专题07 阅读单选（说明文）（期末真题汇编，吉林专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 聚焦八年级下说明文阅读，涵盖科技（AI应用）、文化（武当武术、殷墟博物馆）、健康（家务分工、视力保护）等主题，选用真实情境素材，注重语言理解与思维能力考查。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |选择题|每篇5题，每题2分|细节理解（如DeepSeek功能）、词义猜测（如“capital”）、主旨大意（如“Every coin has two sides”）、结构分析（文章结构题）|情境时代性（AI技术、短视频传播）；问题层次性（基础信息到综合推断）；学科特色（语言能力与文化意识结合，如中外文化对比）|

专题07 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然— 科技生活 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）①Nowadays, DeepSeek is a famous name. It’s a great AI that surprises everyone. ②DeepSeek is clever. It can answer all kinds of difficult questions. You can ask about geography, like “What is a supermoon?” It will tell you many interesting facts. It’s also great for helping with schoolwork. If you have trouble with a math problem, don't worry! DeepSeek can show you how to work “it” out. ③What’s more, making great AI doesn’t need a lot of capital and a long time. The team spent only $ 5.58 million for two months. It uses a special way to work well on not-so-strong chips (芯片) and still works very well. The people behind it are so smart! ④However, DeepSeek isn’t perfect. Sometimes, the answers it gives may not be totally right. Because it gets information from the Internet. Some of the information is true, some is false. So, we can’t always trust its answers. ⑤ Another problem is about us. If we always depend on DeepSeek to answer questions, we will become lazy and stop thinking hard on our own. Our brains need to work, too! ⑥In the end, DeepSeek is a magic tool. It can help us a lot, but we need to use it carefully. We should enjoy the help it gives, but also keep our own thinking active. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What can DeepSeek help with according to Paragraph ②? A．Creating new AI models. B．Designing computer chips. C．Asking all kinds of difficult questions. D．Helping with schoolwork and problems. 2．What does the underlined word “capital” in Paragraph ③ mean? A．Time. B．Money. C．Computers. D．Training. 3．What does the author think about depending on DeepSeek? A．It makes our brains stronger. B．It improves our problem-solving skills. C．It’s helpful and we should rely on it completely. D．We may become lazy and stop thinking independently. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Every coin has two sides. B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. C．Love me, love my dog. D．Early to bed, early to rise. Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林松原·期末）The AI has changed our lives. There are four useful AI inventions here. Jiuge The AI can remember 300,000 Chinese poems clearly. What’s more, it can write a poem in a very short time. In CCTV shows, Jiuge beat three great poem fans from a famous college. Forpheus The ping-pong robot can play in an easy way with a beginner and a difficult way with a better player. What’s more, it not only encourages players with words like “Good job!”, but also gives some good advice to improve their skills. Self-driving AI It can drive the car more safely than humans. It doesn’t drink wine and never feels tired. It can do what we humans do. For example, if a car with this AI has passed a bus, it will flash (闪) two white lights side to side to show thanks to the bus. Facial Recognition (人脸识别) It is used a lot in the world, such as ACS. ACS won’t let a stranger in without the house owner’s permission (允许). Paying by facial recognition is common now. The police in Hangzhou even caught a criminal at a concert with its help. 根据上文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How did Jiuge show its talent in CCTV shows? A．It wrote a poem faster than humans. B．It defeated three top poem fans from a college. C．It sang a song with facial recognition. 2．What is the main purpose of the AI named “Forpheus”? A．To teach people how to write poems. B．To play ping-pong and help players improve. C．To recognize faces in public places. 3．What are the advantages of the self-driving AI? ①It can do what humans do.    ②It can drive more safely than humans. ③It won’t let strangers in.    ④It can drive much faster than humans. A．①④ B．②③ C．①② 4．How does facial recognition help the police in Hangzhou? A．It pays for tickets at concerts. B．It catches criminals in crowds. C．It controls home security systems. 5．Which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Art B．Sports. C．Technology. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）①Have you watched the cartoon film Ne Zha 2? Have you heard of DeepSeek recently? Surprisingly, they are all created by young people who are leading China to a better future. Four of them are especially excellent. Let’s take a look at what achievements they have made. ②Yang Yu (Jiaozi), the director of “Ne Zha 2” was born in 1980 in Luzhou, Sichuan Province. Just like Ne Zha, he overcame many difficulties, spending five years bringing traditional stories to life with creativity. Since the movie came out, it has broken the box office (票房) records in Chinese film history and has become the number one. ③Born in 1985 in a small town in Guangdong Province, Liang Wenfeng showed a strong interest in AI technology from a young age and founded (创立) DeepSeek in 2023. DeepSeek’s App became the most popular free app in both China and the US. ④Although five years younger than Liang Wenfeng, Wang Xingxing from Zhejiang Province set up Unitree, a world-famous technology company. It developed the robots used in the dance performance YangBOT. These robots are not only for fun but also help in different tasks, such as carrying heavy things and even taking part in rescue (营救). ⑤Feng Ji who was born in 1982 in Jingzhou, Hubei created a high-quality gaming Black Myth: Wukong, China’s first big 3A game and won a prize. ⑥These young people are hard-working and not afraid to try new things, facing challenges bravely. They are truly role models and their success encourages all the Chinese. 1．Which of the following about Yang Yu is TRUE? A．He was born in Guangdong Province. B．He spent 3 years making Ne Zha 2. C．Ne Zha 2 is very successful in box office. D．He is not interested in traditional stories. 2．In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “overcame” probably means ________. A．had B．made C．beat D．saw 3．Which of the following is Liang Wenfeng’s work? A．B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Popular Chinese Cartoons and Games B．The Development of AI Technology in China C．Young People Making Great Achievements D．Different Jobs for Young People in China 5．What is the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 主题02 人与社会— 文化传播 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）Growing up in a small town in the United States, Jake Pinnick fell in love with Chinese martial arts (武术) at a young age thanks to actors like Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan. In 2010, 20-year-old Pinnick set off for Wudang Mountain to learn martial arts. In the first few years, he faced a lot of challenges like the language problem and the cultural differences. However, Pinnick never gave up. After years of study, he mastered several traditional Chinese exercises such as Tai Chi and Qigong. Later Pinnick decided to stay to help his master teach international students. “I came here for martial arts, but I stayed because of the culture behind it.” he said. In 2020, Pinnick started to introduce (介绍) Wudang culture to Western people online. Over the past few years, he and his Chinese wife have created and shared hundreds of short videos, drawing lots of fans from the United States and some European countries. Now he has over 1 million followers on the Internet. “Many Westerners hope to study on Wudang Mountain, but they don’t have the time or chance. So, I take Wudang culture to the West.” said Pinnick. Pinnick also enjoys reading Dao De Jing and playing traditional Chinese instruments. He hopes to open martial arts schools in the United States. “I want more people to get to know martial arts and Chinese culture.” he said. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．When was Jake Pinnick born? A．In 1985. B．In 1990. C．In 1995. D．In 2000. 2．Why did Pinnick choose to stay on Wudang Mountain? A．Because he met his wife there. B．Because he wanted to be a teacher. C．Because he wanted to be famous on the Internet. D．Because he loved the culture behind martial arts. 3．What’s the purpose of Pinnick’s short videos? A．To show his daily life on Wudang Mountain. B．To help Westerners learn about Wudang culture. C．To attract more international students to study there. D．To promote traditional Chinese instruments worldwide. 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as Pinnick’s interest? A．Reading Dao De Jing. B．Playing traditional Chinese instruments. C．Practicing Tai Chi and Qigong. D．Writing short stories about Wudang. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Pinnick’s family life with his Chinese wife. B．Pinnick’s study experience in the United States. C．Pinnick’s journey of introducing Wudang culture. D．Pinnick’s challenges in learning Chinese martial arts. Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）①Do you know the new Yinxu Museum in Anyang, Henan? It opened to the public (公众) in February 2024. Nearly 4,000 cultural relics (文物) were on show, including bronze wares, pottery and oracle bones (青铜器、陶器和甲骨文). About three-fourths of these have never been seen by the public before. “It’s the first time that these cultural relics are shown in groups,” said Chen Xingcan, a worker in the Yinxu Museum. “This lets visitors see how people lived during the Shang Dynasty.” ②What was a prince’s life like 3,000 years ago? You can find answers in about 100 pieces of oracle bones, known as “The Prince’s Diary”. It turned out that the prince’s life was similar to ours. The prince wrote a “sick note” to ask if he still had to go to school when he was sick. He learned to dance and danced for his mum and dad. These oracle bones are just part of the treasures at the new Yinxu Museum. ③Apart from “The Prince’s Diary”, another eye-catching cultural relic is Ya Zhang Niu Zun. It’s a life-like buffalo-shaped (水牛形的) bronze ware. “It is often believed that there was no realistic casting art (现实主义锻造技术) in China back then. But through this, we can see that Chinese people knew about it from a very early time,” Li Xiaoyang, a member of the Anyang Cultural Heritage Bureau, said to China Daily. ④If you are interested in the culture and history of the Shang Dynasty, the new Yinxu Museum is the best place for you to have a look! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How many cultural relics in the new Yinxu Museum have never been seen by the public before? A．About 4,000. B．About 3,000. C．About 2,000. D．About 1,000. 2．What can we learn from “The Prince’s Diary”? A．It includes about 100 pieces of oracle bones. B．The prince’s life was so different from ours now. C．It’s a book written by a prince of the Shang Dynasty. D．The prince liked singing and often sang for his parents. 3．What does the underlined word “this” refer to (指代)? A．The Prince’s Diary. B．The realistic casting art. C．Ya Zhang Niu Zun. D．The culture and history of the Shang Dynasty. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Ya Zhang Niu Zun is a piece of buffalo-shaped pottery. B．Visitors can learn about the life of the Shang people in the museum. C．“The Prince’s Diary” is the most eye-catching cultural relic in the museum. D．The cultural relics in the new Yinxu Museum had been shown in groups before it opened. 5．Which of the following shows structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ...) A．B． C． D． 主题03 人与社会——健康体验 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林四平·期末）Housework is an important part of keeping a healthy and happy home environment. It allows families to live in a clean and organized space that is free from dirt (灰尘). Doing housework can also be a way to show and look after family members. Jack is fifteen and he always gets good grades at school. You may think he spends all his time studying, but in fact, he spends some time doing housework every week. To find out the situation of doing housework in Jack’s family, I did a survey (调查) of what kinds of housework Jack does and how many times his family members do it each week. Here are the results. Doing housework is not the responsibility (责任) of a person; the whole family should share housework together. To have a cleaner and more comfortable home environment, everyone should do their part. 根据短文和图表内容，选择最佳答案。 1．The survey is mainly about ________. A．hobbies B．sports C．housework D．relationships 2．The housework that Jack does the most is ________ from Diagram I. A．doing the dishes B．making meals C．sweeping the floor D．taking out the rubbish 3．We know ________ according to Diagram I. A．Jack isn’t good at cooking B．Jack can’t fold the clothes C．there are no pets in Jack’s family D．Jack sweeps the floor more than he folds the clothes 4．According to Diagram II, Grandma does housework about ________ times a week. A．four B．five C．six D．seven 5．From this passage and the diagrams, we can know ________. A．Jack doesn’t study hard at school B．Jack’s mom does the housework ten times a week C．Jack’s dad does more housework than Jack’s mom D．Jack’s sister doesn’t do housework because she is too busy Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林四平·期末）In a primary school of Yunnan, there are over 500 students, but no one is nearsighted (近视的). It’s hard to believe. Three hours of outdoor activities and no mobile phones or computers—this might be the reason why they all have good eyesight (视力). In the school, children eat healthy food and have enough sleep every day. During class breaks, all of them need to go outside. When the three sports teachers of the school are busy, other teachers will teach students to play basketball and table tennis. To stop students from using mobile phones, the school installed (安装) six public phones in the hallways for them to call their parents. Even on weekends and during vacations, the school tells parents to care about kids’ eye health by sending messages. Sun Fubiao, the primary school’s headmaster (校长), tries his best to help students protect (保护) their eyesight, because he and five other teachers are nearsighted… “It’s uncomfortable to do many things wearing a pair of glasses in daily life,” he said. “I don’t want the children to have the same bad experience.” Now, people come up with many ideas to protect children’s eyesight. They need to do eye tests each term. Schools can’t give homework to first and second graders. These ways are really useful for children. But for them, it’s more important to go outside and play. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．Which is NOT true about the students of the primary school? A．They eat healthy food. B．They have enough sleep. C．They go outside during class breaks. D．They usually use mobile phones at school. 2．Where did the school install public phones? A．In the classroom. B．In the hallways. C．In the dining hall. D．In the library. 3．How does the school ask parents to protect children’s eyesight on weekends? A．By giving them calls. B．By discussing at home. C．By having parents’ meetings. D．By sending messages. 4．What does Sun Fubiao think of wearing glasses? A．Cool. B．Relaxing. C．Uncomfortable. D．Normal. 5．What does the last paragraph show us? A．Ways of protecting children’s eyesight. B．Ways of playing sports. C．Ways of finishing homework on time. D．Ways of teaching children in the school. 主题01 人与自我— 健康生活 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林四平·期末）Health is the most important thing for a person. Here are some suggestions for staying healthy. First of all, you must sleep well. More and more people begin to stay up late. It’s bad for your body. Go to sleep before midnight, or you will be sick all the time. A glass of milk is helpful for your good sleep. Secondly, you need to have a rest. People walk quickly, eat quickly, talk quickly and work quickly. It is so hard for us to get slower. You have to stop to look up at the blue sky, smell the flowers or share food with the family. Slow down and enjoy your life, then you can work better. Thirdly, eat less sugar. Sugar is always around us. Ice cream, cupcakes, sweets and different kinds of desserts (甜点) are our favorites. But sugar can make people fat. Plenty of sugar can even make us get angry easily. It also brings you into more health troubles. So don’t have too much sugar. Last but not least, do not worry too much. It’s not easy for us to work or live well. Try to deal with the difficulties, and then let it go. Worrying about everything is not useful. 阅读上面的短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．There are ________ ways for people to keep healthy in the passage. A．three B．four C．five D．six 2．The expression “stay up late” in Paragraph 2 means  “________” in Chinese. A．待到晚上 B．熬夜 C．过夜 D．待得久 3．If you have too much sugar, you will ________. A．get fat B．be happy C．sleep well D．be sad 4．We should not ________. A．deal with the difficulties B．let it go C．live well D．worry too much 5．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A．Sleep after midnight. B．Have more sugar. C．Enjoy the beautiful things around you. D．Think about everything all the time. Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林·期末）①Many people travel to different places in the world by air. Usually it takes passengers a long time, perhaps half a day, to stay in the plane. So airlines offer passengers food. But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. Do you agree? ②To solve this problem, airlines try hard to improve their food. They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose passengers. However, according to scientific researches, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude (海拔), we can’t taste things as well as we do on the ground. Moreover, scientists have found that our noses become very dry even before a plane takes off. As the plane moves up, the change in the air pressure (气压) will make our taste buds (味蕾) become senseless. The sad fact, however, is that our noses don’t know it. All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad. ③They also help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers the salty and hot food. Without doing so, the food would be tasteless. ④Now there are many researches on this. According to them, some volunteers are asked to lie down, with their feet higher than their heads for weeks. And scientists write down their feelings when tasting food. ⑤Though scientists try their best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in the air pressure, making food taste good is still hard for them. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What does the underlined words “this problem” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．It means passengers stay long in the plane. B．It means food on the plane tastes bad. C．It means passengers have no food to eat. D．It means food on the plane is expensive. 2．Why do airlines offer food to passengers according to the passage? A．Because they want to make some money. B．Because passengers like to eat plane food. C．Because it usually takes passengers a long time to fly. D．Because food can make passengers relaxed. 3．What’s the main idea of the second paragraph? A．Why food on the plane tastes so bad. B．Why we can taste well on the ground. C．Why passengers feel good on the plane. D．Why our noses become dry on the plane. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．The volunteers have a good sense of taste. B．It’s hard to make plane food taste good. C．Researches on plane food have been successful. D．Airlines only offer the salty and hot food. 5．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 主题02 人与社会— 文化与传统 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）In Shandong’s countryside, three women are breaking down old ideas. They are using their talents and strong will to change their lives. Li Mei, 57, was once an English teacher. After retiring (退休), she learned to use modern farming technologies to grow apples, turning her farm into a model for growing better and more apples. Apples were hard to sell last year, so she began making English videos to sell them. Her videos are popular, and now she usually sells over 400 boxes of apples daily. “I want to show not just apples but everything wonderful about my hometown.” Li said. Wang Xia, 40, runs a baozi shop in Qufu. Different from Li, she started learning English last September to set an example for her son. Her videos recorded her journey from “broken English” to speaking fluently. After sharing her progress online, she got 17,000 fans, with some even visiting her shop to taste her baozi. Lyu Yuxia, a 52-year-old fruit farmer in Mengyin, loves writing a lot. She writes about her diary life and the beauty of her hometown. “In my childhood, my father, a teacher, loved telling me history stories and poems (诗) while doing farm work. I enjoyed them very much,” Lyu said. Encouraged by her son, she posted a poem online two years ago. It became popular with 9 million views. She became a famous country poet (诗人). 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What did Li Mei do after retiring? A．She opened a baozi shop. B．She grew apples and sold them online. C．She became a famous poet. D．She taught English online. 2．What does the underlined word “fluently” mean? A．Poorly. B．Slowly. C．Easily. D．Loudly. 3．Why did Lyu Yuxia write poems? A．Her son’s encouragement and father’s stories. B．Her love for farming life and work in the countryside. C．Her experience of selling apples in her daily life. D．The wishes from her fans on the Internet. 4．What do we know about from the reading? ①Li Mei uses English videos to sell apples. ②Wang Xia sets an example for her son to learn English. ③Lyu Yuxia became famous for her poems online. ④Li Mei still works as an English teacher. A．①③④ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①②③ 5．What’s the best title for the reading? A．Famous people in Shandong B．Three life-changing women C．Selling things in the country online D．Modern technology in the countryside Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）What is the oldest drink in the world? The answer might be tea. Thousands of years ago, Chinese people made this special drink first. Today, it is part of people’s everyday lives not only in China, but also in the rest of the world. In 2019, the United Nations announced (宣布) May 21 to be International Tea Day, in order to tell people of tea’s value (价值). The cultural value of tea is in old traditions and everyday habits. In China, people use top-grade tea when treating important guests. British people are known for their afternoon tea, while in Russia, the beautiful teapot has become a symbol of Russian culture. Tea companies are trying to give the old drink a new look. They use good-looking designs to make their tea more attractive (吸引人的). Tea is also of value in keeping people healthy. Tea leaves can help lower the risk of cancer and heart disease (疾病). What’s more, tea keeps our mind clear. But doctors advise that we should not drink too much tea, or we might not fall asleep at night. 1．Where was tea invented? A．In America. B．In Russia. C．In England. D．In China. 2．Why does the UN make May 21 International Tea Day? A．To make people know the importance of tea. B．To teach people how to plant tea in China. C．To show people tea art performances. D．To tell tea is the most important drink. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3? A．The pretty teapot is a symbol of British culture. B．Russians are famous for afternoon tea. C．Chinese people use the best tea to treat important guests. D．British people use the best tea to treat themselves. 4．What does the underlined word ‘“They” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．Chinese people. B．Tea companies. C．Tea planters. D．Tea leaves. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Value of Tea B．The Taste of Tea C．The Ways of Making Tea D．The Price of Tea 主题03 人与自我——个人成长 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）A study points out that parents can take some key steps to raise children well. So, the parent-child relation is very important. Parents bring warmth (温暖) to children’s lives. They usually shower kids with love and support. As a child grows older, he finds warmth in the parent-child relation in other ways. Warmth can lead children to do very well in all things. In fact, parents are the children’s role models. They can teach children not to depend on parents or others. They are also very strict with children. That’s to say, children must do as they are told. Setting limits (限制) can help children focus on (集中) the work. For example, limiting television time can help them finish homework on time. From early childhood, the home becomes a school. And the dinner table might become the desk after dinner. Parents will educate their children much if the parent-child relation is strong. For example, reading books to them will improve their language skills and playing games with them will help them think. Mom and Dad play different roles in children’s lives. Moms are their life teachers. They teach children not to be afraid of new environments. They also spend time on simple and fun activities with children. Dads are their growing teachers. Fathers play an important role in children’s feelings and development. The father-child relation always helps children learn to show and control their feelings. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What can warmth of parents make the children do? A．Become too fat. B．Lose parents. C．Be good at sports. D．Have lots of books. 2．Why must some children do what their parents tell them to do? A．Because their parents are strict. B．Because their parents are right. C．Because they are independent. D．Because their parents love them. 3．What skills can children improve by playing games? A．Children’s language skills. B．Children’s ability to think. C．Children’s listening skills. D．Children’s communication skills. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．All the family members are the children’s teachers. B．Limiting television time can help children keep healthy. C．The father-child relation can help children grow strong. D．In children’s life, the parent-child relation is very important. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Parents need to spend much money on their children. B．The parent-child relation makes a big difference to children. C．Parents need to learn all kinds of skills to teach their children. D．The parent-child relation should be set up in the school lessons. Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）①There is always a discussion about whether you should get your kids to do chores around the house or not. However, it really has so many benefits (益处) to children that I find it hard to see why you wouldn’t get them to do a few simple chores. ②The most important reason is that getting children to do chores gives them a lot of life skills. They need to understand how to clean, how to cook, how to shop etc. It is, however, one of the things that schools don’t necessarily teach fully. ③Children like to feel proud about their achievements. They will feel happy to be able to help around the house. ④Giving your children a certain job or a certain area in the house to look after will help them learn how to be responsible (有责任的) in later life. They will see the benefit of keeping things clean and tidy—and also be thankful more for what you do for them as they grow up. ⑤Planning is a life skill that children can acquire from helping around the house. As children get older, you can start to teach them how to understand the needs of themselves and others. For example, if they help with the washing, then let them make sure that they do it in time. They may start to plan first. ⑥All these reasons to get kids to do chores and help around the house mean that they’ll grow up with a great set of skills that can be of benefit to them all their lives. Why not get started today? 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What is Right for learning to do chores according to the writer’s opinion? A．It never happens at school. B．It improves children’s life skills. C．It helps children be famous. D．It leads children to success. 2．What does the underlined word “acquire” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Accept. B．Use. C．Learn. D．Follow. 3．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．B．C．D． 4．How can doing chores help children in planning? A．By making them like free time. B．By letting them decide family rules. C．By allowing them to keep away from schoolwork. D．By teaching them to deal with time and tasks. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Ways to Help Around the House B．The Importance of Learning at Home C．Reasons to Get Children to Do Chores D．Advice on How to Do Chores Skillfully / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然— 科技生活 Passage1 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．A Passage2 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C Passage 3 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 主题02 人与社会— 文化传播 Passage1 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C Passage2 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 主题03 人与社会——健康体验 Passage1 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B Passage2 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 主题01 人与自我— 健康生活 Passage1 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C Passage2 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 主题02 人与社会— 文化与传统 Passage1 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B Passage2 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 主题03 人与自我——个人成长 Passage1 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B Passage2 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然— 科技生活 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）①Nowadays, DeepSeek is a famous name. It’s a great AI that surprises everyone. ②DeepSeek is clever. It can answer all kinds of difficult questions. You can ask about geography, like “What is a supermoon?” It will tell you many interesting facts. It’s also great for helping with schoolwork. If you have trouble with a math problem, don't worry! DeepSeek can show you how to work “it” out. ③What’s more, making great AI doesn’t need a lot of capital and a long time. The team spent only $ 5.58 million for two months. It uses a special way to work well on not-so-strong chips (芯片) and still works very well. The people behind it are so smart! ④However, DeepSeek isn’t perfect. Sometimes, the answers it gives may not be totally right. Because it gets information from the Internet. Some of the information is true, some is false. So, we can’t always trust its answers. ⑤ Another problem is about us. If we always depend on DeepSeek to answer questions, we will become lazy and stop thinking hard on our own. Our brains need to work, too! ⑥In the end, DeepSeek is a magic tool. It can help us a lot, but we need to use it carefully. We should enjoy the help it gives, but also keep our own thinking active. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What can DeepSeek help with according to Paragraph ②? A．Creating new AI models. B．Designing computer chips. C．Asking all kinds of difficult questions. D．Helping with schoolwork and problems. 2．What does the underlined word “capital” in Paragraph ③ mean? A．Time. B．Money. C．Computers. D．Training. 3．What does the author think about depending on DeepSeek? A．It makes our brains stronger. B．It improves our problem-solving skills. C．It’s helpful and we should rely on it completely. D．We may become lazy and stop thinking independently. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Every coin has two sides. B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. C．Love me, love my dog. D．Early to bed, early to rise. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了AI工具DeepSeek的优势、开发背景、局限性，并提醒人们要合理使用，保持独立思考。 1．文中第②段提到DeepSeek能回答各种难题、讲解地理知识、辅导数学作业，也就是可以在学业和问题上提供帮助。 2．根据划线词后提到的“The team spent only $5.58 million for two months.”可知，后文接着提出了该团队在两个月的时间里只花费了558万美元，因此capital指的是“钱”。 3．文中第⑤段提到“If we always depend on DeepSeek to answer questions, we will become lazy and stop thinking hard on our own”，说明作者认为过度依赖DeepSeek会让人变懒、不再独立思考。 4．文章结构为：①总起介绍DeepSeek；②③介绍优势；④⑤介绍不足；⑥总结全文，属于“总-分-总”结构，对应选项D。 5．文章既介绍了DeepSeek的优点，也说明了它的不足和使用风险，体现了事物都有两面性，对应谚语“Every coin has two sides（凡事皆有两面性）”。 Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林松原·期末）The AI has changed our lives. There are four useful AI inventions here. Jiuge The AI can remember 300,000 Chinese poems clearly. What’s more, it can write a poem in a very short time. In CCTV shows, Jiuge beat three great poem fans from a famous college. Forpheus The ping-pong robot can play in an easy way with a beginner and a difficult way with a better player. What’s more, it not only encourages players with words like “Good job!”, but also gives some good advice to improve their skills. Self-driving AI It can drive the car more safely than humans. It doesn’t drink wine and never feels tired. It can do what we humans do. For example, if a car with this AI has passed a bus, it will flash (闪) two white lights side to side to show thanks to the bus. Facial Recognition (人脸识别) It is used a lot in the world, such as ACS. ACS won’t let a stranger in without the house owner’s permission (允许). Paying by facial recognition is common now. The police in Hangzhou even caught a criminal at a concert with its help. 根据上文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How did Jiuge show its talent in CCTV shows? A．It wrote a poem faster than humans. B．It defeated three top poem fans from a college. C．It sang a song with facial recognition. 2．What is the main purpose of the AI named “Forpheus”? A．To teach people how to write poems. B．To play ping-pong and help players improve. C．To recognize faces in public places. 3．What are the advantages of the self-driving AI? ①It can do what humans do.    ②It can drive more safely than humans. ③It won’t let strangers in.    ④It can drive much faster than humans. A．①④ B．②③ C．①② 4．How does facial recognition help the police in Hangzhou? A．It pays for tickets at concerts. B．It catches criminals in crowds. C．It controls home security systems. 5．Which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Art B．Sports. C．Technology. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四项实用的人工智能发明，包括九歌、Forpheus、自动驾驶人工智能和人脸识别，分别阐述了它们的功能和特点。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章“In CCTV shows, Jiuge beat three great poem fans from a famous college.”可知，九歌在央视节目中击败了三位来自著名高校的诗歌迷。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“The ping-pong robot can play in an easy way with a beginner and a difficult way with a better player. What’s more, it not only encourages players with words like ‘Good job!’, but also gives some good advice to improve their skills.”可知，Forpheus的主要目的是打乒乓球并帮助球员提高技能。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章“It can drive the car more safely than humans. It doesn’t drink wine and never feels tired. It can do what we humans do.”可知，自动驾驶人工智能的优势包括比人类驾驶更安全，并且能做人类做的事情。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章“The police in Hangzhou even caught a criminal at a concert with its help.”可知，人脸识别帮助杭州警方在人群中抓捕罪犯。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据文章内容，介绍了四项人工智能发明，因此最可能摘自杂志的科技部分。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）①Have you watched the cartoon film Ne Zha 2? Have you heard of DeepSeek recently? Surprisingly, they are all created by young people who are leading China to a better future. Four of them are especially excellent. Let’s take a look at what achievements they have made. ②Yang Yu (Jiaozi), the director of “Ne Zha 2” was born in 1980 in Luzhou, Sichuan Province. Just like Ne Zha, he overcame many difficulties, spending five years bringing traditional stories to life with creativity. Since the movie came out, it has broken the box office (票房) records in Chinese film history and has become the number one. ③Born in 1985 in a small town in Guangdong Province, Liang Wenfeng showed a strong interest in AI technology from a young age and founded (创立) DeepSeek in 2023. DeepSeek’s App became the most popular free app in both China and the US. ④Although five years younger than Liang Wenfeng, Wang Xingxing from Zhejiang Province set up Unitree, a world-famous technology company. It developed the robots used in the dance performance YangBOT. These robots are not only for fun but also help in different tasks, such as carrying heavy things and even taking part in rescue (营救). ⑤Feng Ji who was born in 1982 in Jingzhou, Hubei created a high-quality gaming Black Myth: Wukong, China’s first big 3A game and won a prize. ⑥These young people are hard-working and not afraid to try new things, facing challenges bravely. They are truly role models and their success encourages all the Chinese. 1．Which of the following about Yang Yu is TRUE? A．He was born in Guangdong Province. B．He spent 3 years making Ne Zha 2. C．Ne Zha 2 is very successful in box office. D．He is not interested in traditional stories. 2．In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “overcame” probably means ________. A．had B．made C．beat D．saw 3．Which of the following is Liang Wenfeng’s work? A．B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Popular Chinese Cartoons and Games B．The Development of AI Technology in China C．Young People Making Great Achievements D．Different Jobs for Young People in China 5．What is the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲了杨宇、梁文锋等四位杰出年轻人在影视、AI、科技、游戏领域的成就，他们是榜样，其成功激励着国人。 1．细节理解题。根据“Yang Yu (Jiaozi), the director of ‘Ne Zha 2’... Since the movie came out, it has broken the box office in Chinese film history and became the number one.”可知，《哪吒2》在票房上非常成功。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Just like Ne Zha, he overcame many difficulties, spending five years bringing traditional stories to life with creativity.”可知，他像哪吒一样克服了许多困难，“overcame”在此处意为“克服”，与“beat”（战胜）意思相近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Liang Wenfeng... founded DeepSeek in 2023. Now DeepSeek’s App became the most download free app in both China and the US.”可知，DeepSeek是梁文锋的作品。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了杨宇、梁文锋、王兴兴、冯骥等年轻人在不同领域取得的杰出成就，强调他们是引领中国走向更好未来的年轻力量。故选C。 5．篇章结构题。文章第①段总述这些年轻人引领中国走向更好未来，是杰出代表；第②-⑤段分别介绍了杨宇、梁文峰、王兴兴、冯骥四人的成就；第⑥段总结这些年轻人的品质及他们的成功带来的鼓励。因此结构为“总-分-总”。故选A。 主题02 人与社会— 文化传播 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）Growing up in a small town in the United States, Jake Pinnick fell in love with Chinese martial arts (武术) at a young age thanks to actors like Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan. In 2010, 20-year-old Pinnick set off for Wudang Mountain to learn martial arts. In the first few years, he faced a lot of challenges like the language problem and the cultural differences. However, Pinnick never gave up. After years of study, he mastered several traditional Chinese exercises such as Tai Chi and Qigong. Later Pinnick decided to stay to help his master teach international students. “I came here for martial arts, but I stayed because of the culture behind it.” he said. In 2020, Pinnick started to introduce (介绍) Wudang culture to Western people online. Over the past few years, he and his Chinese wife have created and shared hundreds of short videos, drawing lots of fans from the United States and some European countries. Now he has over 1 million followers on the Internet. “Many Westerners hope to study on Wudang Mountain, but they don’t have the time or chance. So, I take Wudang culture to the West.” said Pinnick. Pinnick also enjoys reading Dao De Jing and playing traditional Chinese instruments. He hopes to open martial arts schools in the United States. “I want more people to get to know martial arts and Chinese culture.” he said. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．When was Jake Pinnick born? A．In 1985. B．In 1990. C．In 1995. D．In 2000. 2．Why did Pinnick choose to stay on Wudang Mountain? A．Because he met his wife there. B．Because he wanted to be a teacher. C．Because he wanted to be famous on the Internet. D．Because he loved the culture behind martial arts. 3．What’s the purpose of Pinnick’s short videos? A．To show his daily life on Wudang Mountain. B．To help Westerners learn about Wudang culture. C．To attract more international students to study there. D．To promote traditional Chinese instruments worldwide. 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as Pinnick’s interest? A．Reading Dao De Jing. B．Playing traditional Chinese instruments. C．Practicing Tai Chi and Qigong. D．Writing short stories about Wudang. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Pinnick’s family life with his Chinese wife. B．Pinnick’s study experience in the United States. C．Pinnick’s journey of introducing Wudang culture. D．Pinnick’s challenges in learning Chinese martial arts. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了美国青年杰克·平尼克因热爱中国武术前往武当山学习，在克服语言和文化障碍后成为武术教师，并通过短视频向西方传播武当文化，希望让更多人了解中国武术。 1．第二段第一句话给出答案：“In 2010, 20-year-old Pinnick set off... ”，直接用2010减去20，可以知道出生日期为1990年。 2．第二段最后一句给出原因：“...because of the culture behind it.”说明只有热爱武术背后的文化才会留下来。 3．第三段最后一句可以知道目的：“Many Westerners hope to study on Wudang Mountain, ... So, I take Wudang culture to the West”，解释了Pinnick拍短视频的目的是帮助西方人了解武当文化。 4．第二段提到“he mastered several traditional Chinese exercises such as Tai Chi and Qigong”，排除选项C；最后一段提到“reading Dao De Jing and playing traditional Chinese instruments”，排除选项A和B，故选项D符合题干要求(没有提到 Pinnick的兴趣)。 5．由文章每段的内容：Pinnick热爱武术——前往武当学习——留在武当教国际学生——拍视频向西方人介绍武当文化——计划在美开武校，让更多人了解武当文化，可以知道文章始终围绕“他学习并传播武当文化”这一主线，所以选项C符合主旨大意。 Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）①Do you know the new Yinxu Museum in Anyang, Henan? It opened to the public (公众) in February 2024. Nearly 4,000 cultural relics (文物) were on show, including bronze wares, pottery and oracle bones (青铜器、陶器和甲骨文). About three-fourths of these have never been seen by the public before. “It’s the first time that these cultural relics are shown in groups,” said Chen Xingcan, a worker in the Yinxu Museum. “This lets visitors see how people lived during the Shang Dynasty.” ②What was a prince’s life like 3,000 years ago? You can find answers in about 100 pieces of oracle bones, known as “The Prince’s Diary”. It turned out that the prince’s life was similar to ours. The prince wrote a “sick note” to ask if he still had to go to school when he was sick. He learned to dance and danced for his mum and dad. These oracle bones are just part of the treasures at the new Yinxu Museum. ③Apart from “The Prince’s Diary”, another eye-catching cultural relic is Ya Zhang Niu Zun. It’s a life-like buffalo-shaped (水牛形的) bronze ware. “It is often believed that there was no realistic casting art (现实主义锻造技术) in China back then. But through this, we can see that Chinese people knew about it from a very early time,” Li Xiaoyang, a member of the Anyang Cultural Heritage Bureau, said to China Daily. ④If you are interested in the culture and history of the Shang Dynasty, the new Yinxu Museum is the best place for you to have a look! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How many cultural relics in the new Yinxu Museum have never been seen by the public before? A．About 4,000. B．About 3,000. C．About 2,000. D．About 1,000. 2．What can we learn from “The Prince’s Diary”? A．It includes about 100 pieces of oracle bones. B．The prince’s life was so different from ours now. C．It’s a book written by a prince of the Shang Dynasty. D．The prince liked singing and often sang for his parents. 3．What does the underlined word “this” refer to (指代)? A．The Prince’s Diary. B．The realistic casting art. C．Ya Zhang Niu Zun. D．The culture and history of the Shang Dynasty. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Ya Zhang Niu Zun is a piece of buffalo-shaped pottery. B．Visitors can learn about the life of the Shang people in the museum. C．“The Prince’s Diary” is the most eye-catching cultural relic in the museum. D．The cultural relics in the new Yinxu Museum had been shown in groups before it opened. 5．Which of the following shows structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ...) A．B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕河南安阳新殷墟博物馆展开，通过介绍博物馆的展品、重要文物等信息，向读者介绍该博物馆及其所承载的商朝文化历史，旨在传递关于新殷墟博物馆的相关知识。 1．细节理解题。根据“Nearly 4,000 cultural relics were on show... About three-fourths of these have never been seen by the public before.”可知，4000件文物中约四分之三从未公开过，4000的四分之三是3000。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“You can find answers in about 100 pieces of oracle bones, known as ‘The Prince’s Diary’”可知，《王子日记》包含大约100片甲骨文。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Apart from ‘The Prince’s Diary’, another eye-catching cultural relic is Ya Zhang Niu Zun. It’s a life-like buffalo-shaped bronze ware... But through this, we can see that Chinese people knew about it from a very early time”可知，“this”指代前文提到的Ya Zhang Niu Zun。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“‘It’s the first time that these cultural relics are shown in groups,’ said Chen Xingcan... ‘This lets visitors see how people lived during the Shang Dynasty.’”可知，游客可以在博物馆了解商朝人的生活，该选项表述正确。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述新殷墟博物馆开放及展品情况，第二、三段分别介绍“王子日记”和“亚长牛尊”这两件文物，第四段总结新殷墟博物馆是了解商朝文化历史的好去处，是总—分—总结构。故选C。 主题03 人与社会——健康体验 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林四平·期末）Housework is an important part of keeping a healthy and happy home environment. It allows families to live in a clean and organized space that is free from dirt (灰尘). Doing housework can also be a way to show and look after family members. Jack is fifteen and he always gets good grades at school. You may think he spends all his time studying, but in fact, he spends some time doing housework every week. To find out the situation of doing housework in Jack’s family, I did a survey (调查) of what kinds of housework Jack does and how many times his family members do it each week. Here are the results. Doing housework is not the responsibility (责任) of a person; the whole family should share housework together. To have a cleaner and more comfortable home environment, everyone should do their part. 根据短文和图表内容，选择最佳答案。 1．The survey is mainly about ________. A．hobbies B．sports C．housework D．relationships 2．The housework that Jack does the most is ________ from Diagram I. A．doing the dishes B．making meals C．sweeping the floor D．taking out the rubbish 3．We know ________ according to Diagram I. A．Jack isn’t good at cooking B．Jack can’t fold the clothes C．there are no pets in Jack’s family D．Jack sweeps the floor more than he folds the clothes 4．According to Diagram II, Grandma does housework about ________ times a week. A．four B．five C．six D．seven 5．From this passage and the diagrams, we can know ________. A．Jack doesn’t study hard at school B．Jack’s mom does the housework ten times a week C．Jack’s dad does more housework than Jack’s mom D．Jack’s sister doesn’t do housework because she is too busy 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了家务活对保持健康快乐的家庭环境的重要性，并通过调查展示了Jack及其家庭成员每周做家务的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“To find out the situation of doing housework in Jack’s family, I did a survey (调查) of what kinds of housework Jack does and how many times his family members do it each week.”可知，调查是关于家务的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据图表I“Do the dishes, 25%”可知，Jack做的最多的家务是洗碗。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据图表I“Sweep the floor, 15%”及“Fold the clothes, 10%”可知，Jack扫地的占比比叠衣服高。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据图表II可知，奶奶每周做家务的次数是7次。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据图表II可知，妈妈每周做家务的次数是10次。故选B。 Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林四平·期末）In a primary school of Yunnan, there are over 500 students, but no one is nearsighted (近视的). It’s hard to believe. Three hours of outdoor activities and no mobile phones or computers—this might be the reason why they all have good eyesight (视力). In the school, children eat healthy food and have enough sleep every day. During class breaks, all of them need to go outside. When the three sports teachers of the school are busy, other teachers will teach students to play basketball and table tennis. To stop students from using mobile phones, the school installed (安装) six public phones in the hallways for them to call their parents. Even on weekends and during vacations, the school tells parents to care about kids’ eye health by sending messages. Sun Fubiao, the primary school’s headmaster (校长), tries his best to help students protect (保护) their eyesight, because he and five other teachers are nearsighted… “It’s uncomfortable to do many things wearing a pair of glasses in daily life,” he said. “I don’t want the children to have the same bad experience.” Now, people come up with many ideas to protect children’s eyesight. They need to do eye tests each term. Schools can’t give homework to first and second graders. These ways are really useful for children. But for them, it’s more important to go outside and play. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．Which is NOT true about the students of the primary school? A．They eat healthy food. B．They have enough sleep. C．They go outside during class breaks. D．They usually use mobile phones at school. 2．Where did the school install public phones? A．In the classroom. B．In the hallways. C．In the dining hall. D．In the library. 3．How does the school ask parents to protect children’s eyesight on weekends? A．By giving them calls. B．By discussing at home. C．By having parents’ meetings. D．By sending messages. 4．What does Sun Fubiao think of wearing glasses? A．Cool. B．Relaxing. C．Uncomfortable. D．Normal. 5．What does the last paragraph show us? A．Ways of protecting children’s eyesight. B．Ways of playing sports. C．Ways of finishing homework on time. D．Ways of teaching children in the school. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了云南一所小学通过户外活动、限制电子设备、健康饮食和充足睡眠等措施，全校500多名学生无一近视的成功经验，并探讨了保护视力的多种方法。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“no mobile phones or computers—this might be the reason why they all have good eyesight”可知，学生不使用手机。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“the school installed six public phones in the hallways”可知，公共电话安装在走廊。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“the school tells parents to care about kids’ eye health by sending messages”可知，学校通过发信息提醒家长保护孩子视力。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段校长的话“It’s uncomfortable to do many things wearing a pair of glasses”可知，他认为戴眼镜很不舒适。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。最后一段提到“people come up with many ideas to protect children’s eyesight”，列举了视力测试、减少作业等方法，主要讨论保护视力的多种途径。故选A。 主题01 人与自我— 健康生活 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林四平·期末）Health is the most important thing for a person. Here are some suggestions for staying healthy. First of all, you must sleep well. More and more people begin to stay up late. It’s bad for your body. Go to sleep before midnight, or you will be sick all the time. A glass of milk is helpful for your good sleep. Secondly, you need to have a rest. People walk quickly, eat quickly, talk quickly and work quickly. It is so hard for us to get slower. You have to stop to look up at the blue sky, smell the flowers or share food with the family. Slow down and enjoy your life, then you can work better. Thirdly, eat less sugar. Sugar is always around us. Ice cream, cupcakes, sweets and different kinds of desserts (甜点) are our favorites. But sugar can make people fat. Plenty of sugar can even make us get angry easily. It also brings you into more health troubles. So don’t have too much sugar. Last but not least, do not worry too much. It’s not easy for us to work or live well. Try to deal with the difficulties, and then let it go. Worrying about everything is not useful. 阅读上面的短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．There are ________ ways for people to keep healthy in the passage. A．three B．four C．five D．six 2．The expression “stay up late” in Paragraph 2 means  “________” in Chinese. A．待到晚上 B．熬夜 C．过夜 D．待得久 3．If you have too much sugar, you will ________. A．get fat B．be happy C．sleep well D．be sad 4．We should not ________. A．deal with the difficulties B．let it go C．live well D．worry too much 5．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A．Sleep after midnight. B．Have more sugar. C．Enjoy the beautiful things around you. D．Think about everything all the time. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了保持健康的四个建议：保证充足睡眠、适当休息、减少糖分摄入以及不要过度担忧。 1．细节理解题。根据“First of all, you must sleep well…Secondly, you need to have a rest…Thirdly, eat less sugar…Last but not least, do not worry too much”可知，提到四种方式。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“stay up late… It’s bad for your body. Go to sleep before midnight”可知，此处指熬夜对身体有害，应在午夜前入睡，所以“stay up late”的含义是“熬夜”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“But sugar can make people fat.”可知，糖会使人发胖。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Last but not least, do not worry too much.”可知，不要过度担忧。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“You have to stop to look up at the blue sky, smell the flowers or share food with the family. Slow down and enjoy your life, then you can work better.”可知，建议享受你周围的美好事物。故选C。 Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林·期末）①Many people travel to different places in the world by air. Usually it takes passengers a long time, perhaps half a day, to stay in the plane. So airlines offer passengers food. But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. Do you agree? ②To solve this problem, airlines try hard to improve their food. They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose passengers. However, according to scientific researches, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude (海拔), we can’t taste things as well as we do on the ground. Moreover, scientists have found that our noses become very dry even before a plane takes off. As the plane moves up, the change in the air pressure (气压) will make our taste buds (味蕾) become senseless. The sad fact, however, is that our noses don’t know it. All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad. ③They also help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers the salty and hot food. Without doing so, the food would be tasteless. ④Now there are many researches on this. According to them, some volunteers are asked to lie down, with their feet higher than their heads for weeks. And scientists write down their feelings when tasting food. ⑤Though scientists try their best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in the air pressure, making food taste good is still hard for them. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What does the underlined words “this problem” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．It means passengers stay long in the plane. B．It means food on the plane tastes bad. C．It means passengers have no food to eat. D．It means food on the plane is expensive. 2．Why do airlines offer food to passengers according to the passage? A．Because they want to make some money. B．Because passengers like to eat plane food. C．Because it usually takes passengers a long time to fly. D．Because food can make passengers relaxed. 3．What’s the main idea of the second paragraph? A．Why food on the plane tastes so bad. B．Why we can taste well on the ground. C．Why passengers feel good on the plane. D．Why our noses become dry on the plane. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．The volunteers have a good sense of taste. B．It’s hard to make plane food taste good. C．Researches on plane food have been successful. D．Airlines only offer the salty and hot food. 5．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨飞机上食物味道不佳的原因，以及航空公司为改善这一情况所做的努力和相关研究。 【详解】1．词句猜测题。根据文章第1段“But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. Do you agree?（但通常他们对食物味道不满意。你同意吗？ ）”以及第2段“To solve this problem, airlines try hard to improve their food.（为了解决这个问题，航空公司努力改善他们的食物 ）”，可知“this problem”指的是飞机上食物味道不好，故选B。 2．细节理解题。依据文章第1段“Many people travel to different places in the world by air. Usually it takes passengers a long time, perhaps half a day, to stay in the plane. So airlines offer passengers food.”，说明航空公司提供食物是因为乘客飞行时间长，故选C。 3．主旨大意题。文章第2段“However, according to scientific researches, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude (海拔), we can’t taste things as well as we do on the ground...All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad.”可知，该段主要讲飞机上食物味道差的原因，故选A。 4．推理判断题。从文章第5段“Though scientists try their best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in the air pressure, making food taste good is still hard for them.”可推断出让飞机上的食物味道好很难，故选B。 5．篇章结构题 。第1段提出飞机上食物味道不好的现象；第2、3段分析味道不好的原因；第4段讲相关研究；第5段说让飞机食物味道好仍有难度。整体是总分结构，①为总起，②③④⑤分别从不同方面阐述，对应结构A，故选A。 主题02 人与社会— 文化与传统 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）In Shandong’s countryside, three women are breaking down old ideas. They are using their talents and strong will to change their lives. Li Mei, 57, was once an English teacher. After retiring (退休), she learned to use modern farming technologies to grow apples, turning her farm into a model for growing better and more apples. Apples were hard to sell last year, so she began making English videos to sell them. Her videos are popular, and now she usually sells over 400 boxes of apples daily. “I want to show not just apples but everything wonderful about my hometown.” Li said. Wang Xia, 40, runs a baozi shop in Qufu. Different from Li, she started learning English last September to set an example for her son. Her videos recorded her journey from “broken English” to speaking fluently. After sharing her progress online, she got 17,000 fans, with some even visiting her shop to taste her baozi. Lyu Yuxia, a 52-year-old fruit farmer in Mengyin, loves writing a lot. She writes about her diary life and the beauty of her hometown. “In my childhood, my father, a teacher, loved telling me history stories and poems (诗) while doing farm work. I enjoyed them very much,” Lyu said. Encouraged by her son, she posted a poem online two years ago. It became popular with 9 million views. She became a famous country poet (诗人). 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What did Li Mei do after retiring? A．She opened a baozi shop. B．She grew apples and sold them online. C．She became a famous poet. D．She taught English online. 2．What does the underlined word “fluently” mean? A．Poorly. B．Slowly. C．Easily. D．Loudly. 3．Why did Lyu Yuxia write poems? A．Her son’s encouragement and father’s stories. B．Her love for farming life and work in the countryside. C．Her experience of selling apples in her daily life. D．The wishes from her fans on the Internet. 4．What do we know about from the reading? ①Li Mei uses English videos to sell apples. ②Wang Xia sets an example for her son to learn English. ③Lyu Yuxia became famous for her poems online. ④Li Mei still works as an English teacher. A．①③④ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①②③ 5．What’s the best title for the reading? A．Famous people in Shandong B．Three life-changing women C．Selling things in the country online D．Modern technology in the countryside 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了山东农村三位女性突破传统、改变生活的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Li Mei, 57, was once an English teacher. After retiring (退休), she learned to use modern farming technologies to grow apples, turning her farm into a model for growing better and more apples. Apples were hard to sell last year, so she began making English videos to sell them.”可知，李梅退休后种苹果并拍英语视频在网上卖。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Her videos recorded her journey from ‘broken’ English to speaking fluently.”可知，从“蹩脚”到流利是进步过程，“fluently”应是“流利地”，和easily“顺畅地、自如地”意思最贴近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“‘In my childhood, my father, a teacher, loved telling me history stories and poems (诗) while doing farm work. I enjoyed them very much,’ Lyu said. Encouraged by her son, she posted a poem online two years ago.”可知，吕玉霞写诗是因父亲的故事的影响和儿子鼓励。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Apples were hard to sell last year, so she began making English videos to sell them”.和“Wang Xia, 40, runs a baozi shop in Qufu. Different from Li, she started learning English last September to set an example for her son.”以及“Encouraged by her son, she posted a poem online two years ago. It became popular with 9 million views. She become a famous country poet (诗人).”可知，李梅用英语视频卖苹果”，“王霞为儿子学英语做榜样”，“吕玉霞因网上的诗出名”，综上可知，①②③正确。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。文章介绍了山东农村李梅、王霞、吕玉霞三位女性，分别通过种苹果拍视频、学英语、写诗的方式突破传统、改变生活。故选B。 Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）What is the oldest drink in the world? The answer might be tea. Thousands of years ago, Chinese people made this special drink first. Today, it is part of people’s everyday lives not only in China, but also in the rest of the world. In 2019, the United Nations announced (宣布) May 21 to be International Tea Day, in order to tell people of tea’s value (价值). The cultural value of tea is in old traditions and everyday habits. In China, people use top-grade tea when treating important guests. British people are known for their afternoon tea, while in Russia, the beautiful teapot has become a symbol of Russian culture. Tea companies are trying to give the old drink a new look. They use good-looking designs to make their tea more attractive (吸引人的). Tea is also of value in keeping people healthy. Tea leaves can help lower the risk of cancer and heart disease (疾病). What’s more, tea keeps our mind clear. But doctors advise that we should not drink too much tea, or we might not fall asleep at night. 1．Where was tea invented? A．In America. B．In Russia. C．In England. D．In China. 2．Why does the UN make May 21 International Tea Day? A．To make people know the importance of tea. B．To teach people how to plant tea in China. C．To show people tea art performances. D．To tell tea is the most important drink. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3? A．The pretty teapot is a symbol of British culture. B．Russians are famous for afternoon tea. C．Chinese people use the best tea to treat important guests. D．British people use the best tea to treat themselves. 4．What does the underlined word ‘“They” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．Chinese people. B．Tea companies. C．Tea planters. D．Tea leaves. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Value of Tea B．The Taste of Tea C．The Ways of Making Tea D．The Price of Tea 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了茶在文化、经济、商业以及健康方面的重要价值。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thousands of years ago, Chinese people made this special drink first.”可知，茶是在中国发明的。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段内容“In 2019, the United Nations announced (宣布) May 21 to be International Tea Day, in order to tell people of tea’s value (价值).”可知，因此联合国设立该节日是为了让人们了解茶的重要性。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In China, people use top-grade tea when treating important guests.”可知，中国人用最好的茶招待重要的客人。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Tea companies are trying to give the old drink a new look. They use good-looking designs to make their tea more attractive (吸引人的).”可知，茶叶公司正试图让这种古老的饮料焕然一新。他们用好看的设计使他们的茶更有吸引力。由此可知，此处“They”指的是Tea companies。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了茶在文化、经济、商业以及健康方面的重要价值。所以A选项“茶的价值”最适合做本文的标题。故选A。 主题03 人与自我——个人成长 Passage1 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）A study points out that parents can take some key steps to raise children well. So, the parent-child relation is very important. Parents bring warmth (温暖) to children’s lives. They usually shower kids with love and support. As a child grows older, he finds warmth in the parent-child relation in other ways. Warmth can lead children to do very well in all things. In fact, parents are the children’s role models. They can teach children not to depend on parents or others. They are also very strict with children. That’s to say, children must do as they are told. Setting limits (限制) can help children focus on (集中) the work. For example, limiting television time can help them finish homework on time. From early childhood, the home becomes a school. And the dinner table might become the desk after dinner. Parents will educate their children much if the parent-child relation is strong. For example, reading books to them will improve their language skills and playing games with them will help them think. Mom and Dad play different roles in children’s lives. Moms are their life teachers. They teach children not to be afraid of new environments. They also spend time on simple and fun activities with children. Dads are their growing teachers. Fathers play an important role in children’s feelings and development. The father-child relation always helps children learn to show and control their feelings. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What can warmth of parents make the children do? A．Become too fat. B．Lose parents. C．Be good at sports. D．Have lots of books. 2．Why must some children do what their parents tell them to do? A．Because their parents are strict. B．Because their parents are right. C．Because they are independent. D．Because their parents love them. 3．What skills can children improve by playing games? A．Children’s language skills. B．Children’s ability to think. C．Children’s listening skills. D．Children’s communication skills. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．All the family members are the children’s teachers. B．Limiting television time can help children keep healthy. C．The father-child relation can help children grow strong. D．In children’s life, the parent-child relation is very important. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Parents need to spend much money on their children. B．The parent-child relation makes a big difference to children. C．Parents need to learn all kinds of skills to teach their children. D．The parent-child relation should be set up in the school lessons. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了父母与孩子的关系对孩子的成长有着重要的影响。父母的温暖、严格的教育方式、家庭教育环境以及父母的角色分工都对孩子的各方面能力的提升有着积极的推动作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Warmth can lead children to do very well in all things.”可知，父母的温暖可以让孩子在所有方面都做得很好，孩子擅长运动是其中之一。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“They are also very strict with children. That’s to say, children must do as they are told. Setting limits can help children focus on the work.”可知，孩子必须按照父母的要求去做，这是因为父母对他们很严格，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, reading books to them will improve their language skills and playing games with them will help them think.”可知，和孩子一起玩游戏可以提高他们的思考能力，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“So, the parent-child relation is very important.”可知，父母与孩子的关系在孩子的生活中非常重要，故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了父母与孩子的关系对孩子的成长有着重要的影响，故选B。 Passage2 （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）①There is always a discussion about whether you should get your kids to do chores around the house or not. However, it really has so many benefits (益处) to children that I find it hard to see why you wouldn’t get them to do a few simple chores. ②The most important reason is that getting children to do chores gives them a lot of life skills. They need to understand how to clean, how to cook, how to shop etc. It is, however, one of the things that schools don’t necessarily teach fully. ③Children like to feel proud about their achievements. They will feel happy to be able to help around the house. ④Giving your children a certain job or a certain area in the house to look after will help them learn how to be responsible (有责任的) in later life. They will see the benefit of keeping things clean and tidy—and also be thankful more for what you do for them as they grow up. ⑤Planning is a life skill that children can acquire from helping around the house. As children get older, you can start to teach them how to understand the needs of themselves and others. For example, if they help with the washing, then let them make sure that they do it in time. They may start to plan first. ⑥All these reasons to get kids to do chores and help around the house mean that they’ll grow up with a great set of skills that can be of benefit to them all their lives. Why not get started today? 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What is Right for learning to do chores according to the writer’s opinion? A．It never happens at school. B．It improves children’s life skills. C．It helps children be famous. D．It leads children to success. 2．What does the underlined word “acquire” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Accept. B．Use. C．Learn. D．Follow. 3．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．B．C．D． 4．How can doing chores help children in planning? A．By making them like free time. B．By letting them decide family rules. C．By allowing them to keep away from schoolwork. D．By teaching them to deal with time and tasks. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Ways to Help Around the House B．The Importance of Learning at Home C．Reasons to Get Children to Do Chores D．Advice on How to Do Chores Skillfully 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要讨论了让孩子做家务的益处，包括培养生活技能、增强责任感、获得成就感以及学习规划能力等。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The most important reason is that getting children to do chores gives them a lot of life skills.”可知，做家务能提升孩子的生活技能。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据第五段“Planning is a life skill that children can acquire from helping around the house.”可知，acquire与“学习”意思相近。故选C。 3．结构分析题。文章首段提出观点，中间分段论述具体益处，最后总结建议，属于“总分总”结构。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段“if they help with the washing, then let them make sure that they do it in time.”可知，家务能教会孩子处理时间和任务。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕“让孩子做家务的原因”展开，列举多项益处。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $