英语 预测卷（人教版）（无听力音频）-【期末冲刺优选卷】2025-2026学年七年级下学期期末抢分优选卷

期末抢分优选卷-英语-预测卷 满分：120分考试时间：100分钟 一、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中边 佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1.How is the weather today? A.Windy. B.Rainy. C.Snowy. 2.How often does Mike visit his grandparents? A.Twice a week. B.Four times a week.C.Six times a week. 拟 3.Why did the man move to the countryside? A.To find a new job. 数 B.To live near his office. C.To live close to his friends 4.What does Li Mei like best about the Dragon Boat Festival? A.Eating zongzi. B.Making zongzi. C.Watching dragon boat races. 5.Where are the speakers? A.At home. B.In the playground.C.At a restaurant. 第二节听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、( 选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6.What is Sally doing? A.Watching TV. B.Playing basketball. C.Talking with her mum. 7.Where are Bob and Sally going? A.To the library. B.To the cinema. C.To the restaurant. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 8.What kind of dumplings does the woman want? 龄 A.Mutton and onion dumplings B.Beef and onion dumplings. C.Mutton and cabbage dumplings. 9.How much do they need to pay for the dumplings? A.7 yuan. B.10 yuan. C.14 yuan. 的 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10.How many people went to the countryside? A.Two. B.Three C.Four. 11.Where did they stay? A.In a tent. B.In a hotel. C.In a farmer's house. 摇 12.What was the weather like there? A.It was fine. B.It was rainy. C.It was windy. 听下面一段独白，回答第13至第15三个小题。 13.Where does Mike live? A.In Beijing. B.In Paris C.In London 14.Who is Edward? A.Mike's uncle. B.Mike's friend. C.Mike's brother 15.What can we know about Mike? A.He bought some Chinese books 初一期末抢分优选14套下册2-1 B.He likes the Monkey King best. C.He is interested in Chinese stories. 第三节 听下面一篇短文。请根据你所听到的内容，填写表格中所缺单词，每空限填一词。 短文读两遍。 School Rules 出最 Oget to school before 16. o'clock in the morning We have to Owear the school uniforms on 17. Obe quiet in the library Oclean the 18. after school Obring music players to school We can't Owear 19. in class ⊙20. in the classroom 二、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按要求做题。 A Some cities are famous for their weather.They even have special nicknames().Do you know 三个 what they are? Kunming Kunming has good weather all through the Seattle(西雅图) year.It isn't too cold or too hot.It is like spring How is the weather in Seattle?It rains a all year round.So people call it "the City of lot.There are more than 200 rainy days in Seattle Spring”. every year.So it is also called "the Rainy City". Chicago(芝加哥) London If you travel to Chicago,you'd better take People call London“the City of Fog”. a windcheater(防风夹克)with you.That's Every year,between spring and autumn,the because the city is called“△”.It is windy fog covers the city.There may be 70 to 80 foggy most of the year. days in a year. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 21.Why do people call Kunming "the City of Spring"? A.Because it rains a lot. B.Because it snows a lot. C.Because it isn't too cold or too hot. D.Because it is windy most of the year 22.How many rainy days are there in Seattle every year? A.About 150 days. B.About 70 to 80 days. C.More than 100 days. D.More than 200 days. 23.[新考法·信息还原]Which of the following is suitable(合适的)for△？ A.The City of Snowy. B.The Garden City. C.The City of Water. D.The Windy City. 24.What does the underlined word“covers”mean in the passage？? A.Saves. B.Fills C.Affects. D.Leaves. 25.What does the passage want to show us? A.Different people like different weather. B.Different cities have the same weather. C.People like different cities for different reasons. D.Some cities have special names because of their weather. 初一期末抢分优选14套下册2-2 B Mrs Archer always tells us,.“Keep your eyes on your own paper(试卷)”.It sounds easy,but not everyone follows it. One morning we were taking an English exam.I felt relaxed because it wasn't difficult for me. Suddenly,I noticed someone looking at my paper..It was James.He whispered(小声说)，“I wish you studied for this exam!”I didn't say anything.Then James said,“Ican'tsee！” I didn't know what to do..I was worried(担心的)because cheating(作弊)was wrong,but James is my friend.One voice in my head said,"He's your friend.Friends help each other.But another voice said,“You know cheating is bad.” I felt bad but I knew I must do the right thing.I put my arms around my answers.So James couldn't see them. After the exam,I said to James,"Sorry,James,but you know I don't like cheating.Maybe I can help you study next time."James smiled and said,"OK,Brian.It may be hard,but I'll try. I felt happy because our friendship()is still strong. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 26.In which exam did the story happen? A.Chinese. B.English. C.Maths. D.Geography. 27.Why did James whisper "I wish you studied for this exam!"to Brian? A.Because he felt bored about the exam. B.Because he wanted Brian to follow the rule. C.Because he wanted to see Brian's answers. D.Because he wanted to encourage Brian to do well. 28.[新考法·事件排序]Put the following information into correct order according to the passage. a.Brian said sorry to James. b.James couldn't see the answers. c.James looked at Brian's paper. d.Brian put his arms around his paper. e.Brian wanted to help James with his study. A.c-d-a-b-e B.c-b-a-d-e C.c-d-b-a-e D.c-e-b-d-a 29.[新考法·情感变化]How did the writer's feelings change? A.Relaxed-worried-happy. B.Worried-relaxed-happy. C.Worried-happy-relaxed. D.Relaxed-happy-worried. 30.What can we learn from the story? A.Good students should learn English well. B.Teachers should make strict rules in class. C.Real friends should help each other in exams. D.We can both follow the rule and keep friendship. C [新风向·前沿科技] [荣恒原创]The other day,I heard some old people talking.They were not talking about the weather.They were talking about robot dogs. “A robot dog doesn't need to walk in the rain,”one person said.“And it doesn't need a doctor,.” said another."If I am not here,I won't need to find someone to take care of it. I learnt something from their conversation.For many people,robots are now a part of real life.You can see this on shopping apps.People buy robot helpers just like they buy socks. Some robots are like friends.Robot dogs can follow you and play with you.You don't need to feed them or clean up.They are good for busy people. Other robots are helpers at home.They can clean your house and cook meals.They save time for families. Some robots even help children learn.They can teach in an interesting way.They can read stories 初一期末抢分优选14套下册2-3 and answer questions,and they never get tired. Why are robots popular(受欢迎的)now?Because they do not need a lot of money,and they are easy to buy.Now everyone can try them. Robots can give us more time for the people and things we love.Are you ready to have a robot in your life? 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 31.What were the old people talking about the other day? A.Hobbies. B.The weather. C.Families D.Robot dogs. 32.[新考法·写作手法]How does the writer start the passage? A.By giving an example. B.By asking questions. C.By telling a funny story D.By listing numbers. 33.[新考法·观，点态度]Which of the following does the writer agree with? A.Robots are only for old people. B.Robots may take people's jobs. C.Robots are difficult for most people to use. D.Robots are useful and give us more free time. 34.What can be the best title for the text? A.Robots in Our Lives B.Robots Are Our Friends C.The Lives of the Old D.Robot Teachers 35.In which part of a newspaper can we find the passage? A.Art. B.Science. C.Health D.Nature. D 配对阅读。左栏是五位同学的需求，右栏是七个A[应用程序的介绍。请为每位同学匹配最 合适的应用程序。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A.My Nature Animal Tracks gives information about the animal's 36. Lily is a 13-year-old footprints().You can find out which animal made them! student in Sydney.She wants to B.Audubon Trees shows pictures and names of different trees. learn Chinese but finds it difficult. People can quickly learn about the tree. 37. Tom is a tree lover. C.To help foreigners learn Chinese,iFlyChinese uses AI wisely. He is interested in all kinds of It has over 576,000 users all over the world. trees. D.Project NOAH teaches about nature and animals.Users can 38. Sarah loves exploring join the team and help collect information. nature.She also wants to help with E.Water Coach helps users remember to drink water.It tells collecting information. people how much water they need and when to drink it. 39. Jim would love to F.Code.org teaches children computer skills.It has useful improve his computer skills.He exercises for young learners.This app helps them understand thinks it's OK to do exercises. difficult ideas. 40. Anna often forgets to G.Epic-kid's Books Reading is one of the best reading apps for drink water.She needs to change. children under 12.It is a great way to help children start reading from an early age. 三、完形填空(20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选 出一个最佳答案。 All over the world,pancakes()are people's favourites,but different countries use different things to make them.41 are often sweet and sometimes salty.In France,pancakes 42 with chocolate.In Asia,they have fish on top.But in the UK,people have pancakes with lemons()and sugar.Which kind of pancakes would you like,sweet pancakes 43 salty ones? Every year there is a day for people in the UK 44 many pancakes.It's Pancake Day and it's 初一期末抢分优选14套下册2-4 always 45 a Tuesday,in February or March.People use 46 than 50 million eggs on this day. People 47 do lots of things with pancakes.In the UK,48 pancake games.People run with pancakes and throw()them into 49 air.People in America like pancake art a lot.People make pictures of their favourite stars(明星)！ It's easy and 50 to cook pancakes.You only need milk,water,flour(and eggs.Cook the things in a pan(平底锅)，and then throw the pancakes in the air! 41.A.They B.Them C.Their D.Theirs 42.A.comes B.come C.came D.coming 43.A.and B.but C.so D.or 44.A.eat B.to eat C.eating D.ate 45.A.after B.in C.at D.on 46.A.many B.more C.good D.better 47.A.can B.should C.need D.must 48.A.it is B.they are C.there are D.here is 49.A.a B.an C.the D./ 50.A.interest B.interesting C.interested D.interests 第二节完形填空 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Once upon a time,there was an old man.The old man gave East Mountain to his son,Qing Shan and West Mountain to his son,Hong Shan. There were many 51 in West Mountain.These trees were strong and 52.So Hong Shan 53 hard to cut them down for firewood ()Five years later,there were few trees in West Mountain,54 he began to grow crops().55,a heavy rain washed away all the crops.So he didn't have 56 to eat and had to ask his brother for help. There were only a few trees in East Mountain at the start,but Qing Shan had a(n)57.He first cut down the trees with poor quality()and then planted many healthy trees.He planted crops and 58 cows and horses too.Five years later,there were many trees,crops,cows and horses in the mountain.The heavy 59 couldn't wash away the crops because there were many trees there. Later people 60 Qing Shan and said,"As long as()the green mountains are there,there is no need to worry about firewood. 51.A.trees B.animals C.rules D.flowers 52.A.small B.poor C.short D.healthy 53.A.kicked B.worked C.cried D.ran 54.A.if B.although C.so D.because 55.A.Unluckily B.Finally C.Hopefully D.Certainly 56.A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing 57.A.friend B.idea C.arm D.rest 58.A.fed B.watched C.bit D.killed 59.A.snow B.storm C.fog D.rain 60.A.hated B.praised C.laughed D.found 四、语篇填空(10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 [荣恒原创]An elephant's trunk is not just a nose.Itis6l. (real)special!It is part of the elephant's mouth and 62. (have)one or two small“fingers”at the end！The trunk is soft, 63. it has about40,000 muscles(肌肉)！That64. be)far more than the 600 muscles in our body. Elephants use their trunks 65 many things.They eat and drink with them.They also take 初一期末抢分优选14套下册2-5 in air and smell with their trunks.An elephant's trunk can smell better than many other 66. animal),even dogs.So it's easy for 67. they)to find food. A trunk is also important for "talking".When elephants feel something is 68. danger), they put up their trunks to tell the others.Sometimes,they put their trunks together to be 69. friend)or show love.They can also blow air through the trunk to make sounds and show their feelings. A trunk is 70. nose,a hand and even a voice for elephants! 五、补全对话(5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据对话内容，在空白处填入适当的句子补全对话。 (Anna is talking with Bob on the phone. Anna:Hello?71. Bob:Hi,Anna.It's Bob speaking.72. Anna:I'm just watching a basketball game on the computer. Bob:I see.73. Anna:I use it every day.It's important in my life.I can learn a lot on it. Bob:That's true.74. Anna:Why? Bob:My parents are afraid I may play computer games,so they make this rule for me. Anna:I see. Bob:Well,I'm calling to ask you something.I want to go to the library tomorrow.75. Anna:I'm sorry.I have to go to my uncle's birthday party.You may ask Mary to join you. Bob:Well,I'll call her later. 六、书面表达（共20分） 你校正在举办主题为“特别的一天”的英文征文比赛，请你结合“My Special Day”这首小诗带 给你的思考和启发，以“A Special Day for Me in Grade7”为题，根据内容要点和写作要求，用英语写 一篇短文记录下这一天。 My Special Day We went outside the school that day, To learn in a new and different way, I saw,I touched,I tried,I asked, Each moment was a happy task, Not from books,but from the real life, I learnt something important and meaningful. 内容要点： 1.对你来说哪一天是特别的一天？ 2.这一天发生了什么？ 3.简单描述你的感受 写作要求： 1.文中应包含提示的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称； 3.词数70左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 A Special Day for Me in Grade 7 I have a lot of great memories and there is a special day for me to remember.I'd love to share it with you. 初一期末抢分优选14套下册2-6Fenhe Park and go boating in the afternoon.We are very happy. 期末抢分优选卷一英语一预测卷 一、1-5 CABCA6-10 ABBAC11-15 CABAC 16.eight/8 17.weekdays 18.classroom 19.hats 20.eat 二 A 21.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“It isn't too cold or too hot...So people call it 'the City of Spring'." 可知，昆明不太冷也不太热，因此人们称其为 “春城”。故选C。 22.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“There are more than2O0 rainy days in Seattle every year..”可知， 西雅图每年的雨天超过200天。故选D。 23.D【解析】信息还原题。根据“It is windy most of the year.”可知，芝加哥大部分时间有风，其绰 号很可能与“风”有关。故选D。 24.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据“the City of Fog' “There may be70to80 foggy days in a year..”可 知，伦敦的特色是雾天多，由此推知，雾气会笼罩 伦敦。故选B。 25.D【解析】主旨大意题。文章开篇“Some cities are famous for their weather.They even have special nicknames(绰号).”点明主旨。通读全文 可知，昆明、西雅图、芝加哥、伦敦四个城市因其 独特的气候特征而获得了不同绰号。故选D。 B 26.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“0ne morning we were taking an English exam.”可知， 故事发生在一场英语考试中。故选B。 27.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知， James在看Brian的试卷，并小声说自己看不见， 由此可推知他想看Brian的答案。故选C。 28.C【解析】事件排序题。通读全文可知，故事发 展顺序为：James看Brian的试卷(c)→Brian用 胳膊挡住答案(d)→James看不到答案(b)→考 试后Brian向James道款(a)→Brian提出帮 James学习(e)。故选C。 29.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Iflt relaxed”、第三段中的“I was worried(担心的)” 以及最后一段中的“I felt happy”可知，作者的情 感变化是从“放松”到“担心”再到“高兴”。故 选A。 30.D【解析】主旨大意题。文章讲述了Brian在考 试中拒绝帮助朋友作弊，事后主动提出帮朋友学 习，最终友谊得以维系的经历。这个故事告诉我 们：在遵守规则的同时也维护好友谊。故选D。 C 3l.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They were not talking about the weather.They were talk- ing about robot dogs.”可知，那天老人们正在谈 论的是机器狗。故选D。 32.A【解析】写作手法题。文章第一段和第二段 主要描述了几位老人关于机器狗的用处的讨论。 这场对话是一个例子，用来说明机器人已经成为 我们生活的一部分。故选A。 33.D【解析】观点态度题。本文第四、五、六段主 要讲述机器人的用处。最后一段中的“Robots can give us more time for the people and things we love.”可知，作者认为机器人能为我们腾出更多 时间。由此可推断，作者认同“机器人很有用， 能给我们更多空闲时间”这一观点。故选D。 34.A【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章从 老人谈论机器狗引入，分别介绍了机器狗、家用 机器人、教育机器人等多种机器人在日常生活中 的应用及其带来的便利，最后询问读者是否准备 好拥有机器人。整篇文章围绕“生活中的机器 人”展开，选项A“我们生活中的机器人”最能概 括全文内容。故选A。 35.B【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主 要介绍了机器人在日常生活中的多种应用及其 带来的便利，内容涉及科技产品及其对生活的影 响。这类话题最可能出现在报纸的“科学”部 分。故选B。 D 36.C【解析】此题的关键词是“learn Chinese”,与 右栏C选项中的“help foreigners learn Chinese” 呼应。故选C。 37.B【解析】此题的关键词是“trees'”,与右栏B选 项中的“Audubon Trees shows pictures and names of different trees.”呼应。故选B。 38.D【解析】此题的关键词是“exploring nature” “collecting information”,与右栏D选项中“Project NOAH teaches about nature and animals.”“help collect information”呼应。故选D。 39.F【解析】此题的关键词是“computer skills'” “it'sOK to do exercises”,与右栏F选项中 "Code.org teaches children computer skills.It has useful exercises for young learners.”呼应。故 选F。 40.E【解析】此题的关键词是“forgets to drink water”,与右栏E选项中“Water Coach helps users remember to drink water.”呼应。故选E。 三、 第一节 41.A【解析】此空作主语，指代上文的pancakes, 应填They。故选Ao 42.B【解析】此句的主语pancakes是名词复数，时 态是一般现在时，故其后的谓语用动词原形。故 选B。 43.D【解析】这是一个选择疑问句，用or表示“或 者”。故选D。 44.B【解析】此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修 饰aday,故选B。 45.D【解析】在具体的某一天前用介词on,故 选D。 46.B【解析】more than是一个短语，意为“超过”， 故选B。 47.A【解析】表示“能，可以”用情态动词can,故 选A。 48.C【解析】there be句型表示在某处有某物，或 在某时有某事（发生）。故选C。 49.C【解析】air前面应用定冠词the,故选C。 50.B【解析】此空和easy并列，都是形容词，且用 来修饰“to cook pancakes”,应用interesting,故 选B。 第二节 5l.A【解析】tree树；animal动物；rule规则；flower 花。根据“These trees were strong”可知，此处指 西山上有很多树。故选A。 52.D【解析】small小的；poor差的；short短的； healthy健康的。下文提到红山砍树当柴火，再 结合“These trees were strong'”可知，树不仅强壮 而且健康。故选D。 53.B【解析】kick踢；work工作；cy哭；run跑。根 据语境可知，红山为了得到柴火需要努力工作去砍 树，work hard意为“努力工作”，符合语境。故选B。 54.C【解析】if如果；although尽管；so所以； because因为。前后分句存在因果关系，前因后 果。故选C。 55.A【解析】unluckily不幸地；finally最终； hopefully有希望地；certainly当然。下文提到庄 稼被冲走，红山没东西吃，由此可知，这是一件不 幸的事。故选A。 56.C【解析】everything一切；something某事（常用 于肯定句)；anything任何事（常用于否定句或疑 问句)；nothing没有东西。句中“didn't have”是 否定形式，后接anything,表示“没有任何东西”。 故选C。 57.B【解析】friend朋友；idea主意；arm手臂；rest 休息。下文提到，青山先把劣质的树砍掉，再种 下许多健康的树。由此可知，青山有主意解决这 个难题。故选B。 58.A【解析】feed饲养；watch观看；bite咬；kill杀 死。根据语境可知，青山不仅种庄稼，还饲养牛 和马。feed意为“饲养”。故选A。 59.D【解析】snow雪；storm暴风雨；fog雾；rain 雨。此处应填rain,和第二段的rain相呼应。故 选D。 60.B【解析】hate讨厌；praise称赞；laugh笑；find 发现。根据引用的俗语可知，人们是在称赞青山 的做法。故选B。 四、61.really62.has63.but64.is65.for 66.animals 67.them 68.dangerous 69.friendly 70.a 五、7l.This is Anna speaking/Anna speaking/. 72.What are you doing 73.How often do you use it/How often do you use the computer 74.But I can only use the computer at the weekend/... 75.Would you like to go with me/Do you want to join me/.. 六、One possible version: A Special Day for Me in Grade 7 I have a lot of great memories and there is a special day for me to remember.I'd love to share it with you. Last Sunday,we went on a school trip to a farm. When we arrived at the farm,we loved it immediately. First,the farmers taught us how to plant vegetables. Then,we tried milking cows.At first,I couldn't do it, but the farmer showed me the right way.At noon,we enjoyed a delicious lunch.The vegetables were so fresh,and the chicken soup tasted wonderful. This school trip was great.I learnt a lot about farming and I realized "Every grain comes from hard work".I'm looking forward to more trips like this! 听力材料 第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个 小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答 案。每段对话读两遍。 1.W:It's so cold today. M:Yes,it's snowing heavily. 2.W:Mike,how often do you visit your grandparents? M:Twice a week.I like to spend time with them. 3.W:I heard that you moved from the city to the countryside last year. M:Yes,I wanted to live near my office. 4.M:Li Mei,what do Chinese people usually do on the Dragon Boat Festival? W:We often watch dragon boat races and make zongzi.And watching races is my favourite. 5.W:It's time for bed.Let's turn off the TV. M:Ten more minutes please,Mum.The match will finish soon. W:All right. 第二节听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话 或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 M:Hello,Sally. W:Hi,Bob. M:What are you doing now? W:I'm watching TV,but it's kind of boring. M:Why don't you go to the cinema with me? W:That sounds good.Wait for me.I'm coming. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 W:Here's a dumpling restaurant!Let's order some dumplings M:OK.What kind of dumplings would you like? W:Beef and onion.It's just 4 yuan for 10 dumplings. M:I don't like onions. W:How about mutton and cabbage?It's just 3 yuan for 10 dumplings M:That's great!I would like 10 of them. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 W:Morning,Dale.Did you have a trip this year? M:Yes.I went to the countryside. W:When did you go there? M:In March. W:Did you have a good time in the countryside? M:Of course.Paula,Rick and Ken went there with me.We had so much fun W:Where did you stay?In a hotel? M:No.We lived in a farmer's house in the countryside. W:How was the weather there during your stay? M:It was sunny but a little cold. W:Sounds like you had a great trip. 听下面一段独白，回答第13至第15三个小题。 Mike is a fourteen-year-old student.He lives in Paris.Mike wants to visit his uncle Edward in China this May.He is interested in Chinese culture,so he borrowed some books from the school library.He finished reading Journey to the West,The Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Outlaws of the Marsh last week.He likes Journey to the West best.He thinks the story is so exciting and the Monkey King is very clever.After he arrives in China,he wants to read more Chinese stories. 第三节听下面一篇短文。请根据你所听到 的内容，填写表格中所缺单词，每空限填一词。短 文读两遍。 My name is Kate.I am a student in No.5 Middle School.Now let me tell you some rules in our school. We have to get to school before eight o'clock in the morning.We have to wear the school uniforms on weekdays.We must be quiet in the library.After school,we need to clean the classroom.We can't bring music players to school.We can't wear hats in class. We must eat in the dining hall,and we can't eat in the classroom 期末抢分优选卷-生物-诊断卷 1.B【解析】种子萌发的环境条件为适量的水、适 宜的温度和充足的空气。“坎三升水”的目的是 给种子提供适量的水。故选B。 2.B【解析】图中①幼叶发育成叶；②芽轴发育成 茎；③芽原基发育成芽。因此发育成芽和叶的结 构分别是③芽原基和①幼叶。故选B。 3.A【解析】花药能产生花粉，由图可以看出，花生 模拟的是花药，花药里面有花粉。故选A。 4.C 5.c 总结提升 导管与筛管的比较 项目 导管 筛管 长，中空的管 特点 活细胞 道，死细胞 主要运输物质 水和无机盐 有机物 运输方向 自下而上 自上而下 6.A 7.D【解析】乙瓶中菠菜叶圆片细胞已死亡，无法 进行呼吸作用，因此不会产生二氧化碳。BTB水 溶液颜色变化与二氧化碳浓度相关，乙组中溶液 为蓝色，而甲中菠菜叶圆片因呼吸作用产生二 氧化碳，甲组中BTB水溶液会由蓝变绿再变黄。 故选D。 8.B【解析】绿色植物进行蒸腾作用增加大气的湿 度，增加降水，促进了生物圈的水循环。故选B。