Unit8 词汇备课 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

本讲义聚焦人教版九上Unit 8的52个核心词汇及短语，涵盖体育术语（如pull-up, relay, shot put）、动词短语（如take the lead, catch up with）和语法结构（如neither...nor...），从基础词汇到复杂短语再到语法应用，构建由浅入深的学习支架，系统梳理词汇用法及关联。 该资料以语言能力培养为核心，通过词性转换、搭配解析及多样化练习题（如填空、同义替换）提升学生语言理解与表达能力。融入体育文化元素（如Olympic motto, reform and opening-up）渗透文化意识，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后借助详细解析帮助学生自主查漏补缺，培养思维品质与学习能力。

人教版九上unit 8词汇备课 1. pull-up · 词性：n. · 词义：引体向上 · 近义词：chin-up · 词性转换：无（动词短语为pull up，意为“停车；拔起”） · 常见搭配：do pull-ups (做引体向上) · 例句：He can do twenty pull-ups in a row. 翻译：他能连续做20个引体向上。 · 练习题： 1. 动词短语填空：The bus ______ (pull up) at the stop and picked up passengers. 答案：pulled up 解析：pull up在此意为“停车”。 2. 用pull-up填空：To build back muscles, you should practise ______ (pull-up) every day. 答案：pull-ups (复数) 解析：练习引体向上常用复数。 2. relay · 词性：n. · 词义：接力赛 · 近义词：relay race · 词性转换：relay (v. 转发；传达) · 常见搭配：relay race (接力赛), 4×100m relay (4×100米接力) · 例句：Our team won the gold medal in the 4×100m relay. 翻译：我们队赢得了4×100米接力赛的金牌。 · 练习题： 1. 动词形式填空：Please ______ (relay) this message to the other runners. 答案：relay 解析：relay作动词“传达”，原形或祈使句。 2. 用relay作名词填空：He ran the third leg of the ______. 答案：relay 解析：名词接力赛。 3. shot put · 词性：n. · 词义：推铅球 · 近义词：putting the shot · 常见搭配：shot putter (n. 铅球运动员) · 例句：She holds the school record in the shot put. 翻译：她保持着学校的铅球纪录。 · 练习题： 1. 人物名词填空：The young ______ (shot put) won the national championship. 答案：shot putter 解析：铅球运动员。 2. 用shot put填空：The ______ is a track and field event that requires strength and technique. 答案：shot put 解析：名词作主语。 4. boxing · 词性：n. · 词义：拳击（运动） · 近义词：pugilism · 词性转换：box (v. 拳击), boxer (n. 拳击手) · 常见搭配：boxing match (拳击比赛), boxing gloves (拳击手套) · 例句：Boxing is a popular sport in many countries. 翻译：拳击在许多国家是一项受欢迎的运动。 · 练习题： 1. 动词形式填空：He has been ______ (box) for five years. 答案：boxing (现在分词) 或 boxed (过去分词)，根据语境：He has been boxing... 解析：现在分词作动名词。 2. 人物名词填空：Muhammad Ali was a great ______ (box). 答案：boxer 解析：拳击手。 5. competition · 词性：n. · 词义：比赛；竞赛 · 近义词：contest, match, tournament · 反义词：cooperation · 词性转换：compete (v.), competitor (n.), competitive (adj.) · 常见搭配：fierce competition (激烈的竞争), enter a competition (参加比赛) · 例句：She won first prize in a national competition. 翻译：她在一次全国竞赛中获得了一等奖。 · 练习题： 1. 动词形式填空：Over 500 athletes will ______ (competition) in the games. 答案：compete 解析：compete in the games。 2. 形容词形式填空：The market is highly ______ (competition). 答案：competitive 解析：competitive“竞争激烈的”。 6. tryout · 词性：n. · 词义：预赛；选拔赛 · 近义词：qualifier, audition · 词性转换：try out (动词短语) · 常见搭配：basketball tryouts (篮球选拔赛), college tryout (大学选拔) · 例句：He went to the football tryouts but didn't make the team. 翻译：他参加了足球选拔赛，但没有入选。 · 练习题： 1. 动词短语填空：I want to ______ (tryout) for the school volleyball team. 答案：try out 解析：try out for“参加……选拔”。 2. 用tryout填空：The ______ (tryout) will be held next Friday. 答案：tryouts (常用复数) 或 tryout 解析：选拔赛。 7. handoff · 词性：n. · 词义：接力棒交接 · 近义词：baton exchange · 词性转换：hand off (动词短语) · 常见搭配：smooth handoff (顺利交接) · 例句：A perfect handoff can decide the winner of a relay race. 翻译：完美的接力棒交接能决定接力赛的胜负。 · 练习题： 1. 动词短语填空：The runner ______ (hand off) the baton to his teammate. 答案：handed off 解析：hand off“交接”。 2. 用handoff填空：Practice the ______ (handoff) repeatedly to avoid dropping the baton. 答案：handoff 解析：名词直接填空。 8. baton · 词性：n. · 词义：接力棒 · 近义词：stick, wand · 常见搭配：pass the baton (传递接力棒；比喻移交责任) · 例句：The runner dropped the baton during the race. 翻译：运动员在比赛中掉了接力棒。 · 练习题： 1. 介词填空：She passed the baton ______ her teammate. 答案：to 解析：pass sth to sb。 2. 用baton填空：In a relay race, each runner carries a ______. 答案：baton 解析：直接填空。 9. judge · 词性：n. / v. · 词义：裁判员；法官 / 判断；认定 · 近义词：referee, umpire (n.); evaluate, assess (v.) · 词性转换：judgment (n. 判断) · 常见搭配：judge a competition (评判比赛), as far as I can judge (据我判断) · 例句：The judge gave her a perfect score. 翻译：裁判给了她满分。 · 练习题： 1. 名词（判断力）填空：Good ______ (judge) is essential for a referee. 答案：judgment 解析：judgment“判断力”。 2. 动词过去式填空：The panel ______ (judge) him the winner. 答案：judged 解析：judge sb. + 宾补。 10. runner · 词性：n. · 词义：参加赛跑的人 · 近义词：sprinter, racer · 词性转换：run (v.), running (n./adj.) · 常见搭配：long-distance runner (长跑运动员), runner-up (亚军) · 例句：The runner broke the world record. 翻译：这位赛跑运动员打破了世界纪录。 · 练习题： 1. 动词形式填空：He ______ (runner) every morning before breakfast. 答案：runs 解析：run作动词，三单runs。 2. 形容词（跑步用的）填空：She bought new ______ (run) shoes. 答案：running 解析：running shoes“跑鞋”。 11. advertisement · 词性：n. · 词义：广告；启事（= ad） · 近义词：commercial, ad · 词性转换：advertise (v.), advertiser (n.) · 常见搭配：place an advertisement (刊登广告), job advertisement (招聘广告) · 例句：The company spent a lot of money on television advertisements. 翻译：公司花了很多钱在电视广告上。 · 练习题： 1. 动词形式填空：They ______ (advertisement) their new product on social media. 答案：advertised 解析：advertise“做广告”。 2. 人物名词填空：The ______ (advertisement) created a catchy slogan. 答案：advertiser 解析：广告商。 12. take the lead · 词组：动词短语 · 词义：带头（做某事）；领先 · 近义词：lead, be in front · 反义词：fall behind · 例句：Near the finish line, he took the lead and won the race. 翻译：接近终点线时，他取得了领先并赢得了比赛。 · 练习题： 1. 介词填空：Our team took the lead ______ the second half. 答案：in 解析：in the second half。 2. 用take the lead填空：She ______ (take the lead) in environmental protection. 答案：took the lead 解析：过去式。 13. smooth · 词性：adj. · 词义：顺利的；光滑的 · 近义词：flat, even (光滑的); seamless, trouble-free (顺利的) · 反义词：rough, bumpy · 词性转换：smoothly (adv.), smoothness (n.) · 常见搭配：smooth surface (光滑表面), smooth transition (平稳过渡) · 例句：The flight was smooth and comfortable. 翻译：飞行平稳舒适。 · 练习题： 1. 副词形式填空：The project went ______ (smooth) thanks to everyone's effort. 答案：smoothly 解析：修饰动词went。 2. 名词形式填空：The ______ (smooth) of the silk is amazing. 答案：smoothness 解析：名词“光滑度”。 14. make up ground on sb/sth · 词组：动词短语 · 词义：逼近正在向前的人或物；缩小差距 · 近义词：close the gap on · 反义词：fall behind · 例句：The second runner is making up ground on the leader. 翻译：第二名赛跑选手正在逼近领先者。 · 练习题： 1. 用make up ground on填空：The cyclist ______ (make up ground on) the leader in the final lap. 答案：made up ground on 解析：过去式。 2. 同义替换：The company is gradually closing the gap on its competitors. → The company is gradually ______ its competitors. 答案：making up ground on 解析：同义短语。 15. catch up with · 词组：动词短语 · 词义：赶上；追上（某人） · 近义词：draw level with, overtake · 反义词：fall behind · 例句：You go ahead, I'll catch up with you later. 翻译：你先走，我一会儿赶上你。 · 练习题： 1. 用catch up with填空：He started late but soon ______ (catch up with) the others. 答案：caught up with 解析：catch的过去式caught。 2. 改写句子：The police finally overtook the speeding car. → The police finally ______ the speeding car. 答案：caught up with 解析：同义替换。 16. figure · 词性：n. · 词义：(冰上动作的)花样；数字；人物 · 近义词：number (数字), shape (外形), person (人物) · 词性转换：figure (v. 认为；计算), figural (adj.) · 常见搭配：figure skating (花样滑冰), public figure (公众人物), figure out (弄清楚) · 例句：She is a famous figure in the world of sports. 翻译：她是体育界的著名人物。 · 练习题： 1. 动词短语填空：I can't ______ (figure) why he did that. 答案：figure out 解析：figure out“弄明白”。 2. 用figure作名词（数字）填空：Write the ______ (figure) in the blank. 答案：figure 解析：数字。 17. figure skating · 词组：n. · 词义：花样滑冰 · 近义词：ice skating (但花样特指) · 例句：Figure skating is one of the most popular winter sports. 翻译：花样滑冰是最受欢迎的冬季运动之一。 · 练习题： 1. 用figure skating填空：She started ______ (figure skate) at the age of five. 答案：figure skating 解析：动词短语figure skate的动名词。 2. 人物名词：A person who does figure skating is called a ______ skater. 答案：figure 解析：figure skater。 18. amaze · 词性：v. · 词义：使惊奇；使惊愕 · 近义词：astonish, surprise · 反义词：bore · 词性转换：amazing (adj.), amazed (adj.), amazement (n.) · 常见搭配：It amazes sb. that... (令某人惊讶的是……) · 例句：His skill on the ice amazed the audience. 翻译：他在冰上的技巧令观众惊叹。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词（令人惊奇的）填空：The view from the top was ______ (amaze). 答案：amazing 解析：修饰物用amazing。 2. 名词形式填空：To everyone's ______ (amaze), he finished the race first. 答案：amazement 解析：to one's amazement“令某人惊讶的是”。 19. strength · 词性：n. · 词义：力量；体力 · 近义词：power, might · 反义词：weakness · 词性转换：strong (adj.), strengthen (v.) · 常见搭配：physical strength (体力), build up strength (增强力量) · 例句：He doesn't have the strength to lift that weight. 翻译：他没有力气举起那个重量。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词形式填空：She is a ______ (strength) and determined athlete. 答案：strong 解析：strong形容词。 2. 动词形式填空：Regular exercise helps ______ (strength) your muscles. 答案：strengthen 解析：strengthen“增强”。 20. truly · 词性：adv. · 词义：真正地；诚恳地 · 近义词：really, genuinely · 反义词：falsely · 词性转换：true (adj.), truth (n.) · 常见搭配：truly amazing (确实惊人), Yours truly (谨启，书信结尾) · 例句：I am truly grateful for your help. 翻译：我真诚地感谢你的帮助。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词形式填空：Is it ______ (truly) that he won the gold medal? 答案：true 解析：It is true that... 2. 名词形式填空：Tell me the ______ (truly). 答案：truth 解析：truth“真相”。 21. anyway · 词性：adv. · 词义：无论如何；不管怎样 · 近义词：anyhow, regardless · 常见搭配：It doesn't matter anyway (反正没关系) · 例句：It's raining, but we'll go to the match anyway. 翻译：天在下雨，但无论如何我们都要去比赛。 · 练习题： 1. 同义替换：I don't have time, but I'll help you anyhow. → I don't have time, but I'll help you ______. 答案：anyway 解析：同义副词。 2. 用anyway填空：The test is difficult, but ______, you should try your best. 答案：anyway 解析：句首或句中。 22. ceremony · 词性：n. · 词义：典礼；仪式 · 近义词：ritual, rite · 词性转换：ceremonial (adj./n.) · 常见搭配：opening ceremony (开幕式), award ceremony (颁奖典礼) · 例句：The Olympic opening ceremony was spectacular. 翻译：奥运会开幕式非常壮观。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词形式填空：The ______ (ceremony) dress was very traditional. 答案：ceremonial 解析：ceremonial“仪式的”。 2. 复数形式填空：Several ______ (ceremony) will be held this week. 答案：ceremonies 解析：y变i加es。 23. neither · 词性：conj. & pron. · 词义：两者皆非；两者都不 · 近义词：nor (配合使用) · 反义词：both · 常见搭配：neither A nor B (既不A也不B) · 例句：Neither of the two runners finished the race. 翻译：两名赛跑选手都没有完成比赛。 · 练习题： 1. 用neither...nor...填空：______ he ______ his teammate was able to break the record. 答案：Neither; nor 解析：neither...nor...连接并列主语。 2. 改错：Neither Tom or Jerry likes boxing. 改错为：Neither Tom ______ Jerry likes boxing. 答案：nor 解析：neither...nor...固定搭配。 24. nor · 词性：conj. & adv. · 词义：也不 · 近义词：neither · 反义词：or · 例句：He can't run fast, nor can he jump high. 翻译：他跑不快，也跳不高。 · 练习题： 1. 倒装填空：She doesn't like swimming. ______ (nor) does her brother. 答案：Nor 解析：Nor置于句首引起倒装。 2. 用nor连接：He didn't show up, and his friend didn't show up either. → He didn't show up, ______ did his friend. 答案：nor 解析：nor did his friend。 25. neither ... nor ... · 词组：连词短语 · 词义：既不……也不…… · 注意：连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则 · 例句：Neither the coach nor the players were satisfied with the result. 翻译：教练和运动员都对结果不满意。 · 练习题： 1. 谓语填空：Neither the judge nor the spectators ______ (be) happy with the decision. 答案：were (或was，就近原则：spectators是复数，用were) 解析：就近原则，靠近nor的主语spectators是复数。 2. 改写：The shot putter didn't win, and he didn't set a record. → ______ the shot putter win ______ set a record. 答案：Neither did; nor 解析：Neither did he win, nor did he set a record. 注意倒装。 26. try out · 词组：动词短语 · 词义：参加选拔；试用 · 近义词：audition, test · 搭配：try out for (参加……选拔) · 例句：I'm going to try out for the basketball team. 翻译：我打算参加篮球队的选拔。 · 练习题： 1. 用try out填空：You can ______ the new software before buying it. 答案：try out 解析：try out“试用”。 2. 介词填空：She tried ______ for the school play. 答案：out 解析：try out for。 27. bouldering · 词性：n. · 词义：攀岩（特指抱石攀岩，无绳索） · 近义词：rock climbing (广义) · 词性转换：boulder (n. 巨石) · 常见搭配：indoor bouldering (室内攀岩) · 例句：Bouldering requires strength, balance, and problem-solving skills. 翻译：攀岩需要力量、平衡和解决问题的能力。 · 练习题： 1. 名词（巨石）填空：They climbed over the huge ______ (boulder). 答案：boulder 解析：boulder“巨石”。 2. 用bouldering填空：______ is a popular sport among young people. 答案：Bouldering 解析：名词作主语。 28. compete · 词性：v. · 词义：参加比赛；竞争 · 近义词：contest, vie · 反义词：cooperate · 词性转换：competition (n.), competitor (n.), competitive (adj.) · 常见搭配：compete in (参加……比赛), compete with/against (与……竞争) · 例句：Athletes from over 200 countries competed in the Olympics. 翻译：来自200多个国家的运动员参加了奥运会。 · 练习题： 1. 名词形式填空：There is fierce ______ (compete) for the gold medal. 答案：competition 解析：competition。 2. 形容词形式填空：He is a very ______ (compete) player. 答案：competitive 解析：好胜的，有竞争力的。 29. mascot · 词性：n. · 词义：吉祥物 · 近义词：symbol, emblem · 常见搭配：Olympic mascot (奥运吉祥物), team mascot (球队吉祥物) · 例句：Bing Dwen Dwen was the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. 翻译：冰墩墩是2022年北京冬奥会的吉祥物。 · 练习题： 1. 复数形式填空：Many sports teams have ______ (mascot). 答案：mascots 解析：加s。 2. 用mascot填空：The ______ of the World Cup is often an animal character. 答案：mascot 解析：直接填空。 30. motto · 词性：n. · 词义：口号；格言 · 近义词：saying, slogan · 常见搭配：school motto (校训), Olympic motto (奥林匹克格言) · 例句：The Olympic motto is "Faster, Higher, Stronger – Together". 翻译：奥林匹克格言是“更快、更高、更强——更团结”。 · 练习题： 1. 复数形式填空：What are the ______ (motto) of the two teams? 答案：mottoes 或 mottos 解析：两种复数形式均可。 2. 用motto填空："Never give up" is his life ______. 答案：motto 解析：座右铭。 31. dramatic · 词性：adj. · 词义：激动人心的；出乎意料的；戏剧性的 · 近义词：exciting, striking, theatrical · 反义词：undramatic, ordinary · 词性转换：drama (n.), dramatically (adv.) · 常见搭配：dramatic change (戏剧性的变化), dramatic finish (激动人心的结局) · 例句：The race had a dramatic finish in the last second. 翻译：比赛在最后一秒出现了戏剧性的结局。 · 练习题： 1. 名词形式填空：She studied ______ (dramatic) at university. 答案：drama 解析：drama“戏剧”。 2. 副词形式填空：The weather has changed ______ (dramatic) in the last hour. 答案：dramatically 解析：副词修饰changed。 32. freestyle · 词性：n. · 词义：自由式体育比赛 · 近义词：freeform · 常见搭配：freestyle swimming (自由泳), freestyle skiing (自由式滑雪) · 例句：He won the gold medal in the 100m freestyle. 翻译：他赢得了100米自由泳金牌。 · 练习题： 1. 用freestyle填空：______ (freestyle) wrestling allows more moves than Greco-Roman. 答案：Freestyle 解析：自由式摔跤。 2. 介词填空：She is the world champion ______ freestyle skiing. 答案：in 解析：champion in/at。 33. talented · 词性：adj. · 词义：有才能的；天才的 · 近义词：gifted, brilliant · 反义词：untalented, average · 词性转换：talent (n.) · 常见搭配：talented musician (天才音乐家), be talented in (在……方面有天赋) · 例句：He is a talented young boxer. 翻译：他是一位有才华的年轻拳击手。 · 练习题： 1. 名词形式填空：She has a natural ______ (talented) for dancing. 答案：talent 解析：talent“天赋”。 2. 用talented填空：The ______ (talent) player scored three goals. 答案：talented 解析：形容词作定语。 34. in wonder · 词组：介词短语 · 词义：惊奇地 · 近义词：in amazement, in astonishment · 反义词：indifferently · 例句：The children watched the fireworks in wonder. 翻译：孩子们惊奇地看着烟花。 · 练习题： 1. 同义替换：He looked at the painting in amazement. → He looked at the painting ______. 答案：in wonder 解析：同义短语。 2. 用in wonder填空：She stared at the enormous stadium ______. 答案：in wonder 解析：介词短语作状语。 35. set a record · 词组：动词短语 · 词义：创造纪录 · 近义词：break a record (破纪录，但set是首次创造) · 例句：The swimmer set a new world record in the 200m freestyle. 翻译：这位游泳运动员创造了200米自由泳的新世界纪录。 · 练习题： 1. 用set a record填空：He ______ (set a record) in the shot put last year. 答案：set a record 解析：set的过去式还是set。 2. 改写：He broke the previous record. → He ______. (如果指首次创造则用set a record，但破纪录常用break。此处保留set a record不同义。设题：He became the first to achieve that time. → He ______. 答案：set a record 解析：创造纪录。 36. gold · 词性：n. / adj. · 词义：金；金牌；金色 / 金的；金色的 · 近义词：golden (adj.) · 词性转换：golden (adj. 金色的) · 常见搭配：gold medal (金牌), gold rush (淘金热) · 例句：She won gold in the 100m hurdles. 翻译：她赢得了100米栏的金牌。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词（金色）填空：Her ______ (gold) hair shone in the sun. 答案：golden 解析：golden hair“金色的头发”。 2. 用gold作名词填空：The team is hoping to take ______ (gold) at the Olympics. 答案：gold 解析：gold指金牌。 37. medal · 词性：n. · 词义：奖章；勋章 · 近义词：award, decoration · 词性转换：medalist (n. 奖牌获得者) · 常见搭配：win a medal (赢得奖牌), gold/silver/bronze medal (金/银/铜牌) · 例句：He finally won an Olympic medal after years of training. 翻译：经过多年训练，他终于赢得了一枚奥运奖牌。 · 练习题： 1. 人物名词填空：The Olympic ______ (medal) stood on the podium. 答案：medalist 解析：奖牌获得者。 2. 动词用法（获得奖牌）填空：She ______ (medal) in three events at the Games. 答案：medaled (美式) 或 medalled (英式) 解析：medal作动词“赢得奖牌”。 38. reform · 词性：n. · 词义：改革；变革 · 近义词：change, improvement · 反义词：stagnation · 词性转换：reform (v.), reformer (n.) · 常见搭配：economic reform (经济改革), education reform (教育改革) · 例句：The reform of the sports system has produced many young talents. 翻译：体育体制改革培养了许多年轻人才。 · 练习题： 1. 动词形式填空：The government plans to ______ (reform) the healthcare system. 答案：reform 解析：动词“改革”。 2. 人物名词填空：He is a famous social ______ (reform). 答案：reformer 解析：改革家。 39. reform and opening-up · 词组：专有名词 · 词义：改革开放 · 例句：Reform and opening-up has greatly improved China's sports industry. 翻译：改革开放极大地推动了中国体育产业。 · 练习题： 1. 翻译填空：______ (改革开放) is a great decision in China's history. 答案：Reform and opening-up 解析：专有名词。 2. 用该词组填空：Since ______, China has hosted many international sports events. 答案：reform and opening-up 解析：介词since后接名词短语。 40. worldwide · 词性：adj. / adv. · 词义：世界范围的 / 在全世界 · 近义词：global, international (adj.); globally (adv.) · 反义词：local · 词性转换：world (n.), wide (adj.) · 常见搭配：worldwide fame (世界声誉), travel worldwide (周游世界) · 例句：The Olympics are broadcast worldwide. 翻译：奥运会向全世界转播。 · 练习题： 1. 用worldwide作形容词填空：The singer gained ______ (worldwide) popularity. 答案：worldwide 解析：形容词修饰popularity。 2. 同义副词替换：The product is sold globally. → The product is sold ______. 答案：worldwide 解析：同义副词。 41. citizen · 词性：n. · 词义：市民；公民 · 近义词：resident, inhabitant · 反义词：alien, foreigner · 词性转换：citizenship (n. 公民身份) · 常见搭配：senior citizen (老年人), ordinary citizen (普通市民) · 例句：Every citizen has the right to vote. 翻译：每个公民都有投票权。 · 练习题： 1. 名词（公民身份）填空：He applied for Chinese ______ (citizen). 答案：citizenship 解析：公民身份。 2. 复数形式填空：The ______ (citizen) of the city welcomed the athletes. 答案：citizens 解析：复数加s。 42. pride · 词性：n. · 词义：自豪（感）；骄傲 · 近义词：self-respect, dignity · 反义词：shame, humility · 词性转换：proud (adj.), proudly (adv.) · 常见搭配：take pride in (为……感到自豪), pride oneself on (以……自豪) · 例句：He takes great pride in his country's sports achievements. 翻译：他为祖国的体育成就感到非常自豪。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词形式填空：She is ______ (pride) of her son's gold medal. 答案：proud 解析：be proud of。 2. 副词形式填空：The team walked ______ (pride) into the stadium. 答案：proudly 解析：副词修饰walked。 43. harmony · 词性：n. · 词义：和谐；和睦 · 近义词：balance, unity · 反义词：conflict, discord · 词性转换：harmonious (adj.), harmoniously (adv.) · 常见搭配：live in harmony (和睦相处), social harmony (社会和谐) · 例句：The Olympic Games promote harmony among nations. 翻译：奥运会促进国家间的和谐。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词形式填空：We live in a ______ (harmony) community. 答案：harmonious 解析：形容词“和谐的”。 2. 副词形式填空：The different groups worked ______ (harmony) together. 答案：harmoniously 解析：副词修饰worked。 44. deeply · 词性：adv. · 词义：非常；极其 · 近义词：profoundly, greatly · 反义词：slightly · 词性转换：deep (adj.), depth (n.) · 常见搭配：deeply moved (深深感动), deeply regret (深感遗憾) · 例句：I am deeply grateful for your support. 翻译：我深深感谢你的支持。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词形式填空：The river is very ______ (deeply) here. 答案：deep 解析：形容词作表语。 2. 名词形式填空：What is the ______ (deeply) of the swimming pool? 答案：depth 解析：depth“深度”。 45. high point · 词组：n. · 词义：最好（或最有意思）的部分；高潮 · 近义词：climax, highlight · 反义词：low point · 例句：The high point of the championship was the final match. 翻译：锦标赛的高潮是决赛。 · 练习题： 1. 同义替换：The highlight of the trip was visiting the stadium. → The ______ of the trip was visiting the stadium. 答案：high point 解析：同义短语。 2. 用high point填空：The ______ of the party was the magician's performance. 答案：high point 解析：直接填空。 46. master · 词性：n. / v. · 词义：能手 / 掌握；精通 · 近义词：expert (n.); acquire, grasp (v.) · 反义词：amateur, novice (n.); fail (v.) · 词性转换：mastery (n. 精通) · 常见搭配：master a skill (掌握一项技能), master’s degree (硕士学位) · 例句：It takes years to master a sport. 翻译：掌握一项运动需要多年时间。 · 练习题： 1. 名词（精通）填空：His ______ (master) of several languages is impressive. 答案：mastery 解析：mastery“精通”。 2. 用master作动词填空：She worked hard to ______ (master) the technique of shot put. 答案：master 解析：动词原形。 47. satisfy · 词性：v. · 词义：使（某人）满意 · 近义词：please, content · 反义词：disappoint, dissatisfy · 词性转换：satisfied (adj.), satisfying (adj.), satisfaction (n.), satisfactory (adj.) · 常见搭配：satisfy one's needs (满足需求), be satisfied with (对……满意) · 例句：His performance satisfied the demanding judges. 翻译：他的表现令要求严苛的裁判满意。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词（感到满意的）填空：She is ______ (satisfy) with her result. 答案：satisfied 解析：修饰人用satisfied。 2. 名词形式填空：The job gave him a lot of ______ (satisfy). 答案：satisfaction 解析：satisfaction“满足感”。 48. round · 词性：n. · 词义：比赛阶段；轮次 · 近义词：stage, heat (预赛) · 词性转换：round (adj. 圆形的) · 常见搭配：first round (第一轮), elimination round (淘汰赛) · 例句：He was knocked out in the third round of the boxing match. 翻译：他在拳击比赛的第三轮被淘汰。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词形式填空：The table has a ______ (round) surface. 答案：round 解析：形容词“圆形的”。 2. 用round作名词填空：The final ______ of the competition was very exciting. 答案：round 解析：名词“轮次”。 49. Greek · 词性：adj. / n. · 词义：希腊的；希腊人的 / 古希腊人；希腊人 · 近义词：Hellenic · 词性转换：Greece (n. 希腊) · 常见搭配：Greek mythology (希腊神话), ancient Greek (古希腊人/语) · 例句：The first Olympic Games were held in ancient Greece. 翻译：第一届奥运会在古希腊举行。 · 练习题： 1. 国家名词填空：He traveled to ______ (Greek) last summer. 答案：Greece 解析：Greece希腊。 2. 用Greek作形容词填空：______ (Greek) athletes competed in the original Olympics. 答案：Greek 解析：形容词修饰athletes。 50. Roman · 词性：adj. / n. · 词义：古罗马的；罗马的 / 罗马人；罗马字体 · 近义词：Latin · 词性转换：Rome (n. 罗马) · 常见搭配：Roman Empire (罗马帝国), Roman architecture (罗马建筑) · 例句：The Romans built many roads and stadiums. 翻译：罗马人修建了许多道路和体育场。 · 练习题： 1. 城市名词填空：All roads lead to ______ (Roman). 答案：Rome 解析：谚语“条条大路通罗马”。 2. 用Roman作名词（复数）填空：The ______ (Roman) were great engineers. 答案：Romans 解析：复数加s。 51. drown · 词性：v. · 词义：（使）淹死；（使）溺毙 · 近义词：suffocate in water · 反义词：save, rescue · 词性转换：drowning (adj./n.) · 常见搭配：drown out (淹没，盖过声音), drown one's sorrows (借酒消愁) · 例句：He fell into the river and drowned. 翻译：他掉进河里淹死了。 · 练习题： 1. 过去分词填空：The swimmer was ______ (drown) in the rough sea. 答案：drowned 解析：被动语态。 2. 短语填空：The music ______ (drown) out the noise of the crowd. 答案：drowned 解析：drown out“盖过”。 52. crowd · 词性：n. · 词义：人群；观众 · 近义词：audience, throng · 反义词：individual · 词性转换：crowded (adj.), crowd (v. 挤满) · 常见搭配：a crowd of people (一群人), follow the crowd (随大流) · 例句：The crowd cheered loudly when the champion appeared. 翻译：冠军出现时，人群大声欢呼。 · 练习题： 1. 形容词形式填空：The station was ______ (crowd) with passengers. 答案：crowded 解析：be crowded with“挤满”。 2. 动词形式填空：Fans ______ (crowd) around the famous athlete. 答案：crowded 解析：动词过去式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $