Unit 8 A green world 短文首字母填空10篇（单元话题：环保）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元易错题精练（译林版）

**基本信息** 聚焦环保话题，通过10篇首字母填空实现基础巩固与重难突破，强化语言运用与环保意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础语篇练习|5篇|首字母填空（每空一词，语境补全）|围绕日常环保行为（捡垃圾、节能习惯）与基础问题（水污染、资源短缺），构建"现象-影响"认知链条| |重难语篇练习|5篇|首字母填空（复杂语境，高阶词汇）|拓展环保措施（垃圾分类、竹替代塑料）与社会案例（垃圾收集世界杯、敦煌环保活动），形成"问题-解决方案"应用逻辑|

Unit 8 A green world 短文首字母填空10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 环保 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Do you believe picking up rubbish (垃圾) has become a world competition? In November of 2023, the first Rubbish Collection World Cup was held in Asia. Teams from 21 countries t 1 part in it. According to the rules, each team will have 60 minutes to c 2 rubbish as much as possible. Britain finally won the first prize. “We hope more people around the world will pay a 3 to environmental problems,” said a British team member. W 4 Ken, the founder (创始人) of the competition, was interviewed, he talked about how he came up with the idea. Several years ago, he found many sea animals died after they a 5 the rubbish in the sea. So he s 6 to pick up rubbish on his way to the beach every morning. “Picking up a piece of rubbish may save a turtle’s (海龟的) 1 7 . It’s also a good way to keep the beach clean.” In his eyes, changing people’s thoughts about rubbish was more i 8 . “Picking up rubbish is meaningful and h 9 ” added Ken. “Now, I am glad to hear that lots of people take part in it to protect our e 10 .” 【答案】 1．(t)ook 2．(c)ollect 3．(a)ttention 4．(W)hen 5．(a)te 6．(s)tarted 7．(l)ife 8．(i)mportant 9．(h)elpful 10．(e)nvironment 【导语】本文介绍了2023年11月在亚洲举办的首届垃圾收集世界杯，通过介绍这一独特赛事，传达环保理念，鼓励人们积极参与环保行动 。 1．句意：来自21个国家的队伍参加了它。根据“Teams from 21 countries...part in it.”可知，此处考查固定短语“take part in”，意思是“参加”，文章讲述的是2023年11月的事情，时态为一般过去时，所以用take的过去式took，故填(t)ook。 2．句意：根据规则，每个队伍将有60分钟尽可能多地收集垃圾。根据“each team will have 60 minutes to...rubbish as much as possible.”以及前文提到的“Rubbish Collection World Cup”可知，比赛内容是收集垃圾，“collect rubbish”表示“收集垃圾”，to后接动词原形，故填(c)ollect。 3．句意：一位英国队员说：“我们希望世界上更多的人会关注环境问题。”根据“We hope more people around the world will pay...to environmental problems”可知，此处考查固定短语“pay attention to”，意思是“关注”，故填(a)ttention。 4．句意：当比赛的创始人肯接受采访时，他谈到了他是如何想出这个主意的。根据“...Ken, the founder (创始人) of the competition, was interviewed, he talked about how he came up with the idea.”可知，这里表示“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，表示“当他接受采访时”，首字母大写，故填(W)hen。 5．句意：几年前，他发现许多海洋动物在吃了海里的垃圾后死亡。根据“he found many sea animals died after they...the rubbish in the sea”可知，动物死亡是因为吃了垃圾，结合首字母，此处用动词“eat”表示“吃”，句子时态是一般过去时，所以用eat的过去式ate，故填(a)te。 6．句意：所以他开始每天早上在去海滩的路上捡垃圾。根据“So he...to pick up rubbish on his way to the beach every morning.”并结合首字母可知，这里表示“开始做某事”，“start to do sth.”，文章时态是一般过去时，所以用start的过去式started，故填(s)tarted。 7．句意：捡起一块垃圾可能会挽救一只海龟的生命。根据“Picking up a piece of rubbish may save a turtle’s (海龟的)...”并结合首字母可知，捡垃圾能挽救海龟的生命，名词“life”表示“生命”，故填(l)ife。 8．句意：在他看来，改变人们对垃圾的看法更重要。根据“In his eyes, changing people’s thoughts about rubbish was more...”结合语境和首字母可知，他觉得改变人们对垃圾的看法这件事更重要，形容词“important”表示“重要的”，故填(i)mportant。 9．句意：肯补充说：“捡垃圾是有意义且有帮助的。”根据“Picking up rubbish is meaningful and...”可知，这里描述捡垃圾的特点，结合首字母，形容词“helpful”表示“有帮助的”，符合语境，故填(h)elpful。 10．句意：现在，我很高兴听到很多人参与其中来保护我们的环境。根据“Now, I am glad to hear that lots of people take part in it to protect our...”可知，人们参与捡垃圾是为了保护环境，名词“environment”表示“环境”，符合语境，故填(e)nvironment。 I am an “energy monitor” in my class. My job is to remind (提醒) my classmates to “go green”. Do I have to be busy every day? Well, in the b 1 , I had a lot to do. I had to make sure the lights in the classroom were t 2 off before we left the classroom for a PE lesson or some other activities. And I had to c 3 the dustbin to see if anyone wasted paper. Luckily, I got enough s 4 from both the teachers and my classmates. Now, I don’t need to be as b 5 as before. Because all of us have f 6 a habit of “going green”. Everyone knows it is important to s 7 energy. We never leave the lights on when no one is in the classroom. And we always write on b 8 sides of paper. Few of us go to school by car. And no one d 9 litter everywhere at school. Moreover, we start to c 10 used things like empty bottles and old books at school. 【答案】 1．(b)eginning 2．(t)urned 3．(c)heck 4．(s)upport 5．(b)usy 6．(f)ormed 7．(s)ave 8．(b)oth 9．(d)rops 10．(c)ollect 【导语】本文主要讲述作者作为班级“节能监督员”的工作经历，以及班级同学逐渐养成环保习惯的过程。 1．句意：嗯，一开始，我有很多事情要做。根据下文“Now, I don’t need to be as…as before.”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指一开始事情多，in the beginning“一开始”。故填(b)eginning。 2．句意：在我们离开教室去上体育课或参加其他活动之前，我必须确保教室里的灯已经关掉。根据“before we left the classroom for a PE lesson or some other activities”并结合首字母提示可知，离开教室，应是需要关灯，turn off“关闭”，此处用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(t)urned。 3．句意：我不得不检查垃圾箱，看看是否有人浪费了纸张。根据“to see if anyone wasted paper”并结合首字母提示可知，看看是否有人浪费了纸张，应是需要检查垃圾桶，check“检查”，had to后接动词原形。故填(c)heck。 4．句意：幸运的是，我得到了老师和同学的足够支持。根据“Luckily, I got enough…from both the teachers and my classmates.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指作者得到了支持，support“支持”符合。故填(s)upport。 5．句意：现在，我不需要像以前那样忙了。根据上文“Do I have to be busy every day?”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指作者需要像以前那样忙了，busy“繁忙的”符合。故填(b)usy。 6．句意：因为我们所有人都养成了“环保”的习惯。根据“a habit of ‘going green’”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指养成习惯，form“养成，形成”，此处用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时。故填(f)ormed。 7．句意：大家都知道节约能源很重要。根据下文“We never leave the lights on when no one is in the classroom.”并结合首字母提示可知，当教室里没有人的时候，要关灯，应是指节约能源，save“节约”，根据空前的不定式符号“to”可知，此处用动词原形。故填(s)ave。 8．句意：我们总是在纸的两面写。根据上文“going green”并结合首字母提示可知，环保的行为应是在纸的两面写，both“两者都”符合。故填(b)oth。 9．句意：学校里没有人随地乱扔垃圾。根据上文“going green”并结合首字母提示可知，环保的行为应是不乱扔垃圾，drop litter“扔垃圾”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“no one”，用三单形式。故填(d)rops。 10．句意：此外，我们开始在学校收集用过的东西，比如空瓶子和旧书。根据“we start to…used things like empty bottles and old books at school”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指收集用过的东西，collect“收集”，start to do sth.“开始做某事”，是固定搭配。故填(c)ollect。 根据上下文意思, 完成缺词填空。 People always think that concert (音乐会) is a kind of elegant art. Musicians always play their musical instruments in a concert hall. These halls are always b 1 and clean. Many people go to the concerts. They can sit in these halls comfortably and l 2 to the wonderful music. But in London, people h 3 a concert in a dump (垃圾堆). These people are all musicians. T 4 musical instruments are strange, too. They are all waste. The musicians look serious as if they played in the concert hall. They play c 5 and they don’t care a 6 how many people are listening to them. Maybe you want to know w 7 they play there. Do they have no good place to enjoy t 8 ? They want to call on people to protect our e 9 . By doing this, they also want to tell people that they can reuse waste. The waste is alsouseful if people treat it carefully. In this way, people can s 10 much energy. 【答案】 1．(b)right/(b)ig 2．(l)isten 3．(h)old 4．(T)heir 5．(c)arefully 6．(a)bout 7．(w)hy 8．(t)hemselves 9．(e)nvironment 10．(s)ave 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了人们用废物做成乐器在垃圾场演奏音乐，目的是呼吁人们保护环境。 【详解】301．句意：这些大厅总是明亮且干净的。根据“These halls are always… to the wonderful music.”和首字母提示可知，很多人舒适地坐在大厅听音乐，可推测，音乐厅应该是bright“明亮的”或big“大的”的场所，and连接并列的成分，clean是原级，bright或big也应用原级。故填(b)right/(b)ig。 1．句意：他们可以舒适地坐在大厅里，听美妙的音乐会。根据“They can sit in these halls comfortably and… to the wonderful music.”和首字母提示可知，是在音乐厅“听音乐”，即listen to music，固定短语，且and连接并列的成分，情态动词can后接动词原形，所以，此处应是listen。故填(l)isten。 2．句意：但在伦敦，人们在垃圾场举办音乐会。根据“But in London, people… a concert in a dump.”和首字母提示可知，在垃圾场举办音乐会，hold“举办”符合题意，且结合上下文可知，本句是一般现在时，主语people是复数人称，谓语动词应用动词原形，即hold。故填(h)old。 3．句意：他们的乐器也很奇怪。“… musical instruments are strange, too.”和首字母提示可知，此处their“他们的”，形容词性物主代词修饰名词instruments，意为“他们的乐器”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填(T)heir。 4．句意：他们演奏得非常认真，不在乎有多少人在听。“They play… how many people are listening to them.”可知，他们演奏得非常认真，不在乎有多少人在听，结合首字母，carefully“仔细地”符合题意，副词carefully修饰动词play。故填(c)arefully。 5．句意：他们演奏得非常认真，不在乎有多少人在听。根据“they don’t care… how many people are listening to them.”和首字母提示可知，演奏音乐不在乎观众的数量，care about“在意”，固定短语，所以，about“关于”符合题意。故填(a)bout。 6．句意：也许你想知道他们为什么在那里演奏。根据“They play… how many people are listening to them.”可知，他们演奏不在乎有多少人在听，所以，你肯定想知道他们为什么在那里演奏，结合首字母，这里需要疑问词why，表示原因。故填(w)hy。 7．句意：他们没有一个好的地方可以享受生活吗？根据“Do they have no good place to enjoy…?”和首字母提示可知，enjoy oneself“享受”，固定短语，主语是they，所以，oneself应用themselves。故填(t)hemselves。 8．句意：他们想呼吁人们保护我们的环境。根据“They want to call on people to protect our….”和首字母提示可知，protect our environment“保护我们的环境”，“environment环境”符合题意。故填(e)nvironment。 9．句意：通过这种方式，人们可以节省很多能源。根据“In this way, people can… much energy.”和首字母提示可知，save energy“节省能源”，“save节省”符合题意。故填(s)ave。 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整, 每空一词。 The earth is our home. Some things we have done are good for the earth w 1 some are bad. We have polluted the earth, and it is sick now. We cut down too many trees, so lots of rich land has c 2 into desert. Factories pour wastewater into river. Pollution has caused many s 3 problems. The earth is crying for help. What shall we do to save it? We should be different from many consumers (消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we can buy and use things f 4 to the environment. We can also recycle as many things as possible. We should also try to be “greener people”. We can plant more trees. We can ride bikes or take buses to r 5 air pollution. We shall never leave a room with the lights on. We can save water by taking shorter showers and t 6 off the tap when brushing teeth. We should r 7 to separate waste into different groups before throwing it away. After all, we have o 8 one Earth. We should do everything to p 9 it, or we will be punished and lose our home. Lean to live in new and different ways, and we can make a d 10 . 【答案】 1．(w)hile 2．(c)hanged 3．(s)erious 4．(f)riendly 5．(r)educe 6．(t)urning 7．(r)emember 8．(o)nly 9．(p)rotect 10．(d)ifference 【导语】本文讲述的是地球是我们的家，我们人类的一些坏的做法使得地球环境深受破坏，为了拯救地球，我们应该采取一些措施来保护我们的地球。 1．句意：我们所做的一些事对地球有益，但有些事却是有害的。前后表示转折，由于首字母w，所以是while“然而”。故填(w)hile。 2．句意：我们砍伐了太多的树木，许多肥沃的土地变成了沙漠。根据“so lots of rich land has c.. into desert”因此许多肥沃的土地……沙漠，结合首字母c，所以是变成沙漠。由于此句是现在完成时，所以是动词过去分词changed。故填(c)hanged。 3．句意：污染已经引发了许多严重的问题。分析句子可知，横线上是形容词修饰名词problems，由于后文“The earth is crying for help.”可知问题严重，由于首字母是s，所以是形容词serious“严重的”。故填(s)erious。 4．句意：这意味着我们可以购买和使用对环境友好的东西。根据“green consumers”环保顾客，可知是对环境友好。考查“be friendly to”对……友好。故填(f)riendly。 5．句意：我们可以骑自行车或乘坐公共汽车来减少空气污染。根据前文是骑车或乘公交车，所以是减少污染。故填(r)educe。 6．句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间、刷牙时关闭水龙头来节约用水。根据前文说节约水，所以是关闭水龙头。故填(t)urning。 7．句意：我们应该记住在扔掉垃圾之前先将其分成不同的类别。分析句子可知，横线上应是动词，根据“We should...to separate...”可知，我们应该记得去……，考查短语“remember to do”记得去做。故填(r)emember。 8．句意：毕竟，我们只有一个地球。根据“we have o...one Earth”我们有……一个地球。结合首字母o，所以是“唯一一个”。故填(o)nly。 9．句意：我们应该尽一切努力保护它，否则我们将受到惩罚并失去我们的家园。横线后it代指地球，所以是保护地球，结合首字母p，所以是动词protect。故填(p)rotect。 10．句意：学会以新的、不同的方式生活，我们就能发挥作用。前文说的是以新的不同的方式生活，对保护地球会起到作用。考查短语“make a difference”起到影响。故填(d)ifference。 根据首字母提示补全短文。 The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty. This may s 1 strange to you, since nearly 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered w 2 water. But about 97% of that is sea water, or salt water. Humans can only drink and u 3 the other 3% the fresh water from rivers, lakes, the underground and o 4 sources. And we cannot even use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been polluted. However, as things stand today, this fresh water is still e 5 for us. But our need for water is b 6 larger and larger—almost day by day. We should take s 7 to deal with this problem now and in this w 8 we can get away from a serious water shortage(短缺) later on. We all have to learn how to s 9 wasting our valuable water. One of the steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent into a sewer system(排污系统). From there it r 10 to the sea or runs into underground places. 【答案】 1．(s)eem 2．(w)ith 3．(u)se 4．(o)ther 5．(e)nough 6．(b)ecoming 7．(s)teps 8．(w)ay 9．(s)top 10．(r)eturns 【导语】本文主要介绍了水资源短缺的问题以及如何解决这个问题。 1．句意：这对你来说可能很奇怪，因为地球表面近71%被水覆盖。根据“This may …strange to you”及首字母可知，似乎很奇怪，seem“似乎”，may后接动词原形，故填(s)eem。 2．句意：这对你来说可能很奇怪，因为地球表面近71%被水覆盖。be covered with“被……覆盖”，固定搭配，故填(w)ith。 3．句意：人类只能饮用和使用来自河流、湖泊、地下和其他来源的另外3%的淡水。根据“Humans can only drink and … the other 3% the fresh water”及首字母可知，人类只能用淡水资源，use“使用”，can后接动词原形，故填(u)se。 4．句意：人类只能饮用和使用来自河流、湖泊、地下和其他来源的另外3%的淡水。根据“rivers, lakes, the underground and…sources”及首字母可知，此处指其他的资源，other“其他的”，后接复数名词，故填(o)ther。 5．句意：然而，就今天的情况来看，这些淡水对我们来说仍然足够。根据“this fresh water is still …for us.”及首字母可知，这些淡水对我们来说是足够的，enough“足够的”，故填(e)nough。 6．句意：但是我们对水的需求正变得越来越大——几乎是每一天。根据“our need for water is…larger and larger”及首字母可知，对淡水资源的需求变得越来越大，become“变得”，根据is可知，此空应填现在分词，故填(b)ecoming。 7．句意：我们现在应该采取措施来解决这个问题，这样我们就可以避免以后严重的水资源短缺。根据“We should take… to deal with this problem”及首字母可知，此处指采取措施来解决这个问题，take steps“采取措施”，故填(s)teps。 8．句意：我们现在应该采取措施来解决这个问题，这样我们就可以避免以后严重的水资源短缺。根据“in this … we can get away from a serious water shortage(短缺) later on”及首字母可知，用这种方法我们就可以避免水资源短缺，in this way“用这种方法”，故填(w)ay。 9．句意：我们都必须学会如何停止浪费我们宝贵的水。根据“One of the steps is to develop ways of reusing it.”及首字母可知，要学着停止浪费水资源，stop“停止”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填(s)top。 10．句意;从那里它回到大海或流入地下。根据“then sent into a sewer system”及“to the sea”可知，通过排污系统再返回大海，return“返回”，根据runs可知，此空应填动词三单，故填(r)eturns。 People burn coal, gas and oil to get energy. But there are problems with these fuels (燃料). Firstly, these fuels c 1 pollution. Pollution makes the air and water unsafe for p 2 . Secondly, these fuels will not last forever. One day, we will r 3 out of these fuels. Scientists are looking for new k 4 of energy. One is heat from the Earth. We know that the centre of the Earth is very hot. We cannot r 5 the centre of the Earth, but in some places the heat from the Earth’s centre comes to the surface of the Earth. Perhaps you k 6 about some of these places. One place is volcanoes (火山). It is very d 7 to go near an active volcano, so we cannot use the energy from this. A 8 kind of heat from the Earth is hot springs (温泉). In these places, hot water comes to the surface of the Earth. If this water is near a town, the hot water can be sent in pipes directly to people’s houses to heat them. In Iceland, this is a common w 9 to heat houses. In Australia, scientists are looking for ways to make energy using hot rocks under the surface of the Earth. They want to pump water onto the hot rocks. When the water hits the rocks, it makes steam (蒸汽). The steam is piped to power stations where it is used to make electricity (电). The electricity can then be sent all o 10 the country. 【答案】 1．(c)ause 2．(p)eople 3．(r)un 4．(k)inds 5．(r)each 6．(k)now 7．(d)angerous 8．(A)nother 9．(w)ay 10．(o)ver 【导语】本文主要介绍了传统能源煤、天然气和石油存在一些污染问题，因此科学家正在积极寻找新能源。 1．句意：首先，这些燃料会造成污染。根据“these fuels...pollution.”和首字母可知，此处是指导致污染，cause“导致”，动词；又因本文主体时态为一般现在时，且主语“these fuels”是复数，动词需用原形。故填(c)ause。 2．句意：污染使空气和水对人类不安全。根据“Pollution makes the air and water unsafe for...”和首字母可知，此处是指污染让空气和水对人类不安全。people“人们”。故填(p)eople。 3．句意：总有一天，我们会用完这些燃料。固定短语run out of“用完”，且“will”后跟动词原形。故填(r)un。 4．句意：科学家们正在寻找新的能源。固定短语kinds of“各种各样的”，后跟名词。故填(k)inds。 5．句意：我们无法到达地球的中心，但在某些地方，来自地球中心的热量会到达地球表面。根据“We cannot...the centre of the Earth,”和首字母可知，此处是指到达地球中心。reach“到达”，动词。情态动词“cannot”后跟动词原形。故填(r)each。 6．句意：也许你知道其中一些地方。根据“you...about some of these places.”和首字母可知，此处是指知道一些地方。固定短语know about“知道，了解”。主语为“you”，动词需用原形。故填(k)now。 7．句意：靠近活火山是非常危险的，所以我们不能利用它的能量。根据“to go near an active volcano”以及首字母可知，靠近活火山很危险。dangerous“危险的”，此处是形容词作表语。故填(d)angerous。 8．句意：另一种来自地球的热量是温泉。根据“...kind of heat from the Earth is hot springs (温泉).”和首字母可知，前面提到一种热量来源，此处是指另一种，another“另一”。故填(A)nother。 9．句意：在冰岛，这是一种常见的房屋供暖方式。根据“In Iceland, this is a common...to heat houses.”和首字母可知，此处是指一种供暖方式。way“方式”，名词。空前有冠词“a”，其后跟名词单数形式。故填(w)ay。 10．句意：然后，电力可以输送到全国各地。根据“all...the country.”和首字母可知，此处是指全国各地，其英文表达为all over the country。故填(o)ver。 阅读理解填词 Waste sorting (垃圾分类) is a big matter worldwide. In order to sort the trash p 1 and protect the environment, people in different countries are using different w 2 to sort their waste. A UK company invented a “smart bin” to h 3 with waste sorting. People just need to drop their waste into the bin (垃圾桶). A camera and sensors (感应器) in the bin can tell what type of trash it is and carefully sort it. The bin also compresses (压缩) the waste so it t 4 up less space. South Korea is using a way called “Pay For Your Waste” to encourage its people to reduce food waste. When t 5 away trash, people have to separate their food waste from their o 6 trash and put it in a bin. The smart bin then weighs the food. People have to pay for their food waste by scanning (扫描) a barcode (条形码) on the bin. If they throw away more trash, they will pay more. Japan is leading the world in waste sorting. They sort waste so well t 7 even plastic bottles and their caps go into different bins. Different types of paper products have their o 8 bins. C 9 is improving its waste sorting efforts. Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green account (账户)” service for its residents (居民). The city is asking all of its residents to sort their waste into four g 10 : wet, recyclable, harmful and dry. 【答案】 1．(p)roperly 2．(w)ays 3．(h)elp 4．(t)akes 5．(t)hrowing 6．(o)ther 7．(t)hat 8．(o)wn 9．(C)hina 10．(g)roups 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个国家的垃圾分类情况。 1．句意：为了正确分类垃圾和保护环境，不同国家的人们正在使用不同的方法来分类垃圾。本句成分完整，可填副词；根据语境及首字母可知，此处可表示“恰当地”，用properly，故填(p)roperly。 2．句意：为了正确分类垃圾和保护环境，不同国家的人们正在使用不同的方法来分类垃圾。根据“using different”及首字母可知，此处表示使用不同的方法，用way；因是不同的方法，需用复数，故填(w)ays。 3．句意：一家英国公司发明了一种“智能垃圾箱”来帮助进行垃圾分类。根据“with waste sorting”及首字母可知，此处表示帮助垃圾分类，用help；因在动词不定式之后，用原形，故填(h)elp。 4．句意：该垃圾箱还可以压缩废物，因此占用的空间更少。本句缺谓语；根据“up less space”及首字母可知，此处表示占据更少空间，take up“占据”；因主语是单数且为一般现在时，动词需用三单，故填(t)akes。 5．句意：扔垃圾时，人们必须将食物垃圾与其他垃圾分开，然后放入垃圾箱。根据“away trash”及首字母可知，此处用throw，表示“扔”；因此处是状从的省略，且主语和动词之间是主动关系，用ing形式，故填(t)hrowing。 6．句意：扔垃圾时，人们必须将食物垃圾与其他垃圾分开，然后放入垃圾箱。根据“people have to separate their food waste from”及首字母可知，此处表示人们必须从其他的垃圾中分出食物垃圾；用other，表示“其他的”，故填(o)ther。 7．句意：他们对废物进行分类非常好，甚至塑料瓶和瓶盖都进入不同的垃圾箱。根据“so well”及首字母可知，此处是so…that…，表示“如此……以致于……”，故填(t)hat。 8．句意：不同类型的纸制品都有自己的垃圾箱。根据“their”及首字母可知，此处表示“他们自己的”，用own，故填(o)wn。 9．句意：中国正在改进其垃圾分类工作。根据最后一段及首字母可知，本段在说明中国所做的垃圾分类，所以空处应填中国，故填(C)hina。 10．句意：该市要求所有居民将他们的垃圾分为四类：湿垃圾、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾和干垃圾。根据“wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.”可知，这里指将垃圾分为四类；结合首字母可知，用group，表示“组”；因是四个，需用复数，故填(g)roups。 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 In the past, Nezha’s hometown was a paradise with clear rivers and green mountains. Birds sang in forests while children played in open spaces. But everything changed when factories were built in the n 1 area. Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly t 2 the land into a gray desert. “Father, we u 3 to swim in these rivers!” Nezha said to Li Jing, his father who once worked in a steel factory. Li Jing said sadly, “I realize that progress shouldn’t harm our e 4 .” Nezha decided to i 5 the situation, and gathered all villagers. They removed plastic waste and planted new trees. Although the task seemed i 6 at first, their hard work started showing results. Nezha’s mother, Yin Shi, organized women to clean the block around the ancient temple. “We must c 7 until every street shines,” she said, her hands covered in mud. Even the children helped, carrying water in tiny buckets. After months of effort, fish r 8 to the rivers. At a village meeting, old Mr. Wang said, “This is the most fantastic view I’ve seen s 9 my childhood!” Everyone cheered when a butterfly landed on Nezha’s shoulder. Nowadays, the villagers keep in touch through online groups to p 10 their home. As Nezha says, “True magic isn’t about fighting monsters, but guarding the beauty around us.” 【答案】 1．(n)orthern 2．(t)urned 3．(u)sed 4．(e)nvironment 5．(i)mprove 6．(i)mpossible 7．(c)ontinue/(c)lean 8．(r)eturned 9．(s)ince 10．(p)rotect 【导语】本文通过哪吒家乡的环境变迁，讲述了一个生态保护与修复的故事。 1．句意：但是当工厂建在这个地区时，一切都改变了。根据“But everything changed when factories were built in the...area.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示工厂修建的位置。northern“北方的”，形容词，符合语境。故填(n)orthern。 2．句意：浓烟和化学废料慢慢地使土地变成了一片灰蒙蒙的沙漠。根据首字母提示及“Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly...the land into a gray desert.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：turn...into...“把……变成……”。结合语境，该句时态为一般过去时。turn的过去式为turned。故填(t)urned。 3．句意：爸爸，我们过去常在这些河中游泳！根据首字母提示及“we...to swim in these rivers!”可知，此处考查固定搭配：used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”。故填(u)sed。 4．句意：我意识到发展不应该伤害我们的环境。根据首字母及前文“Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly turned the land into a gray desert.”可知，此处表示我意识到发展不应该伤害我们的环境。environment“环境”，符合语境。故填(e)nvironment。 5．句意：哪吒决定改善现状并召集所有村民。根据首字母提示及“Nezha decided to...the situation,”可知，此处表示哪吒决定改善现状。to后接动词原形。improve“改善”，符合语境。故填(i)mprove。 6．句意：虽然起初看来任务似乎很难完成，但他们辛勤的工作开始显示出成效。根据首字母提示及“Although the task seemed...at first, their hard work started showing results.”可知，前后表示转折，此处表示任务起初看似不可能。impossible“不可能的”，符合语境。故填(i)mpossible。 7．句意：我们必须一直干下去，直到每条街道都亮起来。根据首字母提示及“Nezha’s mother, Yin Shi, organized women to clean the block around the ancient temple.”可知，此处表示我们必须一直干下去或者是一直清扫，直到每条街道都亮起来。continue“继续”；clean“清扫”，符合语境。故填(c)ontinue/(c)lean。 8．句意：经过几个月的努力，鱼儿又游回河里了。根据首字母提示及“fish...to the rivers.”可知，此处表示鱼儿回到河里，应该用一般过去时。return“回到”，过去式为returned。故填(r)eturned。 9．句意：这是我自童年以来见过的最奇妙的景色！根据首字母提示及“This is the most fantastic view I’ve seen...my childhood!”可知，该句表示这是我自童年以来见过的最奇妙的景色！“since+时间点”表示自童年以来结构，符合语境。填(s)ince。 10．句意：如今，村民们通过在线群组保持联系，以保护他们的家园。根据首字母提示及“the villagers keep in touch through online groups to...their home.”可知，此处表示村民们通过在线群组保持联系，以保护他们的家园。to后接动词原形，protect“保护”，动词，符合语境。故填(p)rotect。 重难语篇练习 “Reduce, reuse, recycle” these are the three Rs that environmental activists have stressed. But how can we realize them? Recently, this idea has c 1 to life in a famous attraction in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu Province. With the arrival of the tourist season, the attraction has been c 2 with visitors around 20,000 a day since July. With so many people, the challenge of dealing with r 3 has become more serious, putting cleaners under pressure. So, the attraction came up with a fun way to help: “Trash-hunt-for-gifts.” Here’s how it works: Visitors are given trash bags and encouraged to pick up litter around the site. In r 4 they get small gifts showing Dunhuang’s rich culture. Isn’t this another good way to show the three Rs spirit? I still remember going to some tourist attractions, especially h 5 sites which have hundreds of years of history are gathered by people in such a small area. At these places, littering is something we always have to try hard to deal w 6 . Not only does it influence the cleanliness of a site, but it is also likely to harm the natural environment. So, when I saw how the “Trash-hunt-for-gifts” program was carried out, it was clear this way was more than just a trick to a 7 attention. It was truly an effort to encourage a culture of responsibility and care. The activity does more than just cleaning up the area. It changes every visitor into an environmental guard, taking part in p 8 the beauty of the site. Over 15,000 tourists have been m 9 of “the Trash-hunt-for-gifts” since 2024. Other places in China are also doing similar things. It’s great to see that tourists are not just enjoying the sights, but also helping to protect them. T 10 tourists into environmental guards is a new and exciting way to keep our scenic spots clean and beautiful for everyone to enjoy. 【答案】 1．come/ome 2．crowded/rowded 3．rubbish/ubbish 4．return/eturn 5．historical/istorical/historic/istoric 6．with/ith 7．attract/ttract 8．protecting/rotecting 9．members/embers 10．Turning/urning 【导语】本文主要讲述了甘肃敦煌某著名景点推出的“捡垃圾换礼品”活动。 1．句意：最近，这一理念在中国西北甘肃省敦煌的一处著名景点中成为了现实。固定搭配come to life意为“成为现实、生动起来”，结合时间状语Recently及助动词has，需用现在完成时，come的过去分词为come，首字母c对应come。 2．句意：随着旅游季的到来，自7月以来，该景点每天都挤满了约2万名游客。固定搭配be crowded with意为“挤满、充满”，符合旅游季游客众多的语境。此处为现在完成时的被动结构“has been crowded with”，首字母c对应crowded。 3．句意：如此多的游客使得垃圾处理的挑战愈发严峻，给清洁人员带来了压力。结合前文“litter(垃圾)”、“cleaners(清洁人员)” 等语境，此处指“垃圾”，首字母r对应rubbish，不可数名词，表示泛指。 4．句意：作为回报，他们会获得展现敦煌丰富文化的小礼品。固定搭配in return意为“作为回报”，对应前文游客捡垃圾、景区送礼品的逻辑，首字母r对应return。 5．句意：我仍记得去过的一些旅游景点，尤其是那些有着数百年历史、人群在狭小区域聚集的历史遗迹。空格后“sites which have hundreds of years of history(有数百年历史的遗址)”提示此处为“历史的”，需用形容词修饰名词sites，首字母h对应historical或historic，表示“历史悠久的”。 6．句意：在这些地方，乱扔垃圾是我们一直要努力应对的问题。固定搭配deal with意为“处理、应对”，首字母w对应with。 7．句意：当我看到“捡垃圾换礼品”活动的开展时，很明显这种方式不仅仅是吸引注意力的噱头。固定搭配attract attention意为“吸引注意力”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，首字母a对应attract。 8．句意：它将每一位游客都转变为环保卫士，参与保护景点的美景。固定搭配take part in doing sth.意为“参与做某事”，in后接动名词；结合“环保卫士”、“美景”的语境，此处为“保护”，首字母p对应protecting。 9．句意：自2024年以来，已有超过1.5万名游客参与了“捡垃圾换礼品”活动。固定搭配be members of意为“成为……的参与者/成员”，主语“Over 15,000 tourists”为复数，首字母m对应members。 10．句意：将游客转变为环保卫士，是一种全新且令人振奋的方式，让我们的景区保持干净美丽，供所有人欣赏。空处作句子主语，需用动名词形式；结合前文“changes every visitor into an environmental guard”的语境，此处为“转变”，固定搭配turn...into...表示“把……转变为……”。故填Turning。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。 For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 1 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 2 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 3 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 4 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 5 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 6 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 7 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 8 . It’s said that Anji p 9 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 10 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. 【答案】 1．(p)lastic 2．(f)riendly 3．(e)xample 4．(q)uite 5．(u)sed 6．(a)dded 7．(W)hile 8．(o)nes 9．(p)roduces 10．(i)nstead 【导语】本文主要讲述竹子作为塑料的环保替代品在不同领域的应用及其优势。 【详解】371．句意：现在，竹子正在扮演新角色——替代塑料！根据下文“Using bamboo…of plastic helps the local community a lot.”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指替代塑料，plastic“塑料”。故填(p)lastic。 1．句意：为了解决这个问题，浙江、福建、四川、广东和安徽省都使用竹子作为环保替代品。environmentally friendly“环保的”，是固定搭配。故填(f)riendly。 2．句意：浙江安吉县是一个好例子。a good example“一个好例子”，是固定搭配。故填(e)xample。 3．句意：小时候，竹编篮子和椅子非常常见。根据“When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were… common”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指竹编篮子和椅子非常常见，quite“相当”。故填(q)uite。 4．句意：白说，该县300多家餐馆和酒店使用竹制餐具。根据“bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is…in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指使用竹制餐具，use“使用”，用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(u)sed。 5．句意：她补充道：“这些竹制袋子可以在三个月内分解，但它们比塑料袋更坚固。”根据上“…said Bai Xia”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指补充的内容，add“补充道”，此处表示过去的事情，应填added。故填(a)dded。 6．句意：虽然树木需要10多年生长，竹子仅需4到6年。前后句对比关系，while“而”符合。故填(W)hile。 7．句意：这意味着人们可以在不种植新植物的情况下获得许多收成。根据“This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new…”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指无需种植新的竹子，用ones指代。故填(o)nes。 8．句意：据说安吉每年生产40万至50万吨竹子。根据“between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指产量，produce“生产”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“Anji”，用三单形式。故填(p)roduces。 9．句意：用竹子代替塑料对当地社区帮助很大。根据上文“Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products.”可知，此处指用竹子代替塑料，instead of“代替”，是固定搭配。故填(i)nstead。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 A green world 短文首字母填空10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 环保 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Do you believe picking up rubbish (垃圾) has become a world competition? In November of 2023, the first Rubbish Collection World Cup was held in Asia. Teams from 21 countries t 1 part in it. According to the rules, each team will have 60 minutes to c 2 rubbish as much as possible. Britain finally won the first prize. “We hope more people around the world will pay a 3 to environmental problems,” said a British team member. W 4 Ken, the founder (创始人) of the competition, was interviewed, he talked about how he came up with the idea. Several years ago, he found many sea animals died after they a 5 the rubbish in the sea. So he s 6 to pick up rubbish on his way to the beach every morning. “Picking up a piece of rubbish may save a turtle’s (海龟的) 1 7 . It’s also a good way to keep the beach clean.” In his eyes, changing people’s thoughts about rubbish was more i 8 . “Picking up rubbish is meaningful and h 9 ” added Ken. “Now, I am glad to hear that lots of people take part in it to protect our e 10 .” I am an “energy monitor” in my class. My job is to remind (提醒) my classmates to “go green”. Do I have to be busy every day? Well, in the b 1 , I had a lot to do. I had to make sure the lights in the classroom were t 2 off before we left the classroom for a PE lesson or some other activities. And I had to c 3 the dustbin to see if anyone wasted paper. Luckily, I got enough s 4 from both the teachers and my classmates. Now, I don’t need to be as b 5 as before. Because all of us have f 6 a habit of “going green”. Everyone knows it is important to s 7 energy. We never leave the lights on when no one is in the classroom. And we always write on b 8 sides of paper. Few of us go to school by car. And no one d 9 litter everywhere at school. Moreover, we start to c 10 used things like empty bottles and old books at school. 根据上下文意思, 完成缺词填空。 People always think that concert (音乐会) is a kind of elegant art. Musicians always play their musical instruments in a concert hall. These halls are always b 1 and clean. Many people go to the concerts. They can sit in these halls comfortably and l 2 to the wonderful music. But in London, people h 3 a concert in a dump (垃圾堆). These people are all musicians. T 4 musical instruments are strange, too. They are all waste. The musicians look serious as if they played in the concert hall. They play c 5 and they don’t care a 6 how many people are listening to them. Maybe you want to know w 7 they play there. Do they have no good place to enjoy t 8 ? They want to call on people to protect our e 9 . By doing this, they also want to tell people that they can reuse waste. The waste is alsouseful if people treat it carefully. In this way, people can s 10 much energy. 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整, 每空一词。 The earth is our home. Some things we have done are good for the earth w 1 some are bad. We have polluted the earth, and it is sick now. We cut down too many trees, so lots of rich land has c 2 into desert. Factories pour wastewater into river. Pollution has caused many s 3 problems. The earth is crying for help. What shall we do to save it? We should be different from many consumers (消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we can buy and use things f 4 to the environment. We can also recycle as many things as possible. We should also try to be “greener people”. We can plant more trees. We can ride bikes or take buses to r 5 air pollution. We shall never leave a room with the lights on. We can save water by taking shorter showers and t 6 off the tap when brushing teeth. We should r 7 to separate waste into different groups before throwing it away. After all, we have o 8 one Earth. We should do everything to p 9 it, or we will be punished and lose our home. Lean to live in new and different ways, and we can make a d 10 . 根据首字母提示补全短文。 The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty. This may s 1 strange to you, since nearly 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered w 2 water. But about 97% of that is sea water, or salt water. Humans can only drink and u 3 the other 3% the fresh water from rivers, lakes, the underground and o 4 sources. And we cannot even use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been polluted. However, as things stand today, this fresh water is still e 5 for us. But our need for water is b 6 larger and larger—almost day by day. We should take s 7 to deal with this problem now and in this w 8 we can get away from a serious water shortage(短缺) later on. We all have to learn how to s 9 wasting our valuable water. One of the steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent into a sewer system(排污系统). From there it r 10 to the sea or runs into underground places. People burn coal, gas and oil to get energy. But there are problems with these fuels (燃料). Firstly, these fuels c 1 pollution. Pollution makes the air and water unsafe for p 2 . Secondly, these fuels will not last forever. One day, we will r 3 out of these fuels. Scientists are looking for new k 4 of energy. One is heat from the Earth. We know that the centre of the Earth is very hot. We cannot r 5 the centre of the Earth, but in some places the heat from the Earth’s centre comes to the surface of the Earth. Perhaps you k 6 about some of these places. One place is volcanoes (火山). It is very d 7 to go near an active volcano, so we cannot use the energy from this. A 8 kind of heat from the Earth is hot springs (温泉). In these places, hot water comes to the surface of the Earth. If this water is near a town, the hot water can be sent in pipes directly to people’s houses to heat them. In Iceland, this is a common w 9 to heat houses. In Australia, scientists are looking for ways to make energy using hot rocks under the surface of the Earth. They want to pump water onto the hot rocks. When the water hits the rocks, it makes steam (蒸汽). The steam is piped to power stations where it is used to make electricity (电). The electricity can then be sent all o 10 the country. 阅读理解填词 Waste sorting (垃圾分类) is a big matter worldwide. In order to sort the trash p 1 and protect the environment, people in different countries are using different w 2 to sort their waste. A UK company invented a “smart bin” to h 3 with waste sorting. People just need to drop their waste into the bin (垃圾桶). A camera and sensors (感应器) in the bin can tell what type of trash it is and carefully sort it. The bin also compresses (压缩) the waste so it t 4 up less space. South Korea is using a way called “Pay For Your Waste” to encourage its people to reduce food waste. When t 5 away trash, people have to separate their food waste from their o 6 trash and put it in a bin. The smart bin then weighs the food. People have to pay for their food waste by scanning (扫描) a barcode (条形码) on the bin. If they throw away more trash, they will pay more. Japan is leading the world in waste sorting. They sort waste so well t 7 even plastic bottles and their caps go into different bins. Different types of paper products have their o 8 bins. C 9 is improving its waste sorting efforts. Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green account (账户)” service for its residents (居民). The city is asking all of its residents to sort their waste into four g 10 : wet, recyclable, harmful and dry. 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 In the past, Nezha’s hometown was a paradise with clear rivers and green mountains. Birds sang in forests while children played in open spaces. But everything changed when factories were built in the n 1 area. Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly t 2 the land into a gray desert. “Father, we u 3 to swim in these rivers!” Nezha said to Li Jing, his father who once worked in a steel factory. Li Jing said sadly, “I realize that progress shouldn’t harm our e 4 .” Nezha decided to i 5 the situation, and gathered all villagers. They removed plastic waste and planted new trees. Although the task seemed i 6 at first, their hard work started showing results. Nezha’s mother, Yin Shi, organized women to clean the block around the ancient temple. “We must c 7 until every street shines,” she said, her hands covered in mud. Even the children helped, carrying water in tiny buckets. After months of effort, fish r 8 to the rivers. At a village meeting, old Mr. Wang said, “This is the most fantastic view I’ve seen s 9 my childhood!” Everyone cheered when a butterfly landed on Nezha’s shoulder. Nowadays, the villagers keep in touch through online groups to p 10 their home. As Nezha says, “True magic isn’t about fighting monsters, but guarding the beauty around us.” 重难语篇练习 “Reduce, reuse, recycle” these are the three Rs that environmental activists have stressed. But how can we realize them? Recently, this idea has c 1 to life in a famous attraction in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu Province. With the arrival of the tourist season, the attraction has been c 2 with visitors around 20,000 a day since July. With so many people, the challenge of dealing with r 3 has become more serious, putting cleaners under pressure. So, the attraction came up with a fun way to help: “Trash-hunt-for-gifts.” Here’s how it works: Visitors are given trash bags and encouraged to pick up litter around the site. In r 4 they get small gifts showing Dunhuang’s rich culture. Isn’t this another good way to show the three Rs spirit? I still remember going to some tourist attractions, especially h 5 sites which have hundreds of years of history are gathered by people in such a small area. At these places, littering is something we always have to try hard to deal w 6 . Not only does it influence the cleanliness of a site, but it is also likely to harm the natural environment. So, when I saw how the “Trash-hunt-for-gifts” program was carried out, it was clear this way was more than just a trick to a 7 attention. It was truly an effort to encourage a culture of responsibility and care. The activity does more than just cleaning up the area. It changes every visitor into an environmental guard, taking part in p 8 the beauty of the site. Over 15,000 tourists have been m 9 of “the Trash-hunt-for-gifts” since 2024. Other places in China are also doing similar things. It’s great to see that tourists are not just enjoying the sights, but also helping to protect them. T 10 tourists into environmental guards is a new and exciting way to keep our scenic spots clean and beautiful for everyone to enjoy. 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。 For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 1 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 2 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 3 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 4 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 5 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 6 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 7 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 8 . It’s said that Anji p 9 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 10 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $