专题01 完形填空（期末真题汇编，陕西专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 陕西多地八年级下期末完形填空汇编，含14篇短文，主题涵盖人与自我（叙事忆旧、个人经历）、人与社会（体育名人、文体活动）、人与自然（环境保护、航空航天）等，真实情境梯度考查语法、词汇及语篇理解能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|14篇短文，140题，140分|语法（如过去进行时、定冠词the）；词汇（动词短语put up、形容词比较级farther）；上下文逻辑|情境真实（登月回忆、环保行动）；主题丰富（Zaila篮球与拼写、神笔马良寓言）；梯度设计（基础语法到语篇连贯）|

专题01 完形填空 主题01 人与自我——叙事忆旧 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西榆林·期末） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Do you remember what you were doing 1 the day of moon landing (着陆)? Some people don’t 2 it really happened. Why do you think they feel this way? 3 did the moon landing make you feel? Lynette White: I 4 18 months old that year, my dad was pointing at the bright moon and telling me that the astronauts 5 at that time. Rose Allred: My dear dad passed away (去世) in January that year and I remembered how I wished he were here to see 6 event that year. I never thought I would see that in 7 life time. Todd Steenbergen: My parents and my aunt were watching it on TV while I was playing with a balloon (气球). I was a 8 boy, and for some reason, that balloon broke 9 when Neil Armstrong’s foot hit the moon. My family thought 10 moon exploded (爆炸)! 1．A．in B．on C．of D．for 2．A．to belong B．belong C．to believe D．believe 3．A．What B．Why C．When D．How 4．A．is B．was C．are D．were 5．A．were walking B．walks C．is walking D．has worked 6．A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 7．A．I B．my C．me D．mine 8．A．four years old B．four-years-old C．four-year-old D．four-year old 9．A．recently B．recent C．suddenly D．sudden 10．A．the B．an C．a D．/ Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西宝鸡·期末） In the morning, we went on a trip to Green Natural Park. We were happy because it was a 11 day. On the way, we kept singing and talking happily. However, when we finished our picnic at 1:00 p.m., it 12 dark and windy. Soon, there was a rainstorm. Unluckily, none of us brought a(n) 13 . We ran about but we could find no place to hide. Twenty minutes passed and it was still raining. There were hours to go before we 14 the campsite (野营地). It was even worse that our small compass (指南针) showed that we went the 15 way. We lost our way! We had to make a quick decision as it was raining 16 . Chris said we could 17 a tent to hide in, so Mary and Tom helped to do it. Chris and I tried to make a fire to keep us 18 . But we couldn’t light the fire, as everything was wet. We had to wait inside the 19 . At about five, it stopped raining. We decided to 20 the trip because all of us were very tired. This trip may not be very successful but we get the most important thing-the importance of teamwork. 11．A．windy B．rainy C．sunny D．cloudy 12．A．folded B．became C．stayed D．failed 13．A．umbrella B．flashlight C．candle D．hat 14．A．made B．reached C．built D．watched 15．A．right B．slow C．wrong D．usual 16．A．hardly B．lonely C．recently D．heavily 17．A．get up B．make up C．put up D．use up 18．A．cold B．warm C．icy D．cool 19．A．fire B．trip C．tree D．tent 20．A．give up B．get into C．hear from D．call up Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·陕西西安·期末） Dave likes music very much. He even thinks of it as part of his life. He often listens to music when he feels tired. He thinks music can make 21 relaxed. He likes Beethoven’s music 22 of all the music. 23 , a terrible accident happened to him one day. It was 4: 10 in the afternoon. 24 his way home after school, a car hit him because the driver was making a phone call while he 25 . The car driver soon sent Dave to the nearest hospital. However, Dave couldn’t wake up. 26 hour later, Dave’s parents arrived. They were very sad to see their son lying in bed silently. The doctors tried their best to save Dave, but he still “slept” quietly. Dave’s mother 27 pretty sad but she still tried her best to take care of her son. Dave’s father had to go to work 28 money. Dave’s mother tried to chat with Dave all the time 29 she never received any reply. When it came to music, Dave’s mother played Beethoven’s music for Dave. To everyone’s surprise, Dave opened his eyes. All the doctors and Dave’s parents were shocked (震惊) at 30 they saw. They were happy that music saved the boy! 21．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 22．A．well B．better C．best D．good 23．A．Lucky B．Unlucky C．Luckily D．Unluckily 24．A．On B．To C．At D．In 25．A．drove B．has driven C．will drive D．was driving 26．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 27．A．was B．is C．were D．are 28．A．make B．to make C．making D．makes 29．A．because B．if C．though D．and 30．A．how B．why C．when D．what 主题02 人与社会——体育名人 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） In Spelling Bee competitions, children try to spell difficult words correctly. And by spelling words, 14-year-old Zaila won first prize in the 2021 National Spelling Bee. To get to this point, Zaila practiced for seven hours a day. She tried 31 the spelling of about 13,000 words every day. But 32 girl describes spelling as a side hobby. She says her “real thing” is a basketball player or a coach in the NBA．Zaila started practicing dribbling (运球) 33 she was five years old. For her eighth birthday, her parents gave 34 a Guinness World Records book. After reading the book, the girl wanted to get a record for herself. So far, Zaila 35 three Guinness world records for all her basketball skills. Her favorite record is the most basketballs dribbled at the same time by one person. She has practiced it 36 two years before creating the record for her 13th birthday. Zaila also 37 more than 12,000 followers on social media. 38 of her dribbling basketballs have brought her high praise (称赞). Zaila says that she is trying to make more achievements (成就) and practices 39 than before. By doing this, she hopes to encourage teenagers around the world. She wants them to know 40 all of the things that they put their minds to. The word “teenager” means someone who is between thirteen and nineteen years old. 31．A．to avoid B．avoid C．to remember D．remember 32．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 33．A．when B．if C．but D．because 34．A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 35．A．has set B．set C．sets D．is setting 36．A．at B．to C．on D．for 37．A．have B．has C．do D．does 38．A．Videos’ B．Video’s C．Videos D．Video 39．A．hardest B．the hardest C．hard D．harder 40．A．that they can do B．that can they do C．what they can do D．what can they do 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） My name is Daniel. I live in 41 town in Tennessee. When I was 7, I found a riverbank was covered 42 rubbish. I felt worried, because I knew rubbish could be 43 for animals in rivers. Now I’m 13, and I work to keep rubbish out of rivers. The Tennessee River 44 with rubbish. And I want to do something to help stop more pollution. For example, I do some river cleanups with others. We often find 45 rubbish, such as broken toys and plastic bags. Doing cleanups makes 46 happy. I know I’m saving animals’ lives. And I’m saving human (人类的) lives 47 . Because it continues up the food chain. Last year, I set up the Cleanup Kids with my friends to call on (呼吁) kids all around the world to pick up rubbish. So far (到目前为止), we 48 up millions of pieces of rubbish. I think it’s everyone’s duty 49 the environment. If each of us does something for the environment, all of us 50 a better life. 41．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 42．A．at B．from C．with D．for 43．A．well B．good C．badly D．bad 44．A．are polluted B．is polluted C．polluted D．pollutes 45．A．few B．many C．little D．plenty of 46．A．mine B．my C．me D．I 47．A．either B．as well C．also D．neither 48．A．has picked B．have picked C．picked D．will pick 49．A．protecting B．protect C．to protecting D．to protect 50．A．will have B．had C．have D．are having Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） In the past, Ne Zha’s hometown was a beautiful place with clear rivers and green mountains. But 51 changed when factories were built in the northern area. Thick smoke and chemical waste (浓烟和化学废物) slowly 52 the land into a gray desert. “Father, we used to swim in these rivers!” Ne Zha said to his father Li Jing. His father once worked in a steel factory. Li Jing said sadly, “Son, I think our 53 has been badly harmed.” Ne Zha decided to improve the situation. He gathered all villagers. They cleaned the waste and 54 new trees. Although it seemed impossible 55 , their hard work started showing results. Ne Zha’s mother, Yin Shi, 56 women to clean the block (障碍物) around the ancient temple. “We must do it until every street becomes clean,” she said. Even the children helped, carrying water in tiny buckets. After months of effort (努力), fish 57 to the rivers. At a village meeting, old Mr. Wang said, “This is the most 58 view I’ve seen since my childhood!” Everyone cheered when a butterfly landed on Ne Zha’s shoulder. Nowadays, the villagers keep in touch through online groups to 59 their home. As Ne Zha says, “True magic isn’t about fighting monsters, but guarding (守卫) the 60 around us.” 51．A．everything B．nothing C．everybody D．nobody 52．A．shut B．pushed C．filled D．turned 53．A．time B．environment C．peace D．money 54．A．considered B．shook C．killed D．planted 55．A．at last B．at most C．at first D．at least 56．A．entered B．hid C．organized D．warned 57．A．returned B．received C．caused D．attacked 58．A．honest B．difficult C．boring D．amazing 59．A．defeat B．protect C．greet D．forget 60．A．danger B．friendship C．beauty D．quality Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西·期末） Recycling is good for the environment. Mateo Lange is a 15-year-old boy from the US. He is helping 61 the environment in his community (社区) through his weekend recycling program. At 11 years old, while playing baseball, Lange’s team needed money to 62 the competitions. He soon came up with a plan. It can help reduce 63 and make the environment clean. In Michigan, bottles can be collected and 64 for money. With the help of his father, Lange started a recycling program, raising a lot of money in just 65 weeks. “Although each bottle is 66 , we’ve raised so much money. We will continue it as long as we can,” he said. This success made him happy and encouraged him to continue the program. In 2019, Michigan 67 its recycling program. It caused bottles to accumulate (累积) in people’s homes. Since 2020, Lange’s recycling plan has helped over 50 local youth groups. Besides, it has stopped tons of bottles from 68 Michigan’s land, lakes and rivers. “It has kept our community cleaner,” Lange said. In 2023, Lange 69 the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, recognizing (认可) his environmental efforts (努力) and community 70 . He believed the world would become a much better place. 61．A．choose B．push C．protect D．create 62．A．spell B．enter C．shut D．avoid 63．A．gold B．surface C．value D．waste 64．A．told B．sold C．nodded D．stolen 65．A．several B．many C．much D．little 66．A．tiny B．similar C．cheap D．cute 67．A．shone B．hid C．shook D．stopped 68．A．polluting B．preparing C．paying D．picking 69．A．warned B．gave C．lost D．received 70．A．search B．influence C．race D．pocket 主题04 人与社会——文体活动 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） Dear Li Ming, How are you? This week in school, our class had a sports meet! We had 71 different events—jump rope, long jump, sit-ups, push-ups and “Jump over the Dinosaur”. Everyone competed in each event, one 72 one. The events were fun! Sandra won first place in the jump rope event. She 73 180 times in one minute without stopping. Lisa won second place in the long jump. She jumped very far, but Kim jumped 74 . But my favourite 75 was Danny’s. He called it “Jump over the Dinosaur”. It was a 76 . Each person walked on some paper pizzas, climbed through a cardboard donut and then jumped over a toy dinosaur. We used a watch to see who was the fastest. What was the 77 ? Danny won the race! 78 of us could catch him! But I was close. I was only two seconds slower than Danny. Brian was sad because he 79 . He came in twentieth. He did his best, 80 he kept falling off the paper pizzas! Jenny 71．A．four B．five C．six D．seven 72．A．by B．of C．on D．to 73．A．tied B．spelled C．jumped D．pushed 74．A．faster B．farther C．higher D．earlier 75．A．trade B．test C．hobby D．event 76．A．race B．record C．choice D．relative 77．A．result B．report C．reason D．advice 78．A．Anyone B．None C．Everyone D．Someone 79．A．succeeded B．paid C．won D．lost 80．A．because B．if C．but D．and 主题01 人与自我——个人经历 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·陕西渭南·期末） I was born in a family of doctors. My parents were really surprised when I told 1 I wanted to be a violinist. At first, they thought it was just a temporary (暂时的) thought. When I said it again three months later, they knew I was serious 2 it. Then my family gave me a lot of support (支持). Learning the violin is not a piece of cake. It means practising for many 3 every day. Most of the time, especially at the beginning, it 4 bad. This is why, during the first few years, I thought of giving up. Anyway, I kept taking classes 5 my violin skills better. Later I joined in an activity. Then I found playing with other musicians was one of 6 experiences. When we had 7 show together in front of many people, the joy we gave to others would make me really happy. Now I 8 a musician already. My sister is a doctor. She agrees 9 the best choice. She often jokes that my job is not so different from hers. She treats (治愈) people’s bodies, 10 I treat their hearts. 1．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 2．A．about B．for C．with D．of 3．A．hour B．hour’s C．hours D．hours’ 4．A．sound B．sounds C．smell D．smells 5．A．teach B．to teach C．practice D．to practice 6．A．more excited B．most excited C．the more exciting D．the most exciting 7．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 8．A．become B．became C．have become D．will become 9．A．whether was it B．that it was C．whether it was D．that was it 10．A．if B．so C．but D．because Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西商洛·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 I still remember an unforgettable plane journey. I was flying to New York at night when a storm started and the 11 met severe turbulence (剧烈颠簸). When I 12 the passengers (乘客), I could see that nearly all of them were very worried and afraid. We were in a very dangerous 13 and nobody felt safe at this time. Then, I saw a little girl. It seemed that the storm meant 14 to her. She sat on her seat and was 15 a book quietly. Sometimes she closed her eyes, and then she would read again, with no 16 or fear (恐惧) in her eyes. When other passengers were scared half to death, that girl was completely calm. I couldn’t believe my eyes. How 17 she was! When the plane 18 arrived at the airport, I was not surprised to find that all the passengers were hurrying to come out. I 19 to talk to that girl. I asked why she wasn’t scared. “My daddy is the pilot, and he is taking me home,” the girl answered proudly. “He is a good pilot and I always 20 my daddy.” A pilot is a person who is trained to fly a plane. 11．A．bus B．plane C．train D．car 12．A．woke up B．got off C．joined in D．looked at 13．A．situation B．lesson C．health D．question 14．A．no one B．everyone C．nothing D．everything 15．A．testing B．wasting C．depending D．reading 16．A．worry B．trouble C．interest D．mess 17．A．nervous B．brave C．awful D．humorous 18．A．hardly B．heavily C．finally D．terribly 19．A．stopped B．led C．finished D．counted 20．A．fight B．tidy C．refuse D．trust Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） In May 2024, Alkut Dilxat, from Xinjiang, became the youngest Chinese climber to reach the summit (山顶) of Mountain Qomolangma. The boy went through quite a lot because of the extreme (极端的) 21 , like strong wind and snow. But he got over all these difficulties. “Reaching the summit of Mountain Qomolangma is very 22 , but I have confidence in finishing it. I 23 my team and guides,” he said. Alkut is a teenager, but he is a 24 mountain climber. He began to learn climbing at 7. He climbed his first mountain at 10 with his 25 . His father is a mountain climbing guide. To 26 for it, Alkut ran 10 kilometers every morning and took professional training (专业的训练) in his spare time, such as weekends and 27 . In 2023, he and his father reached a 7,546- meter summit in Xinjiang. On 19 May, Alkut finally reached the top of the world and 28 a new record. “I am excited, 29 reaching the summit of Mountain Qomolangma is the dream of many climbers. I feel very happy that I 30 in realizing my dream.” Alkut said. He plans to climb the highest peaks on six other continents. 21．A．study B．weather C．cloud D．thought 22．A．dangerous B．simple C．weak D．dirty 23．A．test B．steal C．trust D．waste 24．A．nervous B．shy C．tiny D．great 25．A．brother B．father C．mother D．teacher 26．A．offer B．care C．share D．prepare 27．A．birthday B．vacations C．future D．beginning 28．A．created B．explained C．weighed D．sold 29．A．but B．if C．because D．so 30．A．translated B．paid C．pushed D．succeeded 主题02 人与自我——寓言故事 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·陕西安康·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Long ago, a king got two baby eagles as a gift. He 31 them very much and invited an experienced keeper to take care of them. 32 time went by, the king noticed that both eagles grew bigger and looked even more amazing than before. He hoped to see the eagles fly. 33 , when the keeper set them free, one eagle flew high into the sky while the other just flew a few meters and then returned to its branch. The king wanted to know why. The keeper said, “This eagle always has this problem. It 34 to fly high.” The next day, the king announced (宣布) that anyone who could help the other eagle fly 35 would get great prizes. Many people came, studied, and tried, but no one 36 . The king began to lose hope. Then one day, something 37 happened. The king saw both eagles flying high in the sky. He couldn’t 38 his eyes and called the keeper over. The keeper explained that a 39 had made it happen and then brought him to the king. The king asked the farmer, “How did you do this?” The farmer replied, “I just 40 the branch where the eagle used to sit. With no branch, it had to fly. And it did very well.” 31．A．loved B．thanked C．missed D．hated 32．A．If B．As C．After D．Until 33．A．Instead B．Actually C．Luckily D．However 34．A．hopes B．wants C．refuses D．stops 35．A．back B．high C．away D．fast 36．A．rested B．laughed C．cried D．succeeded 37．A．surprising B．sad C．funny D．terrible 38．A．open B．close C．believe D．protect 39．A．farmer B．teacher C．driver D．player 40．A．put up B．give up C．break down D．cut down Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西榆林·期末） In a small Chinese town lived a poor young man named Ma Liang. He loved 41 . One night, an old man visited Ma Liang in a dream while Ma Liang was sleeping. He 42 a paintbrush (画笔) to Ma Liang. “Help the 43 people with this magic paintbrush,” he said. “But don’t use it to help rich and greedy (贪婪的) people, or you will never paint again.” When Ma Liang 44 , he found the paintbrush. He painted a butterfly and was surprised to see it 45 out of the window. Ma Liang painted a buffalo (水牛) to help a farmer and 46 for hungry people. However, a rich man asked Ma Liang to paint some 47 for him. Ma Liang refused. “If you don’t paint for me, I’ll cut your fingers off,” the rich man said 48 . So Ma Liang painted an island of gold in the middle of a blue sea and a boat for the man. The man went to the island in the boat happily. Then Ma Liang painted a 49 on the side of the boat. Water entered the boat. The boat disappeared and nobody ever 50 the man again. 41．A．singing B．painting C．dancing D．swimming 42．A．gave B．repaired C．returned D．forgot 43．A．important B．stupid C．unusual D．poor 44．A．woke up B．gave up C．stood up D．picked up 45．A．fly B．swim C．run D．die 46．A．toy B．food C．silk D．water 47．A．rubbish B．islands C．ships D．gold 48．A．cleverly B．carefully C．angrily D．excitedly 49．A．window B．stone C．match D．hole 50．A．cheated B．protected C．saw D．pushed Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西延安·期末） 阅读下面一封书信，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使书信连贯完整。 An old man kept a sparrow (麻雀). He loved it very much. One day it flew away and the old man became sad. He went out to look for his sparrow. At last, he met his sparrow near a mountain. The old man said happily, “I 51 you very much, sparrow. Will you 52 me home?” 53 the sparrow was happy to see the old man, it shook its head. “Take me to your home and let me see your life,” The old man pleaded (恳求). “I will go away if I know you are 54 .” So the sparrow led the old man to his home. There were many other birds. They all looked healthy and enjoyed each other’s company (陪伴). “I am glad you are well and have good 55 , dear sparrow. I can go back 56 ,” said the old man. When it was time for the old man to leave, the sparrow gave him a 57 as a gift. When the old man 58 home, his wife said angrily, “Where were you all day? I was in need of your help but you weren’t home.” “I have been to the home of our 59 sparrow and received this basket as a gift,” he answered. When the old man opened the basket, he was 60 to find it was full of gold. 51．A．cared B．missed C．called D．raised 52．A．follow B．control C．hit D．sweep 53．A．Because B．When C．Though D．Before 54．A．broken B．excited C．elder D．safe 55．A．madams B．friends C．pupils D．stones 56．A．recently B．especially C．peacefully D．loudly 57．A．crayon B．sand C．mark D．basket 58．A．returned B．succeeded C．recorded D．collected 59．A．rapid B．lost C．soft D．certain 60．A．truthful B．opposite C．modern D．surprised 主题03 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage1 （24-25八年级上·陕西·期末） Rick was a great teacher. One day, his student Mark asked him, “I want 61 how to live a happy life.” Rick asked Mark to come with him to the forest. Then he would tell him the way of being happy. When they were walking to the forest, Rick 62 a big stone on the road. He asked Mark to pick up 63 , hold it in his hand and follow him. A few minutes later, Mark started feeling kind of tired, 64 he still kept walking and said nothing. When Mark 65 very tired, he told Rick about it. Rick asked him to put down the stone. After that, Mark felt relaxed. Then Rick smiled, “This is the way to live 66 .” Rick said to Mark, “When you hold the stone in your hand for a few minutes, you may 67 a little tired. But if you hold it for a long time, you’ll even feel sick. Life is the same. The stone is just like some problems 68 our life. The longer we carry with these 69 , the unhappier we will be. If you want to be happy, learn to put down 70 ‘stones’ in life.” 61．A．know B．to know C．forget D．to forget 62．A．will see B．has seen C．saw D．sees 63．A．stone B．a stone C．stones D．the stone 64．A．because B．but C．if D．or 65．A．is B．was C．are D．were 66．A．happily B．happy C．sadly D．sad 67．A．felt B．to feel C．feel D．feeling 68．A．in B．from C．to D．out 69．A．problem’s B．problems’ C．problem D．problems 70．A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西榆林·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 In a forest, there lived several blind men. One sunny day, they met a strange, 71 object when they were having fun. 72 caught them at once, and they ran back home, their hearts beating fast. The next day, these people 73 to go out and face it. The first man carefully walked up to the big object. His hand 74 slowly around it. After a while, he shouted, “It’s a tree.” But the second man just 75 his head because he touched something like a rope (绳子). After that, the third man climbed up and said, “You’re all 76 ! It must be a wall.” The fourth man jumped up and down, said “No, no! It’s a fan (扇子). I felt the wind while I was touching it.” They kept arguing, their voices getting louder and louder. 77 , the oldest man bravely ran around the object many times, checking every place. Then, he turned to his friends and said, “It’s an elephant! It has 78 parts that feel like a tree, a wall, a fan, and a rope.” The other men followed his example and finally they all 79 . The story teaches us that knowing just a part isn’t enough. True wisdom (智慧) comes from seeing the 80 . 71．A．short B．sick C．sweet D．huge 72．A．Light B．Cheat C．Fear D．Happiness 73．A．decided B．included C．imagined D．forgot 74．A．changed B．moved C．smiled D．hid 75．A．pushed B．passed C．shook D．hurt 76．A．right B．wrong C．honest D．busy 77．A．Sadly B．Secondly C．Recently D．Finally 78．A．similar B．clever C．different D．kind 79．A．agreed B．swept C．parted D．dropped 80．A．middle B．side C．top D．whole Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西西安·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Once upon a time, there was a very talented tailor (裁缝). He lived in an old house in a small 81 . The tailor and his wife were very kind to the people around them. Although they were 82 , they never forgot about helping others. A wise man heard about the tailor and 83 the small town one morning. The wise man asked the local people where the tailor lived. To his 84 , everyone here knew the tailor’s house. Then, the wise man reached the house and asked, “Excuse me. Could you help sew (缝) my clothes? However, I don’t have any money with me, so I can’t 85 it.” The tailor knew that the wise man was from outside the town, but still 86 to help him. He told the wise man that he could sew his clothes for free. The tailor was such a kind person and it was time for his reward (回报). The wise man told the tailor that because of his 87 , he wanted the tailor to become his personal tailor. The wise man 88 that he would give the tailor a big amount of money, and let him sew lots of clothes. The tailor told his family about the good news 89 . He also added, “We should remember to give people a 90 . Good luck will be on our side one day!” 81．A．city B．country C．market D．town 82．A．poor B．wild C．social D．strange 83．A．hid B．visited C．guessed D．opened 84．A．interest B．force C．surprise D．satisfaction 85．A．look for B．pay for C．care for D．prepare for 86．A．imagined B．introduced C．decided D．compared 87．A．loneliness B．happiness C．kindness D．sadness 88．A．controlled B．ordered C．carried D．promised 89．A．excitedly B．nervously C．especially D．recently 90．A．call B．hand C．smile D．change Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·陕西安康·期末） Jeff was a poor farmer. His neighbors were 91 and he was jealous (嫉妒的). Because of this, he didn’t 92 his neighbors. Jeff had a vegetable field but he had no bull to help him plow (犁地). One day, Jeff was 93 home from the field. An old man saw Jeff and asked, “What’s the matter? You seem very 94 .” Jeff said, “Everyone around me is rich. If I had a bull, I could 95 plow the field.” The old man gave his bull to Jeff, “This bull is yours now. After taking it home, you must 96 one of your neighbors to come to me.” Jeff felt surprised and asked, “Why?” The old man said, “I just want to give the 97 two bulls.” Hearing this, Jeff was 98 . “He is rich! If you give two bulls to him, I won’t even want this one,” he said. The old man laughed, “Do you know what your 99 is? It’s not poverty (贫穷) but jealousy. Everyone should focus on (专注) his own things not others’.” At that time, Jeff 100 the old man’s words were right. He promised that he would no longer get jealous of others. 91．A．cheap B．rich C．silly D．poor 92．A．get on with B．take care of C．part with D．call up 93．A．leaving B．building C．returning D．finding 94．A．upset B．glad C．lonely D．excited 95．A．truly B．differently C．quietly D．easily 96．A．meet B．give C．invite D．borrow 97．A．neighbor B．friend C．family D．member 98．A．relaxed B．interested C．happy D．angry 99．A．opinion B．problem C．idea D．report 100．A．changed B．realized C．marked D．feared 主题04 人与自然——航空与航天 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西西安·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Have you ever heard of stories such as Nu Wa Repairs the Sky, Chang’e Flies to the Moon and Kuafu chases the Sun? All of these stories have something in 101 . They carried the Chinese 102 of exploring the sun, moon and stars. What’s more, Chinese people have 103 taken action to explore the space since thousands of years ago. But who was the first Chinese that tried to fly into space? Time 104 to the Ming Dynasty. At the end of the 14th century, a man named Wan Hu dreamed of flying into the sky. With a 105 in his hand, he tied a chair with 47 rockets and sat on it. He planned to use the push of the rockets to fly into the sky, and then use the kite to 106 the earth. However, there was something 107 during the journey and he lost his life. But his 108 has encouraged millions of people. As a result, people thought he was the first man to go into space around the world. Now, we are still on the way to achieve our space dream. It may be very dangerous, but we should never 109 exploring. Hope everyone can study hard and do something 110 for our common dream in the future. 101．A．short B．total C．public D．common 102．A．warning B．dream C．danger D．menu 103．A．already B．never C．yet D．soon 104．A．lied B．covered C．returned D．fought 105．A．book B．kite C．stone D．knife 106．A．sound B．discover C．reach D．enter 107．A．wrong B．noisy C．lovely D．pleasant 108．A．post B．fear C．mark D．courage 109．A．like B．stop C．follow D．practice 110．A．helpful B．terrible C．similar D．boring Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西渭南·期末） Ding! This is your captain (机长) speaking. We expect to land on Mars soon. Please get ready to… Ah, what a 111 flight! Finally, I know 112 for me to start working. Wow! What a beautiful place it is! It seems to be red all over! Oh, I just forgot to introduce myself. My 113 is Zhu Rong. I was born in China. I’ll be the country’s first-ever spacecraft (宇宙飞船) to land on Mars and explore this famous planet. It’s a (n) 114 job but very valuable (有价值的). Lots of Chinese scientists 115 many days and nights training me since I got this job. I feel very proud to be a pioneer (开拓者)! I know many of you are interested 116 Mars. There are lots of books about 117 red planet. But in many ways, it is still a mysterious place. For the next three months, I’ll be working very hard. Perhaps I’ll run into many difficulties, 118 I’ll never give up (放弃). I’ll try my best to let Chinese scientists 119 more about Mars. Now it’s time to set out! Wish 120 good luck and wait for my good news! 111．A．small B．smaller C．long D．longer 112．A．is it time B．it is time C．it was time D．was it time 113．A．country B．name C．names D．countries 114．A．easy B．difficult C．easily D．difficultly 115．A．spend B．spends C．have spent D．will spend 116．A．of B．at C．with D．in 117．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 118．A．and B．but C．so D．or 119．A．learning B．to learn C．to learning D．learn 120．A．I B．my C．me D．mine Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西渭南·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 “It is very interesting and Liu Yang is so cool!” Li Manqi told the reporter 121 . She is a junior middle school student in Zhengzhou. She dreamed of being a (n) 122 one day when she was a child. From her father, she knew that scientists make rockets (火箭) to 123 things into space, and spaceships are used to carry people through space. From then on, she has had great interest in space. Every time she sees beautiful stars and the moon in the 124 at night, she gets very excited. On the afternoon of October 12th, 2022, Li Manqi 125 the three Chinese astronauts do some interesting tests in “Tianhe” space capsule (太空舱). “It is really 126 that Liu Yang drinks juice with a two-meter-long pipe (管),” she said. “I am also 127 that our country has successfully travelled to space because of scientific and technological progress. Scientists have 128 a lot from the space travel. These are making our lives better and better. I want to be an astronaut like Liu Yang. I must 129 hard and learn more about the universe. Although it’s not easy to make my dream 130 , I decide to try my best. I’ve had this dream for many years. It has brought me a lot of joy and always gives me power.” 121．A．nervously B．angrily C．humorously D．excitedly 122．A．artist B．astronaut C．teacher D．scientist 123．A．send B．provide C．buy D．find 124．A．cloud B．earth C．sun D．sky 125．A．showed B．invited C．watched D．explained 126．A．surprising B．lovely C．smart D．ancient 127．A．sleepy B．serious C．proud D．afraid 128．A．mentioned B．discovered C．heard D．introduced 129．A．teach B．move C．exercise D．study 130．A．come out B．come true C．come from D．come on 主题05 人与社会——礼仪与习俗 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·陕西渭南·期末） British people usually say “hello” or “nice to see you” and shake hands when they meet you for the first time. They only greet relatives (问候亲戚) or 131 friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with subjects (话题) like the weather, holidays, music or books. They never 132 ages, weight or money. Once a group of 133 students went to England for a holiday. Their teacher told them that the English people almost never shake hands. So when they 134 their English friends at the station, they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students learned that the Germans 135 hands as often as possible. So they put their hands in front and got 136 to shake hands with them. It made both of them laugh. British people think it is rude to push in (插队) before others. They always 137 in a line. They say “sorry” if they bump into (偶遇) you in the street. When they want you to move, they say “ 138 ”. They do not like to shout or laugh loudly in public. British people are very polite at home, too. They say “please” or “thank you” to 139 members all the time. “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When we are in a strange place, we should do as the 140   people do. 131．A．usual B．wide C．careless D．close 132．A．look up B．talk about C．come in D．turn off 133．A．German B．Japanese C．American D．British 134．A．forgot B．warned C．met D．hurt 135．A．pass B．shake C．raise D．grow 136．A．possible B．common C．pleased D．ready 137．A．produce B．understand C．wait D．agree 138．A．see you B．excuse me C．help yourself D．good job 139．A．family B．club C．group D．society 140．A．public B．quiet C．local D．serious / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 完形填空 主题01 人与自我——叙事忆旧 Passage 1 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A Passage 2 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．A Passage 3 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 主题02 人与社会——体育名人 Passage 1 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．A 36．D 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．A 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 41．A 42．C 43．D 44．B 45．D 46．C 47．B 48．B 49．D 50．A Passage 2 51．A 52．D 53．B 54．D 55．C 56．C 57．A 58．D 59．B 60．C Passage 3 61．C 62．B 63．D 64．B 65．A 66．C 67．D 68．A 69．D 70．B 主题04 人与社会——文体活动 Passage 1 71．B 72．A 73．C 74．B 75．D 76．A 77．A 78．B 79．D 80．C 主题01 人与自我——个人经历 Passage1 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C Passage 2 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．D 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D Passage 3 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 主题02 人与自我——寓言故事 Passage1 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．B 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．A 40．D Passage 2 41．B 42．A 43．D 44．A 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．D 50．C Passage 3 51．B 52．A 53．C 54．D 55．B 56．C 57．D 58．A 59．B 60．D 主题03 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage1 61．B 62．C 63．D 64．B 65．B 66．A 67．C 68．A 69．D 70．B Passage 2 71．D 72．C 73．A 74．B 75．C 76．B 77．D 78．C 79．A 80．D Passage 3 81．D 82．A 83．B 84．C 85．B 86．C 87．C 88．D 89．A 90．B Passage 4 91．B 92．A 93．C 94．A 95．D 96．C 97．A 98．D 99．B 100．B 主题04 人与自然——航空与航天 Passage 1 101．D 102．B 103．A 104．C 105．B 106．C 107．A 108．D 109．B 110．A Passage 2 111．C 112．B 113．B 114．B 115．C 116．D 117．C 118．B 119．D 120．C Passage 3 121．D 122．B 123．A 124．D 125．C 126．A 127．C 128．B 129．D 130．B 主题05 人与社会——礼仪与习俗 Passage 1 131．D 132．B 133．A 134．C 135．B 136．D 137．C 138．B 139．A 140．C / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 完形填空 主题01 人与自我——叙事忆旧 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西榆林·期末） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Do you remember what you were doing 1 the day of moon landing (着陆)? Some people don’t 2 it really happened. Why do you think they feel this way? 3 did the moon landing make you feel? Lynette White: I 4 18 months old that year, my dad was pointing at the bright moon and telling me that the astronauts 5 at that time. Rose Allred: My dear dad passed away (去世) in January that year and I remembered how I wished he were here to see 6 event that year. I never thought I would see that in 7 life time. Todd Steenbergen: My parents and my aunt were watching it on TV while I was playing with a balloon (气球). I was a 8 boy, and for some reason, that balloon broke 9 when Neil Armstrong’s foot hit the moon. My family thought 10 moon exploded (爆炸)! 1．A．in B．on C．of D．for 2．A．to belong B．belong C．to believe D．believe 3．A．What B．Why C．When D．How 4．A．is B．was C．are D．were 5．A．were walking B．walks C．is walking D．has worked 6．A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 7．A．I B．my C．me D．mine 8．A．four years old B．four-years-old C．four-year-old D．four-year old 9．A．recently B．recent C．suddenly D．sudden 10．A．the B．an C．a D．/ 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过几个人的回忆，描述了人们对登月这一历史时刻的不同记忆和感受。 1．句意：你还记得登月那天你在做什么吗？ in后接年/月/季节等；on后接具体某一天；of……的；for后接一段时间。根据“the day of moon landing”可知，此处指具体某一天，应用介词on。故选B。 2．句意：有些人不相信这是真的。 to belong属于，动词不定式；belong属于，动词原形；to believe相信，动词不定式；believe相信，动词原形。根据“it really happened”可知，此处指不相信这是真的，don’t后接动词原形。故选D。 3．句意：登月让你感觉如何！ What什么；Why为什么；When什么时候；How如何。根据“did the moon landing make you feel”可知，此处询问登月让你感觉如何，应用how。故选D。 4．句意：那年我18个月大，我爸爸指着明亮的月亮告诉我宇航员当时正在上面行走。 is是，be动词第三人称单数；was是，be动词过去式；are是，be动词复数；were是，be动词过去式复数。根据“that year”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语为I，be动词应用was。故选B。 5．句意：那年我18个月大，我爸爸指着明亮的月亮告诉我宇航员当时正在上面行走。 were walking正在行走，过去进行时；walks行走，动词第三人称单数；is walking正在行走，现在进行时；has worked已经工作，现在完成时。根据“at that time”可知，句子时态为过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing，主语为the astronauts，be动词应用were。故选A。 6．句意：我亲爱的爸爸在那年一月去世了，我记得我是多么希望他能就在这儿看到那一年最大的事件。 big大的，形容词原级；bigger更大的，形容词比较级；biggest最大的，形容词最高级；the biggest最大的，形容词最高级前加the。根据“event that year”可知，此处指那一年最大的事件，应用形容词最高级，且最高级前加the。故选D。 7．句意：我从没想过在我的有生之年能看到它。 I我，人称代词主格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；me我，人称代词宾格；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“life time”可知，此处指我的有生之年，应用形容词性物主代词my修饰名词life。故选B。 8．句意：我是一个四岁的男孩，由于某些原因，当尼尔·阿姆斯特朗的脚踩到月球时，那个气球突然破了。 four years old四岁，作表语；four-years-old错误表达；four-year-old四岁的，作定语；four-year old错误表达。根据“boy”可知，此处指四岁的男孩，应用four-year-old作定语修饰名词boy。故选C。 9．句意：我是一个四岁的男孩，由于某些原因，当尼尔·阿姆斯特朗的脚踩到月球时，那个气球突然破了。 recently最近，副词；recent最近的，形容词；suddenly突然，副词；sudden突然的，形容词。根据“that balloon broke”可知，此处指气球突然破了，应用副词suddenly修饰动词broke。故选C。 10．句意：我的家人以为月亮爆炸了！ the定冠词，表特指；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。根据“moon”可知，此处指月亮，世界上独一无二的事物前应用定冠词the。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西宝鸡·期末） In the morning, we went on a trip to Green Natural Park. We were happy because it was a 11 day. On the way, we kept singing and talking happily. However, when we finished our picnic at 1:00 p.m., it 12 dark and windy. Soon, there was a rainstorm. Unluckily, none of us brought a(n) 13 . We ran about but we could find no place to hide. Twenty minutes passed and it was still raining. There were hours to go before we 14 the campsite (野营地). It was even worse that our small compass (指南针) showed that we went the 15 way. We lost our way! We had to make a quick decision as it was raining 16 . Chris said we could 17 a tent to hide in, so Mary and Tom helped to do it. Chris and I tried to make a fire to keep us 18 . But we couldn’t light the fire, as everything was wet. We had to wait inside the 19 . At about five, it stopped raining. We decided to 20 the trip because all of us were very tired. This trip may not be very successful but we get the most important thing-the importance of teamwork. 11．A．windy B．rainy C．sunny D．cloudy 12．A．folded B．became C．stayed D．failed 13．A．umbrella B．flashlight C．candle D．hat 14．A．made B．reached C．built D．watched 15．A．right B．slow C．wrong D．usual 16．A．hardly B．lonely C．recently D．heavily 17．A．get up B．make up C．put up D．use up 18．A．cold B．warm C．icy D．cool 19．A．fire B．trip C．tree D．tent 20．A．give up B．get into C．hear from D．call up 【答案】 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文通过一次旅行中的意外事件（天气突变、迷路、设备不足），突出了团队合作的重要性。 11．句意：我们很高兴，因为这是一个阳光明媚的日子。 windy有风的；rainy多雨的；sunny晴朗的；cloudy多云的。根据“We were happy”可知，天气晴朗。故选C。 12．句意：然而，当我们在下午一点结束野餐时，天变黑了，刮风了。 folded折叠；became变得；stayed停留；failed失败。根据“it... dark and windy”可知，此处表示从晴天转为黑暗和多风，表示变化过程，应用became。故选B。 13．句意：不幸的是，我们谁也没有带伞。 umbrella雨伞；flashlight手电筒；candle蜡烛；hat帽子。根据“Soon, there was a rainstorm.”和“Unluckily”可知，暴风雨来了，不幸的是没有人带雨伞。故选A。 14．句意：离我们到达营地还有好几个小时。 made使；reached到达；built建筑；watched观看。根据“the campsite”可知，此处指到达野营地。故选B。 15．句意：更糟糕的是，我们的小罗盘指示我们走错了路。 right正确的；slow慢的；wrong错误的；usual通常的。根据“We lost our way!”可知，作者迷路了，说明指南针显示方向错误。故选C。 16．句意：雨下得很大，我们必须迅速作出决定。 hardly几乎不；lonely孤独地；recently最近；heavily大量地。根据“We had to make a quick decision as it was raining...”可知，此处需要描述雨势大，导致必须快速决定，heavily修饰raining，表示“雨下得很大”。故选D。 17．句意：克里斯说我们可以搭个帐篷躲起来，于是玛丽和汤姆就帮忙搭了起来。 get up起床；make up构成；put up搭建；use up用完。根据“Chris said we could... a tent to hide in,”可知，此处指搭建帐篷避难。故选C。 18．句意：克里斯和我试着生火取暖。 cold寒冷的；warm暖和的；icy严寒的；cool凉爽的。根据“make a fire”可知，生火是为了变得暖和。故选B。 19．句意：我们不得不在帐篷里等着。 fire火；trip旅行；tree树；tent帐篷。文提到搭建了帐篷，且生火失败，因此只能在帐篷内等待。故选D。 20．句意：我们决定放弃这次旅行，因为我们都很累了。 give up放弃；get into进入；hear from收到某人的信件；call up使想起。根据“because all of us were very tired”可知，作者他们决定放弃这次旅行。故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·陕西西安·期末） Dave likes music very much. He even thinks of it as part of his life. He often listens to music when he feels tired. He thinks music can make 21 relaxed. He likes Beethoven’s music 22 of all the music. 23 , a terrible accident happened to him one day. It was 4: 10 in the afternoon. 24 his way home after school, a car hit him because the driver was making a phone call while he 25 . The car driver soon sent Dave to the nearest hospital. However, Dave couldn’t wake up. 26 hour later, Dave’s parents arrived. They were very sad to see their son lying in bed silently. The doctors tried their best to save Dave, but he still “slept” quietly. Dave’s mother 27 pretty sad but she still tried her best to take care of her son. Dave’s father had to go to work 28 money. Dave’s mother tried to chat with Dave all the time 29 she never received any reply. When it came to music, Dave’s mother played Beethoven’s music for Dave. To everyone’s surprise, Dave opened his eyes. All the doctors and Dave’s parents were shocked (震惊) at 30 they saw. They were happy that music saved the boy! 21．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 22．A．well B．better C．best D．good 23．A．Lucky B．Unlucky C．Luckily D．Unluckily 24．A．On B．To C．At D．In 25．A．drove B．has driven C．will drive D．was driving 26．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 27．A．was B．is C．were D．are 28．A．make B．to make C．making D．makes 29．A．because B．if C．though D．and 30．A．how B．why C．when D．what 【答案】 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 【导语】本文主要讲了一个热爱的音乐的男孩戴夫，在遭遇车祸以后不能醒来，母亲用音乐唤醒他的故事。 21．句意：他认为音乐可以使他放松。 he他；him他；his他的；himself他自己。根据“He thinks music can make...relaxed.”可知，用him在动词后作宾语，故选B。 22．句意：所有的音乐中他最喜欢贝多芬的音乐。 well好；better更好；best最好；good好的。根据“of all the music.”可知，三者以上的比较应用最高级，故选C。 23．句意：不幸的是，有一天他发生了一场可怕的事故。 Lucky幸运的；Unlucky不幸的；Luckily幸运地；Unluckily不幸地。根据“a terrible accident happened to him one day.”可知，发生了一场可怕的事故是不幸的，此处用副词修饰句子，故选D。 24．句意：在他放学回家的路上，一辆车撞了他，因为司机一边开车一边打电话。 On在……上；To到；At在；In在……里。on one’s way“在某人去……路上”，故选A。 25．句意：在他放学回家的路上，一辆车撞了他，因为司机一边开车一边打电话。 drove一般过去时；has driven现在完成时；will drive一般将来时；was driving过去进行时。此处是while引导的时间状语从句，主从句都用过去进行时，表示两个动作同时进行， 故选D。 26．句意：一个小时后，戴夫的父母到了。 A用于辅音音素前；An用于元音音素前；The表示特指；/不填。此处表泛指，hour以元音音素开头，应用an，故选B。 27．句意：戴夫的妈妈很伤心，但她仍然尽力照顾她的儿子。 was是，am/is过去式；is是，主语是三单；were是，are的过去式；are是，主语是you或复数。句子是一般过去时，主语是三单，be动词用was。故选A。 28．句意：戴夫的父亲不得不去工作赚钱。 make动词原形；to make动词不定式；making动名词；makes动词三单。分析句子可知，工作是为了赚钱，应用不定式表目的，故选B。 29．句意：戴夫的母亲一直试图和戴夫聊天，但她从来没有收到任何回复。 because因为；if如果；though尽管；and并且。前后句是转折让步关系，应用though引导让步状语从句，故选C。 30．句意：所有的医生和戴夫的父母都对他们所看到的感到震惊。how如何；why为什么；when什么时候；what什么。此处是宾语从句，应用what连接，并作saw的宾语，故选D。 主题02 人与社会——体育名人 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） In Spelling Bee competitions, children try to spell difficult words correctly. And by spelling words, 14-year-old Zaila won first prize in the 2021 National Spelling Bee. To get to this point, Zaila practiced for seven hours a day. She tried 31 the spelling of about 13,000 words every day. But 32 girl describes spelling as a side hobby. She says her “real thing” is a basketball player or a coach in the NBA．Zaila started practicing dribbling (运球) 33 she was five years old. For her eighth birthday, her parents gave 34 a Guinness World Records book. After reading the book, the girl wanted to get a record for herself. So far, Zaila 35 three Guinness world records for all her basketball skills. Her favorite record is the most basketballs dribbled at the same time by one person. She has practiced it 36 two years before creating the record for her 13th birthday. Zaila also 37 more than 12,000 followers on social media. 38 of her dribbling basketballs have brought her high praise (称赞). Zaila says that she is trying to make more achievements (成就) and practices 39 than before. By doing this, she hopes to encourage teenagers around the world. She wants them to know 40 all of the things that they put their minds to. The word “teenager” means someone who is between thirteen and nineteen years old. 31．A．to avoid B．avoid C．to remember D．remember 32．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 33．A．when B．if C．but D．because 34．A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 35．A．has set B．set C．sets D．is setting 36．A．at B．to C．on D．for 37．A．have B．has C．do D．does 38．A．Videos’ B．Video’s C．Videos D．Video 39．A．hardest B．the hardest C．hard D．harder 40．A．that they can do B．that can they do C．what they can do D．what can they do 【答案】 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．A 36．D 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了14岁的Zaila在拼写比赛和篮球技能方面所取得的成就，以及她对未来的展望和给青少年的鼓励。 31．句意：她每天试着记住大约13000个单词的拼写。 to avoid避免，动词不定式；avoid避免，动词原形；to remember记住，动词不定式；remember记住，动词原形。根据“the spelling of about 13,000 words every day”可知，此处指试着记住单词的拼写，try to do sth.“试着做某事”，故此处应为动词不定式to remember。故选C。 32．句意：但是这个女孩说拼写只是她的一个业余爱好。 a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词；the这个/那个，表特指。由“girl describes spelling as a side hobby”可知，此处特指上文提到的Zaila这个女孩，故应用定冠词the。故选D。 33．句意：Zaila五岁时就开始练习运球。 when当……时候；if如果；but但是；because因为。由“Zaila started practicing dribbling…she was five years old”可知，此处指Zaila五岁的时候就开始练习运球，故用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。 34．句意：在她八岁生日的时候，她的父母送给她一本吉尼斯世界纪录。 she她，人称代词主格；her她，人称代词宾格/她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。由“her parents gave…a Guinness World Records book”可知，此处指她的父母送给她一本书，动词gave后应接人称代词宾格her作宾语。故选B。 35．句意：到目前为止，Zaila已经创造了三项吉尼斯世界纪录。 has set已经创造，现在完成时；set创造，动词原形/过去式；sets创造，动词第三人称单数形式；is setting正在创造，现在进行时。由“So far”可知，本句为现在完成时，即have/has done，主语Zaila为第三人称单数，故应用助动词has。故选A。 36．句意：在创造13岁生日记录之前，她已经练习了两年。 at在；to到；on在……上面；for后接一段时间。由“She has practiced it…two years”可知，此处指她已经练习了两年，“for+一段时间”表持续的时间。故选D。 37．句意：Zaila在社交媒体上也有超过12000名粉丝。 have有，动词原形；has有，动词第三人称单数形式；do做，动词原形；does做，动词第三人称单数形式。由“Zaila also…more than 12,000 followers”可知，此处指她有超过12000名粉丝，本句为一般现在时，主语Zaila为第三人称单数，故应用动词第三人称单数形式has。故选B。 38．句意：她运球的视频受到了高度赞扬。 Videos’视频的，名词所有格；Video’s视频的，名词所有格；Videos视频，名词复数；Video视频，名词单数。由“…of her dribbling basketballs”可知，此处指她运球的视频，故应用名词复数videos表泛指。故选C。 39．句意：Zaila说她正在努力取得更多的成就，并且比以前更加努力地练习。 hardest最努力地，副词最高级；the hardest最努力地，定冠词the+副词最高级；hard努力地，副词原级；harder更努力地，副词比较级。由“than before”可知，此处应用副词比较级harder修饰动词practices。故选D。 40．句意：她想让他们知道，他们可以用心去做所有的事情。 that they can do他们可以做，陈述句语序；that can they do疑问句语序；what they can do他们能做什么，陈述句语序；what can they do疑问句语序。由“She wants them to know…all of the things that they put their minds to.”可知，本句为宾语从句，应为陈述句语序，且从句中不缺少成分，故应用that引导宾语从句。故选A。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） My name is Daniel. I live in 41 town in Tennessee. When I was 7, I found a riverbank was covered 42 rubbish. I felt worried, because I knew rubbish could be 43 for animals in rivers. Now I’m 13, and I work to keep rubbish out of rivers. The Tennessee River 44 with rubbish. And I want to do something to help stop more pollution. For example, I do some river cleanups with others. We often find 45 rubbish, such as broken toys and plastic bags. Doing cleanups makes 46 happy. I know I’m saving animals’ lives. And I’m saving human (人类的) lives 47 . Because it continues up the food chain. Last year, I set up the Cleanup Kids with my friends to call on (呼吁) kids all around the world to pick up rubbish. So far (到目前为止), we 48 up millions of pieces of rubbish. I think it’s everyone’s duty 49 the environment. If each of us does something for the environment, all of us 50 a better life. 41．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 42．A．at B．from C．with D．for 43．A．well B．good C．badly D．bad 44．A．are polluted B．is polluted C．polluted D．pollutes 45．A．few B．many C．little D．plenty of 46．A．mine B．my C．me D．I 47．A．either B．as well C．also D．neither 48．A．has picked B．have picked C．picked D．will pick 49．A．protecting B．protect C．to protecting D．to protect 50．A．will have B．had C．have D．are having 【答案】 41．A 42．C 43．D 44．B 45．D 46．C 47．B 48．B 49．D 50．A 【导语】本文作者Daniel主要讲述了自己的环保经历。 41．句意：我住在田纳西州的一个小镇上。 a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词；/不填。此处表示“一个小镇”，town以辅音音素开头，应用冠词a。故选A。 42．句意：我七岁时，发现河岸边堆满了垃圾。 at在；from来自；with和，与；for为了。be covered with“被……覆盖”。故选C。 43．句意：我感到担忧，因为我知道垃圾可能会对河流里的动物有害。 well好；good好的；badly严重地；bad坏的。be bad for…“对……有害”。故选D。 44．句意：田纳西河被垃圾污染了。 are polluted被污染，一般现在时的被动语态；is polluted被污染，一般现在时的被动语态；polluted污染，一般过去时；pollutes污染，一般现在时。此处表示“被污染”，要用被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”，主语为第三人称单数，be动词应用is。故选B。 45．句意：我们经常发现有很多垃圾，诸如破玩具和塑料袋。 few很少；many许多；little几乎没有；plenty of许多。此处表示“许多垃圾”，many修饰可数名词复数，而rubbish是不可数名词，此处应用plenty of。故选D。 46．句意：做清洁工作使我感到快乐。 mine我的，名词性物主代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词；me我，宾格；I我，主格。make是动词，后面接人称代词宾格。故选C。 47．句意：我也在拯救人命呐。 either也，用于否定句句末；as well也，用于肯定句句末；also也，用于句中；neither两者都不。此处是说捡垃圾也是在拯救人类，这里是肯定句句末。故选B。 48．句意：到目前为止，我们已经捡了数百万的垃圾。 has picked现在完成时；have picked现在完成时；picked一般过去时；will pick一般将来时。根据“So far”可知时态为现在完成时，结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语是复数。故选B。 49．句意：我认为保护环境是每个人的责任。 protecting保护，现在分词；protect一般现在时；to protecting介词加动名词；to protect动词不定式。it’s one’s duty to do sth“做某事是某人的职责”。故选D。 50．句意：如果我们都为保护环境做些事，那我们大家的生活都会更好。 will have有，一般将来时；had一般过去时；have一般现在时；are having现在进行时。这是一个条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句为一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） In the past, Ne Zha’s hometown was a beautiful place with clear rivers and green mountains. But 51 changed when factories were built in the northern area. Thick smoke and chemical waste (浓烟和化学废物) slowly 52 the land into a gray desert. “Father, we used to swim in these rivers!” Ne Zha said to his father Li Jing. His father once worked in a steel factory. Li Jing said sadly, “Son, I think our 53 has been badly harmed.” Ne Zha decided to improve the situation. He gathered all villagers. They cleaned the waste and 54 new trees. Although it seemed impossible 55 , their hard work started showing results. Ne Zha’s mother, Yin Shi, 56 women to clean the block (障碍物) around the ancient temple. “We must do it until every street becomes clean,” she said. Even the children helped, carrying water in tiny buckets. After months of effort (努力), fish 57 to the rivers. At a village meeting, old Mr. Wang said, “This is the most 58 view I’ve seen since my childhood!” Everyone cheered when a butterfly landed on Ne Zha’s shoulder. Nowadays, the villagers keep in touch through online groups to 59 their home. As Ne Zha says, “True magic isn’t about fighting monsters, but guarding (守卫) the 60 around us.” 51．A．everything B．nothing C．everybody D．nobody 52．A．shut B．pushed C．filled D．turned 53．A．time B．environment C．peace D．money 54．A．considered B．shook C．killed D．planted 55．A．at last B．at most C．at first D．at least 56．A．entered B．hid C．organized D．warned 57．A．returned B．received C．caused D．attacked 58．A．honest B．difficult C．boring D．amazing 59．A．defeat B．protect C．greet D．forget 60．A．danger B．friendship C．beauty D．quality 【答案】 51．A 52．D 53．B 54．D 55．C 56．C 57．A 58．D 59．B 60．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了哪吒的家乡曾经是一个美丽的地方，但后来因为工厂的建立而遭受污染。哪吒决定带领村民们改善环境，经过几个月的努力，家乡的环境得到了显著改善。文章通过哪吒的故事传达了保护环境的重要性。 51．句意：但是当北部地区建起工厂时，一切都变了。 everything每件事物；nothing没有什么；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据“Thick smoke and chemical waste (浓烟和化学废物) slowly... the land into a gray desert.”可知，工厂的建立使得哪吒的家乡发生了巨大的变化，环境变得恶劣，因此此处表示“一切都变了”。故选A。 52．句意：浓烟和化学废物慢慢地把土地变成了灰色的沙漠。 shut关闭；pushed推；filled填充；turned转变。根据“the land into a gray desert”可知，此处表示“把土地变成了灰色的沙漠”，turn...into...为固定搭配，表示“把……变成……”。故选D。 53．句意：儿子，我想我们的环境受到了严重破坏。 time时间；environment环境；peace和平；money金钱。根据“Thick smoke and chemical waste (浓烟和化学废物) slowly...the land into a gray desert.”可知，工厂的建立导致环境变差，因此此处表示“环境受到了严重破坏”。故选B。 54．句意：他们清理了废物，种了新树。 considered考虑；shook摇晃；killed杀死；planted种植。根据“new trees”可知，此处表示“种了新树”，plant trees为固定搭配，表示“种树”。故选D。 55．句意：虽然一开始似乎不可能，但他们的努力开始显现成效。 at last最后；at most至多；at first起初；at least至少。根据“Although it seemed impossible... their hard work started showing results.”可知，此处表示转折关系，即“虽然一开始似乎不可能，但他们的努力开始显现成效”，因此此处表示“起初”。故选C。 56．句意：哪吒的母亲殷氏组织妇女清理古庙周围的障碍物。 entered进入；hid隐藏；organized组织；warned警告。根据“women to clean the block (障碍物) around the ancient temple”可知，此处表示“组织妇女清理古庙周围的障碍物”，organize sb to do sth为固定搭配，表示“组织某人做某事”。故选C。 57．句意：经过几个月的努力，鱼回到了河里。 returned返回；received收到；caused引起；attacked攻击。根据“After months of effort (努力), fish...to the rivers.”可知，经过几个月的努力，环境得到了改善，因此鱼回到了河里，return to为固定搭配，表示“回到”。故选A。 58．句意：这是我从小到大见过的最令人惊叹的景色！ honest诚实的；difficult困难的；boring无聊的；amazing令人惊叹的。根据“Everyone cheered when a butterfly landed on Ne Zha’s shoulder.”可知，环境得到了显著改善，大家都很高兴，因此此处表示“这是最令人惊叹的景色”。故选D。 59．句意：如今，村民们通过在线群组保持联系，以保护他们的家园。 defeat打败；protect保护；greet问候；forget忘记。根据“their home”和上下文语境可知，此处表示“保护他们的家园”，protect为动词，表示“保护”。故选B。 60．句意：正如哪吒所说：“真正的魔法不是打败怪物，而是守护我们周围的美。” danger危险；friendship友谊；beauty美；quality质量。根据“True magic isn’t about fighting monsters, but guarding (守卫) the...around us.”和上下文语境可知，哪吒带领村民们改善环境，守护了家乡的美，因此此处表示“守护我们周围的美”。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西·期末） Recycling is good for the environment. Mateo Lange is a 15-year-old boy from the US. He is helping 61 the environment in his community (社区) through his weekend recycling program. At 11 years old, while playing baseball, Lange’s team needed money to 62 the competitions. He soon came up with a plan. It can help reduce 63 and make the environment clean. In Michigan, bottles can be collected and 64 for money. With the help of his father, Lange started a recycling program, raising a lot of money in just 65 weeks. “Although each bottle is 66 , we’ve raised so much money. We will continue it as long as we can,” he said. This success made him happy and encouraged him to continue the program. In 2019, Michigan 67 its recycling program. It caused bottles to accumulate (累积) in people’s homes. Since 2020, Lange’s recycling plan has helped over 50 local youth groups. Besides, it has stopped tons of bottles from 68 Michigan’s land, lakes and rivers. “It has kept our community cleaner,” Lange said. In 2023, Lange 69 the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, recognizing (认可) his environmental efforts (努力) and community 70 . He believed the world would become a much better place. 61．A．choose B．push C．protect D．create 62．A．spell B．enter C．shut D．avoid 63．A．gold B．surface C．value D．waste 64．A．told B．sold C．nodded D．stolen 65．A．several B．many C．much D．little 66．A．tiny B．similar C．cheap D．cute 67．A．shone B．hid C．shook D．stopped 68．A．polluting B．preparing C．paying D．picking 69．A．warned B．gave C．lost D．received 70．A．search B．influence C．race D．pocket 【答案】 61．C 62．B 63．D 64．B 65．A 66．C 67．D 68．A 69．D 70．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国15岁少年Mateo Lange通过周末回收计划帮助社区环境保护的故事。 【详解】61．句意：他通过周末回收计划帮助保护他所在社区的环境。 choose选择；push推；protect保护；create创造。根据“He is helping...the environment in his community through his weekend recycling program”可知，Lange的回收计划是为了保护环境。故选C。 62．句意：11岁时，Lange在打棒球，他的球队需要钱参加比赛。 spell拼写；enter参加；shut关闭；avoid避免。根据“Lange’s team needed money to...the competitions”可知，球队需要钱是为了“参加”比赛。故选B。 63．句意：它能帮助减少废弃物并保持环境清洁。 gold金子；surface表面；value价值；waste废弃物。根据“It can help reduce...and make the environment clean”可知，回收计划可以帮助减少废弃物。故选D。 64．句意：在密歇根州，瓶子可以收集并出售卖钱。 told被告知；sold被售卖；nodded点头；stolen被偷来。根据“bottles can be collected and...for money”可知，瓶子被收集后可以售卖换钱。故选B。 65．句意：在父亲的帮助下，Lange开始了一项回收计划，在短短几周内就筹集了大量资金。 several几个；many许多；much许多，修饰不可数名词；little极少的，修饰不可数名词。根据“raising a lot of money in just...weeks”可知，时间较短且需修饰可数名词。故选A。 66．句意：尽管每个瓶子很小，我们已经筹集了很多钱。 tiny极小的；similar相似的；cheap便宜的；cute可爱的。根据“Although each bottle is..., we’ve raised so much money”可知，瓶子虽然便宜，但筹集了很多钱。故选C。 67．句意：在2019年，密歇根州停止了回收计划。 shone闪耀；hid隐藏；shook摇晃；stopped停止。根据后文“It caused bottles to accumulate”可推知，计划停止导致瓶子累积问题。故选D。 68．句意：此外，他的计划阻止了数吨瓶子污染密歇根的土地、湖泊和河流。 polluting污染；preparing准备；paying支付；picking采摘。根据“stopped tons of bottles from...Michigan’s land, lakes and rivers”可知，瓶子会污染环境。故选A。 69．句意：2023年，Lange获得了Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes，以表彰他在环保方面的努力和社区影响力。 warned警告；gave给予；lost失去；received获得。根据“Lange...the Gloria Barron Prize”可知，他获得了这个奖项。故选D。 70．句意：2023年，Lange获得了Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes，以表彰他在环保方面的努力和社区影响力。 search搜索；influence影响；race比赛；pocket口袋。根据“recognizing his environmental efforts and community...”可知，这个奖项是为了表彰他在环保方面的努力和社区影响力。“influence”与“efforts”并列最合理。故选B。 主题04 人与社会——文体活动 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） Dear Li Ming, How are you? This week in school, our class had a sports meet! We had 71 different events—jump rope, long jump, sit-ups, push-ups and “Jump over the Dinosaur”. Everyone competed in each event, one 72 one. The events were fun! Sandra won first place in the jump rope event. She 73 180 times in one minute without stopping. Lisa won second place in the long jump. She jumped very far, but Kim jumped 74 . But my favourite 75 was Danny’s. He called it “Jump over the Dinosaur”. It was a 76 . Each person walked on some paper pizzas, climbed through a cardboard donut and then jumped over a toy dinosaur. We used a watch to see who was the fastest. What was the 77 ? Danny won the race! 78 of us could catch him! But I was close. I was only two seconds slower than Danny. Brian was sad because he 79 . He came in twentieth. He did his best, 80 he kept falling off the paper pizzas! Jenny 71．A．four B．five C．six D．seven 72．A．by B．of C．on D．to 73．A．tied B．spelled C．jumped D．pushed 74．A．faster B．farther C．higher D．earlier 75．A．trade B．test C．hobby D．event 76．A．race B．record C．choice D．relative 77．A．result B．report C．reason D．advice 78．A．Anyone B．None C．Everyone D．Someone 79．A．succeeded B．paid C．won D．lost 80．A．because B．if C．but D．and 【答案】 71．B 72．A 73．C 74．B 75．D 76．A 77．A 78．B 79．D 80．C 【导语】本文是Jenny写给Li Ming的信，信中描述了班级运动会的情况，包括跳绳、跳远、仰卧起坐、俯卧撑和“跳过恐龙”等比赛项目以及比赛情况。 71．句意：我们有五个不同的项目——跳绳、跳远、仰卧起坐、俯卧撑和“跳过恐龙”。 four四；five五；six六；seven七。根据“jump rope, long jump, sit-ups, push-ups and ‘Jump over the Dinosaur’”可知，此处指有五个不同的项目。故选B。 72．句意：每个人都参加了每个项目，一个接一个。 by通过；of……的；on在……上面；to到。one by one“一个接一个”，是固定用法。故选A。 73．句意：她在一分钟内不间断地跳了180次。 tied系；spelled拼写；jumped跳；pushed推动。根据“Sandra won first place in the jump rope event.”可知，Sandra参加的是跳绳比赛，所以此处指她跳了180次。故选C。 74．句意：她跳得很远，但Kim跳得更远。 faster更快；farther更远；higher更高；earlier更早。根据“Lisa won second place in the long jump.”可知，Lisa在跳远比赛中获得第二名，but表示转折，所以此处指Kim跳得比Lisa远。故选B。 75．句意：但我最喜欢的项目是Danny的。 trade交易；test测试；hobby业余爱好；event项目。根据“He called it ‘Jump over the Dinosaur’.”和第一段中的“different events”可知，此处指运动会中的比赛项目。故选D。 76．句意：这是一场速度竞赛。 race速度竞赛；record记录；choice选择；relative亲戚。根据“Each person walked on some paper pizzas, climbed through a cardboard donut and then jumped over a toy dinosaur. We used a watch to see who was the fastest.”可知，该项目是速度竞赛。故选A。 77．句意：结果如何？ result结果；report报道；reason理由；advice建议。根据“Danny won the race!”可知，此处询问比赛结果如何。故选A。 78．句意：我们谁也追不上他！ Anyone任何人；None没有一个；Everyone每个人；Someone某人。根据“Danny won the race!”可知，Danny赢得了比赛，所以此处指没有一个人能够追上他。故选B。 79．句意：Brian很伤心，因为他输了。 succeeded成功；paid支付；won赢得；lost输掉。根据“Brian was sad”可知，Brian输掉了比赛。故选D。 80．句意：他尽了最大的努力，但他总是从纸披萨上摔下来！ because因为；if如果；but但是；and和。根据“He did his best... he kept falling off the paper pizzas!”可知，横线前后表示转折关系，所以用连词but。故选C。 主题01 人与自我——个人经历 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·陕西渭南·期末） I was born in a family of doctors. My parents were really surprised when I told 1 I wanted to be a violinist. At first, they thought it was just a temporary (暂时的) thought. When I said it again three months later, they knew I was serious 2 it. Then my family gave me a lot of support (支持). Learning the violin is not a piece of cake. It means practising for many 3 every day. Most of the time, especially at the beginning, it 4 bad. This is why, during the first few years, I thought of giving up. Anyway, I kept taking classes 5 my violin skills better. Later I joined in an activity. Then I found playing with other musicians was one of 6 experiences. When we had 7 show together in front of many people, the joy we gave to others would make me really happy. Now I 8 a musician already. My sister is a doctor. She agrees 9 the best choice. She often jokes that my job is not so different from hers. She treats (治愈) people’s bodies, 10 I treat their hearts. 1．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 2．A．about B．for C．with D．of 3．A．hour B．hour’s C．hours D．hours’ 4．A．sound B．sounds C．smell D．smells 5．A．teach B．to teach C．practice D．to practice 6．A．more excited B．most excited C．the more exciting D．the most exciting 7．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 8．A．become B．became C．have become D．will become 9．A．whether was it B．that it was C．whether it was D．that was it 10．A．if B．so C．but D．because 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者出生于医生家庭，但是作者想成为一名小提琴手，通过努力，作者最终成 为了一名音乐家。 1．句意：当我告诉他们我想成为一名小提琴手时，我的父母非常惊讶。 they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs 他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“My parents were really surprised when I told...I wanted to be a violinist.”以及选项可知，应选宾格人称代词them，指代My parents，作动词told的宾语。故选B。 2．句意：当他们三个月后我再次说这件事时，他们知道我是认真的。 about关于；for为了；with和；of......的。be serious about“对......是认真的”。故选A。 3．句意：这意味着每天练习几个小时。 hour小时，单数；hour’s小时的，单数名词所有格；hours小时，复数；hours’小时的，复数名词所有格。根据“It means practising for many...every day.”以及选项可知，应选hours，作宾语。for many hours“几个小时”。故选C。 4．句意：大多数时候，特别是在刚开始的时候，它听起来很糟糕。 sound 听起来，动词原形；sounds听起来，动词第三人称单数；smell闻起来，动词原形；smells闻起来，动词第三人称单数。根据前一句“It means practising for many...every day.”以及选项可知，此处是指每天练习几个小时这事听起来很糟糕。主语是it，所以选sounds。故选B。 5．句意：不管怎样，我一直在上课，以更好地练习我的小提琴技巧。 teach教，动词原形；to teach教，动词不定式；practice练习，动词原形；to practice练习，动词不定式。根据“Anyway, I kept taking classes...my violin skills better.”以及选项可知，此处表示我一直在上课，以更好地练习我的小提琴技巧。应选动词不定式形式to practise，作状语，表目的。故选D。 6．句意：然后我发现和其他音乐家一起演奏是最令人兴奋的经历之一。 more excited更令人兴奋的；most excited 最令人兴奋的；the more exciting较令人兴奋的；the most exciting最令人兴奋的。根据“one of...experiences”以及选项可知，是“one of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词”结构，表示“最……之一”。故选D。 7．句意：当我们一起在很多人面前表演时，我们给别人带来的快乐使我真正感到快乐。 a不定冠词，后加辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，后加元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词；/零冠词。根据“When we had...show together in front of many people”以及选项可知，应用不定冠词，泛指一场表演。show是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故选 A。 8．句意：现在我已经是一名音乐家了。 become成为，动词原形；became成为，动词过去式；have become 已经成为，现在完成时；will become将成为，一般将来时。根据“already”以及选项可知，应用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，表示作者已经成为了一名音乐家。故选C。 9．句意：她同意这是最好的选择。 whether was it疑问语序；that it was它是，陈述语序；whether it was它是否是，陈述语序；that was it疑问语序。根据“She agrees...the best choice.”以及选项可知，agrees后接的是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，从句中不缺成分，应用that引导。故选B。 10．句意：她治疗人们的身体，但我治疗他们的心。 if如果；so因此；but但是；because因为。根据“She treats (治愈) people’s bodies”和“I treat their hearts”以及选项可知，两者之间是转折关系，应用but连接。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西商洛·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 I still remember an unforgettable plane journey. I was flying to New York at night when a storm started and the 11 met severe turbulence (剧烈颠簸). When I 12 the passengers (乘客), I could see that nearly all of them were very worried and afraid. We were in a very dangerous 13 and nobody felt safe at this time. Then, I saw a little girl. It seemed that the storm meant 14 to her. She sat on her seat and was 15 a book quietly. Sometimes she closed her eyes, and then she would read again, with no 16 or fear (恐惧) in her eyes. When other passengers were scared half to death, that girl was completely calm. I couldn’t believe my eyes. How 17 she was! When the plane 18 arrived at the airport, I was not surprised to find that all the passengers were hurrying to come out. I 19 to talk to that girl. I asked why she wasn’t scared. “My daddy is the pilot, and he is taking me home,” the girl answered proudly. “He is a good pilot and I always 20 my daddy.” A pilot is a person who is trained to fly a plane. 11．A．bus B．plane C．train D．car 12．A．woke up B．got off C．joined in D．looked at 13．A．situation B．lesson C．health D．question 14．A．no one B．everyone C．nothing D．everything 15．A．testing B．wasting C．depending D．reading 16．A．worry B．trouble C．interest D．mess 17．A．nervous B．brave C．awful D．humorous 18．A．hardly B．heavily C．finally D．terribly 19．A．stopped B．led C．finished D．counted 20．A．fight B．tidy C．refuse D．trust 【答案】 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．D 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者在一次飞往纽约的夜间航班上，遭遇暴风雨时飞机颠簸，乘客们大多担忧害怕，而一个小女孩却异常镇静地看书，最终飞机安全抵达后，作者询问得知小女孩的父亲是飞行员，她坚信父亲能安全带她回家的故事。 11．句意：我晚上飞往纽约时，一场风暴开始了，飞机遇到了剧烈颠簸。 bus公共汽车；plane飞机；train火车；car小汽车。根据前文“I was flying to New York at night when a storm started ”以及选项可知，此处是指飞机。故选B。 12．句意：当我看着乘客时，我可以看到几乎所有的乘客都非常担心和害怕。 woke up醒来；got off下车；joined in加入；looked at看。根据下文“I could see that nearly all of them were very worried and afraid.”以及选项可知，此处是指当我看着乘客时。故选D。 13．句意：我们当时处于非常危险的境地，没有人感到安全。 situation情况、境地；lesson课；health健康；question问题。根据“We were in a very dangerous...and nobody felt safe at this time.”以及选项可知，此处表示处于非常危险的境地。故选A。 14．句意：暴风雨似乎对她来说没有什么。 no one没有人；everyone每个人；nothing没有什么；everything每件事。根据下一句“She sat on her seat and was...a book quietly.”以及选项可知，此处表示暴风雨似乎对她来说没有什么。故选C。 15．句意：她坐在座位上，静静地看书。 testing测试；wasting浪费；depending依赖；reading阅读。根据下文“Sometimes she closed her eyes, and then she would read again”以及选项可知，此处是指看书。故选D。 16．句意：有时她闭上眼睛，然后她会再次阅读，眼中没有担心或恐惧。 worry担心；trouble麻烦；interest兴趣；mess混乱。根据“Sometimes she closed her eyes, and then she would read again, with no...or fear (恐惧) in her eyes.”以及选项可知，应选名词worry，和后面的fear并列。故选A。 17．句意：她是多么勇敢啊！ nervous紧张的；brave勇敢的；awful很坏的；humorous幽默的。根据前文“When other passengers were scared half to death, that girl was completely calm.”以及选项可知，此处是指勇敢。故选B。 18．句意：当飞机终于到达机场时，我并不惊讶地发现所有的乘客都匆匆忙忙地出来了。 hardly几乎不；heavily在很大程度上；finally终于；terribly非常。根据“When the plane...arrived at the airport”以及选项可知，此处表示当飞机终于到达机场时。故选C。 19．句意：我停下来和那个女孩说话。 stopped停止；led领导；finished完成；counted计数。根据前文“all the passengers were hurrying to come out”以及选项可知，此处是指我停下来和那个女孩说话。故选A。 20．句意：他是个好飞行员，我一直信任我爸爸。 fight战斗；tidy整理；refuse拒绝；trust信任。根据“My daddy is the pilot, and he is taking me home”和“He is a good pilot”以及选项可知，此处是指信任我爸爸。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） In May 2024, Alkut Dilxat, from Xinjiang, became the youngest Chinese climber to reach the summit (山顶) of Mountain Qomolangma. The boy went through quite a lot because of the extreme (极端的) 21 , like strong wind and snow. But he got over all these difficulties. “Reaching the summit of Mountain Qomolangma is very 22 , but I have confidence in finishing it. I 23 my team and guides,” he said. Alkut is a teenager, but he is a 24 mountain climber. He began to learn climbing at 7. He climbed his first mountain at 10 with his 25 . His father is a mountain climbing guide. To 26 for it, Alkut ran 10 kilometers every morning and took professional training (专业的训练) in his spare time, such as weekends and 27 . In 2023, he and his father reached a 7,546- meter summit in Xinjiang. On 19 May, Alkut finally reached the top of the world and 28 a new record. “I am excited, 29 reaching the summit of Mountain Qomolangma is the dream of many climbers. I feel very happy that I 30 in realizing my dream.” Alkut said. He plans to climb the highest peaks on six other continents. 21．A．study B．weather C．cloud D．thought 22．A．dangerous B．simple C．weak D．dirty 23．A．test B．steal C．trust D．waste 24．A．nervous B．shy C．tiny D．great 25．A．brother B．father C．mother D．teacher 26．A．offer B．care C．share D．prepare 27．A．birthday B．vacations C．future D．beginning 28．A．created B．explained C．weighed D．sold 29．A．but B．if C．because D．so 30．A．translated B．paid C．pushed D．succeeded 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了Alkut Dilxat于2024年5月成为最年轻的登上珠穆朗玛峰的中国登山者。 21．句意：由于强风和大雪等极端天气，这个男孩经历了很多。 study学习；weather天气；cloud云；thought思想。根据“like strong wind and snow”可知，此处指极端天气。故选B。 22．句意：登上珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰非常危险的，但我有信心完成它。 dangerous危险的；simple简单的；weak弱的；dirty脏的。根据“Reaching the summit of Mountain Qomolangma is very”可知，登上珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰很危险。故选A。 23．句意：我信任我的团队和导游。 test测试；steal窃取；trust信任；waste浪费。根据“I…my team and guides”可知，他信任他的团队和导游。故选C。 24．句意：Alkut是个十几岁的孩子，但他是个很棒的登山者。 nervous紧张的；shy害羞的；tiny极小的；great伟大的。根据“mountain climber”可知，他是个很棒的登山者。故选D。 25．句意：他10岁时和父亲第一次爬山。 brother兄弟；father爸爸；mother妈妈；teacher老师。根据“His father is a mountain climbing guide.”可知，此处指和父亲第一次爬山。故选B。 26．句意：为了做好准备，Alkut每天早上跑10公里，并在周末和假期等业余时间接受专业训练。 offer提供；care护理；share分担；prepare准备。根据“Alkut ran 10 kilometers every morning and took professional training in his spare time”可知，此处是为爬山做准备。故选D。 27．句意：为了做好准备，Alkut每天早上跑10公里，并在周末和假期等业余时间接受专业训练。 birthday生日；vacations假期；future未来；beginning开始。根据“such as weekends”可知，此处指周末和假期。故选B。 28．句意：5月19日，Alkut终于登上了世界之巅，创造了新的纪录。 created创建；explained解释；weighed称重；sold出售。根据“Alkut finally reached the top of the world”可知，他创造了新的纪录。故选A。 29．句意：我很兴奋，因为登上珠穆朗玛峰是许多登山者的梦想。 but但是；if如果；because因为；so如此。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是因果关系，前果后因，此处应用because。故选C。 30．句意：我很高兴我成功地实现了我的梦想。 translated翻译；paid付费；pushed推送；succeeded成功。根据“I feel very happy”可知，他成功实现了自己的梦想。故选D。 主题02 人与自我——寓言故事 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·陕西安康·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Long ago, a king got two baby eagles as a gift. He 31 them very much and invited an experienced keeper to take care of them. 32 time went by, the king noticed that both eagles grew bigger and looked even more amazing than before. He hoped to see the eagles fly. 33 , when the keeper set them free, one eagle flew high into the sky while the other just flew a few meters and then returned to its branch. The king wanted to know why. The keeper said, “This eagle always has this problem. It 34 to fly high.” The next day, the king announced (宣布) that anyone who could help the other eagle fly 35 would get great prizes. Many people came, studied, and tried, but no one 36 . The king began to lose hope. Then one day, something 37 happened. The king saw both eagles flying high in the sky. He couldn’t 38 his eyes and called the keeper over. The keeper explained that a 39 had made it happen and then brought him to the king. The king asked the farmer, “How did you do this?” The farmer replied, “I just 40 the branch where the eagle used to sit. With no branch, it had to fly. And it did very well.” 31．A．loved B．thanked C．missed D．hated 32．A．If B．As C．After D．Until 33．A．Instead B．Actually C．Luckily D．However 34．A．hopes B．wants C．refuses D．stops 35．A．back B．high C．away D．fast 36．A．rested B．laughed C．cried D．succeeded 37．A．surprising B．sad C．funny D．terrible 38．A．open B．close C．believe D．protect 39．A．farmer B．teacher C．driver D．player 40．A．put up B．give up C．break down D．cut down 【答案】 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．B 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．A 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了国王得到两只幼鹰作为礼物，其中一只鹰不愿高飞，最终在一位农夫的帮助下成功高飞的故事。 31．句意：他非常喜爱它们，还邀请了一位有经验的饲养员来照顾它们。 loved喜爱；thanked感谢；missed想念；hated讨厌。根据“Long ago, a king got two baby eagles as a gift.”以及“invited an experienced keeper to take care of them”可知，国王很喜爱这两只幼鹰，才会请人照顾它们。故选A。 32．句意：随着时间的推移，国王注意到两只鹰都长大了，看起来比以前更令人惊叹。 If如果；As随着；After在……之后；Until直到。“time went by”是“the king noticed that...”的伴随情况，“as time went by”是固定表达，意为“随着时间的推移”。故选B。 33．句意：然而，当饲养员把它们放出来时，一只鹰飞向高空，而另一只只飞了几米就回到了树枝上。 Instead反而；Actually实际上；Luckily幸运地；However然而。前文提到“He hoped to see the eagles fly.”，后文描述的两只鹰飞行情况不同，存在转折关系。故选D。 34．句意：它拒绝高飞。 hopes希望；wants想要；refuses拒绝；stops停止。根据“when the keeper set them free, one eagle flew high into the sky while the other just flew a few meters and then returned to its branch”可知，这只鹰不高飞，是拒绝高飞。故选C。 35．句意：第二天，国王宣布，任何能帮助另一只鹰高飞的人都将获得丰厚的奖品。 back回来；high高；away离开；fast快。前文一直在说鹰是否高飞的问题，此处指帮助鹰高飞。故选B。 36．句意：许多人来了，研究了，尝试了，但没有人成功。 rested休息；laughed笑；cried哭；succeeded成功。根据“but”可知，前后是转折关系，前面说尝试了，后面应该是没有成功。故选D。 37．句意：然后有一天，令人惊讶的事情发生了。 surprising令人惊讶的；sad悲伤的；funny有趣的；terrible可怕的。根据“The king saw both eagles flying high in the sky.”可知，之前那只不愿高飞的鹰现在高飞了，这是令人惊讶的事情。故选A。 38．句意：他简直不敢相信自己的眼睛，把饲养员叫了过来。 open打开；close关闭；believe相信；protect保护。因为之前那只鹰一直不高飞，现在突然高飞了，所以国王不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选C。 39．句意：饲养员解释说，是一个农夫做到了，然后把他带到了国王面前。 farmer农夫；teacher老师；driver司机；player运动员。根据后文“The king asked the farmer”可知，是农夫做到的。故选A。 40．句意：我只是砍倒了那只鹰过去常坐的树枝。 put up张贴；give up放弃；break down出故障；cut down砍倒。根据“With no branch, it had to fly”可知，没有树枝了，说明树枝被砍倒了。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西榆林·期末） In a small Chinese town lived a poor young man named Ma Liang. He loved 41 . One night, an old man visited Ma Liang in a dream while Ma Liang was sleeping. He 42 a paintbrush (画笔) to Ma Liang. “Help the 43 people with this magic paintbrush,” he said. “But don’t use it to help rich and greedy (贪婪的) people, or you will never paint again.” When Ma Liang 44 , he found the paintbrush. He painted a butterfly and was surprised to see it 45 out of the window. Ma Liang painted a buffalo (水牛) to help a farmer and 46 for hungry people. However, a rich man asked Ma Liang to paint some 47 for him. Ma Liang refused. “If you don’t paint for me, I’ll cut your fingers off,” the rich man said 48 . So Ma Liang painted an island of gold in the middle of a blue sea and a boat for the man. The man went to the island in the boat happily. Then Ma Liang painted a 49 on the side of the boat. Water entered the boat. The boat disappeared and nobody ever 50 the man again. 41．A．singing B．painting C．dancing D．swimming 42．A．gave B．repaired C．returned D．forgot 43．A．important B．stupid C．unusual D．poor 44．A．woke up B．gave up C．stood up D．picked up 45．A．fly B．swim C．run D．die 46．A．toy B．food C．silk D．water 47．A．rubbish B．islands C．ships D．gold 48．A．cleverly B．carefully C．angrily D．excitedly 49．A．window B．stone C．match D．hole 50．A．cheated B．protected C．saw D．pushed 【答案】 41．B 42．A 43．D 44．A 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．D 50．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个叫马良的年轻人得到了一支神奇的画笔，他用这支画笔帮助穷人，但拒绝为贪婪的富人作画，最终富人受到了惩罚的故事。 41．句意：他热爱绘画。 singing唱歌；painting绘画；dancing跳舞；swimming游泳。根据下文“He painted a butterfly...Ma Liang painted a buffalo (水牛) to help a farmer...”可知，马良热爱绘画。故选B。 42．句意：他给了马良一支画笔。 gave给；repaired修理；returned归还；forgot忘记。根据下文“Help the...people with this magic paintbrush”可知，老人给了马良一支画笔。故选A。 43．句意：用这支神奇的画笔帮助穷人。 important重要的；stupid愚蠢的；unusual不寻常的；poor贫穷的。根据下文“But don't use it to help rich and greedy (贪婪的) people”可知，此处指帮助穷人。故选D。 44．句意：当马良醒来时，他发现了那支画笔。 woke up醒来；gave up放弃；stood up站起来；picked up捡起。根据上文“One night, an old man visited Ma Liang in a dream while Ma Liang was sleeping.”可知，马良是在睡觉时梦到老人的，所以此处指他醒来后发现了画笔。故选A。 45．句意：他画了一只蝴蝶，惊讶地看到它从窗户飞了出去。 fly飞；swim游泳；run跑；die死。根据常识可知，蝴蝶会飞。故选A。 46．句意：马良画了一头水牛来帮助农民，并为饥饿的人画了食物。 toy玩具；food食物；silk丝绸；water水。根据“for hungry people”可知，为饥饿的人画了食物。故选B。 47．句意：然而，一个富人让马良为他画一些金子。 rubbish垃圾；islands岛屿；ships轮船；gold金子。根据下文“So Ma Liang painted an island of gold in the middle of a blue sea”可知，富人让马良为他画金子。故选D。 48．句意：富人生气地说。 cleverly聪明地；carefully仔细地；angrily生气地；excitedly兴奋地。根据“If you don't paint for me, I'll cut your fingers off”可知，富人威胁马良，所以他是生气的。故选C。 49．句意：然后马良在船边画了一个洞。 window窗户；stone石头；match火柴；hole洞。根据下文“Water entered the boat.”可知，水进入了船里，所以马良在船边画了一个洞。故选D。 50．句意：船消失了，再也没有人见过那个人。 cheated欺骗；protected保护；saw看见；pushed推。根据“The boat disappeared”可知，船消失了，所以再也没有人见过那个人。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西延安·期末） 阅读下面一封书信，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使书信连贯完整。 An old man kept a sparrow (麻雀). He loved it very much. One day it flew away and the old man became sad. He went out to look for his sparrow. At last, he met his sparrow near a mountain. The old man said happily, “I 51 you very much, sparrow. Will you 52 me home?” 53 the sparrow was happy to see the old man, it shook its head. “Take me to your home and let me see your life,” The old man pleaded (恳求). “I will go away if I know you are 54 .” So the sparrow led the old man to his home. There were many other birds. They all looked healthy and enjoyed each other’s company (陪伴). “I am glad you are well and have good 55 , dear sparrow. I can go back 56 ,” said the old man. When it was time for the old man to leave, the sparrow gave him a 57 as a gift. When the old man 58 home, his wife said angrily, “Where were you all day? I was in need of your help but you weren’t home.” “I have been to the home of our 59 sparrow and received this basket as a gift,” he answered. When the old man opened the basket, he was 60 to find it was full of gold. 51．A．cared B．missed C．called D．raised 52．A．follow B．control C．hit D．sweep 53．A．Because B．When C．Though D．Before 54．A．broken B．excited C．elder D．safe 55．A．madams B．friends C．pupils D．stones 56．A．recently B．especially C．peacefully D．loudly 57．A．crayon B．sand C．mark D．basket 58．A．returned B．succeeded C．recorded D．collected 59．A．rapid B．lost C．soft D．certain 60．A．truthful B．opposite C．modern D．surprised 【答案】 51．B 52．A 53．C 54．D 55．B 56．C 57．D 58．A 59．B 60．D 【导语】本文主要讲述一位老人因心爱的麻雀飞走而伤心，找到麻雀后发现它生活幸福而放心离开，最终获赠一篮金子的故事。 【详解】51．句意：我非常想念你，麻雀。 cared关心；missed想念；called称呼；raised养育。根据“I ... you very much, sparrow.”可知，麻雀飞走后老人伤心找它，此处应是“想念”，“miss”符合语境。故选B。 52．句意：你愿意跟随我回家吗？ follow跟随；control控制；hit击打；sweep打扫。根据“Will you ... me home?”可知，老人希望麻雀跟自己回家，“follow”符合逻辑。故选A。 53．句意：尽管麻雀见到老人很高兴，但它摇了摇头。 Because因为；When当……时；Though尽管；Before在……前。根据“... the sparrow was happy to see the old man, it shook its head.”可知，“高兴”和“摇头”是转折关系，“Though”引导让步状语从句。故选C。 54．句意：如果我知道你是安全的，我就会离开。 broken破碎的；excited兴奋的；elder年长的；safe安全的。根据“I will go away if I know you are ...”可知，结合后文麻雀带老人看自己的生活，可知是想让老人知道自己“安全”。故选D。 55．句意：我很高兴你很好，有好伙伴，亲爱的麻雀。 madams夫人（复数）；friends朋友；pupils学生；stones石头。根据“I am glad you are well and have good ... dear sparrow.”可知，结合前文提到“许多其他鸟陪伴”，friends最贴切。故选B。 56．句意：我可以安心地回去了。 recently最近；especially尤其；peacefully安心地；loudly大声地。根据“I can go back ...”可知，老人看到麻雀生活好，就“安心”回去，“peacefully”符合语境。故选C。 57．句意：当老人该离开的时候，麻雀给了他一个篮子作为礼物。 crayon蜡笔；sand沙子；mark标记；basket篮子。根据“When it was time for the old man to leave, the sparrow gave him a ... as a gift.”可知，结合后文提到“received this basket as a gift”，可知是“篮子”。故选D。 58．句意：当老人回到家时，他的妻子生气地说：“你一整天都去哪儿了？我需要你的帮助，但你不在家。” returned返回；succeeded成功；recorded记录；collected收集。根据“When the old man ... home”可知，“return home”是“回家”，符合语境。故选A。 59．句意：“我去了我们飞走的麻雀的家，收到了这个篮子作为礼物，” 他回答道。 rapid快速的；lost丢失的；soft柔软的；certain确定的。根据“I have been to the home of our ... sparrow and received this basket as a gift”可知，麻雀曾飞走，lost呼应前文。故选B。 60．句意：当老人打开篮子时，他惊讶地发现里面装满了金子。 truthful诚实的；opposite相反的；modern现代的；surprised惊讶的。根据“When the old man opened the basket, he was ... to find it was full of gold.”可知，此处指出乎意料，surprised符合情理。故选D。 主题03 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage1 （24-25八年级上·陕西·期末） Rick was a great teacher. One day, his student Mark asked him, “I want 61 how to live a happy life.” Rick asked Mark to come with him to the forest. Then he would tell him the way of being happy. When they were walking to the forest, Rick 62 a big stone on the road. He asked Mark to pick up 63 , hold it in his hand and follow him. A few minutes later, Mark started feeling kind of tired, 64 he still kept walking and said nothing. When Mark 65 very tired, he told Rick about it. Rick asked him to put down the stone. After that, Mark felt relaxed. Then Rick smiled, “This is the way to live 66 .” Rick said to Mark, “When you hold the stone in your hand for a few minutes, you may 67 a little tired. But if you hold it for a long time, you’ll even feel sick. Life is the same. The stone is just like some problems 68 our life. The longer we carry with these 69 , the unhappier we will be. If you want to be happy, learn to put down 70 ‘stones’ in life.” 61．A．know B．to know C．forget D．to forget 62．A．will see B．has seen C．saw D．sees 63．A．stone B．a stone C．stones D．the stone 64．A．because B．but C．if D．or 65．A．is B．was C．are D．were 66．A．happily B．happy C．sadly D．sad 67．A．felt B．to feel C．feel D．feeling 68．A．in B．from C．to D．out 69．A．problem’s B．problems’ C．problem D．problems 70．A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 【答案】 61．B 62．C 63．D 64．B 65．B 66．A 67．C 68．A 69．D 70．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过里克带马克去森林并让他拿着一块石头走路的经历，告诉人们生活中不要长时间背负问题，要学会放下问题才能获得快乐。 61．句意：我想要知道如何过上幸福的生活。 know知道；to know想要知道；forget忘记；to forget想要忘记。短语want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，根据下文可知，这里指想知道如何过上幸福的生活。故选B。 62．句意：Rick在路上看到了一块大石头。 will see将会看到（将来时）；has seen已经看到（现在完成时）；saw看到（一般过去时）；sees看到（一般现在时）。根据“When they were walking to the forest,”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以要用一般过去时。故选C。 63．句意：他让Mark捡起这块石头，拿在手里跟着他。 stone石头（单数）；a stone一块石头（单数，泛指）；stones石头（复数）；the stone这块石头（特指）。根据“Rick asked Mark to pick up… , hold it in his hand and follow him.”可知，此处指的是上文提到的那块大石头，所以要用定冠词the修饰，故选D。 64．句意：Mark开始觉得有点累，但是他仍然继续走，什么也没说。 because：因为；but：但是；if：如果；or：或者。前后句表示转折关系，应用but连接，故选B。 65．句意：当Mark非常累的时候，他告诉了Rick。 is是（一般现在时）；was是（一般过去时）；are是（一般现在时，复数）；were是（一般过去时，复数）。根据“he told Rick about it”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以要用一般过去时，主语是Mark，第三人称单数，系动词要用was，故选B。 66．句意：这就是活的快乐的方式。 happily快乐地（副词）； happy快乐的（形容词）；sadly悲伤地（副词）；sad悲伤的（形容词）。根据“After that，Mark felt relaxed.”可知，此处指的是“这就是快乐的生活方式”，要用副词happily修饰动词live，故选A。 67．句意：你可能会感觉有点累。 felt感觉（过去式）； to feel感觉（不定式）；feel感觉（原形）；feeling感觉（现在分词）。情态动词may后跟动词原形，故选C。 68．句意：这块石头就像我们生活中的一些问题。 in在……里面；from从……来；to到……去； out出去。根据“like some problems...our life”可知，这里指我们生活中的一些问题，应用介词in，故选A。 69．句意：我们带着这些问题越久，我们就会越不快乐。 problem’s问题的（单数所有格）；problems’问题的（复数所有格）；problem问题（单数）；problems问题（复数）。根据“The stone is just like some problems”可知，问题不止一个，所以要用复数形式problems，故选D。 70．句意：学会放下你的生活中的“石头”。 you你（主格或宾格）；your你的（形容词性物主代词）；yours你的（名词性物主代词）；yourself你自己（反身代词）。根据“put down...‘stones’ in life”可知，这里指学会放下你生活中的“石头”，应用形容词性物主代词your修饰“stones”，故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西榆林·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 In a forest, there lived several blind men. One sunny day, they met a strange, 71 object when they were having fun. 72 caught them at once, and they ran back home, their hearts beating fast. The next day, these people 73 to go out and face it. The first man carefully walked up to the big object. His hand 74 slowly around it. After a while, he shouted, “It’s a tree.” But the second man just 75 his head because he touched something like a rope (绳子). After that, the third man climbed up and said, “You’re all 76 ! It must be a wall.” The fourth man jumped up and down, said “No, no! It’s a fan (扇子). I felt the wind while I was touching it.” They kept arguing, their voices getting louder and louder. 77 , the oldest man bravely ran around the object many times, checking every place. Then, he turned to his friends and said, “It’s an elephant! It has 78 parts that feel like a tree, a wall, a fan, and a rope.” The other men followed his example and finally they all 79 . The story teaches us that knowing just a part isn’t enough. True wisdom (智慧) comes from seeing the 80 . 71．A．short B．sick C．sweet D．huge 72．A．Light B．Cheat C．Fear D．Happiness 73．A．decided B．included C．imagined D．forgot 74．A．changed B．moved C．smiled D．hid 75．A．pushed B．passed C．shook D．hurt 76．A．right B．wrong C．honest D．busy 77．A．Sadly B．Secondly C．Recently D．Finally 78．A．similar B．clever C．different D．kind 79．A．agreed B．swept C．parted D．dropped 80．A．middle B．side C．top D．whole 【答案】 71．D 72．C 73．A 74．B 75．C 76．B 77．D 78．C 79．A 80．D 【导语】本文主要讲述几个盲人遇奇怪物体，各摸部分后争论，最年长者摸遍后知是大象，众人领悟看整体的重要性的故事。 71．句意：在一个阳光明媚的日子里，他们玩乐时碰到了一个奇怪的、巨大的物体。 short矮的；sick生病的；sweet甜的；huge巨大的。根据“One sunny day, they met a strange ... object when they were having fun.”可知，结合后文对物体的触摸及描述，能感觉到是个较大的东西，“huge”符合语境。故选D。 72．句意：恐惧立刻笼罩了他们，他们跑回了家，心怦怦直跳。 Light光；Cheat欺骗；Fear害怕；Happiness幸福。根据“... caught them at once, and they ran back home, their hearts beating fast.”可知，遇到奇怪物体，盲人应是感到害怕，“Fear”符合语境。故选C。 73．句意：第二天，这些人决定出去直面这个物体。 decided决定（decide的过去式/过去分词）；included包括（include的过去式/过去分词）；imagined想象（imagine的过去式/过去分词）；forgot忘记（forget的过去式/过去分词）。根据“The next day, these people ... to go out and face it.”可知，“decide to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“决定做某事”。故选A。 74．句意：他的手慢慢移动着绕着它摸。 changed改变（change的过去式/过去分词）；moved移动（move的过去式/过去分词）；smiled微笑（smile的过去式/过去分词）；hid隐藏（hide的过去式）。根据“His hand ... slowly around it.”可知，触摸物体时手会绕着移动，“moved”符合语境。故选B。 75．句意：但第二个人只是摇了摇头，因为他摸到了像绳子一样的东西。 pushed推（push的过去式/过去分词）；passed通过（pass的过去式/过去分词）；shook摇动（shake的过去式）；hurt伤害（hurt的过去式/过去分词）。根据“But the second man just ... his head because he touched something like a rope (绳子).”可知，第二个人不认同第一个人的说法，会摇头，“shook”符合语境。故选C。 76．句意：之后，第三个人爬上去说：“你们都错了！这肯定是一堵墙。” right正确的；wrong错误的；honest诚实的；busy忙碌的。根据“You’re all ... ! It must be a wall.”可知，第三个人有不同看法，觉得前面的人说的不对，“wrong”符合语境。故选B。 77．句意：最后，最年长的人勇敢地绕着这个物体跑了很多次，检查每一个地方。 Sadly悲伤地；Secondly第二；Recently最近；Finally最后。根据“... the oldest man bravely ran around the object many times, checking every place.”可知，前面是其他人的做法，这里是最后最年长的人的行动，“Finally”符合语境。故选D。 78．句意：然后，他转向他的朋友们说：“这是一头大象！它有不同的部位，摸起来像树、墙、扇子和绳子。” similar相似的；clever聪明的；different不同的；kind善良的。根据“It’s an elephant! It has ... parts that feel like a tree, a wall, a fan, and a rope.”可知，是不同的部分，“different”符合语境。故选C。 79．句意：其他人效仿他，最后他们都认同了。 agreed同意（agree的过去式/过去分词）；swept扫（sweep的过去式/过去分词）；parted分开（part的过去式/过去分词）；dropped掉落（drop的过去式/过去分词）。根据“The other men followed his example and finally they all ...”可知，最年长的人说对了，其他人效仿后达成一致，“agreed”符合语境。故选A。 80．句意：真正的智慧源于看到整体。 middle中间；side边；top顶部；whole整个的。根据“True wisdom (智慧) comes from seeing the ...”可知，结合故事中盲人只摸部分就下结论，而了解整体才明白是大象，所以是强调看整体，“whole”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西西安·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Once upon a time, there was a very talented tailor (裁缝). He lived in an old house in a small 81 . The tailor and his wife were very kind to the people around them. Although they were 82 , they never forgot about helping others. A wise man heard about the tailor and 83 the small town one morning. The wise man asked the local people where the tailor lived. To his 84 , everyone here knew the tailor’s house. Then, the wise man reached the house and asked, “Excuse me. Could you help sew (缝) my clothes? However, I don’t have any money with me, so I can’t 85 it.” The tailor knew that the wise man was from outside the town, but still 86 to help him. He told the wise man that he could sew his clothes for free. The tailor was such a kind person and it was time for his reward (回报). The wise man told the tailor that because of his 87 , he wanted the tailor to become his personal tailor. The wise man 88 that he would give the tailor a big amount of money, and let him sew lots of clothes. The tailor told his family about the good news 89 . He also added, “We should remember to give people a 90 . Good luck will be on our side one day!” 81．A．city B．country C．market D．town 82．A．poor B．wild C．social D．strange 83．A．hid B．visited C．guessed D．opened 84．A．interest B．force C．surprise D．satisfaction 85．A．look for B．pay for C．care for D．prepare for 86．A．imagined B．introduced C．decided D．compared 87．A．loneliness B．happiness C．kindness D．sadness 88．A．controlled B．ordered C．carried D．promised 89．A．excitedly B．nervously C．especially D．recently 90．A．call B．hand C．smile D．change 【答案】 81．D 82．A 83．B 84．C 85．B 86．C 87．C 88．D 89．A 90．B 【导语】本文讲述了一位善良的裁缝帮助他人后获得回报的故事。 81．句意：他住在一个小镇的一所老房子里。 city城市；country国家；market市场；town城镇。根据后文“the small town”可知，裁缝居住在一个“小镇”。故选D。 82．句意：虽然他们很穷，但他们从不忘记帮助别人。 poor贫穷的；wild野生的；social社会的；strange奇怪的。根据“Although they were…they never forgot about helping others.”可知，该句是让步状语从句，此处应该是暗示裁缝经济状况不好，poor符合语境。故选A。 83．句意：一个智者听说了裁缝的事，一天早上来到小镇。 hid躲藏；visited访问；guessed猜测；opened打开。根据“A wise man heard about the tailor and”可知，智者专程来找裁缝，所以是“访问”小镇。故选B。 84．句意：令他吃惊的是，这里的每个人都知道裁缝家。 interest兴趣；force力量；surprise惊讶；satisfaction满意。根据“everyone here knew the tailor’s house.”可知，智者惊讶于所有人都认识裁缝，固定短语“to one’s surprise”表示“让某人惊讶的是”。故选C。 85．句意：但是，我身上没带钱，所以我付不起钱。 look for寻找；pay for支付；care for照顾；prepare for准备。根据“I don’t have any money with me”可知，智者说“没带钱”，所以无法“支付”缝衣费用，pay for符合语境。故选B。 86．句意：裁缝知道智者是外地人，但还是决定帮助他。 imagined想象；introduced介绍；decided决定；compared比较。根据“He told the wise man that he could sew his clothes for free.”可知，裁缝“决定”帮助智者，故选C。 87．句意：智者告诉裁缝，因为他的仁慈，他想让裁缝成为他的私人裁缝。 loneliness孤独；happiness快乐；kindness善良；sadness悲伤。根据“He told the wise man that he could sew his clothes for free.”以及前文提到的“they never forgot about helping others.”可知，全文主题是裁缝的“善良”，故选C。 88．句意：智者答应给裁缝一大笔钱，让他缝很多衣服。 controlled控制；ordered订购；carried携带；promised承诺。根据后文“The tailor told his family about the good news”可知，智者“承诺”给裁缝钱和机会，promised符合语境。故选D。 89．句意：裁缝兴奋地把这个好消息告诉了家人。 excitedly兴奋地；nervously紧张地；especially尤其；recently最近。此处指裁缝“兴奋地”告诉家人好消息，excitedly表达积极情绪。故选A。 90．句意：我们应该记得帮助别人。 call打电话；hand手；smile微笑；change改变。根据“We should remember to give people a”可知，此处指裁缝说要帮助别人，give a hand“帮助”。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·陕西安康·期末） Jeff was a poor farmer. His neighbors were 91 and he was jealous (嫉妒的). Because of this, he didn’t 92 his neighbors. Jeff had a vegetable field but he had no bull to help him plow (犁地). One day, Jeff was 93 home from the field. An old man saw Jeff and asked, “What’s the matter? You seem very 94 .” Jeff said, “Everyone around me is rich. If I had a bull, I could 95 plow the field.” The old man gave his bull to Jeff, “This bull is yours now. After taking it home, you must 96 one of your neighbors to come to me.” Jeff felt surprised and asked, “Why?” The old man said, “I just want to give the 97 two bulls.” Hearing this, Jeff was 98 . “He is rich! If you give two bulls to him, I won’t even want this one,” he said. The old man laughed, “Do you know what your 99 is? It’s not poverty (贫穷) but jealousy. Everyone should focus on (专注) his own things not others’.” At that time, Jeff 100 the old man’s words were right. He promised that he would no longer get jealous of others. 91．A．cheap B．rich C．silly D．poor 92．A．get on with B．take care of C．part with D．call up 93．A．leaving B．building C．returning D．finding 94．A．upset B．glad C．lonely D．excited 95．A．truly B．differently C．quietly D．easily 96．A．meet B．give C．invite D．borrow 97．A．neighbor B．friend C．family D．member 98．A．relaxed B．interested C．happy D．angry 99．A．opinion B．problem C．idea D．report 100．A．changed B．realized C．marked D．feared 【答案】 91．B 92．A 93．C 94．A 95．D 96．C 97．A 98．D 99．B 100．B 【导语】本文讲述了Jeff因嫉妒富邻居而关系差，老人点拨后他醒悟，不再嫉妒他人。 91．句意：他的邻居很有钱，他很嫉妒。 cheap便宜的；rich富有的；silly愚蠢的；poor穷的。 根据后文提到的“He is rich!”可知，Jeff的邻居很有钱。故选B。 92．句意：正因为如此，他和邻居们处得不好。 get on with与……相处；take care of照顾；part with与……分开；call up打电话给。由于嫉妒，Jeff无法与邻居和睦相处，故选A。 93．句意：一天，Jeff从地里回家。 leaving离开；building建造；returning返回；finding找到。根据“home from the field.”可知，从田地回家，用“returning home”表示“返回家中”。故选C。 94．句意：你看起来很沮丧。 upset心烦的；glad高兴的；lonely孤独的；excited兴奋的。根据“Everyone around me is rich. If I had a bull”可知，此处应该说看起来很沮丧。故选A。 95．句意：如果我有一头公牛，我就可以轻松地犁地了。 truly真正地；differently不同地；quietly安静地；easily容易地。根据“If I had a bull, I could…plow the field.”可知，Jeff说如果有牛，就能“轻松地”犁地，easily强调工具带来的便利。故选D。 96．句意：把它带回家后，你必须邀请你的一个邻居到我这里来。 meet遇见；give给；invite邀请；borrow借。根据“one of your neighbors to come to me.”可知，此处指邀请邻居。故选C。 97．句意：老人说：“我只是想给邻居两头牛。” neighbor邻居；friend朋友；family家庭；member成员。上下文明确提到“one of your neighbors ”，老人想给“邻居”两头牛。故选A。 98．句意：Jeff听了很生气。 relaxed放松的；interested感兴趣的；happy快乐的；angry生气的。根据“He is rich! If you give two bulls to him, I won’t even want this one,”可知，Jeff拒绝接受牛，并说邻居“很富有”，表现出愤怒。故选D。 99．句意：你知道你的问题是什么吗？ opinion意见；problem问题；idea主意；report报告。根据“It’s not poverty (贫穷) but jealousy.”可知，老人指出Jeff的问题。故选B。 100．句意：这时，Jeff意识到老人的话是对的。 changed改变；realized意识到；marked标记；feared害怕。根据“the old man’s words were right.”可知，Jeff最终“意识到”老人说的话的正确性。故选B。 主题04 人与自然——航空与航天 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·陕西西安·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Have you ever heard of stories such as Nu Wa Repairs the Sky, Chang’e Flies to the Moon and Kuafu chases the Sun? All of these stories have something in 101 . They carried the Chinese 102 of exploring the sun, moon and stars. What’s more, Chinese people have 103 taken action to explore the space since thousands of years ago. But who was the first Chinese that tried to fly into space? Time 104 to the Ming Dynasty. At the end of the 14th century, a man named Wan Hu dreamed of flying into the sky. With a 105 in his hand, he tied a chair with 47 rockets and sat on it. He planned to use the push of the rockets to fly into the sky, and then use the kite to 106 the earth. However, there was something 107 during the journey and he lost his life. But his 108 has encouraged millions of people. As a result, people thought he was the first man to go into space around the world. Now, we are still on the way to achieve our space dream. It may be very dangerous, but we should never 109 exploring. Hope everyone can study hard and do something 110 for our common dream in the future. 101．A．short B．total C．public D．common 102．A．warning B．dream C．danger D．menu 103．A．already B．never C．yet D．soon 104．A．lied B．covered C．returned D．fought 105．A．book B．kite C．stone D．knife 106．A．sound B．discover C．reach D．enter 107．A．wrong B．noisy C．lovely D．pleasant 108．A．post B．fear C．mark D．courage 109．A．like B．stop C．follow D．practice 110．A．helpful B．terrible C．similar D．boring 【答案】 101．D 102．B 103．A 104．C 105．B 106．C 107．A 108．D 109．B 110．A 【导语】本文开篇提到中国古代如女娲补天、嫦娥奔月、夸父逐日等与探索太空有关的神话故事，引出中国人探索太空的梦想。接着讲述了明朝万户尝试借助火箭和风筝飞向天空虽失败牺牲，但他的勇气鼓舞了无数人。最后表明现在人们仍在实现太空梦想的道路上，鼓励大家努力学习，为共同梦想做贡献。 101．句意：所有这些故事都有一些共同之处。 short短的；total总共的；public公共的；common共同的。“have something in common”是固定短语，意为“有一些共同之处”，符合语境。故选D。 102．句意：它们承载着中国人探索太阳、月亮和星星的梦想。 warning警告；dream梦想；danger危险；menu菜单。根据“They carried the Chinese...of exploring the sun, moon and stars.”可知，探索日月星辰是一种梦想。故选B。 103．句意：此外，中国人从几千年前就已经采取行动探索太空了。 already已经；never从不；yet还；soon很快。根据“since thousands of years ago”可知，这里表示从过去到现在一直存在的情况，用“already”表示“已经”采取行动。故选A。 104．句意：时间回到明朝。 lied说谎；covered覆盖；returned返回；fought战斗。根据“Time...to the Ming Dynasty.”可知，这里说回到明朝，用“returned”。故选C。 105．句意：他手里拿着一只风筝，把一把椅子绑在47枚火箭上，然后坐在上面。 book书；kite风筝；stone石头；knife刀。根据后文“then use the kite to...”可知，他手里拿的是风筝。故选B。 106．句意：他计划利用火箭的推力飞向天空，然后用风筝回到地球。 sound听起来；discover发现；reach到达；enter进入。根据“He planned to use the push of the rockets to fly into the sky, and then use the kite to...the earth.”可知，这里说用风筝“到达”地球。故选C。 107．句意：然而，在旅途中出了问题，他失去了生命。 wrong错误的；noisy吵闹的；lovely可爱的；pleasant令人愉快的。根据“However,there was something...during the journey and he lost his life.”可知，此处表示出了问题，“something wrong”表示“出了问题”，固定表达。故选A。 108．句意：但他的勇气鼓舞了数百万人。 post岗位；fear恐惧；mark标记；courage勇气。根据“But his...has encouraged millions of people.”可知，万户敢于尝试飞向天空这种危险的行为，体现的是他的“勇气”。故选D。 109．句意：这可能非常危险，但我们永远不应停止探索。 like喜欢；stop停止；follow跟随；practice练习。根据“It may be very dangerous, but we should never...exploring.”可知，虽然危险但不能“停止”探索。故选B。 110．句意：希望每个人都能努力学习，在未来为我们共同的梦想做一些有帮助的事情。 helpful有帮助的；terrible糟糕的；similar相似的；boring无聊的。根据“Hope everyone can study hard and do something...for our common dream in the future.”可知，这里说为梦想做“有帮助的”事情。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西渭南·期末） Ding! This is your captain (机长) speaking. We expect to land on Mars soon. Please get ready to… Ah, what a 111 flight! Finally, I know 112 for me to start working. Wow! What a beautiful place it is! It seems to be red all over! Oh, I just forgot to introduce myself. My 113 is Zhu Rong. I was born in China. I’ll be the country’s first-ever spacecraft (宇宙飞船) to land on Mars and explore this famous planet. It’s a (n) 114 job but very valuable (有价值的). Lots of Chinese scientists 115 many days and nights training me since I got this job. I feel very proud to be a pioneer (开拓者)! I know many of you are interested 116 Mars. There are lots of books about 117 red planet. But in many ways, it is still a mysterious place. For the next three months, I’ll be working very hard. Perhaps I’ll run into many difficulties, 118 I’ll never give up (放弃). I’ll try my best to let Chinese scientists 119 more about Mars. Now it’s time to set out! Wish 120 good luck and wait for my good news! 111．A．small B．smaller C．long D．longer 112．A．is it time B．it is time C．it was time D．was it time 113．A．country B．name C．names D．countries 114．A．easy B．difficult C．easily D．difficultly 115．A．spend B．spends C．have spent D．will spend 116．A．of B．at C．with D．in 117．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 118．A．and B．but C．so D．or 119．A．learning B．to learn C．to learning D．learn 120．A．I B．my C．me D．mine 【答案】 111．C 112．B 113．B 114．B 115．C 116．D 117．C 118．B 119．D 120．C 【导语】本文讲述了我国第一个登陆火星的航天器——祝融号火星车。 111．句意：啊，多么漫长的飞行啊！ small小的；smaller更小的；long长的；longer更长的。根据“We expect to land on Mars soon.”可知，这是到火星的飞行，故应是“漫长的”。此处是what引导的感叹句，故用原级。故选C。 112．句意：终于，我知道是时候开始工作了。 is it time是时候，一般现在时，疑问语序；it is time是时候，一般现在时，陈述语序；it was time一般过去时，陈述语序；was it time一般过去时，疑问语序。根据“I know…for me to start working.”可知，此处要用陈述语序，时态为一般现在时。It is time for sb. to do sth.意为“是某人该做某事的时候了”，故选B。 113．句意：我的名字叫祝融。 country国家；name名字；names名字，复数；countries国家，复数。根据“My...is Zhu Rong. I was born in China.”可知，本文为火星车的自述，故此处表达“我的名字”。谓语动词是is，故用单数，故选B。 114．句意：这是一项困难的工作，但非常有价值。 easy容易的，形容词；difficult困难的，形容词；easily容易地，副词；difficultly困难地，副词。根据“I’ll be the country’s first-ever spacecraft (宇宙飞船) to land on Mars and explore this famous planet.”可知，火星车的任务是探索火星，故可推断探索任务是“困难的”，形容词修饰名词job，故选B。 115．句意：自从我得到这份工作以来，许多中国科学家花了很多日日夜夜来训练我。 spend花费，动词原形；spends三单形式；have spent现在完成时；will spend一般将来时。根据“since I got this job”可知，此处用现在完成时。故选C。 116．句意：我知道你们很多人对火星感兴趣。 of……的；at在；with和；in在……里面。be interested in意为 “对……有兴趣”。此处表达的是“人们对火星感兴趣”。故选D。 117．句意：有很多关于这颗红色星球的书。 a一个，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头前；an不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头前；the定冠词，表特指；/ 零冠词。根据“There are lots of books about…red planet.”可知，此处表特指这颗红色星球，故选C。 118．句意：也许我会遇到许多困难，但我绝不会放弃。 and并且；but但是；so所以；or或者。根据“I’ll never give up”及“run into many difficulties”可知，前后表示转折关系。故选B。 119．句意：我将尽力让中国科学家更多地了解火星。 learning了解，动名词；to learn动词不定式；to learning介词加动名词；learn动词原形。根据“I’ll try my best to let Chinese scientists…more about Mars.”可知，此处考查let sb. do sth.意为 “让某人做某事”。故选D。 120．句意：祝我好运，等待我的好消息！ I我，主格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；me我，宾格；mine我的，名词性物主代词。空格前的wish是动词，故此处要用宾格，故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·陕西渭南·期末） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 “It is very interesting and Liu Yang is so cool!” Li Manqi told the reporter 121 . She is a junior middle school student in Zhengzhou. She dreamed of being a (n) 122 one day when she was a child. From her father, she knew that scientists make rockets (火箭) to 123 things into space, and spaceships are used to carry people through space. From then on, she has had great interest in space. Every time she sees beautiful stars and the moon in the 124 at night, she gets very excited. On the afternoon of October 12th, 2022, Li Manqi 125 the three Chinese astronauts do some interesting tests in “Tianhe” space capsule (太空舱). “It is really 126 that Liu Yang drinks juice with a two-meter-long pipe (管),” she said. “I am also 127 that our country has successfully travelled to space because of scientific and technological progress. Scientists have 128 a lot from the space travel. These are making our lives better and better. I want to be an astronaut like Liu Yang. I must 129 hard and learn more about the universe. Although it’s not easy to make my dream 130 , I decide to try my best. I’ve had this dream for many years. It has brought me a lot of joy and always gives me power.” 121．A．nervously B．angrily C．humorously D．excitedly 122．A．artist B．astronaut C．teacher D．scientist 123．A．send B．provide C．buy D．find 124．A．cloud B．earth C．sun D．sky 125．A．showed B．invited C．watched D．explained 126．A．surprising B．lovely C．smart D．ancient 127．A．sleepy B．serious C．proud D．afraid 128．A．mentioned B．discovered C．heard D．introduced 129．A．teach B．move C．exercise D．study 130．A．come out B．come true C．come from D．come on 【答案】 121．D 122．B 123．A 124．D 125．C 126．A 127．C 128．B 129．D 130．B 【导语】本文讲述了郑州初中生李曼琪对太空的兴趣以及她想成为像刘洋一样的宇航员的梦想。 121．句意：“太有趣了，刘洋太酷了！” 李曼琪兴奋地告诉记者。 nervously紧张地；angrily生气地；humorously幽默地；excitedly兴奋地。根据“It is very interesting and Liu Yang is so cool!”可知，李曼琪说的话体现出她的兴奋，此处应是兴奋地告诉记者。故选D。 122．句意：她小时候就梦想有一天能成为一名宇航员。 artist艺术家；astronaut宇航员；teacher教师；scientist科学家。根据后文“I want to be an astronaut like Liu Yang.”可知，她想成为宇航员。故选B。 123．句意：从爸爸那里，她知道科学家制造火箭是为了把东西送入太空，而宇宙飞船是用来载人穿越太空的。 send发送；provide提供；buy买；find找到。根据“scientists make rockets to…things into space”可知，火箭的作用是把东西送入太空，send…into…表示“把……送入……”。故选A。 124． 句意：每当她在夜晚的天空中看到美丽的星星和月亮时，她都会非常兴奋。 cloud云；earth地球；sun太阳；sky天空。根据“sees beautiful stars and the moon in the…at night”可知，星星和月亮是在天空中，所以是在天空中看到它们。故选D。 125．句意：2022年10月12日下午，李曼琪观看了三名中国航天员在“天和”太空舱内进行的一些有趣的试验。 showed展示；invited邀请；watched观看；explained解释。根据“the three Chinese astronauts do some interesting tests”可知，此处应是观看航天员做试验。故选C。 126．句意：“刘洋用两米长的管子喝果汁，这真的很令人惊讶，” 她说。 surprising令人惊讶的；lovely可爱的；smart聪明的；ancient古老的。根据“Liu Yang drinks juice with a two-meter-long pipe”可知，用两米长的管子喝果汁是让人惊讶的事情。故选A。 127．句意：我也为我国凭借科技进步成功进入太空而感到自豪。 sleepy困倦的；serious严肃的；proud自豪的；afraid害怕的。根据“our country has successfully travelled to space”可知，国家在太空领域取得成就，作为国人应是感到自豪的。故选C。 128．句意：科学家们从太空旅行中发现了很多东西。 mentioned提到；discovered发现；heard听到；introduced介绍。根据“Scientists have…a lot from the space travel”可知，科学家在太空旅行中会有很多发现。故选B。 129．句意：我必须努力学习，更多地了解宇宙。 teach教；move移动；exercise锻炼；study学习。根据“learn more about the universe”可知，要了解宇宙需要努力学习。故选D。 130．句意：虽然实现我的梦想并不容易，但我决定尽我最大的努力。 come out出版；come true实现；come from来自；come on加油。根据“make my dream…”可知，此处是指实现梦想，make one’s dream come true表示“使某人的梦想实现”。故选B。 主题05 人与社会——礼仪与习俗 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·陕西渭南·期末） British people usually say “hello” or “nice to see you” and shake hands when they meet you for the first time. They only greet relatives (问候亲戚) or 131 friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with subjects (话题) like the weather, holidays, music or books. They never 132 ages, weight or money. Once a group of 133 students went to England for a holiday. Their teacher told them that the English people almost never shake hands. So when they 134 their English friends at the station, they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students learned that the Germans 135 hands as often as possible. So they put their hands in front and got 136 to shake hands with them. It made both of them laugh. British people think it is rude to push in (插队) before others. They always 137 in a line. They say “sorry” if they bump into (偶遇) you in the street. When they want you to move, they say “ 138 ”. They do not like to shout or laugh loudly in public. British people are very polite at home, too. They say “please” or “thank you” to 139 members all the time. “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When we are in a strange place, we should do as the 140   people do. 131．A．usual B．wide C．careless D．close 132．A．look up B．talk about C．come in D．turn off 133．A．German B．Japanese C．American D．British 134．A．forgot B．warned C．met D．hurt 135．A．pass B．shake C．raise D．grow 136．A．possible B．common C．pleased D．ready 137．A．produce B．understand C．wait D．agree 138．A．see you B．excuse me C．help yourself D．good job 139．A．family B．club C．group D．society 140．A．public B．quiet C．local D．serious 【答案】 131．D 132．B 133．A 134．C 135．B 136．D 137．C 138．B 139．A 140．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国人的社交礼仪及相关文化习俗。 131．句意：他们只会用亲吻来问候亲戚或亲密的朋友。 usual寻常的；wide宽的；careless粗心的；close近的。根据“They only greet relatives (问候亲戚) or...friends with a kiss.”以及选项可知，此处是指亲密的朋友。close friends“亲密的朋友”。故选D。 132．句意:他们从不谈论年龄、体重或金钱。 look up查找；talk about谈论；come in进来；turn off关闭。根据“They never...ages, weight or money.”和常识以及选项可知，此处是指从不谈论年龄、体重或金钱。故选B。 133．句意：有一次，一群德国学生去英国度假。 German德国的；Japanese日本的；American美国的；British英国的。根据下文“The English students learned that the Germans...hands as often as possible.”可知，此处是指德国学生去。故选A。 134．句意：所以当他们在车站接他们的英国朋友时，他们把手放在背后。 forgot忘记；warned警告；met遇见；hurt伤害。根据“when they...their English friends at the station”以及选项可知，此处是指在车站接他们的英国朋友。meet sb at the station“在车站接某人”。故选C。 135．句意：英国学生了解到德国人尽可能经常握手。 pass通过；shake摇动；raise提高；grow生长。根据下一句“So they put their hands in front and got...to shake hands with them.”以及选项可知，此处是指握手。shake hands“握手”。故选B。 136．句意：于是他们把手放在前面，准备好和他们握手。 possible可能的；common普通的；pleased高兴的；ready准备好的。根据“they put their hands in front and got...to shake hands with them”以及选项可知，此处是指准备好和他们握手。故选D。 137．句意：他们总是排队等候。 produce生产；understand理解；wait等待；agree同意。根据前一句“British people think it is rude to push in (插队) before others.”以及选项可知，此处是指排队等候。故选C。 138．句意：当他们想让你动的时候，他们会说“对不起”。 see you再见；excuse me抱歉、打扰一下、对不起；help yourself自便；good job好工作。根据“When they want you to move”以及选项可知，此处表示他们会说“对不起”。故选B。 139．句意：他们总是对家人 说“请”或“谢谢”。 family家人；club俱乐部；group组；society社会。根据前一句“British people are very polite at home, too.”以及选项可知，此处是指家人。故选A。 140．句意：当我们在一个陌生的地方，我们应该像当地人一样做。 public公众的；quiet安静的；local当地的；serious严肃的。根据前一句“When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”以及选项可知，此处是指当地人。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $