Unit 2 词汇备课 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语单元词汇清单系统梳理了人教版九上Unit 2的61个核心词汇，涵盖动词、名词、形容词及固定短语等知识范畴，搭建了从“音标词性认知”到“近反义对比”再到“语境应用练习”的递进式学习支架。 清单以“词性转换链”和“语境应用练习”构建完整知识体系，如“inspire→inspiring→inspiration”的转换训练培养语言能力，“admire”的近义词“respect”“look up to”对比题提升思维品质。每个词汇配备错题解析和分层次练习题，如“drop out”的名词“dropout”与动词短语辨析，支持学生自主巩固，教师可直接用于课堂检测，高效辅助教学。

人教版九上unit 2词汇备课 1. inspiring / n spa r / adj. 鼓舞人心的;激励的 近义词:motivating, encouraging 反义词:discouraging, depressing 词性转换:inspire v. 鼓舞;inspiration n. 鼓舞;鼓舞人心的人/事物 常见搭配:an inspiring speech / inspiring story 例句:His success is truly inspiring. 他的成功真鼓舞人心。 练习题: 1. His speech was so _ (inspire) that everyone cheered. 2. She draws _ (inspire) from her grandmother’s stories. 答案与解析: 1. inspiring —— 系动词was后缺形容词作表语,inspiring“鼓舞人心的”。 2. inspiration —— draw inspiration from“从……获得灵感”,名词。 2. admire / d ma (r)/ v. 钦佩;赞赏 近义词:respect, look up to 反义词:despise, scorn 词性转换:admiration n. 钦佩;admirable adj. 令人钦佩的 常见搭配:admire sb for sth 例句:I admire her for her courage. 我钦佩她的勇气。 练习题: 1. I have great _ (admire) for his bravery. 2. What an _ (admire) performance! 答案与解析: 1. admiration —— have admiration for“对……钦佩”,名词。 2. admirable —— 修饰名词performance用形容词,意为“令人钦佩的”。 3. historian /h st ri n/ n. 历史学家 近义词:historiographer 词性转换:history n. 历史;historical adj. 历史的 常见搭配:a famous historian 例句:The historian studied ancient kings. 这位历史学家研究了古代国王。 练习题: 1. She is a famous _ (history) who wrote many books. 2. The _ (history) event is still studied today. 答案与解析: 1. historian —— 主语指人,“历史学家”。 2. historical —— 形容词修饰event,意为“历史上的”。 4. researcher /r s t (r)/ n. 研究人员 近义词:investigator 词性转换:research v./n. 研究 常见搭配:a medical researcher 例句:Researchers are working on a new cure. 研究人员正在研发新疗法。 练习题: 1. They are doing _ (research) on a new medicine. 2. The _ (research) spent years in the lab. 答案与解析: 1. research —— do research“做研究”,不可数名词。 2. researcher —— 主语指人,“研究人员”。 5. chemist / kem st/ n. 化学家;药剂师 近义词:pharmacist (药剂师) 词性转换:chemistry n. 化学;chemical adj. 化学的 常见搭配:a famous chemist 例句:My aunt works as a chemist in a hospital. 我姑妈在医院当药剂师。 练习题: 1. She studies _ (chemical) at university. 2. The _ (chemistry) discovered a new element. 答案与解析: 1. chemistry —— study chemistry“学习化学”。 2. chemist —— 指人“化学家”。 6. physicist / f z s st/ n. 物理学家 词性转换:physics n. 物理;physical adj. 物理的;身体的 常见搭配:a theoretical physicist 例句:Einstein was a great physicist. 爱因斯坦是一位伟大的物理学家。 练习题: 1. _ (physics) is my favorite science subject. 2. The great _ (physics) won a Nobel Prize. 答案与解析: 1. Physics —— 学科首字母可大写,做主语。 2. physicist —— 指人“物理学家”。 7. hunger / h (r)/ n. 饥饿 近义词:starvation 反义词:fullness 词性转换:hungry adj. 饥饿的;hungrily adv. 常见搭配:die of hunger, hunger for (渴望) 例句:Thousands died of hunger. 数千人死于饥饿。 练习题: 1. The poor boy looked _ (hunger) and tired. 2. They died of _ (hungry) because of the famine. 答案与解析: 1. hungry —— looked后跟形容词作表语。 2. hunger —— die of hunger“死于饥饿”,名词。 8. chemistry / kem stri/ n. 化学 词性转换:chemist n. 化学家;chemical adj. 化学的 常见搭配:chemistry lab, study chemistry 例句:Chemistry is my favorite subject. 化学是我最喜爱的科目。 练习题: 1. A _ (chemistry) change happens when you burn paper. 2. The _ (chemistry) mixed the liquids carefully. 答案与解析: 1. chemical —— chemical change“化学变化”,形容词。 2. chemist —— 指人“化学家”。 9. drop out (of sth) 辍学;不再参加 近义词:quit, leave school 反义词:enroll, join 词性转换:dropout n. 辍学者 常见搭配:drop out of school / drop out of the race 例句:He dropped out of school at 14. 他14岁辍学。 练习题: 1. He was a high school _ (drop out). 2. Many students _ (drop out) of school because of poverty. 答案与解析: 1. dropout —— 名词,“辍学者”。 2. dropped out —— 动词短语过去时,“辍学”。 10. calendar / k l nd (r)/ n. 日历 近义词:almanac, schedule 常见搭配:lunar calendar, calendar year 例句:Check the calendar for the date. 查一下日历确认日期。 练习题: 1. The lunar _ (calendar) is used in many Asian cultures. 2. She marked the dates on her _ (calendar). 答案与解析: 1. calendar —— 名词,“农历”。 2. calendar —— 名词,“日历”。 11. discovery /d sk v ri/ n. 发现 近义词:finding, breakthrough 反义词:loss, concealment 词性转换:discover v. 发现;discoverer n. 发现者 常见搭配:make a discovery 例句:The discovery of penicillin changed medicine. 青霉素的发现改变了医学。 练习题: 1. Columbus _ (discovery) America in 1492. 2. The _ (discover) of DNA was a major event. 答案与解析: 1. discovered —— 动词过去式,“发现”。 2. discovery —— 名词作主语,“发现”。 12. century / sent ri/ n. 世纪 近义词:100 years 常见搭配:20th century, centuries ago 例句:The castle was built in the 15th century. 这座城堡建于15世纪。 练习题: 1. The 21st _ (century) began in 2001. 2. We have lived here for a _ (century) — actually, about 100 years. 答案与解析: 1. century —— 名词,“世纪”。 2. century —— 名词,“一个世纪”。 13. wounded / wu nd d/ adj. 受伤的;负伤的 近义词:injured, hurt 反义词:unhurt, healthy 词性转换:wound n./v. 伤口;使受伤 常见搭配:the wounded (伤员), wounded soldier 例句:He was wounded in the arm. 他手臂受了伤。 练习题: 1. The _ (wound) soldier was sent to the hospital. 2. He received a serious _ (wounded) in the leg. 答案与解析: 1. wounded —— 形容词,“受伤的”。 2. wound —— 名词,“伤口”。 14. soldier / s ld (r)/ n. 士兵 近义词:warrior, fighter 反义词:civilian 词性转换:soldierly adj. 像军人的 常见搭配:brave soldier, enemy soldier 例句:The soldier saved a child. 那名士兵救了一个孩子。 练习题: 1. He decided to become a _ (soldier) after graduation. 2. The general praised the _ (soldier) bravery. (注意:使用所有格或形容词形式) 用soldiers’ 或 soldierly。此题可改为:His _ (soldier) behavior was admired. 标准题: 1. Many young men became _ (soldier) during the war. 2. He showed great _ (soldier) spirit. 答案与解析: 1. soldiers —— 复数,“士兵们”。 2. soldierly —— 形容词,“军人般的”。 15. British / br t / adj. 英国的;英国人的 n. 英国人 近义词:UK, English (部分语境) 反义词:non-British 词性转换:Britain n. 英国 常见搭配:British people, British accent 例句:She speaks British English. 她说英式英语。 练习题: 1. The _ (British) are known for their politeness. (the + adj. 表示英国人) 2. She traveled to _ (British) last summer. (填写国名) 答案与解析: 1. British —— the British“英国人”,集体名词。 2. Britain —— 名词“英国”。 16. airway / e we / n. (飞机的)航线;航路 近义词:flight path, air route 常见搭配:commercial airway, airway map 例句:This airway connects Beijing and London. 这条航线连接北京和伦敦。 练习题: 1. The new _ (airway) has shortened travel time. 2. Pilots must follow the designated _ (airway). 答案与解析: 1. airway —— 名词,“航线”。 2. airway —— 名词,“航路”。 17. nation / ne n/ n. 国家;民族 近义词:country, state 词性转换:national adj. 国家的;international adj. 国际的 常见搭配:United Nations, across the nation 例句:The whole nation celebrated. 举国欢庆。 练习题: 1. The _ (nation) flag has three colors. 2. This is a _ (nation) problem, not just a local one. 答案与解析: 1. national —— 形容词,“国家的”。 2. national —— 形容词,“全国性的”。 18. spread /spred/ n. & v. (spread, spread) 传播;散布 近义词:diffuse, scatter 反义词:contain, gather 词性转换:无变化 常见搭配:spread news, spread disease, spread quickly 例句:The fire spread fast. 火势迅速蔓延。 练习题: 1. The news _ (spread) quickly through the town yesterday. 2. The _ (spread) of the virus worried everyone. 答案与解析: 1. spread —— 过去式与原形同, yesterday提示过去时。 2. spread —— 名词,“传播”。 19. disease /d zi z/ n. 疾病 近义词:illness, sickness 反义词:health 词性转换:diseased adj. 患病的 常见搭配:catch a disease, infectious disease 例句:Heart disease runs in his family. 心脏病是他的家族遗传病。 练习题: 1. The _ (disease) plants were removed by the gardener. 2. Many people died from this _ (disease). 答案与解析: 1. diseased —— 形容词,“患病的”。 2. disease —— 名词,“疾病”。 20. pioneer / pa n (r)/ n. 先驱;先锋 近义词:forerunner, trailblazer 反义词:follower 词性转换:pioneering adj. 开创性的 常见搭配:a pioneer of space travel 例句:She is a pioneer in cancer research. 她是癌症研究的先驱。 练习题: 1. He _ (pioneer) a new surgical technique. 2. Her _ (pioneer) work changed the field. 答案与解析: 1. pioneered —— 动词过去式,“开创”。 2. pioneering —— 形容词,“开创性的”。 21. admirable / dm r bl/ adj. 令人钦佩的 近义词:praiseworthy, worthy 反义词:despicable, shameful 词性转换:admire v.;admiration n. 常见搭配:admirable effort, admirable quality 例句:Your honesty is admirable. 你的诚实令人钦佩。 练习题: 1. I _ (admirable) your patience. (改为动词) 2. Her kindness earns everyone’s _ (admirable). 答案与解析: 1. admire —— 动词,“钦佩”。 2. admiration —— 名词,“钦佩”。 22. pyramid / p r m d/ n. 金字塔 词性转换:pyramidal adj. 金字塔形的 常见搭配:Egyptian pyramids, pyramid scheme (骗局) 例句:The Great Pyramid is a wonder. 大金字塔是一大奇迹。 练习题: 1. The ancient Egyptians built many _ (pyramid). 2. The shape of the mountain is almost _ (pyramid). 答案与解析: 1. pyramids —— 复数,“金字塔”。 2. pyramidal —— 形容词,“金字塔形的”。 23. balance / b l ns/ n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡 近义词:equilibrium, stability 反义词:imbalance, unbalance 词性转换:balanced adj. 平衡的 常见搭配:keep balance, lose balance, balanced diet 例句:It’s hard to balance on one foot. 单脚站立很难保持平衡。 练习题: 1. You need a _ (balance) diet to stay healthy. 2. He lost his _ (balance) and fell off the bike. 答案与解析: 1. balanced —— 形容词,“均衡的”。 2. balance —— 名词,“平衡”。 24. courage / k r d / n. 勇气;勇敢 近义词:bravery, nerve 反义词:cowardice, fear 词性转换:courageous adj. 勇敢的;encourage v. 鼓励 常见搭配:have the courage to do, take courage 例句:She showed great courage. 她表现出巨大的勇气。 练习题: 1. It was a _ (courage) decision to speak out. 2. My parents always _ (courage) me to try new things. 答案与解析: 1. courageous —— 形容词,“勇敢的”。 2. encourage —— 动词,“鼓励”。 25. wisdom / w zd m/ n. 智慧;学问 近义词:intelligence, insight 反义词:folly, stupidity 词性转换:wise adj. 明智的;wisely adv. 常见搭配:conventional wisdom, words of wisdom 例句:He is known for his wisdom. 他以智慧闻名。 练习题: 1. She is a _ (wisdom) woman who gives good advice. 2. You should spend your money _ (wisdom). 答案与解析: 1. wise —— 形容词,“明智的”。 2. wisely —— 副词,“明智地”。 26. look up to sb 钦佩;仰慕 近义词:admire, respect 反义词:look down on 常见搭配:look up to one’s parents 例句:Many young people look up to him. 许多年轻人仰慕他。 练习题: 1. Children often _ (look up to) their teachers. (改写为一般现在时,主语复数) They _ (look up to) their parents. 2. She is a role model that everyone _ (look up to). 答案与解析: 1. look up to —— 原形。 2. looks up to —— 主语everyone三单。 27. inspiration / nsp re n/ n. 鼓舞人心的人(或事物) 近义词:motivation, stimulus 反义词:discouragement 词性转换:inspire v.;inspiring adj. 常见搭配:draw inspiration from, be an inspiration to 例句:Her story is an inspiration to us all. 她的故事鼓舞了我们所有人。 练习题: 1. His speech _ (inspiration) the whole team. (填动词) 2. Her courage is truly _ (inspiration). 答案与解析: 1. inspired —— 动词过去式,“鼓舞”。 2. inspiring —— 形容词,“鼓舞人心的”。 28. brave /bre v/ adj. 勇敢的;无畏的 v. 勇敢面对;经受(困难) 近义词:courageous, fearless 反义词:cowardly, timid 词性转换:bravery n. 勇敢;bravely adv. 常见搭配:brave the storm, brave soldier 例句:He braved the danger to save the child. 他勇敢面对危险救了孩子。 练习题: 1. The firefighter acted _ (brave) to save the cat. 2. We admire his _ (brave) in the face of danger. 答案与解析: 1. bravely —— 副词,“勇敢地”。 2. bravery —— 名词,“勇敢”。 29. necessary / nes s ri/ adj. 必要的;必需的 近义词:essential, required 反义词:unnecessary, optional 词性转换:necessarily adv.;necessity n. 必要性 常见搭配:it is necessary to do, necessary condition 例句:Do what is necessary. 做必要的事。 练习题: 1. Sleep is _ (necessary) for good health. (填空原形) 2. You don’t _ (necessary) have to come early. 答案与解析: 1. necessary —— 形容词。 2. necessarily —— 副词,“必要地”。 30. seed /si d/ n. 种子 近义词:grain, kernel 词性转换:seedling n. 幼苗;seeded adj. 播种的 常见搭配:plant seeds, sunflower seeds 例句:Birds eat the seeds. 鸟吃种子。 练习题: 1. Farmers _ (seed) the fields in spring. 2. The plant grew from a tiny _ (seed). 答案与解析: 1. seed —— 动词,“播种”。 2. seed —— 名词,“种子”。 31. childhood / t a ldh d/ n. 童年 近义词:youth, boyhood/girlhood 反义词:adulthood 词性转换:child n. 孩子;childish adj. 常见搭配:early childhood, happy childhood 例句:I had a wonderful childhood. 我度过了一个美好的童年。 练习题: 1. She has a _ (child) face although she is 30. 2. Stop being so _ (child)! You are an adult. 答案与解析: 1. childish —— 形容词,“孩子气的”(中性或贬义)。 2. childish —— 此处也是“幼稚的”。 32. come true 实现;成为现实 近义词:become reality, materialize 反义词:fail, vanish 常见搭配:dreams come true, wish come true 例句:Her dream of being a doctor came true. 她当医生的梦想实现了。 练习题: 1. His prediction _ (come true) finally. 2. May all your wishes _ (come true). 答案与解析: 1. came true —— 过去时。 2. come true —— 原形(情态动词may后)。 33. dynasty / d n sti; da n sti/ n. 朝代;王朝 近义词:regime, ruling house 词性转换:dynastic adj. 常见搭配:Tang dynasty, Ming dynasty 例句:The Qing dynasty ended in 1912. 清朝于1912年结束。 练习题: 1. The _ (dynasty) history of China is long. 2. The Ming _ (dynasty) ruled for nearly 300 years. 答案与解析: 1. dynastic —— 形容词,“朝代的”。 2. dynasty —— 名词。 34. western / west n/ adj. 西方的;西部的 近义词:occidental 反义词:eastern, oriental 词性转换:west n. 西部;westerner n. 西方人 常见搭配:western culture, western part 例句:He likes western movies. 他喜欢西部片。 练习题: 1. The sun sets in the _ (western). (应填west) 2. Many _ (western) visit China every year. 答案与解析: 1. west —— 名词,“西方”。 2. westerners —— 复数,“西方人”。 35. scientific / sa n t f k/ adj. 科学(上)的 近义词:empirical, technical 反义词:unscientific, artistic 词性转换:science n. 科学;scientist n. 科学家 常见搭配:scientific research, scientific method 例句:We need a scientific explanation. 我们需要科学的解释。 练习题: 1. She wants to become a _ (science). 2. This theory is not _ (science) because it can’t be tested. 答案与解析: 1. scientist —— 名词,“科学家”。 2. scientific —— 形容词,“科学的”。 36. biologist /ba l d st/ n. 生物学家 近义词:life scientist 词性转换:biology n. 生物学;biological adj. 常见搭配:marine biologist 例句:The biologist studies animals. 这位生物学家研究动物。 练习题: 1. _ (biology) is the study of living things. 2. The _ (biology) discovered a new species. 答案与解析: 1. Biology —— 学科名词,“生物学”。 2. biologist —— 指人。 37. whole /h l/ adj. 所有的;完全的 近义词:entire, total 反义词:partial, part 词性转换:wholly adv. 常见搭配:the whole world, as a whole 例句:He ate the whole cake. 他吃了整个蛋糕。 练习题: 1. I _ (whole) agree with you. 2. She spent the _ (whole) day studying. 答案与解析: 1. wholly —— 副词,“完全地”。 2. whole —— 形容词,“整个的”。 38. bank /b k/ n. 银行;河岸 近义词:riverbank (河岸), financial institution 词性转换:banker n. 银行家 常见搭配:bank account, bank of the river 例句:I need to go to the bank. 我需要去银行。 练习题: 1. He works as a _ (bank) in the city. 2. The children played on the river _ (bank). 答案与解析: 1. banker —— 名词,“银行家”。 2. bank —— 名词,“河岸”。 39. forever /f r ev (r)/ adv. 永远 近义词:eternally, permanently 反义词:temporarily, never 常见搭配:live forever, forever friends 例句:I will love you forever. 我会永远爱你。 练习题: 1. Nothing lasts _ (forever). 2. They promised to be friends _ (forever). 答案与解析: 1. forever —— 副词。 2. forever —— 副词。 40. radio / re di / n. 无线电;收音机 近义词:wireless, receiver 反义词:television (部分对比) 词性转换:radio v. 用无线电发送 常见搭配:on the radio, radio station 例句:I listen to music on the radio. 我通过收音机听音乐。 练习题: 1. The captain _ (radio) for help. 2. I heard the news on the _ (radio). 答案与解析: 1. radioed —— 动词过去式,“用无线电发送”。 2. radio —— 名词,“收音机”。 41. leave behind 留下;遗留 近义词:abandon, forsake 反义词:take along, bring 常见搭配:leave behind a legacy 例句:Don’t leave your bag behind. 别落下你的包。 练习题: 1. He _ (leave behind) his wallet on the bus yesterday. 2. The old man _ (leave behind) a wonderful memory. 答案与解析: 1. left behind —— 过去时。 2. left behind —— 过去时。 42. collection /k lek n/ n. 收集物;收藏品 近义词:gathering, set 反义词:scattering 词性转换:collect v. 收集;collector n. 收藏家 常见搭配:art collection, stamp collection 例句:He has a large collection of coins. 他收藏了大量硬币。 练习题: 1. He _ (collection) stamps as a hobby. 2. She is an art _ (collection). 答案与解析: 1. collects —— 动词,“收集”。 2. collector —— 名词,“收藏家”。 43. live on 继续存在;继续活着 近义词:survive, persist 反义词:die out, perish 常见搭配:live on a memory, live on through 例句:His spirit lives on. 他的精神永存。 练习题: 1. His music will _ (live on) forever. 2. The tradition _ (live on) for centuries. 答案与解析: 1. live on —— 动词短语原形。 2. has lived on —— 完成时,表示持续。 44. hole /h l/ n. 洞;孔 近义词:opening, cavity 反义词:solid, closure 词性转换:holey adj. 多洞的 常见搭配:dig a hole, black hole 例句:There’s a hole in my sock. 我的袜子上有个洞。 练习题: 1. The cheese is old and _ (hole). 2. They dug a deep _ (hole) in the ground. 答案与解析: 1. holey —— 形容词,“多洞的”。 2. hole —— 名词。 45. daughter / d t (r)/ n. 女儿 近义词:girl, offspring 反义词:son 常见搭配:daughter of the king 例句:She has two daughters. 她有两个女儿。 练习题: 1. Their _ (daughter) is a doctor. 2. He treated her like a _ (daughter). 答案与解析: 1. daughter —— 单数。 2. daughter —— 名词。 46. herself /h self; h self/ pron. 她自己;她本人 反义词:himself 词性转换:反身代词 常见搭配:by herself, enjoy herself 例句:She made the dress herself. 她自己做了这条裙子。 练习题: 1. She looked at _ (her) in the mirror. 2. My sister taught _ (her) to play the guitar. 答案与解析: 1. herself —— 反身代词。 2. herself —— 反身代词。 47. flight /fla t/ n. 飞行;航班 近义词:journey by air, flying 反义词:landing 词性转换:fly v. 飞 常见搭配:book a flight, flight number 例句:Our flight was delayed. 我们的航班延误了。 练习题: 1. Birds can _ (flight) high in the sky. (填动词fly) 2. We took a direct _ (fly) to Paris. 答案与解析: 1. fly —— 动词。 2. flight —— 名词。 48. woodwork / w dw k/ n. 木工艺 近义词:carpentry 词性转换:woodworker n. 木工 常见搭配:do woodwork, woodwork class 例句:He is good at woodwork. 他擅长木工。 练习题: 1. He works as a _ (woodwork) in a furniture factory. 2. The _ (woodwork) on this door is beautiful. 答案与解析: 1. woodworker —— 名词,“木工”。 2. woodwork —— 名词,“木工艺”。 49. inventor / n vent (r)/ n. 发明家 近义词:creator, designer 反义词:user, imitator 词性转换:invent v. 发明;invention n. 发明 常见搭配:famous inventor 例句:Edison was a great inventor. 爱迪生是伟大的发明家。 练习题: 1. Who _ (invention) the telephone? 2. The _ (invent) of the wheel changed history. 答案与解析: 1. invented —— 动词过去式。 2. invention —— 名词,“发明”。 50. above all 最重要的是;尤其是 近义词:especially, most importantly 反义词:at least, lastly 常见搭配:above all else 例句:Above all, stay calm. 最重要的是保持冷静。 练习题: 1. He is kind, clever, and _ (above all) honest. (填空无需变形) 2. _ (above all), don’t be late. 答案与解析: 1. above all —— 固定短语。 2. Above all —— 句首大写。 51. thinker / k (r)/ n. 思想家 近义词:philosopher, intellectual 词性转换:think v. 思考;thought n. 思想 常见搭配:great thinker 例句:Confucius was a great thinker. 孔子是一位伟大的思想家。 练习题: 1. You need to _ (thinker) before you speak. 2. His _ (think) influenced many people. 答案与解析: 1. think —— 动词。 2. thought —— 名词,“思想”。 52. period / p ri d/ n. 时期;一段时间 近义词:era, time, age 词性转换:periodic adj. 周期的 常见搭配:a period of time, history period 例句:The project will last for a short period. 这个项目会持续很短一段时间。 练习题: 1. The _ (period) table is used in chemistry. (注意:periodic table) 2. The rain will be _ (period) throughout the day. 答案与解析: 1. periodic —— 形容词,“周期的”。 2. periodic —— 形容词,“间歇性的”。 53. kingdom / k d m/ n. 王国 近义词:realm, empire 反义词:republic 词性转换:king n. 国王 常见搭配:United Kingdom, animal kingdom 例句:The lion is king of the jungle kingdom. 狮子是丛林王国之王。 练习题: 1. The _ (king) ruled the kingdom for 50 years. 2. The United _ (king) is made up of four countries. 答案与解析: 1. king —— 名词,“国王”。 2. Kingdom —— 专有名词部分。 54. kindness / ka ndn s/ n. 善良 近义词:benevolence, goodwill 反义词:cruelty, malice 词性转换:kind adj. 善良的;kindly adv. 常见搭配:show kindness, act of kindness 例句:Thank you for your kindness. 谢谢你的好意。 练习题: 1. She is a _ (kindness) person. 2. Please treat others _ (kind). 答案与解析: 1. kind —— 形容词。 2. kindly —— 副词,“友善地”。 55. whether / we (r)/ conj. 是否 近义词:if (在部分宾语从句中) 常见搭配:whether…or not 例句:I wonder whether he will come. 我想知道他是否会来。 练习题: 1. I don’t know _ (whether) to go or stay. 2. _ (whether) he agrees or not, we will start. 答案与解析: 1. whether —— 连词。 2. Whether —— 句首大写。 56. mankind /m n ka nd/ n. 人类 近义词:humanity, humans 反义词:animals (部分对比) 常见搭配:the history of mankind 例句:Mankind faces many challenges. 人类面临许多挑战。 练习题: 1. This is a great achievement for _ (mankind). 2. _ (mankind) has always been curious about space. 答案与解析: 1. mankind —— 名词。 2. Mankind —— 句首大写。 57. Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖 专有名词,无近反义词 搭配:win the Nobel Prize, Nobel Peace Prize 例句:Marie Curie won two Nobel Prizes. 居里夫人获得了两项诺贝尔奖。 练习题: 1. She won the _ (Nobel Prize) in Literature. 2. The _ (Nobel Prize) are awarded every year in Stockholm. 答案与解析: 1. Nobel Prize —— 专有名词。 2. Nobel Prizes —— 复数,表示多个奖项。 58. Western Regions 西域 例句:Zhang Qian traveled to the Western Regions. 张骞出使西域。 练习题: 1. The _ (Western Regions) were important for trade. 2. Many goods came from the _ (Western Regions). 答案与解析: 1. Western Regions —— 专有名词。 2. Western Regions —— 专有名词。 59. the Silk Road 丝绸之路 专有名词,无近反义词 例句:The Silk Road connected East and West. 丝绸之路连接了东西方。 练习题: 1. _ (the Silk Road) was a network of trade routes. 2. People traveled along _ (the Silk Road) for centuries. 答案与解析: 1. The Silk Road —— 句首大写The。 2. the Silk Road —— 句中不大写the。 60. BCE /bi si i / (before the Common Era) 公元前 同义词:BC 反义词:CE / AD 例句:The event took place in 500 BCE. 该事件发生在公元前500年。 练习题: 1. Confucius was born in 551 _ (BCE). 2. The Roman Empire fell in 476 CE, not _ (BCE). 答案与解析: 1. BCE —— 公元前。 2. BCE —— 与CE对比。 61. the Warring States Period 战国时期 历史时期名词 例句:Many philosophers lived during the Warring States Period. 战国时期有许多哲学家。 练习题: 1. _ (the Warring States Period) ended in 221 BCE. 2. During the _ (Warring States Period), China was divided. 答案与解析: 1. The Warring States Period —— 句首大写The。 2. Warring States Period —— 句中定冠词可省或保留,根据习惯。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $