期末复习之单元话题综合练（五大题型）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册期末复习人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语核心语言技能，通过五大题型15篇训练整合词汇、语法与话题，强化语境应用与综合表达，渗透文化意识与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|3篇|考查词汇辨析与语境理解，如动词、形容词及连词运用|以志愿者、自然保护等话题串联，构建"词汇-语境-主旨"逻辑链| |阅读理解|3篇|含信息查找、推理判断，涉及自然、安全、文化主题|从事实信息到深层含义，培养信息筛选与跨文化理解能力| |短文填空|3篇|语法填空与词汇运用，如动词时态、介词搭配|围绕安全、志愿活动等话题，强化语法规则在语篇中的应用| |选词填空|3篇|实词辨析与语境匹配，如名词、动词及副词|通过故事类语篇，训练词汇在具体情境中的准确运用| |书面表达|3篇|应用文写作（邮件、申请信），需连贯表达与文化适配|结合传统故事、志愿申请等，提升语言输出与跨文化沟通能力|

期末复习之单元话题综合练（五大题型） 本资料共15篇专项训练，分为五大题型，每个题型三篇。五大题型分别为完形填空、阅读理解、短文填空、选词填空、书面表达。 一、完形填空 Summer holidays in Grade 8 turned out to be one of the most meaningful periods in my life. I worked as a volunteer at a local hospital, where I 1 a lot of time with an elderly man called Mr. Gillespie. He had no visitors, and it seemed that no one really 2 him. Mr. Gillespie was in a coma (昏迷) and could hardly move, 3 I never left him alone. I sat beside his bed, held his hand, and read stories to him. Although he couldn’t answer, I saw him as a dear 4 . One week, I had to travel with my parents. When I 5 to the hospital, Mr. Gillespie was no longer there. I was too 6 to ask the nurses about his situation. Fear made me quiet, and I didn’t want to hear any bad news. Several years later, I saw a man at a gas station whose face looked 7 . “Are you Mr. Gillespie?” I asked with excitement. He looked 8 and slowly nodded. I told him that I was the volunteer who had looked after him in the hospital. With tears in his eyes, he gave me a warm 9 . He explained that during those unconscious (昏迷的) days, my voice had kept him alive He said, “Your voice was like a 10 in the dark.” That experience taught me a simple but powerful lesson: small acts of kindness can brighten someone’s life in ways you never imagine. 1．A．saved B．spent C．wasted D．missed 2．A．cared about B．talked about C．read about D．heard about 3．A．though B．or C．but D．because 4．A．teacher B．classmate C．parent D．friend 5．A．waited B．left C．returned D．moved 6．A．angry B．excited C．proud D．afraid 7．A．strange B．familiar C．new D．serious 8．A．tired B．bored C．surprised D．sleepy 9．A．hug B．job C．prize D．lesson 10．A．noise B．dream C．risk D．light 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者八年级暑假在医院做志愿者照顾昏迷老人，多年后意外重逢，感悟到善良能点亮他人生活的故事。 【详解】1．句意：我在当地一家医院做志愿者，在那里我花了很多时间陪一位叫Gillespie先生的老人。 根据“volunteer”和“a lot of time with...”可知，是花费时间陪伴老人，spend符合句意。其他选项语意不通。 1．句意：他没有访客，似乎没有人真正关心他。 根据“He had no visitors”可知，老人很孤独，没人关心。care about 符合语境。talked about/read about/heard about均无法体现无人探望的孤独感。 2．句意：Gillespie先生处于昏迷状态，几乎不能动，但我从未让他一个人待着。 根据前后文逻辑，前句描述老人病情严重无助，后句描述作者坚持陪伴，构成转折关系，体现作者的坚持与爱心。because表示因果，though通常引导让步状语从句置于句首或句中，结构不同。or表示“选择”，均与句意不符。应填but。 3．句意：虽然他不能回答，但我把他视为亲爱的朋友。 根据语境，作者与老人非亲属或师生关系，但在情感上亲近，friend最符合志愿者与患者之间建立的深厚情谊。其他选项身份不符。 4．句意：当我回到医院时，Gillespie先生已经不在了。 根据前文“I had to travel with my parents”可知，此处指旅行结束后“返回”医院。waited/left/moved均不符合行程逻辑。应填returned。 5．句意：我太害怕而不敢向护士询问他的情况。 根据后文“Fear made me quiet”及“didn’t want to hear any bad news”可知，作者内心是恐惧的。应填afraid。 6．句意：几年后，我在加油站看到一个男人，他的脸看起来很熟悉。 根据后文作者询问“Are you Mr. Gillespie?”可知，作者认出了他，说明面容是“熟悉”的。strange/new/serious无法引出后续的确认身份。应填familiar。 7．句意：他看起来很惊讶，慢慢点了点头。 根据语境，多年后突然被曾经的志愿者认出，正常反应是感到“惊讶”。tired/bored/sleepy不符合重逢时的情感逻辑。 8．句意：他眼里含着泪水，给了我一个温暖的拥抱。 根据“With tears in his eyes”及感激之情，warm hug是表达情感的最佳方式。job/prize/lesson不符合感人重逢的场景。 9．句意：你的声音就像黑暗中的一束光。 根据“in the dark”及比喻义，声音在昏迷黑暗中给予希望，light是固定比喻搭配，代表希望和指引。noise/dream/risk 均无此寓意。 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Last summer, I went on a trip to the countryside. One day, the weather suddenly changed. The sky turned dark and the wind began to blow 1 . Soon, a heavy rainstorm hit. We were trapped in a small cabin. I felt a little 2 at first, but then I calmed down. During the storm, we saw lightning and heard thunder. The thunder was so loud that it made the windows 3 . After the storm, we went outside. The trees were damaged, and some leaves were 4 everywhere. We helped to clean up the area. We also planted some new trees. This experience made me realize the 5 of protecting nature. We should not cut down too many trees. We should try our best to 6 the environment. When we protect nature, we are also protecting 7 . We should respect every 8 in nature, such as trees, flowers and animals. I believe if we all work together, we can make our earth more 9 . Let’s take action now to 10 the balance of nature. 1．A．softly B．strongly C．quietly D．slowly 2．A．excited B．surprised C．happy D．scared 3．A．shake B．shaken C．shaking D．to shake 4．A．flying B．feeling C．lying D．running 5．A．importance B．difficulty C．trouble D．success 6．A．protect B．destroy C．pollute D．ignore 7．A．ourselves B．yourself C．yourselves D．themselves 8．A．thing B．life C．person D．world 9．A．beautiful B．ugly C．dirty D．noisy 10．A．lose B．break C．keep D．forget 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者去年夏天在乡下遇到暴风雨，被困在小屋里。暴风雨过后，他看到树木受损、落叶遍地，便帮忙清理并补种树苗。这次经历让他意识到保护自然的重要性。 1．句意：天空变得昏暗，风开始猛烈地刮起来。 根据“Soon, a heavy rainstorm hit.”可知，暴风雨来之前风会“猛烈地”刮，用strongly。softly“轻柔地”、quietly“安静地”和slowly“缓慢地”均不符。 2．句意：一开始我有点害怕，但后来我冷静了下来。 根据“but then I calmed down”并结合常识可知，暴风雨来的时候作者是“害怕的”，和后面冷静下来形成对比，用scared。excited“兴奋的”、surprised“惊喜的”和happy“开心的”均不符。 3．句意：雷声太大了，震得窗户都在晃动。 make sth. do sth.是固定搭配，意为“使某物做某事”，故填动词原形shake。 4．句意：树木受损，一些树叶散落得到处都是。 结合常识可知，暴风雨过后，树叶会“散落”地上。lying everywhere表示“到处都是”，符合语境。flying“飞”、feeling“感受”和running“跑”均不符。 5．句意：这次经历让我意识到保护自然的重要性。 根据后一句“We should not cut down too many trees.”可知，这次经历让作者意识到保护自然的“重要性”，用importance。difficulty“困难”、trouble“麻烦”和success“成功”均不符。 6．句意：我们应该尽最大努力保护环境。 根据“We should not cut down too many trees.”可知，我们不应该砍太多树，而应该“保护环境”，用protect。destroy“破坏”、pollute“污染”和ignore“忽略”均不符。 7．句意：当我们保护自然时，我们也是在保护我们自己。 主语是we，反身代词用ourselves。 8．句意：我们应该尊重自然界中的每一个生命，比如树木、花朵和动物。 根据“such as trees, flowers and animals”可知，此处指自然界中的每一个“生命”，用life。thing“物品，东西”、person“人”和world“世界”均不符。 9．句意：我相信，如果我们共同努力，我们可以让地球变得更加美丽。 保护环境的目的是让地球变得更“美丽”，用beautiful。ugly“丑陋的”、dirty“脏的”和noisy“吵闹的”均不符。 10．句意：让我们现在就行动起来，保持自然的平衡吧。 作者在呼吁大家保护环境，keep the balance of是固定搭配，意为“保持……的平衡”，符合语境。lose“失去”、break“打破”和forget“忘记”均不符。 My name is Nina, and I have been a voluntary worker for two years. I started to do voluntary work when I was in middle school, and 1 then, it has become an important part of my life. I usually spend my weekends in a 2 near my home, helping the old people there. The elderly there are very kind, and they welcome us 3 every time we come. I often help them wash clothes and read newspapers for them. Sometimes, my classmates 4 and join me in the voluntary work. We work together, and I have learned the importance of 5 from it. I also take part in charity activities to raise money for people 6 . I use my 7 to buy some small gifts for the poor children in primary schools. Many ordinary people are 8 to help others, and their small efforts 9 a big difference to the world. Voluntary work teaches me the 10 of kindness and care. I believe that every ordinary person can do something meaningful if he or she is willing to try. 1．A．ever B．since C．just D．yet 2．A．nursing home B．stadium C．shelter D．school 3．A．warm B．gentle C．warmly D．gently 4．A．come along B．hand out C．sign up D．get lost 5．A．talent B．teamwork C．success D．effort 6．A．in need B．on the go C．in time D．at times 7．A．donation B．effort C．talent D．pocket money 8．A．ready B．willing C．familiar D．active 9．A．make B．take C．do D．get 10．A．value B．success C．practical D．voluntary 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了妮娜做志愿者的经历，她在养老院帮助老人、参与慈善活动，从中体会到善意与关爱的价值，明白了普通人也能通过微小努力带来改变。 1．句意：我从中学时就开始做志愿工作，从那以后，它就成了我生活中重要的一部分。 “since then”表示“从那以后”，常与现在完成时连用，符合语境。 2．句意：我通常在我家附近的养老院度过周末，帮助那里的老人。 后文提到“the elderly/old people”，对应场所是“nursing home”（养老院），符合上下文。 3．句意：那里的老人都很友善，每次我们来，他们都热情地欢迎我们。 修饰动词“welcome”需用副词，“warmly”（热情地）符合语境；“gently”（温柔地）不符合“欢迎”的场景。 4．句意：有时，我的同学们会过来和我一起参加志愿工作。 “come along”表示“一起来、跟着来”，与后文“join me”呼应；其他选项“hand out”（分发）、“sign up”（报名）、“get lost”（迷路）不符合语境。 5．句意：我们一起工作，我从中学会了团队合作的重要性。 “work together”对应“teamwork”（团队合作），符合逻辑。 6．句意：我也参加慈善活动，为有需要的人筹款。 固定搭配“people in need”表示“有需要的人”，是慈善活动的帮扶对象。 7．句意：我用我的零花钱给小学里的贫困孩子买一些小礼物。 学生的合理资金来源是“pocket money”（零花钱），符合语境。 8．句意：许多普通人都愿意帮助别人，他们的微小努力给世界带来了巨大的改变。 固定搭配“be willing to do sth.”表示“愿意做某事”，符合语境。 9．句意：许多普通人都愿意帮助别人，他们的微小努力给世界带来了巨大的改变。 固定搭配“make a big difference”表示“产生很大影响、带来巨大改变”。 10．句意：志愿工作教会了我善良与关爱的价值。 “the value of…”表示“……的价值”，符合语境；“voluntary”是形容词，不能直接用在“the”后。 二、阅读理解 There are many lakes in China. Today, let’s learn something about lakes. 湖泊名称 湖泊描述 Taihu Lake It is a freshwater lake in Jiangsu. There is a Fishing Festival every year. Fishing lovers go to Taihu Lake to fish. It is really a good place for fishing. Qiandao Lake It is a clear freshwater lake with beautiful hills and green forests around it. There are many kinds of fish in the lake. You can’t see some of them in other places in China. Yangcheng Lake It is between Taihu Lake and the Yangtze River. It is a freshwater lake and is famous for one thing, the Chinese mitten crab (大闸蟹), a kind of Chinese crab. Jinniu Lake It is a man-made lake in Nanjing. People made it many years ago. In summer, the wind is cool. It is a good place to go for a walk in summer. 1．If you are a fishing lover, which lake can you go to for the Fishing Festival? A．Taihu Lake. B．Qiandao Lake. C．Yangcheng Lake. D．Jinniu Lake. 2．What is Yangcheng Lake famous for? A．Fish. B．Fresh water. C．The Chinese mitten crab. D．Beautiful scenery. 3．Why is Jinniu Lake different from the other lakes? A．Because there are many kinds of fish in it. B．Because it is a man-made lake. C．Because it is a good place for fishing. D．Because it is a freshwater lake. 4．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Taihu Lake is a freshwater lake. B．You can see many kinds of fish in Qiandao Lake. C．Yangcheng Lake is between Taihu Lake and the Yangtze River. D．Jinniu Lake is a good place to have a walk in winter. 5．In which column (栏目) can you find the passage? A．Sports. B．Health. C．Culture. D．Nature. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的四个湖泊：太湖、千岛湖、阳澄湖和金牛湖，包括它们的特点和特色。 1．根据太湖的描述“There is a Fishing Festival every year. Fishing lovers go to Taihu Lake to fish.”，直接说明太湖每年都会举办钓鱼节，钓鱼爱好者可以前往参加。 2．根据阳澄湖的描述“It is a freshwater lake and is famous for one thing, the Chinese mitten crab (大闸蟹), a kind of Chinese crab.”，明确指出阳澄湖以中国大闸蟹闻名。 3．根据金牛湖的描述“It is a man-made lake in Nanjing.”，而其他湖泊（太湖、千岛湖、阳澄湖）均为天然淡水湖，因此“人工湖”是金牛湖与其他湖泊的核心区别。 4．根据金牛湖的描述“It is a good place to go for a walk in summer.”，说明金牛湖适合夏季散步，而非选项中提到的“winter（冬天）”，因此该表述错误；其余选项均与原文信息一致。 5．全文围绕中国的湖泊（自然景观）展开介绍，属于自然类内容，因此最可能出现在“Nature（自然）” 栏目。 How to Use a Fire Extinguisher A fire extinguisher is an important safety tool that can help you put out a small fire quickly. It is easy to use, making it a must-have for every family and public place. You can find it in many places, such as offices, schools, and homes. Knowing how to use it may save lives and prevent injuries. When a fire breaks out, a fire extinguisher can help you put it out quickly and safely. Just remember the “PASS” rule and follow the steps below. Key Steps — “PASS” Method: Fire Extinguisher 1. Pull the safety pin at the top of the extinguisher. 2. Aim (对准) the nozzle at the root of the fire. 3. Squeeze or press the lever to give out the extinguishing agent (灭火剂). 4. Sweep the nozzle from side to side until the fire is out. Remember: • Only use a fire extinguisher for small fires. For large fires, leave the place quickly and call 119 at once. • Stand at least 2 meters away from the fire to stay safe. • Check your fire extinguisher to make sure it works well. • If you cannot put out the fire in a few seconds, leave quickly and wait for help. 1．What does “PASS” mean in fire extinguisher use? A．Push, Aim, Spray, Stop. B．Push, Adjust, Spray, Stop. C．Pull, Aim, Sweep, Squeeze. D．Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep. 2．Which picture can best describe Step 4 of “PASS” Method? A． B． C． D． 3．What should you do if the fire gets bigger? A．Ask someone to help you. B．Leave the area and call 119. C．Keep spraying until it’s out. D．Try to find a bigger extinguisher. 4．You stand 1 meter from a small fire with a fire extinguisher. What should you do? A．Start sweeping at once. B．Move back at least one more meter. C．Move closer to aim better. D．Put it down and call 119 right away. 5．Where can you most likely read this passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a safety guide. C．In a cookbook. D．In a science fiction novel. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇关于灭火器使用方法的安全指南，介绍了灭火器的作用、“PASS”使用步骤及安全注意事项。 1．文中提到“Key Steps—‘PASS’ Method: 1. Pull the safety pin...2. Aim the nozzle...3. Squeeze or press the lever...4. Sweep the nozzle...”，说明“PASS”对应的四个步骤是Pull、Aim、Squeeze、Sweep。 2．文中提到第4步是“Sweep the nozzle from side to side until the fire is out”，即左右移动喷嘴灭火，选项A的图片展示了手持灭火器左右扫射灭火的动作，符合第4步的描述。 3．文中提到“For large fires, leave the place quickly and call 119 at once”，说明火势变大时应立即离开并拨打119。 4．文中提到“Stand at least 2 meters away from the fire to stay safe”，说明使用灭火器时需与火焰保持至少2米距离，若当前距离为1米，应后退至少1米。 5．本文介绍灭火器的使用方法和安全注意事项，这类内容最可能出现在安全指南中。 Once upon a time, in a quiet village, there lived a little girl named Maya. Maya was clever and curious (好奇的) but often forgot to use polite words like “please,” “thank you,” and “sorry.” She didn’t think they were important. One sunny afternoon, Maya went out to explore the forest near her home. Suddenly, she saw a beautiful garden behind a tall, locked gate. The garden was full of blooming flowers and singing birds. Maya pushed the gate, but it wouldn’t move. She saw a note on the gate: “Say the magic words to come in.” Maya thought hard. “Open sesame (芝麻) ?” she guessed, but nothing happened. She tried waving her hands and saying other words, but the gate still stayed closed. Finally, she stamped her foot and sat down disappointedly. Just then, an elder gardener appeared. “What’s the matter, little girl?” he asked with a gentle smile. “The gate won’t open! It says I need magic words, but I don’t know what they are,” Maya answered. The gardener smiled. “Magic words aren’t spells — they’re words that show kindness and respect (尊重) .” Maya didn’t understand and asked. “What kind of words?” “Try asking politely,” the gardener suggested. Feeling funny, Maya stood up and said, “Could you please open the gate?” To her surprise, the gate opened. When she walked inside, Maya was enchanted because of the beauty of the garden. The gardener gave her a flower and said, “Remember to always say ‘please’ when you ask, ‘thank you’ when you receive, and ‘sorry’ when you do wrong things. These magic words will open more doors than you can imagine.” From that day on, Maya never forgot the power of polite words. She used them often, and soon, everyone in the village noticed her kindness and thought highly of her. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What was Maya’s problem at the beginning of the story? A．She often forgot to use polite words. B．She was not curious about the world. C．She couldn’t open the gate by herself. D．She didn’t like the gardener’s garden. 2．How did Maya finally enter the garden? A．By saying “Open sesame” loudly. B．By finding the key to the locked gate. C．By waving her hands and singing songs. D．By using polite words and asking politely. 3．What can we know about the gardener from the story? A．He taught Maya the importance of politeness. B．He lived alone and needed someone to talk to. C．He wanted to play a joke on Maya with the gate. D．He only allowed clever children to enter the garden. 4．What does the underlined word “enchanted” mean? A．无聊的 B．感动的 C．失望的 D．着迷的 5．What does the text mainly tell us? A．Curiosity (好奇心) can give us great findings. B．It’s necessary to explore new places around us. C．Using polite words now and then is important. D．Elderly people always have wise advice to share. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文/寓言故事，讲述了小女孩Maya起初觉得礼貌用语不重要，后来在老园丁的引导下学会了“请”“谢谢”“对不起”这些“魔法词语”，并因此打开了花园的门，也赢得了大家的喜爱。 1．根据第一段第二句“…often forgot to use polite words like ‘please,’ ‘thank you,’ and ‘sorry.’”可知，她一开始的问题是经常忘记使用礼貌用语。C项是故事中遇到的情况，但不是她一开始的“问题”。 2．根据倒数第三段园丁的提示“Try asking politely”和Maya随后说的话“Could you please open the gate?”以及门打开的情节可知，她是通过使用礼貌用语、礼貌地请求进入花园的。D项正确。A和C两项是她试过但无效的方法；B项（找到钥匙）文中没有出现。 3．园丁告诉Maya“Magic words aren’t spells — they’re words that show kindness and respect”，并引导她用礼貌用语开门，最后还提醒她“These magic words will open more doors”。可见园丁教会了她礼貌的重要性。 4．根据语境，“When she walked inside, Maya was enchanted because of the beauty of the garden.”花园很美丽，她走进去之后感到……。她之前一直想进去，进去后看到了美景，情绪应是积极正面的。结合选项：D项“着迷的”最符合。A“无聊的”、B“感动的”（此处没有感动的情节）、C“失望的”均不符合。 5．故事从头到尾都在讲礼貌用语的重要性，最后一段也点明“Maya never forgot the power of polite words”。C项正确。A（好奇心）、B（探索新地方）、D（老人总有智慧）都不是故事的核心主旨。 三、短文填空 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整。 Seat belts keep people in the car away from serious injury (伤害) in the following ways: 1 (keep) people inside. People who are thrown (被抛) out from a car are 2 (fourth) times more likely to be killed than those who stay inside. To 3 (protection) the strongest part of the body. Seat belts can fix your body at its 4 (strong) parts of all. For an older child and adult, 5 (this) parts are the hips (臀部) and shoulders. To spread (分散) out the force in an accident. Seat belts spread the force of the accident over a wide area of the body. Seat belts also help keep your upper body away from the hard parts of the car if you stop 6 (sudden) or are hit by another car. To help the body to avoid (避免) a fast and deadly hit. 7 the help of the seats, your body can have more time to slow down 8 speed in an accident. So, it is of great 9 (important) to help both the drivers and the passengers. You won’t keep safe 10 you wear a seat belt. It takes only a few seconds (秒) to wear a seat belt once you get in the car, but this simple action could save your life. Why wouldn’t you? 【答案】 1．To keep 2．four 3．protect 4．strongest 5．these 6．suddenly 7．With 8．the 9．importance 10．unless 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了安全带保护乘车人的多种原理，包括将人固定在车内、保护身体关键部位、分散撞击力度、减缓撞击伤害等，进而强调乘车系安全带的重要性。 1．句意：将人固定在车内。此处为用不定式表目的，和后文To protect、To spread等结构平行，用动词不定式形式，句首首字母大写，故填To keep。 2．句意：被甩出汽车的人死亡概率是留在车内人员的四倍。fourth是序数词，此处表示数量“四”，用基数词four。 3．句意：保护身体最强壮的部位。不定式结构to do不定式表目的，空格处填动词原形，protection为名词，动词形式为protect。 4．句意：安全带能将你的身体固定在全身最强壮的部位。根据后文“of all”可知用最高级，strong的最高级为 strongest。 5．句意：对于大龄儿童和成年人来说，这些部位就是臀部和肩膀。后文parts为复数，this的复数形式为these。 6．句意：如果你突然刹车或被其他车辆撞击。此处修饰动词stop，需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly。 7．句意：借助座椅的作用，你的身体能有更长时间减速。固定搭配with the help of意为“在……的帮助下”，句首大写。 8．句意：在事故中降低速度。固定搭配slow down the speed 表示“减缓速度”，填定冠词the。 9．句意：因此，这对司机和乘客都至关重要。固定结构be of great importance=be very important，important的名词形式为importance。 10．句意：除非你系安全带，否则无法保证安全。结合语境，unless意为“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句，符合逻辑。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Volunteering at a nursing home is a meaningful activity. Teng Fei has been a volunteer there 1 last year. He exercises with the elderly to help them stay 2 (act). Sometimes he plays Chinese chess with them. He even teaches them how 3 (use) a mobile phone. Many elderly people feel very 4 (lone) because their families don’t visit often. Teng Fei and his friends spend time with them and listen to their interesting life 5 (story). Ella also wants to join the volunteer group because she thinks it’s important 6 care for the elderly. It’s fun 7 volunteer together. We can learn a lot from the elderly. They have so many stories and experiences 8 share with us. One day, we will all be old, so it’s good to care 9 them now. Volunteering not only helps others but also makes us 10 (feel) happy. 【答案】 1．since 2．active 3．to use 4．lonely 5．stories 6．to 7．to 8．to 9．for 10．feel 【导语】本文讲述了腾飞在养老院做志愿者的经历，以及他帮助老人的具体活动。文章还提到了艾拉也想加入志愿者团队，并阐述了做志愿者不仅能帮助他人，也能让自己感到快乐。 1．句意：腾飞从去年开始就一直在那里做志愿者。根据句中时态“has been”可知，本句为现在完成时，且“last year”是一个过去的时间点。在现在完成时中，表示“自从”某个时间点开始，应用介词since。 2．句意：他和老人们一起锻炼，帮助他们保持活跃。根据“stay”可知，此处stay为系动词，意为“保持”，后接形容词作表语。act是动词，其形容词形式为active，意为“活跃的”。 3．句意：他甚至教他们如何使用手机。根据“teaches them how”可知，此处考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。故填to use。 4．句意：许多老年人感到非常孤独，因为他们的家人不常来看望他们。根据“feel very”可知，feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语。lone是形容词，意为“孤独的”，但通常指“独自的”；此处表示“孤独的，寂寞的”情感状态，应用形容词lonely。 5．句意：腾飞和他的朋友们花时间陪伴他们，倾听他们有趣的生活故事。根据“their interesting life”可知，此处应用名词。story是可数名词，因为老人们的故事不止一个，所以应用其复数形式stories。 6．句意：艾拉也想加入志愿者小组，因为她认为照顾老人很重要。根据“it’s important”可知，此处考查固定句型“it is + adj. + to do sth.”，意为“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。 7．句意：一起做志愿者很有趣。根据“It’s fun”可知，此处同样考查固定句型“it is + n./adj. + to do sth.”，意为“做某事是有趣的”，应用动词不定式作真正的主语。 8．句意：他们有如此多的故事和经历可以与我们分享。根据“stories and experiences”可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词。 9．句意：总有一天我们都会变老，所以现在关心他们是件好事。根据“care”可知，此处考查固定短语care for，意为“照顾，关心”。 10．句意：做志愿者不仅帮助了别人，也让我们感到快乐。根据“makes us”可知，此处考查使役动词make的用法，即make sb. do sth.，意为“让某人做某事”，后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填feel。 1 most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the 2 (great) wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able 3 (touch) the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to-30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and 4 (change) weather. Climbing Qomolangma is 5 (danger). Some climbers reach the top 6 (success), but many fail. Why do people still risk their 7 (life) to climb the highest mountain in the world? It is because human 8 (curious) and ambition cannot be stopped. Or, as the English 9 (explore) George Mallory put it. It is 10 (simple ) “because it’s there”! 【答案】 1．To 2．greatest 3．to touch 4．changeable 5．dangerous 6．successfully 7．lives 8．curiosity 9．explorer 10．simply 【导语】本文介绍了珠穆朗玛峰作为世界奇迹的地位，描述了攀登珠峰恶劣艰险的环境，同时阐释了人类依然冒险登顶的原因——源于人类与生俱来的好奇心与永不停止的探索精神。 1．句意：对大多数人来说，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。固定搭配to most people，表示“对于大多数人”，句首首字母大写。 2．句意：对大多数人来说，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，great的最高级形式为greatest。 3．句意：在地球上最高的地方，你会感觉自己仿佛能够触碰到天空。固定搭配be able to do sth.，意为“能够做某事”。 4．句意：攀登者还必须应对稀薄的空气、陡峭的悬崖和多变的天气。此处需要形容词修饰名词weather，change的形容词形式changeable，意为“易变的、多变的”。 5．句意：攀登珠穆朗玛峰是危险的。be动词后接形容词作表语，danger的形容词形式dangerous。 6．句意：一些攀登者成功登顶，但很多人失败了。此处需要副词修饰动词reach，success的副词形式successfully。 7．句意：为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险去攀登世界最高峰？固定搭配risk one’s life，life的复数形式lives。 8．句意：这是因为人类的好奇心和野心无法被阻挡。形容词human后接名词，curious的名词形式curiosity。 9．句意：或者正如英国探险家乔治·马洛里所说。此处表示“探险家”，explore的名词形式explorer，特指某一位，用单数。 10．句意：原因很简单：“因为它就在那里！”此处需要副词修饰整个句子，simple的副词形式simply。 四、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 he  impossible  lucky  find  through  until  firefighter  throw  safe  cough It was 3:21 a.m. when 14-year-old Glenn Creamer was woken up by the smell of burning. And he realized at once what was happening. As his father was away on night duty, Glenn was worried about the 1 of his mother and his 10-year-old sister Karen. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen 2 she sat up. Then he helped her go to the garden. There, his sister took short and quick breaths and 3 . Glenn raced back into his mother’s room. However, he found it 4 to wake her up. But the boy kept calm and acted like a trained adult (成人). 5 , he found the bedroom telephone was still working, so Glenn called the firefighters. He went on saving his mother. He filled a bucket (桶) with water and 6 water over his mother and her bed. In this way, she would be kept away from the fire before the 7 arrived. Then he realized he had to find a way to help the firefighters 8 his mother quickly. Getting a ball of string (细绳), Glenn tied one end of the string to 9 mother’s hand. Then he laid out the string as he ran downstairs, went 10 the hall and back out into the garden. Minutes later, he was telling the firefighters, “The string can help you find my mother, please help take her back safely.” Finally, Mrs Creamer was saved successfully. 【答案】 1．safety 2．until 3．coughed 4．impossible 5．Luckily 6．threw 7．firefighters 8．find 9．his 10．through 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了少年Glenn在家中突发火灾时，沉着冷静地救助家人、配合消防员救援的故事。 1．句意：由于父亲上夜班不在家，Glenn很担心母亲和十岁妹妹Karen的安全。此处需要一个名词，上下文是火灾场景，Glenn担心家人的安危，故填safe的名词形式safety。 2．句意：他穿过烟雾弥漫的房子跑下楼，推拉Karen直到她坐起来。此处需要一个连词，句子描述的是持续推拉的动作，直到Karen醒来坐起，所以选择until。 3．句意：在那里，他的妹妹大口呼吸并咳嗽起来。此处需要一个动词过去式，因为前文提到环境是烟雾弥漫，所以妹妹会咳嗽，故填cough的过去式coughed。 4．句意：然而，他发现叫醒她是不可能的。此处需要一个形容词，母亲睡得很沉，在火灾中很难被叫醒，所以选择impossible。 5．句意：幸运的是，他发现卧室的电话还能用，所以Glenn拨打了消防电话。此处需要一个副词，在危急时刻电话还能用是一件幸运的事，故填lucky的副词形式Luckily。 6．句意：他提起一桶水，泼在母亲的身上和床上。此处需要一个动词过去式，因为句子描述的是用桶里的水浇湿床的动作，所以该动词表示“扔/泼”，故填throw的过去式threw。 7．句意：这样，在消防员到达之前，她就能远离火势。此处需要一个名词复数，因为前文提到他拨打了消防电话，所以等待的是消防员到来，故填firefighter的复数形式firefighters。 8．句意：然后他意识到必须想办法帮助消防员快速找到他的母亲。此处需要一个动词，因为后文提到他用细绳指引方向，目的是让消防员找到母亲，“help sb. (to) do sth.”表示 “帮助某人做某事”，所以选择find。 9．句意：拿了一团细绳，Glenn把绳子的一端系在他母亲的手上。此处需要一个形容词性物主代词，在句中表示“他的”，因为修饰的是名词“mother”，指代Glenn的母亲，故填he的形容词性物主代词his。 10．句意：然后他把绳子铺在他跑下楼的路上，穿过大厅，回到花园。此处需要一个介词，在句中表示“穿过”，因为句子描述的是他带着绳子穿过大厅的动作，所以选择through。 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。 Although  better  other  win  became  character  writer  take  ordinary  early  into If you ask me what my favourite novel is, I would say it’s The Ordinary World. Chinese 1 Lu Yao wrote the book. It 2 him six years to finish the million-word work. Lu Yao uses Sun Shaoan and Sun Shaoping as two examples to show us how the 3 people lived in the late twentieth century. In the book, Sun Shaoan, the elder brother, has to leave school 4 to support the family, putting down his textbooks and picking up a hoe to work as a farmer. Sun Shaoping, the younger brother studies day and night, eager to get 5 college. He dreams of leaving the poor village behind and making a life in the big city. 6 he returns home in the end, neither brother loses hope. They face the hardships of life with courage, working hard to build a 7 life for themselves and those they love. In 1991, The Ordinary World beat over 700 8 works and made Lu Yao 9 the Mao Dun Literature Prize. In 2014, a TV series of the same name came out. It 10 a big success. The actors and actresses did a good job and make the 11 so successful. 【答案】 1．writer 2．took 3．ordinary 4．early 5．into 6．Although 7．better 8．other 9．win 10．became 11．characters 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了路遥的著作《平凡的世界》，讲述了书中孙少安和孙少平两兄弟的故事，以及这部作品所取得的成就。 1．句意：中国作家路遥写了这本书。根据语境可知，此处指中国作家路遥，“writer”意为“作家”，符合语境。 2．句意：他花了六年时间完成这部百万字的作品。根据语境可知，此处指完成这部作品花费了路遥六年时间，“take”意为“花费”，符合语境，且根据语境可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故谓语动词应用过去式took。 3．句意：路遥以孙少安和孙少平为例，向我们展示了20世纪后期普通人的生活。根据语境可知，此处指“普通人”，“ordinary”意为“普通的”，符合语境。 4．句意：在书中，哥哥孙少安不得不早早辍学养家，放下课本，拿起锄头当农民。根据语境可知，此处指早早辍学，“early”意为“早地”，符合语境。 5．句意：弟弟孙少平日夜学习，渴望进入大学。根据语境可知，此处指进入大学，“get into”意为“进入”，符合语境。 6．句意：虽然他最终回到了家，但兄弟俩都没有失去希望。根据语境可知，前后句为转折关系，“although”意为“虽然”，符合语境，且位于句首首字母大写。 7．句意：他们勇敢地面对生活的艰辛，努力为自己和他们所爱的人创造更好的生活。根据语境可知，此处指创造更好的生活，“better”意为“更好的”，符合语境。 8．句意：1991年，《平凡的世界》击败了700多部其他作品，使路遥获得了茅盾文学奖。根据语境可知，此处指其他作品，“other”意为“其他的”，符合语境。 9．句意：1991年，《平凡的世界》击败了700多部其他作品，使路遥获得了茅盾文学奖。根据语境可知，此处指获得茅盾文学奖，“win”意为“赢得”，符合语境，且“make sb do sth”意为“使某人做某事”，故此处应用动词原形。 10．句意：它取得了巨大的成功。根据语境可知，此处指这部电视剧取得了巨大的成功，“become”意为“变得”，符合语境，且根据语境可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故谓语动词应用过去式became。 11．句意：演员们演得很好，使这些角色如此成功。根据语境可知，此处指使这些角色如此成功，“character”意为“角色”，符合语境，且根据“actors and actresses”可知，此处应用复数形式characters。 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内选出适当的单词，将其正确形式填入空白处。方框内有两个词为多余项。 safe  rather  decide  problem  repeat  quick  anybody  move  express  burn  careless  degree In life, we never know when we might face danger. When we deal with a dangerous situation, a clear mind and a brave heart are 1 important. One Saturday, 11-year-old Yang Yixin, from Changsha, visited her grandma in a village. That afternoon, Yang smelled something 2 . She ran outside and found the neighbour’s house on fire. She shouted, “Is there 3 inside?” After realizing that there was no one in the house, she made a 4 to tell her family about the fire, and she used her grandma’s phone to call 119. Yang’s family also found there was a 5 because of the dry firewood (柴火) behind the neighbour’s house. What’s worse, a forest was not far away. If the fire spread (扩散), it would cause a forest fire. They managed 6 the firewood to a safe place. Before long, firemen arrived and put out the fire. How did the fire happen? The neighbour cooked meat at home that afternoon. He was so 7 that he left without turning off the heat. Yang’s 8 action stopped a bigger disaster from happening. The villagers sent a thank-you letter to Yang’s school to 9 their thanks. Yang said, “I just did what I could do. I’m glad no one was hurt.” Later, the school invited the firemen to give a lesson about fire 10 . Yang and other students learned a lot and thought it was useful. 【答案】 1．rather 2．burning 3．anybody 4．decision 5．problem 6．to move 7．careless 8．quick 9．express 10．safety 【导语】本文讲述了11岁女孩杨依心在发现邻居家着火后，沉着应对并及时求助，阻止了一场更大灾难的故事，体现了她的机智与勇敢。 1．句意：当我们应对危险情况时，清醒的头脑和勇敢的心是相当重要的。此处修饰形容词important，需用副词形式，应用“rather”，表示“相当重要”。 2．句意：那天下午，杨依心闻到了烧焦的东西。后文提到邻居家着火了，因此是问到了烧焦的东西，应用burn的现在分词形式“burning”作后置定语，修饰something。 3．句意：她大喊：“里面有人吗？”句子“After realizing that there was no one in the house”表明是问房子里是否有人，句子是疑问句，应用“anybody”。 4．句意：意识到房子里没人后，她决定告诉家人火情，并用奶奶的电话拨打了119。空后“tell her family about the fire”是她做的决定，a后需跟名词单数形式，应用decide的名词形式“decision”。 5．句意：杨依心的家人也发现，邻居家后面的干柴火引发了问题。“because of the dry firewood (柴火) behind the neighbour’s house”表明邻居屋后的干柴火是一个安全隐患，应用“problem”表示“问题”，a后跟名词单数形式。 6．句意：他们设法把柴火移到了安全的地方。“... the firewood to a safe place.”表示“把柴火移到安全的地方”，manage to do sth“设法做某事”，应用move的不定式形式“to move”作宾语。 7．句意：他太粗心了，没关火就离开了。“he left without turning off the heat.”表明邻居是粗心的，was后跟形容词“careless”作表语。 8．句意：杨的快速行动阻止了一场更大的灾难发生。“stopped a bigger disaster from happening.”表明是她的快速行动阻止了更大灾难的发生，应用形容词“quick”作定语。 9．句意：村民们给杨依心的学校寄了一封感谢信来表达他们的谢意。“... their thanks”表示“表达感谢”，不定式符号to后跟动词原形，应用“express”。 10．句意：后来，学校邀请消防员上了一堂关于消防安全的课。“give a lesson about fire ...”表示“关于消防安全的课”，需将形容词safe转为名词safety，构成固定搭配fire safety，意为“消防安全”。 五、书面表达 1．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom在昨天的e-mail中告诉你，最近他对中国文化产生了浓厚的兴趣，希望你能给他介绍一些经典故事。请你根据下面所给图画，给Tom回复一封e-mail，向他讲述这一经典故事，并希望知道他对该故事及主人公的看法。 play hide and seek (捉迷藏), full of water fall into, be frightened (惊恐的), cry, run for help think over, pick up, throw at break, be saved 要求： 2. 文章需包括所有图画的内容，可以适当发挥，使全文连贯； 3. 词数：70-90词； 4. 邮件的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I’m very happy that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. Well, let me tell you a famous one with the name Sima Guang Hit the Tank. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Tom, I’m very happy that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. Well, let me tell you a famous one with the name Sima Guang Hit the Tank. Once Sima Guang was playing hide and seek with several children in the backyard. There was a large water tank in the yard. It was full of water. When the kids were playing, one child suddenly fell into the tank. Other children were so frightened that they cried and ran for help. However, Sima Guang thought it over. Then he picked up a big stone and threw it at the tank. The tank broke and the water ran out. He saved the kid. What do you think of Sima Guang? I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：邮件，介绍经典故事，用一般过去时为主 明确要点：故事内容（玩捉迷藏、孩子落水、司马光救人等情节） 确定人称：第三人称（Sima Guang/he等） 注意事项：文章需包括所有图画内容，邮件开头结尾已给出不计入总词数 [第二步：构思布局] 开头段：引出要介绍的中国经典故事 主体段：按照故事发展顺序讲述故事内容 结尾段：询问对方对该故事及主人公的看法 [第三步：要点展开] 故事背景：playing hide and seek with several children in the backyard/playing games in the garden等 水缸情况：There was a large water tank in the yard. It was full of water./A big water container was in the corner, filled with water等 孩子落水：one child suddenly fell into the tank/a kid accidentally dropped into the container等 其他孩子反应：Other children were so frightened that they cried and ran for help./The other kids were scared and shouted for assistance等 司马光行为：Sima Guang thought it over. Then he picked up a big stone and threw it at the tank./Sima Guang considered carefully. After that, he took a huge rock and hit the tank等 结果：The tank broke and the water ran out. He saved the kid./The container cracked and water flowed out. The child was rescued等 询问看法：What do you think of Sima Guang?/How do you feel about this story and Sima Guang?等 1．阳光儿童医院计划在暑假招募一批志愿者，服务内容为：帮助医院打扫卫生、照顾生病的小朋友。假如你是第一中学的李华，请给该项目的负责人周先生写一封字数不少于70的申请信。申请书的格式已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr Zhou, I’m Li Hua from No. 1 Middle School. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m eager to do this meaningful work. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Mr. Zhou, I’m Li Hua from No. 1 Middle School. I’m writing to be a volunteer at Sunshine Children’s Hospital during the summer holiday. I hope to help clean the hospital and take care of the sick children. First, I’ve always been willing to help others. Last year, I volunteered at a community center where I organized drawing classes for kids, and I realized how much joy small acts of kindness can bring. I am good at communicating with children — whether it’s telling stories to cheer them up or helping them with simple activities. Also, I’m patient when working with young kids. I’m eager to do this meaningful work. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：本文是一篇应用文，主要用一般现在时和一般过去时 明确要点：服务内容（具体事项）、个人优势（品质特征、具体活动） 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：不得透露真实学校、姓名等任何个人信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：直接表明写信目的，即申请成为儿童医院的志愿者 主体段：阐述个人优势，包括乐于助人、帮助小朋友等要点，同时表达自己的期望与信心 结尾段：以礼貌、得体的语句收尾，表达对收信人回复的期待 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：服务内容 具体事项：help clean the hospital/take care of the sick children/make the bed等 要点二：个人优势 品质特征：be good at communicating with children/be patient with kids/be willing to help others/know the needs of children等 具体活动：tell stories to cheer them up/help them with simple activities/sing songs for kids/read books for kids等 1．假如你是李雪，刚收到来自英国的笔友Linda的电子邮件，请你仔细阅读邮件内容并回复她。 Dear Li Xue, I gave my Chinese professor a clock for his birthday, but he seemed unhappy. Could you tell me why this might be improper? I also need some tips on gift-giving in China, so I can avoid misunderstandings in the future. Thanks for your help! Best, Linda 写作要求：1. 回复邮件须回答所给邮件中的问题，可适当发挥; 2. 语言表达要准确，语句要通顺、连贯； 3. 词数70左右。电子邮件的格式、开头和结尾已给出，不记入总词数。 Dear Linda, I’m sorry to hear about your trouble. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ If you have more questions about Chinese customs, please feel free to ask me. Yours, Li Xue 【答案】Dear Linda, I’m sorry to hear about your trouble. In China, giving a clock as a birthday gift isn’t a good idea. Because “giving a clock” in Chinese sounds like an expression connected to death. So people think it brings bad luck. But don’t feel bad—your professor knows you didn’t do it on purpose! Here are some tips for giving gifts in China. It’s best to choose gifts like tea or flowers packaged in bright colours. Also, use both hands when you give or receive a gift—it shows respect. If you have more questions about Chinese customs, please feel free to ask me. Yours, Li Xue 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：电子邮件，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：解释教授收到礼物不开心的原因，就中国送礼物给出一些建议 确定人称：以第三人称（people）为主 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头句：已给出，表示同情对方的困扰 主体段：具体解释中国教授收到钟作为生日礼物不开心的原因，并就中国送礼物提供一些建议 结尾段：已给出，总结全文 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：中国教授不喜欢生日礼物的原因 sounds like/connected to death/brings bad luck/cultural taboo等 要点二：就中国送礼物提出建议 choose tea or flowers/in bright colours/use both hands/polite等 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末复习之单元话题综合练（五大题型） 本资料共15篇专项训练，分为五大题型，每个题型三篇。五大题型分别为完形填空、阅读理解、短文填空、选词填空、书面表达。 一、完形填空 Summer holidays in Grade 8 turned out to be one of the most meaningful periods in my life. I worked as a volunteer at a local hospital, where I 1 a lot of time with an elderly man called Mr. Gillespie. He had no visitors, and it seemed that no one really 2 him. Mr. Gillespie was in a coma (昏迷) and could hardly move, 3 I never left him alone. I sat beside his bed, held his hand, and read stories to him. Although he couldn’t answer, I saw him as a dear 4 . One week, I had to travel with my parents. When I 5 to the hospital, Mr. Gillespie was no longer there. I was too 6 to ask the nurses about his situation. Fear made me quiet, and I didn’t want to hear any bad news. Several years later, I saw a man at a gas station whose face looked 7 . “Are you Mr. Gillespie?” I asked with excitement. He looked 8 and slowly nodded. I told him that I was the volunteer who had looked after him in the hospital. With tears in his eyes, he gave me a warm 9 . He explained that during those unconscious (昏迷的) days, my voice had kept him alive He said, “Your voice was like a 10 in the dark.” That experience taught me a simple but powerful lesson: small acts of kindness can brighten someone’s life in ways you never imagine. 1．A．saved B．spent C．wasted D．missed 2．A．cared about B．talked about C．read about D．heard about 3．A．though B．or C．but D．because 4．A．teacher B．classmate C．parent D．friend 5．A．waited B．left C．returned D．moved 6．A．angry B．excited C．proud D．afraid 7．A．strange B．familiar C．new D．serious 8．A．tired B．bored C．surprised D．sleepy 9．A．hug B．job C．prize D．lesson 10．A．noise B．dream C．risk D．light 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Last summer, I went on a trip to the countryside. One day, the weather suddenly changed. The sky turned dark and the wind began to blow 1 . Soon, a heavy rainstorm hit. We were trapped in a small cabin. I felt a little 2 at first, but then I calmed down. During the storm, we saw lightning and heard thunder. The thunder was so loud that it made the windows 3 . After the storm, we went outside. The trees were damaged, and some leaves were 4 everywhere. We helped to clean up the area. We also planted some new trees. This experience made me realize the 5 of protecting nature. We should not cut down too many trees. We should try our best to 6 the environment. When we protect nature, we are also protecting 7 . We should respect every 8 in nature, such as trees, flowers and animals. I believe if we all work together, we can make our earth more 9 . Let’s take action now to 10 the balance of nature. 1．A．softly B．strongly C．quietly D．slowly 2．A．excited B．surprised C．happy D．scared 3．A．shake B．shaken C．shaking D．to shake 4．A．flying B．feeling C．lying D．running 5．A．importance B．difficulty C．trouble D．success 6．A．protect B．destroy C．pollute D．ignore 7．A．ourselves B．yourself C．yourselves D．themselves 8．A．thing B．life C．person D．world 9．A．beautiful B．ugly C．dirty D．noisy 10．A．lose B．break C．keep D．forget My name is Nina, and I have been a voluntary worker for two years. I started to do voluntary work when I was in middle school, and 1 then, it has become an important part of my life. I usually spend my weekends in a 2 near my home, helping the old people there. The elderly there are very kind, and they welcome us 3 every time we come. I often help them wash clothes and read newspapers for them. Sometimes, my classmates 4 and join me in the voluntary work. We work together, and I have learned the importance of 5 from it. I also take part in charity activities to raise money for people 6 . I use my 7 to buy some small gifts for the poor children in primary schools. Many ordinary people are 8 to help others, and their small efforts 9 a big difference to the world. Voluntary work teaches me the 10 of kindness and care. I believe that every ordinary person can do something meaningful if he or she is willing to try. 1．A．ever B．since C．just D．yet 2．A．nursing home B．stadium C．shelter D．school 3．A．warm B．gentle C．warmly D．gently 4．A．come along B．hand out C．sign up D．get lost 5．A．talent B．teamwork C．success D．effort 6．A．in need B．on the go C．in time D．at times 7．A．donation B．effort C．talent D．pocket money 8．A．ready B．willing C．familiar D．active 9．A．make B．take C．do D．get 10．A．value B．success C．practical D．voluntary 二、阅读理解 There are many lakes in China. Today, let’s learn something about lakes. 湖泊名称 湖泊描述 Taihu Lake It is a freshwater lake in Jiangsu. There is a Fishing Festival every year. Fishing lovers go to Taihu Lake to fish. It is really a good place for fishing. Qiandao Lake It is a clear freshwater lake with beautiful hills and green forests around it. There are many kinds of fish in the lake. You can’t see some of them in other places in China. Yangcheng Lake It is between Taihu Lake and the Yangtze River. It is a freshwater lake and is famous for one thing, the Chinese mitten crab (大闸蟹), a kind of Chinese crab. Jinniu Lake It is a man-made lake in Nanjing. People made it many years ago. In summer, the wind is cool. It is a good place to go for a walk in summer. 1．If you are a fishing lover, which lake can you go to for the Fishing Festival? A．Taihu Lake. B．Qiandao Lake. C．Yangcheng Lake. D．Jinniu Lake. 2．What is Yangcheng Lake famous for? A．Fish. B．Fresh water. C．The Chinese mitten crab. D．Beautiful scenery. 3．Why is Jinniu Lake different from the other lakes? A．Because there are many kinds of fish in it. B．Because it is a man-made lake. C．Because it is a good place for fishing. D．Because it is a freshwater lake. 4．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Taihu Lake is a freshwater lake. B．You can see many kinds of fish in Qiandao Lake. C．Yangcheng Lake is between Taihu Lake and the Yangtze River. D．Jinniu Lake is a good place to have a walk in winter. 5．In which column (栏目) can you find the passage? A．Sports. B．Health. C．Culture. D．Nature. How to Use a Fire Extinguisher A fire extinguisher is an important safety tool that can help you put out a small fire quickly. It is easy to use, making it a must-have for every family and public place. You can find it in many places, such as offices, schools, and homes. Knowing how to use it may save lives and prevent injuries. When a fire breaks out, a fire extinguisher can help you put it out quickly and safely. Just remember the “PASS” rule and follow the steps below. Key Steps — “PASS” Method: Fire Extinguisher 1. Pull the safety pin at the top of the extinguisher. 2. Aim (对准) the nozzle at the root of the fire. 3. Squeeze or press the lever to give out the extinguishing agent (灭火剂). 4. Sweep the nozzle from side to side until the fire is out. Remember: • Only use a fire extinguisher for small fires. For large fires, leave the place quickly and call 119 at once. • Stand at least 2 meters away from the fire to stay safe. • Check your fire extinguisher to make sure it works well. • If you cannot put out the fire in a few seconds, leave quickly and wait for help. 1．What does “PASS” mean in fire extinguisher use? A．Push, Aim, Spray, Stop. B．Push, Adjust, Spray, Stop. C．Pull, Aim, Sweep, Squeeze. D．Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep. 2．Which picture can best describe Step 4 of “PASS” Method? A． B． C． D． 3．What should you do if the fire gets bigger? A．Ask someone to help you. B．Leave the area and call 119. C．Keep spraying until it’s out. D．Try to find a bigger extinguisher. 4．You stand 1 meter from a small fire with a fire extinguisher. What should you do? A．Start sweeping at once. B．Move back at least one more meter. C．Move closer to aim better. D．Put it down and call 119 right away. 5．Where can you most likely read this passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a safety guide. C．In a cookbook. D．In a science fiction novel. Once upon a time, in a quiet village, there lived a little girl named Maya. Maya was clever and curious (好奇的) but often forgot to use polite words like “please,” “thank you,” and “sorry.” She didn’t think they were important. One sunny afternoon, Maya went out to explore the forest near her home. Suddenly, she saw a beautiful garden behind a tall, locked gate. The garden was full of blooming flowers and singing birds. Maya pushed the gate, but it wouldn’t move. She saw a note on the gate: “Say the magic words to come in.” Maya thought hard. “Open sesame (芝麻) ?” she guessed, but nothing happened. She tried waving her hands and saying other words, but the gate still stayed closed. Finally, she stamped her foot and sat down disappointedly. Just then, an elder gardener appeared. “What’s the matter, little girl?” he asked with a gentle smile. “The gate won’t open! It says I need magic words, but I don’t know what they are,” Maya answered. The gardener smiled. “Magic words aren’t spells — they’re words that show kindness and respect (尊重) .” Maya didn’t understand and asked. “What kind of words?” “Try asking politely,” the gardener suggested. Feeling funny, Maya stood up and said, “Could you please open the gate?” To her surprise, the gate opened. When she walked inside, Maya was enchanted because of the beauty of the garden. The gardener gave her a flower and said, “Remember to always say ‘please’ when you ask, ‘thank you’ when you receive, and ‘sorry’ when you do wrong things. These magic words will open more doors than you can imagine.” From that day on, Maya never forgot the power of polite words. She used them often, and soon, everyone in the village noticed her kindness and thought highly of her. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What was Maya’s problem at the beginning of the story? A．She often forgot to use polite words. B．She was not curious about the world. C．She couldn’t open the gate by herself. D．She didn’t like the gardener’s garden. 2．How did Maya finally enter the garden? A．By saying “Open sesame” loudly. B．By finding the key to the locked gate. C．By waving her hands and singing songs. D．By using polite words and asking politely. 3．What can we know about the gardener from the story? A．He taught Maya the importance of politeness. B．He lived alone and needed someone to talk to. C．He wanted to play a joke on Maya with the gate. D．He only allowed clever children to enter the garden. 4．What does the underlined word “enchanted” mean? A．无聊的 B．感动的 C．失望的 D．着迷的 5．What does the text mainly tell us? A．Curiosity (好奇心) can give us great findings. B．It’s necessary to explore new places around us. C．Using polite words now and then is important. D．Elderly people always have wise advice to share. 三、短文填空 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整。 Seat belts keep people in the car away from serious injury (伤害) in the following ways: 1 (keep) people inside. People who are thrown (被抛) out from a car are 2 (fourth) times more likely to be killed than those who stay inside. To 3 (protection) the strongest part of the body. Seat belts can fix your body at its 4 (strong) parts of all. For an older child and adult, 5 (this) parts are the hips (臀部) and shoulders. To spread (分散) out the force in an accident. Seat belts spread the force of the accident over a wide area of the body. Seat belts also help keep your upper body away from the hard parts of the car if you stop 6 (sudden) or are hit by another car. To help the body to avoid (避免) a fast and deadly hit. 7 the help of the seats, your body can have more time to slow down 8 speed in an accident. So, it is of great 9 (important) to help both the drivers and the passengers. You won’t keep safe 10 you wear a seat belt. It takes only a few seconds (秒) to wear a seat belt once you get in the car, but this simple action could save your life. Why wouldn’t you? 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Volunteering at a nursing home is a meaningful activity. Teng Fei has been a volunteer there 1 last year. He exercises with the elderly to help them stay 2 (act). Sometimes he plays Chinese chess with them. He even teaches them how 3 (use) a mobile phone. Many elderly people feel very 4 (lone) because their families don’t visit often. Teng Fei and his friends spend time with them and listen to their interesting life 5 (story). Ella also wants to join the volunteer group because she thinks it’s important 6 care for the elderly. It’s fun 7 volunteer together. We can learn a lot from the elderly. They have so many stories and experiences 8 share with us. One day, we will all be old, so it’s good to care 9 them now. Volunteering not only helps others but also makes us 10 (feel) happy. 1 most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the 2 (great) wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able 3 (touch) the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to-30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and 4 (change) weather. Climbing Qomolangma is 5 (danger). Some climbers reach the top 6 (success), but many fail. Why do people still risk their 7 (life) to climb the highest mountain in the world? It is because human 8 (curious) and ambition cannot be stopped. Or, as the English 9 (explore) George Mallory put it. It is 10 (simple ) “because it’s there”! 四、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 he  impossible  lucky  find  through  until  firefighter  throw  safe  cough It was 3:21 a.m. when 14-year-old Glenn Creamer was woken up by the smell of burning. And he realized at once what was happening. As his father was away on night duty, Glenn was worried about the 1 of his mother and his 10-year-old sister Karen. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen 2 she sat up. Then he helped her go to the garden. There, his sister took short and quick breaths and 3 . Glenn raced back into his mother’s room. However, he found it 4 to wake her up. But the boy kept calm and acted like a trained adult (成人). 5 , he found the bedroom telephone was still working, so Glenn called the firefighters. He went on saving his mother. He filled a bucket (桶) with water and 6 water over his mother and her bed. In this way, she would be kept away from the fire before the 7 arrived. Then he realized he had to find a way to help the firefighters 8 his mother quickly. Getting a ball of string (细绳), Glenn tied one end of the string to 9 mother’s hand. Then he laid out the string as he ran downstairs, went 10 the hall and back out into the garden. Minutes later, he was telling the firefighters, “The string can help you find my mother, please help take her back safely.” Finally, Mrs Creamer was saved successfully. 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。 Although  better  other  win  became  character  writer  take  ordinary  early  into If you ask me what my favourite novel is, I would say it’s The Ordinary World. Chinese 1 Lu Yao wrote the book. It 2 him six years to finish the million-word work. Lu Yao uses Sun Shaoan and Sun Shaoping as two examples to show us how the 3 people lived in the late twentieth century. In the book, Sun Shaoan, the elder brother, has to leave school 4 to support the family, putting down his textbooks and picking up a hoe to work as a farmer. Sun Shaoping, the younger brother studies day and night, eager to get 5 college. He dreams of leaving the poor village behind and making a life in the big city. 6 he returns home in the end, neither brother loses hope. They face the hardships of life with courage, working hard to build a 7 life for themselves and those they love. In 1991, The Ordinary World beat over 700 8 works and made Lu Yao 9 the Mao Dun Literature Prize. In 2014, a TV series of the same name came out. It 10 a big success. The actors and actresses did a good job and make the 11 so successful. 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内选出适当的单词，将其正确形式填入空白处。方框内有两个词为多余项。 safe  rather  decide  problem  repeat  quick  anybody  move  express  burn  careless  degree In life, we never know when we might face danger. When we deal with a dangerous situation, a clear mind and a brave heart are 1 important. One Saturday, 11-year-old Yang Yixin, from Changsha, visited her grandma in a village. That afternoon, Yang smelled something 2 . She ran outside and found the neighbour’s house on fire. She shouted, “Is there 3 inside?” After realizing that there was no one in the house, she made a 4 to tell her family about the fire, and she used her grandma’s phone to call 119. Yang’s family also found there was a 5 because of the dry firewood (柴火) behind the neighbour’s house. What’s worse, a forest was not far away. If the fire spread (扩散), it would cause a forest fire. They managed 6 the firewood to a safe place. Before long, firemen arrived and put out the fire. How did the fire happen? The neighbour cooked meat at home that afternoon. He was so 7 that he left without turning off the heat. Yang’s 8 action stopped a bigger disaster from happening. The villagers sent a thank-you letter to Yang’s school to 9 their thanks. Yang said, “I just did what I could do. I’m glad no one was hurt.” Later, the school invited the firemen to give a lesson about fire 10 . Yang and other students learned a lot and thought it was useful. 五、书面表达 1．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom在昨天的e-mail中告诉你，最近他对中国文化产生了浓厚的兴趣，希望你能给他介绍一些经典故事。请你根据下面所给图画，给Tom回复一封e-mail，向他讲述这一经典故事，并希望知道他对该故事及主人公的看法。 play hide and seek (捉迷藏), full of water fall into, be frightened (惊恐的), cry, run for help think over, pick up, throw at break, be saved 要求： 2. 文章需包括所有图画的内容，可以适当发挥，使全文连贯； 3. 词数：70-90词； 4. 邮件的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I’m very happy that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. Well, let me tell you a famous one with the name Sima Guang Hit the Tank. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 1．阳光儿童医院计划在暑假招募一批志愿者，服务内容为：帮助医院打扫卫生、照顾生病的小朋友。假如你是第一中学的李华，请给该项目的负责人周先生写一封字数不少于70的申请信。申请书的格式已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr Zhou, I’m Li Hua from No. 1 Middle School. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m eager to do this meaningful work. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 1．假如你是李雪，刚收到来自英国的笔友Linda的电子邮件，请你仔细阅读邮件内容并回复她。 Dear Li Xue, I gave my Chinese professor a clock for his birthday, but he seemed unhappy. Could you tell me why this might be improper? I also need some tips on gift-giving in China, so I can avoid misunderstandings in the future. Thanks for your help! Best, Linda 写作要求：1. 回复邮件须回答所给邮件中的问题，可适当发挥; 2. 语言表达要准确，语句要通顺、连贯； 3. 词数70左右。电子邮件的格式、开头和结尾已给出，不记入总词数。 Dear Linda, I’m sorry to hear about your trouble. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ If you have more questions about Chinese customs, please feel free to ask me. Yours, Li Xue 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $