Unit8 Making a Difference SectionA(4a-4d)课件 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语课件聚焦现在完成时中for与since的用法差异及延续性动词运用，通过观看视频导入，结合4a对话实例辨析用法，搭建从情境感知到规则归纳的学习支架，帮助学生衔接已学时态知识。 其亮点在于融合志愿服务话题，渗透文化意识中的公益精神与社会责任感，通过4d小组访谈活动提升语言能力的综合运用。采用对比表格梳理延续性与非延续性动词转换，助力思维品质的逻辑判断，学生能在真实语境中精准运用语法，教师可依托清晰活动设计高效开展教学。

Unit 8 Making a Difference Section A What can we do to help? 4a-4d PART. 01 Learning Objectives 2 思维品质 学习能力 文化意识 语言能力 教学目标 掌握现在完成时中for与since的用法差异，熟练运用现在完成时描述持续的动作与状态，能完成句子改写、语篇填空与话题访谈交流。 了解中外志愿服务活动的常见形式，感受公益精神与社会责任感的跨文化共识，培养乐于助人、回馈社会的意识。 掌握现在完成时for与since用法辨析技巧，提升自主完成语法练习、小组访谈与信息分享的能力，养成归纳语法规则的习惯。 通过辨析for与since的用法逻辑，提升时间逻辑判断与语法运用的精准性，结合志愿服务话题形成对经历时长的条理化梳理与表达。 笔顺 教学重难点 掌握for（接时间段）与since（接时间点）的用法差异，熟练运用现在完成时描述持续动作。能用目标语法开展小组访谈与信息分享。 在真实语境中精准区分for与since，避免时态与介词混用。结合访谈话题，用现在完成时清晰、有条理地分享个人经历时长，完成课堂交流与展示。 01 02 PART. 02 Lead-in 5 Watch the video. PART. 03 4a — 4d (Grammar Focus) 7 4a Read the sentences. How are for and since used differently? Presentation Have you been to our animal shelter before? No, I haven’t. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time. Has she ever done volunteer work? Yes, she has. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August. How long have you been a volunteer? I have been a volunteer here for a few months. How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum? He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started. for后接一段时间；since后接时间点或从句。 现在完成时（2） 1. 现在完成时的用法 表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用，如“for +时间段”“since+时间点”，时间点可以是具体的时间、一般过去时的句子，也可以是“一段时间+ago”。 I have been a volunteer for two years. 我做志愿者已经两年了。 I have been a volunteer since 2024. 自从 2024 年起我就当了志愿者。 He has lived here since he was ten. 他从十岁起就住在这里。 She has worked here since three years ago. 三年前开始她就在这里工作了。 Presentation 注意：（1）for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。 He has taught English for 5 years. = He has taught English since five years ago. 他教英语五年了。 （2）对for与since引导的时间状语提问要用 how long。 —How long have you stayed here? ——你在这里待多久了？ —For three weeks. / Since last month. ——三周了。/ 从上个月开始就待在这了。 2. 句中谓语动词的特点 与表示延续的时间状语连用的谓语动词多是延续性动词或表示状态的短语。 I have been a volunteer for two years. 我做志愿者两年了。 I have known Rose since two years ago. 我认识罗斯两年了。 Presentation 3. 延续性动词与非延续性动词 （1）含义：延续性动词表示能够持续的动作，强调经过、经历，可以与表示延续的时间状语连用。非延续性动词表示不能持续的动作，强调行为的结果，不能与表示延续的时间状语连用。但在否定结构中，可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 They have waited here since an hour ago. 他们在这儿等一小时了。 I have left home for three days. I have been away from home for three days. I haven’t left here for a week. 我一周都没离开这儿了。 Presentation （2）用法 ① 常见的延续性动词有：learn, work, stand, know, walk, keep, wait, watch, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示延续的时间状语连用，如“for +时间段”“since +时间点”。 He has kept this storybook for half a month. 这本故事书他已经借了半个月。 ② 常见的非延续性动词有：open, die, close, begin, finish, arrive, leave, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如 two years ago，at 5 o’clock等。 Our class meeting began at half past two. 我们的班会两点半开始。 Presentation （3）部分非延续性动词（词组）和与之对应的延续性动词（词组） Presentation 非延续性动词（词组） 延续性动词（词组） 非延续性动词（词组） 延续性动词（词组） become be finish be over borrow keep open be open buy have close be closed leave be away from lose be lost fall asleep be asleep die be dead make friends be friends begin/start be on join be a member of / be in turn on/off be on/off come/go/arrive be in/at marry/get married be married put on wear fall ill be ill Practice 4b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and for or since. 1. This college student enjoys volunteering for the army. She ____________ (teach) English to the soldiers ________ three years. 2. I __________ (be) a member of the Red Cross for six years. I have made a lot of friends ________ I joined the organization. 3. Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer _______ two years now. _______ he started working there, he ___________ (help) many students. 4. The organization ___________ (train) over 6,000 volunteers ________ it began to offer classes three years ago. have been since have taught for for has helped has trained Since since Practice 将左边问句与右边答句配对 How long have you lived in this city? How long has your brother studied abroad? How long has he been a volunteer? How long has she kept the pet dog? How long have they studied art? He has studied there for 4 years. I’ve lived here for 12 years. She has kept it for two years. He has volunteered since last year. They have studied it for five years. Practice 完成句子 1. The Whites have lived in the city for about twenty years.（对画线部分提问） _______ _______ have the Whites lived in the city? 2. The meeting has been over for half an hour.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） — _______ the meeting _______ _______ for half an hour? — _______, it _______. 3. Peter and Julie have been married for two years.（改为同义句） Peter and Julie have been married _______ _______ _______ _______. 4. My pet cat died last year.（用since last year 改写句子） My pet cat _______ _______ _______ since last year. How long Has been over Yes has since two years ago has been dead 4c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Practice I love being a volunteer! I ____________ (work) with a sports organization for almost three years now. Since I started, I ___________ (help) out at over ten different sports events. I ___________ (make) many new friends and I _______ even _______ (meet) many famous athletes. For example, I _______ (meet) two national football players from Argentina last month. They were at a stadium for a charity match. The stadium ________ (be) so big that they ______ (get) lost. I gave them directions and they _________ (smile) and _________ (thank) me warmly. I am proud to be a volunteer. have worked have helped have made have met met smiled thanked was got 分担工作；帮忙做 4d Work in groups. Interview your groupmates using the questions below. Share the answers with the class. Production How long have you known your best friend / ...? had your favourite toy / ...? lived in your neighbourhood / ...? 4d Work in groups. Interview your groupmates using the questions below. Share the answers with the class. Production —How long have you known your best friend? —I have known my best friend for five years. —How long have you had your favourite toy? —I have had my favourite toy for six months. —How long have you lived in your neighbourhood? —I have lived in this neighbourhood since 2023. PART. 04 Language Points 20 1. Have you been to our animal shelter before? 你以前去过我们的动物收容所吗？ 辨析have/has been to, have/has gone to与have/has been in She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海。（现在她不在上海） She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。（现在她已在上海或在去上海的途中） She has been in Shanghai for half a year. 她在上海待了半年了。（在上海待了一段时间） 注意：当 have/has been 后面跟的是副词 here, there, home等时，to/in要省略。 have/has been to 去过某地 现在已经回来，不在那里了 have/has gone to 去了某地 现在还没有回来，可能在去的途中，也可能在目的地 have/has been in 待在某地 常和表示一段时间的状语连用 2. How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum? 他在博物馆做志愿者多久了？ 辨析work as, work on与work for My mother works as a teacher in a middle school. 我的妈妈在一所中学当老师。 He is working on a new science project for the school fair. 他正在为学校的科技展做一个新的项目。 My uncle works for a big computer company in Shanghai. 我的叔叔在上海的一家大型电脑公司工作。 work as 从事……工作 后接表示职业或身份的名词 work on 从事某项工作等，专注于某事 后接具体事物（项目、任务、问题等） work for 为某人/某组织工作，受雇于…… 通常后接雇主、公司、机构或人 PART. 05 Exercises 23 Exercise—用for或者since填空 1. Linda has been a doctor in UN Peacekeeping Forces ______ five years. 2. I have been a member of the Red Cross ______ six years. 3. I’ve made a lot of friends ______ I joined the organization. 4. Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer ______ two years now. 5. ______ he started working there, he has helped many students. 6. The organization has trained over 6,000 elderly people ______ it began to offer classes in 2023. 7. I have worked with a sports organization ______ almost three years now. 8. ______ I started, I have helped out at over ten different sports events. for for since for for since Since Since Exercise—用have been to, have been in和have gone to的适当形式填空 1. —I thought I saw you at the museum yesterday. —No, it wasn’t me. I ______ never ______ there. 2. The students ____________ the nature reserve alone and will return before dinner. 3. The Green family _____________ Canada. They won’t be back until next month. 4. Tom knows the city very well because he ___________ this city for over ten years. 5. We ____________ the mountain village for two weeks, and it’s time to head home. 6. My parents ____________ Beijing twice. They love the historic sites there very much. 7. Lucy _____ never _______ Xi’an. She plans to visit the Terracotta Army this summer holiday. have been have gone to have gone to has been in have been in have been to has      been to PART. 06 Summary 26 添加标题 ADD THE TITLE HERE 现在完成时 现在完成时的用法 句中谓语动词的特点 延续性动词与非延续性动词 for后接一段时间 since后接时间点或从句 PART. 07 Homework 28 Review what we learned today. Prepare for the next lesson. Homework THANKS See you next class! Lavf58.20.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 $