命题大赛 江苏扬州2025-2026学年高二英语下学期阶段测试（译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 3-4）

Sheet1 多维细目表 题号 题型 考查内容 能力层级 预估难度 主题语境 分值 来源 21-23 阅读理解 细节理解、推理判断 B2理解 0.7 人与社会 7.5 原创 24-27 阅读理解 细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意 B2理解/B3应用 0.68 人与自我 10 原创 28-31 阅读理解 细节理解、词义推断 B2理解 0.68 人与自然 10 原创 32-35 阅读理解 细节理解、态度判断 B2理解 0.7 人与社会 10 原创 36-40 七选五 语篇连贯、上下文逻辑 B3应用 0.65 人与自然 12.5 原创 41-55 完形填空 词汇辨析、语境理解 B3应用 0.62 人与社会 15 原创 56-65 语法填空 非谓语、时态语态、从句、词性转换 B2理解/B3应用 0.68 人与社会 15 原创 写作第一节 应用文 观点表达、呼吁号召 B4综合 0.7 人与自然 15 原创 写作第二节 读后续写 情节构建、情感升华 B4综合 0.65 人与自我 25 原创 试题说明： 本套试卷围绕译林版选择性必修三 Unit 3“Back to the Past”和 Unit 4“Protecting Our Heritage Sites”两大单元主题命制： Unit 3 主题词：history, exploration, archaeology, ancient civilizations, Silk Road, trade, cultural exchange, voyage, dynasty, discovery, evidence, preservation Unit 4 主题词：heritage, preservation, conservation, UNESCO, threats, climate change, overtourism, sustainable, protection, restoration 所有语篇均采用2025-2026年的最新英文资讯素材，原创试题占全卷总题数比例约为30% $ 【江苏扬州】高二英语下学期阶段测试 （译林版选择性必修第三册Units 3-4） (本试卷无听力 满分120分 考试用时90分钟) 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔记清楚。 3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。 4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。 5. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) （略） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Sunken Glimpse into the Past In 2024, a routine drone survey of Lake Neuchâtel in Switzerland uncovered the remains of a Roman cargo ship that sank roughly 2,000 years ago. More than 600 remarkably intact artifacts have been recovered—an unprecedented find in the Alpine region. Unlike typical wrecks where the wooden hull survives, this ship has long dissolved in fresh water. What remains is a concentrated collection of cargo and personal items: ceramic tableware, Spanish olive oil containers, bronze kitchen tools, and a preserved wicker basket. Most notably, archaeologists recovered two complete Roman swords and military equipment, including decorated bronze belt buckles. These military items offer a crucial clue. By analyzing the style of a bronze brooch known from Emperor Tiberius’s reign, combined with tree-ring dating of a wooden board found beneath stacked plates, researchers pinpointed the ship’s loss to 17 AD. The presence of legionary gear suggests soldiers were aboard, raising questions about their mission. Each artifact retrieved brings historians closer to understanding the final voyage of this merchant vessel. (From The History Blog, 2026) （原创）21. What makes the Lake Neuchâtel discovery particularly significant? A. It is the oldest Roman wreck ever found in Europe. B. The ship’s wooden structure remains perfectly preserved. C. Over 600 intact artifacts were recovered from an inland lake. D. It was discovered during a military training exercise. 22. How did researchers determine the approximate date of the wreck? A. By carbon-dating the Roman swords. B. By matching recovered coins with historical records. C. By combining brooch style analysis with tree-ring dating. D. By reading shipping logs found in a sealed container. 23. What can be inferred about the soldiers mentioned in the passage? A. They were permanently stationed in Switzerland. B. They were likely traveling on the merchant vessel. C. They were responsible for constructing Roman ships. D. Their equipment was less advanced than civilians’. B Reaching New Heights On March 3, 2026, freediver Alexey Molchanov slipped beneath the ice of Lake Baikal and descended 91 meters on a single breath. With surface temperatures at –23°C and only one entry hole cut through the ice, he set a new under-ice freediving world record. This achievement relied on meticulous preparation. “Training starts long before reaching the lake,” Molchanov explained. “It involves breath-hold drills, pool work, and practicing with a monofin to maximize efficiency.” He prioritizes building technical baselines in controlled environments before layering on cold adaptation. Equipment choices also matter. Under-ice diving requires thicker wetsuits, but Molchanov deliberately chose a 5mm suit over the standard 7mm to reduce water resistance, trusting his body to handle the cold. The strategy succeeded despite the immense physical toll. Thousands of miles away, Indian adventurer Anmish Varma faced his own extreme test. In January 2025, he summited Mount Sidley in Antarctica, completing the Seven Volcanic Summits in just 92 days—a Guinness World Record. He described the peak as the toughest due to its remoteness, treacherous weather, and the mental strain of knowing failure could mean days of isolation. Both explorers succeeded through disciplined preparation, mental resilience, and respect for their physical limits. “I wanted to prove that smart planning and determination can set global benchmarks,” Anmish said. “It’s also about inspiring young people to dream big, no matter how remote the goal.” From frozen lakes to Antarctic peaks, they remind us that pushing boundaries begins with one breath, one step at a time. 24. What distinguishes Molchanov’s training approach? A. He develops technique in controlled environments first. B. He practices exclusively in Lake Baikal year-round. C. He relies solely on mental preparation without physical conditioning. D. He avoids using specialized equipment to build endurance. 25. Why did Molchanov choose a 5mm wetsuit? A. To comply with competition safety rules. B. To reduce water resistance and improve efficiency. C. Because thicker suits were unavailable at the site. D. To test whether thin suits provide better insulation. 26. What does the underlined word “treacherous” in paragraph 4 most likely mean? A. Frequently visited by experienced climbers. B. Beautiful but rarely photographed. C. Dangerous and highly unpredictable. D. Protected by international treaties. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. The History of Extreme Sports B. Freediving vs. Mountain Climbing: Which Is Harder? C. Modern Explorers Pushing Human Limits D. Antarctica: The Final Frontier for Adventurers C Can Venice Be Saved From Its Own Success? In May 2026, UNESCO recommended adding Venice to its List of World Heritage in Danger, warning that climate change and mass tourism threaten “irreversible” damage to the city’s unique value. On peak days, tourist numbers exceed residents by nearly three to one. Cruise ships stir up sediment and weaken historic foundations, while day-trippers crowd iconic sites. In response, Venice launched Europe’s strictest visitor management system. Starting in 2026, entry fees apply on 60 peak-season days, ranging from €5 to €10 based on demand. Visitors must pre-register via a mobile app. Large cruise ships have been rerouted away from the historic center, and tour groups are capped at 40 people. Loudspeakers are also banned to reduce noise pollution. But are these measures enough? Critics argue that fees cannot solve the core issue: Venice is transforming from a living city into an open-air museum. Residential areas are converting into vacation rentals and souvenir shops, driving the population down from 175,000 after WWII to under 50,000 today. Without permanent residents, scholars warn, there is no city left to save—only a stage set for tourists. UNESCO acknowledges recent progress but notes a “lack of significant progress” and calls for a unified strategic vision. Italy has until September to present a sustainable management plan. Whether Venice can balance tourism revenue with heritage preservation—and whether locals will have a voice in that future—remains an open question. 28. According to UNESCO, what primarily threatens Venice’s heritage status? A. High housing costs driving out young families. B. A combination of climate impacts and overtourism. C. The government’s refusal to accept international guidelines. D. Structural failures in ancient drainage systems. 29. What visitor management measure has Venice implemented since 2026? A. A complete summer ban on international tourists. B. A mandatory entry fee on selected days, varying by demand. C. The construction of new bridges to disperse visitor flow. D. The relocation of all residents to the mainland. 30. What problem does banning loudspeakers aim to solve? A. It violates centuries-old noise ordinances. B. It prevents tourists from hearing natural sounds. C. It reduces constant background noise that harms the city’s atmosphere. D. It interferes with emergency communication systems. 31. What does “a stage set for tourists” in paragraph 3 imply? A. Venice hosts more theatrical performances than any Italian city. B. The city has become an artificial environment catering to visitors, not residents. C. Its architecture was originally designed for entertainment. D. Tourists must buy tickets to enter all major landmarks. D Preserving the Past: The Battle Over Taxila High in northern Pakistan, Taxila stands as one of South Asia’s most significant archaeological complexes. Founded over two millennia ago, this UNESCO site contains Buddhist monasteries, early Hindu shrines, and remnants of an ancient university. Its layered history offers an unparalleled window into regional urban civilization. Today, Taxila faces a threat not from nature, but from conservation itself. International experts have raised concerns over recent “restoration” work at key areas. Critics charge that cement—a material foreign to ancient construction—has been used to rebuild walls. Some original structures were reportedly demolished and reconstructed rather than stabilized, altering historical heights. The federal archaeology department calls this a serious violation of international norms, warning it could place Taxila on UNESCO’s “danger list” and damage Pakistan’s heritage credibility. Yet the provincial department defends its actions, arguing that decades of neglect, vegetation encroachment, and water damage made intervention unavoidable. “Preservation is not a purist exercise,” they state. “It requires pragmatic choices to save sites for future generations.” This debate highlights a global dilemma: Where should the line be drawn between preservation and reconstruction? Traditional charters favor minimal intervention, but modern realities—climate stress, mass tourism, and economic development—demand adaptive strategies. As UNESCO reviews whether to list Taxila as endangered, the outcome will shape conservation practices worldwide. The stones of Taxila have become unwilling participants in a vital conversation about authenticity, authority, and what it truly means to protect heritage in the 21st century. 32. Why was Taxila originally designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site? A. For its strategic military importance in ancient times. B. For its exceptional collection of cave paintings. C. For its layered civilizational history spanning over a millennium. D. For its well-preserved Roman-style architecture. 33. What practice at Taxila has drawn the strongest criticism? A. Opening the site to unauthorized commercial filming. B. Using cement to rebuild ancient walls instead of traditional materials. C. Removing all protective vegetation from the foundations. D. Allowing modern housing within the heritage boundaries. 34. How does the provincial department justify its restoration work? A. By denying that any structural changes occurred. B. By claiming cement was historically used by ancient builders. C. By arguing that inaction would have caused greater damage. D. By stating international norms do not apply to developing nations. 35. What is the author’s attitude toward the conservation debate? A. Strongly supportive of strict traditional preservation methods. B. Critical of both sides for lacking practical solutions. C. Objective, presenting it as a complex global dilemma requiring balance. D. Indifferent, believing heritage preservation is no longer relevant. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Be a Responsible Heritage Tourist Heritage sites around the world are under unprecedented pressure from mass tourism. While travel broadens our horizons, our very presence can accelerate the destruction of the places we come to admire. 36______ The following guidelines can help ensure your visit contributes to preservation rather than destruction. First, respect physical boundaries. Barriers and ropes are not arbitrary restrictions. They protect fragile surfaces from erosion caused by millions of footsteps. 37______ In Venice, visitor access fees and reservation systems now serve this very purpose—spreading visitor numbers across the day to prevent overcrowding. Second, leave no trace. The archaeological rule is simple: take nothing but photographs, leave nothing but footprints. Removing artifacts—even a small pebble from a ruin—is illegal at most World Heritage Sites. 38______ What seems like one harmless souvenir, multiplied by thousands of visitors, strips a site of its authentic context and deprives future generations of the experience you enjoyed. Third, be mindful of the impact of your technology. 39______ Flash photography can irreversibly damage ancient pigments and wall paintings. Tripods can obstruct pathways and accidentally strike fragile surfaces. Drones, increasingly popular for capturing aerial footage, are banned at many heritage sites because they disturb wildlife and, in some cases, can physically damage structures if crashed. Fourth, support local communities. Responsible tourism isn‘t just about protecting stones and artifacts; it’s about the people who live beside them. 40______ Avoid international hotel chains when locally-owned guesthouses are available. Eat at local restaurants and buy crafts directly from artisans. When heritage sites generate economic benefits for surrounding communities, residents become natural allies in their protection. Above all, remember that you are a guest—not only in the site itself but in the ongoing story of a place that existed long before your arrival and will remain long after you depart. A．Choose accommodations and guides that reinvest profits in local preservation efforts. B．Otherwise, your visit may unintentionally contribute to the very destruction you traveled to witness. C．Similarly, staying on designated paths prevents the gradual widening of trails that destroys surrounding vegetation. D．Many heritage sites now offer virtual tours for those who wish to explore without physical impact. E．The use of drones, flash photography, and tripods can be particularly harmful in enclosed or sensitive spaces. F．Purchasing souvenirs made from endangered species or ancient materials is strictly forbidden. G．Stick to marked paths and respect restricted areas to minimize your physical impact. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I never expected to dive into Lake Baikal. As an archive historian, I studied trade routes, not frozen lakes. Yet in 2025, I joined a marine team （原创）41______ a remarkable discovery: a 17th-century merchant ship resting on the lakebed. The wreck was first 42______ by a drone survey. “We knew wrecks existed here,” our leader said, his breath visible 43______ in the freezing air. “But freshwater preserves wood that would have 44______ centuries ago in salt water.” Diving demands strict preparation. Unlike clear tropical waters, Baikal offers poor visibility and extreme cold. Each dive is carefully 45______ weeks ahead, with backup systems ready. The artifacts told a 46______ story. Chinese porcelain, Siberian furs, and Russian coins lay frozen in time. “It’s a time capsule,” a colleague whispered. “47______, it carried goods from across the Silk Road at its peak.” Our 48______ find came last: a leather logbook, miraculously intact. 49______ its pages revealed cargo lists and a sailor’s letter home, hoping to attend his sister’s wedding. He never returned. As we 50______ the fragile documents to the lab, I reflected on the sailors behind them. The Silk Road is often 51______ as a grand trade route, but it’s truly a story of individuals driven by hope. The lake still 52______ countless secrets. Yet climate change is 53______ the ice cover, exposing wrecks to rapid decay. What took centuries to preserve could be 54______ in decades. “We’re racing against time,” our leader said. “We save history before it vanishes.” I arrived as a researcher; I left as an 55______ for its protection. 41. A. analyzing B. investigating C. ignoring D. promoting 42. A. destroyed B. created C. detected D. cleaned 43. A. faintly B. clearly C. rarely D. suddenly 44. A. strengthened B. repaired C. survived D. decayed 45. A. planned B. canceled C. delayed D. reported 46. A. confusing B. boring C. fascinating D. ordinary 47. A. In fact B. By accident C. On average D. In secret 48. A. depressing B. astonishing C. misleading D. forgettable 49. A. Playing with B. Turning through C. Ripping off D. Wrapping up 50. A. delivered B. threw C. donated D. sold 51. A. criticized B. forgotten C. described D. hidden 52. A. creates B. destroys C. holds D. ignores 53. A. thickening B. darkening C. thinning D. removing 54. A. lost B. found C. bought D. stolen 55. A. enemy B. opponent C. victim D. advocate 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Sino-Uzbek archaeological team has recently identified a remarkably preserved ancient city wall at the Kuva site in eastern Uzbekistan. 56______ (intend) to protect a vital commercial hub on the ancient Silk Road, the wall, constructed with mud bricks and rammed earth, served the region from the 3rd century BCE to the 10th century CE. The site, covering over 110,000 square meters , 57______ (visit) by the famous Han Dynasty envoy Zhang Qian over two thousand years ago, according to historical records. The official report, 58______ was announced at a major conference in January 2026, offers concrete evidence of early cross-cultural interactions. Careful excavations reveal the wall underwent several structural upgrades. The oldest section dates to the Parthian era, whereas the 59______ (late) reconstruction belongs to the Samanid period. These distinct layers highlight the settlement’s capacity to adapt to changing political landscapes. 60______ truly impresses scholars is the city’s uninterrupted vitality for nearly 1,300 years. Funded under the Belt and Road Initiative, this cooperation significantly enriches 61______ (we) knowledge of Eurasian history. Upcoming fieldwork will target the central palace ruins, which is expected to 62______ (strengthen) our understanding of ancient urban planning. Protecting this legacy demands sustained global partnership, 63______ (yield) a brand-new model that ultimately bridges historical preservation 64______ future development. Such collaborative efforts remind us that shared heritage belongs 65______ all of humanity. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华。你校历史社团正在举办以“Preserving Our Shared Heritage”（保护我们共同的遗产）为主题的中学生征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．文化遗产面临的威胁； 2．青少年如何参与遗产保护； 3．呼吁大家共同行动。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Preserving Our Shared Heritage ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Kai had always been the top student in his high school‘s archaeology club. While other members struggled to identify pottery sherds or interpret stratigraphic layers, he could recite the distinguishing features of every major Chinese dynasty’s ceramic traditions from memory. His dream, which he announced to anyone who would listen, was to discover a buried city—something that would make headlines and secure his place in archaeological history. When the club’s faculty advisor announced that an international team would visit their city to present findings from a major Silk Road excavation, Kai saw his opportunity. The visiting archaeologist, Dr. Elena Volkov from the Institute of Silk Road Studies, had spent fifteen years working at sites across Central Asia. Her public lecture at the city museum would be attended by local academics, university students, and members of the historical society. Kai spent three weeks preparing for the lecture‘s Q&A session. He read dozens of academic papers, memorized excavation dates, and rehearsed what he considered the perfect question—one that would demonstrate his superior knowledge while subtly pointing out what he believed to be a flaw in Dr. Volkov’s published chronology of a particular site. He imagined the audience‘s impressed murmurs, Dr. Volkov’s surprised acknowledgment, the local newspaper article about the brilliant young scholar who had challenged an expert. The night of the lecture arrived. The museum‘s auditorium was half-full, mostly with retirees and university students fulfilling course requirements. Dr. Volkov spoke passionately about the complexities of Silk Road trade networks, but Kai found himself growing impatient. When she finally opened the floor for questions, his hand shot up immediately. “Dr. Volkov,” he began, voice steady with rehearsed confidence, “in your 2023 paper on the Panjakent excavations, you concluded that Sogdian merchants had ceased using the northern route by the mid-8th century. However, the discovery of a Sogdian letter dated 762 CE at a northern outpost suggests otherwise. How do you respond to this contradiction?” A murmur rippled through the audience. Kai smiled, waiting for the acknowledgment he deserved. Dr. Volkov studied him for a long moment. Then she asked a question that stopped him cold. “That’s an excellent observation, young man. Tell me—have you actually seen the letter you‘re referring to, or only read about it in secondary sources?” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Kai hesitated. The truth was that he had only encountered the letter in a popular science article, not in the original publication. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Walking out of the museum that night, Kai felt no longer eager to prove himself. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【江苏扬州】高二英语下学期阶段测试（译林版选择性必修第三册Units 3-4） 参考答案与解析 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A篇（古罗马沉船） 21. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“More than 600 remarkably intact artifacts have been recovered—an unprecedented find in the Alpine region”可知，从内陆湖中打捞出超过600件完好文物是该发现的重要意义。 22. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“By analyzing the style of a bronze brooch... combined with tree-ring dating of a wooden board... researchers pinpointed the ship's loss to 17 AD”可知，确定年份是通过结合胸针风格分析和树木年轮分析两种方法。 23. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“The presence of legionary gear suggests soldiers were aboard”可知，士兵很可能在这艘商船上。 B篇（现代探险家） 24. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“He prioritizes building technical baselines in controlled environments before layering on cold adaptation”可知，他先在受控环境中培养技术基础，再进行冷适应训练。 25. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Molchanov deliberately chose a 5mm suit over the standard 7mm to reduce water resistance”可知，选择5mm潜水服是为了减少水中阻力。 26. C 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段对Mount Sidley的描述“remoteness, brutal weather, and the mental strain”可知，treacherous意为“危险的、难以预测的”。 27. C 【解析】主旨大意题。全文讲述两位现代探险家在不同极端环境中挑战人类耐力极限的故事，C项“Modern Explorers Pushing Human Limits”最准确概括。 C篇（威尼斯） 28. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“climate change and mass tourism threaten ‘irreversible’ damage”可知，气候变化和大众旅游是双重威胁。 29. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“entry fees apply on 60 peak-season days, ranging from €5 to €10 based on demand”可知，在指定日期收取按需浮动的门票是该措施的核心内容。 30. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Loudspeakers are also banned to reduce noise pollution”以及上下文对“constant background roar”的描述，可知禁用扩音器是为了减少持续的背景噪音，改善城市氛围。 31. B 【解析】词义推断题。“a stage set for tourists”暗示威尼斯变成了专为游客打造的舞台布景，失去了真实生活的城市本质，即一个迎合游客而非居民的人造环境。 D篇（塔克西拉） 32. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Its layered history... spans over a millennium... offers an unparalleled window”可知，跨越千年的分层文明历史是其入遗的核心原因。 33. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Critics charge that cement... has been used to rebuild walls”可知，使用水泥重建古墙是最受批评的做法。 34. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“decades of neglect... made intervention unavoidable... doing nothing was not an option”可知，省级部门的辩护理由是“不采取行动将造成更大损害”。 35. C 【解析】态度判断题。作者客观呈现了联邦与省级部门双方的观点，并在最后一段指出这是一个全球性困境，态度客观中立。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 36. B 【解析】承上启下。上文讲游客的存在可能加速破坏，B项“否则你的旅行可能无意中造成破坏”引出下文指南的必要性。 37. C 【解析】段落逻辑。本段主题“尊重物理边界”，上文讲屏障和绳索的作用，C项“同样，待在指定路径上可以防止步道逐渐拓宽破坏植被”与之呼应，并为下文威尼斯分流措施做铺垫。 38. F 【解析】段落逻辑。本段主题“不留痕迹”，强调不带走任何文物。F项“购买由濒危物种或古代材料制成的纪念品是被严格禁止的”最贴近该主题。 39. E 【解析】段落逻辑。本段主题“注意科技设备的影响”，E项“无人机、闪光摄影和三脚架在封闭或敏感空间中尤其有害”引出后文的具体例子。 40. A 【解析】段落逻辑。本段主题“支持当地社区”，A项“选择将利润再投资于当地保护工作的住宿和导游”是支持当地社区的直接体现。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 41. B (investigating) 【解析】作者加入团队“调查”考古发现。 42. C (detected) 【解析】沉船被无人机“探测到”。 43. A (faintly) 【解析】极寒天气下呼吸“隐隐约约”可见。 44. D (decayed) 【解析】木材在盐水中会“腐烂”。 45. A (planned) 【解析】每次潜水需提前“规划”。 46. C (fascinating) 【解析】出土文物呈现“引人入胜的”故事。 47. A (In fact) 【解析】“实际上”这艘船运载了丝绸之路各区域的货物。 48. B (astonishing) 【解析】发现船日志是最“惊人的”发现。 49. B (Turning through) 【解析】“翻阅”书页发现内容。 50. A (delivered) 【解析】将易碎文献“运送”到实验室。 51. C (described) 【解析】丝绸之路常被“描述为”宏大叙事。 52. C (holds) 【解析】湖泊“藏着”无数秘密。 53. C (thinning) 【解析】气候变化“正在使”冰层“变薄”。 54. A (lost) 【解析】数百年保存的文物可能在数十年间“消失”。 55. D (advocate) 【解析】作者成为遗产保护的“倡导者”。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 56. Intended 【解析】考查非谓语动词（过去分词作状语）。动词 intend 与句子主语 the wall 之间为逻辑上的被动关系（城墙被打算用来保护……），且 be intended to do sth.（旨在做某事）为固定短语。置于句首，首字母需大写。 57. was visited 【解析】主语it（指代the region）与visit之间为被动关系，且时间状语“over two thousand years ago”表明是一般过去时。 58. which 【解析】考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为 The official report ，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词 which。 59. latest 【解析】late的最高级形式，表示“最晚的、最近的”，与前面的the oldest section形成对比。 60. What 【解析】考查主语从句。空格处引导一个主语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”，故用连接代词 What。句首首字母大写。 61. our 【解析】考查代词。空格后紧跟名词 knowledge ，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，故将 we 改为 our 62. strengthen 【解析】考查非谓语动词（动词原形）。此处考查结构 be expected to do sth.（被期盼/预计做某事），to 为不定式符号，后面应接动词原形 strengthen。 63. yielding 【解析】非谓语：现在分词作结果状语”。 64. and/with 【解析】考查连词/介词固定搭配。bridge A and B 或 bridge A with B 意为“架起A与B之间的桥梁/将A与B连接起来” 。此处表示“连接历史保护与未来发展” ，填 and 或 with 均可。 65. to 【解析】固定搭配belong to，意为“属于”。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 【参考范文】 Preserving Our Shared Heritage Every day, our irreplaceable cultural heritage faces threats from climate change, mass tourism, and even well-intentioned but poorly executed restoration projects. As young people, we can make a difference. Start by learning about local heritage sites and sharing their stories through social media. When visiting historical places, follow the rules—stay on marked paths, avoid flash photography, and never take artifacts. Support preservation efforts by volunteering or fundraising. Our heritage belongs to all humanity. Let’s take action today—not as passive tourists, but as active guardians of our shared history. Together, we can ensure future generations inherit the real, living treasures of our past. 第二节（满分25分） 【参考范文】 Kai hesitated. The truth was that he had only encountered the letter in a popular science article, not in the original publication. “I... I read about it in a magazine,” he admitted quietly, his rehearsed confidence crumbling. The audience’s murmurs shifted from admiration to something else—sympathy, perhaps, or disappointment. Dr. Volkov smiled gently. “That‘s a common mistake among young enthusiasts,” she said. “Archaeology isn’t about memorizing facts to win arguments. It‘s about patient observation, careful analysis, and—most importantly—humility before the evidence.” She then turned to the audience and explained that the letter Kai mentioned had indeed been re-dated by more recent research. “But you raised a valid point,” she added, “and that’s how science progresses—through questions, not through a competition to be right.” Walking out of the museum that night, Kai felt no longer eager to prove himself. The cool night air cleared his head. For months, he had treated archaeology as a game to be won, a stage for his own brilliance. But Dr. Volkov’s words echoed in his mind: “humility before the evidence.” He realized that the true value of historical study lay not in showing off what you knew, but in recognizing how much you didn‘t know—and being curious enough to find out. The next morning, he borrowed three academic books from the university library and began reading not to prepare a clever question, but simply to learn. It was, he would later say, the first real day of his education. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $【江苏扬州】高二英语下学期阶段测试 (译林版选择性必修第三册Units3-4) (本试卷无听力满分120分考试用时90分钟) 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域 内。 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工 整，笔记清楚。 3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草 稿纸、试卷上答题无效。 4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。 5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（略） 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分) 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Sunken Glimpse into the Past In 2024,a routine drone survey of Lake Neuchatel in Switzerland uncovered the remains of a Roman cargo ship that sank roughly 2,000 years ago.More than 600 remarkably intact artifacts have been recovered-an unprecedented find in the Alpine region. Unlike typical wrecks where the wooden hull survives,this ship has long dissolved in fresh water.What remains is a concentrated collection of cargo and personal items:ceramic tableware,Spanish olive oil containers,bronze kitchen tools,and a preserved wicker basket.Most notably,archaeologists recovered two complete Roman swords and military equipment,including decorated bronze belt buckles. These military items offer a crucial clue.By analyzing the style of a bronze brooch known from Emperor Tiberius's reign,combined with tree-ring dating of a wooden board found beneath stacked plates,researchers pinpointed the ship's loss to 17 AD.The presence of legionary gear suggests soldiers were aboard,raising questions about their mission.Each artifact retrieved brings historians closer to understanding the final voyage of this merchant vessel. (From The History Blog,2026) (21.What makes the Lake Neuchatel discovery particularly significant? A.It is the oldest Roman wreck ever found in Europe. B.The ship's wooden structure remains perfectly preserved. C.Over 600 intact artifacts were recovered from an inland lake. D.It was discovered during a military training exercise. 22.How did researchers determine the approximate date of the wreck? A.By carbon-dating the Roman swords. B.By matching recovered coins with historical records. C.By combining brooch style analysis with tree-ring dating. D.By reading shipping logs found in a sealed container. 23.What can be inferred about the soldiers mentioned in the passage? A.They were permanently stationed in Switzerland. B.They were likely traveling on the merchant vessel. C.They were responsible for constructing Roman ships. D.Their equipment was less advanced than civilians'. B Reaching New Heights On March 3,2026,freediver Alexey Molchanov slipped beneath the ice of Lake Baikal and descended 91 meters on a single breath.With surface temperatures at-23C and only one entry hole cut through the ice,he set a new under-ice freediving world record. This achievement relied on meticulous preparation."Training starts long before reaching the lake,"Molchanov explained."It involves breath-hold drills,pool work,and practicing with a monofin to maximize efficiency."He prioritizes building technical baselines in controlled environments before layering on cold adaptation. Equipment choices also matter.Under-ice diving requires thicker wetsuits,but Molchanoy deliberately chose a 5mm suit over the standard 7mm to reduce water resistance,trusting his body to handle the cold.The strategy succeeded despite the immense physical toll. Thousands of miles away,Indian adventurer Anmish Varma faced his own extreme test.In January 2025,he summited Mount Sidley in Antarctica,completing the Seven Volcanic Summits in just 92 days-a Guinness World Record.He described the peak as the toughest due to its remoteness,treacherous weather,and the mental strain of knowing failure could mean days of isolation. Both explorers succeeded through disciplined preparation,mental resilience,and respect for their physical limits."I wanted to prove that smart planning and determination can set global benchmarks,"Anmish said."It's also about inspiring young people to dream big,no matter how remote the goal."From frozen lakes to Antarctic peaks,they remind us that pushing boundaries begins with one breath,one step at a time. 24.What distinguishes Molchanov's training approach? A.He develops technique in controlled environments first. B.He practices exclusively in Lake Baikal year-round. C.He relies solely on mental preparation without physical conditioning. D.He avoids using specialized equipment to build endurance. 25.Why did Molchanov choose a 5mm wetsuit? A.To comply with competition safety rules. B.To reduce water resistance and improve efficiency. C.Because thicker suits were unavailable at the site. D.To test whether thin suits provide better insulation. 26.What does the underlined word"treacherous"in paragraph 4 most likely mean? A.Frequently visited by experienced climbers. B.Beautiful but rarely photographed. C.Dangerous and highly unpredictable. D.Protected by international treaties. 27.What is the best title for the text? A.The History of Extreme Sports B.Freediving vs.Mountain Climbing:Which Is Harder? C.Modern Explorers Pushing Human Limits D.Antarctica:The Final Frontier for Adventurers C Can Venice Be Saved From Its Own Success? In May 2026,UNESCO recommended adding Venice to its List of World Heritage in Danger,warning that climate change and mass tourism threaten"irreversible"damage to the city's unique value.On peak days,tourist numbers exceed residents by nearly three to one.Cruise ships stir up sediment and weaken historic foundations,while day-trippers crowd iconic sites. In response,Venice launched Europe's strictest visitor management system.Starting in 2026,entry fees apply on 60 peak-season days,ranging from e5 to e10 based on demand.Visitors must pre-register via a mobile app.Large cruise ships have been rerouted away from the historic center,and tour groups are capped at 40 people.Loudspeakers are also banned to reduce noise pollution. But are these measures enough?Critics argue that fees cannot solve the core issue:Venice is transforming from a living city into an open-air museum.Residential areas are converting into vacation rentals and souvenir shops,driving the population down from 175,000 after WWII to under 50,000 today.Without permanent residents,scholars warn,there is no city left to save-only a stage set for tourists. UNESCO acknowledges recent progress but notes a"lack of significant progress"and calls for a unified strategic vision.Italy has until September to present a sustainable management plan.Whether Venice can balance tourism revenue with heritage preservation-and whether locals will have a voice in that future-remains an open question. 28.According to UNESCO,what primarily threatens Venice's heritage status? A.High housing costs driving out young families. B.A combination of climate impacts and overtourism. C.The government's refusal to accept international guidelines. D.Structural failures in ancient drainage systems. 29.What visitor management measure has Venice implemented since 2026? A.A complete summer ban on international tourists. B.A mandatory entry fee on selected days,varying by demand. C.The construction of new bridges to disperse visitor flow. D.The relocation of all residents to the mainland. 30.What problem does banning loudspeakers aim to solve? A.It violates centuries-old noise ordinances. B.It prevents tourists from hearing natural sounds. C.It reduces constant background noise that harms the city's atmosphere. D.It interferes with emergency communication systems. 31.What does"a stage set for tourists"in paragraph 3 imply? A.Venice hosts more theatrical performances than any Italian city. B.The city has become an artificial environment catering to visitors,not residents. C.Its architecture was originally designed for entertainment. D.Tourists must buy tickets to enter all major landmarks. D Preserving the Past:The Battle Over Taxila High in northern Pakistan,Taxila stands as one of South Asia's most significant archaeological complexes.Founded over two millennia ago,this UNESCO site contains Buddhist monasteries,early Hindu shrines,and remnants of an ancient university.Its layered history offers an unparalleled window into regional urban civilization. Today,Taxila faces a threat not from nature,but from conservation itself.International experts have raised concerns over recent"restoration"work at key areas.Critics charge that cement-a material foreign to ancient construction-has been used to rebuild walls.Some original structures were reportedly demolished and reconstructed rather than stabilized, altering historical heights. The federal archaeology department calls this a serious violation of international norms,warning it could place Taxila on UNESCO's"danger list"and damage Pakistan's heritage credibility.Yet the provincial department defends its actions,arguing that decades of neglect,vegetation encroachment,and water damage made intervention unavoidable. "Preservation is not a purist exercise,"they state."It requires pragmatic choices to save sites for future generations." This debate highlights a global dilemma:Where should the line be drawn between preservation and reconstruction? Traditional charters favor minimal intervention,but modern realities-climate stress,mass tourism,and economic development-demand adaptive strategies.As UNESCO reviews whether to list Taxila as endangered,the outcome will shape conservation practices worldwide.The stones of Taxila have become unwilling participants in a vital conversation about authenticity,authority,and what it truly means to protect heritage in the 21st century. 32.Why was Taxila originally designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site? A.For its strategic military importance in ancient times. B.For its exceptional collection of cave paintings. C.For its layered civilizational history spanning over a millennium. D.For its well-preserved Roman-style architecture. 33.What practice at Taxila has drawn the strongest criticism? A.Opening the site to unauthorized commercial filming. B.Using cement to rebuild ancient walls instead of traditional materials. C.Removing all protective vegetation from the foundations. D.Allowing modern housing within the heritage boundaries. 34.How does the provincial department justify its restoration work? A.By denying that any structural changes occurred. B.By claiming cement was historically used by ancient builders. C.By arguing that inaction would have caused greater damage. D.By stating international norms do not apply to developing nations. 35.What is the author's attitude toward the conservation debate? A.Strongly supportive of strict traditional preservation methods. B.Critical of both sides for lacking practical solutions. C.Objective,presenting it as a complex global dilemma requiring balance. D.Indifferent,believing heritage preservation is no longer relevant. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 How to Be a Responsible Heritage Tourist Heritage sites around the world are under unprecedented pressure from mass tourism.While travel broadens our horizons,our very presence can accelerate the destruction of the places we come to admire.36 The following guidelines can help ensure your visit contributes to preservation rather than destruction. First,respect physical boundaries.Barriers and ropes are not arbitrary restrictions.They protect fragile surfaces from erosion caused by millions of footsteps.37 In Venice,visitor access fees and reservation systems now serve this very purpose-spreading visitor numbers across the day to prevent overcrowding. Second,leave no trace.The archaeological rule is simple:take nothing but photographs,leave nothing but footprints.Removing artifacts-even a small pebble from a ruin-is illegal at most World Heritage Sites.38 What seems like one harmless souvenir,multiplied by thousands of visitors,strips a site of its authentic context and deprives future generations of the experience you enjoyed. Third,be mindful of the impact of your technology.39Flash photography can irreversibly damage ancient pigments and wall paintings.Tripods can obstruct pathways and accidentally strike fragile surfaces.Drones,increasingly popular for capturing aerial footage,are banned at many heritage sites because they disturb wildlife and,in some cases, can physically damage structures if crashed. Fourth,support local communities.Responsible tourism isn't just about protecting stones and artifacts;it's about the people who live beside them.40 Avoid international hotel chains when locally-owned guesthouses are available. Eat at local restaurants and buy crafts directly from artisans.When heritage sites generate economic benefits for surrounding communities,residents become natural allies in their protection. Above all,remember that you are a guest-not only in the site itself but in the ongoing story of a place that existed long before your arrival and will remain long after you depart. A.Choose accommodations and guides that reinvest profits in local preservation efforts. B.Otherwise,your visit may unintentionally contribute to the very destruction you traveled to witness. C.Similarly,staying on designated paths prevents the gradual widening of trails that destroys surrounding vegetation. D.Many heritage sites now offer virtual tours for those who wish to explore without physical impact. E.The use of drones,flash photography,and tripods can be particularly harmful in enclosed or sensitive spaces. F.Purchasing souvenirs made from endangered species or ancient materials is strictly forbidden. G.Stick to marked paths and respect restricted areas to minimize your physical impact. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I never expected to dive into Lake Baikal.As an archive historian,I studied trade routes,not frozen lakes.Yet in 2025,I joined a marine team ()41a remarkable discovery:a 17th-century merchant ship resting on the lakebed. The wreck was first 42 by a drone survey."We knew wrecks existed here,"our leader said,his breath visible 43 in the freezing air."But freshwater preserves wood that would have 44 centuries ago in salt water." Diving demands strict preparation.Unlike clear tropical waters,Baikal offers poor visibility and extreme cold.Each dive is carefully 45 weeks ahead,with backup systems ready. The artifacts told a 46 story.Chinese porcelain,Siberian furs,and Russian coins lay frozen in time."It's a time capsule,.”a colleague whispered.“47 it carried goods from across the Silk Road at its peak." Our 48 find came last:a leather logbook,miraculously intact.49 its pages revealed cargo lists and a sailor's letter home,hoping to attend his sister's wedding.He never returned. As we 50 the fragile documents to the lab,I reflected on the sailors behind them.The Silk Road is often 51 _as a grand trade route,but it's truly a story of individuals driven by hope. The lake still 52 countless secrets.Yet climate change is 53 the ice cover,exposing wrecks to rapid decay.What took centuries to preserve could be 54 in decades "We're racing against time,"our leader said."We save history before it vanishes."I arrived as a researcher;I left as an 55 for its protection. 41.A.analyzing B.investigating C.ignoring D.promoting 42. A.destroyed B.created C.detected D.cleaned 43. A.faintly B.clearly C.rarely D.suddenly 44. A.strengthened B.repaired C.survived D.decayed 45. A.planned B.canceled C.delayed D.reported 46. A.confusing B.boring C.fascinating D.ordinary 47.A.In fact B.By accident C.On average D.In secret 48. A.depressing B.astonishing C.misleading D.forgettable 49. A.Playing with B.Turning through C.Ripping off D.Wrapping up 50.A.delivered B.threw C.donated D.sold 51. A.criticized B.forgotten C.described D.hidden 52 A.creates B.destroys C.holds D.ignores 53.A.thickening B.darkening C.thinning D.removing 54. A.lost B.found C.bought D.stolen 55. A.enemy B.opponent C.victim D.advocate 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Sino-Uzbek archaeological team has recently identified a remarkably preserved ancient city wall at the Kuva site in eastern Uzbekistan.56(intend)to protect a vital commercial hub on the ancient Silk Road,the wall, constructed with mud bricks and rammed earth,served the region from the 3rd century BCE to the 10th century CE The site,covering over 110,000 square meters,57 (visit)by the famous Han Dynasty envoy Zhang Qian over two thousand years ago,according to historical records.The official report,58was announced at a major conference in January 2026,offers concrete evidence of early cross-cultural interactions. Careful excavations reveal the wall underwent several structural upgrades.The oldest section dates to the Parthian era.whereas the 59 (late)reconstruction belongs to the Samanid period.These distinct layers highlight the settlement's capacity to adapt to changing political landscapes.60truly impresses scholars is the city's uninterrupted vitality for nearly 1,300 years. Funded under the Belt and Road Initiative,this cooperation significantly enriches 61 (we)knowledge of Eurasian history.Upcoming fieldwork will target the central palace ruins,which is expected to 62 (strengthen) our understanding of ancient urban planning.Protecting this legacy demands sustained global partnership,63 (yield)a brand-new model that ultimately bridges historical preservation 64 _future development.Such collaborative efforts remind us that shared heritage belongs 65 all of humanity 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分) 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华。你校历史社团正在举办以“Preserving Our Shared Heritage”(保护我们共同的遗产)为主题的中 学生征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.文化遗产面临的威胁： 2.青少年如何参与遗产保护： 3.呼吁大家共同行动。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右： 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Preserving Our Shared Heritage 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Kai had always been the top student in his high school's archaeology club.While other members struggled to identify pottery sherds or interpret stratigraphic layers,he could recite the distinguishing features of every major Chinese dynasty's ceramic traditions from memory.His dream,which he announced to anyone who would listen,was to discover a buried city-something that would make headlines and secure his place in archaeological history. When the club's faculty advisor announced that an international team would visit their city to present findings from a major Silk Road excavation,Kai saw his opportunity.The visiting archaeologist,Dr.Elena Volkov from the Institute of Silk Road Studies,had spent fifteen years working at sites across Central Asia.Her public lecture at the city museum would be attended by local academics,university students,and members of the historical society. Kai spent three weeks preparing for the lecture's Q&A session.He read dozens of academic papers,memorized excavation dates,and rehearsed what he considered the perfect question-one that would demonstrate his superior knowledge while subtly pointing out what he believed to be a flaw in Dr.Volkov's published chronology of a particular site.He imagined the audience's impressed murmurs,Dr.Volkov's surprised acknowledgment,the local newspaper article about the brilliant young scholar who had challenged an expert. The night of the lecture arrived.The museum's auditorium was half-full,mostly with retirees and university students fulfilling course requirements.Dr.Volkov spoke passionately about the complexities of Silk Road trade networks,but Kai found himself growing impatient.When she finally opened the floor for questions,his hand shot up immediately. "Dr.Volkov,"he began,voice steady with rehearsed confidence,"in your 2023 paper on the Panjakent excavations,you concluded that Sogdian merchants had ceased using the northern route by the mid-8th century However,the discovery of a Sogdian letter dated 762 CE at a northern outpost suggests otherwise.How do you respond to this contradiction?" A murmur rippled through the audience.Kai smiled,waiting for the acknowledgment he deserved. Dr.Volkov studied him for a long moment.Then she asked a question that stopped him cold. "That's an excellent observation,young man.Tell me-have you actually seen the letter you're referring to,or only read about it in secondary sources?" 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Kai hesitated.The truth was that he had only encountered the letter in a popular science article,not in the original publication. Walking out of the museum that night,Kai felt no longer eager to prove himself.