精品解析：北京市朝阳区北京中学2025-2026学年度第二学期期中质量调研英语试题

2025—2026学年度第二学期期中质量调研试题 年级： 高二年级 学科：英语 2026.4 （考试时间100分钟 满分100分） 本试卷共12页，考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One morning, I woke up feeling as if I were in a fog. Maybe it was the peanut butter ice cream I’d had the night before. Turning to my husband, I ____1____ that I would make some changes and asked whether he was on board. He’d heard me say that before. Incredibly ____2____, he had joined me in low-calorie diets, but we ____3____ fell back into old habits. This time, I suggested joining a CSA, a program through which members receive regular shares of local organic produce. He agreed at once. We ____4____ and added our names to a long waitlist. After a year of waiting, we made it. It felt like we’d won the lottery (彩票), but we had no idea what to ____5____. Showing up the first time, we followed the ____6____ on the carefully written signs and loaded our recyclable bags with fresh produce. It all looked great, but I had no idea what some of it was or how to prepare it. Should we eat it ____7____? Cook it? We found a recipe online and tentatively (犹豫地) tried our new dish. It was delicious. Each week, we discovered new ____8____: rhubarb, tomatillos, and kohlrabi, along with the familiar corn and carrots. We had hits and misses but mostly hits. The ____9____ we considered part of our learning curve. Ever since we switched our diet, our taste buds (味蕾) have changed. No longer do we find peanut butter ice cream hard to resist. What started off as a(n) ____10____ has become a way of choosing what to eat. 1. A. predicted B. announced C. encouraged D. admitted 2. A. responsible B. sympathetic C. supportive D. cautious 3. A. suddenly B. intentionally C. possibly D. ultimately 4. A. turned up B. moved in C. signed up D. tuned in 5. A. expect B. purchase C. believe D. say 6. A. orders B. patterns C. trends D. directions 7. A. raw B. dead C. real D. alive 8. A. stores B. mysteries C. policies D. ideas 9. A. methods B. wonders C. misses D. puzzles 10. A. reform B. assignment C. routine D. experiment 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。 accurate dramatic infer envy barrier in terms of hunt for consist of burst into hang out 11. The weather forecast is surprisingly ________ this week, predicting exactly when the rain will start and stop. 12. The audience ________ applause when the actress finished her speech on human rights. 13. We ________ with our best friends in the park last weekend and enjoyed the warm sunshine together. 14. The research team ________ 20 experts from different universities, working on a cure for the disease. 15. He didn’t show his ________ of his colleague’s success, but his unwilling congratulations gave him away. 16. The police spent three days ________ the missing hiker in the forest. 17. From the dark clouds and strong wind, we could ________ that a storm was approaching. 18. ________ economic development, the government has introduced new policies to attract foreign investment. 19. The weather in this area has seen a ________ change in recent years, with more floods and heatwaves than ever before. 20. Although she is highly talented, her lack of confidence has become a major ________ to her career advancement. 第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. ________ (compare) with other candidates, the young man’s professional background turned out to be more suitable for this demanding position. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22. The old painter sat quietly in the corner, with his eyes ________ (fix) on the half-finished canvas, completely lost in thought. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23. ________ seemed impossible a decade ago has now become a reality in the field of artificial intelligence. (用适当的词填空) 24. Up to now, little attention ________ (pay) to the potential side effects of this newly developed drug, which worries many medical experts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25. The museum ________ collection features over 2,000 artifacts will launch a special exhibition next month. (用适当的词填空) 26. This newly developed cloth ________ (wash) easily and dries within minutes, making it ideal for outdoor sportswear. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27. I realized that the experiment ________ (conduct) under strict observation when all the lights went out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 28. The majority of the residents strongly opposed ________ (pull) down the old theatre, as they considered it a significant part of the city's cultural heritage. (所给词的适当形式填空) 29. The changes in the climate have led to a ________ (correspond) rise in temperature around the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30. He hurried to the station in panic, only ________ (tell) the train had left. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A We bring stories of adventure, world cultures and wild places to life in exhibitions and experiences that are designed to be shared with audiences of all ages. Bring National Geographic (NG) to your venue We offer high-quality traveling exhibitions to meet the needs of venues both small and large. Working with photographers, explorers, and other cooperators, we create exhibitions covering a wide range of topics to appeal to multiple audiences. To start the process, select your region to find exhibits available for booking. For venues in the continental United States, a printed and packed exhibition will be shipped to your location, ready to hang. For venues located outside of the United States, NG offers digitally delivered content packages. This option avoids international shipping fees by providing partners with a secure link to download their exhibition files and production guidelines for printing and mounting the exhibition. How to Host or Book Fill out the hosting form on any exhibition page. Or email us at exhibitions@ngs.org. A member of our traveling exhibitions team will respond within five business days. An NG representative will: ·Discuss your venue’s interest, outline fees and logistics (物流). ·Walk you through the process of selecting the right exhibition to meet your programmatic goals and space. ·Review the schedule to find out what is available during your desired time. ·Answer any additional questions you may have. Displayed here are the exhibitions available internationally. You can also find them in the downloadable international catalogue (目录). 31. How can venues beyond the United States receive the exhibits? A. By asking the NG staff to print out the copies. B. By picking them up at the NG partners’ offices. C. By waiting for packages shipped from overseas. D. By downloading digital files for local production. 32. What will an NG representative do after getting a hosting request? A. Travel abroad to mount the exhibition. B. Visit the venue and select an exhibition. C. Recommend photographers for the event. D. Provide details about fees and availability. 33. Who are probably target readers of the text? A. Staff managing public venues. B. Teachers planning study tours. C. Tourists interested in exhibitions. D. Students exploring world cultures. B As a kid, my identity was wrapped up in sports. I spent countless hours shooting hoops on my driveway, and then I got cut from the middle school basketball team, all three years. I spent a decade playing soccer, but I didn’t make the high school team. At that point, I shifted my focus to a new sport, diving. I was bad. I could hardly touch my toes without bending my knees, and I was afraid of heights. But I was determined. I stayed at the pool until it was dark, and my coach kicked me out of practice. I knew that the seeds of greatness are planted in the daily grind, and eventually, my hard work paid off. By my senior year, I made the All-American list, and I qualified for the Junior Olympic Nationals. I was obsessed with diving. It was more than something I did, it became who I was. But when I got to college, the sport I loved became something I started to fear. At that level, I could not beat more talented divers by outworking them. There was one question, though, that stopped me from rethinking. “If I’m not a diver, who am I?” In psychology, there’s a term for this kind of failure to rethink — it’s called “identity closure.” It’s when you settle prematurely (过早地) on a sense of who you are and close your mind to alternative selves. After my freshman year of college, I rethought my identity. I realized that diving was a passion, not a purpose. My values were to grow and excel. I didn’t have to be a diver to grow, excel and contribute. Instead of foreclosing on one identity, we’re better off trying on a range of possible selves. Retiring from diving freed me up to spend the summer doing psychology research and working as a diving coach. It also gave me time to concentrate on my silliest hobby, performing as a magician. Ever since then, I put an annual reminder in my calendar to rethink. It’s a checkup. Just as I go to the doctor for an annual checkup when nothing seems to be wrong, I can do the same thing in the important parts of my life. A career checkup to consider how my goals are shifting. A relationship checkup to re-examine my habits. 34. What made the author still decide to hold on when facing various challenges in sports? A. His pressure from his coach. B. His talent in sports. C. His obsession with diving. D. His definition of himself. 35. After the freshman year of college, the author decided to ________. A. embrace more possible selves B. outwork more talented divers C. give up diving-related things D. shift his focus to a new sport 36. According to the author, the retirement from diving was ________. A. thrilling B. distracting C. regrettable D. worthwhile 37. What can you learn from the passage? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Where there is a will, there is a way. C. Self-reflection is the key to self-improvement. D. Our value doesn’t lie in what we do, but who we are. C White Rabbit candy has not changed in 60 years. But some other things have changed. When a pop-up (快闪) shop in Shanghai began selling drinks flavored like White Rabbit candy, people queued for up to four hours for a cup priced at 20 yuan ($2.9). China’s nostalgia (怀旧) economy has reshaped how brands are marketed. However, the White Rabbit milk tea is itself a warning tale. Once customers reached the counter after four hours, many were disappointed. “It tastes just like any regular bubble tea (珍珠奶茶) out there,” one told reporters. Another posted: “It’s just exploiting the classic brand.” The comments point to the central weakness of the nostalgia economy. When heritage is used primarily as a good pricing reason, when nostalgic packaging is the product and what is inside is ordinary, consumers notice. The disappointment runs deeper than a normal commercial letdown, because something more personal has been involved. There are more risks. When nostalgic design becomes a recipe, the symbols stop carrying weight. And a nostalgia economy that speaks only to one generation’s memories is not building a shared culture. When the pop-up closes and the limited edition sells out, what remains? If the answer is nothing but the memory of a queue, the brand has wasted its heritage rather than grown it. The question facing China’s nostalgia economy is not whether there is a market for continuity but whether the industry will serve that market with depth or exploit it with shortcuts. Some of us grew up with White Rabbit candy. Others were born too late. But we are all looking for the same thing: a cultural identity with roots deep enough to hold, and a sense that what is being built today is worth remembering tomorrow. Nostalgia does not offer the past. It offers a reason to feel at home in the present. 38. Why does the author mention the customers’ comments about the drink? A. To imply the decline of the brand. B. To note the popularity of regular bubble tea. C. To criticize the high price of the drink. D. To show the trap of nostalgia-based selling. 39. What is the author’s suggestion for China’s nostalgia economy? A. Serving the market with shortcuts. B. Focusing on one generation’s memories. C. Using the past to root today’s culture. D. Copying the past exactly as it once was. 40. What is the best title for the text? A. Nostalgia marketing puts heritage at risk. B. White Rabbit candy remains unchanged. C. Nostalgia economy saves brand heritage. D. White Rabbit milk tea fails to satisfy fans. D Since Francis Galton coined the phrase “nature vs nurture (环境因素)” 150 years ago, the debate about what makes us who we are has dominated the human sciences. Today, however, a new scientific field is set to reshape the debate — not by declaring victory for one side or the other, nor even by calling a tie, but rather by revealing they were never in opposition in the first place. Through this new perspective, nature and nurture are not even entirely distinguishable, because genes and environment don’t operate in isolation; they influence each other and to a very real degree even create each other. The new field is called sociogenomics, an integration of behavioral science and genetics. Despite being a relatively new area of study, it has the potential to rewrite a great deal of what we think we know about who we are and how we got that way. Genes don’t affect who we become just on their own, inside our bodies — they work, in part, by shaping the environments we look for or produce. At other times, the nature-nurture feedback circle may be more pernicious. It’s no surprise that terrible setbacks — the loss of a job, the end of a marriage — can cause people to fall into depression. I was astonished to learn, however, that people with a high genetic tendency for depression are more likely to encounter these setbacks, which in turn contribute to their depression. That’s not to say that any of it is their fault, just that the way we’re supported and the world we pilot are closely linked. Here is the part of this research that really blows me away. The research suggests that your partner’s genes influence your likelihood of depression almost a third as much as your own genes do. It also shows when a small number of students with a genetic tendency to smoke are present in a high school, smoking rates can rise rapidly across an entire grade — even among those students who didn’t personally know those classmates. Genes alone aren’t enough to determine these outcomes and neither is environment. Nature and nurture both shape each other, with nature influencing the way we experience nurture and nurture influencing the way our nature expresses itself. The more opportunities and information the environment provides — the more varied environments become — the greater the influence that genetic variation has in sorting us into different categories. Nature and nurture aren’t separate forces — they’re endlessly circling back on each other. 41. Prior to the emergence of sociogenomics, it was widely believed that ________. A. genes and environment functioned separately B. there was no clear line between nature and nurture C. environment shaped our perception of who we are D. nature mattered more than nurture for personal growth 42. The underlined word “pernicious” (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to “________”. A. disastrous B. generative C. pointless D. questionable 43. It can be inferred that the research shocked the writer by suggesting that ________. A. our genes may change because of the people we live with B. nature determines our behaviour just as much as nurture does C. people with the same genes are more likely to interact with each other D. the genes of people around us can affect the environment we experience 44. Which of the following pictures correctly illustrates how nature and nurture make us who we are? A. B. C. D. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How many times do you find yourself in a conversation with someone, waiting for the other person to stop talking so you can say what you want to say? ____45____ This common experience shows a lack of active listening, because you are only thinking about how you want to respond. Communication that leads to real human connection involves active listening and empathy. Active listening includes eye contact as well as verbal and non-verbal acknowledgments that you are listening. ____46____ Empathy involves reflection, validation and a genuine concern for how others are feeling. This combination of active listening and empathy — empathetic listening — can improve relationships of all kinds. ____47____ Being brave enough to share with another person is a vulnerable position to be in. Imagine sharing something sad with a friend: “I studied so hard for the math exam, but I still failed it.” Consider these two potential responses and how they would make you feel. “Oh well, I’m glad I’m not the one taking that exam. Want to hang out?” “That must be so hard. Thank you for sharing with me. I am here for you.” The first response might leave one feeling dismissed. Why do people respond like that? Perhaps the comment comes from a place of the listener being uncomfortable with hearing something that taps into their own fears or vulnerability. ____48____ The second response, however, might make one feel heard, seen and supported. It shows the listener heard what the other person was saying, understanding and expressing concern. So how do you know what to say or not to say when someone shares something difficult with you? Sometimes, the best thing to do is to sit and listen. Brene Brown, a renowned researcher in this field, says it best: “Empathy is a strange and powerful thing. There is no script. There is no right way or wrong way to do it. ____49____” A. Shifting the topic might bring comfort to the speaker. B. These include nodding, confirming, and clarifying questions. C. Just be empathetic and you’ll have thought-provoking conversations. D. It’s simply listening, withholding judgment, and emotionally connecting. E. Everyone wants to feel understood for speaking their thoughts and feelings. F. The listener may want to shut down the conversation and move to a safer space. G. You might even expect the other person to completely tune into what you are saying. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题：第50、51题各占2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 We all love to criticize, but unfortunately, we also hate being criticized. We freely post and comment on others, but feel annoyed at the way others assess us, both online and in person. The world seems unlikely to change anytime soon. Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. Criticism is defined as judgment of the merits (优点) and faults of something or someone in written or spoken form. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what concerns us here. What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage. The culture of criticism isn’t going away. The only way to flourish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is to adopt new habits of getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is to assume that criticism, even when it seems personal, is not actually about you personally. When we receive criticism, we make it personal in two ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks. If taking criticism is particularly hard for you, you are not alone. However, taking criticism badly is more embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off. 50. What will be the results of changing the way we give and take criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 51. What is the difference between constructive and destructive criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 53. What benefit(s) would you gain from learning to accept negative feedback? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 54. 假定你是红星中学高三学生李华，Teens杂志国际版开设“未来职业对话”专栏，邀请各国高中生分享对AI时代职业规划的见解。请你给该专栏编辑写一封英文书信，内容包括： 1. AI可能取代或创造哪些岗位； 2. 你认为高中生该如何应对变化。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Editor, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年度第二学期期中质量调研试题 年级： 高二年级 学科：英语 2026.4 （考试时间100分钟 满分100分） 本试卷共12页，考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One morning, I woke up feeling as if I were in a fog. Maybe it was the peanut butter ice cream I’d had the night before. Turning to my husband, I ____1____ that I would make some changes and asked whether he was on board. He’d heard me say that before. Incredibly ____2____, he had joined me in low-calorie diets, but we ____3____ fell back into old habits. This time, I suggested joining a CSA, a program through which members receive regular shares of local organic produce. He agreed at once. We ____4____ and added our names to a long waitlist. After a year of waiting, we made it. It felt like we’d won the lottery (彩票), but we had no idea what to ____5____. Showing up the first time, we followed the ____6____ on the carefully written signs and loaded our recyclable bags with fresh produce. It all looked great, but I had no idea what some of it was or how to prepare it. Should we eat it ____7____? Cook it? We found a recipe online and tentatively (犹豫地) tried our new dish. It was delicious. Each week, we discovered new ____8____: rhubarb, tomatillos, and kohlrabi, along with the familiar corn and carrots. We had hits and misses but mostly hits. The ____9____ we considered part of our learning curve. Ever since we switched our diet, our taste buds (味蕾) have changed. No longer do we find peanut butter ice cream hard to resist. What started off as a(n) ____10____ has become a way of choosing what to eat. 1. A. predicted B. announced C. encouraged D. admitted 2. A. responsible B. sympathetic C. supportive D. cautious 3. A. suddenly B. intentionally C. possibly D. ultimately 4. A. turned up B. moved in C. signed up D. tuned in 5. A. expect B. purchase C. believe D. say 6. A. orders B. patterns C. trends D. directions 7. A. raw B. dead C. real D. alive 8. A. stores B. mysteries C. policies D. ideas 9. A. methods B. wonders C. misses D. puzzles 10. A. reform B. assignment C. routine D. experiment 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者与丈夫通过加入社区支持农业CSA项目，从一次改变饮食习惯的实验开始，探索并爱上本地有机农产品，最终成功将健康饮食转变为持久生活方式。 【1题详解】 考查动词。句意：我转向丈夫，宣布我要做出一些改变，并问他是否同意。A. predicted预测；B. announced宣布；C. encouraged鼓励；D. admitted承认。根据下文“that I would make some changes and asked whether he was on board”可知，作者向丈夫宣布自己要做一些改变，并询问他的意见。 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：令人难以置信的是，他非常支持，曾和我一起进行低卡路里饮食，但我们最终还是回到了旧习惯。A. responsible负责的；B. sympathetic同情的；C. supportive支持的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据下文“he had joined me in low-calorie diets”可知，丈夫曾加入作者的低卡路里饮食计划，体现了他对作者决定的支持。 【3题详解】 考查副词。句意：令人难以置信的是，他非常支持，曾和我一起进行低卡路里饮食，但我们最终还是回到了旧习惯。A. suddenly突然地；B. intentionally故意地；C. possibly可能地；D. ultimately最终。根据上文“he had joined me in low-calorie diets”和表示转折的“but”可知，尽管夫妻两人一起努力改变饮食习惯，但最后还是回到了老习惯。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我们报了名，并把名字加到了一个很长的等候名单上。A. turned up出现；B. moved in搬入；C. signed up报名；D. tuned in收听。根据上文“This time, I suggested joining a CSA, a program through which members receive regular shares of local organic produce.”可知，作者建议加入一个CSA项目，丈夫同意后，他们报了名。 【5题详解】 考查动词。句意：感觉我们像中了彩票，但我们不知道会收到什么。A. expect预期；B. purchase购买；C. believe相信；D. say说。根据上文“After a year of waiting, we made it. It felt like we’d won the lottery (彩票)”和表示转折的“but”可知，在成功加入CSA项目后，作者很激动，但对即将收到的农产品感到未知，what to expect意为“预期会发生什么”。 【6题详解】 考查名词。句意：第一次去的时候，我们按照仔细书写的标志上的指示，用环保袋装满了新鲜农产品。A. orders命令；B. patterns模式；C. trends趋势；D. directions指示。根据下文“on the carefully written signs”可知，标志上的内容通常是说明、指示或指引，告诉人们该如何操作。 【7题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我们应该生吃它吗？A. raw生的；B. dead死的；C. real真实的；D. alive活着的。根据上文“but I had no idea what some of it was or how to prepare it”和下文“Cook it?”可知，作者在疑惑如何烹饪这些陌生的蔬菜，提出了“生吃”还是“煮熟”的疑问。 【8题详解】 考查名词。句意：每周，我们都会发现新的神秘事物：大黄、黏果酸浆和苤蓝，还有熟悉的玉米和胡萝卜。A. stores商店；B. mysteries神秘的事物；C. policies政策；D. ideas想法。根据下文“rhubarb, tomatillos, and kohlrabi, along with the familiar corn and carrots”可知，大黄、黏果酸浆、苤蓝对作者而言是陌生、新奇的蔬菜，是神秘的事物，与熟悉玉米和胡萝卜形成对比。 【9题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们把那些失败视为学习曲线的一部分。A. methods方法；B. wonders奇迹；C. misses没接住；D. puzzles谜题。根据上文“We had hits and misses but mostly hits.”可知，此处是misses“没接住”的同词复现，指代那些“失败”（烹饪不成功）的经历。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：起初只是一次实验，如今已变成我们选择食物的方式。A. reform改革；B. assignment任务；C. routine惯例；D. experiment实验。根据上文“We found a recipe online and tentatively (犹豫地) tried our new dish.”和“We had hits and misses but mostly hits. The ___ we considered part of our learning curve.”可知，作者加入CSA项目后，在逐步探索这些农产品的食用方法，慢慢学习，表明这种饮食方式的转变最初是实验，后来才变成一种固定的生活方式。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。 accurate dramatic infer envy barrier in terms of hunt for consist of burst into hang out 11. The weather forecast is surprisingly ________ this week, predicting exactly when the rain will start and stop. 12. The audience ________ applause when the actress finished her speech on human rights. 13. We ________ with our best friends in the park last weekend and enjoyed the warm sunshine together. 14. The research team ________ 20 experts from different universities, working on a cure for the disease. 15. He didn’t show his ________ of his colleague’s success, but his unwilling congratulations gave him away. 16. The police spent three days ________ the missing hiker in the forest. 17. From the dark clouds and strong wind, we could ________ that a storm was approaching. 18. ________ economic development, the government has introduced new policies to attract foreign investment. 19. The weather in this area has seen a ________ change in recent years, with more floods and heatwaves than ever before. 20. Although she is highly talented, her lack of confidence has become a major ________ to her career advancement. 【答案】11. accurate 12. burst into 13. hung out 14. consists of 15. envy 16. hunting for 17. infer 18. In terms of 19. dramatic 20. barrier 【解析】 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这周的天气预报出奇地准确，精准预测了降雨开始和结束的时间。根据后半句predicting exactly可知此处表示预报精准，be动词后用形容词accurate。 【12题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这位女演员结束人权演讲时，观众爆发出掌声。根据句意及空后applause可知，空处应表达“突然发出/爆发出”，burst into applause意为“爆发出掌声”，符合语境，结合finished可知，使用一般过去时，burst的过去式是burst。 【13题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：上周末我们和好朋友在公园闲逛，一起享受温暖的阳光。根据句意及空后with our best friends in the park可知，空处应表达“闲逛”，hang out with意为“与……闲逛”，符合语境；由last weekend可知用一般过去时，hang的过去式为hung。 【14题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这个研究团队由来自不同大学的 20 名专家组成，致力于研发这种疾病的治疗方法。根据句意及空后20 experts from different universities可知，空处应表达“由……组成”，consist of意为“由……组成”，符合语境；一般现在时，主语The research team为单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：他没有表现出对同事成功的嫉妒，但不情愿的祝贺暴露了他的心思。根据句意及空前his和空后of his colleague’s success可知，空处应表达“嫉妒”，envy意为“嫉妒”，为不可数名词，符合语境，作show的宾语。 【16题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：警方花了三天时间在森林里搜寻失踪的徒步旅行者。根据句意及空前spent three days (spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事) 和空后the missing hiker可知，空处应表达“搜寻”，hunt for意为“搜寻”，符合语境，用动名词形式。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：从乌云和大风中，我们可以推断暴风雨即将来临。根据句意及空前could和空后that a storm was approaching可知，空处应表达“推断”，infer意为“推断”，符合语境。根据句意“推断”可知，此处为动词infer，情态动词could后接动词原形infer。 【18题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：就经济发展而言，政府出台了新政策吸引外资。根据句意及空后economic development可知，空处应表达“就……而言/在……方面”，in terms of意为“就……而言”，符合语境，位于句首首字母需大写。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个地区的气候近些年发生了戏剧性的变化，洪水和热浪比以往更多。根据句意及空前a和空后名词change可知，空处应填形容词修饰change；根据空后more floods and heatwaves than ever before可知，变化是“巨大的/显著的”，dramatic意为“巨大的/显著的”，符合语境，作定语。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管她天赋很高，但缺乏自信成了她职业发展的一大障碍。根据句意及空前a major和空后to her career advancement可知，空处应表达“障碍”，barrier意为“障碍”，a major barrier to意为“……的主要障碍”，符合语境。 第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. ________ (compare) with other candidates, the young man’s professional background turned out to be more suitable for this demanding position. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Compared 【解析】 【详解】句意：与其他候选人相比，这个年轻人的专业背景更适合这个要求苛刻的职位。句子主语the young man’s professional background与compare之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词Compared作状语。首字母大写。 22. The old painter sat quietly in the corner, with his eyes ________ (fix) on the half-finished canvas, completely lost in thought. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fixed 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位老画家静静地坐在角落里，眼睛盯着那幅未完成的油画，完全陷入沉思。with his eyes ____ on the half - finished canvas是with复合结构，其中his eyes与fix之间是被动关系，即眼睛被固定在……上，所以用过去分词fixed作宾语补足语。 23. ________ seemed impossible a decade ago has now become a reality in the field of artificial intelligence. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【解析】 【详解】句意：十年前看似不可能的事，如今在人工智能领域已成现实。此处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，指代事物，所以使用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。 24. Up to now, little attention ________ (pay) to the potential side effects of this newly developed drug, which worries many medical experts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been paid 【解析】 【详解】句意：到目前为止，人们几乎没有关注这种新药的潜在副作用，这让许多医学专家感到担忧。Up to now为现在完成时标志，attention与pay为被动关系，且attention为不可数名词，所以谓语动词为has been paid。 25. The museum ________ collection features over 2,000 artifacts will launch a special exhibition next month. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】句意：这座藏品有2000多件文物的博物馆将于下月举办一场特展。定语从句修饰先行词museum，在从句作定语，故用whose引导。 26. This newly developed cloth ________ (wash) easily and dries within minutes, making it ideal for outdoor sportswear. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】washes 【解析】 【详解】句意：这种新研发的布料易洗且几分钟内就能晾干，非常适合做户外运动服装。此处描述事物本身固有特性，用主动表被动，主语为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，所以谓语动词为washes。 27. I realized that the experiment ________ (conduct) under strict observation when all the lights went out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being conducted 【解析】 【详解】句意：所有灯光熄灭时，我意识到实验正在严格监视下被开展。此处为谓语动词，experiment与conduct为被动关系，根据句意，此处为“be doing…when…”结构，意为“一件事情正在进行的时候，突然另外一件事情发生”，结合谓语动词“went ”可知，此处使用过去进行时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was being conducted。 28. The majority of the residents strongly opposed ________ (pull) down the old theatre, as they considered it a significant part of the city's cultural heritage. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】pulling 【解析】 【详解】句意：大多数居民坚决反对拆除那座老剧院，因为他们认为它是这座城市文化遗产的重要组成部分。短语oppose doing sth.表示“反对做某事”，本空用动名词pulling作宾语。 29. The changes in the climate have led to a ________ (correspond) rise in temperature around the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】corresponding 【解析】 【详解】句意：气候的变化导致了全球气温相应的上升。此处需用形容词修饰名词rise，correspond的形容词形式为corresponding，表示“相应的、符合的”。 30. He hurried to the station in panic, only ________ (tell) the train had left. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be told 【解析】 【详解】句意：他惊慌失措地匆忙赶到车站，结果却被告知火车已经开走了。only to do为固定用法，表示“出乎意料的结果”，he和tell为被动关系，空处需填动词不定式的被动式to be told，作结果状语。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A We bring stories of adventure, world cultures and wild places to life in exhibitions and experiences that are designed to be shared with audiences of all ages. Bring National Geographic (NG) to your venue We offer high-quality traveling exhibitions to meet the needs of venues both small and large. Working with photographers, explorers, and other cooperators, we create exhibitions covering a wide range of topics to appeal to multiple audiences. To start the process, select your region to find exhibits available for booking. For venues in the continental United States, a printed and packed exhibition will be shipped to your location, ready to hang. For venues located outside of the United States, NG offers digitally delivered content packages. This option avoids international shipping fees by providing partners with a secure link to download their exhibition files and production guidelines for printing and mounting the exhibition. How to Host or Book Fill out the hosting form on any exhibition page. Or email us at exhibitions@ngs.org. A member of our traveling exhibitions team will respond within five business days. An NG representative will: ·Discuss your venue’s interest, outline fees and logistics (物流). ·Walk you through the process of selecting the right exhibition to meet your programmatic goals and space. ·Review the schedule to find out what is available during your desired time. ·Answer any additional questions you may have. Displayed here are the exhibitions available internationally. You can also find them in the downloadable international catalogue (目录). 31. How can venues beyond the United States receive the exhibits? A. By asking the NG staff to print out the copies. B. By picking them up at the NG partners’ offices. C. By waiting for packages shipped from overseas. D. By downloading digital files for local production. 32. What will an NG representative do after getting a hosting request? A. Travel abroad to mount the exhibition. B. Visit the venue and select an exhibition. C. Recommend photographers for the event. D. Provide details about fees and availability. 33. Who are probably target readers of the text? A. Staff managing public venues. B. Teachers planning study tours. C. Tourists interested in exhibitions. D. Students exploring world cultures. 【答案】31. D 32. D 33. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。短文主要介绍国家地理巡回展览的内容、交付方式及场馆预订展览的流程。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For venues located outside of the United States, NG offers digitally delivered content packages. This option avoids international shipping fees by providing partners with a secure link to download their exhibition files and production guidelines for printing and mounting the exhibition. (对于位于美国以外的场馆，国家地理提供数字交付的内容包。该方案通过向合作方提供一个安全链接，供其下载展览文件以及用于打印和布置展览的制作指南，从而避免了国际运输费用。)”可知，美国以外的场馆获取展览品的方式是通过下载数字文件供本地制作，故选D项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“An NG representative will”后的内容：“Discuss your venue’s interest, outline fees and logistics (物流). Walk you through the process of selecting the right exhibition to meet your programmatic goals and space. Review the schedule to find out what is available during your desired time. Answer any additional questions you may have. (讨论您场馆的需求，概述费用和物流事宜。指导您完成选择合适展览的流程，以满足您场馆的项目目标和空间需求。查看日程表，确定您期望的时间段内有哪些可预订的展览。解答您可能有的其他问题。)”可知，NG代表会提供费用和可预订展览的相关细节，故选D项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕国家地理向各类场馆提供巡回展览服务展开，内容涉及为不同规模场馆提供展览、针对不同地区场馆的交付方式、场馆预订流程等面向场馆方的信息。这些信息均是面向负责公共场馆运营与管理的工作人员，故选A项。 B As a kid, my identity was wrapped up in sports. I spent countless hours shooting hoops on my driveway, and then I got cut from the middle school basketball team, all three years. I spent a decade playing soccer, but I didn’t make the high school team. At that point, I shifted my focus to a new sport, diving. I was bad. I could hardly touch my toes without bending my knees, and I was afraid of heights. But I was determined. I stayed at the pool until it was dark, and my coach kicked me out of practice. I knew that the seeds of greatness are planted in the daily grind, and eventually, my hard work paid off. By my senior year, I made the All-American list, and I qualified for the Junior Olympic Nationals. I was obsessed with diving. It was more than something I did, it became who I was. But when I got to college, the sport I loved became something I started to fear. At that level, I could not beat more talented divers by outworking them. There was one question, though, that stopped me from rethinking. “If I’m not a diver, who am I?” In psychology, there’s a term for this kind of failure to rethink — it’s called “identity closure.” It’s when you settle prematurely (过早地) on a sense of who you are and close your mind to alternative selves. After my freshman year of college, I rethought my identity. I realized that diving was a passion, not a purpose. My values were to grow and excel. I didn’t have to be a diver to grow, excel and contribute. Instead of foreclosing on one identity, we’re better off trying on a range of possible selves. Retiring from diving freed me up to spend the summer doing psychology research and working as a diving coach. It also gave me time to concentrate on my silliest hobby, performing as a magician. Ever since then, I put an annual reminder in my calendar to rethink. It’s a checkup. Just as I go to the doctor for an annual checkup when nothing seems to be wrong, I can do the same thing in the important parts of my life. A career checkup to consider how my goals are shifting. A relationship checkup to re-examine my habits. 34. What made the author still decide to hold on when facing various challenges in sports? A. His pressure from his coach. B. His talent in sports. C. His obsession with diving. D. His definition of himself. 35. After the freshman year of college, the author decided to ________. A. embrace more possible selves B. outwork more talented divers C. give up diving-related things D. shift his focus to a new sport 36. According to the author, the retirement from diving was ________. A. thrilling B. distracting C. regrettable D. worthwhile 37. What can you learn from the passage? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Where there is a will, there is a way. C. Self-reflection is the key to self-improvement. D. Our value doesn’t lie in what we do, but who we are. 【答案】34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述作者从沉迷跳水到重新思考自我身份，学会接纳多元自我、定期反思，从而实现自我成长的经历。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的““If I’m not a diver, who am I?” In psychology, there’s a term for this kind of failure to rethink — it’s called “identity closure.” It’s when you settle prematurely (过早地) on a sense of who you are and close your mind to alternative selves. (“如果我不是跳水运动员，我是谁？”在心理学中，这种无法重新思考的状态有一个术语——叫作“身份封闭”。即你过早地确定自我认知，拒绝接受其他可能的自我。)”可知，作者在面对运动中的各种挑战时仍坚持下去，是因为他对自我身份的定义。故选D项。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Instead of foreclosing on one identity, we’re better off trying on a range of possible selves. (与其固守一种身份，不如尝试多种可能的自我。)”可知，大学大一结束后，作者决定接纳更多可能的自我。故选A项。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Retiring from diving freed me up to spend the summer doing psychology research and working as a diving coach. It also gave me time to concentrate on my silliest hobby, performing as a magician. (放弃跳水让我有时间在夏天做心理学研究、担任跳水教练，也让我有时间专注于我最傻气的爱好——当魔术师。)”可知，作者认为放弃跳水是值得的。故选D项。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Ever since then, I put an annual reminder in my calendar to rethink. It’s a checkup. Just as I go to the doctor for an annual checkup when nothing seems to be wrong, I can do the same thing in the important parts of my life. (从那以后，我每年都会在日历上提醒自己重新思考。这是一次检查。就像我身体没毛病时也会去看医生做年度体检一样，我也会在生活中的重要方面做同样的事。)”可知，文章告诉我们自我反思是自我提升的关键。故选C项。 C White Rabbit candy has not changed in 60 years. But some other things have changed. When a pop-up (快闪) shop in Shanghai began selling drinks flavored like White Rabbit candy, people queued for up to four hours for a cup priced at 20 yuan ($2.9). China’s nostalgia (怀旧) economy has reshaped how brands are marketed. However, the White Rabbit milk tea is itself a warning tale. Once customers reached the counter after four hours, many were disappointed. “It tastes just like any regular bubble tea (珍珠奶茶) out there,” one told reporters. Another posted: “It’s just exploiting the classic brand.” The comments point to the central weakness of the nostalgia economy. When heritage is used primarily as a good pricing reason, when nostalgic packaging is the product and what is inside is ordinary, consumers notice. The disappointment runs deeper than a normal commercial letdown, because something more personal has been involved. There are more risks. When nostalgic design becomes a recipe, the symbols stop carrying weight. And a nostalgia economy that speaks only to one generation’s memories is not building a shared culture. When the pop-up closes and the limited edition sells out, what remains? If the answer is nothing but the memory of a queue, the brand has wasted its heritage rather than grown it. The question facing China’s nostalgia economy is not whether there is a market for continuity but whether the industry will serve that market with depth or exploit it with shortcuts. Some of us grew up with White Rabbit candy. Others were born too late. But we are all looking for the same thing: a cultural identity with roots deep enough to hold, and a sense that what is being built today is worth remembering tomorrow. Nostalgia does not offer the past. It offers a reason to feel at home in the present. 38. Why does the author mention the customers’ comments about the drink? A. To imply the decline of the brand. B. To note the popularity of regular bubble tea. C. To criticize the high price of the drink. D. To show the trap of nostalgia-based selling. 39. What is the author’s suggestion for China’s nostalgia economy? A. Serving the market with shortcuts. B. Focusing on one generation’s memories. C. Using the past to root today’s culture. D. Copying the past exactly as it once was. 40. What is the best title for the text? A. Nostalgia marketing puts heritage at risk. B. White Rabbit candy remains unchanged. C. Nostalgia economy saves brand heritage. D. White Rabbit milk tea fails to satisfy fans. 【答案】38. D 39. C 40. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讨论了中国的怀旧经济，以大白兔奶茶为例，指出怀旧营销存在的问题，并给出了相关建议。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The comments point to the central weakness of the nostalgia economy. When heritage is used primarily as a good pricing reason, when nostalgic packaging is the product and what is inside is ordinary, consumers notice.(这些评论指出了怀旧经济的核心弱点。当遗产主要被用作一个好的定价理由，当怀旧的包装就是产品，而里面是普通的东西时，消费者会注意到。)”可知，作者提到顾客对饮料的评论是为了展示基于怀旧的销售的陷阱。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But we are all looking for the same thing: a cultural identity with roots deep enough to hold, and a sense that what is being built today is worth remembering tomorrow. Nostalgia does not offer the past. It offers a reason to feel at home in the present.(但我们都在寻找同样的东西：一种有足够深厚根基的文化认同，以及一种今天所建的东西值得明天铭记的感觉。怀旧并不能提供过去。它提供了一个让我们在现在感到自在的理由。)”可知，作者对中国怀旧经济的建议是用过去来扎根今天的文化。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“China’s nostalgia (怀旧) economy has reshaped how brands are marketed.(中国的怀旧经济重塑了品牌的营销方式。)”，第三段“The comments point to the central weakness of the nostalgia economy.(这些评论指出了怀旧经济的主要弱点。)”，第四段“There are more risks. When nostalgic design becomes a recipe, the symbols stop carrying weight. And a nostalgia economy that speaks only to one generation's memories is not building a shared culture.(还有更多的风险。当怀旧设计成为一种模式时，符号就不再具有分量。而只诉诸一代人记忆的怀旧经济并不能建立一种共享的文化。)”和最后一段“The question facing China's nostalgia economy is not whether there is a market for continuity but whether the industry will serve that market with depth or exploit it with shortcuts.(中国怀旧经济面临的问题不是是否存在连续性的市场，而是该行业是否会深度服务这个市场，还是利用捷径来剥削这个市场。)”可知，本文主要讨论了中国的怀旧经济，指出怀旧营销存在的问题，即怀旧营销使遗产面临风险。 D Since Francis Galton coined the phrase “nature vs nurture (环境因素)” 150 years ago, the debate about what makes us who we are has dominated the human sciences. Today, however, a new scientific field is set to reshape the debate — not by declaring victory for one side or the other, nor even by calling a tie, but rather by revealing they were never in opposition in the first place. Through this new perspective, nature and nurture are not even entirely distinguishable, because genes and environment don’t operate in isolation; they influence each other and to a very real degree even create each other. The new field is called sociogenomics, an integration of behavioral science and genetics. Despite being a relatively new area of study, it has the potential to rewrite a great deal of what we think we know about who we are and how we got that way. Genes don’t affect who we become just on their own, inside our bodies — they work, in part, by shaping the environments we look for or produce. At other times, the nature-nurture feedback circle may be more pernicious. It’s no surprise that terrible setbacks — the loss of a job, the end of a marriage — can cause people to fall into depression. I was astonished to learn, however, that people with a high genetic tendency for depression are more likely to encounter these setbacks, which in turn contribute to their depression. That’s not to say that any of it is their fault, just that the way we’re supported and the world we pilot are closely linked. Here is the part of this research that really blows me away. The research suggests that your partner’s genes influence your likelihood of depression almost a third as much as your own genes do. It also shows when a small number of students with a genetic tendency to smoke are present in a high school, smoking rates can rise rapidly across an entire grade — even among those students who didn’t personally know those classmates. Genes alone aren’t enough to determine these outcomes and neither is environment. Nature and nurture both shape each other, with nature influencing the way we experience nurture and nurture influencing the way our nature expresses itself. The more opportunities and information the environment provides — the more varied environments become — the greater the influence that genetic variation has in sorting us into different categories. Nature and nurture aren’t separate forces — they’re endlessly circling back on each other. 41. Prior to the emergence of sociogenomics, it was widely believed that ________. A. genes and environment functioned separately B. there was no clear line between nature and nurture C. environment shaped our perception of who we are D. nature mattered more than nurture for personal growth 42. The underlined word “pernicious” (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to “________”. A. disastrous B. generative C. pointless D. questionable 43. It can be inferred that the research shocked the writer by suggesting that ________. A. our genes may change because of the people we live with B. nature determines our behaviour just as much as nurture does C. people with the same genes are more likely to interact with each other D. the genes of people around us can affect the environment we experience 44. Which of the following pictures correctly illustrates how nature and nurture make us who we are? A. B. C. D. 【答案】41. A 42. A 43. D 44. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了社会基因组学这一新兴科学领域对传统“先天vs环境因素”辩论的重新定义，揭示了基因与环境之间相互影响、相互塑造的复杂关系。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Since Francis Galton coined the phrase “nature vs nurture (环境因素)” 150 years ago, the debate about what makes us who we are has dominated the human sciences.(自150年前弗朗西斯·高尔顿提出“先天与环境因素”这一说法以来，关于什么塑造了我们的争论便一直主导着人文科学领域)”、第二段中“Today, however, a new scientific field is set to reshape the debate — not by declaring victory for one side or the other, nor even by calling a tie, but rather by revealing they were never in opposition in the first place.(然而，如今一个新的科学领域即将重塑这场争论——它不是通过宣布某一方获胜，甚至也不是宣告平局，而是揭示出它们从一开始就并非对立)”和第三段中“The new field is called sociogenomics, an integration of behavioral science and genetics.(这个新领域被称为社会基因组学，是行为科学与遗传学的交叉融合)”可知，在社会基因组学出现之前，人们普遍认为先天和环境因素是对立的，即基因和环境是分开作用的。故选A项。 【42题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“At other times, the nature-nurture feedback circle may be more pernicious. It’s no surprise that terrible setbacks — the loss of a job, the end of a marriage — can cause people to fall into depression. I was astonished to learn, however, that people with a high genetic tendency for depression are more likely to encounter these setbacks, which in turn contribute to their depression.(在其他时候，先天与环境因素的反馈循环可能更pernicious。失业、婚姻破裂等可怕的挫折会导致人们陷入抑郁，这并不奇怪。然而，我惊讶地发现，那些在基因上更容易患抑郁症的人，更有可能遭遇这些挫折，而这些挫折反过来又会加重他们的抑郁)”可推知，这种先天与环境因素的反馈循环更有害的，更具有破坏性。故划线词pernicious意为“有害的；破坏性的”，与A项“disastrous”意义相近。故选A项。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Here is the part of this research that really blows me away. The research suggests that your partner’s genes influence your likelihood of depression almost a third as much as your own genes do. It also shows when a small number of students with a genetic tendency to smoke are present in a high school, smoking rates can rise rapidly across an entire grade (这项研究中真正让我震惊的是这一部分。研究表明，伴侣的基因对你患抑郁症可能性的影响几乎达到你自己基因影响的三分之一。研究还表明，当高中有少数具有吸烟遗传倾向的学生时，整个年级的吸烟率会迅速上升)”可推知，这项研究让作者感到震惊的是，我们周围人的基因可以影响我们所处的环境。故选D项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Through this new perspective, nature and nurture are not even entirely distinguishable, because genes and environment don’t operate in isolation; they influence each other and to a very real degree even create each other.(从这个新的角度来看，先天和环境因素甚至不能完全区分，因为基因和环境并不是孤立地起作用的；它们相互影响，甚至在很大程度上相互创造)”、第六段中“Nature and nurture both shape each other, with nature influencing the way we experience nurture and nurture influencing the way our nature expresses itself. (先天与环境因素相互塑造，先天影响我们体验环境的方式，环境因素影响我们天性表达的方式)”和最后一段“Nature and nurture aren’t separate forces — they’re endlessly circling back on each other. (先天与环境因素并非两种分离的力量——它们无休止地相互循环)”可知，二者并非两种分离的力量，是相互影响，相互创造的关系。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How many times do you find yourself in a conversation with someone, waiting for the other person to stop talking so you can say what you want to say? ____45____ This common experience shows a lack of active listening, because you are only thinking about how you want to respond. Communication that leads to real human connection involves active listening and empathy. Active listening includes eye contact as well as verbal and non-verbal acknowledgments that you are listening. ____46____ Empathy involves reflection, validation and a genuine concern for how others are feeling. This combination of active listening and empathy — empathetic listening — can improve relationships of all kinds. ____47____ Being brave enough to share with another person is a vulnerable position to be in. Imagine sharing something sad with a friend: “I studied so hard for the math exam, but I still failed it.” Consider these two potential responses and how they would make you feel. “Oh well, I’m glad I’m not the one taking that exam. Want to hang out?” “That must be so hard. Thank you for sharing with me. I am here for you.” The first response might leave one feeling dismissed. Why do people respond like that? Perhaps the comment comes from a place of the listener being uncomfortable with hearing something that taps into their own fears or vulnerability. ____48____ The second response, however, might make one feel heard, seen and supported. It shows the listener heard what the other person was saying, understanding and expressing concern. So how do you know what to say or not to say when someone shares something difficult with you? Sometimes, the best thing to do is to sit and listen. Brene Brown, a renowned researcher in this field, says it best: “Empathy is a strange and powerful thing. There is no script. There is no right way or wrong way to do it. ____49____” A. Shifting the topic might bring comfort to the speaker. B. These include nodding, confirming, and clarifying questions. C. Just be empathetic and you’ll have thought-provoking conversations. D. It’s simply listening, withholding judgment, and emotionally connecting. E. Everyone wants to feel understood for speaking their thoughts and feelings. F. The listener may want to shut down the conversation and move to a safer space. G. You might even expect the other person to completely tune into what you are saying. 【答案】45. G 46. B 47. E 48. F 49. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了积极倾听与共情在沟通中的重要性，通过对比不同回应方式，说明共情倾听能让人感到被理解、被支持，并阐释了共情倾听的核心内涵。 【45题详解】 根据上文“How many times do you find yourself in a conversation with someone, waiting for the other person to stop talking so you can say what you want to say?(你有多少次在和别人交谈时，等着对方停下，好让你说出自己想说的话？)”可知，前文描述了一种常见的无效沟通场景，说明自己想说话，希望对方听，空处需要进一步补充这种心态。G选项(你甚至可能期待对方完全专注倾听你要说的内容。)承接上文的内心想法，与后文“只想着如何回应”形成呼应，符合语境。故选G项。 【46题详解】 根据上文“Active listening includes eye contact as well as verbal and non-verbal acknowledgments that you are listening.(积极倾听包括眼神交流，以及表明你在倾听的语言和非语言反馈。)”可知，前文介绍积极倾听的表现，空处需要具体举例说明。B选项(这些包括点头、确认以及提出澄清问题。)具体列举了积极倾听的行为表现，对上文进行解释说明，符合语境。故选B项。 【47题详解】 根据下文“Being brave enough to share with another person is a vulnerable position to be in.(有勇气向他人分享内心想法是一种脆弱的状态。)”可知，本段围绕“向他人倾诉”展开。E选项(每个人都希望在说出自己的想法和感受时被理解。)引出倾诉者的心理需求，总领本段内容，符合语境。故选E项。 【48题详解】 根据上文“Perhaps the comment comes from a place of the listener being uncomfortable with hearing something that taps into their own fears or vulnerability.(也许这种回应源于倾听者听到触及自身恐惧或脆弱的内容而感到不适。)”可知，前文分析了第一种敷衍回应的原因，空处需要进一步说明倾听者的心理。F选项(倾听者可能想结束这段对话，转向更安全的话题。)承接上文倾听者的不适心理，解释其转移话题的动机，符合语境。故选F项。 【49题详解】 根据上文“Empathy is a strange and powerful thing. There is no script. There is no right way or wrong way to do it.(共情是一种奇妙而强大的东西。它没有固定脚本，也没有所谓正确或错误的方式。)”可知，前文总结共情没有固定模式，空处需要点明共情的本质。D选项(它只是倾听、不做评判，并在情感上产生联结。)精准概括共情倾听的核心，与上文观点一致，符合语境。故选D项。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题：第50、51题各占2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 We all love to criticize, but unfortunately, we also hate being criticized. We freely post and comment on others, but feel annoyed at the way others assess us, both online and in person. The world seems unlikely to change anytime soon. Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. Criticism is defined as judgment of the merits (优点) and faults of something or someone in written or spoken form. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what concerns us here. What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage. The culture of criticism isn’t going away. The only way to flourish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is to adopt new habits of getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is to assume that criticism, even when it seems personal, is not actually about you personally. When we receive criticism, we make it personal in two ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks. If taking criticism is particularly hard for you, you are not alone. However, taking criticism badly is more embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off. 50. What will be the results of changing the way we give and take criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 51. What is the difference between constructive and destructive criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 53. What benefit(s) would you gain from learning to accept negative feedback? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】50. We will be less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback— even when it is negative. 51. Constructive criticism means to provide guidance so we can improve, while destructive criticism aims to cause hurt or damage. 52. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. They take criticism as a judgment on their abilities. 53. Learning to accept negative feedback can help us resist anger more easily and criticize more correctly. In addition, accepting negative feedback can help us put our shortcomings in perspective, correct our mistakes and improve ourselves. 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了批评对我们的影响及我们应如何正确地对待批评。 【50题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback— even when it is negative.(幸运的是，我们每个人都可以改变我们给予和接受批评的方式，这将使我们不太可能伤害别人，更抵制愤怒，并能更好地从反馈中获益——即使是消极的反馈)”可知，改变我们给予和接受批评的方式会使我们不太可能伤害别人，更抵制愤怒，并能更好地从反馈中获益——即使是消极的反馈。故答案为We will be less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. 【51题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage.(让我们烦恼的是负面的批评，即使是善意的所谓建设性的批评，也意味着提供指导，让我们提高。最糟糕的是破坏性的批评，它的目的是造成伤害或破坏)”可知，建设性的批评是指提供指导，使我们能够改进，而破坏性的批评旨在造成伤害或损害。故答案为Constructive criticism means to provide guidance so we can improve, while destructive criticism aims to cause hurt or damage. 【52题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段“Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks.(第二，我们倾向于认为批评是对我们天生能力的判断，而不是对我们的表现的判断。有趣的是，研究表明，即使是在年幼的孩子中，将批评视为对一个人能力的判断，也会导致自我价值降低、积极情绪降低、任务坚持度降低)”可推知，接受批评的孩子自我价值较低，因为他们把批评当成对自己能力的评判，而不是表现得判断。故答案为Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance./They take criticism as a judgment on their abilities. 【53题详解】 开放性试题。根据文章最后一段“If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off.(如果我们努力学习接受负面反馈，我们就会变得更好)”可知，学习接受负面反馈能帮助我们更容易抵制愤怒，同时更正确地进行批评。此外，接受负面反馈还能帮助我们正确地看待自己的不足，纠正错误并提高自己。故答案为Learning to accept negative feedback can help us resist anger more easily and criticize more correctly. In addition, accepting negative feedback can help us put our shortcomings in perspective, correct our mistakes and improve ourselves. 第二节（20分） 54. 假定你是红星中学高三学生李华，Teens杂志国际版开设“未来职业对话”专栏，邀请各国高中生分享对AI时代职业规划的见解。请你给该专栏编辑写一封英文书信，内容包括： 1. AI可能取代或创造哪些岗位； 2. 你认为高中生该如何应对变化。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Editor, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Editor, I’m writing to share my views on career planning in the AI era for your column. With the rapid development of AI, I believe repetitive and rule-based jobs, such as assembly line workers and data entry clerks, are likely to be replaced. However, AI will simultaneously create new opportunities in fields like AI maintenance, data analysis, and creative design. Facing these changes, we high school students should take active measures. Firstly, it is vital to cultivate critical thinking and creativity, which are unique human strengths that AI cannot easily replicate. Secondly, we must embrace lifelong learning to keep pace with technological advancements. Only by constantly upgrading our skills can we stay competitive in the future job market. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以红星中学高三学生李华的身份，给Teens杂志国际版“未来职业对话”专栏编辑写英文书信，分享对AI时代职业规划的见解，内容包括AI可能取代或创造的岗位，以及高中生应对变化的方法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 取代：replace → take the place of 观点：view → perspective 重要的：vital → crucial 培养：cultivate → foster 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：However, AI will simultaneously create new opportunities in fields like AI maintenance, data analysis, and creative design. 拓展句：However, AI will simultaneously create new opportunities in fields , which include AI maintenance, data analysis, and creative design. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, it is vital to cultivate critical thinking and creativity, which are unique human strengths that AI cannot easily replicate.（运用了“it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语”结构和which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Only by constantly upgrading our skills can we stay competitive in the future job market.（运用了“Only+介词短语”置于句首引出的部分倒装结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $