Unit 6 Then and now （易错题专项练习·基础知识）英语外研版三起五年级下册（新教材）

Unit 6 Then and now 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.leave Beijing 6.give up 2.get to 7.make travel faster 3.in time for 8.the journey to school 4.full of 9.there be句型过去时 5.shared bikes 10.ow/ou 的发音 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点 拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 We left Beijing in the morning and got to Xi’an in time for lunch.（P64） leave sp. 离开某地 get to 到达 in time for 及时赶上 易错点提示 1.leave 为不规则动词，过去式为 left，基本结构：leave sp. 离开某地；leave for sp. 动身前往某地。 2.get to + 地点名词 表示 “到达某地”；后接 home / here / there 等地点副词时，必须省略 to，即 get home。 3.in time for + 名词 为固定搭配，表示 “及时赶上……”，是本单元必考短语。 4.句子出现 yesterday / last night / in the past 等过去时间状语时，整句必须使用一般过去时。小练笔 1. We ______ Beijing early yesterday morning. 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A. leave B. left C. leaves D. leaving 2. They ______ the station in time for the train. A. got to B. get to C. gets to D. getting to 3. My father ______ Shanghai last night. A. leave for B. left for C. leaves for D. leaving for 4. —Did you ______ school on time yesterday? —Yes, I did. A. get to B. got to C. gets to D. getting to 5. We ______ not ______ home until 9:00 last night. A. did; get B. do; get to C. does; get to D. will; get to 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 点拨 1.B.时间状语 yesterday morning 明确提示句子为一般过去时，动词 leave 的过去式为不规则变化 left，因此选 B。 2.A.句意为 “他们及时到达车站赶上了火车”，get to 表示 “到达”，符合句意与时态要求，因此选 A。 3.B.时间状语 last night 提示一般过去时，短语 leave for 表示 “动身去某地”，过去式为 left for，因此选 B。 4.A.本句为 Did 引导的一般过去时疑问句，助动词 Did 后必须接动词原形，因此用 get to，选 A。 5.A.时间状语 last night 提示一般过去时，否定句结构为 did not + 动词原形，home 为副词，前面不加 to，因此选 A。 高频易错点02 Grandpa told me the streets of China were full of bikes 30 years ago.（P65） be full of 充满 易错点提示 1.be full of 意为 “充满……”，full 为形容词，不能单独接名词，必须搭配 of 一起使用。 2.同义短语：be filled with，考试常考同义替换。 3.时态与主谓一致：主语为单数用 is / was；主语为复数用 are / were。 4.时间标志：now 用一般现在时；yesterday / 30 years ago 用一般过去时。 小练笔 1. The bag ______ books yesterday. A. is full B. was full of C. were full of D. full of 2. The streets ______ shared bikes now. A. are full of B. is full of C. was full of D. full of 3. My room ______ toys when I was little. A. are full of B. is full of C. was full of D. were full of 4. The bottle ______ water. —It's about ______ problems in our daily life. A. full of B. is full C. is full of D. are full of 5. There ______ many cars on the road now. A. is full of B. are full of C. were full of D. was full of 点拨 1.B.时间状语 yesterday 提示一般过去时，主语 the bag 为单数，be 动词用 was，固定搭配 be full of，因此选 B。 2.A.时间状语 now 提示一般现在时，主语 the streets 为复数，be 动词用 are，因此选 are full of，选 A。 3.C.时间状语 when I was little 提示一般过去时，主语 my room 为单数，be 动词用 was，因此选 C。 4.C.固定结构 be full of 缺一不可，意为 “充满……”，主语 the bottle 为单数，be 动词用 is，因此选 C。 5.B.主语 many cars 为复数，be 动词用 are，固定搭配 are full of 表示 “充满”，因此选 B。 高频易错点03 Now the streets are still full of bikes, but most are shared bikes.（P65） shared bikes 共享单车 易错点提示 1.shared 为形容词，意为 “共享的”，shared bikes 为固定短语，意为 “共享单车”。 2.share 为动词，意为 “分享”，常用结构：share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物。 3.most 表示 “大多数”，直接修饰名词：most students，中间不加 of。 4.many 后接可数名词复数，bike 的复数形式为 bikes，直接加 s。 小练笔 1. Many people use ______ bikes in big cities now. A. share B. shared C. shares D. sharing 2. We should ______ our toys with friends. A. shared B. sharing C. share D. shares 3. Most ______ students like sports. A. of B. for C. / D. to 4. There are many ______ on the street. A. bike B. bikes C. biks D. biking 5. My brother often rides a ______ bike to school. A. share B. shared C. sharing D. shares 点拨 1.B. 固定短语 shared bikes 表示 “共享单车”，shared 作形容词修饰 bikes，因此选 B。 2.C. 情态动词“should”后接动词原形。share 为动词原形，意为 “分享”，因此选 C。 3.C. “most students”表示“大多数学生”，most 直接修饰名词，中间不加介词，因此选 C。 4.B. 限定词 many 后必须接可数名词复数，many后接可数名词复数。 5.B. “shared”作形容词修饰“bike”。表示 “共享的”，符合句意 “骑共享单车去上学”，因此选 B。 高频易错点04 He gave up a good life in the city to do something for his hometown.（P66） give up 放弃 易错点提示 1.give 为不规则动词，过去式为 gave，短语 give up 的过去式为 gave up。 2.give up 后可接名词、代词或动名词：give up sth. / give up doing sth. 放弃某事 / 放弃做某事。 3.代词作宾语时必须放在中间：give it up，不能说 give up it。 4.Don’t / want to / should 后面一律接动词原形 give up。 小练笔 1. He ______ a good job last year. A. give up B. gave up C. gives up D. giving up 2. Don’t ______ learning English. A. give up B. gave up C. gives up D. giving up 3. She wants to ______ smoking. A. give up B. gave up C. gives up D. giving up 4. My uncle ______ driving because he was tired. —Yes, he is. A. give up B. gave up C. gives up D. giving up 5. We should never ______ our dreams. A. give up B. gave up C. gives up D. giving up 点拨 1.B. "last year"提示一般过去时。give up 的过去式为 gave up，因此选 B。 2.A. Don’t引导的祈使句，后面必须接动词原形，因此用 give up，选 A。 3.A. "want to do sth."后接动词原形。to 后接动词原形 give up，因此选 A。 4.B. 句中"was"提示一般过去时。give up 的过去式为 gave up，因此选 B。 5.A. 情态动词"should"后接动词原形。因此用 give up，选 A。 高频易错点056 In the past, the journey to school was hard and dangerous.（P69） the journey to 去……的路 易错点提示 1.the journey to + 地点 表示 “去…… 的路程 / 旅程”，to 为介词，表方向。 2.hard 形容词，意为 “艰难的”；dangerous 形容词，意为 “危险的”。 3.固定句型：It was + 形容词 + to do sth. 做某事是…… 的。 4.in the past 表示 “在过去”，句子必须使用一般过去时。 小练笔 ( )1. The journey to school ______ difficult before. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )2. It was dangerous ______ the river. A. cross B. crossing C. to cross D. crossed ( )3. My grandfather’s journey to school ______ very long. A. was B. were C. are D. be ( )4. The road was narrow and ______. A. danger B. dangerous C. dangers D. dangerously ( )5. In the past, children ______ walk a long way to school. A. have to B. had to C. has to D. having to 点拨 1.C. 主语 the journey 为单数，时间状语 before 提示一般过去时，be 动词用 was，因此选 C。2.C. 固定句型 It was dangerous to do sth. 表示 “做某事很危险”，to 后接动词原形，因此选 C。 3.主语 grandfather’s journey 为单数，描述过去的情况用一般过去时，be 动词用 was，因此选 A。 4.B. and 连接并列成分，前面 narrow 为形容词，后面也应用形容词 dangerous，因此选 B。 5.B. 时间状语 in the past 提示一般过去时，have to 的过去式为 had to，因此选 B。 高频易错点06 Today, there are lots of buildings and roads in my hometown.（P70） there be句型 易错点提示 1.there be 句型表示 “某地有某物”，遵循就近原则，be 动词由后面第一个名词决定。 2.一般现在时：there is（单数）/there are（复数）。 3.一般过去时：there was（单数）/there were（复数）。 4.时间标志：now / today 用现在时；before / 30 years ago 用过去时。 小练笔 ( )1. There ______ many tall buildings in the city now. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )2. There ______ a small school on the mountain before. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )3. There ______ lots of roads in my hometown now. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )4. There ______ many bikes on the streets 30 years ago. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )5. There ______ a river near the village now. A. is B. are C. were D. being 点拨 1.B时间状语 now 提示一般现在时，主语 many tall buildings 为复数，be 动词用 are，因此选 B。 2.C时间状语 before 提示一般过去时，主语 a small school 为单数，be 动词用 was，因此选 C。 3.B时间状语 now 提示一般现在时，主语 lots of roads 为复数，be 动词用 are，因此选 B。 4.D时间状语 30 years ago 提示一般过去时，主语 many bikes 为复数，be 动词用 were，因此选 D。 5.A时间状语 now 提示一般现在时，主语 a river 为单数，be 动词用 is，因此选 A。 高频易错点07 The high-speed trains make travel faster.（P70） make + 宾语 + 形容词 易错点提示 1.核心结构：make sb./sth. + 形容词，表示 “使某人 / 某物变得……”。 2.拓展结构：make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事，do 用动词原形。 3.high-speed 为复合形容词，意为 “高速的”；travel 可作名词，意为 “出行、旅行”。 4.形容词比较级 faster 可直接用于该结构，表示 “使…… 更快”。 小练笔 ( )1. The new road makes travel ______. A. easy B. easier C. easily D. easiest ( )2. High-speed trains make our life ______. A. convenient B. conveniently C. convenience D. more conveniently ( )3. Exercise makes us ______. A. health B. healthy C. healthily D. healthierly ( )4. The Internet makes study ______. A. easier B. easy C. easily D. easiest ( )5. Good sleep makes people ______ energetic. A. feel B. feels C. felt D. feeling 点拨 1.B固定结构 make + 宾语 + 形容词，此处用比较级 easier 表示 “使出行更便捷”，符合句意，因此选 B。 2.A.make 后接形容词作宾语补足语，convenient 为形容词，意为 “方便的”，因此选 A。 3.B.make us + 形容词 表示 “使我们……”，healthy 为形容词，意为 “健康的”，因此选 B。 4.A结构 make study easier 表示 “使学习更容易”，用比较级更符合语境，因此选 A。 5.A固定结构 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事，do 用动词原形 feel，因此选 A。 高频易错点08 Which changes surprised you most?（P70） surprise 使惊讶 易错点提示 1.surprise 作动词，意为 “使惊讶”，过去式为 surprised。 2.surprised 形容词，修饰人，表示 “感到惊讶的”，常用：be surprised at。 3.surprising 形容词，修饰物 / 事情，表示 “令人惊讶的”。 4.most 表示程度 “最”，surprised you most 最让你惊讶。 小练笔 ( )1. The news ______ me yesterday. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprises ( )2. I am very ______ at the news. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprises ( )3. The movie is very ______. A. surprised B. surprising C. surprise D. surprises ( )4. Which change surprised you ______? A. many B. much C. most D. more ( )5. The result ______ everyone. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprises 点拨 1.B.时间状语 yesterday 提示一般过去时，动词 surprise 用过去式 surprised，因此选 B。 2.B.主语 I 是人，形容词用 surprised，表示 “感到惊讶的”，因此选 B。 3.B.主语 the movie 是事物，形容词用 surprising，表示 “令人惊讶的”，因此选 B。 4.C.most 表示程度 “最”，surprised you most 意为 “最让你惊讶”，因此选 C。 5.B.描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，动词 surprise 变为 surprised，因此选 B。 高频易错点09 字母组合ow/ou的发音（P56） Now we can travel around China by high-speed train.（P70） 易错点提示 ① 核心发音规则：字母组合ow、ou常见发双元音 /aʊ/ 本单元例词：now /naʊ/、around /əˈraʊnd/、house、mouse、cloud ② 特殊发音：ow 还可发 /əʊ/ 例词：slow /sləʊ/、snow /snəʊ/、window ③ 发音区分口诀：多数 ow/ou 张口读 /aʊ/，少数 ow 轻声读 /əʊ/ 小练笔 选出下列单词中划线部分发音不同的一项。 ( )1. A. now B. slow C. how D. around ( )2. A. house B. cloud C. snow D. mouth ( )3. A. cow B. window C. brown D. flower ( )4. A. out B. sound C. know D.shout ( )5. A. town B. grow C. down D. crowd 点拨 1.B 其余发 /aʊ/，slow 中 ow 发 /əʊ/ 2.C 其余发 /aʊ/，snow 中 ow 发 /əʊ/ 3.B 其余发 /aʊ/，window 中 ow 发 /əʊ/ 4.C 其余发 /aʊ/，know 中 ow 发 /əʊ/ 5.B 其余发 /aʊ/，grow 中 ow 发 /əʊ/ 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.The streets ______（be）full of bikes 30 years ago. 2.We ______（leave）Beijing in the morning and ______（get）to Xi’an yesterday. 3.He ______（give）up a good life and ______（work）hard 22 years ago. 4.The mountains ______（become）green after many years of planting. 5.They ______（ride）shared bikes and ______（travel）around the city last Sunday. 6.In the past, the journey to school ______（be）hard and dangerous. 7.Today, there ______（be）lots of buildings and roads in my hometown. 8.My grandpa ______（tell）me many stories about the past last night. 9.Workers ______（build）many new roads in our city last year. 10.We should ______（learn）from the great people around us. 二、单项选择题 ( )1. The streets ______ full of bikes 30 years ago, but now they ______ full of cars. A. are; is B. were; are C. was; were D. are; were ( )2. We ______ to Xi’an by high-speed train last week. A. travel B. will travel C. travelled D. travels ( )3. There ______ no tall buildings in the village in the past. A. were B. was C. are D. is ( )4. He ______ hard and made the mountains green. A. working B. works C. work D. worked ( )5. —What ______ you do last weekend? —I ______ shared bikes with my friends. A. did; rode B. do; ride C. did; ride D. do; rode ( )6. There ______ many shared bikes on the street now. A. is B. are C. were D. was ( )7. The journey ______ safe and easy today. A. was B. were C. is D. are ( )8. My grandpa ______ me many old photos yesterday. A. shows B. show C. showed D. will show ( )9. They ______ many trees on the mountain 10 years ago. A. planted B. plant C. will plant D. plants ( )10. We should ______ our hometown clean and beautiful. A. kept B. keep C. keeps D. keeping ( )11. Which of the following has the same sound as /aʊ/? A. slow B. snow C. now D. window 三、句型转换 1.The streets were full of bikes.（改为否定句） The streets ______ ______ full of bikes. 2.We travelled around the city last week.（改为一般疑问句） ______ you ______ around the city last week? 3.He left home this morning.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ he ______ this morning? 4.There are many buildings now.（改为一般过去时） There ______ many buildings ______. 5.The journey was hard in the past.（改为一般现在时） The journey ______ hard ______. 6.高铁让旅行变得更快。（翻译句子） High-speed trains ______ travel ______. 7.They rode shared bikes yesterday.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ they ______ yesterday? 8.There were no teahouses here before.（改为现在时） There ______ many teahouses here ______. 四、汉译英，根据中文提示补全句子 1.三十年前街道上满是自行车。 The streets ______ full of bikes 30 ______ ______. 2.我们早上离开北京，及时赶到西安吃午饭。 We ______ Beijing in the morning and ______ to Xi’an ______ ______ for lunch. 3.他放弃了城里的好生活，为家乡做事。 He ______ ______ a good life in the city to do something for his hometown. 4.过去上学的路艰难又危险。 ______ the ______, the journey to school ______ hard and dangerous. 5.现在我的家乡有很多高楼和道路。 Today, ______ ______ lots of buildings and roads in my hometown. 6.我们应该爱护共享单车。 We should ______ ______ ______ the shared bikes. 7.他们去年在山上种了很多树。 They ______ many trees ______ the mountain last year. 8.老照片把爷爷带回了过去。 The old photos ______ Grandpa ______ to the past. 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. were　2. left; got　3. gave; worked　4. became　5. rode; travelled　6. was　7. are　8. told　9. built　10. learn 1. were 句中“30 years ago”提示一般过去时，主语“The streets”是复数，谓语动词用were。 2. left; got 句中“yesterday”提示一般过去时，“leave”的过去式为不规则变化“left”，“get”的过去式为不规则变化“got”。 3. gave; worked 句中“22 years ago”提示一般过去时，“give”的过去式为不规则变化“gave”，“work”的过去式为“worked”。 4. became 句中描述过去发生的变化，用一般过去时，“become”的过去式为不规则变化“became”。 5. rode; travelled 句中“last Sunday”提示一般过去时，“ride”的过去式为不规则变化“rode”，“travel”的过去式为“travelled”。 6. was 句中“In the past”提示一般过去时，主语“the journey”是单数，be动词用was。 7. are 句中“Today”提示一般现在时，主语“lots of buildings and roads”是复数，be动词用are。 8. told 句中“last night”提示一般过去时，“tell”的过去式为不规则变化“told”。 9. built 句中“last year”提示一般过去时，“build”的过去式为不规则变化“built”。 10. learn 情态动词“should”后接动词原形，用learn。 二、单项选择题 1. B　2. C　3. A　4. D　5. A　6. B　7. C　8. C　9. A　10. B　11. C 1. B 第一空“30 years ago”用一般过去时，主语复数用were；第二空“now”用一般现在时，用are。 2. C 句中“last week”提示一般过去时，“travel”的过去式为travelled。 3. A 句中“in the past”提示一般过去时，“buildings”是复数，be动词用were。 4. D 句中and后“made”提示一般过去时，“work”的过去式为worked。 5. A 句中“last weekend”提示一般过去时，助动词用did，“ride”的过去式为rode。 6. B 句中“now”提示一般现在时，“bikes”是复数，be动词用are。 7. C 句中“today”提示一般现在时，主语“the journey”是单数，be动词用is。 8. C 句中“yesterday”提示一般过去时，“show”的过去式为showed。 9. A 句中“10 years ago”提示一般过去时，“plant”的过去式为planted。 10. B 情态动词“should”后接动词原形，用keep。 三、句型转换 1. were not　2. Did; travel　3. What did; do　4. were; before　5. is; today　6. make; faster　7. What did; do　8. are; now 1. were not 原句为一般过去时，改为否定句直接在be动词“were”后加“not”。 2. Did; travel 原句为一般过去时，改为一般疑问句需用助动词“Did”引导，谓语动词变回原形“travel”。 3. What did; do 画线部分是动作，用特殊疑问词“What”提问；原句为一般过去时，需加助动词“did”，谓语动词变回原形“do”。 4. were; before 原句为一般现在时，改为一般过去时，需将“are”变为“were”，“now”改为“before”。 5. is; today 原句为一般过去时，改为一般现在时，需将“was”变为“is”，“in the past”改为“today”。 6. make; faster “让……更快”译为固定搭配“make…faster”，主语为复数，动词用原形。 7. What did; do 画线部分是动作，用特殊疑问词“What”提问；原句为一般过去时，需加助动词“did”，谓语动词变回原形“do”。 8. are; now 原句为一般过去时，改为一般现在时，需将“were”变为“are”，“before”改为“now”。 四、汉译英，根据中文提示补全句子 1. were; years ago　2. left; got; in time　3. gave up　4. In; past; was　5. there are　6. take care of　7. planted; on　8. brought; back 1. were; years ago “30年前”为“30 years ago”，提示一般过去时，主语复数be动词用were。 2. left; got; in time “离开”过去式“left”，“到达”过去式“got”，“及时”固定短语为in time。 3. gave up “放弃”固定短语“give up”，句中描述过去动作用过去式gave up。 4. In; past; was “在过去”固定短语为In the past，提示一般过去时，主语单数be动词用was。 5. there are “有”用there be句型，“Today”提示一般现在时，名词复数用there are。 6. take care of “爱护、照顾”固定短语为take care of，情态动词“should”后接动词原形。 7. planted; on “种植”过去式为planted，“在山上”固定搭配为on the mountain。 8. brought; back “把……带回”固定搭配“bring…back”，句中描述过去动作用过去式brought…back。 $