上海市2025-2026学年八年级第二学期期末英语模拟练习卷

**基本信息** 以张衡发明、科技对话等真实情境为载体，融合语法词汇与读写能力考查，注重文化传承与思维培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|10题/10分|冠词、连词、非谓语等|以张衡地动仪发明为语篇，渗透文化自信| |阅读理解|4篇/35分|科技史、环保、通信发展等|B篇探讨快餐真实成本，培养批判性思维；D篇社区花园故事考查细节推理| |写作|1题/15分|建议类邮件写作|针对学习压力提策略，贴近学生生活，提升语言运用与学习能力|

2026年上海市八年级第二学期期末英语模拟练习卷 (沪教版五四学制2024版上海专用) Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary(第二部分 语法和词汇) I. Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案) (10分) The Story of Zhang Heng — The Ancient Inventor Zhang Heng was _ outstanding scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He showed great interest in the stars and the Earth. At that time, people knew little about why earthquakes happened. Zhang Heng preferred using simple and clever machines _ complex and costly methods to predict natural events. He decided to invent a device to detect earthquakes. He spent many years studying metal and mechanics. _ most of his early models failed to work correctly, he continued his research. He kept testing different designs and materials like bronze and jade. One day, Zhang Heng realized that _ a large bronze vessel with eight dragons could show the direction of an earthquake. Full of joy, he quickly improved his invention. He wanted to create a machine _ people could feel safer during earthquakes. Finally, in 132 AD, Zhang Heng succeeded. He presented his seismoscope to the court. _ amazing invention it was! The emperor was surprised and rewarded him. Zhang Heng’s invention spread to other countries later. His device became _ important that many historians consider him a pioneer of seismology. Nothing _ the world more than Zhang Heng’s seismoscope in ancient times. Even today, scientists admire his great mind. Whoever learns about Zhang Heng will respect _ deep understanding of nature. His spirit pushes us _ new challenges in science bravely. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. for B. to C. than 3. A. Although B. Because C. Unless 4. A. use B. to use C. using 5. A. so that B. because C. when 6. A. What a B. What C. How 7. A. so B. too C. such 8. A. changes B. has changed C. changed 9. A. he B. his C. him 10. A. accept B. accepting C. to accept III. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once. 将下列单词或词组的选项填入空格。每空限填一词,每词只能填一次 A. ancient B. value C. excited D. treat E. achievement F. spare I work as a volunteer at the City Library in my _11_ time. My favorite part is introducing old maps to visitors. These maps come from different _12_ dynasties. I often show a silk road map from the Tang Dynasty. Though it looks simple, historians _13_ it a lot for its cultural meaning. Besides, there are many other historical maps. Nowadays, people usually _14_ these maps as records of the past, not just as directions. This work brings me a strong sense of _15_. I truly enjoy sharing the stories behind these beautiful maps. IV. Complete the dialogue as required. (按要求完成对话) (10分) At the school science club, Tom and Emma are talking about their favorite scientific discoveries. Tom: Hi, Emma! Our science teacher says we will study great inventions this term. Do you have a favorite one? Emma: Yes, I really love the invention of the telephone by Alexander Bell. _16_? (询问对方最喜欢的发明) Tom: Mine is the light bulb by Thomas Edison. It changed the world completely. Why do you like the telephone so much? Emma: _17_. (根据上下文给出理由) It made long-distance communication possible and brought people closer. Tom: Um...you like it because it connects people easily and quickly. _18_? (寻求确认) Emma: Yes, that’s correct! Besides, I think inventions like the telephone show how human creativity can solve real problems. Tom: _19_. (表示赞同) By the way, would you like to visit the Science and Technology Museum with me next Saturday? Emma: Yes, I’d love to. Tom: Great! Let’s meet at the museum entrance at 10 a.m., _20_? (反意疑问句) Emma: Sure! See you then! Part 3 Reading and Writing(第三部分 读写) V. Reading comprehension. (阅读理解) (共35分) A. Read the passage and complete the task. (阅读短文,选择最恰当的答案) (共5分) There are five descriptions of money plans (A-E). Great ways to manage your money A. The Lion Account: It’s perfect for long-term saving. You must not touch your money for ten full years, but we will tell you exactly how much you will earn at the end. B. The Green Plan: Help the environment! We only invest in companies that protect forests and wildlife. This is a slow plan, and the final amount is not completely sure. C. The Red Fund: Great for people who love technology. You can invest in new software and AI companies. Prices change quickly, so you could win or lose a lot. D. The Spring Account: Keep your money 100% safe. You won’t earn much, but you can take out your cash anytime without any cost for emergencies. E. The Mountain Group: New to investing? Let our experts do the work. We put your money into a careful mix of safe options. A great way to keep risks low. Task: The people below all want to find a good place to put their money. Decide which plan would be the most suitable for each person. _21_ Tom needs a very safe place for his savings. He might need his money back in a day without paying extra fees. _22_ Lisa cares about the Earth. She wants to support green businesses. She plans to wait a long time and accepts that the value may change. _23_ Peter has some extra money but is a beginner. He wants professionals to choose for him. He hopes to lower risks by investing in different areas. _24_ Mike loves the internet and new tech. He wants to make money fast and is willing to take big risks. He prefers using an app to trade. _25_ Anna will retire next year. She wants to put her money away for exactly ten years and needs a clear promise about the final amount. B. Choose the best answer. (根据短文内容,选择最恰当的答案) (5分) Have you ever felt excited about cheap and tasty food from fast-food restaurants? You can eat a meal without spending much money. But have you ever stopped to think: Why is this food so cheap? The answer lies in something called “fast food culture”. “Fast food” refers to how the food industry produces large amounts of cheap meals and delivers them to stores quickly. The low prices encourage people to buy fast food often. However, many of these meals are high in fat and salt and low in nutrition. Their price tags also do not include the health and environmental costs behind them. “The problem starts with how we think about food,” says Dr. Lee, a health researcher. “Nowadays, many people eat fast food several times a week. They choose it for convenience and taste, not for health,” he says. Even if a burger seems cheap, you might pay much more for medical care later. Besides, fast food pollutes the environment seriously. A study by Dr. Lee’s team found that the fast food industry leads to a large amount of packaging waste and water pollution. When you buy a fast-food meal, you are not just paying money to the restaurant. You are also creating plastic waste and supporting factory farming. The “low cost” of the meal is actually paid by our planet. It is really attractive to get cheap meals easily. But just like there is no “free lunch” in the world, the low prices of fast food bring a heavy cost to our health and the Earth. We should not only look for the cheapest food. Instead, we can think about the real cost of what we eat — for our body and for our world. 26. “Fast food” in this passage refers to _. A. a healthy eating habit B. a way to save time and money C. a kind of expensive meal D. a traditional cooking method 27. Why does the writer mention “you might pay much more for medical care later” in Paragraph 3? A. To show fast food is cheap at first but costly later. B. To encourage people to cook at home. C. To explain how to eat healthily. D. To describe hospital costs. 28. Which of the following is NOT true when you buy a fast-food meal? A. You support factory farming. B. You create plastic waste. C. You pay only for the food. D. You affect the environment. 29. The underlined word “convenience” means “_”. A. price B. taste C. easiness D. safety 30. What does the writer want to tell us? A. To stop eating fast food completely. B. To think about the real cost of fast food. C. To open more healthy restaurants. D. To make fast food more expensive. C. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或短语完成短文) (12分) For thousands of years, humans have tried to find ways to communicate over long distances. In the past, sending a message was often _31_ and slow. People needed to find better ways to share news. The problem is that messages can be lost or delayed. To communicate well, you need a reliable system. Smoke Signals Smoke signals are one of the oldest _32_ of long-distance communication. People used fire and smoke to send simple messages from mountain to mountain. In ancient China and North America, guards on the Great Wall or hills used smoke during the day and fire at night. _33_, one puff of smoke might mean “enemy approaching”, while two puffs meant “all clear”. This method was fast but limited. Pigeon Post Carrier pigeons (信鸽) have a natural ability to find their way home. People wrote small messages on paper and tied them to the pigeons’ legs. In many countries, pigeon post became a traditional way to send urgent news. For example, during wars, soldiers _34_ to use pigeons when other methods failed. Pigeons could fly faster than a horse rider. Telegraph In the 1830s, an inventor named Samuel Morse discovered a more modern way. He found that sending electric signals through wires could transmit messages instantly. This is because electricity travels at very high _35_ and does not need roads or horses. Morse invented a code of dots and dashes for each letter. Internet In the late 20th century, scientists created the Internet. It _36_ the growth of global communication completely. Now people can send texts, pictures, and videos in seconds. The Internet has become the most powerful communication tool in human history. 31. A. convenient B. possible C. difficult D. cheap 32. A. types B. results C. reasons D. chances 33. A. After all B. For example C. In addition D. At first 34. A. preferred B. forgot C. prepared D. refused 35. A. degrees B. speeds C. temperatures D. levels 36. A. let down B. turned down C. sped up D. slowed down D. Answer the questions (根据以下内容回答问题) (13分) Each day after school when other teenagers play video games or watch TV, Maya goes to the community garden. Everyone she knows thinks this is unusual, even her best friend. She has few close friends at school. The plants and flowers in the garden are Maya’s companions. Today, Maya rushes to the garden after school because a new butterfly garden area is opening — The Pollinator Paradise. Each section of the garden shows a different type of flower to attract butterflies. Maya sits on a wooden bench and looks at a purple lavender bush. She likes the soft color and the sweet smell, so she takes out her sketchbook and begins to draw. People come and go from the garden path, but Maya sits for a long time. After a while, there is only one other woman left in the garden. Later, the woman stands up and seems to leave, but she stops next to Maya. Maya’s drawing shows a butterfly resting on a lavender flower with great detail. “That’s a wonderful way of seeing nature,” the woman comments. Maya is surprised. She never shows her artwork to anyone because she fears it isn’t good enough. “I love your use of color and shadow,” the woman adds. “I try to do the same in my own work.” Maya notices the woman’s hands are dirty with soil. In her bag, there are several small gardening tools and a notebook full of flower sketches. The notebook has a name on the cover. “You are Dr. Elena Green, the famous botanist!” Maya cries out. She can’t believe she is talking to the scientist who wrote her favorite book on flowers. “That’s right,” Dr. Green replies. “I’m Maya. One day, I want to be a botanist like you,” Maya tells her. Dr. Green smiles and shakes her head. She points to Maya’s sketchbook. “_,” she says. Maya is speechless with joy. She does not say anything else, and neither does Dr. Green. They just sit quietly in the garden, drawing and observing nature together as friends. 37. What does Maya do every day after school? _ 38. Why does Maya take out her sketchbook and begin to draw? _ 39. What does Maya show in her drawing? _ 40. How does Maya know the woman is Dr. Elena Green? Give two clues from the story. _ 41. What does Dr. Green probably say to Maya? Fill in the blank with one sentence. _ 42. After this meeting, do you think Maya will show her drawings to her classmates? Why or why not? _ VI. Writing (写作) (共15分) 43. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation. 假设你是李华,你的朋友王梅最近因为学习成绩不理想而感到压力很大,她每天学习到很晚,周末也不敢休息,但是成绩却没有明显提高。她向你寻求帮助。请你给她写一封邮件,提出至少两条建议帮助她改善现状,并说明理由。 (注意:文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称) To: Wang Mei From: Li Hua Subject: My suggestions for you Dear Wang Mei, _ Yours, Li Hua 答案 Part 2 I. Choose the best answer 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. C III. Complete the passage 11. F 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. E IV. Complete the dialogue 16. What is your favourite invention 17. Because it allows people to talk to each other from far away 18. Is that correct 19. I agree with you 20. shall we Part 3 V. Reading comprehension A. Matching 21. D 22. B 23. E 24. C 25. A B. Choose the best answer 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B C. Cloze 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. C D. Answer the questions 37. She goes to the community garden. 38. Because she likes the soft color and sweet smell of the lavender bush. 39. A butterfly resting on a lavender flower with great detail. 40. Clue 1: Her hands were dirty with soil. Clue 2: Her notebook had the name Dr. Elena Green on the cover. 41. You are already an artist / You are already a botanist in your own way / Keep drawing, Maya, that’s how science begins. 42. (Open answer) Yes, because she now feels confident after being praised by a famous scientist. / No, because she still worries about others’ opinions, but maybe she will try. VI. Writing (参考范文) Dear Wang Mei, I know you are feeling stressed about your studies. Don’t worry too much. Here are my suggestions. First, make a reasonable study plan instead of studying late every night. Rest is important for your brain to work well. Second, try to take short breaks and do some exercise. It can help you relax and focus better. Remember, quality is more important than quantity. Hard work is good, but smart work is better. I believe you will improve soon. Yours, Li Hua 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $