专题09 阅读理解（说明文）30篇（期末真题汇编，浙江专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 精选浙江各地市八年级下期末说明文阅读真题30篇，涵盖科技、自然、文化等主题，注重信息获取与思维训练。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|30篇120题|细节理解（如冰川保护方法）、推理判断（如作者目的）、主旨归纳（如“Paper of Ages”含义）、结构分析（如文章结构题）|情境时代性（如人形机器人马拉松）、问题层次分明（基础到能力）、贴近生活（如体重管理计划）|

专题09 阅读理解（说明文）30篇 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末） ①A new report from the United Nations said that glaciers (冰川) are melting (融化) faster than ever before. This is a problem because many people depend on these glaciers for their food and water. To solve it, China is using some smart ideas to make glaciers melt slowly. ②One idea is to use special glacier blankets (毯子). At Dagu Glacier in Sichuan, scientists covered a 500-square-meter area with blankets made of geotextiles (土工织物) . The blankets stopped the glacier from getting too hot from the sun, which slowed melting by about 34% from August 2020 to October 2021. Another test used very thin, high-tech blankets on Glacier No. 1 in Xinjiang. They worked best in summer. The test showed they slowed melting by up to 70% during the hottest months. ③Scientists also create artificial snow (人造雪) to help glaciers stay cooler and melt more slowly. In April and May 2023, scientists did this in the Bailanghe Glacier in the Qilian Mountains. This project used rockets to make snow. The glacier grew 5.9% bigger. ④Besides, China also tries to watch glaciers carefully. Now drones (无人机) and satellites (卫星) are used to monitor (监控) glaciers. ⑤China’s good actions have made a difference to protecting glaciers. These actions not only slow down melting but also provide important experience for global climate actions. 1．How many ways has China used to make glaciers melt slowly? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 2．How can glacier blankets help protect glaciers? A．They help produce more water. B．They help glaciers grow bigger. C．They stop glaciers from getting hot. D．They keep watch on the change of glaciers. 3．Why did the writer write this article? A．To explain why glaciers are melting. B．To introduce China’s ways to protect glaciers. C．To describe different beautiful glaciers in China. D．To compare different technologies around the world. 4．What is the structure (结构) of this article? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国为减缓冰川融化所采取的措施。 1．细节理解题。根据文章②段“use special glacier blankets”、③段“create artificial snow”、④段“watch glaciers carefully”，可知中国用了三种方法让冰川融化变慢。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第②段“The blankets stopped the glacier from getting too hot from the sun”可知，冰川毯能阻止冰川因太阳照射变热。故选C 。 3．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍中国保护冰川的几种方法。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。①段总述冰川融化问题及中国采取措施；②③④段分别讲三种措施；⑤段总结这些措施的意义，是“总-分-总”结构。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·浙江台州·期末） There are large birds in many countries, but the ostrich (鸵鸟) is the largest, heaviest and tallest of them all. It can weigh as much as 150 kg and can be nearly two metres tall. Ostriches are the fastest birds on land. They can run up to 70 kmph. But they cannot fly. Ostriches live in Africa in dry savannah (稀树草原) or desert conditions. They usually live in groups of ten to fifty birds. They eat mainly seeds, shrubs, fruits, flowers and small insects. They can live without drinking water for several days. It is no surprise that they have the largest egg of any living bird. Eating one ostrich egg is about the same as eating 24 hen’s eggs! An ostrich egg is 15 cm long, 13 cm wide and weighs 1.4kg. The females lay up to 60 eggs in a year. Ostriches make holes in the sand for their nests. The nest is called “a dump”. The females all share this nest. It can hold up to 60 eggs. People used to believe that ostriches hid their heads in the sand so as not to be seen! This is not true. Probably, they are digging out sand or pebbles (鹅卵石) to help their digestion (消化). Or they may be turning the eggs in their nests. There is a saying that people behave like an ostrich if they don’t want to face a problem. We say, “Don’t bury your head in the sand.” The female ostrich has grey feathers (羽毛) while the male ostrich has black and white feathers. People have used ostrich feathers in fashion for a long time. In the 1920s, rich women and performers loved wearing big fans and hats with these feathers. And they are still used today for decoration. In South Africa, ostriches are even ridden in races, but the riders have to be very careful. A kick from an ostrich can kill. 1．What can we know about ostriches in paragraph 2? ① Height.            ② Food.                ③ Sleeping time.        ④ Living habits. A．②④ B．②③ C．①④ D．①③ 2．What does the word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The ostrich. B．The sand. C．The dump. D．The dry savannah. 3．What does the saying “Don’t bury your head in the sand” mean? A．Try to face problems. B．Get out of a difficult situation. C．Protect yourself from an ostrich. D．Hide your feelings from others. 4．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To introduce ostriches in different ways. B．To compare ostriches with other large birds. C．To share a personal story about seeing ostriches. D．To persuade (说服) readers to protect ostriches in the wild. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了鸵鸟的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“Ostriches live in Africa in dry savannah (稀树草原) or desert conditions. They usually live in groups of ten to fifty birds. They eat mainly seeds, shrubs, fruits, flowers and small insects. They can live without drinking water for several days.”可知文中提到“鸵鸟通常生活在干燥的稀树草原或沙漠地带”(生活习性)以及“它们主要吃种子、灌木、果实、花和小昆虫”(食物)，②④符合。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。句子“It can hold up to 60 eggs.”的前面提到“The nest is called ‘a dump’”，可知此处“it”指代的就是“a dump”（那个巢），故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“There is a saying that people behave like an ostrich if they don’t want to face a problem. ”可知人们不想面对问题时会像鸵鸟一样举止，故“Don’t bury your head in the sand.”的寓意是“不要逃避问题，要勇敢面对”，与选项A“Try to face problems.”一致。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要从多方面介绍了鸵鸟的特点、生活习性等，目的是对鸵鸟进行介绍，故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·浙江丽水·期末） Different kinds of music affect our feelings and alertness (警觉；灵敏) in different ways. Some kinds of music make us want to dance. Others build our confidence. Lullabies make babies and young kids feel calm (镇静)—so calm that they fall asleep at once. Lullabies can be heard in cultures all over the world. Though they come from different places, these songs have a lot in common. They usually have simple words and a gentle rhythm (节奏). What’s more, people usually sing them in a soft voice. Over the years, scientists have studied lullabies to find out more about their calming powers (力量). Research has shown that lullabies can slow a baby’s heart and breathing rates. These are signs of relaxation. The songs also make babies less alert to things around them, helping them to fall asleep faster and sleep better. Experts find out a few reasons why lullabies are so calming for babies and others. For one thing, the slow rhythms of lullabies are similar to the comforting sounds a baby would have heard before birth—for example, the sounds of the mother’s heartbeat. For another, lullabies let babies know that someone caring for them is nearby. And this makes them feel safe and super relaxed. But babies aren’t the only ones who benefit from lullabies. According to researchers, singing these songs relax both the listener and the singer. So if you need a bit of calm, sing or listen to a lullaby—then try to keep your eyes open! 1．Which of the following is TRUE about lullabies? A．They can make a baby’s heart beat faster. B．Lullabies can help babies become more alert. C．They can be heard in different cultures worldwide. D．Lullabies in different cultures have little in common. 2．How many reasons are mentioned why lullabies can calm babies in Paragraph 4? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．What does the underlined word “benefit” probably mean? A．Accept some gifts. B．Get something good. C．Know something fun. D．Learn some information. 4．What’s the writer’s writing purpose (意图)? A．To share ways to write lullabies. B．To show the history of lullabies. C．To express the love for lullabies. D．To tell some facts about lullabies. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要探讨了摇篮曲对婴幼儿及成人的镇静作用及其科学原理。 1．细节理解题。根据“Lullabies can be heard in cultures all over the world.”可知，摇篮曲在世界各地的文化中都能听到。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“For one thing, the slow rhythms of lullabies are similar to the comforting sounds a baby would have heard before birth—for example, the sounds of the mother’s heartbeat. For another, lullabies let babies know that someone caring for them is nearby.”可知，第4段中提到了摇篮曲可以安抚婴儿的原因有两个。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“According to researchers, singing these songs relax both the listener and the singer. So if you need a bit of calm, sing or listen to a lullaby—then try to keep your eyes open!”可知，这里的benefit是“使受益”的意思，与Get something good.表达的意思差不多。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Lullabies make babies and young kids feel calm (镇静)—so calm that they fall asleep at once.”及下文的介绍可知，本文讲述一些关于摇篮曲的事实。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）A new report by The Rivers Trust (an organization that protects rivers in the UK and Ireland) shows that many rivers are not in good health. But you can help by watching rivers. The group started its new project, Big River Watch, on 6th September, 2024, in the UK and Ireland. It uses technology like smartphone apps to help scientists do better research. It is important for The Rivers Trust to collect useful information about rivers. This helps them know how dirty the rivers are and what problems they have. It’s even better if more people join it. That’s because people can check different river areas. Then, scientists can get more information from many places, not just from a few rivers. With more information, they can better understand the real situation of the rivers. So, everyone’s help is important because it makes the information about rivers more complete (完整的). This helps scientists make better decisions to protect our rivers. To join it, you need to download (下载) the free Big River Watch app on your phone at first. Then choose a river, pick a place on the riverside and watch it carefully for 15 minutes. At last, through the app you can send information about the things that you notice in or along the river, like animals, water speed, and pollution. Experts at the Rivers Trust will study the results and share the information with other organizations. With the results, the government can make much more useful plans of action, and the scientists will find right places for rubbish picks or river clean-ups. And you will know the importance of protecting the rivers by joining Big River Watch. 1．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The scientists. B．The rivers. C．The phones. D．The organizations. 2．What is the right order of joining the Big River Watch program from Paragraph 3? a. Choose a proper place.        b. Download a free app. c. Send the information.        d. Watch the river carefully. A．a-b-c-d B．a-b-d-c C．b-a-d-c D．b-a-c-d 3．How can scientists find right places for river clean-ups from the last paragraph? A．By studying the results from the app. B．By working with governments. C．By taking photos with smartphones. D．By watching the rivers carefully. 4．In which part of a newspaper can we probably find this passage? A．Culture. B．Health. C．History. D．Nature. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍Big River Watch项目，呼吁参与助力河流保护。 【详解】13．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“It is important for The Rivers Trust to collect useful information about rivers. This helps them know how dirty the rivers are and what problems they have.”可知，这里说收集河流相关信息，帮助了解河流有多脏以及它们（河流）有什么问题，所以“they”指代“The rivers”。故选B。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“To join it, you need to download (下载) the free Big River Watch app on your phone at first. Then choose a river, pick a place on the riverside and watch it carefully for 15 minutes. At last, through the app you can send information about the things that you notice in or along the river, like animals, water speed, and pollution.”可知，顺序是先下载免费应用（b），然后选合适地方（a），接着仔细观察河流（d），最后发送信息（c），即b - a - d - c。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段提到 “Experts at the Rivers Trust will study the results and share the information with other organizations. With the results, the government can make much more useful plans of action, and the scientists will find right places for rubbish picks or river clean-ups.”可知，科学家通过研究应用程序反馈的结果来找到河流清理的合适地点。故选A。 3．推理判断题。文章主要围绕河流保护项目展开，介绍河流相关情况以及保护河流的举措，属于自然（Nature）范畴，所以可能在报纸的自然板块找到这篇文章。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）Singapore is one of the cleanest countries in the world and attracts a large number of people around the world every year. People in the country have many strict rules in public. These rules make sure that streets are clean and parks look nice. Now, we’ve listed the “Dos and Don’ts” in Singapore. There are many things you must do in Singapore. When using the escalator (自动扶梯) in Singapore, you must stand on the left and walk on the right. This allows those people who want to walk up to go around you easily. Singapore also provides bike-riding roads and walking roads, so you must make sure you walk on the right roads. This keeps everyone much safer. And cash (现金) is welcomed in Singapore. Many shops in the neighborhood hope customers to pay in cash, so having enough cash in hand is important. Also, you must bring a bottle if you want to drink water, because you can get tap water (自来水) easily in Singapore. The water is carefully tested, so it’s safe to drink straight from the tap. Bottled water is widely available but it’s quite expensive, while tap water is gratis. However, there are some things that you can’t do. In Singapore, for example, the sale of chewing gum (口香糖) is not allowed. You cannot even bring gum with you. To keep public transportation clean, eating and drinking on trains and buses is not allowed, as it can make the seats and floors dirty. You can’t play loud music or talk loudly on your phone either, since it might make other passengers angry. People in Singapore take their rules very seriously, which makes their country clean and enjoyable for people from around the world. 1．What can people do in Singapore? A．Chew gum in public places. B．Talk with others loudly on the bus. C．Buy bottled water with cash. D．Stand on the right on an escalator. 2．What does the underlined word “gratis” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Fresh. B．Cool. C．Delicious. D．Free. 3．Why CAN’T people eat on trains in Singapore? A．Because food is not sold on trains. B．Because it may make the floor dirty. C．Because other people may get hungry. D．Because the train tickets are expensive. 4．What does the passage mainly introduce about Singapore? A．Strict rules. B．Water safety. C．Public roads. D．Cash using. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了新加坡作为世界上最干净的国家之一，其民众在公共场合有诸多严格规定，并具体列出了在新加坡的“可以做”与“不可以做”的事项。 1．细节理解题。根据“cash (现金) is welcomed in Singapore...”和“Bottled water is widely available but it’s quite expensive”可知，在新加坡现金是受欢迎的，且瓶装水可以买到，因此可以用现金购买瓶装水。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Bottled water is widely available but it’s quite expensive, while tap water is gratis.”可知，瓶装水价格昂贵，while（然而）表转折，说明自来水与瓶装水相反，即免费的。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“To keep public transportation clean, eating and drinking on trains and buses is not allowed, as it can make the seats and floors dirty.”可知，在新加坡不允许在火车上吃东西，因为这可能会弄脏座位和地板。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“People in the country have many strict rules in public. These rules make sure that streets are clean and parks look nice. Now, we’ve listed the ‘Dos and Don’ts’ in Singapore.”可知，文章主要介绍了新加坡的一些“可以做”和“不可以做”的严格规定。故选A。 Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·浙江金华·期末） On April 19, 2025, Beijing’s Yizhuang district held the world’s first humanoid (人形的) robot half-marathon. Twenty-one teams of robots from big cities including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou entered the 21.1-kilometre race with the help of human runners, showing how robots can deal with real world tasks like long-distance running. The winner, Tiangong Ultra from the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center, made it in 2 hours and 40 minutes with a top speed of 12 kilometers per hour. Scientists used special materials to lighten the 1.8-meter-tall robot’s weight and used cooling systems to avoid overheating. Other teams, such as Whirlwind Kid and Little Giant, caught people’s eyes because of AI-powered control on slopes (斜坡) and stone paths. The race tested if the robots did well in difficult situations. The paths had difficult turns and slopes. Teams could change batteries (电池) at seven supply stations. If teams changed the whole robot to run, they would lose 10 minutes. Some robots wore special shoes to protect legs, while others used real-time sensors (传感器) to avoid falls. Except for competition, the event greatly improved real-world robotics. For example, Tsinghua University’s Kuafu robot learned to move better with a little training, showing ability for saving people from dangerous situations like an earthquake. It is a milestone, marking future uses such as helping doctors in hospitals or moving products in factories. Beijing’s Yizhuang area, home to over 100 robotics companies, plans to use these technologies widely in healthcare and other fields. As an engineer said, “This marathon shows how robots and humans can work together for a smarter future.” 1．How fast can Tiangong Ultra run? A．10km/h. B．12 km/h. C．21.1 km/h. D．40 km/h. 2．How did Tiangong Ultra avoid overheating? A．By using cooling systems. B．By changing batteries. C．By wearing special shoes. D．By using real-time sensors. 3．Why do people treat the event as a milestone? A．Because it was the first time robot ran a half-marathon. B．Because it will take place of human beings in the future. C．Because it shows the future uses of robots in different fields. D．Because it is from the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center. 4．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To show Kuafu robot’s daily work. B．To show how to make humanoid robots. C．To show the meaning of half-marathon. D．To show the development of China’s robots. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了2025年北京亦庄举办的世界首场人形机器人半程马拉松比赛，展示了机器人在现实场景中的应用潜力。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“The winner, Tiangong Ultra from the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center, made it in 2 hours and 40 minutes with a top speed of 12 kilometers per hour.”可知，Tiangong Ultra的最快速度为每小时12公里，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Scientists used special materials to lighten the 1.8-meter-tall robot’s weight and used cooling systems to avoid overheating.”可知，它通过使用冷却系统来防止过热，故选A。 3．细节理解题。文中“It is a milestone, marking future uses such as helping doctors in hospitals or moving products in factories.”可知，这次比赛展现了机器人在各领域的未来应用，因此被视为一个里程碑，故选C。 4．推理判断题。整篇文章介绍了机器人半程马拉松的情况和对未来机器人发展的意义，目的是展示中国机器人发展的现状与前景，故选D。 Passage 7 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）New research coming out of Tohoku University says that wasabi (芥末) is good for the ability to remember. Wasabi, a spicy green paste, is widely used in Japanese dishes. A recent study tested people between the ages of sixty and eighty. Some of the test members took a certain amount of wasabi every night before going to bed. The others were given a placebo (无效对照剂). After three months, the people who took the wasabi had much better results in memory tests. The placebo-takers did not show any improvement. Wasabi was already known to have an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory called 6-MSITC that is rare (稀少) in other plants. Scientists believe a chemical called 6-MSITC might change how the brain’s “memory center-hippocampus (海马体)” works. They will continue researching with the hope that wasabi can help people that are experiencing dementia (痴呆症). This new research seems to be good news for sushi-eaters. However, ▲ . Instead, it is white horseradish (辣根酱) that has been colored green. Real wasabi is difficult to grow and, as a result, is very expensive. It also needs to be made and served fresh at once before being eaten. 1．According to paragraph 2, who can have better memory? A．Early sleepers. B．Placebo takers. C．People between 60 and 80. D．People who keep eating wasabi for 3 months. 2．What in wasabi has something to do with memory improvement? A．Dishes B．6-MSITC． C．Placebo. D．Hippocampus. 3．Which can be the best to fill in the blank ________? A．wasabi is not a popular paste around the world B．most people in Japan don’t think the research is true C．most wasabi that is served in Japan is not real wasabi D．fresh wasabi is so expensive that people can’t eat it very often 4．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To discuss the health risks of eating spicy food. B．To explain the way of making sushi with wasabi. C．To compare real wasabi with green-colored horseradish. D．To introduce a new study on wasabi from a Japanese university. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了日本东北大学的一项新研究，发现芥末中的6-MSITC成分可能有助于改善记忆力。同时指出市场上大多数“芥末”并非真品，而是染色的辣根酱。 1．细节理解题。根据“After three months, the people who took the wasabi had much better results in memory tests.”可知，持续食用芥末三个月的人记忆力更好。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Wasabi was already known to have an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory called 6-MSITC that is rare (稀少) in other plants. Scientists believe a chemical called 6-MSITC might change how the brain’s ‘memory center-hippocampus (海马体)’ works.”可知，6-MSITC与记忆力改善相关。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Instead, it is white horseradish (辣根酱) that has been colored green. Real wasabi is difficult to grow and, as a result, is very expensive.”可知，空后说我们常见的芥末是被染成绿色的辣根酱，真正的芥末难以种植且非常昂贵，选项C“日本供应的大多数芥末不是真正的芥末”符合语境。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“New research coming out of Tohoku University says that wasabi (芥末) is good for the ability to remember.”及结合文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了日本东北大学关于芥末的一项新研究，包括研究过程、芥末中对记忆有影响的成分等内容。故选D。 Passage 8 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）Are you planning to visit the Legoland Shanghai Resort (上海乐高乐园度假区) during your coming summer vacation? The park, due to open on July 5 this summer, will have eight theme lands made from over 85 million Lego bricks (积木). One special highlight will be the world’s first Lego Monkie Kid (悟空小侠) area, according to the Chinese classic Journey to the West. Xinhua reported that The Making of Harry Potter studio tour and the Peppa Pig Theme Park are also coming to Shanghai, and both plan to open in 2027. But why is it always Shanghai? John Jakobsen, the officer of Legoland Resorts, told Xinhua that it’s because of China’s strong consumer (消费者) market. Especially in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui, there are about 55 million possible consumers. Another reason is that it’s easy to get around in Shanghai. The city’s subway now has 22 lines. Together with planes and high-speed trains, people from all over the country can easily reach the park. This is important for theme parks because it allows more visitors to come and enjoy, said The Paper. Meanwhile, there are many shops, hotels and restaurants in Shanghai. They can meet the different needs of visitors, reported the Economic Daily. The government is also playing a big role in bringing parks to Shanghai. According to the 2025 Government Work Report, China will speed up more important events and work harder to develop cultural businesses and the tourism businesses. 1．What’s special about the Legoland Shanghai Resort? A．It has the biggest theme lands. B．It has the first Lego Monkie Kid area. C．It’s made from Lego bricks. D．It’s the first theme park in Shanghai. 2．Which of the following make Shanghai a top choice for building theme parks? ①big market    ②beautiful environment    ③easy travel    ④government’s help A．②③④ B．①②③ C．①②④ D．①③④ 3．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell us where we can spend our vacation. B．To teach us how to travel around Shanghai. C．To explain why Shanghai is home to more theme parks. D．To show us what the Legoland Shanghai Resort is like. 4．In which part of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Healthy Living B．School Life C．Travel Guide D．Animal World 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了上海未来将新增多个主题公园，并分析了选址上海的原因。 1． 细节理解题。根据“One special highlight will be the world’s first Lego Monkie Kid (悟空小侠) area, according to the Chinese classic Journey to the West.”可知，上海乐高乐园的特别之处是有世界首个悟空小侠区域。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“it’s because of China’s strong consumer (消费者) market”，“it’s easy to get around in Shanghai”和“The government is also playing a big role in bringing parks to Shanghai”可知，上海成为主题公园首选地的原因有强大消费市场、交通便利、政府支持，对应①③④。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。文章围绕上海为何有多个主题公园展开，解释了几点原因。故选C。 4．推理判断题。文章内容与上海主题公园相关，属于旅游指南范畴。故选C。 Passage 9 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）In recent years, many countries seem to have lost interest in holding world events like the Olympics (奥运会). While 11 cities wanted to host the 2004 Olympics, that number dropped to just two for the 2024 Games. The World Expo (世博会), however, doesn’t seem to be losing popularity. The 2025 World Expo, which opened in Osaka, Japan, on April 13, has interested four countries and more than 1 million visitors. Why is there a difference? One reason might be the high cost of hosting the Olympics. Host cities often spend more than expected, needing to build special sports fields and provide hotels for many athletes and tourists. For example, the Tokyo Games in 2021 spent about $15.4 billion, according to AP News. Hosting a World Expo seems to be a better choice. The news website Stuff reported that the UAE government spent over $7 billion on the 2020 Dubai World Expo—much less than the Tokyo Olympics. Yet, the event played an important role in helping the UAE government. One important result is that Expo City Dubai reused 80 percent of its buildings built for the World Expo. Holding a World Expo can also help develop the whole country. Before the 1992 World Expo, Spain (西班牙) built its first high-speed railway for the host city, Seville. This made many Spanish people travel much more easily. In the past, many people disliked leaving their hometowns. But now, more and more people travel between cities by high-speed railway. According to CNN, Spain now has the second-longest high-speed railway network in the world. In today’s world, where many countries face serious challenges, the World Expo shows us that technology can help build a better future. It encourages each country to search for future solutions. 1．How does the writer show us that holding the Olympics gets less popular? A．By comparing numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By making reports. D．By asking questions. 2．Why does holding the Olympics get less popular? A．Because it will cause heavy traffic. B．Because it needs lots of money. C．Because the pollution may be more serious. D．Because the competition is crazy. 3．What can be the good result of holding a World Expo? A．Solving health problems. B．Making the host city bigger. C．Building the most railways D．Helping with social development. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．The World Expo can solve any challenge. B．Each country should hold big events. C．Technology makes a difference to countries. D．Traveling would get more popular. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要对比奥运会和世博会的举办现状，分析世博会更具吸引力的原因及其对国家发展的积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“While 11 cities wanted to host the 2004 Olympics, that number dropped to just two for the 2024 Games.”可知，作者通过对比了2004年奥运会（11个城市申办）和2024年奥运会（仅2个城市申办）的申办数量变化来展示举办奥运会变得越来越不受欢迎。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“One reason might be the high cost of hosting the Olympics.”可知，举办奥运会越来越不受欢迎，因为它需要很多钱。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三、四段内容可知，迪拜世博会80%建筑被再利用，西班牙因世博会建设高铁网络，这说明举办世博会帮助社会发展。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“the World Expo shows us that technology can help build a better future.”可知，世博会向我们展示了技术可以帮助我们建设更美好的未来，由此推断，技术对国家产生了影响。故选C。 Passage 10 （24-25八年级下·浙江金华·期末） ①Paper making is one of the four great inventions of ancient China. Among different kinds of paper, Xuan paper, also known as rice paper, holds an important place. Many ancient documents and artworks can’t exist till today without Xuan paper. ②Xuan paper is valued by every Chinese generation as a pride since it is not only an important part of Chinese culture, but also a witness (见证) to Chinese history for thousands of years. ③As one of the most important carriers of Chinese culture, Xuan paper has the title “King of All Paper”. Ancient Chinese calligraphers (书法家) and painters drew a large number of great works on Xuan paper. The art piece, passed down by several emperors and officials in ancient China, is more than 1,200 years old. ④According to the National Library of China, there are about 30 million ancient paper books in the library, and over 85% of them were made of Xuan paper. ⑤As time went by, Xuan paper became popular among writers and artists. The reason might lie in its origin (起源). An often-told story about the origin of Xuan paper says Kong Dan, a paper-making worker during the Eastern Han Dynasty, searched for a kind of paper that would not discolor or grow mold (发霉) to keep the picture of his teacher Cai Lun, the inventor of paper making, and finally created Xuan paper. ⑥With its smooth surface and good quality, Xuan paper can be kept for a long time. If it is preserved well, it can be used for more than 2,000 years while ink and color on it remain fresh and bright. The paper, as a result, is named “Paper of Ages”. 1．What is Xuan paper also known as? A．Rice paper. B．Silk paper. C．Bamboo paper. D．Cotton paper. 2．Which of the following ways does the writer use to develop Paragraph 4? A．Telling a story. B．Listing numbers. C．Asking questions. D．Giving examples. 3．What does the nickname “Paper of Ages” in the last paragraph suggest about Xuan paper? A．It is used by very old people. B．It takes a very long time to make. C．It can last for a very long time. D．It was invented a very long time ago. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Great Inventions. B．Paper Making. C．King of All Paper. D．Kong Dan and Cai Lun. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍宣纸的历史及发明过程。 1．细节理解题。根据“Xuan paper, also known as rice paper”可知，宣纸也被称为米纸，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“about 30 million ancient paper books”以及“over 85%”可知，通过列举这些数字来展开段落，故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Xuan paper can be kept for a long time. If it is preserved well, it can be used for more than 2,000 years while ink and color on it remain fresh and bright. The paper, as a result, is named ‘Paper of Ages’”可知，宣纸可以保存很长时间，如果保存得当，它可以使用两千多年，而且纸上的墨迹和色彩依然清新明亮，所以被称为“Paper of Ages”，意味着它可以持续很长时间，故选C。 4．最佳标题题。文章围绕宣纸展开，介绍了它的别称、价值、文化载体作用、起源、特性等，还提到它被称为“King of All Paper”，故以选项C为标题最合适。故选C。 Passage 11 （24-25八年级下·浙江金华·期末） ①On April 24, 2025, China successfully sent up the Shenzhou-20 spaceship from Jiuquan. Riding the Long March-2F rocket, three astronauts—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie are flying towards China’s space station. They will live and work there for six months. ②April 24 is special: China’s 10th Space Day. It marks the celebration of China’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, which was sent up on the same day in 1970. ③The Long March-2F rocket has been improved in 32 ways. Scientists try to use more apps to work smarter. A key improvement is that they can send information much faster. In the past, important flight information was saved in a “black box” and checked only after landing. Now, the rocket sends live information in space, as fast as 100 pages every second! This lets scientists closely watch the flight from Earth. ④The Shenzhou-20 spacecraft itself is also better: ＊It has more room for things, carrying 20% more things needed to the station. ＊ It can connect faster with the space station. ＊ Its new batteries (电池) are lighter and work better than older ones. ⑤But one thing stays the same: the power of China’s space scientists. They love their country and work very hard. In the past, they studied a lot and got rich experience. Today, young scientists still go on with this hard work. Surely, China’s space program will keep reaching further and making great new success. 1．Why is April 24 special? A．It’s World Book Day. B．It’s Shenzhou-20’s Invention Day. C．It’s the city’s 10th birthday. D．It’s China’s Space Day. 2．What can we learn about the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft? A．It was sent up with four astronauts. B．It will do space work for one month. C．Its batteries can work better than before. D．It only brings information to Earth after landing. 3．What is the 3rd paragraph mainly about? A．The astronauts on the space station. B．The history of China’s 1st satellite. C．How long a rocket can work. D．How scientists improved the rocket. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To introduce space travel problems. B．To show how rockets are created. C．To share good news on China’s space progress. D．To compare Chinese and American space programmes. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟二十的成功发射及中国的航天成就。 1．细节理解题。根据“April 24 is special: China’s 10th Space Day”可知，4月24日是中国航天日。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Its new batteries (电池) are lighter and work better than older ones.”可知，神舟二十的电池比以前更好。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据“The Long March-2F rocket has been improved in 32 ways....”可知，该段主要讲述科学家是如何改进火箭的。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了神舟二十的成功发射及中国的航天成就，旨在分享中国航天进步的好消息。故选C。 Passage 12 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）Are you using your headphones too much? Noise-canceling headphones (降噪耳机) bring you a quiet world, but using them for too long might be bad for your brain, according to the New York Post. Doctors from the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) have seen more young people having “ear problems”. These problems include trouble understanding speech or needing words to watch videos. However, though their ears are healthy, it’s their brains that are affected (被影响的). This problem is known as auditory processing disorder (APD) (听觉处理障碍). People with APD can hear sounds but find it hard to understand them. We hear different sounds at the same time. To understand the information we hear well, our brains need to choose the important sounds to listen to, and not to listen to useless information. That is why we can understand our friends when we talk even in a very noisy room. If we don’t hear different kinds of sounds, we can lose this skill, said NHS doctors. Noise-canceling headphones take away these different sounds, which might be a part of the problem because they make a “false environment”. This makes it easier for your brain, so it doesn’t have to work very hard. Noise travels in waves (波) through air and water. Noise-canceling headphones stop these waves in two ways: One is to use things like special ear cups. The other is to use a microphone (麦克风) to cancel out noise with different sound waves. This technology can be bad for your health if you use it too much. However, it is still helpful for people working in noisy places. 1．Why does the writer ask a question at the beginning? A．To do a survey. B．To interest the readers. C．To show a scene. D．To get the certain answer. 2．What do we know about APD in the passage? A．It is caused by ear illness. B．It causes people to hear nothing. C．It is caused by listening to different sounds. D．It causes people to understand sounds hard. 3．What’s the main purpose of this passage? A．To give us some advice on ear problems. B．To tell us the importance of noise-canceling headphones. C．To remind us to use noise-canceling headphones properly. D．To describe how noise-canceling technology works. 4．In which part of the magazine can we read this passage? A．Music and art. B．Science and health. C．Humans and nature. D．Science and technology. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了过度使用降噪耳机可能对大脑产生负面影响，导致听觉处理障碍（APD），并提醒人们合理使用降噪耳机。 1．推理判断题。文章开头通过提问“Are you using your headphones too much?”引起读者兴趣，目的是吸引读者继续阅读。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“People with APD can hear sounds but find it hard to understand them.”可知，患有APD的人能够听到声音，但难以理解这些声音。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了降噪耳机的过度使用可能对大脑产生负面影响，并提醒人们合理使用。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章讨论的降噪耳机对健康的影响及听觉处理障碍的科学原理可知，属于科学与健康领域。故选B。 Passage 13 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）In 2024, during China’s Two Sessions meetings (两会), the government plans highlighted “AI in different areas,” showing that AI is becoming very important in China. By 2025, AI was still a hot topic. For example, robots performed on CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala (春晚). People are now discussing how AI can help improve many fields, like education, healthcare, and more. Ni Minjing, the director of the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, is interested in AI’s impact (影响) on education a lot. He says AI can help every student learn in a way that fits their interests and skills. Traditionally, teachers have to teach all students the same way, but AI can offer different learning ways for each child. For example, if a child is interested in whales, AI can give all the information about whales, allowing the child to study what they love. This way, ▲ will want to learn more and understand things better. Ni Minjing also believes that AI won’t take teachers’ place. Teachers play a key role in educating students and helping them develop their thoughts and values, which AI cannot do. AI should be a tool to help both teachers and students. In the future, AI can help students in learning and even help them in their future jobs. However, it’s important to use AI properly. He said that AI should be used to stop students from playing games or watching useless short videos too much so that students can learn better. In a word, it’s an exciting development that can help students learn better and become more creative thinkers. 1．How does the writer show the importance of AI in paragraph 1? A．By telling stories.B．By listing numbers.C．By giving examples. D．By comparing facts. 2．Which of the following can be put into “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A．teachers B．parents C．directors D．students 3．Which opinion does Ni Minjing probably agree with? A．Teachers are still important for students’ education. B．AI will completely take the place of teachers in the future. C．Teachers should use AI to teach all students in the same way. D．AI can help students learn better by giving them short videos. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The development of AI in China. B．The changes of traditional education. C．The importance of teachers in the AI era. D．The important impact of AI on education. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要阐述了人工智能在中国备受重视，尤其在教育领域能助力学生个性化学习但无法取代教师，需合理使用以促进学生成长。 1．细节理解题。根据“For example, robots performed on CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala (春晚).”可知，作者通过举例说明展示了人工智能的重要性。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“He says AI can help every student learn in a way that fits their interests and skills.”可知，人工智能可以帮助每个学生以适合他们兴趣和技能的方式学习，所以这里应该是学生想要学习更多并更好地理解事物。故选D。 3． 细节理解题。根据“Ni Minjing also believes that AI won’t take teachers’ place. Teachers play a key role in educating students and helping them develop their thoughts and values, which AI cannot do.”可知，倪闽景认为教师在学生教育中仍然很重要。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了人工智能对教育的重要影响，如可以帮助学生以适合自己的方式学习，但不能取代教师等。故选D。 Passage 14 （24-25八年级下·浙江温州·期末） In spring, they are like silver rivers, shining brightly in the sun. Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. During autumn, the mountains are gold. And in winter, white snow covers them, making them look very beautiful. These changing colors are what the Longji Rice Terraces (龙脊梯田) look like all year round. The Longji Rice Terraces were built by the Zhuang and Yao people hundreds of years ago. You might wonder why the Zhuang and Yao people worked so hard to make these terraces. Well, here are the reasons. First, in this area, there were few big, flat (平的) pieces of land. By building these terraces, they could get more places to grow things. Second, the flat terraces can catch the rainwater on rainy days. This helps stop the soil (土壤) from being washed away. So how do the terraces work? There are hundreds of connected waterways. During the rainy season, rainwater runs down the mountains through these waterways and into the terraces. Then, the sun heats (加热)the water, and it turns into vapor. This vapor forms clouds, and later it rains again onto the terraces. Even though modern technology can help grow more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the local people and they pass down the knowledge of taking care of the terraces. So, people today still use the old ways to keep the terraces in good condition. Today, people come from far away to see this great wonder which shows how people work together with nature. 1．How does the writer introduce Longji Rice Terraces in Paragraph 1? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving famous sayings. C．By asking questions. D．By describing the sights. 2．Why did people build Longji Rice Terraces? A．Because they helped reduce rainwater. B．Because they helped wash away the soil. C．Because they provided flat pieces of land. D．Because they made the mountains beautiful. 3．Which number shows the underlined word “vapor” in Paragraph 3? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 4．What do local people think of Longji Rice Terraces now? A．They are useless in modern life. B．They are only for travelling purpose. C．They are still important and helpful. D．They are worse than modern technology. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了龙脊梯田的四季景色、建造原因、工作原理以及对当地人的意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“These changing colors are what the Longji Rice Terraces (龙脊梯田) look like all year round.”可知，作者通过描述龙脊梯田的风光来介绍它。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“First, in this area, there were few big, flat (平的) pieces of land. By building these terraces, they could get more places to grow things.”可知，人们建造梯田是因为它们提供了平坦的土地。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Then, the sun heats (加热)the water, and it turns into vapor. This vapor forms clouds, and later it rains again onto the terraces.”可知，太阳加热水后水应该是变成水蒸气，这种水蒸气形成云，后来又下到梯田上，因此vapor应为“水蒸气”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Even though modern technology can help grow more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the local people and they pass down the knowledge of taking care of the terraces.”可知，当地人认为龙脊梯田仍然是重要和有用的。故选C。 Passage 15 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）Do you know how deep the ocean is? What does it look like? What kind of animals are living there? More than 80 percent of the ocean hasn’t been studied yet! Looking carefully at the deep ocean is hard because it’s dark, cold, and the pressure is strong. Although there are challenges, scientists still have been able to research parts of the deep sea. One way is by using small tools called submersibles (深潜器). These tools record videos and collect samples of the water and seafloor. What scientists have found so far from their research is pretty amazing! The deep ocean is home to animals that adapt to (适应) such dark and cold places in cool ways. Some animals, like giant squid, have large eyes to take in light. Others are blind and smell things around to live. Many deep-sea animals can even make their own light. The female angler fish uses bacteria (细菌) to make light in order to catch food. Vents are another part of the deep sea we’re learning about. The waters around can hit temperatures up to 371°C and they are home to some small sea animals, such as shrimps and crabs. Scientists are working to study more of the deep ocean. In these dark, high-pressure places, they hardly find animals like fish or whales because their bodies would break into pieces under the strong water pressure. But each year they discover new kinds of sea animals. No matter what they discover next, one thing is sure—it will surprise us all! 1．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By asking questions. B．By telling stories. C．By listing numbers. D．By comparing facts. 2．How do some animals adapt to the deep ocean according to Paragraph 2? A．Eat a lot of food. B．Have large noses. C．Smell things around. D．Make their own fire. 3．What does the writer think of the future research on the deep ocean? A．It’s expensive to do it. B．It’s too difficult to find animals. C．It’s dangerous to take part in it. D．It’s hopeful to find something new. 4．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably taken from? A．History. B．Business. C．Nature. D．Culture. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了深海探索的挑战、科学家使用深潜器研究深海的情况，以及深海生物的独特适应性和未来研究的潜力。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Do you know how deep the ocean is? What does it look like? What kind of animals are living there?”可知，作者通过提问的方式引入话题。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Others are blind and smell things around to live.”可知，一些深海动物通过嗅觉感知周围环境来生存。故选C。 3．观点态度题。根据文章最后1段“No matter what they discover next, one thing is sure—it will surprise us all!”可知，不管他们接下来有什么发现，肯定会让我们所有人大吃一惊。由此可知，作者对深海研究的未来持乐观态度，认为有希望会有新发现。故选D。 4．推理判断题。文章主要围绕深海探索和生物展开，属于自然科学范畴。故选C。 Passage 16 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）Different kinds of music change our feelings. Some make us want to sing along. Others make us want to dance. Lullabies (摇篮曲) make babies and young kids feel calm (冷静的)—so calm that they fall asleep quickly! Though Lullabies come from different places, these songs have a lot in common. They usually have short, easy words and simple tunes. The songs are slow, and people sing them in a soft voice with a calm beat. Over the years, scientists have studied lullabies to find out more about their calming powers (力量). Research has shown that lullabies can slow a baby’s heart, which is the sign of relaxation. The songs also make babies less alert (警觉的) to things around them, helping them to sleep. Babies who hear lullabies fall asleep faster and sleep better than those who don’t. There are a few reasons why lullabies are so calming for babies and others. For one thing, the calm, slow lullabies are similar to the comforting sounds a baby would have heard before birth—the sounds of the mother’s heartbeat and her voice, for example. What’s more, lullabies let a listener know that someone caring for them is nearby. This makes whoever is hearing the songs feel secure. As a result, they’re super relaxed. However, the magic of lullabies doesn’t stop there. According to researchers, the person singing the lullabies gets just as much as the listener! Singing these songs helps both the listener and the singer. So if you need a short period of calm, sing or listen to a lullaby. 1．What are lullabies like? A．They make people want to dance. B．They make people want to sing along. C．They are from a certain place. D．They are slow and have simple words. 2．What may happen to babies when they hear lullabies according to the research? A．They are more alert to things around. B．They may soon fall asleep. C．They would like to look for their mothers. D．They would become excited. 3．What does the underlined word “secure” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．smart B．excited C．safe D．interested 4．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The calming magic of lullabies. B．The list of kids’ favourite lullabies. C．The great development of lullabies. D．The differences between pop and lullabies. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要探讨了摇篮曲对婴幼儿及成人的镇静作用及其科学原理。 1．细节理解题。根据“They usually have short, easy words and simple tunes. The songs are slow, and people sing them in a soft voice with a calm beat.”可知，摇篮曲节奏缓慢，歌词简单。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The songs also make babies less alert (警觉的) to things around them, helping them to sleep. Babies who hear lullabies fall asleep faster and sleep better than those who don’t.”可知，当婴儿听到摇篮曲时可能很快就睡着了。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“What’s more, lullabies let a listener know that someone caring for them is nearby. This makes whoever is hearing the songs feel secure.”可知，摇篮曲让听者知道有人在照顾他们，这让听到歌曲的人感到安全。所以划线词意为“安全的”，与“safe”同义。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕摇篮曲的舒缓作用展开，包括其特点（慢节奏、简单歌词）、科学依据（降低心率、促进睡眠）及对听者与歌手的双重益处。所以本文的主旨是“摇篮曲的镇静魔力”。故选A。 Passage 17 （24-25八年级下·浙江台州·期末）Animals grow old, just like humans. What do you think of older wild animals? Are they important to their groups? A new study has found that protecting older wild animals is very important because they have knowledge (知识) to help the rest of their populations survive (生存). ▲ When older birds have baby birds, they are better at providing food and finding a good place to live. This makes it more likely for the babies to survive. Older elephants are good at remembering which other animals are friendly and which ones aren’t. They are also better at knowing possible dangers. Grandmother orcas (killer whales) use their knowledge to help their families find food when there’s not much around. Older animals face serious problems in some parts of the world. For example, fishing has caused the number of older fish to fall greatly (up to 97% in some populations). In some places, because poaching is common, older animals are more at risk. The researchers from Charles Darwin University in Australia, said humans must do more to make sure that enough old animals survive. They’ve asked the International Union for Conservation of Nature (国际自然保护联盟) to help researchers come up with ways to protect those at risk. They also said that fishing companies should try to stop catching too many old fish, to protect the whole population. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By telling a joke. B．By sharing a story. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples. 2．Which of the following can be put in the blank ▲ in Paragraph 2? A．Older animals are at risk now and their numbers fall. B．Older animals are better at finding good places to live. C．Older animals can help their populations in many ways. D．There are many ways to protect endangered older animals. 3．What does the underlined word “poaching” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Feeding animals.B．Catching animals. C．Studying animals. D．Protecting animals. 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To show the study of Australian researchers. B．To discuss how animals grow old in the wild. C．To show why old animals need special protection. D．To compare different ways of protecting animals. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文通过科学研究阐述了年长野生动物在种群生存中的关键作用，揭示其生存危机，并呼吁加强对老年动物的保护。 1．推理判断题。根据“What do you think of older wild animals? Are they important to their groups?”可知，文章开头通过提出 “你如何看待年老的野生动物？它们对群体重要吗？” 这样的问题来引出下文，所以作者是通过问问题开始这篇文章的。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“When older birds have baby birds, they are better at providing food and finding a good place to live. This makes it more likely for the babies to survive. Older elephants...”可知，空处后文说明年长动物如何提升种群生存率，所以空处应表达“年老的动物可以在很多方面帮助它们的种群”。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“For example, fishing has caused the number of older fish to fall greatly (up to 97% in some populations).”及“...older animals are more at risk.”可知，捕鱼导致老年鱼数量大幅下降，年老的动物更处于危险中，可推断poaching指“非法捕猎”。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“A new study has found that protecting older wild animals is very important because they have knowledge(知识) to help the rest of their populations survive(生存).”可知，本文通过科学研究阐述了年长野生动物在种群生存中的关键作用，揭示其生存危机，并呼吁加强对老年动物的保护。故选C。 Passage 18 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）Do you know our planet has seven continents? You probably name six continents easily: Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. These lands have been home to humans for many thousands of years. Now look down at the bottom (底部) of the world map below. There you will find the seventh continent: Antarctica. Antarctica is the coldest continent. The temperature in summer mostly reaches above 0℃. In winter, the temperature is almost always below -18℃. The coldest temperature recorded on the earth was at an Antarctic science station in July 1983. It got down to -89℃. That’s why thick ice covers Antarctica. The ice holds 90% of the world’s fresh water and it has been building up over thousands of years. But here’s the surprise: Some special animals still live there. Among them, the Emperor Penguin (企鹅), the largest penguin in the world is the most famous. It stands more than 1.2 meters tall. Father penguin has a big job. It stands on ice and holds an egg between its feet and body for two months without eating any food until mother penguin comes back. No country around the world owns Antarctica. Scientists from different countries have worked hard to protect Antarctica’s wildlife and land. Some of them come to study the wildlife. Other scientists study Antarctica’s ice. Antarctica remains one of the least-known lands in the world. The cold and ice seas make it a difficult place to study. However, it’s a place of uncommon beauty that gives opportunities to research the surprising nature. 1．Where is Antarctica located (定位) in the world map according to Paragraph 1? A．A． B．B． C．C． D．D． 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．Beautiful Antarctica. B．Freezing Antarctica. C．Common Antarctica. D．Old Antarctica. 3．What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．Only penguins live in Antarctica happily. B．Some countries are fighting for Antarctica. C．Penguins take care of their babies easily. D．Scientists study Antarctica in different ways. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍南极洲的地理位置、极端气候、独特生物及科学研究价值，强调其作为地球第七大洲的生态和科学意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“Now look down at the bottom (底部) of the world map below. There you will find the seventh continent: Antarctica.”可知，南极洲在世界地图的底部，即D的位置。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。通读第二段并根据“Antarctica is the coldest continent.”可知，第二段主要告诉我们南极很冷。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Scientists from different countries have worked hard to protect Antarctica’s wildlife and land. Some of them come to study the wildlife. Other scientists study Antarctica’s ice.”可知，科学家们用不同的方法研究南极洲。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引入南极洲作为第七大洲的地理位置；第二、三、四段介绍南极洲的气候、动物和人文特征；第五段总结南极洲的价值。结构为①/②③④/⑤。故选C。 Passage 19 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末） Chinese seal carving (雕刻), or “zhuanke”, is a special art form with a very long history. The art form mixes beautiful writing, carving skills and rich cultural meanings. This art began in the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE). People then used seals mostly as symbols of controllers. Later, in the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE), seals also showed a person’s importance. A big change happened in the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE). The emperor made a special writing style for it. Many centuries later, during the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1912) dynasties, artists made seal carving one of the most popular art forms. They used different stones and sometimes ivory for important people. Do you know how to carve a seal? First, draw a design (设计) on the seal. The design can be a simple sign, a word or a short sentence. Second, use a special carving tool to cut the design. This needs good hand skills and takes lots of time. Then put ink on the seal when the carving is done. Next, press the seal on a piece of paper. You’ll see the design printed on the paper. This printed design is a special symbol for the person or group who owns the seal. Today, many people still love it even though they use seals less for everyday signing now. In fact, in 2009, Chinese seal carving was accepted by UNESCO as a very important world cultural treasure. Modern artists try new styles. People collect old seals for their history and many learn carving as a way to learn tradition and relax themselves. Workshops around the world teach the ancient Chinese art, making sure it continues to shine brightly. 1．In what way does the writer tell the history of the seal carving in Paragraph 2? A．In space order. B．In time order. C．By means of cause and effect (因果). D．By comparison (比较). 2．Which is the right order for making a seal carving? ① Press the seal onto paper.        ② Draw a design on the seal. ③ Put ink on the seal.        ④ Carve the design with a tool. A．②④③① B．②③①④ C．④②③① D．④①③② 3．Why is Chinese seal carving still popular now? A．It’s very expensive and shows a person’s importance. B．UNESCO asks people to learn it in the workshops. C．People can experience culture and relax themselves. D．Modern artists can create better styles than before. 4．What’s the main purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To explain the great success of Chinese seal carving. B．To introduce Chinese seal carving as a valuable art form. C．To encourage readers to buy more ancient seal carving. D．To compare ancient and modern uses of seals in China. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国印章雕刻艺术的历史演变、制作工艺、现代传承及其文化价值，强调其作为世界文化遗产的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“This art began in the Shang Dynasty”、“Later, in the Zhou Dynasty”、“A big change happened in the Qin Dynasty”和“Many centuries later, during the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1912) dynasties”可知，作者按时间顺序讲述了印章雕刻的历史。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“First, draw a design (设计) on the seal.”、“Second, use a special carving tool to cut the design.”、“Then put ink on the seal when the carving is done.”和“Next, press the seal on a piece of paper.”可知，刻印章的明确步骤顺序为：绘图→雕刻→上墨→按压。即②④③①。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“People collect old seals for their history and many learn carving as a way to learn tradition and relax themselves.”可知，中国印章雕刻现在仍然流行是因为人们可以体验文化，放松自己。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了中国印章雕刻的历史、工艺、文化地位等。目的是介绍中国印章雕刻这种有价值的艺术形式。故选B。 Passage 20 （24-25八年级下·浙江台州·期末）Learning to love yourself helps you overcome (克服) challenges. Loving yourself, also called self-love, means being as kind to yourself as you are to others. Imagine your best friend is worried or upset, then think about how you’d support them and try to make them feel better. Self-love means giving yourself the love, care and respect you might give your friends and family. Becky Goddard-Hill, the writer of Create Your Own Confidence, says self-love means cherishing yourself at all times. “It’s speaking to yourself with kindness and encouragement, and it means taking really good care of your body and mind.” Learning to love who you are makes you believe in yourself and feel that you deserve (值得) good things — such as kind friends and fun experiences. It doesn’t mean you’ll be happy all the time, but when you meet challenges, they’ll be easier to overcome. Studies show that self-love can help friendships, schoolwork and health. “There is always someone looking out for you,” says Goddard-Hill, “because that person is you.” If you make a mistake, tell yourself that everyone gets things wrong sometimes instead of being angry. Then think about what you could do differently next time. Try not to compare (比较) yourself to others and remember that no one is perfect. Goddard-Hill advises to write down your good points and asking your family and friends for their thoughts. “Keep the list somewhere safe and look at it often to remind yourself you are special,” she says. Before you go to bed, think about three things that went well for you that day. “This will help you live more happily in your life,” says Goddard-Hill. Goddard-Hill also thinks it’s a good idea to have a positive (积极) self-talk three times every morning or spend 15 minutes a day for yourself. 1．What does self-love mean according to the passage? ①Being kind to yourself                ②Caring less about others ③Cherishing yourself all the time        ④Giving yourself love, care and respect A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④ 2．In Paragraph 3, what does Goddard-Hill mean? A．Friends and family will always support you. B．Self-love means being your own supporter. C．People should ask others for help often. D．Everyone needs to look after others. 3．How can you practice loving yourself better? A．By correcting your mistakes. B．By being angry at yourself. C．By comparing yourself to others. D．By looking at the list of good points. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To explain how to make new friends B．To teach people how to improve their friendship. C．To encourage people to love and care for themselves. D．To discuss the importance of being kind to others. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文围绕“自爱”展开，阐述了自爱的定义、重要性及实践方法，强调善待自己、珍惜自我对克服挑战的积极作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第2段“Loving yourself, also called self-love, means being as kind to yourself as you are to others...Self-love means giving yourself the love, care and respect you might give your friends and family....”和“self-love means cherishing yourself at all times”可知，自爱包括对自己友善、时刻珍惜自己、给予自己关爱和尊重。①③④符合文意，②“less about others”未提及。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第3段“but when you meet challenges, they’ll be easier to overcome. Studies show that self-love can help friendships, schoolwork and health. ”和“There is always someone looking out for you…because that person is you”可知，Goddard-Hill强调自爱意味着做自己的支持者，而非依赖他人。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第4段“Goddard-Hill advises to write down your good points and asking your family and friends for their thoughts. ‘Keep the list somewhere safe and look at it often to remind yourself you are special,’ she says. ”可知，通过记录并经常查看优点清单可练习自爱。A项“纠正错误”片面，B项“对自己生气”和C项“与他人比较”与文中建议相反。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过定义自爱、分析其益处增强自信、助力挑战等）及具体方法（积极自我对话、记录优点等），始终围绕“自爱”展开，核心目的是鼓励人们关爱自己。故选C。 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·浙江宁波·期末）A special cultural tourism event called “In Ningbo, In Joy” took place at Dongqian Lake, a famous scenic resort on April 7, 2025. The activity was organized to share the culture of Ningbo with the world. Nearly 100 tourists from around the world joined the activity organized by the Dongqian Lake MICE Tourism Alliance. Visitors came from countries like Fiji, Australia, Japan, and the U.S., as well as China’s Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan. The event offered fun ways to explore the lake. Visitors could enjoy a “semi-guided tour”, which means they could choose their own activities. For example, some people rode bikes or took boats to see the lake’s beautiful scenery, while others enjoyed hot spring activities and learned about Ningbo’s old culture. A popular part was the “Elegance (风采) of the Song Dynasty” area. Here, artists showed traditional Chinese crafts, like tea art and fan painting. There was also a special dinner based on the “24 Solar Terms (24节气)”, a Chinese farming calendar. These activities helped guests know Ningbo’s famous travel routes, like trips along the sea Silk Road and Siming Mountain. Chen Yuru, a leader from Fiji, said, “Ningbo’s beauty and culture are fascinating. Each visit teaches me something new.” Xu Lingna, a tourism expert, added, “We hope this event helps more international friends love Ningbo and learn about its culture.” To attract more foreign tourists, Ningbo has started a 3-year plan to double its visitors. Using special visa rules for short stays, Dongqian Lake Resort is working with international communities in Shanghai to create easy travel packages. These “mini-vacation” plans aim to make trips smooth and enjoyable for travelers all over the world. 1．What does “semi-guided tour” refer to in the article? A．Tourists must stay in groups. B．Only locals can join the tour. C．Visitors must follow strict rules. D．Visitors can pick activities freely. 2．Which activity taught guests about ancient Chinese farming? A．Hot spring baths. B．A special dinner. C．Boat rides. D．Bike tours. 3．Which of the following statement is TRUE? A．Chen Yuru thinks Ningbo is boring. B．Xu Lingna wants to build new hotels. C．Tourists must stay in Ningbo for 3 years. D．Ningbo has a plan to get more foreign tourists. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Ningbo’s 3-Year Plan: To Make Its Tourism Better B．Dongqian Lake: A Scenic Resort for Nature Lovers C．In Ningbo, In Joy: Sharing Culture and Beauty with the World D．Traditional Chinese Crafts: The Elegance of the Song Dynasty 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在东钱湖举办的名为“在宁波，在快乐中”的文化旅游活动。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Visitors could enjoy a ‘semi-guided tour’, which means they could choose their own activities.”可知，游客可以享受“半自助游”，这意味着他们可以自行选择活动。由此可推知，semi-guided tour指的是游客可以自由选择做什么活动。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“There was also a special dinner based on the ‘24 Solar Terms (24节气)’, a Chinese farming calendar.”可知，此外，还举办了一场以“二十四节气”为主题的特别晚宴，这是中国传统的农历历法。由此可推知，特别晚宴可以教给游客关于古代中国农业的知识。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“To attract more foreign tourists, Ningbo has started a 3-year plan to double its visitors.”可知，为吸引更多外国游客，宁波已启动为期三年的计划，目标是将游客数量翻一番。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。阅读全文，主要介绍了在东钱湖举办的名为“在宁波，在快乐中”的文化旅游活动。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·浙江宁波·期末） In China, many young people are starting to collect things that others throw away. From bubble tea cups to train tickets, they are keeping these small items (物品) as treasures. This habit is sometimes called “grandma-core (奶奶风囤物)” because it reminds them of how their grandparents used to save everything for future use. Many young people once wondered why their parents and grandparents kept so many things. But now, they find themselves doing the same. A common saying among them is: “First, we question our moms. Then, we understand our moms. Finally, we become our moms.” Luo Jiayi, a 20-year-old college student, is a perfect example. He loves milk tea and has collected many takeout (外卖食品) bags from his favorite drinks. Some bags are reused as gift wrap (礼品包装纸), while others become craft (手工艺) projects or even trash bags. “Many students do this,” he said. “Special bags with movie or game designs are especially popular at school.” However, keeping these items can be a problem, especially in small dorm rooms. Still, young people find creative ways to reuse (再利用) them. On apps like Xiaohongshu and Douyin, young people proudly share how they turn “trash” into useful items. For example: A takeout bag becomes a pencil case. A coffee cup sleeve (套) becomes a book cover. Thermal food packaging (保温食品袋) is reused as a lunch bag. Shoe boxes are not thrown away but are reused as storage (存储) boxes. Another student, 19-year-old Lu Yunli, collects pretty packaging because she loves beautiful things. “Bringing a nice bag to class with my lunch makes me happy,” she said. “These designs are getting more and more attractive.” For young people, saving isn’t about being cheap—it’s about being ▲ . They spend money on things they love but avoid (避免) waste. By reusing and recycling, young people are creating a lifestyle that is both practical and creative. 1．What can we know from the underlined sentence in Para.2? A．Young people often disagree with their parents. B．Young people always keep the same habits. C．Young people once questioned parents, but now copy them. D．Mothers order their children to collect things. 2．According to the passage, which of these ways of reusing items is mentioned? A．Turning a thermal food bag into a pencil case. B．Using a coffee cup sleeve as a book cover. C．Making shoe boxes into gift wrap. D．Reusing a takeout bag as a wallet. 3．Which of the following can be put in “For young people, saving isn’t about being cheap—it’s about being ▲ .” A．proud B．honest C．kind D．smart 4．How does the writer organize the article? A．By comparing past and present habits. B．By describing different age groups’ opinions. C．By listing problems first and then giving advice. D．By showing examples first and then explaining reasons. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国许多年轻人开始收集他人丢弃的物品，并创造性地再利用这些物品的现象。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many young people once wondered why their parents and grandparents kept so many things. But now, they find themselves doing the same. A common saying among them is: ‘First, we question our moms. Then, we understand our moms. Finally, we become our moms.’”可知，许多年轻人曾经疑惑为什么他们的父母和祖父母会保留那么多东西，但现在他们发现自己也在做同样的事情。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“For example: A takeout bag becomes a pencil case. A coffee cup sleeve (套) becomes a book cover. Thermal food packaging (保温食品袋) is reused as a lunch bag. Shoe boxes are not thrown away but are reused as storage (存储) boxes.”可知，选项B“将咖啡杯套用作书皮”在文中被提及。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“For young people, saving isn’t about being cheap—it’s about being ▲ . They spend money on things they love but avoid (避免) waste. By reusing and recycling, young people are creating a lifestyle that is both practical and creative.”可知，年轻人正在创造一种既实用又富有创意的生活方式，因此年轻人以一种聪明的方式在生活。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。文章首先通过描述年轻人收集并再利用物品的现象，然后通过举例来展示年轻人是如何具体操作的，最后解释了年轻人这样做的原因和意义。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·浙江宁波·期末）A new study shows that older wild animals should be protected. Why? Because they have important knowledge that helps other animals in their groups to live. Scientists read thousands of science articles about how old animals affect (影响) their homes and the dangers they face. Old animals do many good things for their homes. For example, when old birds have baby birds, they’re better at getting food and finding a nice place to live. This makes it easier for the baby birds to grow up. Old female elephants are great at remembering which animals are friendly and which ones are not. They’re also better at watching out for dangers, like lions, Old orcas (killer whales) use their smarts to help their families find food when there isn’t much around. But in some places, old animals are in trouble. Fishing has made the number of old fish go down a lot. In some groups, it’s dropped by as much as 97%! This hurts the “group memory” that young fish need to learn how to stay alive. In places where people hunt animals illegally (非法地), old animals are in even more danger. They often have big tusks, horns, or antlers that hunters want. Scientists from Charles Darwin University in Australia say we need to do more to keep old animals alive. They think the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the group that watches over animals in danger around the world, should pay more attention to old animals. This can help experts think of ways to protect them. They also say fishing companies should stop catching so many old fish, so that all the fish can live well. 1．What is the purpose of the second paragraph? A．To introduce different kinds of old wild animals. B．To list the names of groups that protect old animals. C．To show the good things old animals do for their groups. D．To explain the reasons why old animals are in danger. 2．Which reason mainly causes old animals to be in danger? A．Forest fires. B．Human actions. C．Animal competition. D．Water pollution. 3．What does the underlined word “hunt” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Care for and study. B．Learn about and love. C．Look for and kill. D．Run after and protect. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Fishing companies may change their fishing ways. B．The IUCN has already done enough for old animals. C．Old animals won’t face any dangers in the future. D．Only old fish really need to be protected well. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新研究指出老年野生动物应被保护，因其对群体有益却面临危险，科学家为此提出了保护建议。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Old animals do many good things for their homes.”以及后文列举的老鸟、母象、虎鲸对各自群体的帮助可知，该段是为了说明老年动物为它们的群体所做的好事。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Fishing has made the number of old fish go down a lot.”和“In places where people hunt animals illegally, old animals are in even more danger.”可知，主要是人类活动导致老年动物处于危险之中。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“They often have big tusks, horns, or antlers that hunters want.”可推测，猎人想要老年动物的 tusks、horns等，所以“hunt”应是“寻找并杀死”的意思。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They also say fishing companies should stop catching so many old fish, so that all the fish can live well.”可推断，渔业公司可能会改变他们的捕鱼方式。故选A。   Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）①Feeding wild animals can seem kind, but it might also cause problems. In places where humans live, animals like birds and foxes have learned to live near people. Many people enjoy watching these animals and leaving food for them. However, others believe it’s better to leave animals alone. ②During hard times like winter or long dry periods, animals face big problems. For example, foxes have trouble finding insects when the ground turns icy or rock-hard. Giving them more food during these months could be a lifesaver. It can also help support biodiversity, which means having many different kinds of wildlife in one area. ③For people who love seeing wildlife, leaving food out is a perfect way to get close to animals. It is like opening a window to nature. People can learn more about the wildlife that lives in their local area. ④On the other side, there are risks. Young animals might become reliant on the food, which could stop them from learning how to find food on their own. This could leave them helpless later in life. Feeding can also spread diseases (疾病). For example, dirty bird feeders can pass sickness between birds. ⑤Lastly, not all “helpful” foods are healthy. Animals often take the easy way out, eating junk food left by humans instead of their natural meals. This means they might miss out on the nutrients (营养) they truly need. ⑥So, should we feed wildlife? It’s like a coin with two sides. While it supports animals in hard times and connects us to nature, it also carries hidden dangers. The answer? Be smart and kind—Do research first, keep feeding areas clean, and let wild animals stay independent as much as possible. After all, their true home is the wild—not our backyards. 1．Which of the following is a good side of feeding wild animals? A．People can keep different kinds of wild animals in their backyards. B．Sometimes it might save a wild animal’s life in its hard times. C．It’s a perfect way to get close to animals at anytime. D．Wild animals can get the nutrients they truly need. 2．What does the underlined word “reliant” mean in paragraph 4? A．dependent B．nervous C．careful D．active 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 4．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To introduce different kinds of animals. B．To point out the problems of animals. C．To share an interesting personal experience. D．To express an opinion of feeding wild animals. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了投喂野生动物的利弊，最后给出应谨慎投喂的观点。 1．细节理解题。根据“During hard times like winter or long dry periods, animals face big problems. For example, foxes have trouble finding insects when the ground turns icy or rock-hard. Giving them more food during these months could be a lifesaver.”可知，在野生动物困难时期给它们喂食可能会挽救它们的生命。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Young animals might become reliant on the food, which could stop them from learning how to find food on their own.”可知，小动物可能会变得依赖食物，这会阻止它们学习自己寻找食物，所以“reliant”意思是“依赖的”，和“dependent”意思相近。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。文章第一段提出喂野生动物这件事有两面性，第二段和第三段讲喂野生动物的好处，第四段和第五段讲喂野生动物的风险，最后一段总结，所以结构是总—分—总。故选C。 4．观点态度题。文章主要讨论了喂野生动物这件事的利弊，表达了作者对于喂野生动物的观点。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·浙江舟山·期末）①Over the past few years, cars have become smarter. Some of them can even drive themselves. Now, our roads are also becoming smart. In the United Kingdom alone, there are around 650 kilometers of “smart roads” in use. Across the world, many more are being built. Some new technologies are being put to use. Roads that make electricity (电) ②The environmental problem has forced us to search for new energy (能源). With the right technologies, cars around the world could make energy as they go. ③The roads are build out of something special. When cars drive on them, the vibrations from passing cars make electricity. In this way, the electricity will continue to come until the car stops. This technology first came out in 1880. However, it has never been widely used before. The U.K.’s Lancaster University is improving it. They are trying to store the electricity in the car for later use. Roads that never freeze ④It can be dangerous to drive in snowy weather. A technology company has already developed the snowless roads. When there is snow or ice, the roads will get warm themselves. The idea has been successfully tested on a few Canadian roads and in some of its car parks. Roads that think ⑤Roads of the future may be able to know how many people are on them. They could tell about the weather and traffic conditions, and offer electricity to cars as they drive. ⑥This seems to be a dream, but one American company has almost made it come true. By guessing the weight (重量) of a car, the company’s smart roads can know how fast it moves. “We are simply making very large special computers on the road,” says Tim Sylvester, CEO of the company. “The roads collect all the information of the traveling car and send it to the driver to help them drive more safely”. 1．The writer uses the example of “smart cars” at the beginning to________. A．tell the history B．show the importance C．share the problem D．raise the reader’s interest 2．The underlined word “vibrations” in Paragraph③ mostly means________. A．loud noises B．stored energy C．shaking move D．car windows 3．What does Tim Sylvester want to show in the last paragraph? A．how the roads worked B．how people build the new roads C．how large the roads were D．how hard it was to develop the roads 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Roads of the Future B．Snowless Highways C．Green Energy Maker D．Smart Cars of Tomorrow 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，分三个板块介绍了发电道路、自融雪道路和智能道路。 1．推理判断题。根据“Over the past few years, cars have become smarter. Some of them can even drive themselves. Now, our roads are also becoming smart.”可知，文章开头提到人们可能比较熟悉的“智能汽车”，是为了自然地引出本文真正要讨论的主题——“智能道路”。这是一种常见的写作手法，用熟悉的概念吸引读者的注意力，为介绍新事物做铺垫。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“When cars drive on them, the vibrations from passing cars make electricity. In this way, the electricity will continue to come until the car stops.”可知，此处“vibration”指的一种发电方式；常识和上下文都表明，汽车经过时会引起地面的震动/抖动，这种物理运动被转化为电能。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“‘We are simply making very large special computers on the road,’ says Tim Sylvester, CEO of the company. ‘The roads collect all the information of the traveling car and send it to the driver to help them drive more safely’.”可知，Tim Sylvester 说：“我们本质上是在道路上建造非常大的特殊计算机。道路收集所有行驶车辆的信息并发送给司机，以帮助他们更安全地驾驶。” 他是在用“大型特殊计算机”这个比喻来解释智能道路的工作原理和功能。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。文章的核心主题是介绍几种正在研发或应用中的新型智能道路技术：发电道路、自融雪道路、能感知交通状况的智能道路。这些道路代表了道路未来的发展方向。选项A“道路的未来”准确概括文章的大意。故选A。 Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·浙江宁波·期末）①A little brown-and-white bird flies across the East African grassland and finds a hive (蜂房) in a big tree. The bird loves bee larvae (幼虫), her favorite food, but she’s too small to challenge groups of bees. Luckily, she has a helper: humans! She’s a greater honeyguide. And this kind of birds has guided tribes (部落) in East Africa to find honey for thousands of years. ②Honeyguides are special because they’re wild and no one trains them. Also, they don’t learn their honey- finding skills from their parents. This means they know these skills all by themselves. ③The honeyguide flies back to look for humans. When she finds them, she chatters (喋喋不休) loudly. Then the tribes know that the bird is ready to lead them to find honey. They run after her. When they reach the hive, the honeyguide sings a new song to say, “Here it is!” After the humans get enough honey, they leave the larvae behind for the honeyguide. ④Many East African tribes get honey only in this way. Each tribe has a different way of talking with the honeyguide. In Moambique, people develop a call “brrrrr-hmmph”. Other tribes have a special whistle (口哨). ⑤The role of this little bird is smaller, however. As more people move to cities and work on the farms, fewer people know how to find honey with honeyguides. Besides, some even learned to raise their own bees. But for people in Mozambique, they still love these little birds. They know that by working together, life’s a little sweeter for everyone. 1．What is TRUE about a honeyguide from Paragraph 1 and 2? A．It doesn’t show any interest in bee larvae. B．It can take tribes in East Africa to find hives. C．It is often black and white with a small build. D．Its parents carefully teach it how to find honey. 2．What do honeyguides do to let the local tribes know they’ve reached hives? A．Sing a different song. B．Whistle in a special way. C．Shout “brrrrr-hmmh”. D．Talk loudly with no end. 3．How does the writer show the living conditions of honeyguides in Paragraph 5? A．By listing numbers.B．By asking questions.C．By comparing facts. D．By telling a story. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．A Sweet Trade B．A Common Bird C．Tribes’ Culture D．Fights with Bees 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了东非的一种特殊鸟类——响蜜鴷（honeyguide），它们与人类合作寻找蜂蜜的独特行为，并探讨了这种传统在现代社会中的变化。 1．细节理解题。 根据①段“A little brown-and-white bird… She’s a greater honeyguide. And this kind of birds has guided tribes (部落) in East Africa to find honey for thousands of years.”和②段“they don’t learn their honey-finding skills from their parents”可知，这种鸟能引导部落找蜂巢，且技能并非父母传授。故选B。 2．细节理解题。 根据③段“The honeyguide flies back to look for humans. When she finds them, she chatters ( 喋喋不休) loudly. Then the tribes know that the bird is ready to lead them to find honey. They run after her. When they reach the hive, the honeyguide sings a new song to say, ‘Here it is!’”可知，鸟通过改变歌声提示到达蜂巢。故选A。 3．推理判断题。 根据⑤段“As more people move to cities and work on the farms, fewer people know how to find honey with honeyguides. Besides, some even learned to raise their own bees.”可知，作者通过对比城市化与传统捕蜜方式的变化说明现状。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据⑤段“ They know that by working together, life’s a little sweeter for everyone.”及全文围绕响蜜鴷与人类合作获取蜂蜜的互利关系展开，突出“甜蜜交易”的主题。标题A最贴合主旨。故选A。 Passage 7 （24-25八年级下·浙江温州·期末） Are we alone in the universe? How can we know if there is life out there in space? Just as the famous scientist Carl Sagan said, “Where there’s water, there might be life.” We’ve searched for water on many other planets, especially on Mars. In 1877, Schiaparelli watched Mars and noticed some lines. Some people believed the lines could be man-made rivers and life on Mars built them. Then, in 1964, NASA sent Mariner 4 to take photos of Mars. Yet there was nothing to see on the planet, just a cold and dry wasteland. This didn’t stop people’s interest. Scientists decided to find out if there was once life on Mars. In 2004, NASA’s two rovers (探测器), Spirit and Opportunity, found white lines on rocks from different places on Mars. It showed that perhaps water moved through the ground before. In 2013, another rover, Curiosity, found 2% of water in the soil (土壤) on Mars. The discoveries were encouraging. However, they were still not enough to show there was life on Mars. These days a Chinese research team opened new doors. After China’s Zhurong rover reached Mars on May 22nd, 2021, the team studied the area around the rover’s landing place. They found special layers (层) of rocks. The layers looked a lot like those near the earth’s coastlines. This finding has been the biggest so far. It shows there was a sea on Mars a long time ago! The discovery makes people believe that Mars was once warm, wet and habitable. To make Mars a good place to live again, scientists can study how it changed from warm and wet to cold and dry. Now, China is planning to send astronauts to Mars. We are the ones who will go on writing the history. Was there life on Mars? What surprising facts will be discovered next? Let’s wait and see! 1．In Paragraph 1, how does the writer show water is important for finding life? A．He lists numbers. B．He tells fun science stories. C．He gives examples. D．He uses a famous person’s words. 2．Which is the correct order of the findings on Mars since 1877? ①There was once a sea on Mars. ②There was water in the soil on Mars. ③There could be man-made rivers on Mars. ④Maybe water once moved through the ground on Mars. A．④③②① B．④①③② C．③④②① D．③①④② 3．What does the underlined word “habitable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Fine to live on.B．Easy to change. C．Difficult to land on. D．Impossible to study. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Mars, Are You Out There? B．Hello, Is Anyone on Mars? C．Mars, We Need Water on the Earth! D．Hello, Let’s Visit Mars Again! 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人类对火星上是否存在生命的探索历程，从早期的观察到现代的探测发现，尤其是关于火星上可能存在水的证据。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Just as the famous scientist Carl Sagan said, ‘Where there’s water, there might be life.’”可知，作者通过引用著名科学家卡尔·萨根的话来说明水对寻找生命的重要性。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章内容：1877年：Schiaparelli观察到火星上的线条，有人认为可能是人造河流（③）。2004年：Spirit和Opportunity探测器发现白色线条，表明可能有水曾流过地面（④）。2013年：Curiosity探测器发现土壤中含有2%的水（②）。2021年：中国祝融号发现火星上曾存在海的证据（①）。 因此正确的顺序是③④②①。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第5段“The discovery makes people believe that Mars was once warm, wet and habitable.”以及后文“To make Mars a good place to live again”可知，habitable的意思是“适合居住的”。故选A。 4．最佳标题。文章主要围绕人类对火星上是否存在生命的探索展开，重点讨论了火星上可能存在水的证据以及这些发现的意义。选项B“Hello, Is Anyone on Mars?”最能概括文章的主旨。故选B。 Passage 8 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）①Have you ever felt like you are just running from one activity to another? In school, do you hurry from one subject to another? When things happen so fast, it’s easy to get lost of what you’re doing or learning. It’s important to stop yourself every now and then to think about what you’ve been doing or learning. ②Self-reflection (反省) means slowing down and cooling yourself down, including calming your mind. By being calm and not going quickly, you give your brain a chance to think about what is already received. Some people like to do self-reflections only in their mind. Others write down in diaries or notes. Either way works, depending on your own personal learning. You can follow the steps to do self-reflection. ③First, choose the proper time to do it. School textbooks are divided (划分) into units of study. This makes it easier to begin self-reflection. Look for time when you complete a unit of study. Sometimes you know the unit is over because there is some kind of test. Use these natural breaks to stop and do self-reflection. ④Then, find a quiet place and take out your reflection diary. Write down some notes on the new things that you learned in the unit. Let your mind think about the notes you’ve written before and make some connections (联系). ⑤Finally, think about things that you’re not sure of. Maybe you learned a new way to work out a math problem, but you’re not sure when to use it. Writing down your questions will help you remember to look for answers the next time you are working with the same topic. ⑥Self-reflection is important for a successful student. If you have never taken the time to do self-reflection, try it now. 1．According to Paragraph 2, how can people do self-reflection? A．Work quickly. B．Think about the future. C．Keep a diary. D．Learn by oneself. 2．Which of the following is a right way of doing self-reflection? A．When the exam of each unit ends, Mary will start learning the next very soon. B．Cindy writes down some notes after class and then goes to play with classmates. C．Mike looks through his new notes and then checks the notes he has taken before. D．After finding a new way to solve a science problem, Tony uses it as often as possible. 3．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Why is Self-reflection Important? B．Try Doing Self-Refection Now! C．How Can We Learn Fast? D．Keep Ourselves Busy! 4．What is the structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文通过指出快速学习的弊端，提出“自我反省”作为解决方案，并详细说明其定义、步骤和重要性，最终呼吁读者立即实践。 1．细节理解题。根据“Some people like to do self-reflections only in their mind. Others write down in diaries or notes.”可知，写日记是自我反省的一种方式。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Write down some notes on the new things that you learned in the unit. Let your mind think about the notes you’ve written before and make some connections (联系).”可知，写下你在本单元学到的新东西。让你的大脑想想你之前写过的笔记，并建立一些联系，C项“迈克看了看他的新笔记，然后检查他以前做过的笔记。”是正确的自我反省方式。故选C。 3．最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，本文强调自我反省的重要性，同 时也给出了具体步骤，由此我们可知，作者实际上是在呼吁大家在快节奏的生活中自我反 省，理清思路。所以B项“现在就试着自我反省吧！”适合作标题。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通过全文可知，第一段先写人们处 于快节奏的状态，需要停下来思考；第二段正式引出主旨，即自我反省，并论述了什么是自 我反省，以及反省的方式；第三段到第五段，是自我反省的具体步骤；第六段是总结，强调自我反省的重要性。所以一、二、六段独立， 三到五段并列。故选B。 Passage 9 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）About 80 percent of Chinese university students believe they have SAD—social anxiety disorder (社交恐惧症), according to a survey of over 4, 800 students by the China Youth Daily in November last year. But do you really have SAD or you are just being introverted (内向的)? Here is something you need to know. Being introverted is one kind of your personality while SAD can be a serious illness. If you are introverted, you may not like or it may take time to warm up in a group. However, if you have SAD, you will be really seriously nervous when you face or even think about social situations, and this will possibly cause more problems, including a fear for parties or other social activities. Introverted people will use their free time to relax before or after social activities. They may read or get prepared for the coming activities when they are alone. For those with SAD, taking part in an activity might cause fear or stress. Some may even feel really sick, for example, a high blood pressure or a sudden stomachache. When it comes to public speaking, introverted people hate the meaningless talk after the event, but they may not hate the speech itself. For those living with SAD, standing in front of a group is a problem for them. They are often afraid that they’ll say the wrong thing and some may not be able to control the shake of their bodies. You’d better go to an expert for advice if you guess you have SAD．Actually, most of you will find that you are simply a bit introverted. And for those who have real problems as SAD, it is possible to get out of the problem with proper ways. 1．How does the writer help the readers understand SAD and introversion? A．By explaining the causes. B．By asking questions. C．By using numbers. D．By making comparisons. 2．Which one of the following students can possibly have SAD according to the passage? A．Lucy always listens to music before making a public speech. B．Tom feels a little difficult to excite himself at the beginning of parties. C．Jim cannot stop shaking whenever thinking of going to a party. D．Lily enjoys the feeling of standing in front of a group. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Most of the university students have SAD in fact. B．A person with a sudden stomachache must have SAD． C．Serious SAD may cause a high blood pressure. D．A person with SAD always says wrong things. 4．In which part of magazine can you read this kind of passage? A．Health. B．Technology. C．Culture. D．News. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文通过对比社交恐惧症（SAD）与内向性格的差异，说明SAD是一种需专业干预的疾病，而非普通性格特征，并指出多数自认有SAD的人实际只是内向。 1．推理判断题。全文通过并列对比SAD与内向在社交场合反应、独处状态和公开演讲表现三方面的差异，来帮助读者理解SAD和内向，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“For those with SAD, taking part in an activity might cause fear or stress. Some may even feel really sick, for example, a high blood pressure or a sudden stomachache.”及“For those living with SAD, standing in front of a group is a problem for them. They are often afraid that they’ll say the wrong thing and some may not be able to control the shake of their bodies.”可知，SAD患者参与活动会恐惧或压力大，甚至出现高血压、腹痛，公开演讲时身体不受控颤抖，选项C“吉姆一想到要去参加晚会就不停地发抖。”符合该症状，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“For those with SAD, taking part in an activity might cause fear or stress. Some may even feel really sick, for example, a high blood pressure or a sudden stomachache.”可知，SAD可能引发高血压，故选C。 4．推理判断题。全文聚焦心理健康议题，区分病理性的SAD与性格层面的内向，并提供就医建议，属于健康科普范畴，故选A。 Passage 10 （24-25八年级下·浙江台州·期末） China has made a plan to help people control their weight. This plan was introduced during this year’s “Two Sessions (两会).” According to the plan, hospitals all over the country will set up “weight management clinics (体重管理诊所)”. Doctors at these clinics will give medical advice on how to control weight. Over the past 40 years, the number of overweight people in China has grown a lot. In general, people are eating more and exercising less. By 2021, more than 400 million adults were too heavy. That’s more than twice the number in the U.S. or India. According to a study published in The Lancet (《柳叶刀》) medical magazine, this number will rise to 630 million by 2050. Overweight people are more likely to have health problems, such as high blood pressure and heart disease. Big cities like Beijing and Shanghai have already set up weight control clinics. They use safe ways to help people lose weight. These include healthy diets and traditional Chinese medicine. People in rural (农村) areas need help, too. A study in 2023 found that the number of people with weight problems has been on the rise since 2005 in rural areas. On Chinese social media, you can see many ads for weight-loss products. Some people even sell “magic” pills (药丸). Experts warn that these pills can be dangerous. As a safer choice, China is now developing medicines to help control people’s appetite. The government is asking hotels, schools and businesses for help. For example, the government tells hotels to put a scale in each room to remind guests to make healthy choices. The government also asks schools to teach kids about healthy eating. In some cities, people can’t sell junk food at or near schools. 1．What is the main purpose (目的) of China’s new plan? A．To teach kids about junk food. B．To help people control their weight. C．To train more doctors for medical advice. D．To build more hospitals across the country. 2．How does the writer show the great importance of controlling weight in China in paragraph 2? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples. 3．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Kids in all cities can’t buy junk food anywhere. B．Hotels will make more money by putting scales in rooms. C．The government is trying to control people’s weight in many ways. D．Schools have to stop teaching other subjects to focus on healthy eating. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The Danger of “Magic” Pills B．Healthy Eating in Chinese Schools C．Weight Management Clinics in Big Cities D．China’s Plan to Help People Control Weight 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国为应对日益严重的肥胖问题制定的体重管理计划，包括设立体重管理门诊、研发药物等措施。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“China has made a plan to help people control their weight.”可知，中国制定了一项帮助人们控制体重的计划。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“By 2021, more than 400 million adults were too heavy. That’s more than twice the number in the U.S. or India.”和“this number will rise to 630 million by 2050.”可知，本段主要通过列举数字来显示控制体重的重要性。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The government is asking...kids about healthy eating.”可知，政府要求酒店、学校和企业提供帮助。例如，政府要求酒店在每个房间里放一个秤，提醒客人做出健康的选择。政府还要求学校教育孩子健康饮食。由此可推知，政府正试图通过多种方式控制人们的体重。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国为应对日益严重的肥胖问题制定的体重管理计划。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 阅读理解（说明文）30篇 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末） ①A new report from the United Nations said that glaciers (冰川) are melting (融化) faster than ever before. This is a problem because many people depend on these glaciers for their food and water. To solve it, China is using some smart ideas to make glaciers melt slowly. ②One idea is to use special glacier blankets (毯子). At Dagu Glacier in Sichuan, scientists covered a 500-square-meter area with blankets made of geotextiles (土工织物) . The blankets stopped the glacier from getting too hot from the sun, which slowed melting by about 34% from August 2020 to October 2021. Another test used very thin, high-tech blankets on Glacier No. 1 in Xinjiang. They worked best in summer. The test showed they slowed melting by up to 70% during the hottest months. ③Scientists also create artificial snow (人造雪) to help glaciers stay cooler and melt more slowly. In April and May 2023, scientists did this in the Bailanghe Glacier in the Qilian Mountains. This project used rockets to make snow. The glacier grew 5.9% bigger. ④Besides, China also tries to watch glaciers carefully. Now drones (无人机) and satellites (卫星) are used to monitor (监控) glaciers. ⑤China’s good actions have made a difference to protecting glaciers. These actions not only slow down melting but also provide important experience for global climate actions. 1．How many ways has China used to make glaciers melt slowly? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 2．How can glacier blankets help protect glaciers? A．They help produce more water. B．They help glaciers grow bigger. C．They stop glaciers from getting hot. D．They keep watch on the change of glaciers. 3．Why did the writer write this article? A．To explain why glaciers are melting. B．To introduce China’s ways to protect glaciers. C．To describe different beautiful glaciers in China. D．To compare different technologies around the world. 4．What is the structure (结构) of this article? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·浙江台州·期末） There are large birds in many countries, but the ostrich (鸵鸟) is the largest, heaviest and tallest of them all. It can weigh as much as 150 kg and can be nearly two metres tall. Ostriches are the fastest birds on land. They can run up to 70 kmph. But they cannot fly. Ostriches live in Africa in dry savannah (稀树草原) or desert conditions. They usually live in groups of ten to fifty birds. They eat mainly seeds, shrubs, fruits, flowers and small insects. They can live without drinking water for several days. It is no surprise that they have the largest egg of any living bird. Eating one ostrich egg is about the same as eating 24 hen’s eggs! An ostrich egg is 15 cm long, 13 cm wide and weighs 1.4kg. The females lay up to 60 eggs in a year. Ostriches make holes in the sand for their nests. The nest is called “a dump”. The females all share this nest. It can hold up to 60 eggs. People used to believe that ostriches hid their heads in the sand so as not to be seen! This is not true. Probably, they are digging out sand or pebbles (鹅卵石) to help their digestion (消化). Or they may be turning the eggs in their nests. There is a saying that people behave like an ostrich if they don’t want to face a problem. We say, “Don’t bury your head in the sand.” The female ostrich has grey feathers (羽毛) while the male ostrich has black and white feathers. People have used ostrich feathers in fashion for a long time. In the 1920s, rich women and performers loved wearing big fans and hats with these feathers. And they are still used today for decoration. In South Africa, ostriches are even ridden in races, but the riders have to be very careful. A kick from an ostrich can kill. 1．What can we know about ostriches in paragraph 2? ① Height.            ② Food.                ③ Sleeping time.        ④ Living habits. A．②④ B．②③ C．①④ D．①③ 2．What does the word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The ostrich. B．The sand. C．The dump. D．The dry savannah. 3．What does the saying “Don’t bury your head in the sand” mean? A．Try to face problems. B．Get out of a difficult situation. C．Protect yourself from an ostrich. D．Hide your feelings from others. 4．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To introduce ostriches in different ways. B．To compare ostriches with other large birds. C．To share a personal story about seeing ostriches. D．To persuade (说服) readers to protect ostriches in the wild. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·浙江丽水·期末） Different kinds of music affect our feelings and alertness (警觉；灵敏) in different ways. Some kinds of music make us want to dance. Others build our confidence. Lullabies make babies and young kids feel calm (镇静)—so calm that they fall asleep at once. Lullabies can be heard in cultures all over the world. Though they come from different places, these songs have a lot in common. They usually have simple words and a gentle rhythm (节奏). What’s more, people usually sing them in a soft voice. Over the years, scientists have studied lullabies to find out more about their calming powers (力量). Research has shown that lullabies can slow a baby’s heart and breathing rates. These are signs of relaxation. The songs also make babies less alert to things around them, helping them to fall asleep faster and sleep better. Experts find out a few reasons why lullabies are so calming for babies and others. For one thing, the slow rhythms of lullabies are similar to the comforting sounds a baby would have heard before birth—for example, the sounds of the mother’s heartbeat. For another, lullabies let babies know that someone caring for them is nearby. And this makes them feel safe and super relaxed. But babies aren’t the only ones who benefit from lullabies. According to researchers, singing these songs relax both the listener and the singer. So if you need a bit of calm, sing or listen to a lullaby—then try to keep your eyes open! 1．Which of the following is TRUE about lullabies? A．They can make a baby’s heart beat faster. B．Lullabies can help babies become more alert. C．They can be heard in different cultures worldwide. D．Lullabies in different cultures have little in common. 2．How many reasons are mentioned why lullabies can calm babies in Paragraph 4? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．What does the underlined word “benefit” probably mean? A．Accept some gifts. B．Get something good. C．Know something fun. D．Learn some information. 4．What’s the writer’s writing purpose (意图)? A．To share ways to write lullabies. B．To show the history of lullabies. C．To express the love for lullabies. D．To tell some facts about lullabies. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）A new report by The Rivers Trust (an organization that protects rivers in the UK and Ireland) shows that many rivers are not in good health. But you can help by watching rivers. The group started its new project, Big River Watch, on 6th September, 2024, in the UK and Ireland. It uses technology like smartphone apps to help scientists do better research. It is important for The Rivers Trust to collect useful information about rivers. This helps them know how dirty the rivers are and what problems they have. It’s even better if more people join it. That’s because people can check different river areas. Then, scientists can get more information from many places, not just from a few rivers. With more information, they can better understand the real situation of the rivers. So, everyone’s help is important because it makes the information about rivers more complete (完整的). This helps scientists make better decisions to protect our rivers. To join it, you need to download (下载) the free Big River Watch app on your phone at first. Then choose a river, pick a place on the riverside and watch it carefully for 15 minutes. At last, through the app you can send information about the things that you notice in or along the river, like animals, water speed, and pollution. Experts at the Rivers Trust will study the results and share the information with other organizations. With the results, the government can make much more useful plans of action, and the scientists will find right places for rubbish picks or river clean-ups. And you will know the importance of protecting the rivers by joining Big River Watch. 1．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The scientists. B．The rivers. C．The phones. D．The organizations. 2．What is the right order of joining the Big River Watch program from Paragraph 3? a. Choose a proper place.        b. Download a free app. c. Send the information.        d. Watch the river carefully. A．a-b-c-d B．a-b-d-c C．b-a-d-c D．b-a-c-d 3．How can scientists find right places for river clean-ups from the last paragraph? A．By studying the results from the app. B．By working with governments. C．By taking photos with smartphones. D．By watching the rivers carefully. 4．In which part of a newspaper can we probably find this passage? A．Culture. B．Health. C．History. D．Nature. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）Singapore is one of the cleanest countries in the world and attracts a large number of people around the world every year. People in the country have many strict rules in public. These rules make sure that streets are clean and parks look nice. Now, we’ve listed the “Dos and Don’ts” in Singapore. There are many things you must do in Singapore. When using the escalator (自动扶梯) in Singapore, you must stand on the left and walk on the right. This allows those people who want to walk up to go around you easily. Singapore also provides bike-riding roads and walking roads, so you must make sure you walk on the right roads. This keeps everyone much safer. And cash (现金) is welcomed in Singapore. Many shops in the neighborhood hope customers to pay in cash, so having enough cash in hand is important. Also, you must bring a bottle if you want to drink water, because you can get tap water (自来水) easily in Singapore. The water is carefully tested, so it’s safe to drink straight from the tap. Bottled water is widely available but it’s quite expensive, while tap water is gratis. However, there are some things that you can’t do. In Singapore, for example, the sale of chewing gum (口香糖) is not allowed. You cannot even bring gum with you. To keep public transportation clean, eating and drinking on trains and buses is not allowed, as it can make the seats and floors dirty. You can’t play loud music or talk loudly on your phone either, since it might make other passengers angry. People in Singapore take their rules very seriously, which makes their country clean and enjoyable for people from around the world. 1．What can people do in Singapore? A．Chew gum in public places. B．Talk with others loudly on the bus. C．Buy bottled water with cash. D．Stand on the right on an escalator. 2．What does the underlined word “gratis” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Fresh. B．Cool. C．Delicious. D．Free. 3．Why CAN’T people eat on trains in Singapore? A．Because food is not sold on trains. B．Because it may make the floor dirty. C．Because other people may get hungry. D．Because the train tickets are expensive. 4．What does the passage mainly introduce about Singapore? A．Strict rules. B．Water safety. C．Public roads. D．Cash using. Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·浙江金华·期末） On April 19, 2025, Beijing’s Yizhuang district held the world’s first humanoid (人形的) robot half-marathon. Twenty-one teams of robots from big cities including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou entered the 21.1-kilometre race with the help of human runners, showing how robots can deal with real world tasks like long-distance running. The winner, Tiangong Ultra from the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center, made it in 2 hours and 40 minutes with a top speed of 12 kilometers per hour. Scientists used special materials to lighten the 1.8-meter-tall robot’s weight and used cooling systems to avoid overheating. Other teams, such as Whirlwind Kid and Little Giant, caught people’s eyes because of AI-powered control on slopes (斜坡) and stone paths. The race tested if the robots did well in difficult situations. The paths had difficult turns and slopes. Teams could change batteries (电池) at seven supply stations. If teams changed the whole robot to run, they would lose 10 minutes. Some robots wore special shoes to protect legs, while others used real-time sensors (传感器) to avoid falls. Except for competition, the event greatly improved real-world robotics. For example, Tsinghua University’s Kuafu robot learned to move better with a little training, showing ability for saving people from dangerous situations like an earthquake. It is a milestone, marking future uses such as helping doctors in hospitals or moving products in factories. Beijing’s Yizhuang area, home to over 100 robotics companies, plans to use these technologies widely in healthcare and other fields. As an engineer said, “This marathon shows how robots and humans can work together for a smarter future.” 1．How fast can Tiangong Ultra run? A．10km/h. B．12 km/h. C．21.1 km/h. D．40 km/h. 2．How did Tiangong Ultra avoid overheating? A．By using cooling systems. B．By changing batteries. C．By wearing special shoes. D．By using real-time sensors. 3．Why do people treat the event as a milestone? A．Because it was the first time robot ran a half-marathon. B．Because it will take place of human beings in the future. C．Because it shows the future uses of robots in different fields. D．Because it is from the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center. 4．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To show Kuafu robot’s daily work. B．To show how to make humanoid robots. C．To show the meaning of half-marathon. D．To show the development of China’s robots. Passage 7 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）New research coming out of Tohoku University says that wasabi (芥末) is good for the ability to remember. Wasabi, a spicy green paste, is widely used in Japanese dishes. A recent study tested people between the ages of sixty and eighty. Some of the test members took a certain amount of wasabi every night before going to bed. The others were given a placebo (无效对照剂). After three months, the people who took the wasabi had much better results in memory tests. The placebo-takers did not show any improvement. Wasabi was already known to have an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory called 6-MSITC that is rare (稀少) in other plants. Scientists believe a chemical called 6-MSITC might change how the brain’s “memory center-hippocampus (海马体)” works. They will continue researching with the hope that wasabi can help people that are experiencing dementia (痴呆症). This new research seems to be good news for sushi-eaters. However, ▲ . Instead, it is white horseradish (辣根酱) that has been colored green. Real wasabi is difficult to grow and, as a result, is very expensive. It also needs to be made and served fresh at once before being eaten. 1．According to paragraph 2, who can have better memory? A．Early sleepers. B．Placebo takers. C．People between 60 and 80. D．People who keep eating wasabi for 3 months. 2．What in wasabi has something to do with memory improvement? A．Dishes B．6-MSITC． C．Placebo. D．Hippocampus. 3．Which can be the best to fill in the blank ________? A．wasabi is not a popular paste around the world B．most people in Japan don’t think the research is true C．most wasabi that is served in Japan is not real wasabi D．fresh wasabi is so expensive that people can’t eat it very often 4．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To discuss the health risks of eating spicy food. B．To explain the way of making sushi with wasabi. C．To compare real wasabi with green-colored horseradish. D．To introduce a new study on wasabi from a Japanese university. Passage 8 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）Are you planning to visit the Legoland Shanghai Resort (上海乐高乐园度假区) during your coming summer vacation? The park, due to open on July 5 this summer, will have eight theme lands made from over 85 million Lego bricks (积木). One special highlight will be the world’s first Lego Monkie Kid (悟空小侠) area, according to the Chinese classic Journey to the West. Xinhua reported that The Making of Harry Potter studio tour and the Peppa Pig Theme Park are also coming to Shanghai, and both plan to open in 2027. But why is it always Shanghai? John Jakobsen, the officer of Legoland Resorts, told Xinhua that it’s because of China’s strong consumer (消费者) market. Especially in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui, there are about 55 million possible consumers. Another reason is that it’s easy to get around in Shanghai. The city’s subway now has 22 lines. Together with planes and high-speed trains, people from all over the country can easily reach the park. This is important for theme parks because it allows more visitors to come and enjoy, said The Paper. Meanwhile, there are many shops, hotels and restaurants in Shanghai. They can meet the different needs of visitors, reported the Economic Daily. The government is also playing a big role in bringing parks to Shanghai. According to the 2025 Government Work Report, China will speed up more important events and work harder to develop cultural businesses and the tourism businesses. 1．What’s special about the Legoland Shanghai Resort? A．It has the biggest theme lands. B．It has the first Lego Monkie Kid area. C．It’s made from Lego bricks. D．It’s the first theme park in Shanghai. 2．Which of the following make Shanghai a top choice for building theme parks? ①big market    ②beautiful environment    ③easy travel    ④government’s help A．②③④ B．①②③ C．①②④ D．①③④ 3．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell us where we can spend our vacation. B．To teach us how to travel around Shanghai. C．To explain why Shanghai is home to more theme parks. D．To show us what the Legoland Shanghai Resort is like. 4．In which part of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Healthy Living B．School Life C．Travel Guide D．Animal World Passage 9 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）In recent years, many countries seem to have lost interest in holding world events like the Olympics (奥运会). While 11 cities wanted to host the 2004 Olympics, that number dropped to just two for the 2024 Games. The World Expo (世博会), however, doesn’t seem to be losing popularity. The 2025 World Expo, which opened in Osaka, Japan, on April 13, has interested four countries and more than 1 million visitors. Why is there a difference? One reason might be the high cost of hosting the Olympics. Host cities often spend more than expected, needing to build special sports fields and provide hotels for many athletes and tourists. For example, the Tokyo Games in 2021 spent about $15.4 billion, according to AP News. Hosting a World Expo seems to be a better choice. The news website Stuff reported that the UAE government spent over $7 billion on the 2020 Dubai World Expo—much less than the Tokyo Olympics. Yet, the event played an important role in helping the UAE government. One important result is that Expo City Dubai reused 80 percent of its buildings built for the World Expo. Holding a World Expo can also help develop the whole country. Before the 1992 World Expo, Spain (西班牙) built its first high-speed railway for the host city, Seville. This made many Spanish people travel much more easily. In the past, many people disliked leaving their hometowns. But now, more and more people travel between cities by high-speed railway. According to CNN, Spain now has the second-longest high-speed railway network in the world. In today’s world, where many countries face serious challenges, the World Expo shows us that technology can help build a better future. It encourages each country to search for future solutions. 1．How does the writer show us that holding the Olympics gets less popular? A．By comparing numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By making reports. D．By asking questions. 2．Why does holding the Olympics get less popular? A．Because it will cause heavy traffic. B．Because it needs lots of money. C．Because the pollution may be more serious. D．Because the competition is crazy. 3．What can be the good result of holding a World Expo? A．Solving health problems. B．Making the host city bigger. C．Building the most railways D．Helping with social development. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．The World Expo can solve any challenge. B．Each country should hold big events. C．Technology makes a difference to countries. D．Traveling would get more popular. Passage 10 （24-25八年级下·浙江金华·期末） ①Paper making is one of the four great inventions of ancient China. Among different kinds of paper, Xuan paper, also known as rice paper, holds an important place. Many ancient documents and artworks can’t exist till today without Xuan paper. ②Xuan paper is valued by every Chinese generation as a pride since it is not only an important part of Chinese culture, but also a witness (见证) to Chinese history for thousands of years. ③As one of the most important carriers of Chinese culture, Xuan paper has the title “King of All Paper”. Ancient Chinese calligraphers (书法家) and painters drew a large number of great works on Xuan paper. The art piece, passed down by several emperors and officials in ancient China, is more than 1,200 years old. ④According to the National Library of China, there are about 30 million ancient paper books in the library, and over 85% of them were made of Xuan paper. ⑤As time went by, Xuan paper became popular among writers and artists. The reason might lie in its origin (起源). An often-told story about the origin of Xuan paper says Kong Dan, a paper-making worker during the Eastern Han Dynasty, searched for a kind of paper that would not discolor or grow mold (发霉) to keep the picture of his teacher Cai Lun, the inventor of paper making, and finally created Xuan paper. ⑥With its smooth surface and good quality, Xuan paper can be kept for a long time. If it is preserved well, it can be used for more than 2,000 years while ink and color on it remain fresh and bright. The paper, as a result, is named “Paper of Ages”. 1．What is Xuan paper also known as? A．Rice paper. B．Silk paper. C．Bamboo paper. D．Cotton paper. 2．Which of the following ways does the writer use to develop Paragraph 4? A．Telling a story. B．Listing numbers. C．Asking questions. D．Giving examples. 3．What does the nickname “Paper of Ages” in the last paragraph suggest about Xuan paper? A．It is used by very old people. B．It takes a very long time to make. C．It can last for a very long time. D．It was invented a very long time ago. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Great Inventions. B．Paper Making. C．King of All Paper. D．Kong Dan and Cai Lun. Passage 11 （24-25八年级下·浙江金华·期末） ①On April 24, 2025, China successfully sent up the Shenzhou-20 spaceship from Jiuquan. Riding the Long March-2F rocket, three astronauts—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie are flying towards China’s space station. They will live and work there for six months. ②April 24 is special: China’s 10th Space Day. It marks the celebration of China’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, which was sent up on the same day in 1970. ③The Long March-2F rocket has been improved in 32 ways. Scientists try to use more apps to work smarter. A key improvement is that they can send information much faster. In the past, important flight information was saved in a “black box” and checked only after landing. Now, the rocket sends live information in space, as fast as 100 pages every second! This lets scientists closely watch the flight from Earth. ④The Shenzhou-20 spacecraft itself is also better: ＊It has more room for things, carrying 20% more things needed to the station. ＊ It can connect faster with the space station. ＊ Its new batteries (电池) are lighter and work better than older ones. ⑤But one thing stays the same: the power of China’s space scientists. They love their country and work very hard. In the past, they studied a lot and got rich experience. Today, young scientists still go on with this hard work. Surely, China’s space program will keep reaching further and making great new success. 1．Why is April 24 special? A．It’s World Book Day. B．It’s Shenzhou-20’s Invention Day. C．It’s the city’s 10th birthday. D．It’s China’s Space Day. 2．What can we learn about the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft? A．It was sent up with four astronauts. B．It will do space work for one month. C．Its batteries can work better than before. D．It only brings information to Earth after landing. 3．What is the 3rd paragraph mainly about? A．The astronauts on the space station. B．The history of China’s 1st satellite. C．How long a rocket can work. D．How scientists improved the rocket. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To introduce space travel problems. B．To show how rockets are created. C．To share good news on China’s space progress. D．To compare Chinese and American space programmes. Passage 12 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）Are you using your headphones too much? Noise-canceling headphones (降噪耳机) bring you a quiet world, but using them for too long might be bad for your brain, according to the New York Post. Doctors from the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) have seen more young people having “ear problems”. These problems include trouble understanding speech or needing words to watch videos. However, though their ears are healthy, it’s their brains that are affected (被影响的). This problem is known as auditory processing disorder (APD) (听觉处理障碍). People with APD can hear sounds but find it hard to understand them. We hear different sounds at the same time. To understand the information we hear well, our brains need to choose the important sounds to listen to, and not to listen to useless information. That is why we can understand our friends when we talk even in a very noisy room. If we don’t hear different kinds of sounds, we can lose this skill, said NHS doctors. Noise-canceling headphones take away these different sounds, which might be a part of the problem because they make a “false environment”. This makes it easier for your brain, so it doesn’t have to work very hard. Noise travels in waves (波) through air and water. Noise-canceling headphones stop these waves in two ways: One is to use things like special ear cups. The other is to use a microphone (麦克风) to cancel out noise with different sound waves. This technology can be bad for your health if you use it too much. However, it is still helpful for people working in noisy places. 1．Why does the writer ask a question at the beginning? A．To do a survey. B．To interest the readers. C．To show a scene. D．To get the certain answer. 2．What do we know about APD in the passage? A．It is caused by ear illness. B．It causes people to hear nothing. C．It is caused by listening to different sounds. D．It causes people to understand sounds hard. 3．What’s the main purpose of this passage? A．To give us some advice on ear problems. B．To tell us the importance of noise-canceling headphones. C．To remind us to use noise-canceling headphones properly. D．To describe how noise-canceling technology works. 4．In which part of the magazine can we read this passage? A．Music and art. B．Science and health. C．Humans and nature. D．Science and technology. Passage 13 （24-25八年级下·浙江绍兴·期末）In 2024, during China’s Two Sessions meetings (两会), the government plans highlighted “AI in different areas,” showing that AI is becoming very important in China. By 2025, AI was still a hot topic. For example, robots performed on CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala (春晚). People are now discussing how AI can help improve many fields, like education, healthcare, and more. Ni Minjing, the director of the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, is interested in AI’s impact (影响) on education a lot. He says AI can help every student learn in a way that fits their interests and skills. Traditionally, teachers have to teach all students the same way, but AI can offer different learning ways for each child. For example, if a child is interested in whales, AI can give all the information about whales, allowing the child to study what they love. This way, ▲ will want to learn more and understand things better. Ni Minjing also believes that AI won’t take teachers’ place. Teachers play a key role in educating students and helping them develop their thoughts and values, which AI cannot do. AI should be a tool to help both teachers and students. In the future, AI can help students in learning and even help them in their future jobs. However, it’s important to use AI properly. He said that AI should be used to stop students from playing games or watching useless short videos too much so that students can learn better. In a word, it’s an exciting development that can help students learn better and become more creative thinkers. 1．How does the writer show the importance of AI in paragraph 1? A．By telling stories.B．By listing numbers.C．By giving examples. D．By comparing facts. 2．Which of the following can be put into “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A．teachers B．parents C．directors D．students 3．Which opinion does Ni Minjing probably agree with? A．Teachers are still important for students’ education. B．AI will completely take the place of teachers in the future. C．Teachers should use AI to teach all students in the same way. D．AI can help students learn better by giving them short videos. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The development of AI in China. B．The changes of traditional education. C．The importance of teachers in the AI era. D．The important impact of AI on education. Passage 14 （24-25八年级下·浙江温州·期末） In spring, they are like silver rivers, shining brightly in the sun. Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. During autumn, the mountains are gold. And in winter, white snow covers them, making them look very beautiful. These changing colors are what the Longji Rice Terraces (龙脊梯田) look like all year round. The Longji Rice Terraces were built by the Zhuang and Yao people hundreds of years ago. You might wonder why the Zhuang and Yao people worked so hard to make these terraces. Well, here are the reasons. First, in this area, there were few big, flat (平的) pieces of land. By building these terraces, they could get more places to grow things. Second, the flat terraces can catch the rainwater on rainy days. This helps stop the soil (土壤) from being washed away. So how do the terraces work? There are hundreds of connected waterways. During the rainy season, rainwater runs down the mountains through these waterways and into the terraces. Then, the sun heats (加热)the water, and it turns into vapor. This vapor forms clouds, and later it rains again onto the terraces. Even though modern technology can help grow more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the local people and they pass down the knowledge of taking care of the terraces. So, people today still use the old ways to keep the terraces in good condition. Today, people come from far away to see this great wonder which shows how people work together with nature. 1．How does the writer introduce Longji Rice Terraces in Paragraph 1? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving famous sayings. C．By asking questions. D．By describing the sights. 2．Why did people build Longji Rice Terraces? A．Because they helped reduce rainwater. B．Because they helped wash away the soil. C．Because they provided flat pieces of land. D．Because they made the mountains beautiful. 3．Which number shows the underlined word “vapor” in Paragraph 3? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 4．What do local people think of Longji Rice Terraces now? A．They are useless in modern life. B．They are only for travelling purpose. C．They are still important and helpful. D．They are worse than modern technology. Passage 15 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）Do you know how deep the ocean is? What does it look like? What kind of animals are living there? More than 80 percent of the ocean hasn’t been studied yet! Looking carefully at the deep ocean is hard because it’s dark, cold, and the pressure is strong. Although there are challenges, scientists still have been able to research parts of the deep sea. One way is by using small tools called submersibles (深潜器). These tools record videos and collect samples of the water and seafloor. What scientists have found so far from their research is pretty amazing! The deep ocean is home to animals that adapt to (适应) such dark and cold places in cool ways. Some animals, like giant squid, have large eyes to take in light. Others are blind and smell things around to live. Many deep-sea animals can even make their own light. The female angler fish uses bacteria (细菌) to make light in order to catch food. Vents are another part of the deep sea we’re learning about. The waters around can hit temperatures up to 371°C and they are home to some small sea animals, such as shrimps and crabs. Scientists are working to study more of the deep ocean. In these dark, high-pressure places, they hardly find animals like fish or whales because their bodies would break into pieces under the strong water pressure. But each year they discover new kinds of sea animals. No matter what they discover next, one thing is sure—it will surprise us all! 1．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By asking questions. B．By telling stories. C．By listing numbers. D．By comparing facts. 2．How do some animals adapt to the deep ocean according to Paragraph 2? A．Eat a lot of food. B．Have large noses. C．Smell things around. D．Make their own fire. 3．What does the writer think of the future research on the deep ocean? A．It’s expensive to do it. B．It’s too difficult to find animals. C．It’s dangerous to take part in it. D．It’s hopeful to find something new. 4．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably taken from? A．History. B．Business. C．Nature. D．Culture. Passage 16 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）Different kinds of music change our feelings. Some make us want to sing along. Others make us want to dance. Lullabies (摇篮曲) make babies and young kids feel calm (冷静的)—so calm that they fall asleep quickly! Though Lullabies come from different places, these songs have a lot in common. They usually have short, easy words and simple tunes. The songs are slow, and people sing them in a soft voice with a calm beat. Over the years, scientists have studied lullabies to find out more about their calming powers (力量). Research has shown that lullabies can slow a baby’s heart, which is the sign of relaxation. The songs also make babies less alert (警觉的) to things around them, helping them to sleep. Babies who hear lullabies fall asleep faster and sleep better than those who don’t. There are a few reasons why lullabies are so calming for babies and others. For one thing, the calm, slow lullabies are similar to the comforting sounds a baby would have heard before birth—the sounds of the mother’s heartbeat and her voice, for example. What’s more, lullabies let a listener know that someone caring for them is nearby. This makes whoever is hearing the songs feel secure. As a result, they’re super relaxed. However, the magic of lullabies doesn’t stop there. According to researchers, the person singing the lullabies gets just as much as the listener! Singing these songs helps both the listener and the singer. So if you need a short period of calm, sing or listen to a lullaby. 1．What are lullabies like? A．They make people want to dance. B．They make people want to sing along. C．They are from a certain place. D．They are slow and have simple words. 2．What may happen to babies when they hear lullabies according to the research? A．They are more alert to things around. B．They may soon fall asleep. C．They would like to look for their mothers. D．They would become excited. 3．What does the underlined word “secure” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．smart B．excited C．safe D．interested 4．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The calming magic of lullabies. B．The list of kids’ favourite lullabies. C．The great development of lullabies. D．The differences between pop and lullabies. Passage 17 （24-25八年级下·浙江台州·期末）Animals grow old, just like humans. What do you think of older wild animals? Are they important to their groups? A new study has found that protecting older wild animals is very important because they have knowledge (知识) to help the rest of their populations survive (生存). ▲ When older birds have baby birds, they are better at providing food and finding a good place to live. This makes it more likely for the babies to survive. Older elephants are good at remembering which other animals are friendly and which ones aren’t. They are also better at knowing possible dangers. Grandmother orcas (killer whales) use their knowledge to help their families find food when there’s not much around. Older animals face serious problems in some parts of the world. For example, fishing has caused the number of older fish to fall greatly (up to 97% in some populations). In some places, because poaching is common, older animals are more at risk. The researchers from Charles Darwin University in Australia, said humans must do more to make sure that enough old animals survive. They’ve asked the International Union for Conservation of Nature (国际自然保护联盟) to help researchers come up with ways to protect those at risk. They also said that fishing companies should try to stop catching too many old fish, to protect the whole population. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By telling a joke. B．By sharing a story. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples. 2．Which of the following can be put in the blank ▲ in Paragraph 2? A．Older animals are at risk now and their numbers fall. B．Older animals are better at finding good places to live. C．Older animals can help their populations in many ways. D．There are many ways to protect endangered older animals. 3．What does the underlined word “poaching” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Feeding animals.B．Catching animals. C．Studying animals. D．Protecting animals. 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To show the study of Australian researchers. B．To discuss how animals grow old in the wild. C．To show why old animals need special protection. D．To compare different ways of protecting animals. Passage 18 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）Do you know our planet has seven continents? You probably name six continents easily: Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. These lands have been home to humans for many thousands of years. Now look down at the bottom (底部) of the world map below. There you will find the seventh continent: Antarctica. Antarctica is the coldest continent. The temperature in summer mostly reaches above 0℃. In winter, the temperature is almost always below -18℃. The coldest temperature recorded on the earth was at an Antarctic science station in July 1983. It got down to -89℃. That’s why thick ice covers Antarctica. The ice holds 90% of the world’s fresh water and it has been building up over thousands of years. But here’s the surprise: Some special animals still live there. Among them, the Emperor Penguin (企鹅), the largest penguin in the world is the most famous. It stands more than 1.2 meters tall. Father penguin has a big job. It stands on ice and holds an egg between its feet and body for two months without eating any food until mother penguin comes back. No country around the world owns Antarctica. Scientists from different countries have worked hard to protect Antarctica’s wildlife and land. Some of them come to study the wildlife. Other scientists study Antarctica’s ice. Antarctica remains one of the least-known lands in the world. The cold and ice seas make it a difficult place to study. However, it’s a place of uncommon beauty that gives opportunities to research the surprising nature. 1．Where is Antarctica located (定位) in the world map according to Paragraph 1? A．A． B．B． C．C． D．D． 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．Beautiful Antarctica. B．Freezing Antarctica. C．Common Antarctica. D．Old Antarctica. 3．What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．Only penguins live in Antarctica happily. B．Some countries are fighting for Antarctica. C．Penguins take care of their babies easily. D．Scientists study Antarctica in different ways. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． Passage 19 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末） Chinese seal carving (雕刻), or “zhuanke”, is a special art form with a very long history. The art form mixes beautiful writing, carving skills and rich cultural meanings. This art began in the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE). People then used seals mostly as symbols of controllers. Later, in the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE), seals also showed a person’s importance. A big change happened in the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE). The emperor made a special writing style for it. Many centuries later, during the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1912) dynasties, artists made seal carving one of the most popular art forms. They used different stones and sometimes ivory for important people. Do you know how to carve a seal? First, draw a design (设计) on the seal. The design can be a simple sign, a word or a short sentence. Second, use a special carving tool to cut the design. This needs good hand skills and takes lots of time. Then put ink on the seal when the carving is done. Next, press the seal on a piece of paper. You’ll see the design printed on the paper. This printed design is a special symbol for the person or group who owns the seal. Today, many people still love it even though they use seals less for everyday signing now. In fact, in 2009, Chinese seal carving was accepted by UNESCO as a very important world cultural treasure. Modern artists try new styles. People collect old seals for their history and many learn carving as a way to learn tradition and relax themselves. Workshops around the world teach the ancient Chinese art, making sure it continues to shine brightly. 1．In what way does the writer tell the history of the seal carving in Paragraph 2? A．In space order. B．In time order. C．By means of cause and effect (因果). D．By comparison (比较). 2．Which is the right order for making a seal carving? ① Press the seal onto paper.        ② Draw a design on the seal. ③ Put ink on the seal.        ④ Carve the design with a tool. A．②④③① B．②③①④ C．④②③① D．④①③② 3．Why is Chinese seal carving still popular now? A．It’s very expensive and shows a person’s importance. B．UNESCO asks people to learn it in the workshops. C．People can experience culture and relax themselves. D．Modern artists can create better styles than before. 4．What’s the main purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To explain the great success of Chinese seal carving. B．To introduce Chinese seal carving as a valuable art form. C．To encourage readers to buy more ancient seal carving. D．To compare ancient and modern uses of seals in China. Passage 20 （24-25八年级下·浙江台州·期末）Learning to love yourself helps you overcome (克服) challenges. Loving yourself, also called self-love, means being as kind to yourself as you are to others. Imagine your best friend is worried or upset, then think about how you’d support them and try to make them feel better. Self-love means giving yourself the love, care and respect you might give your friends and family. Becky Goddard-Hill, the writer of Create Your Own Confidence, says self-love means cherishing yourself at all times. “It’s speaking to yourself with kindness and encouragement, and it means taking really good care of your body and mind.” Learning to love who you are makes you believe in yourself and feel that you deserve (值得) good things — such as kind friends and fun experiences. It doesn’t mean you’ll be happy all the time, but when you meet challenges, they’ll be easier to overcome. Studies show that self-love can help friendships, schoolwork and health. “There is always someone looking out for you,” says Goddard-Hill, “because that person is you.” If you make a mistake, tell yourself that everyone gets things wrong sometimes instead of being angry. Then think about what you could do differently next time. Try not to compare (比较) yourself to others and remember that no one is perfect. Goddard-Hill advises to write down your good points and asking your family and friends for their thoughts. “Keep the list somewhere safe and look at it often to remind yourself you are special,” she says. Before you go to bed, think about three things that went well for you that day. “This will help you live more happily in your life,” says Goddard-Hill. Goddard-Hill also thinks it’s a good idea to have a positive (积极) self-talk three times every morning or spend 15 minutes a day for yourself. 1．What does self-love mean according to the passage? ①Being kind to yourself                ②Caring less about others ③Cherishing yourself all the time        ④Giving yourself love, care and respect A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④ 2．In Paragraph 3, what does Goddard-Hill mean? A．Friends and family will always support you. B．Self-love means being your own supporter. C．People should ask others for help often. D．Everyone needs to look after others. 3．How can you practice loving yourself better? A．By correcting your mistakes. B．By being angry at yourself. C．By comparing yourself to others. D．By looking at the list of good points. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To explain how to make new friends B．To teach people how to improve their friendship. C．To encourage people to love and care for themselves. D．To discuss the importance of being kind to others. Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·浙江宁波·期末）A special cultural tourism event called “In Ningbo, In Joy” took place at Dongqian Lake, a famous scenic resort on April 7, 2025. The activity was organized to share the culture of Ningbo with the world. Nearly 100 tourists from around the world joined the activity organized by the Dongqian Lake MICE Tourism Alliance. Visitors came from countries like Fiji, Australia, Japan, and the U.S., as well as China’s Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan. The event offered fun ways to explore the lake. Visitors could enjoy a “semi-guided tour”, which means they could choose their own activities. For example, some people rode bikes or took boats to see the lake’s beautiful scenery, while others enjoyed hot spring activities and learned about Ningbo’s old culture. A popular part was the “Elegance (风采) of the Song Dynasty” area. Here, artists showed traditional Chinese crafts, like tea art and fan painting. There was also a special dinner based on the “24 Solar Terms (24节气)”, a Chinese farming calendar. These activities helped guests know Ningbo’s famous travel routes, like trips along the sea Silk Road and Siming Mountain. Chen Yuru, a leader from Fiji, said, “Ningbo’s beauty and culture are fascinating. Each visit teaches me something new.” Xu Lingna, a tourism expert, added, “We hope this event helps more international friends love Ningbo and learn about its culture.” To attract more foreign tourists, Ningbo has started a 3-year plan to double its visitors. Using special visa rules for short stays, Dongqian Lake Resort is working with international communities in Shanghai to create easy travel packages. These “mini-vacation” plans aim to make trips smooth and enjoyable for travelers all over the world. 1．What does “semi-guided tour” refer to in the article? A．Tourists must stay in groups. B．Only locals can join the tour. C．Visitors must follow strict rules. D．Visitors can pick activities freely. 2．Which activity taught guests about ancient Chinese farming? A．Hot spring baths. B．A special dinner. C．Boat rides. D．Bike tours. 3．Which of the following statement is TRUE? A．Chen Yuru thinks Ningbo is boring. B．Xu Lingna wants to build new hotels. C．Tourists must stay in Ningbo for 3 years. D．Ningbo has a plan to get more foreign tourists. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Ningbo’s 3-Year Plan: To Make Its Tourism Better B．Dongqian Lake: A Scenic Resort for Nature Lovers C．In Ningbo, In Joy: Sharing Culture and Beauty with the World D．Traditional Chinese Crafts: The Elegance of the Song Dynasty Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·浙江宁波·期末） In China, many young people are starting to collect things that others throw away. From bubble tea cups to train tickets, they are keeping these small items (物品) as treasures. This habit is sometimes called “grandma-core (奶奶风囤物)” because it reminds them of how their grandparents used to save everything for future use. Many young people once wondered why their parents and grandparents kept so many things. But now, they find themselves doing the same. A common saying among them is: “First, we question our moms. Then, we understand our moms. Finally, we become our moms.” Luo Jiayi, a 20-year-old college student, is a perfect example. He loves milk tea and has collected many takeout (外卖食品) bags from his favorite drinks. Some bags are reused as gift wrap (礼品包装纸), while others become craft (手工艺) projects or even trash bags. “Many students do this,” he said. “Special bags with movie or game designs are especially popular at school.” However, keeping these items can be a problem, especially in small dorm rooms. Still, young people find creative ways to reuse (再利用) them. On apps like Xiaohongshu and Douyin, young people proudly share how they turn “trash” into useful items. For example: A takeout bag becomes a pencil case. A coffee cup sleeve (套) becomes a book cover. Thermal food packaging (保温食品袋) is reused as a lunch bag. Shoe boxes are not thrown away but are reused as storage (存储) boxes. Another student, 19-year-old Lu Yunli, collects pretty packaging because she loves beautiful things. “Bringing a nice bag to class with my lunch makes me happy,” she said. “These designs are getting more and more attractive.” For young people, saving isn’t about being cheap—it’s about being ▲ . They spend money on things they love but avoid (避免) waste. By reusing and recycling, young people are creating a lifestyle that is both practical and creative. 1．What can we know from the underlined sentence in Para.2? A．Young people often disagree with their parents. B．Young people always keep the same habits. C．Young people once questioned parents, but now copy them. D．Mothers order their children to collect things. 2．According to the passage, which of these ways of reusing items is mentioned? A．Turning a thermal food bag into a pencil case. B．Using a coffee cup sleeve as a book cover. C．Making shoe boxes into gift wrap. D．Reusing a takeout bag as a wallet. 3．Which of the following can be put in “For young people, saving isn’t about being cheap—it’s about being ▲ .” A．proud B．honest C．kind D．smart 4．How does the writer organize the article? A．By comparing past and present habits. B．By describing different age groups’ opinions. C．By listing problems first and then giving advice. D．By showing examples first and then explaining reasons. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·浙江宁波·期末）A new study shows that older wild animals should be protected. Why? Because they have important knowledge that helps other animals in their groups to live. Scientists read thousands of science articles about how old animals affect (影响) their homes and the dangers they face. Old animals do many good things for their homes. For example, when old birds have baby birds, they’re better at getting food and finding a nice place to live. This makes it easier for the baby birds to grow up. Old female elephants are great at remembering which animals are friendly and which ones are not. They’re also better at watching out for dangers, like lions, Old orcas (killer whales) use their smarts to help their families find food when there isn’t much around. But in some places, old animals are in trouble. Fishing has made the number of old fish go down a lot. In some groups, it’s dropped by as much as 97%! This hurts the “group memory” that young fish need to learn how to stay alive. In places where people hunt animals illegally (非法地), old animals are in even more danger. They often have big tusks, horns, or antlers that hunters want. Scientists from Charles Darwin University in Australia say we need to do more to keep old animals alive. They think the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the group that watches over animals in danger around the world, should pay more attention to old animals. This can help experts think of ways to protect them. They also say fishing companies should stop catching so many old fish, so that all the fish can live well. 1．What is the purpose of the second paragraph? A．To introduce different kinds of old wild animals. B．To list the names of groups that protect old animals. C．To show the good things old animals do for their groups. D．To explain the reasons why old animals are in danger. 2．Which reason mainly causes old animals to be in danger? A．Forest fires. B．Human actions. C．Animal competition. D．Water pollution. 3．What does the underlined word “hunt” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Care for and study. B．Learn about and love. C．Look for and kill. D．Run after and protect. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Fishing companies may change their fishing ways. B．The IUCN has already done enough for old animals. C．Old animals won’t face any dangers in the future. D．Only old fish really need to be protected well. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）①Feeding wild animals can seem kind, but it might also cause problems. In places where humans live, animals like birds and foxes have learned to live near people. Many people enjoy watching these animals and leaving food for them. However, others believe it’s better to leave animals alone. ②During hard times like winter or long dry periods, animals face big problems. For example, foxes have trouble finding insects when the ground turns icy or rock-hard. Giving them more food during these months could be a lifesaver. It can also help support biodiversity, which means having many different kinds of wildlife in one area. ③For people who love seeing wildlife, leaving food out is a perfect way to get close to animals. It is like opening a window to nature. People can learn more about the wildlife that lives in their local area. ④On the other side, there are risks. Young animals might become reliant on the food, which could stop them from learning how to find food on their own. This could leave them helpless later in life. Feeding can also spread diseases (疾病). For example, dirty bird feeders can pass sickness between birds. ⑤Lastly, not all “helpful” foods are healthy. Animals often take the easy way out, eating junk food left by humans instead of their natural meals. This means they might miss out on the nutrients (营养) they truly need. ⑥So, should we feed wildlife? It’s like a coin with two sides. While it supports animals in hard times and connects us to nature, it also carries hidden dangers. The answer? Be smart and kind—Do research first, keep feeding areas clean, and let wild animals stay independent as much as possible. After all, their true home is the wild—not our backyards. 1．Which of the following is a good side of feeding wild animals? A．People can keep different kinds of wild animals in their backyards. B．Sometimes it might save a wild animal’s life in its hard times. C．It’s a perfect way to get close to animals at anytime. D．Wild animals can get the nutrients they truly need. 2．What does the underlined word “reliant” mean in paragraph 4? A．dependent B．nervous C．careful D．active 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 4．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To introduce different kinds of animals. B．To point out the problems of animals. C．To share an interesting personal experience. D．To express an opinion of feeding wild animals. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·浙江舟山·期末）①Over the past few years, cars have become smarter. Some of them can even drive themselves. Now, our roads are also becoming smart. In the United Kingdom alone, there are around 650 kilometers of “smart roads” in use. Across the world, many more are being built. Some new technologies are being put to use. Roads that make electricity (电) ②The environmental problem has forced us to search for new energy (能源). With the right technologies, cars around the world could make energy as they go. ③The roads are build out of something special. When cars drive on them, the vibrations from passing cars make electricity. In this way, the electricity will continue to come until the car stops. This technology first came out in 1880. However, it has never been widely used before. The U.K.’s Lancaster University is improving it. They are trying to store the electricity in the car for later use. Roads that never freeze ④It can be dangerous to drive in snowy weather. A technology company has already developed the snowless roads. When there is snow or ice, the roads will get warm themselves. The idea has been successfully tested on a few Canadian roads and in some of its car parks. Roads that think ⑤Roads of the future may be able to know how many people are on them. They could tell about the weather and traffic conditions, and offer electricity to cars as they drive. ⑥This seems to be a dream, but one American company has almost made it come true. By guessing the weight (重量) of a car, the company’s smart roads can know how fast it moves. “We are simply making very large special computers on the road,” says Tim Sylvester, CEO of the company. “The roads collect all the information of the traveling car and send it to the driver to help them drive more safely”. 1．The writer uses the example of “smart cars” at the beginning to________. A．tell the history B．show the importance C．share the problem D．raise the reader’s interest 2．The underlined word “vibrations” in Paragraph③ mostly means________. A．loud noises B．stored energy C．shaking move D．car windows 3．What does Tim Sylvester want to show in the last paragraph? A．how the roads worked B．how people build the new roads C．how large the roads were D．how hard it was to develop the roads 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Roads of the Future B．Snowless Highways C．Green Energy Maker D．Smart Cars of Tomorrow Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·浙江宁波·期末）①A little brown-and-white bird flies across the East African grassland and finds a hive (蜂房) in a big tree. The bird loves bee larvae (幼虫), her favorite food, but she’s too small to challenge groups of bees. Luckily, she has a helper: humans! She’s a greater honeyguide. And this kind of birds has guided tribes (部落) in East Africa to find honey for thousands of years. ②Honeyguides are special because they’re wild and no one trains them. Also, they don’t learn their honey- finding skills from their parents. This means they know these skills all by themselves. ③The honeyguide flies back to look for humans. When she finds them, she chatters (喋喋不休) loudly. Then the tribes know that the bird is ready to lead them to find honey. They run after her. When they reach the hive, the honeyguide sings a new song to say, “Here it is!” After the humans get enough honey, they leave the larvae behind for the honeyguide. ④Many East African tribes get honey only in this way. Each tribe has a different way of talking with the honeyguide. In Moambique, people develop a call “brrrrr-hmmph”. Other tribes have a special whistle (口哨). ⑤The role of this little bird is smaller, however. As more people move to cities and work on the farms, fewer people know how to find honey with honeyguides. Besides, some even learned to raise their own bees. But for people in Mozambique, they still love these little birds. They know that by working together, life’s a little sweeter for everyone. 1．What is TRUE about a honeyguide from Paragraph 1 and 2? A．It doesn’t show any interest in bee larvae. B．It can take tribes in East Africa to find hives. C．It is often black and white with a small build. D．Its parents carefully teach it how to find honey. 2．What do honeyguides do to let the local tribes know they’ve reached hives? A．Sing a different song. B．Whistle in a special way. C．Shout “brrrrr-hmmh”. D．Talk loudly with no end. 3．How does the writer show the living conditions of honeyguides in Paragraph 5? A．By listing numbers.B．By asking questions.C．By comparing facts. D．By telling a story. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．A Sweet Trade B．A Common Bird C．Tribes’ Culture D．Fights with Bees Passage 7 （24-25八年级下·浙江温州·期末） Are we alone in the universe? How can we know if there is life out there in space? Just as the famous scientist Carl Sagan said, “Where there’s water, there might be life.” We’ve searched for water on many other planets, especially on Mars. In 1877, Schiaparelli watched Mars and noticed some lines. Some people believed the lines could be man-made rivers and life on Mars built them. Then, in 1964, NASA sent Mariner 4 to take photos of Mars. Yet there was nothing to see on the planet, just a cold and dry wasteland. This didn’t stop people’s interest. Scientists decided to find out if there was once life on Mars. In 2004, NASA’s two rovers (探测器), Spirit and Opportunity, found white lines on rocks from different places on Mars. It showed that perhaps water moved through the ground before. In 2013, another rover, Curiosity, found 2% of water in the soil (土壤) on Mars. The discoveries were encouraging. However, they were still not enough to show there was life on Mars. These days a Chinese research team opened new doors. After China’s Zhurong rover reached Mars on May 22nd, 2021, the team studied the area around the rover’s landing place. They found special layers (层) of rocks. The layers looked a lot like those near the earth’s coastlines. This finding has been the biggest so far. It shows there was a sea on Mars a long time ago! The discovery makes people believe that Mars was once warm, wet and habitable. To make Mars a good place to live again, scientists can study how it changed from warm and wet to cold and dry. Now, China is planning to send astronauts to Mars. We are the ones who will go on writing the history. Was there life on Mars? What surprising facts will be discovered next? Let’s wait and see! 1．In Paragraph 1, how does the writer show water is important for finding life? A．He lists numbers. B．He tells fun science stories. C．He gives examples. D．He uses a famous person’s words. 2．Which is the correct order of the findings on Mars since 1877? ①There was once a sea on Mars. ②There was water in the soil on Mars. ③There could be man-made rivers on Mars. ④Maybe water once moved through the ground on Mars. A．④③②① B．④①③② C．③④②① D．③①④② 3．What does the underlined word “habitable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Fine to live on.B．Easy to change. C．Difficult to land on. D．Impossible to study. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Mars, Are You Out There? B．Hello, Is Anyone on Mars? C．Mars, We Need Water on the Earth! D．Hello, Let’s Visit Mars Again! Passage 8 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）①Have you ever felt like you are just running from one activity to another? In school, do you hurry from one subject to another? When things happen so fast, it’s easy to get lost of what you’re doing or learning. It’s important to stop yourself every now and then to think about what you’ve been doing or learning. ②Self-reflection (反省) means slowing down and cooling yourself down, including calming your mind. By being calm and not going quickly, you give your brain a chance to think about what is already received. Some people like to do self-reflections only in their mind. Others write down in diaries or notes. Either way works, depending on your own personal learning. You can follow the steps to do self-reflection. ③First, choose the proper time to do it. School textbooks are divided (划分) into units of study. This makes it easier to begin self-reflection. Look for time when you complete a unit of study. Sometimes you know the unit is over because there is some kind of test. Use these natural breaks to stop and do self-reflection. ④Then, find a quiet place and take out your reflection diary. Write down some notes on the new things that you learned in the unit. Let your mind think about the notes you’ve written before and make some connections (联系). ⑤Finally, think about things that you’re not sure of. Maybe you learned a new way to work out a math problem, but you’re not sure when to use it. Writing down your questions will help you remember to look for answers the next time you are working with the same topic. ⑥Self-reflection is important for a successful student. If you have never taken the time to do self-reflection, try it now. 1．According to Paragraph 2, how can people do self-reflection? A．Work quickly. B．Think about the future. C．Keep a diary. D．Learn by oneself. 2．Which of the following is a right way of doing self-reflection? A．When the exam of each unit ends, Mary will start learning the next very soon. B．Cindy writes down some notes after class and then goes to play with classmates. C．Mike looks through his new notes and then checks the notes he has taken before. D．After finding a new way to solve a science problem, Tony uses it as often as possible. 3．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Why is Self-reflection Important? B．Try Doing Self-Refection Now! C．How Can We Learn Fast? D．Keep Ourselves Busy! 4．What is the structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． Passage 9 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）About 80 percent of Chinese university students believe they have SAD—social anxiety disorder (社交恐惧症), according to a survey of over 4, 800 students by the China Youth Daily in November last year. But do you really have SAD or you are just being introverted (内向的)? Here is something you need to know. Being introverted is one kind of your personality while SAD can be a serious illness. If you are introverted, you may not like or it may take time to warm up in a group. However, if you have SAD, you will be really seriously nervous when you face or even think about social situations, and this will possibly cause more problems, including a fear for parties or other social activities. Introverted people will use their free time to relax before or after social activities. They may read or get prepared for the coming activities when they are alone. For those with SAD, taking part in an activity might cause fear or stress. Some may even feel really sick, for example, a high blood pressure or a sudden stomachache. When it comes to public speaking, introverted people hate the meaningless talk after the event, but they may not hate the speech itself. For those living with SAD, standing in front of a group is a problem for them. They are often afraid that they’ll say the wrong thing and some may not be able to control the shake of their bodies. You’d better go to an expert for advice if you guess you have SAD．Actually, most of you will find that you are simply a bit introverted. And for those who have real problems as SAD, it is possible to get out of the problem with proper ways. 1．How does the writer help the readers understand SAD and introversion? A．By explaining the causes. B．By asking questions. C．By using numbers. D．By making comparisons. 2．Which one of the following students can possibly have SAD according to the passage? A．Lucy always listens to music before making a public speech. B．Tom feels a little difficult to excite himself at the beginning of parties. C．Jim cannot stop shaking whenever thinking of going to a party. D．Lily enjoys the feeling of standing in front of a group. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Most of the university students have SAD in fact. B．A person with a sudden stomachache must have SAD． C．Serious SAD may cause a high blood pressure. D．A person with SAD always says wrong things. 4．In which part of magazine can you read this kind of passage? A．Health. B．Technology. C．Culture. D．News. Passage 10 （24-25八年级下·浙江台州·期末） China has made a plan to help people control their weight. This plan was introduced during this year’s “Two Sessions (两会).” According to the plan, hospitals all over the country will set up “weight management clinics (体重管理诊所)”. Doctors at these clinics will give medical advice on how to control weight. Over the past 40 years, the number of overweight people in China has grown a lot. In general, people are eating more and exercising less. By 2021, more than 400 million adults were too heavy. That’s more than twice the number in the U.S. or India. According to a study published in The Lancet (《柳叶刀》) medical magazine, this number will rise to 630 million by 2050. Overweight people are more likely to have health problems, such as high blood pressure and heart disease. Big cities like Beijing and Shanghai have already set up weight control clinics. They use safe ways to help people lose weight. These include healthy diets and traditional Chinese medicine. People in rural (农村) areas need help, too. A study in 2023 found that the number of people with weight problems has been on the rise since 2005 in rural areas. On Chinese social media, you can see many ads for weight-loss products. Some people even sell “magic” pills (药丸). Experts warn that these pills can be dangerous. As a safer choice, China is now developing medicines to help control people’s appetite. The government is asking hotels, schools and businesses for help. For example, the government tells hotels to put a scale in each room to remind guests to make healthy choices. The government also asks schools to teach kids about healthy eating. In some cities, people can’t sell junk food at or near schools. 1．What is the main purpose (目的) of China’s new plan? A．To teach kids about junk food. B．To help people control their weight. C．To train more doctors for medical advice. D．To build more hospitals across the country. 2．How does the writer show the great importance of controlling weight in China in paragraph 2? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples. 3．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Kids in all cities can’t buy junk food anywhere. B．Hotels will make more money by putting scales in rooms. C．The government is trying to control people’s weight in many ways. D．Schools have to stop teaching other subjects to focus on healthy eating. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The Danger of “Magic” Pills B．Healthy Eating in Chinese Schools C．Weight Management Clinics in Big Cities D．China’s Plan to Help People Control Weight / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 阅读理解（说明文）30篇 参考答案 Passage 1：1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C Passage 2：1.A 2.C 3.A 4.A Passage 3：1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D Passage 4：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D Passage 5：1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A Passage 6：1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D Passage 7：1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D Passage 8：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C Passage 9：1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C Passage 10：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C Passage 11：1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C Passage 12：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B Passage 13：1.C 2.D 3.A 4.D Passage 14：1.D 2.C 3.B 4.C Passage 15：1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C Passage 16：1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A Passage 17：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.C Passage 18：1.D 2.B 3.D 4.C Passage 19：1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B Passage 20：1.B 2.B 3.D 4.C 宁波期末Passage1：1.D 2.B 3.D 4.C 宁波期末Passage2：1.C 2.B 3.D 4.D 宁波期末Passage3：1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 杭州期末Passage4：1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 舟山期末Passage5：1.D 2.C 3.A 4.A 宁波期末Passage6：1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 温州期末Passage7：1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 杭州期末Passage8：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 杭州期末Passage9：1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A 台州期末Passage10：1.B 2.B 3.C 4.D / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $