Unit 5 主题阅读训练2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 以“交换生学习中国礼仪”为情境，整合常规、尊师、做客礼仪三大模块，通过细节理解、词义猜测等题型渗透阅读策略，构建“文化认知-语言运用-思维发展”的逻辑体系。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |常规礼仪|1问答+1思维导图|通过语篇解读定位关键信息，思维导图梳理礼仪要点|从“必须知道的礼仪”切入，建立礼仪文化基本认知，培养信息提取与归纳能力| |尊师礼仪|3选择|细节理解题定位原文信息，词义猜测题结合语境推断，标题归纳题概括主旨|追溯古代教师节历史，衔接现代尊师传统，深化文化意识与逻辑分析能力| |做客礼仪|5补全+2问答|补全题依据上下文逻辑匹配选项，开放题联系生活实际表达|聚焦具体社交场景，从礼物准备到离席礼仪，提升跨文化沟通与语言表达能力|

8B Unit 5 主题阅读训练 主题介绍：Edward来到阳光中学的八年级一班做交换生。为了让自己在中国的生活和学习更加顺利，他计划学习一些中国的礼仪文化。Millie作为他的同学，在了解到他的意愿后，决定帮助他。 I. 常规礼仪 Millie告诉Edward中国有很多礼仪文化，而且中国地域辽阔、人口众多，不同地区还有着当地特色的礼仪文化。于是Edward决定先了解一些必须要知道的礼仪文化。 It is impossible to name all Chinese customs in a single article. Even so, in this passage we bring you several Chinese customs and traditions that you should know. Here we go! Chinese usually do not show their feelings openly, also avoiding any unnecessary body touch. The Chinese feel uncomfortable about people kissing each other on the face. In fact, shaking hands was also not so acceptable in the past. For them it is enough to make a small nod or bow when greeting. As the country gradually lets Western traditions in, people are used to shaking hands to greet. Many food manners must be followed strictly at meals. Some details should be paid much attention to by both guests and hosts. In China, the older guests are always seated first, and then others can take their seats. Food manners are also very important. Chopsticks should never be placed upwards in food. And to eat you must put your mouth close to your own bowl. The Chinese have the habit and skill of being able to sleep anywhere at any time. It doesn't matter if it's on the break from work, beside the street or waiting in a supermarket. This Chinese custom has nothing to do with laziness—quite the opposite. In China, sleeping for a short time in public places is considered a symbol of effort. For example, a photo of a sleeping doctor in the corner of the operating room spread quickly and wildly online. Thousands of netizens gave the photo a "like" to show their respect to the doctor. So, this person has been putting a lot of effort into his work and it is right that he should sleep as he likes. Many of you have already known it's polite not to open gifts in public. But that's not the only important thing to know when receiving gifts in China. For example, the Chinese will usually refuse your gift up to three times to show they are well educated. But in the end, they're willing to accept it. And remember not to receive the gift with only one hand. Question: Why did the writer choose to introduce these customs and traditions in this passage? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Edward将自己需要注意的礼仪制成了思维导图，我们帮他补充完整吧！（每空一词） II. 尊师礼仪 Edward在了解了中国人会在秋季开学的时候庆祝教师节，而且大家都非常尊重老师后，他想更加深入地了解中国人尊师的传统。 Chinese Teachers' Day is a festival celebrating the over 2, 000-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China. The history of Teachers' Day dates back to the Han Dynasty. According to records, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 of the lunar calendar each year, the birthday of Confucius, the emperor would go to the Confucius Temple and worship the great teacher, and would also invite royal teachers to dinner. And on that day, teachers enjoyed a one-day vacation and were given dried meat as gifts. Besides, best teachers who were chosen from the whole country would be given 500 liang silver coins each as prizes. In the Qing Dynasty, well-performing teachers would be given official titles or promoted to higher positions. Normally, in ancient times, there was no fixed tuition fee; the parents paid with money or food. In private schools, teachers would receive money or gifts from the host family at certain festivals or at the beginning and end of each term. The festivals at which teachers received gifts were different in different areas, while the most valued ones were the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival and Chinese New Year, as well as Confucius' birthday and the private teacher's birthday. Among all the gift-giving festivals, the first meeting gift was a must. There was a tradition that when students met their teachers for the first time, they needed to kowtow to Confucius' picture and then to their private teachers, before giving their teachers a "gift". 1. Which of the following is TRUE in ancient times according to the passage? ① Food could be used as tuition. ② On Confucius' birthday, teachers would have a day off. ③ The history of Teachers' Day started from the Han Dynasty. ④ Students didn't prepare gifts when meeting their teachers for the first time. A. ①② B. ②③④ C. ①②③ D. ①③④ 2. The underlined word "promoted" might mean "______" in Chinese. A. 赞美 B. 晋升 C. 促销 D. 宣传 3. What's the best title for the passage? A. How to Respect Teachers B. The Greatest Teacher in China C. Teachers' Day in Ancient China D. Tuition Fee in the Han Dynasty III.做客礼仪 Millie邀请Edward到家里吃饭，Edward答应了。这是他第一次登门拜访中国同学，他打算带些礼物送给Millie的家人，但是他不知道应该送什么，也不了解中国的做客礼仪。我们一起来帮帮他吧！（有两项多余） Chinese love to invite friends to their homes for dinner. For foreigners, they often need to learn something about some special manners after receiving the invitations. A gift is necessary when one is invited to visit friends in China. 1. ______ usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person who gives it. To show respect, it may be necessary to explain what the gift is. Bringing some nutrients and tonics to the elders in the family is a good idea. You can also prepare some small gifts for the kids of the host. The host usually makes full preparations by carefully tidying up the house and cooking a lot of delicious dishes. Although the meal is well prepared, the host may say to the guest politely, "2. ______" As a guest, you should make the host believe that there is plenty to eat by praising the food. Remember that While eating, the elders will use chopsticks to pick up food for guests as a tradition and ask them to eat more. 3. ______ But nowadays the younger people do the traditional way less. 4. ______ When the guests are ready to leave, the host may still politely ask them to stay. They don't have to take it seriously. And they can try to find a good time to leave. This doesn't mean that leaving early is always a good idea as the host may feel that the guests are not satisfied with the treat. 5. ______ A. After dinner, tea and fruits are usually served. B. After doing that, you should greet them politely. C. As a guest, you should accept their goodwill readily. D. Finding the right time to leave depends on the situation. E. As a host, you should prepare things well and enjoy yourself. F. After greetings, the gift should be passed to the host at once. G. My preparation is not enough, so please excuse me for my poor treat. Questions: If you are one of Edward's classmates. . . 1. What gifts would you advise him to give? 2. What Chinese manners do you think Edward must know before going to Millie's home? I. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了中国的一些习俗及传统。 Question: Because they are something that we/you should know. 【思维导图】 1. need 2. accepted/welcome/welcomed/acceptable 3. Following 4. Never/Don't 5. close 6. effort 7. surprising/strange/unusual 8. politely/properly 9. before 10. both/two II. 1-3 CBC 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了中国古代的教师节以及古时候学生们尊师重道的传统礼节。 1. C解析:细节理解题。根据"Among all the gift-giving festivals, the first meeting gift was a must. "可知, 在古代, 当学生初次拜见老师时, 拜师礼是必不可少的。选项4错误。根据"The history of Teachers' Day. . . Han Dynasty. "可知选项3正确。故选C。 2. B解析:词义猜测题。根据"In the Qing Dynasty, well-performing teachers would be given official titles or promoted to higher positions. "可知, 在清朝, 表现良好的教师会晋升到更高的职位, 故推测画线部分单词意为"晋升"。故选B。 3. C解析:标题归纳题。通读全文可知, 本文主要介绍了中国古时候的教师节及人们尊敬老师的礼节, 故C项"Teachers' Day in Ancient China"最适合作本文标题。故选C. III. 1-5 FGCAD 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了有关去中国家庭做客的一些礼仪。 1. F解析:根据"Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person who gives it"可知, 此处应提到"礼物", F选项"问候之后, 礼物应立即递给主人。"符合, 故选F。 2. G解析:根据"Although the meal is well prepared, the host may say to the guest politely"可知, 此处应是主人说的礼貌性的话语, G选项"我准备得不够充分, 请原谅我招待得不好。"符合, 故选G。 3. C解析:根据"While eating, the elders will use chopsticks to pick up food for guests as a tradition and ask them to eat more. "可知, 此处提到了长辈给客人夹菜的习惯, C选项"作为客人, 你应该欣然接受他们的好意。"符合, 故选C。 4. A解析:根据"While eating, the elders will use chopsticks to pick up food for guests as a tradition and ask them to eat more. "及"When the guests are to leave, the host may still politely ask them to stay. "可知, 此处应提到的是饭后到离开之前所做的事情, A选项"晚饭后, 通常端上茶和水果。"符合, 故选A。 5. D解析:根据"This doesn't mean that leaving early is always a good idea as the host may feel that the guests are not satisfied with the treat. "可知, 此处应提到应该什么时候离开, D选项"找到合适的时间离开取决于具体情况。"符合, 故选D。 Questions: 1. Something Millie likes and some fruits for her family. (言之有理即可) 2. He should arrive at Millie's home on time. (言之有理即可) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $