally. You don’t 14 put in any effort to calm it down. We can judge and make the best 15 in our life when we stay calm. 1．A．would travel B．travel C．have traveled D．were traveling 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．after B．because C．before D．until 4．A．When B．Where C．How D．Why 5．A．drink B．drunk C．drinking D．drinkable 6．A．take B．taken C．took D．to take 7．A．going B．to go C．went D．gone 8．A．complete B．completed C．completing D．completely 9．A．above B．behind C．beside D．near 10．A．but B．or C．and D．so 11．A．They B．It C．Theirs D．Its 12．A．troubles B．troubled C．was troubled D．is troubled 13．A．rises B．will rise C．are rising D．have risen 14．A．have to B．may C．must D．should 15．A．decide B．deciders C．decisions D．decided 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文通过智者与弟子的故事，说明面对混乱时保持耐心的重要性，引申到生活中遇到烦恼时应冷静等待自然解决。 1．句意：当他们正在旅行时，经过了一个湖。 would travel过去将来时；travel一般现在时；have traveled完成时；were traveling过去进行时，表示当时正在发生。根据语境，强调动作的进行。故选D。 2．句意：弟子走向那个湖。 a/an表示泛指，a用在辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在元音音素开头的单词前；the表示特指。特指前文提到的湖，需用定冠词the。故选C。 3．句意：当他到达那里时，他发现水变得非常脏、非常浑浊，因为有些人在洗衣服，还有一辆马车刚刚驶进水里。 after在……之后；because因为；before在……之前；until直到。前后为因果关系。故选B。 4．句意：弟子心想：“我怎么能把这浑浊的水给师父喝呢？ When何时；Where何地；How如何；Why为何。强调“如何能这样做”。故选C。 5．句意：于是，他回来告诉师父：“那里的水很浑浊。我觉得它不能喝。” drink动词原形；drunk过去分词；drinking动名词；drinkable形容词，可饮用的。需形容词作表语。故选D。 6．句意：于是智者说：“让我们在树下休息一会儿吧。” take动词原形；taken过去分词；took过去式；to take动词不定式。“Let’s”后接动词原形，固定搭配。故选A。 7．句意：大约半小时后，师父又让同一个弟子回去给他取些水喝。 going现在分词；to go动词不定式；went动词过去式；gone现在分词。“asked sb. to do”结构，需不定式。故选B。 8．句意：这一次，弟子发现水完全清澈了。 complete完全的，形容词；completed过去式；completing现在分词；completely完全地，副词。需副词修饰形容词clear。故选D。 9．句意：泥沉淀后，水看起来适合饮用。 above在上方；behind在后面；beside在旁边；near在附近。泥沉淀后位于水下方，水在沉淀物上方。故选A。 10．句意：智者看着水，说道：“看到了吗？你顺其自然 ，然后泥沙就自己沉淀下去了。 but但是；or或者；and和；so因此。前后为顺承关系，用and连接。故选C。 11．句意：这没费什么力气。 they它们；it它；theirs它们的；its它的。指代前文“让水静置”这件事，用It。故选B。 12．句意：当它被烦恼或愤怒困扰时，就顺其自然吧。 troubles动词三单；troubled动词过去式；was troubled一般过去式的被动语态；is troubled一般现在时的被动语态。时态为一般现在时，mind与trouble之间是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。 13．句意：当你的心感觉浑浊时（比如争吵之后），平静地等待——就像泥沙会沉淀一样，很快清晰的思绪就会自然浮现。 rises三单形式；will rise一般将来时；are rising现在进行时；have risen现在完成时。“soon”提示将来时。故选B。 14．句意：你不必刻意费力去让它平静。 have to必须；may可能；must必须；should应该。根据“自然沉淀”的语境，可知客观上是不需要做什么事情。故选A。 15．句意：当我们保持冷静时，才能在生活中做出最佳的决策。 decide决定；deciders决策者；decisions决定；decided决定，过去式。需名词作宾语，decisions（决定）符合。故选C。 （4） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）One sunny afternoon, Amy went to a candy store with her father. As soon as she entered the store, she 1 by all the colorful candy. “It’s 2 . Where should I begin?” Amy asked 3 . Her father smiled and said, “You can choose your favourite taste, but remember that you have 4 important visit to the museum in ten minutes.” Amy 5 up a chocolate bar. But she put it back. She looked at the jelly sweets but didn’t take them 6 . “There are too many! I don’t know 7 to choose because I just want the best.” she said. She 8 make up her mind. Her father watched as Amy kept looking 9 her favourite candy. Her eyes moved from one bag to 10 . He found that 11 a choice was hard for her. Even though it was close to the visit time, he stayed 12 enough to wait. Finally, it was time to leave. Amy left the store 13 held nothing in her hands. Her father knelt down and said gently, “Sweetheart, life is like this candy store. If you spend too long 14 for the perfect choice, you might miss the good ones right in front of you. Sometimes, making a decision even if it’s not perfect 15 better than staying stuck.” He continued, “Next time, pick what makes you happy in that moment. Remember, no choice is truly wrong.” 1．A．attract B．attracted C．is attracted D．was attracted 2．A．amaze B．amazed C．amazing D．amazement 3．A．she B．her C．herself D．hers 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．pick B．picks C．picked D．was picking 6．A．either B．too C．also D．neither 7．A．which B．how C．why D．when 8．A．needn’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 9．A．at B．up C．after D．for 10．A．other B．others C．the other D．another 11．A．make B．makes C．making D．to make 12．A．patient B．more patient C．patiently D．more patiently 13．A．but B．and C．or D．so 14．A．to wait B．waiting C．waited D．wait 15．A．were B．was C．are D．is 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文讲述了Amy在糖果店因选择困难而空手离开的故事，父亲借此教导她“追求完美可能会错过眼前的美好，果断决策更重要”。 【详解】1．句意：她一进商店，就被所有五颜六色的糖果吸引住了。 attract吸引（原形）；attracted过去式；is attracted一般现在时的被动语态；was attracted一般过去时的被动语态。根据“As soon as she entered the store, she...by all the colorful candy.”可知，句子用一般过去时，主语“she”和动词“attract”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态“was done”，表示“她被糖果吸引住了”。故选D。 2．句意：太不可思议了。 amaze使惊奇（动词）；amazed惊奇的（形容人）；amazing惊人的（形容物）；amazement惊奇（名词）。根据“...by all the colorful candy. ‘It’s...’”可知，此处指这些五颜六色的糖果很让人惊奇，空处应是形容词amazing，作表语。故选C。 3．句意：Amy问自己。 she她；her她；herself她自己；hers她的。根据“Amy asked...”可知，此处应是Amy问她自己，ask oneself“自问”，空处是反身代词。故选C。 4．句意：你可以选择自己最喜欢的口味，但要记住，十分钟后你有一个重要的博物馆参观活动。 a一（表泛指，用于辅音音素前）；an一（表泛指，用于元音音素前）；the这/那（表特指）；/不填。根据“you have...important visit to the museum in ten minutes”可知，此处泛指一个参观活动，important以元音音素发音开头，空处应是an。故选B。 5．句意：Amy拿起了一块巧克力棒。 pick捡（原形）；picks三单形式；picked过去式；was picking过去进行时。结合上下文可知，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故选C。 6．句意：她看了看那些果冻糖，但也没有拿。 either也（不）；too也（肯定句末）；also也（肯定句中）；neither两者都不。上文提到她没有拿巧克力棒，根据“She looked at the jelly sweets but didn’t take them...”可知，此处指她也没有拿果冻糖，是否定句，either符合语境。故选A。 7．句意：太多了！我不知道该选哪个，因为我只想要最好的。 which哪一个，哪一些；how如何；why为什么；when什么时候。根据“There are too many! I don’t know...to choose”可知，太多了，多到不知道该选哪一个或哪一些。故选A。 8．句意：她拿不定主意。 needn’t不必；couldn’t无法，不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止。上文提到她不知道该选哪一个，根据“She...make up her mind.”可知，此处应是指她无法拿定主意。故选B。 9．句意：Amy一直在找她最喜欢的糖果，她的爸爸在一旁看着。 at在；up向上；after在……之后；for为了。根据上文“I don’t know...to choose”和下文“...a choice was hard for her.”可知，Amy一直在找自己最喜欢的糖果，look for“寻找”。故选D。 10．句意：她的目光从一个袋子移到另一个袋子。 other其他的；others其他；the other（两者中）另一个；another另一（三者或以上）。根据“Her eyes moved from one bag to...”和常识可知，糖果店里应该有很多袋糖果，another符合语境。故选D。 11．句意：他发现做选择对她来说很难。 make制定（原形）；makes三单形式；making动名词；to make不定式。分析句子“He found that...a choice was hard for her.”可知，此处的宾语从句缺少主语，强调习惯性动作，用动名词作主语。故选C。 12．句意：尽管已临近参观时间，他还是耐心地等待着。 patient有耐心的；more patient更有耐心的；patiently耐心地；more patiently更有耐心地。根据“Even though it was close to the visit time, he stayed...enough to wait.”可知，此处的stayed是系动词，后接形容词作表语，无比较含义，空处应是形容词原级patient。故选A。 13．句意：Amy离开了商店，但手里什么也没拿。 but但是；and和；or或者；so所以。根据“Amy left the store...held nothing in her hands.”可知，设空处的前后句意之间存在转折关系，but符合语境。故选A。 14．句意：如果你花太长时间等待完美的选择，那么你可能会错过眼前那些不错的选择。 to wait等待（不定式）；waiting动名词；waited过去式；wait原形。spend time doing“花费时间做某事”，是固定搭配，空处应是waiting。故选B。 15．句意：有时候，即使做出的决定并不完美，也比犹豫不决要好。 were为are的过去式；was为am和is的过去式；are主语是第二人称或复数；is主语是第三人称单数。根据“Sometimes, making a decision even if it’s not perfect...better than staying stuck.”可知，阐述客观道理，用一般现在时，主语是单个动名词，be动词用is。故选D。 （5） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）One day, two boys were fighting badly. They both wanted 1 the train and railway set. Their father saw this, pulled them apart, and said, “My little sons, you 2 a lot of stories about animals since you were born. Did you know 3 hunters caught monkeys in the past? They would place a glass jar 4 a small neck on the ground. Then, inside the jar, the monkeys’ favorite food would 5 .” “When 6 monkey found the jar,” the father said, “it would reach inside, take the food, and try to 7 . The monkey could have gotten its hand out 8 the neck of the jar hadn’t been so small. It couldn’t get out without giving up the food.” The boys listened 9 , their eyes wide with curiosity. “No matter how hard the monkey tried,” the father continued, “it couldn’t free its hand with the food in it. The monkey would pull and tug, but the narrow neck of the jar made it impossible to escape 10 it was holding the food.” The children asked together, “What?” The father replied, “The monkey always refused to let go. It held onto the food, never giving up. It was too stubborn to realize that letting go was the only way to be free. Then the hunters came over and got the monkey with excitement.” The boys looked at each other, understanding the lesson their father was trying to teach 11 . “So, my little sons, remember this story. In life, you 12 be wise. Know when to give up, when to move on, and when to let go of whatever is holding you back. Just like the monkey, sometimes it’s better to give up 13 small to find a better way to reach your dreams. You can always find 14 train set, but fighting won’t help you get it.” The boys nodded, realizing that sometimes, letting go is the 15 choice. 1．A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 2．A．read B．reads C．have read D．had read 3．A．why B．when C．where D．how 4．A．with B．of C．within D．beside 5．A．was put B．puts C．be put D．have put 6．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 7．A．get out them B．get them out C．get out it D．get it out 8．A．when B．if C．as D．though 9．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．caring 10．A．after B．while C．before D．when 11．A．theirs B．their C．they D．them 12．A．should B．can C．must D．may 13．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 14．A．other B．the other C．another D．others 15．A．wise B．wisest C．wiser D．wisely 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文讲述父亲通过猴子抓食物的寓言教导孩子学会适时放弃的道理。 1．句意：他们俩都想得到火车和铁轨套装。 get得到，动词原形；to get得到，不定式；getting得到，现在分词；got得到，过去式。want to do sth.“想做某事”，是固定搭配。故选B。 2．句意：我的小儿子们，你们从出生起就读了很多关于动物的故事。 read读，动词原形；reads读，三单形式；have read，现在完成时；had read，过去完成时。根据“since you were born”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故选C。 3．句意：你们知道过去猎人是怎么抓猴子的吗？ why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里；how怎样。后文描述猎人用罐子抓猴子的方法，需用how表示方式，故选D。 4．句意：他们会在地上放一个窄颈的玻璃罐子。 with有；of……的；within在……里；beside在旁边。“a small neck”是罐子的特征，用with表示伴随属性，故选A。 5．句意：然后，罐子里会放上猴子最爱吃的食物。 was put被放置；puts放置；be put被放置；have put已经放。“would”后接动词原形，且食物是被放入，需用被动语态。故选C。 6．句意：“当一只猴子发现罐子时，”父亲说，“它会把手伸进去，抓住食物，然后试图把它拿出来。如果罐子颈没有那么细的话，猴子本可以把它的手抽出来。不放弃食物，它就拔不出手来。” the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。此处表示泛指的含义，monkey是辅音音素开头的单词，a符合。故选B。 7．句意：“当一只猴子发现罐子时，”父亲说，“它会把手伸进去，抓住食物，然后试图把它拿出来。如果罐子颈没有那么细的话，猴子本可以把它的手抽出来。不放弃食物，它就拔不出手来。” get out them，错误搭配；get them out把它们拿出来；get out it，错误搭配；get it out把它拿出来。此处指食物，用代词it指代。故选D。 8．句意：如果罐子颈没有那么细的话，猴子本可以把它的手抽出来。 when当……时候；if如果；as因为；though尽管。此处是虚拟条件句，需用if引导。故选B。 9．句意：男孩们仔细听着，眼睛因好奇而睁得大大的。 care照顾，动词；careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词；caring关心他人的，形容词。此处需用副词修饰动词“listened”。故选C。 10．句意：猴子会又拉又拽，但罐子颈太窄，它抓着食物时就不可能逃脱。 after在……之后；while与……同时；before在……之前；when当……时候。此处强调“抓着食物”和“无法逃脱”同时发生，且“抓着食物”是一个持续性的状态，while符合。故选B。 11．句意：男孩们面面相觑，明白了父亲想教导他们的道理。 theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；they他们，主格；them他们，宾格。“teach”后接宾语，需用人称代词宾格them。故选D。 12．句意：在生活中，你们应该是明智的。 should应该；can能够；must必须；may可能。父亲建议孩子“应当”学会取舍。故选A。 13．句意：就像那只猴子一样，有时候，放弃一点小东西，才能找到更好的方式去实现梦想。 something某物；anything任何事物；everything一切；nothing没有什么。根据“Just like the monkey, sometimes it’s better to give up…small to find a better way to reach your dreams.”的语境可知，此处指放弃一点小东西，才能找到更好的方式去实现梦想，此句为肯定句，A项符合。故选A。 14．句意：你们总能找到另一套火车玩具，但打架并不能帮你们得到它。 other其他的；the other（两者中的）另一个；another另一个，表示泛指；others其他。此处泛指“另一套”火车玩具，用another。故选C。 15．句意：男孩们点了点头，意识到有时候，放手才是最明智的选择。 wise明智的；wisest最明智的；wiser更明智的；wisely明智地。此处用形容词，修饰名词choice，根据the可知，此处用最高级形式。故选B。 （6） （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 Kevin was a rich and clever boy. 1 he had everything a boy could ever want, he was only interested in the most unusual objects. One day, he found a very old mirror and he asked his parents 2 it from a mysterious old man. When the mirror 3 home, Kevin looked into it. His face looked very sad. He tried 4 and making funny faces, but it remained the same. Feeling surprised, Kevin went off to buy sweets and toys. He came home and looked into the mirror as 5 as he could. To his 6 , his face was still sad-looking. Angrily, Kevin kicked the mirror off in a corner “ 7 terrible mirror! It can’t work properly!” That next day, when he went to play in a park, he saw a little boy 8 loudly. The boy looked 9 sad and lonely that Kevin went over to see what was happening. The little one said he couldn’t find his parents. Together the two boys set 10 to look for them. Kevin spent his money buying the little one candies to cheer him up. “Don’t worry, we 11 them.” Kevin said. Finally, after much walking, they found his parents who were very worried. Returning home tired and penniless, Kevin noticed 12 shining in the corner. It was the mirror! He came closer, and found a light 13 from his own body, so bright with happiness he had become. Kevin understood the mystery of the mirror. That mirror 14 faithfully show the true joy of its owner. He felt really happy at helping that little boy. From then on, each morning when he looked in that mirror and failed to see a light, he knew something must 15 to bring it back. 1．A．So B．If C．Because D．Because of 2．A．to buy B．bought C．buying D．buy 3．A．is taken B．will be taken C．has been taken D．was taken 4．A．smiling B．to smile C．smile D．smiles 5．A．more happily B．happier C．happily D．happy 6．A．surprised B．surprise C．surprising D．surprises 7．A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 8．A．crying B．cries C．to cry D．will cry 9．A．very B．such C．so D．too 10．A．off B．up C．of D．down 11．A．found B．have found C．find D．will find 12．A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything 13．A．comes B．would come C．was coming D．has come 14．A．could B．must C．should D．may 15．A．do B．be doing C．to do D．be done 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文讲述了一个富有的男孩Kevin通过一面神奇镜子领悟到真正的快乐源于帮助他人的故事。镜子能真实反映主人内心的快乐，当Kevin帮助迷路男孩后，镜中才显现出他内心的光芒。 1．句意：因为Kevin拥有一个男孩想要的一切，所以他只对最不寻常的物品感兴趣。 So因此；If如果；Because因为，接句子；Because of因为，接名词代词或动名词。分析句子可知，前后句之间是因果关系，所以需用表示“因为”的连词连接，后面是句子，所以用because。故选C。 2．句意：有一天，他发现了一面很旧的镜子，他让他的父母从一个神秘的老人那里买了它。 to buy不定式；bought过去式；buying现在分词；buy动词原形。“ask sb to do”是固定搭配，表示请求某人做某事。故选A。 3．句意：当镜子被带回家时，Kevin看着它。 is taken一般现在时的被动语态；will be taken一般将来时的被动语态；has been taken现在完成时的被动语态；was taken一般过去时的被动语态。根据上下文时态（found, asked等过去式）可知，需用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 4．句意：他试着微笑，做鬼脸，但它还是老样子。 smiling现在分词/动名词；to smile不定式；smile原形；smiles三单形式。“try doing”表示尝试做某事（已实施），“try to do”表示努力去做（未完成）。根据后文“and making funny faces”可知，空处用动名词形式，故选A。 5．句意：他回到家，尽可能高兴地照镜子。 more happily更开心地（比较级）；happier更开心（形容词比较级）；happily开心地（副词原级）；happy开心（形容词原级）。“as…as”结构中用副词原级修饰动词looked。故选C。 6．句意：令他惊讶的是，他的脸仍然显得悲伤。 surprised感到惊讶的（形容词）；surprise惊讶（名词）；surprising令人惊讶的（形容词）；surprises惊讶（名词三单）。“to one’s surprise”是固定搭配，表示“令某人惊讶的是”。故选B。 7．句意：多么糟糕的镜子！ How多么（修饰形容词）；How a错误结构；What多么（修饰名词）；What a多么（修饰可数名词单数）。“terrible mirror”是可数名词单数，需用“What a”构成感叹句。故选D。 8．句意：第二天，当他去公园玩时，他看见一个小男孩在大声哭泣。 crying现在分词；cries三单；to cry不定式；will cry将来时。根据“he saw a little boy ”可知，是看到一个小男孩正在哭，用“see sb doing sth”表示“看见某人正在做某事”。故选A。 9．句意：男孩看起来如此悲伤和孤独，以至于Kevin过去查看发生了什么事。 very非常；such如此（修饰名词）；so如此（修饰形容词/副词）；too太。根据“...sad and lonely that”可知，此处是“so+形容词+that从句”结构，表示“如此……以至于……”。故选C。 10．句意：两个男孩一起出发去寻找男孩的父母。 off离开；up向上；of属于；down向下。根据“set...to look for them”可知，此处指两个男孩一起出发去找小男孩的父母，“set off”是固定短语，意为“出发”。故选A。 11．句意：“别担心，我们会找到他们的。”Kevin说。 found过去式；have found现在完成时；find原形；will find一般将来时。根据语境可知，事情还未发生，且是Kevin说的话，是直接引语，所以用一般将来时，需用“will find”。故选D。 12．句意：回到家时，Kevin又累又穷，这时他注意到角落里有东西在发光。 everything一切；something某物；nothing无事；anything任何事物。根据“noticed...shining in the corner. It was the mirror! ”可知，是注意到有东西在发光，这里是肯定句，用something。故选B。 13．句意：他走近了一些，发现光芒正从自己身上散发出来，他变得如此快乐。 comes一般现在时；would come过去将来时；was coming过去进行时；has come现在完成时。根据“...shining in the corner”及上下文描述过去事件可知，此处强调“正在散发光芒”，需用过去进行时。故选C。 14．句意：那面镜子能够真实反映展示了它主人真正的快乐。 could能够；must必须；should应该；may可能。情态动词could表示能力，正确体现镜子“展示快乐”的功能。故选A。 15．句意：从那以后，每天早晨，当他照镜子时，看不到一丝光亮，他知道必须做些事情让光芒重现。 do动词原形；be doing动词的进行时形式；to do动词不定式；be done被动结构。something与do之间是被动关系，所以用“must be done”被动结构表示“必须被做”。故选D。 （7） （23-24八年级下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 If there are many choices, how will you make a decision? A 1 kid walked into a candy store with his dad. He 2 by so many candies on sale. “It’s amazing. Where should I begin?” he asked 3 . “Hurry up, son! I have to attend 4 important meeting.” his dad said. “These are all my favourite and I don’t know 5 to do.” He 6 up some bags and then put them back. He 7 make up his mind. “We have no time.” his dad said. Then the boy ran around the store 8 again. His eyes moved 9 one bag to another. All of the sweets looked so good and it’s hard 10 . Finally, the dad was not 11 enough to wait. He caught his son by the hand and they walked out of the store empty-handed. The boy cried. He wanted them all, 12 ended up with nothing. 13 of us are like that boy. The world is that candy store. Sometimes we end up empty-handed about our jobs, education, relationships, marriage or other important things 14 our fear. Sometimes we are afraid of 15 the wrong choice. If we regret the direction that we take, is it too late to go back? 1．A．six-year-old B．six-years-old C．six years old D．six year old 2．A．attract B．attracted C．is attracted D．was attracted 3．A．he B．him C．himself D．his 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．why B．how C．where D．what 6．A．pick B．picks C．picked D．will pick 7．A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 8．A．worried B．worriedly C．more worried D．most worriedly, 9．A．from B．in C．at D．with 10．A．choose B．chose C．to choose D．choosing 11．A．patience B．patient C．patiently D．more patiently 12．A．but B．so C．and D．or 13．A．Some B．Each C．None D．Either 14．A．because B．for C．since D．because of 15．A．make B．making C．to make D．made 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文以小男孩去糖果店买糖果的事情，讲述如何做选择。 1．句意：一个六岁的孩子和他爸爸走进一家糖果店。 six-year-old六岁的；six-years-old表达错误；six years old六岁；six year old表达错误。此处作定语修饰kid，故选A。 2．句意：他被这么多出售的糖果所吸引。 attract一般现在时；attracted一般过去时；is attracted一般现在时的被动语态；was attracted一般过去时的被动语态。根据“He...by so many candies on sale.”可知，他被吸引，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 3．句意：“这是很神奇的。我该从哪里开始呢？”他问自己。 he他，主格；him他，宾格；himself他自己，反身代词；his他的，物主代词。根据“he asked...”可知，他问他自己。故选C。 4．句意：我得参加一个重要会议。 a泛指一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an泛指一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词表特指；/零冠词。此处泛指一个会议，“important”首字母发元音音素，故选B。 5．句意：这些都是我最喜欢的，我不知道该做什么。 why为什么；how如何；where在哪里；what什么。根据“These are all my favourite and I don’t know...to do.”可知，我不知道该做什么，故选D。 6．句意：他拿起一些袋子，然后把它们放回去。 pick动词原形；picks动词三单；picked一般过去时；will pick一般将来时。根据“He...up some bags and then put them back.”可知，时态是一般过去时，故选C。 7．句意：他拿不定主意。 needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不能。根据“He...make up his mind.”和上下文可知，他拿不定主意，此处强调能力。故选D。 8．句意：然后男孩又忧心忡忡地绕着商店跑了一圈。 worried担心的；worriedly担心地；more worried更担心的；most worriedly最担心地。根据“Then the boy ran around the store...again.”可知，此处在句中修饰动词，且无比较含义，故选B。 9．句意：他的眼睛从一个袋子转到另一个袋子。 from从；in在里面；at在；with和。根据“His eyes moved...one bag to another.”可知，他的眼睛从一个袋子转到另一个袋子。故选A。 10．句意：所有的糖果看起来都很好吃，很难选择。 choose动词原形；chose动词过去式；to choose动词不定式；choosing动词现在分词/动名词。根据“it’s hard...”可知，此处是动词不定式作真正的主语，故选C。 11．句意：最后，爸爸再也没有耐心等待了。 patience名词；patient形容词，耐心地；名词，病人；patiently副词；more patiently副词比较级。根据“the dad was not...enough to wait”可知，爸爸再也没有耐心等待了，用形容词作表语，故选B。 12．句意：他都想要，但最后却一无所获。 but但是；so因此；and和；or或者。根据“He wanted them all, ...ended up with nothing.”可知，前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故选A。 13．句意：我们中有些人就像那个男孩。 Some一些；Each每个；None没有；Either两者之一。根据“...of us are like that boy.”可知，有些人就像那个男孩。故选A。 14．句意：有时我们会因为恐惧而在工作、教育、人际关系、婚姻或其他重要的事情上两手空空。 because因为，其后加句子；for因为，其后加句子；since因为，其后加句子；because of因为，其后加名词、代词、动名词。根据“our fear”可知，此处应该用because of表示“因为”。故选D。 15．句意：有时候我们害怕做出错误的选择。 make动词原形；making动词现在分词/动名词；to make动词不定式；made动词过去式。be afraid of doing sth“害怕做某事”，故选B。 （8） （23-24八年级下·广东广州·期末）Where was the cashier (收银员)? Impatient, I quickly looked at my watch 1 there was little time for me to eat a sandwich before work. I looked around the restaurant, and no guests 2 . At the far end of the counter only a woman 3 the table. She looked at me coldly with sad, dark eyes. I waited, getting angry and wanted to shout, “I 4 here for at least three minutes!” Controlling my anger, I remembered Mom’s words. “Whenever something unpleasant happens to you, 5 what is missing. If someone is unkind, then 6 is missing. If someone is hateful, then love is missing. If you know what’s missing, we had better provide 7 .” And here in the restaurant, service was missing. Maybe I should just jump behind the counter and take my own order. Just then the woman walked slowly towards me and asked even 8 . “May I help you?” She looked so tired, and I guessed she 9 be overworked. Remembering Mom’s words, I took 10 deep breath, gave the woman my order…and smiled. “How are you today?” My question seemed to 11 her. She eyed me for a second before 12 . “Not too good.” “I’m sorry.” I said. “I hope it gets 13 from now.” Looking at me, she almost smiled, “Thanks. I hope so.” “We all have problems and angers. We get tired and hurt. Still it’s important for us to be nicer to 14 .” I thought. After my meal, I wiped the table cleaner than usual. The woman was watching me, with a big smile 15 her face. 1．A．so B．as C．though D．if 2．A．can see B．could see C．can be seen D．could be seen 3．A．cleans B．is cleaning C．was cleaning D．will clean 4．A．am standing B．stood C．stands D．have stood 5．A．think about B．thinking about C．thought about D．thinks about 6．A．kind B．kindness C．kindly D．kinder 7．A．him B．it C．us D．them 8．A．cold B．colder C．coldly D．more coldly 9．A．might B．have to C．can't D．would 10．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 11．A．surprising B．surprise C．surprised D．surprisingly 12．A．answer B．answers C．answered D．answering 13．A．the better B．well C．better D．best 14．A．other B．the other C．others D．another 15．A．on B．in C．at D．from 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文通过作者在饭店吃饭的经历，告诉我们遇到不愉快的事情发生时，不要生气，想想什么丢失了，自己就提供什么，这样对别人和自己都会好。 1．句意：我不耐烦了，赶紧看了看表，因为上班前吃三明治的时间不多了。 so所以；as因为；though虽然；if如果。根据“Impatient, I quickly looked at my watch ”可知，此句表示着急的原因。故选B。 2．句意：我环顾了一下餐厅，没有看到客人。 can see能够看见，为一般现在时；could see能够看见，为一般过去时；can be seen能被看见，为一般现在时的被动语态；could be seen能被看见，为一般过去时的被动语态。根据“no guests”可知，此句是说看不到客人，句中主语“no guests”和谓语动词see构成动宾关系，且此处描述的是过去的事，用过去时的被动语态。故选D。 3．句意：在柜台的另一端，只有一个女人在擦桌子。 cleans打扫，为clean的第三人称单数；is cleaning正在打扫，为现在进行时；was cleaning正在打扫，为过去进行时；will clean将会打扫。根据“She looked at me coldly with sad, dark eyes.”可知，此句是说她正在擦桌子，应用过去进行。故选C。 4．句意：我等着，气得想大叫:“我在这儿站了至少三分钟！” am standing正在站着，为现在进行时；stood站，为一般过去时；stands站，为第三人称单数；have stood已经站着，为现在完成时。根据“for at least three minutes”可知，此句是说已经站了至少三分钟，应用现在完成时。故选D。 5．句意：每当不愉快的事情发生在你身上时，想想什么丢失了。 think about思考，考虑，动词原形；thinking about思考，考虑，为现在分词；thought about思考，考虑，为一般过去时；thinks about思考，考虑，为第三人称单数。根据“Whenever something unpleasant happens to you”可知，此句是说这个时候想想什么丢失了，应用祈使句。故选A。 6．句意：如果有人不友善，那么善良就消失了。 kind和蔼的，形容词；kindness和蔼，名词；kindly和蔼地，副词；kinder更加和蔼的，为比较级。根据“If someone is unkind”可知，此句是说如果有人不友善，那就是善良消失了，此处缺少主语，应用名词。故选B。 7．句意：如果你知道缺少了什么，我们最好就提供它。 him他；it它；us我们；them他们。根据“If you know what’s missing”可知，此句是说如果知道缺了什么，就提供什么，这里应用it指代缺失的东西。故选B。 8．句意：就在那时，那个女人慢慢地向我走来，更加冷淡地问道。 cold冷的，形容词；colder更冷的，为形容词比较级；coldly冷冷地，副词；more coldly更冷淡地，为副词比较级。根据“even”可知，此句是说女人更冷淡了，此处用副词修饰动词“asked”。故选D。 9．句意：她看起来很累，我猜她可能是劳累过度了。 might可能；have to不得不；can’t不可能；would将会。根据“I guessed ”可知，此处表示她可能是劳累过度。故选A。 10．句意：想起妈妈的话，我深吸了一口气，向那个女人点了餐……然后笑了。 an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/不填。根据“ I took...deep breath”可知，此句是说深呼吸，应用短语take a deep breath。故选A。 11．句意：我的问题似乎让她吃惊。 surprising让人吃惊的，修饰物；surprise惊讶，使惊讶；surprised感觉吃惊地，修饰人；surprisingly令人惊奇地，副词。根据上文“‘How are you today?’”可知，此句是说作者的话让女服务员吃惊，因为很少有顾客对服务员进行问候，此处应用动词。故选B。 12．句意：她看了我一会儿才回答。 answer回答，动词或名词；answers回答，为第三人称单数；answered回答，为一般过去时；answering回答，为现在分词。根据“‘Not too good.’”可知，此处是说女服务员在回答前看了我一会儿，此处“before”作13词，后跟动名词作宾语。故选D。 198．句意：“我希望从现在开始情况会好转。” the better更好，表示特指；well好，副词；better更好；best最好。根据“I hope it gets”可知，此句是说作者希望对方会变得更好。故选C。 14．句意：对别人好一点对我们来说还是很重要的。 other其他的，后面常跟复数名词，表示泛指；the other后跟单数名词时，指两者中另一个，跟复数名词时，表示其余的，均表示特指；others其他的人或物，相当于“other+名词”，表示泛指；another表示不确定的另一个，表示泛指。根据“We all have problems and angers. We get tired and hurt.”可知，此句是说对别人好些对我们是重要的，others指的是其他人。故选C。 15．句意：那个女人正看着我，脸上挂着灿烂的笑容。 on在……上面；in在……里面；at在；from从。根据“with a big smile”可知，此句是说女服务员脸上有笑容。故选A。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $