专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，陕西专用）七年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读，涵盖健康运动、环境保护、中华文化等主题，精选陕西多地七年级下期末真题，注重语言能力与文化意识培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|50题|细节理解（如“couch potato”定义）、推理判断（文章来源）、主旨大意（段落核心）、词义猜测（“harmful”含义）|以“健康饮食建议”“河流保护措施”等真实情境命题，结合“夏至吃凉面”“传统游戏”渗透文化传承，适配期末复习需求|

专题04 阅读理解之说明文 主题01 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 1．C 2．C 3．B Passage 2 4．B 5．C 6．B Passage 3 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D Passage 4 11．D 12．C 13．D Passage 5 14．C 15．D 16．A Passage 6 17．C 18．A 19．D 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．C Passage 2 24．C 25．B 26．C 主题03 人与社会——景点建筑 Passage 1 27．B 28．D 29．B Passage 2 30．A 31．D 32．C 主题04 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 33．B 34．A 35．B Passage 2 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D Passage 3 40．B 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 主题05 人与自然——常见动物 Passage 1 45．B 46．D 47．C Passage 2 48．C 49．D 50．B 主题01 人与自然——科普知识 Passage 1 1．B 2．B 3．C Passage 2 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D Passage 3 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．B Passage 4 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A Passage 5 16．C 17．A 18．B 主题02 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 19．D 20．A 21．B Passage 2 22．A 23．B 24．B Passage 3 25．B 26．D 27．C Passage 4 28．C 29．B 30．C 31．D Passage 5 32．C 33．D 34．A 主题03 人与社会——文化差异 Passage 1 35．B 36．D 37．C Passage 2 38．D 39．D 40．A 41．B Passage 3 42．B 43．C 44．B 主题04 人与自然——科学技术 Passage 1 45．C 46．B 47．A 48．B / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解之说明文 主题01 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） What do you usually do when you are free? Do you often lie in the sofa, eat snacks and watch TV? If you do like this, you are a “couch potato”. It means you spends too much time sitting on the sofa watching TV, playing video games, or using phones. Unluckily, more and more teenagers live this kind of life. Scientists say that sitting for hours can lead to weight gain (导致体重增长) and have a pain in the back (后背疼痛). It can also cause (造成) eye problems. If people stare at (盯着) screens for a long time, their eyes will feel dry and tired. Teenagers always stay at home and they seldom go outside. They often talk less to their family and friends. They may have trouble in communicative skills and become ill in minds. Parents and experts try to help children avoid forming (形成) this kind of lifestyle (生活方式). They should set time limits (设定时间限制). Teenagers can only watch TV or play computer games for one hour a day. Move your body, dance, play basketball for thirty minutes a day. Try some interests, such as reading books, drawing pictures or learning cooking. Remember, your body is like a bike—it works best when you use it often! 1．A “couch potato” usually ________ at home. A．cook meals B．exercise every day C．watch TV for hours D．read books 2．Which problem is NOT mentioned in the text? A．Back pain. B．Dry eyes. C．Broken bones. D．Weight gain. 3．What is the main idea of the passage? A．TV programs are fun. B．Sitting too much harms (危害) health. C．Phones are useless. D．Everyone should become a couch potato. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“沙发土豆”的含义、久坐带来的各种健康及社交心理问题，并给出了相应的改善建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“It means you spends too much time sitting on the sofa watching TV, playing video games, or using phones.”可知，“沙发土豆”通常在家看数小时电视，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Scientists say that sitting for hours can lead to weight gain and have a pain in the back. It can also cause eye problems. If people stare at screens for a long time, their eyes will feel dry and tired.”可知，文中提到了体重增长、后背疼痛和眼睛干涩，未提及骨折，故选C。 3．主旨大意题。文章先介绍“沙发土豆”的含义，再说明久坐对健康的危害，最后给出改善建议，核心是讲久坐危害健康，故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） Eating healthily is very important for everyone, especially for students. A good diet (饮食) helps us stay strong, focused, and full of energy. Here are some tips for healthy eating: Don’t Skip (跳过) Breakfast Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It gives you energy to start your day. A healthy breakfast could be oatmeal (燕麦粥) with fruit or whole-grain bread with eggs. A Little Junk Food Junk food, such as chips, candy, and fast food, is high in sugar, salt, and unhealthy fat. Eating too much junk food can lead to health problems like overweight and toothache. It’s okay to have a little sometimes, but don’t have it often. Eat Many Kinds of Foods Our bodies need different kinds of nutrients (营养), so it’s important to eat different foods. For example, you can have an apple, a sandwich with chicken, and a glass of milk for lunch. 4．How many tips for healthy eating are there in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 5．What’s the writer’s idea about junk food? A．Fast food isn’t high in unhealthy fat. B．A little junk food is good for health. C．Too much junk food may cause overweight. D．It’s OK to have too much junk food. 6．The passage is most probably from ________ . A．a storybook B．a health magazine C．a math book D．a sports magazine 【答案】4．B 5．C 6．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三条如何健康饮食的建议。 4．细节理解题。根据文章内容，明确提到了三条健康饮食的建议：Don’t Skip Breakfast, A Little Junk Food, Eat Many Kinds of Foods。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“Eating too much junk food can lead to health problems like overweight and toothache.”可知，作者认为过量食用垃圾食品会导致健康问题，如超重。故选C。 6．推理判断题。文章主要围绕健康饮食展开，提供科学建议，符合健康类杂志的定位。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） Many people like sugar. Do you know where we get sugar from? Most of our sugar comes from two plants: sugar cane (甘蔗) and sugar beets (甜菜). Sugar cane is a tall plant. It grows in hot places. However, sugar beets grow in cool places. Is sugar nice or harmful? It’s difficult to say. In some traditional ways, sugar is useful for our bodies and makes us strong. But eating too much sugar isn’t good for our teeth. It can hurt our teeth and make us fat. Being fat can bring us many health problems. So if you like sugar, it’s important to eat it in a right way. Make sure not to eat too much. A little sugar is fine and can give you some power. You can eat lots of healthy food like fruits and vegetables, take lots of exercise and make your teeth clean every day! To keep healthy, we should remember: a little sugar goes a long way! 7．What do we know about sugar beets? A．They grow in cool places. B．They are a kind of tall plant. C．They look like sugar cane. D．They grow in hot places. 8．The underlined word “harmful” in Paragraph 2 means “________” A．enough B．difficult C．bad D．boring 9．Having too much sugar can ________. A．make us feel thirsty B．be good for health C．cause health problems D．make our teeth strong 10．What is the best title of the passage? A．How to make sugar B．The taste of sugar C．The history of sugar D．Sugar and our health 【答案】7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了糖的来源，包括甘蔗和甜菜，探讨了糖对人体的影响，指出适量食用糖有益，过量则有害健康，并给出了保持健康的建议。 7．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, sugar beets grow in cool places.”可知，甜菜生长在凉爽的地方。故选A。 8．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Is sugar nice or harmful? It’s difficult to say.”以及后文“But eating too much sugar isn’t good for our teeth. It can hurt our teeth and make us fat.”可知，吃太多糖不好，所以“harmful”在此处意为“有害的”，与“bad”意思相近。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But eating too much sugar isn’t good for our teeth. It can hurt our teeth and make us fat. Being fat can bring us many health problems.”可知，吃太多糖会伤害牙齿，使人变胖，并带来许多健康问题。故选C。 10．最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讨论了糖的来源以及糖对人体健康的影响，包括适量食用糖的好处和过量食用糖的危害，并给出了保持健康的建议。因此，D选项“Sugar and our health（糖与我们的健康）”最符合文章主旨。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·陕西汉中·期末） We know exercise is important in our life. Everyone needs to exercise. Doctors say doing sports is good for us. Sports can make our body strong. It’s also very useful for children. If children often do sports, they can be stronger and taller. There are easy ways to exercise. You can walk, run or only jump. When you do exercise, you need to know what you are doing. Don’t do sports too much at a time. Try all kinds of sports and look for one, two or even three sports you like. You can also exercise at the gym because there are different kinds of fitness equipment (健身器材). Exercise can be fun. It can make you happy. Friends can exercise together at a gym or they can do sports together at any place they like. As you can see, you can try different ways to do exercise. Just do it! 11．Doing sports is good for children because it can ________ according to Paragraph 1. A．make them clever B．make them know what they are doing C．help them study better D．make them strong and tall 12．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Try one kind of sport is enough. B．Sport is only good for children. C．Exercise can make us be happy. D．We should do a lot of sports at a time. 13．What’s the main idea (主旨) of this passage? A．Exercise is interesting. B．Exercise can help us live longer. C．There are many places for exercise. D．We should try different ways to do exercise. 【答案】11．D 12．C 13．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了运动的重要性、运动的好处以及如何通过多种方式进行运动。 11．细节理解题。根据“If children often do sports, they can be stronger and taller.”可知，运动对儿童的好处是让他们更强壮和更高。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据“Exercise can be fun. It can make you happy.”可知，运动能让我们快乐。故选C。 13．主旨大意题。根据“As you can see, you can try different ways to do exercise. Just do it!”可知，本文建议我们应该尝试不同的方式来做运动。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） Lots of people keep healthy by playing sport, but some people are too busy to do sports. If you want to look for another way to exercise, walking is a good one. Walking is easy. There are no rules. You can start walking at any time you like. Walking is cheap. You don’t need to spend money on clothes or other things. Remember to wear a pair of sports shoes. Walking works in diverse weather. When it’s raining, take an umbrella. When it’s sunny, wear sunglasses. When it’s cold, walking can help you keep warm. What’s more, walking in the snow is great fun! Walking is relaxing. It’s a good idea to walk with a friend. You can talk about something interesting when taking a walk. If you walk alone, listen to some music, make plans for your day or just enjoy the fresh air on your way. Walking is good for your health in many ways. Why not start walking now? 14．The underlined word “diverse” means “_______” in the passage. A．same B．warm C．different D．cold 15．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．There are some rules of walking. B．It’s not good to walk with others. C．Walking a long way can make you happy. D．Walking can help you keep warm in cold weather. 16．What’s the best title (标题) of the passage? A．A Good Way to Exercise B．A Good Way to Have Fun C．How to Make Walking Interesting D．The Ways to Keep Running 【答案】14．C 15．D 16．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了步行的好处。 14．词义猜测题。根据“When it’s raining, take an umbrella. When it’s sunny, wear sunglasses. When it’s cold, walking can help you keep warm”可知此处举例雨、晴、冷等天气都可以步行，所以步行适合不同的天气，划线部分意为“不同的”，和different意义相近。故选C。 15．细节理解题。根据“When it’s cold, walking can help you keep warm”可知天冷时步行能保暖。故选D。 16．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了步行的好处，以选项A“锻炼的一个好方法”为标题最合适。故选A。 Passage 6 （24-25七年级下·陕西安康·期末） Lots of people keep healthy by playing sport, but some people are too busy to do sports. If you want to look for another way to exercise, walking is a good one. ________ There are no rules. You can start walking at any time you like. Walking is cheap. You don’t need to spend money on clothes or other things. Remember to wear a pair of sports shoes. Walking is relaxing. It’s a good idea to walk with a friend. You can talk about something interesting when taking a walk. If you walk alone, listen to some music, make plans for your day or just enjoy the fresh air on your way. Walking works in all kinds of weather. When it’s raining, take an umbrella. When it’s sunny, wear sunglasses. When it’s cold, walking can help you keep warm. What’s more, walking in the snow is great fun! Walking is good for your health in many ways. Why not start walking now? 17．Which of the following can we put in the “________” in Paragraph 2? A．Walking is fast. B．Walking is important. C．Walking is easy. D．Walking is boring. 18．The underlined word “alone” means “________” in Chinese. A．独自地 B．谨慎地 C．灵敏地 D．礼貌地 19．What’s the best title (标题) of the passage? A．The ways to keep running. B．A good way to have fun. C．How to make walking interesting. D．Walking is a good way to exercise. 【答案】17．C 18．A 19．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了走路作为一种锻炼方式的好处，如容易开始、成本低、放松身心、适应各种天气以及对健康有益等。 17．推理判断题。根据“There are no rules. You can start walking at any time you like.”可知，走路没有规则，可以在任何你喜欢的时候开始走路，由此推知，走路很容易，没有限制和规则。故选C。 18．词句猜测题。根据“If you walk alone, listen to some music, make plans for your day or just enjoy the fresh air on your way.”可知，听听音乐、计划一下你的一天，或者只是享受路上的新鲜空气，这都是一个人走路时可以做的事情，所以划线词意为“独自地”。故选A。 19．最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了走路作为一种锻炼方式的好处，如容易开始、成本低、放松身心、适应各种天气以及对健康有益等。因此，D项“走路是一种很好的锻炼方式”最能概括文章的主旨。故选D。 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） Rivers are important to us, so we should protect them. The Chinese work hard and hold many activities to protect rivers in recent years. Schools introduce the importance of protecting rivers to students. They also organize (组织) students to plant trees along rivers. Communities (社区) hold activities for the protection, too. They organize people to clean up waste in rivers. They want to help the rivers get clean and clear again. That helps to solve some of the water pollution problems. The government (政府) also does some things. It makes different laws to protect rivers. In 2022, it passed Yellow River Protection Law. It also sets up many special days to protect rivers, such as Mother River Protection Day and China Water Week. All the Chinese make efforts all the time, not just on the special days. Miracles (奇迹) keep happening because of their work. To protect rivers, everybody counts. We are sure to make a big difference to rivers. 20．What do students do to protect rivers according to the passage? A．Plant trees. B．Use less water. C．Collect flowers. D．Make laws. 21．How do communities help solve the water pollution problems? A．By making different laws. B．By repairing broken taps. C．By cleaning up waste in rivers. D．By stopping people from throwing waste into rivers. 22．The underlined word “efforts” means “______” in the last paragraph. A．差异 B．努力 C．错误 D．能量 23．What’s the best title (标题) for the text? A．The Importance of Rivers B．Some Problems of Water Safety C．Activities to Protect Rivers in China D．Some Special Days About Protecting Rivers 【答案】20．A 21．C 22．B 23．C 【导语】本文讲述了河流对我们很重要，这些年中国人（学校、社区、政府等）通过开展多种活动来保护河流，全体中国人一直在努力，相信会对河流保护产生积极影响。 20．细节理解题。根据“Schools introduce the importance of protecting rivers to students. They also organize (组织) students to plant trees along rivers.”，可知学生通过沿河植树来保护河流，故选A。 21．细节理解题。根据“Communities (社区) hold activities for the protection, too. They organize people to clean up waste in rivers. They want to help the rivers get clean and clear again. That helps to solve some of the water pollution problems.”，可知社区通过组织人们清理河流里的垃圾来帮助解决水污染问题，故选C。 22．词句猜测题。根据“All the Chinese make efforts all the time, not just on the special days. Miracles (奇迹) keep happening because of their work.”，结合语境可知，中国人一直付出“努力”才让奇迹持续发生，所以“efforts”意思是“努力”，故选B。 23．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了中国学校、社区、政府等为保护河流开展的各类活动，选项C“保护中国河流的活动”能概括文意，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） Students in Miss Li’s class make a survey about wasting water at home. Here are the results. 24．The survey is about ______ . A．saving water at home B．water cycle (循环) on the earth C．wasting water at home D．using water at school 25．How many students use hoses to water flowers in this survey? A．2. B．5. C．10. D．12. 26．In which activity do most of the students waste water? A．Keeping water running while brushing teeth. B．Using washing machines to wash a few clothes. C．Having a long bath. D．Using hoses to water flowers. 【答案】24．C 25．B 26．C 【导语】本文是一篇关于李老师班级学生进行的家庭浪费水情况调查结果的图表。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Students in Miss Li’s class make a survey about wasting water at home.”可知，这个调查是关于在家浪费水的情况。故选C。 25．细节理解题。从图表中可以直接看到“Using hoses (塑料管) to water flowers”对应的数值是5，即有5名学生使用软管浇花。故选B。 26．推理判断题。对比图表中各项活动对应的数值，“Having a long bath”对应的数值是17，是所有活动中数值最大的，说明在长时间洗澡这个活动中，浪费水的学生最多。故选C。 主题03 人与社会——景点建筑 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） Langshan Mountain, lying in Xinning County, is about 500 kilometers away from Changsha. It is one of China’s National Geological Parks and is famous for its special Danxia landform. Covering an area of 108 square kilometers, Langshan Mountain has rich natural scenery and lots of tourism resources. There are many beautiful places in Langshan Mountain. The most famous places are Tianyi Lane (天一巷), Chili Peak (辣椒峰) and Bajiao Stronghold (八角寨). On August 2nd, 2010, Langshan Mountain was recorded in the world heritage list (世界遗产名录) and became China’s eighth world natural heritage. If you would like to visit Langshan Mountain, you can take a bus from Shaoyang South Station to Xinning County. It will take you about 2 hours and the price of the bus ticket is 54 yuan each adult. Then you can take a taxi to Langshan Mountain. The best time to visit Langshan Mountain is from March to October. 27．Langshan Mountain lies in ______. A．Xinshao County B．Xinning County C．Longhui County D．Xinyang County 28．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Langshan Mountain is about 100 kilometers away from Changsha. B．Langshan Mountain was recorded in the world heritage list in 2011. C．It will take about 2 hours to walk from Shaoyang South Station to Xinning County. D．Langshan Mountain has rich natural scenery and many tourism resources. 29．What’s the best time to visit Langshan Mountain? A．In December. B．In May. C．In February. D．In January. 【答案】27．B 28．D 29．B 【导语】本文讲述了崀山的地理位置（位于新宁县，距长沙约500公里）、它是国家地质公园及以丹霞地貌闻名，还介绍了其面积、丰富的自然风光和旅游资源，著名景点，2010年列入世界遗产名录成为中国第八个世界自然遗产，以及前往游览的交通方式和最佳时间（3月~10月）。 27．细节理解题。根据“Langshan Mountain, lying in Xinning County, is about 500 kilometers away from Changsha.”，可知崀山位于新宁县，故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据“Covering an area of 108 square kilometers, Langshan Mountain has rich natural scenery and lots of tourism resources.”，可知崀山有丰富的自然风光和众多旅游资源，故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据“The best time to visit Langshan Mountain is from March to October.”，可知五月在3~10月这个区间内，是游览崀山的最佳时间，故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） How much money do you need to visit Shaanxi? Let’s find out! ★Big Wild Goose Pagoda (大雁塔) Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a famous place in Shaanxi. One ticket (票) to visit it costs 50 yuan. And it costs another 30 yuan to climb up the tower. ★Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑) The Terracotta Warriors are a famous attraction in Shaanxi, too. One ticket costs 120 yuan. But you can spend less money if you have a student ID card. It usually gets very busy during the day. Make sure you go early! ★Huashan Mountain If you are interested in hiking, you might want to visit Huashan Mountain. How much is it to climb the mountain? One ticket is 160 yuan. And you must be very careful when you are hiking. 30．How much is one ticket to visit Big Wild Goose Pagoda? A．50 yuan. B．30 yuan. C．160 yuan. D．120 yuan. 31．The writer thinks that people should visit the Terracotta Warriors ________. A．in the afternoon B．late C．at any time of the day D．early 32．How many places in Shaanxi does the text mention (提到)? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two. 【答案】30．A 31．D 32．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了陕西三个著名景点的门票价格及游览建议（大雁塔、兵马俑、华山）。 30．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“One ticket to visit it costs 50 yuan.”可知，门票价格为50元。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“It usually gets very busy during the day. Make sure you go early!”可知，作者建议游客尽早参观兵马俑。故选D。 32．细节理解题。全文共提到三个景点：Big Wild Goose Pagoda、Terracotta Warriors、Huashan Mountain。故选C。 主题04 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西汉中·期末） The Summer Solstice (夏至) is the tenth solar term (节气) in China. It is usually on June 21 or June 22 every year. It has the longest day and the shortest night of the year. The hot days of summer come after the day of the Summer Solstice. For the Summer Solstice, there is a tradition (传统) to have cold noodles. It has a long history. We can read about the tradition in many old books. As time goes by, the Chinese people still have this tradition, but they have different ways of cooking and different sauces (酱) now. Why do people eat cold noodles? In hot summer, there’s nothing better than a bowl of cold food for dinner. And around the Summer Solstice, it’s time for people to get in the wheat (小麦) they grew. People use wheat to make noodles. Noodles are the longest food in China. And people see the longest day of the year on the Summer Solstice. Around the Summer Solstice, people also like to have other food, such as green vegetables and fruit. For example, the lychee (荔枝) is a nice fruit to have. As the old Chinese saying goes, “One lychee on the Summer Solstice keeps the bad luck at bay.” 33．When is the Summer Solstice? A．On June 21 and June 22. B．On June 21 or June 22. C．On July 21 and July 22. D．On July 21 or July 22. 34．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A．Having cold noodles. B．Reading books. C．Cooking noodles in different ways. D．Growing wheat. 35．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．How people make cold noodles. B．Why people eat cold noodles on the Summer Solstice. C．When people grow wheat. D．Where people eat cold noodles on the Summer Solstice. 【答案】33．B 34．A 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国的第十个节气——夏至的时间以及人们在这一天的饮食传统。 33．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“It is usually on June 21 or June 22 every year.”可知，时间为6月21日或6月22日。故选B。 34．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“For the Summer Solstice, there is a tradition to have cold noodles.”可知，划线单词所在的句子承接上文，因此指代的是吃凉面的传统。故选A。 35．段落大意题。根据文章第三段中“Why do people eat cold noodles?”可知，本段解释了在夏至吃凉面的原因。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西榆林·期末） Chinese people don’t just love cooking delicious vegetable dishes. They also love growing (种植) vegetables. Chinese people grew vegetables in their gardens many years ago. Now, they also grow vegetables in the Antarctic, and even in space! Here is the reason. China is so big and it’s good for growing vegetables. Many places have the sunlight, soil (土壤) and water that vegetables need. Most of today’s vegetables were once wild. Chinese people started to eat and grow them quite early. The Book of Songs (《诗经》), a book about 2,500 years ago, said something about vegetables. Chinese people were also open to vegetables from other countries. Potatoes, peppers and tomatoes were all from other places. But Chinese people grew them and made them popular in China. In the old times, the poet Tao Yuanming lived in the countryside and did farm work. This included (包括) growing vegetables. He loved this peaceful life. Now planting vegetables is a good way to get away from the busy city life. 36．What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A．Chinese people love growing vegetables. B．People grow vegetables only in the gardens. C．Chinese people don’t like cooking vegetables. D．Chinese people only love eating vegetables. 37．Why is China a good place for growing vegetables? A．Because there are more people in China. B．Because China is a country with a long history. C．Because there’s much soil, sunlight and water in China. D．Because Chinese people do well in growing vegetables. 38．The underlined word “peaceful” in Paragraph 4 means “________” in Chinese. A．有用的 B．宁静的 C．奇怪的 D．重要的 39．What’s the best title of this passage? A．The names of different vegetables B．Eating vegetables in China C．The ways to plant vegetables D．Planting vegetables in China 【答案】36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国人不仅喜爱烹饪美味的蔬菜菜肴，还热衷于种植蔬菜。从古代在自家花园种植，到如今在南极甚至太空种植，都体现了中国人对蔬菜种植的热爱。文章还介绍了中国适宜种植蔬菜的原因、蔬菜的历史以及种植蔬菜对现代人的意义。 36．推理判断题。根据第一段“Chinese people don’t just love cooking delicious vegetable dishes. They also love growing (种植) vegetables.”可知，第一段主要讲述了中国人不仅喜欢烹饪美味的蔬菜菜肴，还喜欢种植蔬菜，重点强调了中国人对种植蔬菜的喜爱。故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据第二段“China is so big and it’s good for growing vegetables. Many places have the sunlight, soil (土壤) and water that vegetables need.”可知，中国幅员辽阔，许多地方都有蔬菜生长所需的阳光、土壤和水，所以是中国适宜种植蔬菜的原因。故选C。 38．词句猜测题。根据第四段“In the old times, the poet Tao Yuanming lived in the countryside and did farm work. This included (包括) growing vegetables. He loved this peaceful life.”可知，陶渊明生活在乡下，从事农活，包括种植蔬菜，他喜欢这种生活，结合常识可知，乡下生活是宁静的，所以“peaceful”意为“宁静的”。故选B。 39．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要围绕中国人对蔬菜种植的热爱展开，介绍了中国适宜种植蔬菜的原因、蔬菜的历史以及种植蔬菜对现代人的意义等，所以最佳标题为“Planting vegetables in China”（在中国种植蔬菜）。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·陕西商洛·期末） In ancient China, children didn’t have smart phones, iPads or computers to enjoy themselves. How did they do sports to have fun? Playing hide-and-seekIt’s a traditional game for children. There are two ways to play it. One child covers his eyes while other kids run around to make fun of him. The other way is other children hide and one child tries to find them. Flying kitesKites have quite a long history. A long time ago, people used wood to make kites. The three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each kind looks beautiful in its own way, for example, the bird-shaped kite with long wings (翅膀) of the Beijing kite. Playing stone ballsIn the Qing Dynasty, kicking (踢) a stone ball around was a popular game in the northern part of China, and children often played it in winter to keep warm. 40．According to the text, how many ways did the kids have to play hide-and-seek? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4. 41．People used ________ to make kites a long time ago. A．wood B．paper C．bamboo D．cloth 42．In ________, ancient Chinese kids often kicked the stone balls. A．summer B．autumn C．winter D．spring 43．What kind of activity was popular in the north of China in the Qing Dynasty? A．Playing hide-and-seek. B．Playing stone balls. C．Flying kites. D．Swimming in rivers. 44．Where can we probably read this text? A．In a food magazine. B．In a travel magazine. C．In an art magazine. D．In a sports magazine. 【答案】40．B 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 【导语】本文主要介绍古代中国孩子们进行的三项体育活动。 40．细节理解题。根据“There are two ways to play it.”可知，捉迷藏有两种玩法。故选B。 41．细节理解题。根据“A long time ago, people used wood to make kites.”可知，很久以前，人们用木材来制作风筝。故选A。 42．细节理解题。根据“and children often played it in winter to keep warm”可知，孩子们常在冬天玩踢石球来取暖，故选C。 43．细节理解题。根据“In the Qing Dynasty, kicking (踢) a stone ball around was a popular game in the northern part of China”可知，在清朝时期，踢石球是一项在中国北方地区广受欢迎的运动。故选B。 44．推理判断题。本文主要介绍古代中国孩子们进行的三项体育活动，所以推测可能在运动杂志上看到这篇文章。故选D。 主题05 人与自然——常见动物 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西延安·期末） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 What do gorillas look like? Gorillas are large animals. They have black hair. Usually, they walk on four legs. When gorillas stand on two legs, they can be up to 1.75m tall. Gorillas are big, but they are very shy. What do gorillas eat? Gorillas eat fruits and plants. They spend a lot of their day eating. Gorillas can eat up to 25kg of food a day! Baby gorillas At birth, a gorilla is very small. But it gets bigger quickly. A mother carries a baby gorilla to get around. The baby gorilla learns to walk at five or six months old. At first, a baby gorilla drinks mother’s milk. Then the mother teaches it to eat fruits and plants. Where do gorillas live? Gorillas live in central and eastern Africa. They live in the mountains of Africa. Their home is the forest. Gorilla families live in small groups. Today there are only about 12,5000 gorillas around the world. People cut down many trees for farming or housing so gorillas are losing their homes. People also kill gorillas for their meat. We must save the trees and their homes! 45．What do gorillas look like? A．Gorillas have black hair with two legs. B．Gorillas are very large and shy. C．Gorillas usually stand on two legs. D．Gorillas are the tallest animals. 46．Which of the following is TRUE? A．A gorilla eats a little food every day. B．Baby gorillas can walk at four months old. C．Gorilla families live in big groups. D．Gorillas are in great danger these days. 47．We may read the passage in the ______ column (专栏) of a newspaper. A．Story Time B．Trip Guides C．Animal World D．Nature Photos 【答案】45．B 46．D 47．C 【导语】本文介绍了大猩猩的外貌、饮食、幼崽情况、栖息地以及如今的现状。 45．细节理解题。根据“Gorillas are big, but they are very shy.”可知，大猩猩体型大，但是它们很害羞。故选B。 46．推理判断题。根据“Today there are only about 12,5000 gorillas around the world. People cut down many trees for farming or housing so gorillas are losing their homes.”可知，大猩猩因为人类活动而处于危险中，故选D。 47．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了大猩猩的外貌、饮食、幼崽情况、栖息地以及如今的现状，因此可以在报纸的“动物世界”专栏看到这篇文章。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西延安·期末） Hello! My name is Carlos, and I live in Brazil. Let me tell you about my favorite animal—the capybara (水豚)! Capybaras are truly special. They have short legs, small ears, and thick (厚的) brown fur. They look different from other animals. Capybaras live near rivers and lakes in the forest. They’re great swimmers. They can stay underwater for up to five minutes! Capybaras live in big groups and take care of one another. Capybaras are the world’s largest rodents (啮齿动物). But they’re not scary at all. In fact, they’re very friendly. They are friends with other animals. You can often see birds standing on their backs. They also like to play with monkeys! Sadly, capybaras are in danger. People cut down forests. So capybaras are losing their homes. Some people even kill capybaras for their meat and fur. We should save the capybaras! We need to protect their homes and be kind to them. Every capybara is important! 48．Where do capybaras live? A．In the city. B．On the farm. C．Near rivers and lakes in the forest. D．In the sea. 49．According to the passage, capybaras are in danger because ________. ①the climate is becoming warm ②many animals eat them ③people cut down trees so capybaras are losing homes ④people kill capybaras for their meat and fur A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．③④ 50．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Capybaras have long legs, small ears, and thick brown fur. B．Capybaras live in big groups and take care of one another. C．Capybaras are the world’s smallest rodents. D．Capybaras are very scary and unfriendly. 【答案】48．C 49．D 50．B 【导语】本文介绍了水豚的外形、习性、友好特点以及其面临的生存危机并呼吁保护它们。 48．细节理解题。根据“Capybaras live near rivers and lakes in the forest.”可知，水豚生活在森林里的河湖附近，故选C。 49．细节理解题。根据“People cut down forests. So capybaras are losing their homes. Some people even kill capybaras for their meat and fur.”可知，水豚的威胁主要来自森林被砍伐和人们为了食用或获取毛皮而捕杀，故选③④，故选D。 50．细节理解题。根据“Capybaras live in big groups and take care of one another.”可知，水豚群居，互相照顾。故选B。 主题01 人与自然——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） Water Facts Water is very important to us. Nearly three quarters of our body is water. 30% to 40% is muscle (肌肉). Every day our body needs one and a half litres (升) of water. We lose water when we breathe and go to the toilet. But we can live only for a few days without water. —Betty Most food has some water in it. Even bread has water in it. Fruit and vegetables have a lot of water in them, so we should eat plenty of fruit and vegetables every day. For example, oranges, watermelons, apples, cucumbers and lettuce (生菜). —Ivy We use a lot of water at home. We use 70 litres when we have a bath (盆浴) and 100 litres when we use the washing machine each time. What a lot of water! We can help save water at home by taking showers (淋浴) instead of baths. We shouldn’t use the washing machine if we only have a few articles of clothing (几件衣服). —Tommy When the water in a pond (池塘) freezes (结冰), it freezes at the top and doesn’t freeze at the bottom. This is because cold air can’t get through the frozen sheet of ice. The water under this sheet of ice is warm enough for the fish and plants in the pond to go on living. —Billy 1．What is nearly three quarters of our body? A．Food. B．Water. C．Bones. D．Muscle. 2．What can we do to save water? A．Take a bath. B．Wash a few articles of clothing by hand. C．Wash clothes by washing machines. D．Take a bath quickly. 3．Why can the fish and plants under the sheet of ice in the pond live? A．Because the water is cold enough. B．Because they’re strong. C．Because the water there is warm enough. D．Because they’re big. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文通过四个人的叙述，分别介绍了水对人体的重要性、食物中的水分、家庭节水方法以及池塘结冰时水下生物存活的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“Water is very important to us. Nearly three quarters of our body is water.”可知，人体近四分之三是水。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“We shouldn’t use the washing machine if we only have a few articles of clothing (几件衣服).”可知，为了节约用水，应该手洗少量衣物而不是使用洗衣机。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The water under this sheet of ice is warm enough for the fish and plants in the pond to go on living.”可知，池塘冰层下的水足够温暖，鱼和植物可以继续生存。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） Electricity is all around us. It’s in the computer you are using, it’s in the ground under your feet, and it’s in your body. And you can’t live without electricity. Without electricity, you wouldn’t be reading this article right now. It’s not because it’s not bright enough without electricity. It’s because your brain wouldn’t work. Every move of your body needs the help of electricity. The nervous system (神经系统) sends electrical signals (信号) to your brain first, and then your brain sends them to your body. These signals don’t flow along a wire. They jump from one cell (细胞) to the next until they get to their final place. With so much electricity jumping around, it may seem like the body is a great power station. You may wonder if you have enough power to turn on TV. Well, your body can just create little electricity. So stop dreaming. 4．Why can’t we read the passage without electricity? A．Because it’s dark. B．Because our brain wouldn’t work. C．Because we can’t see it. D．Because the words are not clear. 5．What sends electrical signals to our brains when we move? A．The nervous system. B．The bones. C．The body. D．The cells. 6．What can we learn about our bodies from the last paragraph? A．There are wires in them. B．Electricity flows slowly in them. C．They are like power stations. D．They have the power to turn on TV. 7．The passage is mainly about ________. A．how to save electricity B．electricity in the ground C．electricity under the feet D．electricity around us 【答案】4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 【导语】本文介绍了电无处不在，不仅存在于我们周围的事物中，人体也离不开电，身体的每一个动作都需要电的帮助，神经系统会发送电信号，人体就像一个发电站。 4． 细节理解题。根据“Without electricity, you wouldn’t be reading this article right now. It’s not because it’s not bright enough without electricity. It’s because your brain wouldn’t work.”可知，没电不能读文章是因大脑无法工作。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“Every move of your body needs the help of electricity. The nervous system (神经系统) sends electrical signals (信号) to your brain first”可知，身体移动时神经系统给大脑发信号。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据“With so much electricity jumping around, it may seem like the body is a great power station.”可知，身体像发电站。故选C。 7．主旨大意题。根据“Electricity is all around us.”以及文章内容可知，本文围绕电在我们周围包括电脑、大地、身体等展开，选项D“电在我们身边”符合题意。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） About 70% of our body is water. We can live with no water for only about three days. So you can see water is really important for us! In fact, water helps our bodies in many ways. First, water keeps us healthy. Like trees and flowers need water to grow, our bodies need water to work well. Next, water is like a cleaner for our bodies. It can dust off our bodies and keep us healthy. Did you know that water also helps us stay cool when we feel hot? Our bodies get hot when we play outside or run around. But drinking water cools us down and makes us feel good. It’s like a great drink on a hot day. Water is also good for our skin (皮肤). It keeps our skin soft. So, if we want nice skin, we can drink enough water. But how much water should we drink? For most of us, eight glasses of water every day may be OK. You see water is so good for us. So, remember to drink enough water every day to stay healthy! 8．The underlined phrase “dust off” means “________” in Paragraph 2. A．to make something strong B．to make something clean C．to make something dirty D．to make something fast 9．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Water makes up 60% of our body. B．We can live without water for a week. C．Water is not important for keeping our skin healthy. D．Drinking water helps us stay cool when we are hot. 10．How much water does the writer suggest most people should drink daily? A．3 glasses. B．5 glasses. C．8 glasses. D．10 glasses. 11．What is the best title (标题) for the text? A．How to Keep Healthy B．Water Is Important C．More Water, Better Skin D．Rules About Drinking Water 【答案】8．B 9．D 10．C 11．B 【导语】本文是说明文，阐述水对人体的重要作用及每日饮水建议，强调水的重要性。 8．词句猜测题。前文提到“water is like a cleaner for our bodies”可知，水就像我们身体的清洁剂，所以“It can dust off our bodies”里“dust off”结合语境应是“使……干净”的意思。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据文中第二段“Did you know that water also helps us stay cool when we feel hot? Our bodies get hot... But drinking water cools us down...”，说明喝水能在我们热的时候帮我们保持凉爽。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据文中第三段“For most of us, eight glasses of water every day may be OK.”可知，明确表明建议大多数人每天喝8杯水。故选C。 11．最佳标题题。文章开篇讲人体大部分是水，水很重要，接着讲水对身体的多种作用，最后讲喝水量建议，整体围绕水的重要性展开。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·陕西宝鸡·期末） Different weather makes people feel different. It influences (影响) health and feelings. In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have some health problems in this month. In the northeastern part of America, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People there have more health problems after the weather changes in February or March. Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy in cold days. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18℃, people feel more comfortable. Are you feeling sad, tired or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 12．From the passage we can know that people may be ill when ________. A．the weather is hot and wet B．the weather changes greatly C．the weather is warm D．the weather is always cold 13．The weather influences people’s ________. A．work B．health C．feelings D．Both B and C 14．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Thin people might feel tired in cold weather. B．Fat people may feel unhappy at about 18℃. C．Thin people might feel sad in cold weather. D．Fat people may feel happy in hot summer. 15．The passage most probably comes from ________. A．a newspaper B．an advertisement C．a novel D．a story book 【答案】12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了天气对人们健康和情绪的影响。 12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In the northeastern part of America, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People there have more health problems after the weather changes in February or March.”可知，在美国东北部，天气有时非常炎热，有时非常寒冷。人们在二月或三月天气变化后会出现更多的健康问题。由此可知，天气剧烈变化可能导致人们生病。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Different weather makes people feel different. It influences (影响) health and feelings.”可知，天气可以影响人们的健康和情绪。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy in cold days.”可知，对于瘦的人来说，在寒冷的日子里，他们可能会感到不开心。故选C。 15．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了不同的天气状况对人的健康和情绪的影响，属于科普知识类，最可能出现在报纸上。故选A。 Passage 5 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） Weather sayings help people understand nature. Let’s learn some fun ones! When cows lie down in a field, an old saying goes, “Cows lie down, rain is on the town.” Farmers believe cows can feel the air change before rain. Frogs also give signs. “Frogs croak (呱呱叫) more, rain is at the door” Frogs croak louder before rain. Next time you hear them, take an umbrella! On clear nights, people say, “Stars are bright, fine day in sight.” Bright stars mean sunny weather. People use this saying to plan hikes — they always watch the sky before going out. When gardeners see dew (露水)on grass, they remember, “Dew on the grass, rain won’t come to pass.” This means a dewy morning usually stays dry. Gardeners water plants early because they know rain isn’t coming. These sayings are like messages from nature. They show how people use observations (观察) to infer (推断)weather. Nature is always talking — if we know how to listen! 16．What can we infer from the saying “Frogs croak more, rain is at the door”? A．Frogs like to croak in the rain. B．Frogs croak a little when it’s wet. C．Frog croaks can help infer rainy weather. D．Rain makes frogs croak loudly. 17．Why do people check the stars before going hiking? A．Because bright stars mean sunny weather. B．Because they enjoy the night view. C．Because they don’t want to get lost. D．Because stars help them find the way. 18．What is this passage mainly about? A．The history of weather sayings in farming. B．Some interesting weather sayings. C．How animals act in different weather. D．Tips for planning outdoor activities. 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了几个有关天气的谚语。 16．推理判断题。根据“Frogs croak louder before rain. Next time you hear them, take an umbrella!”可以推断，青蛙呱呱叫可能预示着要下雨，故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“Bright stars mean sunny weather. People use this saying to plan hikes — they always watch the sky before going out.”可知，人们在远行前查看星星是因为明亮的星星意味着晴朗的天气，适宜远行，故选A。 18．主旨大意题。根据“Weather sayings help people understand nature. Let’s learn some fun ones!”及本文介绍的几个和天气相关的谚语，可知文章主要是关于有趣谚语的，故选B。 主题02 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） Fast walking is the exercise between walking and race walking (竞走). A study shows that fast walking becomes the most popular exercise in China and many people walk more than 5,000 steps a day. The results of the study are from WeChat users. About 37% of the people choose fast walking as their favourite exercise, over 23% choose running and more than 14% choose cycling. Fast walking and running are easy. They cost little and work well, so they are popular. And many people would rather (宁愿) do exercise in nature than (也不愿) go to gyms. It’s best to walk fast for at least 10 minutes at a time and walk up to 6,000 steps every day. The study also shows that people in Guiyang, Guizhou love sports most. On average (一般来说), everyone there walks 5,941 steps every day. It seems that people in places with better environment (环境) and air are more willing to (更愿意) do sport. 19．Many people in China walk more than ________ steps a day. A．6,000 B．5,941 C．6,491 D．5,000 20．About 37% of the Chinese people choose ________ as their favourite exercise. A．fast walking B．swimming C．riding D．playing volleyball 21．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．people live in big cities are more willing to do sport B．fast walking is not difficult, and it costs little and works well C．it’s bad for people to walk fast for more than 10 minutes at a time D．it’s good for people to do exercise in the gym 【答案】19．D 20．A 21．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了快走在中国成为最受欢迎的运动方式，并分析了其受欢迎的原因及相关研究数据。 19．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“many people walk more than 5,000 steps a day”可知，许多人每天走的步数超过5000步。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“About 37% of the people choose fast walking as their favourite exercise”可知，约37%的人选择快走作为最喜欢的运动。故选A。 21．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Fast walking and running are easy. They cost little and work well, so they are popular”可推知，作者认为快走简单、花费少且效果良好。选项B与此一致。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） Run to keep healthy ★Running is a kind of exercise friendly to almost everybody You don’t need to spend much money on the sport. All you need is comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes. ★The day to inspire (激励) people to run and keep healthy Global Running Day is on the first Wednesday of June every year. The first Global Running Day was on 3rd June, 2009. People from many countries celebrate (庆祝) it. ★Running is the most popular sport in China ★How to run in a right way If you are a beginner, you should start from walking or jogging. If you are an old hand, you can run three or four times each week. Remember to warm up (热身) before running. 22．What things do you need when you are running? A．Sports shoes. B．Expensive hats. C．Expensive clothes. D．Fashion sunglasses. 23．When was the Global Running Day in 2024? A． B． C． D． 24．If you are an experienced (有经验的) runner, how often can you run according to (根据) the advice in the passage? A．Once or twice a week. B．Three or four times a week. C．Five or six times a week. D．Every day. 【答案】22．A 23．B 24．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国最受欢迎的运动方式——跑步。 22．细节理解题。根据“You don’t need to spend much money on the sport. All you need is comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes.”跑步是不需要昂贵的衣服，只需要舒适的衣服和运动鞋。故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据“Global Running Day is on the first Wednesday of June every year.” 可知，2024年的全球跑步日是在六月的第一个星期三，即六月五日。故选B。 24．细节理解题。根据“If you are an old hand, you can run three or four times each week.”可知，如果是有经验的跑步者，每周可以跑步三到四次。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·陕西延安·期末） Having healthy eating habits is not only important to children but also important to their parents. When parents have unhealthy eating habits, their children usually do, too. After all, children eat the same way as their parents. When parents eat healthy food, the children will learn to enjoy it, too. Then they will develop (形成) good eating habits. However, some parents aren’t clear (清晰的) about what kind of food is healthy. So, for these parents, they should learn more about healthy food. The main food groups are these: fish and chicken, milk and juice, bread and rice, fruit and vegetables. The last group is fat and sugar. Doctors advise (建议) that parents should give their children the following healthier kinds of foods. They’re fish and chicken, milk and juice, bread and rice, fruit and vegetables. Knowing what to eat is very useful for people in life. We know that the food we eat affects (影响) us in different ways. For example, fruit and vegetables can keep people away from many different illnesses (疾病). We can change our eating habits now and enjoy a healthy life. 25．What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A．Parents. B．Children. C．Teachers. D．Doctors. 26．What do doctors advise parents to give their children? ①fish and chicken             ②milk and juice              ③bread and rice ④fruit and vegetables          ⑤fat and sugar A．①②③⑤ B．②③④⑤ C．①②④⑤ D．①②③④ 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Few people have good eating habits now. B．We will live longer (更久) if we just eat vegetables. C．Parents’ eating habits are important to their children. D．Healthy eating habits are not important. 【答案】25．B 26．D 27．C 【导语】本文主要讲述健康饮食习惯对孩子和家长都很重要，家长饮食习惯会影响孩子。 25．代词指代题。根据“When parents eat healthy food, the children will learn to enjoy it, too. Then they will develop (形成) good eating habits.”可知，当父母食用健康食品时，孩子们也会学会喜欢这些食物。这样一来，他们就会养成良好的饮食习惯。所以此处“they”指的是“孩子们”，故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据“Doctors advise (建议) that parents should give their children the following healthier kinds of foods. They’re fish and chicken, milk and juice, bread and rice, fruit and vegetables.”可知，医生建议家长们应为孩子提供以下更健康的食品种类：鱼和鸡肉、牛奶和果汁、面包和米饭、水果和蔬菜。故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据“When parents have unhealthy eating habits, their children usually do, too. After all, children eat the same way as their parents. When parents eat healthy food, the children will learn to enjoy it, too.”可知，父母的饮食习惯对他们的孩子有着重要的影响。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） When people think of healthy foods for eyes, the first thing that comes to mind is carrots. But there are also many other healthy foods for eyes. If you want to have healthy eyes, eat them. Kale (羽衣甘蓝) is a wonderful green vegetable that looks like a cabbage. If you eat kale often, you will still have healthy eyes when you are old. Vitamin A in kale can help you see clearly at night. Chicken is another great food for eyes. You can cook chicken in many ways. You can make chicken soup, gongbao chicken, chicken noodles and chicken salad. All of them are not only delicious but also good for your eyes. If you spend a lot of time on computers or often feel that your eyes are dry, eating some fish can be a good way to make your eyes feel good. You don't need to eat a lot each time. A little will be OK. All in all, there are many different kinds of foods that can be helpful in keeping your eyes healthy. 28．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By showing facts. D．By asking questions. 29．How many dishes made of chicken are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six 30．What’s the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1,...) A．①-②③④⑤ B．①②③-④-⑤ C．①-②③④-⑤ D．①-②③-④⑤ 31．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To talk about how to eat healthily. B．To show how to cook different dishes. C．To tell us the importance of protecting eyes. D．To tell us different foods that are good for eyes. 【答案】28．C 29．B 30．C 31．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了除胡萝卜外，羽衣甘蓝、鸡肉和鱼这三种也是对眼睛健康有益的食物。 28．推理判断题。根据“When people think of healthy foods for eyes, the first thing that comes to mind is carrots. But there are also many other healthy foods for eyes. If you want to have healthy eyes, eat them.”可知，本文通过展示事实开篇。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据“You can cook chicken in many ways. You can make chicken soup, gongbao chicken, chicken noodles and chicken salad.”可知，文中提到了四道用鸡肉做的菜肴。故选B。 30．篇章结构题。通读文章可知，文章第一段总领全文，提出生活中除了胡萝卜，还有其他对眼睛好的食物；第二、三、四段分别介绍了羽衣甘蓝、鸡肉和鱼肉；最后一段总结全文。为总一分一总结构。故选C。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了除胡萝卜外，羽衣甘蓝、鸡肉和鱼等食物也对眼睛健康有益。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25七年级下·陕西榆林·期末） Do you know that you can eat a “rainbow (彩虹)”? You can’t eat a rainbow in the sky, of course. You can make a healthy “rainbow” out of different colours of fruit and vegetables. A red apple can help keep your heart strong. Red berries (莓) can help keep you from getting ill. An orange carrot can help keep your eyes healthy. An orange is full of vitamins. If you have a cold, you can have some orange juice with breakfast in the morning. A banana can give you much energy. Yellow food can help keep your body healthy. When you go for a picnic or go hiking in the mountain, you cart take yellow fruit with you. What about fruit or vegetables in other colours? Green broccoli can keep your bones (骨头) strong. Blueberries can help you remember things. And purple grapes can help keep blood (血液) moving around your body. These fruit and vegetables are just part of the food “rainbow”. Eating a “rainbow” every day is a nice and colourful way to stay healthy. Let’s eat rainbow food every day! 32．Why does the writer ask a question at the start of the passage? A．To tell a story. B．To introduce the rainbow. C．To make us interested. D．To give an example. 33．If a student has poor eyesight (视力), what should he eat more? A．Blueberries. B．Grapes. C．Red apples. D．Orange carrots. 34．What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) in writing the passage? A．To ask us to eat rainbow food. B．To show how many kinds of rainbow food there are. C．To introduce the colours of rainbow food. D．To show us where to get rainbow food. 【答案】32．C 33．D 34．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同颜色果蔬组成的“彩虹”食物及其益处，呼吁每天食用。 32．推理判断题。根据“Do you know that you can eat a ‘rainbow (彩虹)’?”可知，这种提问方式是为了引起读者兴趣，让读者更愿意读下去。故选C。 33．细节理解题。根据“An orange carrot can help keep your eyes healthy.”可知，说明橙色胡萝卜对眼睛健康有益，所以视力不好的学生应该多吃橙色胡萝卜。故选D。 34．主旨大意题。文章介绍了不同颜色果蔬组成的“彩虹”食物及其益处，结合文章最后一段“Let’s eat rainbow food every day!”可知，作者呼吁大家吃“彩虹”食物。故选A。 主题03 人与社会——文化差异 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） When people talk about birthdays, they usually think of cakes, gifts and a happy song called Happy Birthday. In fact, there are many kinds of ways to celebrate birthdays. In China, some birthday children start the day by saying “Hi” to their parents. Some parents give their children toys as gifts. And the birthday children usually eat long noodles. It means the birthday child has a long life. In Canada, children put butter (黄油) on their noses on their birthdays. The butter keeps children away from bad luck. In Ireland, people lift (举起) birthday children upside down. In the USA and Britain, the family make a big birthday cake. There are candles on the cake. One candle is for one year. In Spain, people pull (拉) the birthday child’s ear to wish him or her a happy birthday. If he or she is thirty, his or her friends and family pull his or her ear thirty times, once for each year. It’s very interesting. In some other countries, the birthday child sits on a special chair. All the people lift the chair up and down. If the birthday child is eight years old, they will lift the chair eight times. Different countries have different ways to celebrate birthdays. But you can celebrate your birthday in your own way. 35．________ countries are mentioned (提到) in the text. A．Five B．Six C．Seven D．Eight 36．Why do children put butter on their noses on their birthdays in Canada? A．Because it is very interesting. B．Because it means the birthday child has a long life. C．Because it is a way to eat butter. D．Because it keeps children away from bad luck. 37．In ________, people pull the birthday child’s ear to wish him or her a happy birthday. A．China B．Ireland C．Spain D．Canada 【答案】35．B 36．D 37．C 【导语】本文讲述了不同国家庆祝生日的不同习俗。 35．细节理解题。根据“In China”, “In Canada”, “In Ireland”, “In the USA and Britain”和“In Spain”可知，提到的国家有中国、加拿大、爱尔兰、美国、英国和西班牙，共六个国家，故选B。 36．细节理解题。根据“The butter keeps children away from bad luck”可知，孩子们在生日那天把黄油涂在鼻子上，是为了让孩子们远离坏运气，故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据“In Spain, people pull the birthday child’s ear to wish him or her a happy birthday”可知，在西班牙，拉过生日孩子的耳朵是为了祝他/她生日快乐，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） Now in different places of the world, people are doing different things. In Beijing, it’s early morning. People are sleeping. In London, people are leaving work to go home. They are waiting for buses or trains. Some people are driving their cars. Some are having afternoon tea at home or walking to the pubs (酒吧) to have a drink. In Moscow, it’s evening and people are having supper at home or in restaurants. Some are going to watch a ballet (芭蕾舞). Some are drinking in the pubs. In Los Angeles (洛杉矶), it’s morning. People are working in their offices. Children are starting their lessons. New York is noon now. People aren’t working but having lunch. They are eating hamburgers or hot dogs and drinking coffee or Coke. Some people are seeing friends or shopping. 38．When children in Los Angeles are starting their lessons, people in Beijing are ________. A．playing basketball B．seeing films C．having lessons D．sleeping 39．From the passage, we can see the time in New York now is ________. A．6:00 B．9:00 C．10:00 D．12:00 40．People in London like to have afternoon tea ________. A．at home B．in the pubs C．at school D．in the office 41．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．At the same time, in different places of the world people are doing the same thing. B．At the same time, in different places of the world people are doing different things. C．People do different things at different time. D．People do the same thing at different time. 【答案】38．D 39．D 40．A 41．B 【导语】本文介绍了同一时间不同国家的人所做的不同的事情。 【详解】38．细节理解题。根据“In Los Angeles (洛杉矶), it’s morning. People are working in their offices. Children are starting their lessons.”及“In Beijing, it’s early morning. People are sleeping.”可知，当洛杉矶的孩子们开始上课时，北京的人正在睡觉。故选D。 39．细节理解题。根据“New York is noon now. People aren’t working but having lunch.”可知，纽约现在是中午吃午饭的时间，即12点。故选D。 40．细节理解题。根据“Some are having afternoon tea at home”可知，在伦敦，人们喜欢在家喝下午茶。故选A。 41．主旨大意题。根据“Now in different places of the world, people are doing different things.”及全文可知，本文介绍了同一时间不同国家的人所做的不同的事情。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） China is a big country. Are the north and the south very different? Wang Lei I think the biggest difference is the language. Each place in China has its own dialect (方言). For example, people in my hometown, Xiamen, speak Minnan dialect. But it’s not easy for people from the north to understand it while talking with each other! But China has done a good job in teaching people Putonghua, which makes it easy for people in different places to communicate well with each other. He Yue I think the food is quite different. I grew up in Tianjin, a northern city. Tianjin is famous for baozi and jianbing. Last year, I visited Hunan. I was surprised by the rice there. It was not as sweet as the rice in the north. This is because of the difference in rain and heat (高温). And people in different parts have different tastes. Li Fang You can find differences in old Chinese poems. I live in Hangzhou. China’s poet Su Shi once wrote about the West Lake here, “The brimming waves delight the eye on sunny days. The dimming hills present a rare view in rainy haze.” (水光潋滟晴方好，山色空蒙雨亦奇。) But when you read poems about the north, you can find that “In boundless desert lonely smoke rises straight.” (大漠孤烟直。) Quite different scenes (场景), aren’t they? 42．What does the underlined word “communicate” probably mean? A．share B．talk C．fight D．play 43．What’s the weather like in Hangzhou according to Su Shi’s poem? A．Cold and dry. B．Cold and wet. C．Warm and wet. D．Warm and dry. 44．The passage shows the differences between the north and the south in ________. ①languages    ②food    ③houses    ④old Chinese poems A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 【答案】42．B 43．C 44．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国南北方在语言、饮食和古诗描写景色方面的差异。 42．词义猜测题。根据“But China has done a good job in teaching people Putonghua, which makes it easy for people in different places to communicate well with each other.”可知，推广普通话让不同地区的人们能够很好地“交流”。communicate意为“交流”，与talk意思相近。故选B。 43．推理判断题。根据“The brimming waves delight the eye on sunny days. The dimming hills present a rare view in rainy haze.” 可知，诗句中提到了杭州“晴天”和“雨天”的景象，杭州位于中国南方，气候偏温暖，由此可推断其天气特点是“温暖且潮湿”。故选C。 44．细节理解题。通读文章可知，全文分别从①方言差异（Wang Lei的观点）、②饮食差异（He Yue的观点）和④古诗描写的南北景色差异（Li Fang的观点）三个方面对比了南北差异，未提及③房屋差异。故选B。 主题04 人与自然——科学技术 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西延安·期末） The fruits and vegetables at the supermarkets look nice and fresh but how long can we keep them? We are often not certain of this. Now OneThird, a food group, finds out the answer with an infrared scanner (红外线扫描仪). The group gets the name OneThird because we waste about 1/3 of the food. That’s really a sad thing. OneThird’s scanner can find out how fresh the food is. It looks inside a tomato and can “see” the structures (结构) of water, sugars and other compounds of the tomato. It can then tell how many days the fruit is still good to eat. Each fruit or vegetable starts to go bad in a different way. So the group has to study them one by one. Right now, the scanner can tell the shelf (货架) life of strawberries, tomatoes and blueberries. Soon, we will know the shelf life of more food, like grapes, bananas and mangoes. With the help of the scanner, workers at a supermarket can tell the right time to put the fruit and vegetables on sale. The supermarket will also know when to give the unsold food to people in need before it goes bad. “The scanner helps us a lot. Also, it’s very easy to use and doesn’t need a lot of money.” said John Smith, a worker from Holland Supermarket. Today, a lot of food goes to waste because it goes bad. The group says the scanner can cut down on that waste by up to 1/4. 45．OneThird scanner can help us learn ______. A．what the fruits and vegetables look like B．how we can grow the fruit and vegetables C．how long we can keep the fruits and vegetables D．where different fruits and vegetables come from 46．What can we learn from the passage? A．OneThird gets the name because they make l/3 of the food. B．The scanner can see the structures of fruit and vegetables. C．Different fruits and vegetables start to go bad in the same way. D．We know the shelf life of all the fruits and vegetables right now. 47．What does John Smith think of OneThird’s scanner? A．Useful. B．Expensive. C．Hard to use. D．Beautiful. 48．What does the group OneThird want to stop? A．The high price of fruits and vegetables. B．Food waste because of uncertain shelf time. C．The sale of bad fruits and vegetables. D．The danger of keeping unsold food. 【答案】45．C 46．B 47．A 48．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了OneThird这个组织研究出红外线扫描仪，可以扫描出水果和蔬菜的保存期限。 45．细节理解题。根据“OneThird’s scanner can find out how fresh the food is.”可知，OneThird的扫描仪可以帮助我们了解水果和蔬菜能保存多久。故选C。 46．细节理解题。根据“It looks inside a tomato and can ‘see’ the structures (结构) of water, sugars and other compounds of the tomato.”可知，扫描仪可以看到水果和蔬菜的结构。故选B。 47．细节理解题。根据“The scanner helps us a lot. Also, it’s very easy to use and doesn’t need a lot of money.”可知，约翰·史密斯认为OneThild的扫描仪是有用的。故选A。 48．细节理解题。根据“Today, a lot of food goes to waste because it goes bad. The group says the scanner can cut down on that waste by up to 1/4.”可知，OneThild组织想要阻止因为保质期过长而造成的食物浪费。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解之说明文 主题01 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） What do you usually do when you are free? Do you often lie in the sofa, eat snacks and watch TV? If you do like this, you are a “couch potato”. It means you spends too much time sitting on the sofa watching TV, playing video games, or using phones. Unluckily, more and more teenagers live this kind of life. Scientists say that sitting for hours can lead to weight gain (导致体重增长) and have a pain in the back (后背疼痛). It can also cause (造成) eye problems. If people stare at (盯着) screens for a long time, their eyes will feel dry and tired. Teenagers always stay at home and they seldom go outside. They often talk less to their family and friends. They may have trouble in communicative skills and become ill in minds. Parents and experts try to help children avoid forming (形成) this kind of lifestyle (生活方式). They should set time limits (设定时间限制). Teenagers can only watch TV or play computer games for one hour a day. Move your body, dance, play basketball for thirty minutes a day. Try some interests, such as reading books, drawing pictures or learning cooking. Remember, your body is like a bike—it works best when you use it often! 1．A “couch potato” usually ________ at home. A．cook meals B．exercise every day C．watch TV for hours D．read books 2．Which problem is NOT mentioned in the text? A．Back pain. B．Dry eyes. C．Broken bones. D．Weight gain. 3．What is the main idea of the passage? A．TV programs are fun. B．Sitting too much harms (危害) health. C．Phones are useless. D．Everyone should become a couch potato. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） Eating healthily is very important for everyone, especially for students. A good diet (饮食) helps us stay strong, focused, and full of energy. Here are some tips for healthy eating: Don’t Skip (跳过) Breakfast Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It gives you energy to start your day. A healthy breakfast could be oatmeal (燕麦粥) with fruit or whole-grain bread with eggs. A Little Junk Food Junk food, such as chips, candy, and fast food, is high in sugar, salt, and unhealthy fat. Eating too much junk food can lead to health problems like overweight and toothache. It’s okay to have a little sometimes, but don’t have it often. Eat Many Kinds of Foods Our bodies need different kinds of nutrients (营养), so it’s important to eat different foods. For example, you can have an apple, a sandwich with chicken, and a glass of milk for lunch. 4．How many tips for healthy eating are there in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 5．What’s the writer’s idea about junk food? A．Fast food isn’t high in unhealthy fat. B．A little junk food is good for health. C．Too much junk food may cause overweight. D．It’s OK to have too much junk food. 6．The passage is most probably from ________ . A．a storybook B．a health magazine C．a math book D．a sports magazine Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） Many people like sugar. Do you know where we get sugar from? Most of our sugar comes from two plants: sugar cane (甘蔗) and sugar beets (甜菜). Sugar cane is a tall plant. It grows in hot places. However, sugar beets grow in cool places. Is sugar nice or harmful? It’s difficult to say. In some traditional ways, sugar is useful for our bodies and makes us strong. But eating too much sugar isn’t good for our teeth. It can hurt our teeth and make us fat. Being fat can bring us many health problems. So if you like sugar, it’s important to eat it in a right way. Make sure not to eat too much. A little sugar is fine and can give you some power. You can eat lots of healthy food like fruits and vegetables, take lots of exercise and make your teeth clean every day! To keep healthy, we should remember: a little sugar goes a long way! 7．What do we know about sugar beets? A．They grow in cool places. B．They are a kind of tall plant. C．They look like sugar cane. D．They grow in hot places. 8．The underlined word “harmful” in Paragraph 2 means “________” A．enough B．difficult C．bad D．boring 9．Having too much sugar can ________. A．make us feel thirsty B．be good for health C．cause health problems D．make our teeth strong 10．What is the best title of the passage? A．How to make sugar B．The taste of sugar C．The history of sugar D．Sugar and our health Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·陕西汉中·期末） We know exercise is important in our life. Everyone needs to exercise. Doctors say doing sports is good for us. Sports can make our body strong. It’s also very useful for children. If children often do sports, they can be stronger and taller. There are easy ways to exercise. You can walk, run or only jump. When you do exercise, you need to know what you are doing. Don’t do sports too much at a time. Try all kinds of sports and look for one, two or even three sports you like. You can also exercise at the gym because there are different kinds of fitness equipment (健身器材). Exercise can be fun. It can make you happy. Friends can exercise together at a gym or they can do sports together at any place they like. As you can see, you can try different ways to do exercise. Just do it! 11．Doing sports is good for children because it can ________ according to Paragraph 1. A．make them clever B．make them know what they are doing C．help them study better D．make them strong and tall 12．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Try one kind of sport is enough. B．Sport is only good for children. C．Exercise can make us be happy. D．We should do a lot of sports at a time. 13．What’s the main idea (主旨) of this passage? A．Exercise is interesting. B．Exercise can help us live longer. C．There are many places for exercise. D．We should try different ways to do exercise. Passage 5 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） Lots of people keep healthy by playing sport, but some people are too busy to do sports. If you want to look for another way to exercise, walking is a good one. Walking is easy. There are no rules. You can start walking at any time you like. Walking is cheap. You don’t need to spend money on clothes or other things. Remember to wear a pair of sports shoes. Walking works in diverse weather. When it’s raining, take an umbrella. When it’s sunny, wear sunglasses. When it’s cold, walking can help you keep warm. What’s more, walking in the snow is great fun! Walking is relaxing. It’s a good idea to walk with a friend. You can talk about something interesting when taking a walk. If you walk alone, listen to some music, make plans for your day or just enjoy the fresh air on your way. Walking is good for your health in many ways. Why not start walking now? 14．The underlined word “diverse” means “_______” in the passage. A．same B．warm C．different D．cold 15．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．There are some rules of walking. B．It’s not good to walk with others. C．Walking a long way can make you happy. D．Walking can help you keep warm in cold weather. 16．What’s the best title (标题) of the passage? A．A Good Way to Exercise B．A Good Way to Have Fun C．How to Make Walking Interesting D．The Ways to Keep Running Passage 6 （24-25七年级下·陕西安康·期末） Lots of people keep healthy by playing sport, but some people are too busy to do sports. If you want to look for another way to exercise, walking is a good one. ________ There are no rules. You can start walking at any time you like. Walking is cheap. You don’t need to spend money on clothes or other things. Remember to wear a pair of sports shoes. Walking is relaxing. It’s a good idea to walk with a friend. You can talk about something interesting when taking a walk. If you walk alone, listen to some music, make plans for your day or just enjoy the fresh air on your way. Walking works in all kinds of weather. When it’s raining, take an umbrella. When it’s sunny, wear sunglasses. When it’s cold, walking can help you keep warm. What’s more, walking in the snow is great fun! Walking is good for your health in many ways. Why not start walking now? 17．Which of the following can we put in the “________” in Paragraph 2? A．Walking is fast. B．Walking is important. C．Walking is easy. D．Walking is boring. 18．The underlined word “alone” means “________” in Chinese. A．独自地 B．谨慎地 C．灵敏地 D．礼貌地 19．What’s the best title (标题) of the passage? A．The ways to keep running. B．A good way to have fun. C．How to make walking interesting. D．Walking is a good way to exercise. 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） Rivers are important to us, so we should protect them. The Chinese work hard and hold many activities to protect rivers in recent years. Schools introduce the importance of protecting rivers to students. They also organize (组织) students to plant trees along rivers. Communities (社区) hold activities for the protection, too. They organize people to clean up waste in rivers. They want to help the rivers get clean and clear again. That helps to solve some of the water pollution problems. The government (政府) also does some things. It makes different laws to protect rivers. In 2022, it passed Yellow River Protection Law. It also sets up many special days to protect rivers, such as Mother River Protection Day and China Water Week. All the Chinese make efforts all the time, not just on the special days. Miracles (奇迹) keep happening because of their work. To protect rivers, everybody counts. We are sure to make a big difference to rivers. 20．What do students do to protect rivers according to the passage? A．Plant trees. B．Use less water. C．Collect flowers. D．Make laws. 21．How do communities help solve the water pollution problems? A．By making different laws. B．By repairing broken taps. C．By cleaning up waste in rivers. D．By stopping people from throwing waste into rivers. 22．The underlined word “efforts” means “______” in the last paragraph. A．差异 B．努力 C．错误 D．能量 23．What’s the best title (标题) for the text? A．The Importance of Rivers B．Some Problems of Water Safety C．Activities to Protect Rivers in China D．Some Special Days About Protecting Rivers Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） Students in Miss Li’s class make a survey about wasting water at home. Here are the results. 24．The survey is about ______ . A．saving water at home B．water cycle (循环) on the earth C．wasting water at home D．using water at school 25．How many students use hoses to water flowers in this survey? A．2. B．5. C．10. D．12. 26．In which activity do most of the students waste water? A．Keeping water running while brushing teeth. B．Using washing machines to wash a few clothes. C．Having a long bath. D．Using hoses to water flowers. 主题03 人与社会——景点建筑 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） Langshan Mountain, lying in Xinning County, is about 500 kilometers away from Changsha. It is one of China’s National Geological Parks and is famous for its special Danxia landform. Covering an area of 108 square kilometers, Langshan Mountain has rich natural scenery and lots of tourism resources. There are many beautiful places in Langshan Mountain. The most famous places are Tianyi Lane (天一巷), Chili Peak (辣椒峰) and Bajiao Stronghold (八角寨). On August 2nd, 2010, Langshan Mountain was recorded in the world heritage list (世界遗产名录) and became China’s eighth world natural heritage. If you would like to visit Langshan Mountain, you can take a bus from Shaoyang South Station to Xinning County. It will take you about 2 hours and the price of the bus ticket is 54 yuan each adult. Then you can take a taxi to Langshan Mountain. The best time to visit Langshan Mountain is from March to October. 27．Langshan Mountain lies in ______. A．Xinshao County B．Xinning County C．Longhui County D．Xinyang County 28．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Langshan Mountain is about 100 kilometers away from Changsha. B．Langshan Mountain was recorded in the world heritage list in 2011. C．It will take about 2 hours to walk from Shaoyang South Station to Xinning County. D．Langshan Mountain has rich natural scenery and many tourism resources. 29．What’s the best time to visit Langshan Mountain? A．In December. B．In May. C．In February. D．In January. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） How much money do you need to visit Shaanxi? Let’s find out! ★Big Wild Goose Pagoda (大雁塔) Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a famous place in Shaanxi. One ticket (票) to visit it costs 50 yuan. And it costs another 30 yuan to climb up the tower. ★Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑) The Terracotta Warriors are a famous attraction in Shaanxi, too. One ticket costs 120 yuan. But you can spend less money if you have a student ID card. It usually gets very busy during the day. Make sure you go early! ★Huashan Mountain If you are interested in hiking, you might want to visit Huashan Mountain. How much is it to climb the mountain? One ticket is 160 yuan. And you must be very careful when you are hiking. 30．How much is one ticket to visit Big Wild Goose Pagoda? A．50 yuan. B．30 yuan. C．160 yuan. D．120 yuan. 31．The writer thinks that people should visit the Terracotta Warriors ________. A．in the afternoon B．late C．at any time of the day D．early 32．How many places in Shaanxi does the text mention (提到)? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two. 主题04 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西汉中·期末） The Summer Solstice (夏至) is the tenth solar term (节气) in China. It is usually on June 21 or June 22 every year. It has the longest day and the shortest night of the year. The hot days of summer come after the day of the Summer Solstice. For the Summer Solstice, there is a tradition (传统) to have cold noodles. It has a long history. We can read about the tradition in many old books. As time goes by, the Chinese people still have this tradition, but they have different ways of cooking and different sauces (酱) now. Why do people eat cold noodles? In hot summer, there’s nothing better than a bowl of cold food for dinner. And around the Summer Solstice, it’s time for people to get in the wheat (小麦) they grew. People use wheat to make noodles. Noodles are the longest food in China. And people see the longest day of the year on the Summer Solstice. Around the Summer Solstice, people also like to have other food, such as green vegetables and fruit. For example, the lychee (荔枝) is a nice fruit to have. As the old Chinese saying goes, “One lychee on the Summer Solstice keeps the bad luck at bay.” 33．When is the Summer Solstice? A．On June 21 and June 22. B．On June 21 or June 22. C．On July 21 and July 22. D．On July 21 or July 22. 34．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A．Having cold noodles. B．Reading books. C．Cooking noodles in different ways. D．Growing wheat. 35．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．How people make cold noodles. B．Why people eat cold noodles on the Summer Solstice. C．When people grow wheat. D．Where people eat cold noodles on the Summer Solstice. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西榆林·期末） Chinese people don’t just love cooking delicious vegetable dishes. They also love growing (种植) vegetables. Chinese people grew vegetables in their gardens many years ago. Now, they also grow vegetables in the Antarctic, and even in space! Here is the reason. China is so big and it’s good for growing vegetables. Many places have the sunlight, soil (土壤) and water that vegetables need. Most of today’s vegetables were once wild. Chinese people started to eat and grow them quite early. The Book of Songs (《诗经》), a book about 2,500 years ago, said something about vegetables. Chinese people were also open to vegetables from other countries. Potatoes, peppers and tomatoes were all from other places. But Chinese people grew them and made them popular in China. In the old times, the poet Tao Yuanming lived in the countryside and did farm work. This included (包括) growing vegetables. He loved this peaceful life. Now planting vegetables is a good way to get away from the busy city life. 36．What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A．Chinese people love growing vegetables. B．People grow vegetables only in the gardens. C．Chinese people don’t like cooking vegetables. D．Chinese people only love eating vegetables. 37．Why is China a good place for growing vegetables? A．Because there are more people in China. B．Because China is a country with a long history. C．Because there’s much soil, sunlight and water in China. D．Because Chinese people do well in growing vegetables. 38．The underlined word “peaceful” in Paragraph 4 means “________” in Chinese. A．有用的 B．宁静的 C．奇怪的 D．重要的 39．What’s the best title of this passage? A．The names of different vegetables B．Eating vegetables in China C．The ways to plant vegetables D．Planting vegetables in China Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·陕西商洛·期末） In ancient China, children didn’t have smart phones, iPads or computers to enjoy themselves. How did they do sports to have fun? Playing hide-and-seekIt’s a traditional game for children. There are two ways to play it. One child covers his eyes while other kids run around to make fun of him. The other way is other children hide and one child tries to find them. Flying kitesKites have quite a long history. A long time ago, people used wood to make kites. The three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each kind looks beautiful in its own way, for example, the bird-shaped kite with long wings (翅膀) of the Beijing kite. Playing stone ballsIn the Qing Dynasty, kicking (踢) a stone ball around was a popular game in the northern part of China, and children often played it in winter to keep warm. 40．According to the text, how many ways did the kids have to play hide-and-seek? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4. 41．People used ________ to make kites a long time ago. A．wood B．paper C．bamboo D．cloth 42．In ________, ancient Chinese kids often kicked the stone balls. A．summer B．autumn C．winter D．spring 43．What kind of activity was popular in the north of China in the Qing Dynasty? A．Playing hide-and-seek. B．Playing stone balls. C．Flying kites. D．Swimming in rivers. 44．Where can we probably read this text? A．In a food magazine. B．In a travel magazine. C．In an art magazine. D．In a sports magazine. 主题05 人与自然——常见动物 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西延安·期末） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 What do gorillas look like? Gorillas are large animals. They have black hair. Usually, they walk on four legs. When gorillas stand on two legs, they can be up to 1.75m tall. Gorillas are big, but they are very shy. What do gorillas eat? Gorillas eat fruits and plants. They spend a lot of their day eating. Gorillas can eat up to 25kg of food a day! Baby gorillas At birth, a gorilla is very small. But it gets bigger quickly. A mother carries a baby gorilla to get around. The baby gorilla learns to walk at five or six months old. At first, a baby gorilla drinks mother’s milk. Then the mother teaches it to eat fruits and plants. Where do gorillas live? Gorillas live in central and eastern Africa. They live in the mountains of Africa. Their home is the forest. Gorilla families live in small groups. Today there are only about 12,5000 gorillas around the world. People cut down many trees for farming or housing so gorillas are losing their homes. People also kill gorillas for their meat. We must save the trees and their homes! 45．What do gorillas look like? A．Gorillas have black hair with two legs. B．Gorillas are very large and shy. C．Gorillas usually stand on two legs. D．Gorillas are the tallest animals. 46．Which of the following is TRUE? A．A gorilla eats a little food every day. B．Baby gorillas can walk at four months old. C．Gorilla families live in big groups. D．Gorillas are in great danger these days. 47．We may read the passage in the ______ column (专栏) of a newspaper. A．Story Time B．Trip Guides C．Animal World D．Nature Photos Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西延安·期末） Hello! My name is Carlos, and I live in Brazil. Let me tell you about my favorite animal—the capybara (水豚)! Capybaras are truly special. They have short legs, small ears, and thick (厚的) brown fur. They look different from other animals. Capybaras live near rivers and lakes in the forest. They’re great swimmers. They can stay underwater for up to five minutes! Capybaras live in big groups and take care of one another. Capybaras are the world’s largest rodents (啮齿动物). But they’re not scary at all. In fact, they’re very friendly. They are friends with other animals. You can often see birds standing on their backs. They also like to play with monkeys! Sadly, capybaras are in danger. People cut down forests. So capybaras are losing their homes. Some people even kill capybaras for their meat and fur. We should save the capybaras! We need to protect their homes and be kind to them. Every capybara is important! 48．Where do capybaras live? A．In the city. B．On the farm. C．Near rivers and lakes in the forest. D．In the sea. 49．According to the passage, capybaras are in danger because ________. ①the climate is becoming warm ②many animals eat them ③people cut down trees so capybaras are losing homes ④people kill capybaras for their meat and fur A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．③④ 50．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Capybaras have long legs, small ears, and thick brown fur. B．Capybaras live in big groups and take care of one another. C．Capybaras are the world’s smallest rodents. D．Capybaras are very scary and unfriendly. 主题01 人与自然——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） Water Facts Water is very important to us. Nearly three quarters of our body is water. 30% to 40% is muscle (肌肉). Every day our body needs one and a half litres (升) of water. We lose water when we breathe and go to the toilet. But we can live only for a few days without water. —Betty Most food has some water in it. Even bread has water in it. Fruit and vegetables have a lot of water in them, so we should eat plenty of fruit and vegetables every day. For example, oranges, watermelons, apples, cucumbers and lettuce (生菜). —Ivy We use a lot of water at home. We use 70 litres when we have a bath (盆浴) and 100 litres when we use the washing machine each time. What a lot of water! We can help save water at home by taking showers (淋浴) instead of baths. We shouldn’t use the washing machine if we only have a few articles of clothing (几件衣服). —Tommy When the water in a pond (池塘) freezes (结冰), it freezes at the top and doesn’t freeze at the bottom. This is because cold air can’t get through the frozen sheet of ice. The water under this sheet of ice is warm enough for the fish and plants in the pond to go on living. —Billy 1．What is nearly three quarters of our body? A．Food. B．Water. C．Bones. D．Muscle. 2．What can we do to save water? A．Take a bath. B．Wash a few articles of clothing by hand. C．Wash clothes by washing machines. D．Take a bath quickly. 3．Why can the fish and plants under the sheet of ice in the pond live? A．Because the water is cold enough. B．Because they’re strong. C．Because the water there is warm enough. D．Because they’re big. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） Electricity is all around us. It’s in the computer you are using, it’s in the ground under your feet, and it’s in your body. And you can’t live without electricity. Without electricity, you wouldn’t be reading this article right now. It’s not because it’s not bright enough without electricity. It’s because your brain wouldn’t work. Every move of your body needs the help of electricity. The nervous system (神经系统) sends electrical signals (信号) to your brain first, and then your brain sends them to your body. These signals don’t flow along a wire. They jump from one cell (细胞) to the next until they get to their final place. With so much electricity jumping around, it may seem like the body is a great power station. You may wonder if you have enough power to turn on TV. Well, your body can just create little electricity. So stop dreaming. 4．Why can’t we read the passage without electricity? A．Because it’s dark. B．Because our brain wouldn’t work. C．Because we can’t see it. D．Because the words are not clear. 5．What sends electrical signals to our brains when we move? A．The nervous system. B．The bones. C．The body. D．The cells. 6．What can we learn about our bodies from the last paragraph? A．There are wires in them. B．Electricity flows slowly in them. C．They are like power stations. D．They have the power to turn on TV. 7．The passage is mainly about ________. A．how to save electricity B．electricity in the ground C．electricity under the feet D．electricity around us Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） About 70% of our body is water. We can live with no water for only about three days. So you can see water is really important for us! In fact, water helps our bodies in many ways. First, water keeps us healthy. Like trees and flowers need water to grow, our bodies need water to work well. Next, water is like a cleaner for our bodies. It can dust off our bodies and keep us healthy. Did you know that water also helps us stay cool when we feel hot? Our bodies get hot when we play outside or run around. But drinking water cools us down and makes us feel good. It’s like a great drink on a hot day. Water is also good for our skin (皮肤). It keeps our skin soft. So, if we want nice skin, we can drink enough water. But how much water should we drink? For most of us, eight glasses of water every day may be OK. You see water is so good for us. So, remember to drink enough water every day to stay healthy! 8．The underlined phrase “dust off” means “________” in Paragraph 2. A．to make something strong B．to make something clean C．to make something dirty D．to make something fast 9．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Water makes up 60% of our body. B．We can live without water for a week. C．Water is not important for keeping our skin healthy. D．Drinking water helps us stay cool when we are hot. 10．How much water does the writer suggest most people should drink daily? A．3 glasses. B．5 glasses. C．8 glasses. D．10 glasses. 11．What is the best title (标题) for the text? A．How to Keep Healthy B．Water Is Important C．More Water, Better Skin D．Rules About Drinking Water Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·陕西宝鸡·期末） Different weather makes people feel different. It influences (影响) health and feelings. In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have some health problems in this month. In the northeastern part of America, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People there have more health problems after the weather changes in February or March. Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy in cold days. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18℃, people feel more comfortable. Are you feeling sad, tired or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 12．From the passage we can know that people may be ill when ________. A．the weather is hot and wet B．the weather changes greatly C．the weather is warm D．the weather is always cold 13．The weather influences people’s ________. A．work B．health C．feelings D．Both B and C 14．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Thin people might feel tired in cold weather. B．Fat people may feel unhappy at about 18℃. C．Thin people might feel sad in cold weather. D．Fat people may feel happy in hot summer. 15．The passage most probably comes from ________. A．a newspaper B．an advertisement C．a novel D．a story book Passage 5 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） Weather sayings help people understand nature. Let’s learn some fun ones! When cows lie down in a field, an old saying goes, “Cows lie down, rain is on the town.” Farmers believe cows can feel the air change before rain. Frogs also give signs. “Frogs croak (呱呱叫) more, rain is at the door” Frogs croak louder before rain. Next time you hear them, take an umbrella! On clear nights, people say, “Stars are bright, fine day in sight.” Bright stars mean sunny weather. People use this saying to plan hikes — they always watch the sky before going out. When gardeners see dew (露水)on grass, they remember, “Dew on the grass, rain won’t come to pass.” This means a dewy morning usually stays dry. Gardeners water plants early because they know rain isn’t coming. These sayings are like messages from nature. They show how people use observations (观察) to infer (推断)weather. Nature is always talking — if we know how to listen! 16．What can we infer from the saying “Frogs croak more, rain is at the door”? A．Frogs like to croak in the rain. B．Frogs croak a little when it’s wet. C．Frog croaks can help infer rainy weather. D．Rain makes frogs croak loudly. 17．Why do people check the stars before going hiking? A．Because bright stars mean sunny weather. B．Because they enjoy the night view. C．Because they don’t want to get lost. D．Because stars help them find the way. 18．What is this passage mainly about? A．The history of weather sayings in farming. B．Some interesting weather sayings. C．How animals act in different weather. D．Tips for planning outdoor activities. 主题02 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） Fast walking is the exercise between walking and race walking (竞走). A study shows that fast walking becomes the most popular exercise in China and many people walk more than 5,000 steps a day. The results of the study are from WeChat users. About 37% of the people choose fast walking as their favourite exercise, over 23% choose running and more than 14% choose cycling. Fast walking and running are easy. They cost little and work well, so they are popular. And many people would rather (宁愿) do exercise in nature than (也不愿) go to gyms. It’s best to walk fast for at least 10 minutes at a time and walk up to 6,000 steps every day. The study also shows that people in Guiyang, Guizhou love sports most. On average (一般来说), everyone there walks 5,941 steps every day. It seems that people in places with better environment (环境) and air are more willing to (更愿意) do sport. 19．Many people in China walk more than ________ steps a day. A．6,000 B．5,941 C．6,491 D．5,000 20．About 37% of the Chinese people choose ________ as their favourite exercise. A．fast walking B．swimming C．riding D．playing volleyball 21．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．people live in big cities are more willing to do sport B．fast walking is not difficult, and it costs little and works well C．it’s bad for people to walk fast for more than 10 minutes at a time D．it’s good for people to do exercise in the gym Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西咸阳·期末） Run to keep healthy ★Running is a kind of exercise friendly to almost everybody You don’t need to spend much money on the sport. All you need is comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes. ★The day to inspire (激励) people to run and keep healthy Global Running Day is on the first Wednesday of June every year. The first Global Running Day was on 3rd June, 2009. People from many countries celebrate (庆祝) it. ★Running is the most popular sport in China ★How to run in a right way If you are a beginner, you should start from walking or jogging. If you are an old hand, you can run three or four times each week. Remember to warm up (热身) before running. 22．What things do you need when you are running? A．Sports shoes. B．Expensive hats. C．Expensive clothes. D．Fashion sunglasses. 23．When was the Global Running Day in 2024? A． B． C． D． 24．If you are an experienced (有经验的) runner, how often can you run according to (根据) the advice in the passage? A．Once or twice a week. B．Three or four times a week. C．Five or six times a week. D．Every day. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·陕西延安·期末） Having healthy eating habits is not only important to children but also important to their parents. When parents have unhealthy eating habits, their children usually do, too. After all, children eat the same way as their parents. When parents eat healthy food, the children will learn to enjoy it, too. Then they will develop (形成) good eating habits. However, some parents aren’t clear (清晰的) about what kind of food is healthy. So, for these parents, they should learn more about healthy food. The main food groups are these: fish and chicken, milk and juice, bread and rice, fruit and vegetables. The last group is fat and sugar. Doctors advise (建议) that parents should give their children the following healthier kinds of foods. They’re fish and chicken, milk and juice, bread and rice, fruit and vegetables. Knowing what to eat is very useful for people in life. We know that the food we eat affects (影响) us in different ways. For example, fruit and vegetables can keep people away from many different illnesses (疾病). We can change our eating habits now and enjoy a healthy life. 25．What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A．Parents. B．Children. C．Teachers. D．Doctors. 26．What do doctors advise parents to give their children? ①fish and chicken             ②milk and juice              ③bread and rice ④fruit and vegetables          ⑤fat and sugar A．①②③⑤ B．②③④⑤ C．①②④⑤ D．①②③④ 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Few people have good eating habits now. B．We will live longer (更久) if we just eat vegetables. C．Parents’ eating habits are important to their children. D．Healthy eating habits are not important. Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·陕西渭南·期末） When people think of healthy foods for eyes, the first thing that comes to mind is carrots. But there are also many other healthy foods for eyes. If you want to have healthy eyes, eat them. Kale (羽衣甘蓝) is a wonderful green vegetable that looks like a cabbage. If you eat kale often, you will still have healthy eyes when you are old. Vitamin A in kale can help you see clearly at night. Chicken is another great food for eyes. You can cook chicken in many ways. You can make chicken soup, gongbao chicken, chicken noodles and chicken salad. All of them are not only delicious but also good for your eyes. If you spend a lot of time on computers or often feel that your eyes are dry, eating some fish can be a good way to make your eyes feel good. You don't need to eat a lot each time. A little will be OK. All in all, there are many different kinds of foods that can be helpful in keeping your eyes healthy. 28．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By showing facts. D．By asking questions. 29．How many dishes made of chicken are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six 30．What’s the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1,...) A．①-②③④⑤ B．①②③-④-⑤ C．①-②③④-⑤ D．①-②③-④⑤ 31．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To talk about how to eat healthily. B．To show how to cook different dishes. C．To tell us the importance of protecting eyes. D．To tell us different foods that are good for eyes. Passage 5 （24-25七年级下·陕西榆林·期末） Do you know that you can eat a “rainbow (彩虹)”? You can’t eat a rainbow in the sky, of course. You can make a healthy “rainbow” out of different colours of fruit and vegetables. A red apple can help keep your heart strong. Red berries (莓) can help keep you from getting ill. An orange carrot can help keep your eyes healthy. An orange is full of vitamins. If you have a cold, you can have some orange juice with breakfast in the morning. A banana can give you much energy. Yellow food can help keep your body healthy. When you go for a picnic or go hiking in the mountain, you cart take yellow fruit with you. What about fruit or vegetables in other colours? Green broccoli can keep your bones (骨头) strong. Blueberries can help you remember things. And purple grapes can help keep blood (血液) moving around your body. These fruit and vegetables are just part of the food “rainbow”. Eating a “rainbow” every day is a nice and colourful way to stay healthy. Let’s eat rainbow food every day! 32．Why does the writer ask a question at the start of the passage? A．To tell a story. B．To introduce the rainbow. C．To make us interested. D．To give an example. 33．If a student has poor eyesight (视力), what should he eat more? A．Blueberries. B．Grapes. C．Red apples. D．Orange carrots. 34．What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) in writing the passage? A．To ask us to eat rainbow food. B．To show how many kinds of rainbow food there are. C．To introduce the colours of rainbow food. D．To show us where to get rainbow food. 主题03 人与社会——文化差异 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） When people talk about birthdays, they usually think of cakes, gifts and a happy song called Happy Birthday. In fact, there are many kinds of ways to celebrate birthdays. In China, some birthday children start the day by saying “Hi” to their parents. Some parents give their children toys as gifts. And the birthday children usually eat long noodles. It means the birthday child has a long life. In Canada, children put butter (黄油) on their noses on their birthdays. The butter keeps children away from bad luck. In Ireland, people lift (举起) birthday children upside down. In the USA and Britain, the family make a big birthday cake. There are candles on the cake. One candle is for one year. In Spain, people pull (拉) the birthday child’s ear to wish him or her a happy birthday. If he or she is thirty, his or her friends and family pull his or her ear thirty times, once for each year. It’s very interesting. In some other countries, the birthday child sits on a special chair. All the people lift the chair up and down. If the birthday child is eight years old, they will lift the chair eight times. Different countries have different ways to celebrate birthdays. But you can celebrate your birthday in your own way. 35．________ countries are mentioned (提到) in the text. A．Five B．Six C．Seven D．Eight 36．Why do children put butter on their noses on their birthdays in Canada? A．Because it is very interesting. B．Because it means the birthday child has a long life. C．Because it is a way to eat butter. D．Because it keeps children away from bad luck. 37．In ________, people pull the birthday child’s ear to wish him or her a happy birthday. A．China B．Ireland C．Spain D．Canada Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） Now in different places of the world, people are doing different things. In Beijing, it’s early morning. People are sleeping. In London, people are leaving work to go home. They are waiting for buses or trains. Some people are driving their cars. Some are having afternoon tea at home or walking to the pubs (酒吧) to have a drink. In Moscow, it’s evening and people are having supper at home or in restaurants. Some are going to watch a ballet (芭蕾舞). Some are drinking in the pubs. In Los Angeles (洛杉矶), it’s morning. People are working in their offices. Children are starting their lessons. New York is noon now. People aren’t working but having lunch. They are eating hamburgers or hot dogs and drinking coffee or Coke. Some people are seeing friends or shopping. 38．When children in Los Angeles are starting their lessons, people in Beijing are ________. A．playing basketball B．seeing films C．having lessons D．sleeping 39．From the passage, we can see the time in New York now is ________. A．6:00 B．9:00 C．10:00 D．12:00 40．People in London like to have afternoon tea ________. A．at home B．in the pubs C．at school D．in the office 41．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．At the same time, in different places of the world people are doing the same thing. B．At the same time, in different places of the world people are doing different things. C．People do different things at different time. D．People do the same thing at different time. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期末） China is a big country. Are the north and the south very different? Wang Lei I think the biggest difference is the language. Each place in China has its own dialect (方言). For example, people in my hometown, Xiamen, speak Minnan dialect. But it’s not easy for people from the north to understand it while talking with each other! But China has done a good job in teaching people Putonghua, which makes it easy for people in different places to communicate well with each other. He Yue I think the food is quite different. I grew up in Tianjin, a northern city. Tianjin is famous for baozi and jianbing. Last year, I visited Hunan. I was surprised by the rice there. It was not as sweet as the rice in the north. This is because of the difference in rain and heat (高温). And people in different parts have different tastes. Li Fang You can find differences in old Chinese poems. I live in Hangzhou. China’s poet Su Shi once wrote about the West Lake here, “The brimming waves delight the eye on sunny days. The dimming hills present a rare view in rainy haze.” (水光潋滟晴方好，山色空蒙雨亦奇。) But when you read poems about the north, you can find that “In boundless desert lonely smoke rises straight.” (大漠孤烟直。) Quite different scenes (场景), aren’t they? 42．What does the underlined word “communicate” probably mean? A．share B．talk C．fight D．play 43．What’s the weather like in Hangzhou according to Su Shi’s poem? A．Cold and dry. B．Cold and wet. C．Warm and wet. D．Warm and dry. 44．The passage shows the differences between the north and the south in ________. ①languages    ②food    ③houses    ④old Chinese poems A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 主题04 人与自然——科学技术 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·陕西延安·期末） The fruits and vegetables at the supermarkets look nice and fresh but how long can we keep them? We are often not certain of this. Now OneThird, a food group, finds out the answer with an infrared scanner (红外线扫描仪). The group gets the name OneThird because we waste about 1/3 of the food. That’s really a sad thing. OneThird’s scanner can find out how fresh the food is. It looks inside a tomato and can “see” the structures (结构) of water, sugars and other compounds of the tomato. It can then tell how many days the fruit is still good to eat. Each fruit or vegetable starts to go bad in a different way. So the group has to study them one by one. Right now, the scanner can tell the shelf (货架) life of strawberries, tomatoes and blueberries. Soon, we will know the shelf life of more food, like grapes, bananas and mangoes. With the help of the scanner, workers at a supermarket can tell the right time to put the fruit and vegetables on sale. The supermarket will also know when to give the unsold food to people in need before it goes bad. “The scanner helps us a lot. Also, it’s very easy to use and doesn’t need a lot of money.” said John Smith, a worker from Holland Supermarket. Today, a lot of food goes to waste because it goes bad. The group says the scanner can cut down on that waste by up to 1/4. 45．OneThird scanner can help us learn ______. A．what the fruits and vegetables look like B．how we can grow the fruit and vegetables C．how long we can keep the fruits and vegetables D．where different fruits and vegetables come from 46．What can we learn from the passage? A．OneThird gets the name because they make l/3 of the food. B．The scanner can see the structures of fruit and vegetables. C．Different fruits and vegetables start to go bad in the same way. D．We know the shelf life of all the fruits and vegetables right now. 47．What does John Smith think of OneThird’s scanner? A．Useful. B．Expensive. C．Hard to use. D．Beautiful. 48．What does the group OneThird want to stop? A．The high price of fruits and vegetables. B．Food waste because of uncertain shelf time. C．The sale of bad fruits and vegetables. D．The danger of keeping unsold food. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $