Unit 7 必背知识清单 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦译林版牛津英语八下Unit 7 Charities核心内容，系统梳理Welcome to the unit和Reading板块的重点词汇、句型及语法知识。从基础词汇如found的多义性、medical的词性转换，到情态动词被动语态等语法结构，再到afford to do、carry on with等实用搭配，构建从词汇理解到语法应用的学习支架。 知识链路以“词汇辨析-语法解析-语用拓展”为逻辑主线，通过aim/goal/purpose等词汇对比、被动语态结构示例及go to hospital与go to the hospital等用法区分，培养学生语言能力。每个知识点配典型例句和应用场景，助力思维品质提升，同时提供清晰的学习策略，增强学习能力，适合教学中夯实基础与拓展应用。

Read and recite it one more time, and you'll really get the hang of it. --- Allan 2025译林版牛津英语八下学霸必背知识清单 Unit 7 Charities Welcome to the unit 1.It was founded in 1982. 它成立于1982年。 · found vt. 创建；建立（过去分词/过去式为founded） Her family founded the company in 2005. 她的家族于2005年创办了这家公司。 This club was founded by students. 这个社团是由学生们创立的。 · found v. 找到；发现（为find的过去式和过去分词） He found a beautiful shell on the beach. 他在海滩上找到了一个漂亮的贝壳。 2.There are about 6,000 medical volunteers in this organization. 这个机构大约有6000名医疗志愿者。 · medical adj. 医疗的（作前置定语） medical care 医疗保健 medical service 医疗服务 medical research 医学研究 medical treatment 医疗 The hospital offers free medical service. 这家医院提供免费医疗服务。 She is getting good medical treatment. 她正在接受良好的治疗。 We should learn basic medical knowledge. 我们应该学习基础医疗知识。 · medicine n. 医学；药（泛指药时，不可数） Don’t forget to take the medicine twice a day. 别忘了一天吃两次药。 She wants to study medicine when she grows up. 她长大后想要学医。 · organization n. 组织, 机构 → organize v. 组织 We plan to organize a warm volunteer activity this weekend. 我们计划这周末组织一场暖心的志愿活动。 She joined a great organization to do public service work. 她加入了优秀的机构去做公益工作。 Reading 1.Over one billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. 全世界有超过10亿人患有不同类型的眼疾, 其中约90%的病例是可以预防或治愈的。 · billion n. 十亿 （用法与hundred、thousand、million相同, 即前面有具体数词时, 后不加s也不接of；前面没有具体数词, 后加s, 且与of连用） hundreds of 数以百计的 thousands of 数以千计的 millions of 数以百万计的 billions of 数以十亿计的 The population of China is over 1.4 billion. 中国的人口超过14亿。 Billions of stars are shining in the dark sky. 数十亿颗星星在漆黑的夜空中闪耀。 · can be prevented or cured为含有情态动词的被动语态, 其基本结构为"情态动词+be+过去分词"；变为否定句时, 应在情态动词后面加not; 变为一般疑问句时, 应将情态动词移到句首。 Students should be allowed to make decisions by themselves. 学生应该被允许自己做决定。 Can the sentence be translated this way? 这个句子可以这样翻译吗? 2. Orbis's Flying Eye Hospital Project was started in 1982 with the aim of helping patients in poor areas. 奥比斯眼科飞行医院项目始于1982年,目的是帮助贫困地区的病人。 · aim n. 目的, 目标 set an aim 设定目标 the aim of sth./doing sth. 某事/做某事的目的 achieve one's aim 实现某人的目标 The aim of this activity is to help poor children. 这次活动的目的是帮助贫困儿童。 We held a charity sale with the aim of raising money for the sick kid. 我们举办了一场慈善义卖, 目的是为那个生病的孩子筹款。 She studies hard every day to achieve her aim of entering a good high school. 她每天努力学习,为的是实现考入一所好高中的目标。 · aim 小目标，努力去做到； goal 大志向，人生终极向往； purpose 为啥做，重在用意与缘由 My aim is to finish today's tasks on time.我的目标是按时完成今日任务。 My lifelong goal is to become a helpful doctor.我毕生的理想是成为一名乐于助人的医生。 The main purpose of this activity is to help others.这场活动的主要用意是帮助他人。 · patient n. 病人 see a patient 看望病人 operate on a patient 给病人做手术 The patient is feeling better today. 这位病人今天感觉好多了。 My uncle is a doctor and he treats many patients every day. 我的叔叔是医生，他每天要给很多病人治疗。 · patient adj. 有耐心的 → impatient adj. 不耐烦的 be patient with sb./sth. 对某人/某事有耐心 be patient to do sth. 耐心做某事 We should be patient with every student around us in daily life. 在日常生活中我们应当耐心对待身边每一位同学。 You need to be patient to learn all kinds of useful new knowledge. 你需要静下心来耐心学习各类实用的新知识。 3. Many of our patients can't afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 我们许多病人负担不起去医院看病的费用，所以我们只能上门为他们诊治。 · afford vt. 能做, 买得起（常用在can、could、be able to等之后） afford sth. 买得起某物 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 Tom can't afford the violin because it's too expensive. 汤姆买不起那把小提琴,因为它太贵了。 I hope I can afford to buy a big house one day. 我希望有一天我能买得起一所大房子。 · go to hospital 去医院看病 = go to a doctor = see a doctor go to the hospital 去医院（工作或看望病人） If you feel badly ill, you should go to hospital at once. 如果你身体严重不适，就应该立刻前去就医看病。 My mother is a nurse and she has to go to the hospital every weekday. 我的妈妈是一名护士，她平日里都要去医院上班。 4. By training them, we hope more people will benefit from this. 通过培训他们, 我们希望更多的人从中受益。 · train vt.&vi. 培训, 训练 train for sth. 为某事而训练 train sb. to do sth. 训练/培养某人做某事 They are training for the boat race. 他们正在为(迎战)划船比赛而进行训练。 He wants to train the parrot to say "hello". 他想训练这只鹦鹉说"你好"。 · train n. 火车 by train 乘火车 We can go to that beautiful city easily by train on holidays.我们可以在假期里乘坐火车轻松去往那座美丽的城市。 They went to the training centre by train to train for the coming match.他们乘火车去训练中心为即将到来的比赛进行训练。 · training un. 训练, 培训 receive training (in...) 接受(……方面的)训练 These volunteers receive special training before they start their work. 这些志愿者在开展工作之前都会接受专业的培训。 · benefit vi. 得益于, 得利于 vt. 使受益 benefit from/by sth. 从……中受益 benefit sb./sth. 有益于某 Everyone can benefit from/by doing some volunteer work. 每个人都能从做志愿工作中受益。 Doing more sports can greatly benefit our health in daily life. 平日里多做运动能够极大地有益于我们的身体健康。 5. During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. 在我上一次出诊期间, 有150名患者接受了手术。 · operate vi. 动手术 operate on ... 给……做手术 = do an operation on...（注意在被动结构中不要漏掉on） The doctor will operate on (= do an operation on) his mother at once. 那位医生将马上为他的母亲做手术。 · operate v. 操作；使运行 Tom can operate the new machine by himself. 汤姆能独立操作这台机器。 6. We're proud to help people see again. 我们很自豪能帮助人们重见光明。 · be proud to do 很自豪做某事 = take pride in doing sth We are proud to take part in (=take pride in taking part in) the food donation programme. 我们很自豪能参与这次食物捐赠活动。 · be proud of = take pride in 为……感到自豪 My parents are proud of/take pride in my success in this competition. 我父母为我在这次比赛中的成功感到骄傲。 7. ... now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured.…… 现在大多数眼部问题和疾病都可以得到治疗甚至治愈。 · treat vt. 医治; 以……方式对待 → treatment n. 治疗; 待遇 treat sb. with sth. 用……给某人治疗 We can treat a cold with hot water and rest in most cases. 在大多数情况下, 我们可以用多喝热水和休息的方式治疗感冒。 · treat vt. 以……方式对待 treat sb. kindly 友善带人 treat sb. as/like ... 把某人看作...... As an old saying goes, "Treat others how you want to be treated." 常言道:"己所不欲,勿施于人。" We should treat every friend as our family member. 我们应该把每个朋友都当作家人。 We must treat the elderly with kindness and patience. 我们必须以友善和耐心的态度对待老人。 · treat n. 款待; 招待 my treat 我请客（口语中） Let's go out for lunch--my treat.我们出去吃午饭吧,我请客。 8. But we need more money to carry on with our work. 但我们需要更多的钱来继续开展工作。 · carry on 继续做（=go on/continue） carry on with ... 继续开展/做...... carry on doing sth. 继续做某事 Carry on with your work while I'm away. 我不在时你要接着干。 Don't stop! Carry on! 别停下! 继续!` The teachers carry on teaching the students in the village though life there is hard. 尽管村庄生活艰苦,老师们还是继续给那里的学生上课。 · 其他含有on的短语: work on 从事, 致力于 live on 以……为食; 靠……生活 turn on 打开 come on 快点; 加油 put on 穿上 depend on 依赖; 取决于 call on 号召 try on 试穿 get on 上车 9. I'm sure this interview will help more people understand and support your important work. 我相信这次采访会帮助更多的人理解和支持你们的重要工作。 · interview n./vt. 采访, 访谈; 面试 have an interview with sb. = interview sb. 采访某人 a job interview 求职面试 We will have an interview with that kind doctor next week. 我们下周将要去采访那位善良的医生。 Many young people are ready for this important job interview. 许多年轻人都在为这场重要的求职面试做好准备。 The reporter wants to interview some volunteers about their work. 这位记者想要采访一些志愿者了解他们的工作。 · interviewer n. 采访者 → interviewee n. 被采访者 An interviewer is a person who asks someone questions in an interview. An interviewee is a person who is interviewed. 采访者就是在访谈中向他人提问的人。被采访者就是接受采访的人。 10. For this, I am forever grateful.为此, 我永远心存感激。 · grateful adj. 感激的 = thankful be grateful to sb.(for sth.) (因为某事)对某人心存感激 be grateful to do sth. 很感激做某事 I am very grateful to all the teachers for their help. 我非常感谢所有老师的帮助。 We are grateful to have such a kind and patient teacher. 我们很感激能拥有一位如此善良又有耐心的老师。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $