期末复习之单元话题综合练（五大题型长沙专用）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册期末复习（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语期末综合能力提升，以五大题型（完形填空等）各3篇专项训练为载体，实现跨话题知识整合与核心素养融合。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|3篇（健康生活/庞贝古城/大峡谷）|语境词汇辨析与语篇理解|围绕“人与自我/自然”主题，从基础词汇到复杂语境，提升语言能力| |阅读理解|3篇（甲型流感/植物纪录片/巨人的花园）|细节查找与推理判断|涵盖科普、文化、故事类文本，培养思维品质与文化意识| |短文填空|3篇（责任青少年/撒哈拉沙漠/匡衡凿壁）|语法应用与词性转换|结合社会热点与历史典故，强化语言知识综合运用能力| |选词填空|3篇（急救/生病就医/志愿者活动）|固定搭配与语境选词|贴近生活场景，提升学习能力与实际语言应用| |书面表达|3篇（课余活动/爱好/长白山环保）|话题写作与内容拓展|关联个人生活与社会议题，融合文化意识与思维品质|

期末复习之单元话题综合练（五大题型长沙专用） 本资料共15篇专项训练，分为五大题型，每个题型三篇。五大题型分别为完形填空、阅读理解、短文填空、选词填空、书面表达。 一、完形填空 All of us need to relax and stay healthy. As teenagers, we are growing up 1 time flies. We have study pressure, but we should learn to 2 ourselves. Doing sports is a great way. It not only makes us strong but also 3 our mind. We should have good eating 4 and sleep well. Nature is full of 5 . We can go hiking, climb mountains or enjoy flowers. It helps us relax and 6 the beauty of life. When we face difficulties, we should be brave. Growing up is not always easy, but it’s 7 . We should learn to solve problems by 8 and keep a positive attitude. Let’s cherish every day. Relax 9 , keep healthy, grow up healthily and enjoy the 10 of nature. Our life will be more colorful. 1．A．so B．and C．but D．or 2．A．help B．relax C．hurt D．push 3．A．relaxes B．cheats C．wastes D．practices 4．A．habits B．hobbies C．places D．time 5．A．problems B．wonders C．rules D．stories 6．A．hate B．miss C．enjoy D．change 7．A．boring B．meaningful C．tiring D．common 8．A．ourselves B．myself C．themselves D．himself 9．A．properly B．hardly C．badly D．nearly 10．A．danger B．beauty C．trouble D．noise 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文倡导青少年通过运动、亲近自然等方式放松身心，保持健康，积极成长。 1．句意：作为青少年，我们成长得很快，时光飞逝。 根据“we are growing up”和“time flies”可知，因为我们正处于快速成长的阶段，所以感觉时间过得飞快。so意为“所以”，符合语境。 2．句意：我们有学习压力，但我们应该学会放松自己。 面对压力，我们需要学会“放松”自己来缓解压力。relax意为“放松”，符合语境。 3．句意：它不仅使我们强壮，还能舒缓我们的心灵。 根据前文“Doing sports is a great way”可知，本句在写运动的好处，“relaxes our mind”符合文意。cheats“欺骗”，wastes“浪费”均为负面表达，practices“练习”更侧重于智力活动，不太恰当。 4．句意：我们应该有良好的饮食习惯，并且睡好。 “have good eating…”和“sleep well”并列，强调睡眠和饮食习惯，选“habits”。hobbies意为“兴趣，爱好”，不符合文意。 5．句意：大自然充满奇妙之处。 根据后文“We can go hiking, climb mountains or enjoy flowers.”可知，前面在讲自然之美。wonders“奇观”符合。 6．句意：它帮助我们放松，享受生活之美。 根据“the beauty of life”可知，是“享受”enjoy生活之美。miss“错过/怀念”，change“改变”偏离文意。 7．句意：成长并不总是容易的，但它是有意义的。 由but可知，此处强调成长的价值，meaningful“有意义的”符合原文。boring“无聊的”，tiring“令人疲惫的”和common“普通的”都不形成转折和强调语义。 8．句意：我们应该学会靠自己解决问题，并保持积极的态度。 by oneself是固定搭配，意为“独自地”，此处应用反身代词。主语是We，应用ourselves。 9．句意：恰当地放松，保持健康，健康成长，享受大自然之美。 本句强调恰当地放松，“relax properly”呼应前文，而hardly“几乎不”，badly“糟糕地”不合逻辑。nearly“几乎”语义不通。 10．句意：恰当地放松，保持健康，健康成长，享受大自然之美。 根据结尾“Our life will be more colorful.”和动词“enjoy”可知，此处是享受自然之美。danger“危险”，trouble“麻烦”和noise“噪音”不符文意。 August 24th, in the year 79 AD, began like any other day in Pompeii. The sun shone brightly, and the streets were full of life. Merchants were selling fruits, and children were playing in the squares. No one knew that death was hiding under the beautiful mountain, Mount Vesuvius. At noon, a loud noise was heard. It sounded like thunder, but the sky was clear. Suddenly, the mountain 1 . A huge cloud of ash and smoke shot up into the sky. It looked like a giant pine tree. The people were 2 . They didn’t know what to do. Some ran to the temples to pray to the gods. Others ran to the sea to find boats. The ash began to fall like black snow. It covered the streets and filled the air. It became hard to 3 . The air was hot and smelled of burning sulfur. A brave man named Pliny tried to help his friends. He sailed towards the mountain to save people, but the sea became too rough because of the 4 earthquakes. By the next morning, Pompeii was gone. The city was 5 under meters of ash and stones. For hundreds of years, the world forgot about Pompeii. It was a lost city, a 6 frozen in time. In the 18th century, people began to dig it out. What they found was shocking. They found houses with furniture, paintings on the walls, and even food on the tables. They also found the shapes of people who had died. By pouring plaster (石膏) into the empty spaces in the ash, scientists created statues of the victims. These statues show us the 7 fear on their faces. Pompeii teaches us a lesson. Nature is powerful. We can build great cities, but we cannot control the Earth. When nature loses its 8 , it can take everything away in a moment. Today, millions of tourists visit Pompeii every year. They walk on the old stones and look at the mountain. It is a 9 reminder of how fragile (脆弱的) life is. We must respect nature. We must listen to the 10 of the earth, or we might suffer the same fate as the people of Pompeii. 1．A．fell B．exploded C．moved D．opened 2．A．excited B．happy C．terrified D．angry 3．A．see B．hear C．speak D．breathe 4．A．small B．violent C．deep D．light 5．A．built B．washed C．buried D．found 6．A．treasure B．memory C．secret D．time capsule 7．A．final B．first C．great D．small 8．A．way B．temper C．mind D．color 9．A．happy B．sad C．strong D．weak 10．A．sounds B．noises C．warnings D．voices 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了公元79年维苏威火山爆发摧毁庞贝古城的历史事件，警醒人们尊重自然、倾听地球的警告。 1．句意：突然，那座火山爆发了。 前文提到维苏威火山，后文描述火山灰和烟雾喷向天空，说明火山爆发。exploded“爆发、爆炸”符合语境；fell倒下、moved移动、opened打开均不符合。 2．句意：人们吓坏了。 前文提到火山突然爆发，火山灰和烟雾冲向天空，人们面对突如其来的灾难应是感到害怕。terrified“害怕的、受惊吓的”符合语境；excited兴奋的、happy高兴的、angry生气的均不符合。 3．句意：灰烬像黑雪一样开始飘落，覆盖了街道，弥漫在空气中，人们开始呼吸困难。 前文提到火山灰充满空气，后文空气炎热且有硫磺味，可知呼吸变得困难。breathe“呼吸”符合语境；see看见、hear听见、speak说话均不符合。 4．句意：他向火山驶去救人，但由于剧烈的地震，海面变得过于汹涌。 前文提到地震，后文海面变得汹涌，说明地震很强烈。violent“剧烈的、强烈的”符合语境；small小的、deep深的、light轻微的均不符合。 5．句意：这座城市被埋在几米厚的火山灰和石头之下。 火山爆发后庞贝城被火山灰掩埋。buried“掩埋”符合语境；built建造、washed冲刷、found发现均不符合。 6．句意：它是一座失落的城市，一个凝固在时间里的时间胶囊。 前文提到庞贝城被世人遗忘了数百年，它保留了古罗马时期的生活场景，就像一个时间胶囊。time capsule“时间胶囊”符合语境；treasure宝藏、memory记忆、secret秘密均不符合。 7．句意：这些雕像向我们展示了他们脸上最后的恐惧。 前文提到科学家通过石膏制作遇难者的雕像，这些人在火山爆发时死去，脸上的恐惧应是最后的瞬间。final“最终的、最后的”符合语境；first第一的、great伟大的、small小的均不符合。 8．句意：当大自然发脾气时，它可以在瞬间带走一切。 前文提到我们无法控制地球，大自然的力量巨大，当它失控时会造成灾难，lose one’s temper为固定搭配，意为“发脾气”。temper“脾气”符合语境；way方式、mind想法、颜色均不符合。 9．句意：这是一个强有力的提醒，提醒我们生命是多么脆弱。 前文提到数百万游客参观庞贝古城，看着那座火山，这段历史给予人们的是一种深刻的警示。strong“强有力的”符合语境；happy快乐的、sad悲伤的、weak虚弱的均不符合。 10．句意：我们必须倾听地球的警告，否则我们可能会遭受与庞贝人同样的命运。 前文提到尊重自然，后文说否则会遭受同样命运，因此应倾听地球给出的警告。warnings“警告”符合语境；sounds声音、noises噪音、voices人声均不符合。 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The world is full of amazing natural wonders. One of the most famous ones is the Grand Canyon (大峡谷). It is in Arizona, the USA．It is not the deepest canyon in the world, but it is the most famous one. The Grand Canyon is 446 kilometers long, up to 29 kilometers wide and 1.6 kilometers deep. It is a 1 of nature’s power (力量). The Colorado River has been cutting down the rock for millions of years to 2 this amazing canyon. When you visit the Grand Canyon, you can 3 the beautiful scenery from different places. You can walk along the trails (小径) or take a bus to see the amazing views. The colors of the rocks change 4 the time of day. In the morning, the rocks are red and orange. At noon, they look bright yellow. In the evening, when the sun goes down, they turn dark red and purple. It is really a 5 sight. Many scientists come to the Grand Canyon to 6 the rocks. They can learn a lot about the earth’s history from them. Some people also come here to 7 their holidays. They enjoy hiking, camping and taking photos. The Grand Canyon is not just a beautiful place. It is also a 8 place. We should protect it and keep it clean and beautiful for the next generation (下一代). If you have a 9 to visit the USA, don’t miss it. It is a place you will never 10 . 1．A．sign B．symbol C．secret D．problem 2．A．build B．visit C．find D．show 3．A．enjoy B．miss C．forget D．change 4．A．depending on B．looking at C．thinking of D．listening to 5．A．boring B．terrible C．wonderful D．common 6．A．clean B．study C．draw D．show 7．A．spend B．take C．cost D．pay 8．A．dangerous B．private C．valuable D．crowded 9．A．book B．chance C．job D．hobby 10．A．remember B．visit C．forget D．like 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国亚利桑那州的大峡谷。文章从大峡谷的规模、形成原因、游览体验、科学研究价值以及保护意义等方面进行了描述，展现了大峡谷作为自然奇迹的壮丽与珍贵。 1．句意：它是大自然力量的象征。 前文描述了峡谷的规模（长、宽、深），这些都是大自然经过数百万年塑造的结果。symbol意为“象征”，符合语境。sign“标志/迹象”、secret“秘密”、problem“问题”均不恰当。 2．句意：科罗拉多河数百万年来不断侵蚀岩石，造就了这座令人惊叹的峡谷。 build在此处表示 “（自然力量）形成、造就”，符合河流长期切割岩石形成峡谷的过程；find“找到”、show“展示”均不符合自然形成的逻辑。 3．句意：当你参观大峡谷时，你可以从不同的地方欣赏美丽的风景。 enjoy在此意为“欣赏、享受”，与“beautiful scenery”搭配自然。miss“错过”、forget“忘记”、change“改变”均不符合语境。 4．句意：岩石的颜色随着一天中的时间而变化。 后文描述了早晨、中午、傍晚岩石颜色的不同，说明颜色变化是由时间决定的。depending on意为“取决于”，准确地表达了这种因果关系。looking at“看”、thinking of“想到”、listening to“听”均不符合。 5．句意：这真是一个美妙的景象。 前文生动描写了岩石颜色随时间的美丽变化（红橙色→亮黄色→暗红紫色），作者明显持赞美态度。wonderful 意为“美妙的、极好的”，符合语境。boring“无聊的”、terrible“糟糕的”、common“普通的”均与文意相反。 6．句意：许多科学家来到大峡谷研究岩石。 后文明确指出“They can learn a lot about the earth’s history from them”，说明科学家通过岩石了解地球历史。study意为“研究”，是科学家从事岩石相关工作的最准确动词。clean“清洁”、draw“画”、show“展示”均无法引出“了解地球历史”这一结果。 7．句意：有些人也来这里度假。 spend holidays是英语中表达“度假、度过假期”的标准固定搭配。take需与a holiday搭配而非their holidays；cost主语应为物；pay需与for连用。 8．句意：它也是一个有价值的地方。 后文提到“我们应该保护它，为下一代保持它的清洁和美丽”，说明保护的原因是它“有价值”。valuable 意为“有价值的、宝贵的”，符合逻辑。dangerous“危险的”、private“私人的”、crowded“拥挤的”均不能合理解释为什么要为下一代保护它。 9．句意：如果你有机会去美国旅游，不要错过它。 have a chance to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“有机会做某事”，符合语境。book“书/预订”、job“工作”、hobby“爱好”均不符合。 10．句意：这是一个你永远不会忘记的地方。 前文描述了大峡谷的壮观与独特，never forget意为 “永远不会忘记”，符合语境；remember“记得”、visit“参观”、like“喜欢”均无法体现 “令人印象深刻、难以忘怀” 的含义。 二、阅读理解 Influenza A (甲型流感), commonly called the flu, is a common virus that spreads (传播) quickly among people. It mainly spreads through coughing, sneezing, or touching polluted things. Many people, especially children and the elderly, may easily get the virus. The usual signs of influenza A include a high fever, a bad cough, a sore throat, a runny nose, and strong body pains. Some people may have a headache or even feel sick to their stomachs. Unlike a simple cold, the flu comes on quickly and makes people feel much weaker. Here are some tips to stay away from influenza A．First, wash hands often with soap (肥皂) and clean water. Second, keep away from crowds (人群) and sick people as much as possible. Third, open windows to let fresh air in every day. Wearing masks in public places is also a good idea. Last, getting a vaccine (疫苗) each year is the most effective (有效的) way to stop it. But what should we do if we feel very sick when we have the flu? 1．Which group of people may get influenza A easily according to the text? A．Young and strong adults. B．Middle-aged people. C．Children and the old. D．People who exercise often. 2．How may you feel if you have influenza A? A．Angry. B．Nervous. C．Disappointed. D．Tired. 3．What is the best way to stop influenza A? A．Getting a vaccine every year. B．Washing hands often. C．Keeping away from crowds. D．Getting fresh air often. 4．What may the writer talk about next? A．Right ways to fight against influenza A． B．A real experience of influenza A． C．The best time to stop influenza A． D．Common signs to have influenza A． 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了甲型流感的传播方式、常见症状、预防措施以及接种疫苗的重要性。 1．第一段明确指出：“Many people, especially children and the elderly, may easily get the virus”，说明儿童和老年人容易感染甲流。 2．第二段提到“Unlike a simple cold, the flu comes on quickly and makes people feel much weaker”，说明感染甲型流感后会让人感觉很虚弱，也就是很累。 3．第三段明确指出：“getting a vaccine each year is the most effective way to stop it”，说明每年接种疫苗是预防甲流最有效的方法。 4．文章先介绍了甲流的症状、传播方式和预防措施，最后提出问题“what should we do if we feel very sick when we have the flu?”，因此接下来很可能介绍感染甲流后的正确应对方法。 Have уou ever seеn this flowеr? The flоwer is rеаlly big. Its colоur is rеd. Lооk closеly, and yоu cаn find that it hаs tеeth. It is cаlled Rafflesia. It is the wоrld’s biggеst flоwer. Yоu сan seе it in thе doсumentаry (纪录片)—Тhе Grееn Рlanеt. Тhе Grеen Рlanеt is a nеw documеntаrу from BВC． It shоws us thе wоrld оf plants. То find differеnt plаnts from thе wоrld, the film wоrkеrs travеllеd from the rаinfоrest to some snоwу рlаces. They аlsо сlimbed mountains and wаlked into dеsеrts. То find рlants in thе water, theу evеn jumpеd intо rivers. Тhosе film workеrs trаvеllеd tо twenty-sеvеn cоuntries and it tооk thеm аbout four уears to finish the documentary. The documentarу oрens our еyеs tо the nаturаl wоrld, and it shаres an importаnt mеssage with us. Plants аrе rеаllу vеrу imрortаnt in nаture. Тheу help us in many waуs, suсh as mаking oхуgеn, сleaning the air and giving us foоd. Тhеу аre our best friends. Wе shоuldn’t damagе them. We neеd tо prоteсt thеm. Alwaуs remembеr, whаt we do in the neхt 20 yеаrs will deсide the futurе of рlants in the world. 1．How dоеs the writеr begin thе pаssage? A．Ву telling а stоry. B．Ву asking a quеstion. C．By listing numbеrs. D．Bу showing a saying. 2．Whаt is Rafflesia? A．Thе name оf a documеntаry. B．Тhе nаme of a flоwer. C．Тhе namе of а mаn. D．Thе nаme оf а placе. 3．What do wе know abоut the dосumentаry? A．It is аbоut thе wоrld оf animаls. B．Its film wоrkеrs travelled to 27 соuntriеs just fоr fun. C．Its film workеrs wоrked hаrd tо find plants. D．It makеs us know littlе аbout thе nаturаl world. 4．Whаt’s the best title for the раssаge? A．Оur World. B．Different Рlants. C．A Nеw Dоcumеntary. D．The Futurе of Plаnts. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了BBC纪录片《绿色星球》，通过讲述其拍摄背景、过程及传递的环保理念，呼吁人们关注植物、保护自然。   1．第一段，文章以问句开篇：“Have you ever seen this flower?”，这直接说明作者通过提出问题的方式引入话题。 2．第一段明确介绍了大王花：“It is called Rafflesia. It is the world’s biggest flower.”，说明Rafflesia是一种花的名字。 3．第二段详细描述了纪录片的拍摄过程：“the film workers travelled to twenty-seven countries and it took them about four years to finish the documentary.”，体现了摄制组为寻找植物付出了艰辛努力。 4．全文围绕 BBC 纪录片The Green Planet展开，介绍了其拍摄背景、内容及环保主题， “A New Documentary”是最贴合全文主旨的标题。 Every afternoon, as they were coming from school, the children used to go and play in the Giant (巨人)’s garden. It was a large lovely garden, with soft green grass, beautiful flowers and twelve peach trees. The birds sat on the trees and sang so sweetly that the children used to stop their games to listen to them. “How happy we are here!” they cried to each other. One day the Giant came back and saw the children playing in the garden. “What are you doing here?” he cried in a very unfriendly voice, and the children ran away. “My own garden is my own garden,” said the Giant, “I will let nobody play in it but myself.” So he built a high wall all round it. He was a very selfish Giant. The poor children had nowhere to play. They had to walk round the high wall and talk about the beautiful garden inside. “How happy we were there,” they said to each other. Months later, “I cannot understand why the Spring is so late in coming,” said the selfish Giant as he sat at the window and looked out at his cold white garden; “I hope there will be a change in the weather.” But the Spring never came, nor the Summer. The Autumn gave golden fruit to every garden, but to the Giant’s garden she gave none. So it was always Winter there. One morning the Giant was lying in bed when he heard some lovely music. It was so long since he had heard a bird sing in his garden. He jumped out of bed and looked out. What did he see? Through a little hole in the wall the children had climbed in, and they were sitting in the branches (枝头) of the trees. The birds were flying about and the flowers were looking up through the green grass and laughing. The Giant’s heart melted (融化). “Now I know why the Spring would not come here,” he said; “I will knock down the wall and my garden shall be the children’s playground for ever and ever.” Adapted by The Giant’s Garden 1．How did the Giant feel when he saw the children for the first time? A．Excited. B．Angry. C．Happy. D．Helpless. 2．Which sentence best shows Giant’s selfishness? A．What are you doing here? B．My own garden is my own garden. C．I cannot understand why the Spring is so late in coming. D．I hope there will be a change in the weather. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．The Giant built a high wall around the garden. B．The Giant didn’t expect the coming of Spring. C．The Giant wanted to be warm-hearted. D．The Giant opened his mind in the end. 4．What does the writer want to tell us through the passage? A．Where there is a will, there is a way. B．Bad times make a good man. C．Home is where the heart is. D．Roses given, fragrance in hand. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个自私的巨人有一个美丽宽广的花园却不允许任何人进去。结果春天、夏天和秋天都没有来他的花园。这个故事告诉我们，不能太自私，要与他人分享，否则我们可能会失去很多东西。 1．根据第三段“One day the Giant came back and saw the children playing in the garden. ‘What are you doing here?’ he cried in a very unfriendly voice, and the children ran away.”可知，巨人第一次看到孩子在花园玩时，用非常不友好的语气呵斥，把孩子们吓跑，说明他当时很生气。 2．根据第四段“‘My own garden is my own garden,’ said the Giant, ‘I will let nobody play in it but myself.’ So he built a high wall all round it.”可知，巨人说“我的花园就是我自己的花园”，结合后一句他说除了自己不会允许任何人来这里玩，这句话最能体现他独占花园、不肯分享的自私。选项A“你在这干嘛？”只是呵斥，选项C和D都是他后来春天不来的时候说的话，和自私没关系。 3．根据最后一段“‘Now I know why the Spring would not come here,’ he said; ‘I will knock down the wall and my garden shall be the children’s playground for ever and ever.’”可知，他最终放下自私、打开了心扉，因此选D。 4．本文的主旨是：巨人独占花园时，花园永远是冬天，把花园分享给孩子后，春天才到来，告诉我们分享的意义。选项D“赠人玫瑰，手有余香。”正是强调分享会给自己也带来美好，符合主旨。 三、短文填空 Being a 1 (responsibility) teenager means we should care about others and our community. When someone gets hurt in an 2 (accidental), we should choose to 3 (assistant) right away instead of walking away. We may not have great skills to cure serious sickness, but we can try our best to do small kind things. For example, warm words and care are really important to comfort the injured and cheer them up soon. We can also take part in charity 4 (donate). Our clothes, books or pocket money can help people in need live a better life. Last month, our class joined a public welfare activity. At first, I did not 5 (complete) understand its meaning. Later, I 6 (discovery) all the daily necessities we collected would be sent to poor villages far away to help poor local people. The villagers there felt really grateful for these 7 (value) supplies we offered. Small kindness from common people can truly make a big difference. The world will become warmer if everyone shows love. Small actions connect hearts together, and let us live in a 8 (peace) and loving world. 【答案】1．responsible 2．accident 3．assist 4．donations 5．completely 6．discovered 7．valuable 8．peaceful 【导语】本文讲述了作为负责任的青少年应如何关爱他人和社区，通过积极参与公益活动和日常小善举传递温暖，强调即便是微小的善意也能带来巨大的改变，让世界更加和平有爱。 1．句意：做一个有责任心的青少年意味着我们应该关心他人和我们的社区。空格前有“a”，后接名词“teenager”，需要形容词作定语。responsibility的形容词形式为responsible，意为“有责任心的”。 2．句意：当有人在事故中受伤时，我们应该选择立刻帮助，而不是走开。空格前为“an”，需要以元音音素开头的名词。accidental是形容词，其名词形式为accident，意为“事故”。 3．句意：当有人在事故中受伤时，我们应该选择立刻帮助，而不是走开。“choose to”后接动词原形。assistant是名词，其动词形式为assist，意为“帮助”。 4．句意：我们也可以参加慈善捐赠。“charity”后需接名词构成短语。donate是动词，其名词形式为donation，意为“捐赠”。用复数形式donations泛指各类捐赠，符合语境。 5．句意：起初，我并不完全理解它的意义。此处需要副词修饰动词“understand”。complete的副词形式为completely，意为“完全地”。 6．句意：后来，我发现我们收集的所有日用品都将被送到遥远的贫困村庄，去帮助那里的贫困村民。句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。谓语动词需用动词过去式，discovery是名词，其动词形式为discover，过去式为discovered，意为“发现”。 7．句意：那里的村民们对我们提供的这些宝贵物资感到非常感激。空格后为名词“supplies”，需要形容词修饰。value的形容词形式为valuable，意为“宝贵的”。 8．句意：小小的行动将心连在一起，让我们生活在一个安宁有爱的世界里。空格后为名词“world”，需要形容词修饰。peace的形容词形式为peaceful，意为“安宁的”。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Sahara Desert is in the north of Africa. It is the 1 (large) hot desert in the world, covering about 9,000,000 square kilometres. Life there in the past was much 2 (difficult) for humans than in other places. The Sahara Desert has some of the 3 (terrible) living conditions on earth. It is very hot and dry all year round. The 4 (high) temperature there once reached 58℃. Camels (骆驼) are the 5 (useful) means of transportation (交通工具) for people in the Sahara Desert. Oil is one of the 6 (valuable) mineral resources (矿产资源) in the Sahara Desert. After the people there found oil, they started to sell it to other countries. But the living conditions in the Sahara Desert were still hard. People were worried about the conditions getting 7 (bad) than before. The government tried hard to plant trees. As a result, the Sahara Desert became 8 (beautiful) than before. The Sahara reminds us that nature is just as 9 (important) as humans’ development. The more we protect nature, the 10 (good) our lives will become. So, we should pay more attention to the natural world. 【答案】 1．largest 2．more difficult 3．most terrible 4．highest 5．most useful 6．most valuable 7．worse 8．more beautiful 9．important 10．better 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的地理位置、面积、恶劣的生存环境、当地交通与资源，以及环境治理带来的变化，强调了保护自然与人类发展同等重要的理念。 1．句意：它是世界上最大的热带沙漠，面积约900万平方公里。空格前有定冠词“the”，范围限定为in the world“全世界”，要用形容词large的最高级形式largest。 2．句意：过去人类在那里的生活比在其他地方艰难得多。空格后出现标志词“than”，空格前为“was much”，要用形容词difficult的比较级形式more difficult。 3．句意：撒哈拉沙漠拥有地球上最恶劣的一些生存条件。空格前为“the”，范围限定为on earth“地球上”，要用形容词terrible的最高级形式most terrible。 4．句意：那里的最高气温曾经达到58摄氏度。空格前为“The”，此处修饰名词“temperature”，结合语境表示“最高的”，要用形容词high的最高级highest。 5．句意：骆驼是撒哈拉沙漠里最实用的交通工具。结合语境及定冠词“the” 限定，此处表示范围里最具实用性的，用形容词useful的最高级形式most useful。 6．句意：石油是撒哈拉沙漠里最宝贵的矿产资源之一。固定结构“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表示“最……之一”，valuable的最高级形式为most valuable。 7．句意：人们担心生存条件会变得比之前更差。空格前为系动词“getting”，空格后有“than”，提示要用形容词bad的比较级形式worse。 8．句意：最终，撒哈拉沙漠变得比以前更加美丽了。空格前为系动词“became”，空格后有“than”，需使用形容词beautiful的比较级形式more beautiful。 9．句意：撒哈拉沙漠提醒我们，自然和人类的发展同等重要。固定原级比较结构“as + 形容词原级 + as”表示“和……一样”，此处直接用形容词原级important即可。 10．句意：我们越是保护自然，我们的生活就会变得越好。固定句型“The + 比较级..., the + 比较级...”意为“越……，就越……”；系动词“become”应接形容词good 的比较级better。 There are many great stories in Chinese history. The story about Kuang Heng 1 (influence) generations of Chinese people for centuries. Kuang Heng was a very famous person in the Western Han Dynasty. He was born in a poor family. He enjoyed 2 (read) very much. He needed to work in the daytime, so he had to read books during the night. But he was so poor that he didn’t have enough money 3 (buy) a candle. One day, Kuang Heng found his neighbour had candles. He wanted to use the light, but it couldn’t go through the wall. After thinking for a while, he had 4 idea. He 5 (dig) a small hole in the wall. Then he could use the light from his neighbour’s house to read books. From that day on, he read books every night 6 the light went out. After some days, there were no books for Kuang Heng to read in his house. Then he went to a rich man’s house and worked for him without 7 (ask) for any money. The rich man thought Kuang Heng was stupid (愚蠢的) but still asked, “ 8 don’t you want the money?” Kuang Heng replied, “Well, I only want to borrow your books to read. That’s enough.” The rich man was touched 9 (deep). Kuang Heng read all the books in the rich man’s house. Finally, he became a great scholar (学者). If you 10 (worry) about reading books so far, it’s necessary for you to learn from Kuang Heng. 【答案】 1．has influenced 2．reading 3．to buy 4．an 5．dug 6．until 7．asking 8．Why 9．deeply 10．have worried 【导语】本文主要讲述了西汉时期匡衡出身贫寒却酷爱读书，没钱买蜡烛便凿壁借光读书，后来家里没书就到富人家做工不要工钱只求借书，最终读完富人家书成为伟大学者的故事。 1．句意：几个世纪以来，匡衡的故事影响了一代又一代的中国人。句子表达匡衡的故事对世世代代中国人产生影响，用现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响，主语“The story”是单数，用has influenced。 2．句意：他非常喜欢阅读。“enjoy doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，用read的动名词reading。 3．句意：但是他太穷了，没有足够的钱买蜡烛。“have enough money to do sth.”表示“有足够的钱做某事”，应用不定式to buy作后置定语修饰money。 4．句意：想了一会儿，他有了一个主意。idea是可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，泛指“一个主意”，用不定冠词an。 5．句意：他在墙上挖了一个小洞。故事发生在过去，用一般过去时，dig的过去式是dug。 6．句意：从那天起，他每天晚上都读书，直到灯熄灭。此处表示“匡衡借光读书直到灯熄灭”，用连词until“直到……”引导时间状语从句。 7．句意：然后，他去了一个富人的房子，为他工作，没有要求任何钱。without是介词，后面应接动名词作宾语，ask的动名词形式为asking。 8．句意：富人认为匡衡很愚蠢，但还是问：“你为什么不想要钱？”富人疑问的是匡衡为什么不想要钱，询问原因用why，句首首字母大写。 9．句意：富人被深深地打动了。此处需要副词修饰动词touched，表示“被深深地打动”，deep的副词形式是deeply。 10．句意：如果到目前为止你还在为读书发愁，那么你有必要向匡衡学习。“so far”表明句子时态用现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是you， 用have，worry的过去分词是worried。 四、选词填空 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从方框中选出合适的词填空，并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。 care  spend control give good he  important lie people quickly  she situation One day, Lisa’s neighbour Amy came to her and shouted, “Lisa! Please help my sister Ella! She cut 1 !” Lisa ran to Amy’s house as 2 as possible. So terrible it was! Ella 3 on the floor and blood poured out of the cut on her right foot. “Ella was so 4 that she broke the glass as she was playing. Our mum wasn’t at home, and I didn’t know what to do,” Amy told Lisa. “I must 5 her first aid at once!” Lisa replied. Luckily, Lisa knew how to do it and acted quickly. She pressed the cut to 6 the bleeding. Then she told Amy to call 911. As they waited, she let Ella rest on the sofa and kept pressing the cut, so Ella would not lose too much blood before going to the hospital. A few days later, Ella’s right foot got much 7 . Lisa felt happy as she heard the good news. “Everyone should know the 8 of first aid. In some dangerous 9 , first aid means a lot before doctors come. Sometimes, it can save 10 lives,” Lisa said. “I advise everyone to learn how to give first aid.” 【答案】 1．herself 2．quickly 3．lay 4．careless 5．give 6．control 7．better 8．importance 9．situations 10．people’s 【导语】本文主要讲述了丽萨帮助邻居艾拉处理脚部割伤紧急情况的故事，强调了急救的重要性。 1．句意：她割伤了自己。根据下文，这里表示“割伤了自己”，应用反身代词，结合所给单词，这里填she“她”的反身代词herself。 2．句意：丽莎以最快的速度跑到艾米家。根据“Lisa ran to Amy’s house”和备选词，这里表示尽可能快地跑去，所以这里要填quickly“快速地”修饰动词ran。 3．句意：艾拉躺在地板上，鲜血从她右脚的伤口中涌出。根据“blood poured out of the cut on her right foot.”，这里表示艾拉躺在地上，结合“poured”可知时态是一般过去时，lie表示“躺”时，过去式是lay。 4．句意：艾拉太粗心了，她在玩的时候把玻璃打碎了。根据“she broke the glass as she was playing”，表明艾拉是粗心的，so后接形容词，所以要填care“小心”的形容词careless“粗心的”。 5．句意：“我必须马上给她急救！”丽莎回答说。“give her first aid”意为“对她进行急救”，为固定搭配，备选词give“给”符合语境；且情态动词must后要接动词原形。 6．句意：她按压伤口以止血。根据“pressed the cut”，表明按压伤口是为了控制流血，to后接动词原形表目的，所以备选词control“控制”，符合语境。 7．句意：几天后，艾拉的脚好多了。根据“A few days later, Ella’s foot”可知，这里表示几天后艾拉的脚好多了，much后接形容词比较级，所以这里要填good“好的”的比较级better。 8．句意：每个人都应该知道急救的重要性。根据上下文，这里表示每个人都应该知道急救的重要性。the后接名词，the importance of 意为“……的重要性”。 9．句意：在一些危险的情况下，在医生到来之前，急救意味着很多。根据“in some dangerous”，这里表示在一些危险的情况中，some后接可数名词复数，所以要填situation“情况”的复数名词。 10．句意：有时，它可以挽救人们的生命。根据上文“it can save”，这里表示挽救人们的生命，应用people“人们”的名词所有格people’s修饰名词lives。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。(每空限填一词，每词限用一次。) well       matter        go       cough     run Mike is a middle school student. Last Friday morning, he didn’t feel well and went to see a doctor without 1 to school. The doctor asked him what was the 2 with him. Mike said that he had a headache and 3 all night long. And he also had a 4 nose. The doctor examined him and found his throat red. She took his temperature and found he had a fever. After that, she told Mike to get an X-ray. Then she said Mike had a cold. Luckily, there was nothing serious with his lungs (肺). She advised Mike to take some traditional Chinese medicine, take a good rest and drink some hot water. Mike did as the doctor told him. This morning he felt much 5 and went to school on time. 【答案】1．going 2．matter 3．coughed 4．runny 5．better 【导语】本文讲述了中学生迈克因感冒就医，遵医嘱调理后康复返校的事情。 1．句意：上周五早上，他感觉不舒服，没去上学就去看医生了。根据前文“he didn’t feel well and went to see a doctor”可知Mike生病了去看医生，所以没有去学校，介词without后接动名词，go to school是固定搭配，应填going。 2．句意：医生问他哪里不舒服。这里是医生询问Mike的身体状况，固定句型“what’s the matter with sb.?”，意为“某人怎么了”，应填matter。 3．句意：迈克说他头疼，还咳了一整晚。Mike描述自己的病情，全文以一般过去时叙事，and连接并列的谓语动词，前面“had a headache”是一般过去式，因此cough用其过去式coughed。 4．句意：而且他还流鼻涕。这里对应生病的症状流鼻涕，“a runny nose”是固定搭配，意为流鼻涕，runny是run的形容词形式，用来修饰名词nose。 5．句意：今天早上他感觉好多了，按时去上学了。根据前文可知Mike看完医生按照医嘱休息后身体好转；much可以用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级，表示“……得多”，well的比较级是不规则变化better。 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、正确。每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。 strong          they                 kind             difficulty            volunteer journey     imagine         difference          decide                  happy There was a boy named Jack in a small town. He was of great 1 because he loved helping others. One day, he heard about a local animal care center that needed 2 to care for the animals. Jack 3 to go to the center to do something. He fed the dogs, cleaned the cages(笼子) and played with the cats. The animals were so glad to have Jack around, shaking their tails 4 . From then on, Jack’s love for volunteering grew 5 . He also helped the elderly wash 6 clothes and spent time with them. Some old people had 7 in reading newspapers. Thanks to Jack, they could understand what was written in the newspapers. Jack’s volunteer work not only made a 8 to the lives of animals and the elderly, but also filled his heart with satisfaction. He always 9 how happy he would be after helping others. He also realized that even a small act of kindness could bring great happiness to others. Jack’s volunteer 10 will not come to an end. He is looking forward to helping others again. 【答案】 1．kindness 2．volunteers 3．decided 4．happily 5．stronger 6．their 7．difficulty 8．difference 9．imagined 10．journey 【导语】本文讲述了男孩Jack热心参与志愿活动，关爱动物、帮扶老人，明白微小善意也能传递温暖，并会一直延续自己的志愿之路的故事。 1．句意：他为人十分善良，因为他热爱帮助他人。“of great...” 表示“十分……”，需选kind的名词形式kindness，固定结构of great kindness意为 “十分善良”。 2．句意：有一天，他听说当地的动物救助中心需要志愿者来照料动物。需选volunteer表示“志愿者”，为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用复数形式volunteers。 3．句意：杰克决定前往救助中心做一些力所能及的事。需选decide表示“决定”，全文时态为一般过去时，decide的过去式为decided。 4．句意：动物们见到杰克十分开心，欢快地摇着尾巴。此处需用副词修饰动词shaking，需选happy的副词形式happily，意为“欢快地，高兴地”，符合描述摇尾巴的状态。 5．句意：从那时起，杰克对志愿活动的热爱愈发深厚。grew后接形容词比较级，需选strong的比较级stronger，表示“愈发强烈”。 6．句意：他还帮助老人们清洗他们的衣物，陪伴在老人身边。此处修饰名词clothes，需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their，表示“他们的衣服”。 7．句意：一些老人在阅读报纸方面有困难。固定搭配have difficulty in doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”，故填difficulty。 8．句意：杰克的志愿工作不仅给动物和老人们的生活带来了改变，也让他内心充满满足感。固定搭配make a difference意为“产生影响、带来改变”，故填difference。 9．句意：他总是会想象到自己帮助他人之后内心有多快乐。此处指的是“总是会去想象帮助别人之后的那种快乐”，imagine意为“想象”，句子时态为一般过去时，其过去形式为imagined。 10．句意：杰克的志愿之旅永不会止步。需选journey表示“旅程、历程”，volunteer journey意为“志愿之路”。 五、书面表达 1．All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 丰富多彩的课余生活有利于我们的身心健康。你是如何合理利用课余时间的呢？请根据以下提示，以“My Free Time Activities”为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈你的课余生活。 要求： 2．包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥； 3．语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 4．文中不得出现真实姓名等信息； 5．词数不少于70词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 My Free Time Activities I do many things in my free time. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： My Free Time Activities I do many things in my free time. First, I often exercise to keep fit and help me study better. Next, I listen to music to relax and make myself happy. I also read books, which open my eyes to new worlds. Sometimes I watch movies or hang out with my best friends. These activities help me balance study and rest well. They also make me feel more energetic for my schoolwork. I even try to learn new hobbies in my free time. 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文（介绍类短文） 明确要点：以“My Free Time Activities”为题，介绍自己的课余活动，需包含思维导图中提到的锻炼、听音乐、读书、看电影/和朋友闲逛等活动，并说明各项活动的好处 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：词数不少于70词，开头已给出不计入总词数，不得出现真实姓名等信息，语句通顺连贯   [第二步：构思布局] 总分总结构 开头：沿用给定开头，点明自己的课余生活很丰富 主体：依次介绍不同的课余活动，说明活动的具体内容和带来的好处 结尾：总结这些活动对自己的积极影响   [第三步：要点展开] 锻炼：exercise regularly to keep fit / helps me stay energetic and study better / do sports like running or playing basketball after school等 听音乐：listen to soft music to relax after busy study / makes me feel happy and relieves my stress / enjoy pop songs or light music in my free time等 读书：read different kinds of books to open my eyes / learn new knowledge and broaden my mind / read storybooks or science books in the evening等 看电影/和朋友闲逛：watch interesting movies to relax / hang out with friends to share happy moments / these activities help me keep a balance between study and rest等 总结：these activities make my life colourful and meaningful / keep me energetic and ready for schoolwork / help me develop good habits and stay healthy等 1．题目：My Favourite Hobby 每个人都有自己的爱好。请你根据以下要点提示，写一篇80–100词的短文，介绍你最喜欢的一项业余活动。 要点： 2. What is your favourite hobby?    3. How did it start?（这项爱好是如何开始的？） 4. When and where do you do it now?（你现在什么时候、在哪里进行这项活动？） 5. Why do you like it?（你为什么喜欢这项爱好） 要求：语言通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名； My Favourite Hobby __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： My Favourite Hobby Everyone has a hobby, and mine is reading. It started when I was eight years old. My mother gave me an interesting storybook as a birthday gift, and I fell in love with it immediately. Now, I usually spend one hour reading in the library or my bedroom every weekend. I like reading because it helps me relax after a busy day of study. Also, it broadens my horizons and makes my life more colorful. In a word, reading is my best friend and I really enjoy it. 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性说明文。叙述起因时使用一般过去时，介绍现状和理由时使用一般现在时 明确要点：爱好的名称、开始的契机、现在的时间与地点、喜欢的原因与感悟 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：词数80–100；不得出现真实姓名和校名 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明最喜欢的爱好是阅读 主体段：交代该爱好开始的时间和契机，描述现在进行阅读的具体时间和地点，并分层次阐述喜欢阅读的理由 结尾段：总结阅读对自己生活的意义，表达热爱之情 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：点明爱好 具体爱好：My hobby is/I like...best/reading/drawing/playing basketball等 要点二：爱好的起因 具体起因：started when I was eight/gave me an interesting storybook/birthday gift/at the age of/fell in love with it/my friend invited me to play basketball等 要点三：活动安排 具体细节：one hour every weekend/in the library or my bedroom/now/practice drawing at home/on Sundays/play basketball in my free time等 要点四：喜欢的原因 理由与感悟：helps me relax/broadens my horizons/makes my life more colorful/makes more friends/brings me pleasure/meaningful等 1．在“美丽中国”建设稳步推进的大背景下，全国各地自然景观的生态环境改善成果显著，长白山也经历了令人欣喜的蜕变。假如今天的英语作业是为一段介绍长白山环境改善情况的视频配音。请你根据下面的提示，以第一人称“长白山”的口吻写一篇英语短文，为视频配音做准备。 提示内容：1.回顾过去出现的问题（乱砍滥伐造成森林面积减少，过度旅游带来污染); 2.采取的保护措施(植树造林。限制游客数量)；3.现在…… 参考词汇：拯救 save 要求：1.语句通顺、意思连贯、语法正确；2.包含提示内容中的要点，可适当发挥；3.词数不少于80（短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Hello, everyone! I’m Changbaishan, one of China’s most amazing natural wonders. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Hello, everyone! I’m Changbaishan, one of China’s most amazing natural wonders. In the past, people cut down many trees. As a result, my forests got smaller and many animals lost their homes. Also, as more and more people visited me, I faced problems like pollution. To save me, people took action. They stopped cutting down trees and planted new ones. What’s more, only a certain number of visitors could visit me each day. Now, things are getting better. The forests are growing back, and animals are coming home. Remember, I’m not just a mountain. I’m a gift of nature. Please help me stay beautiful. Thank you! 【详解】写作步骤    [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：演讲稿，用一般过去时、一般现在时、现在进行时为主。 明确要点：回顾过去的问题（乱砍滥伐导致森林面积减少、过度旅游带来污染）、采取的保护措施（植树造林、限制游客数量） 现在的变化与呼吁（生态改善、发出保护倡议） 确定人称：第一人称（I/my/me） 注意事项：语句通顺、意思连贯、语法正确     [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构：开头段：问候+自我介绍，点明身份（长白山），引出主题 主体段：按时间顺序分层叙述——先讲过去的问题，再讲采取的保护措施，最后描述现在的变化 结尾段：礼貌收尾。       [第三步：要点展开]    要点一：回顾过去的问题 cut down many trees/my forests got smaller/many animals lost their homes/ problems like pollution/break the ecological balance/the environment became much worse/became polluted and unhealthy等 要点二：采取的保护措施 stopped cutting down trees/ planted new ones/only a certain number of visitors could visit/help bring back life and vitality/reduce human damage/limit human impact on nature等 要点三：现在的变化与呼吁 things are getting better/the forests are growing back/animals are coming home/get better and better/bloom with life again等 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末复习之单元话题综合练（五大题型长沙专用） 本资料共15篇专项训练，分为五大题型，每个题型三篇。五大题型分别为完形填空、阅读理解、短文填空、选词填空、书面表达。 一、完形填空 All of us need to relax and stay healthy. As teenagers, we are growing up 1 time flies. We have study pressure, but we should learn to 2 ourselves. Doing sports is a great way. It not only makes us strong but also 3 our mind. We should have good eating 4 and sleep well. Nature is full of 5 . We can go hiking, climb mountains or enjoy flowers. It helps us relax and 6 the beauty of life. When we face difficulties, we should be brave. Growing up is not always easy, but it’s 7 . We should learn to solve problems by 8 and keep a positive attitude. Let’s cherish every day. Relax 9 , keep healthy, grow up healthily and enjoy the 10 of nature. Our life will be more colorful. 1．A．so B．and C．but D．or 2．A．help B．relax C．hurt D．push 3．A．relaxes B．cheats C．wastes D．practices 4．A．habits B．hobbies C．places D．time 5．A．problems B．wonders C．rules D．stories 6．A．hate B．miss C．enjoy D．change 7．A．boring B．meaningful C．tiring D．common 8．A．ourselves B．myself C．themselves D．himself 9．A．properly B．hardly C．badly D．nearly 10．A．danger B．beauty C．trouble D．noise August 24th, in the year 79 AD, began like any other day in Pompeii. The sun shone brightly, and the streets were full of life. Merchants were selling fruits, and children were playing in the squares. No one knew that death was hiding under the beautiful mountain, Mount Vesuvius. At noon, a loud noise was heard. It sounded like thunder, but the sky was clear. Suddenly, the mountain 1 . A huge cloud of ash and smoke shot up into the sky. It looked like a giant pine tree. The people were 2 . They didn’t know what to do. Some ran to the temples to pray to the gods. Others ran to the sea to find boats. The ash began to fall like black snow. It covered the streets and filled the air. It became hard to 3 . The air was hot and smelled of burning sulfur. A brave man named Pliny tried to help his friends. He sailed towards the mountain to save people, but the sea became too rough because of the 4 earthquakes. By the next morning, Pompeii was gone. The city was 5 under meters of ash and stones. For hundreds of years, the world forgot about Pompeii. It was a lost city, a 6 frozen in time. In the 18th century, people began to dig it out. What they found was shocking. They found houses with furniture, paintings on the walls, and even food on the tables. They also found the shapes of people who had died. By pouring plaster (石膏) into the empty spaces in the ash, scientists created statues of the victims. These statues show us the 7 fear on their faces. Pompeii teaches us a lesson. Nature is powerful. We can build great cities, but we cannot control the Earth. When nature loses its 8 , it can take everything away in a moment. Today, millions of tourists visit Pompeii every year. They walk on the old stones and look at the mountain. It is a 9 reminder of how fragile (脆弱的) life is. We must respect nature. We must listen to the 10 of the earth, or we might suffer the same fate as the people of Pompeii. 1．A．fell B．exploded C．moved D．opened 2．A．excited B．happy C．terrified D．angry 3．A．see B．hear C．speak D．breathe 4．A．small B．violent C．deep D．light 5．A．built B．washed C．buried D．found 6．A．treasure B．memory C．secret D．time capsule 7．A．final B．first C．great D．small 8．A．way B．temper C．mind D．color 9．A．happy B．sad C．strong D．weak 10．A．sounds B．noises C．warnings D．voices 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The world is full of amazing natural wonders. One of the most famous ones is the Grand Canyon (大峡谷). It is in Arizona, the USA．It is not the deepest canyon in the world, but it is the most famous one. The Grand Canyon is 446 kilometers long, up to 29 kilometers wide and 1.6 kilometers deep. It is a 1 of nature’s power (力量). The Colorado River has been cutting down the rock for millions of years to 2 this amazing canyon. When you visit the Grand Canyon, you can 3 the beautiful scenery from different places. You can walk along the trails (小径) or take a bus to see the amazing views. The colors of the rocks change 4 the time of day. In the morning, the rocks are red and orange. At noon, they look bright yellow. In the evening, when the sun goes down, they turn dark red and purple. It is really a 5 sight. Many scientists come to the Grand Canyon to 6 the rocks. They can learn a lot about the earth’s history from them. Some people also come here to 7 their holidays. They enjoy hiking, camping and taking photos. The Grand Canyon is not just a beautiful place. It is also a 8 place. We should protect it and keep it clean and beautiful for the next generation (下一代). If you have a 9 to visit the USA, don’t miss it. It is a place you will never 10 . 1．A．sign B．symbol C．secret D．problem 2．A．build B．visit C．find D．show 3．A．enjoy B．miss C．forget D．change 4．A．depending on B．looking at C．thinking of D．listening to 5．A．boring B．terrible C．wonderful D．common 6．A．clean B．study C．draw D．show 7．A．spend B．take C．cost D．pay 8．A．dangerous B．private C．valuable D．crowded 9．A．book B．chance C．job D．hobby 10．A．remember B．visit C．forget D．like 二、阅读理解 Influenza A (甲型流感), commonly called the flu, is a common virus that spreads (传播) quickly among people. It mainly spreads through coughing, sneezing, or touching polluted things. Many people, especially children and the elderly, may easily get the virus. The usual signs of influenza A include a high fever, a bad cough, a sore throat, a runny nose, and strong body pains. Some people may have a headache or even feel sick to their stomachs. Unlike a simple cold, the flu comes on quickly and makes people feel much weaker. Here are some tips to stay away from influenza A．First, wash hands often with soap (肥皂) and clean water. Second, keep away from crowds (人群) and sick people as much as possible. Third, open windows to let fresh air in every day. Wearing masks in public places is also a good idea. Last, getting a vaccine (疫苗) each year is the most effective (有效的) way to stop it. But what should we do if we feel very sick when we have the flu? 1．Which group of people may get influenza A easily according to the text? A．Young and strong adults. B．Middle-aged people. C．Children and the old. D．People who exercise often. 2．How may you feel if you have influenza A? A．Angry. B．Nervous. C．Disappointed. D．Tired. 3．What is the best way to stop influenza A? A．Getting a vaccine every year. B．Washing hands often. C．Keeping away from crowds. D．Getting fresh air often. 4．What may the writer talk about next? A．Right ways to fight against influenza A． B．A real experience of influenza A． C．The best time to stop influenza A． D．Common signs to have influenza A． Have уou ever seеn this flowеr? The flоwer is rеаlly big. Its colоur is rеd. Lооk closеly, and yоu cаn find that it hаs tеeth. It is cаlled Rafflesia. It is the wоrld’s biggеst flоwer. Yоu сan seе it in thе doсumentаry (纪录片)—Тhе Grееn Рlanеt. Тhе Grеen Рlanеt is a nеw documеntаrу from BВC． It shоws us thе wоrld оf plants. То find differеnt plаnts from thе wоrld, the film wоrkеrs travеllеd from the rаinfоrest to some snоwу рlаces. They аlsо сlimbed mountains and wаlked into dеsеrts. То find рlants in thе water, theу evеn jumpеd intо rivers. Тhosе film workеrs trаvеllеd tо twenty-sеvеn cоuntries and it tооk thеm аbout four уears to finish the documentary. The documentarу oрens our еyеs tо the nаturаl wоrld, and it shаres an importаnt mеssage with us. Plants аrе rеаllу vеrу imрortаnt in nаture. Тheу help us in many waуs, suсh as mаking oхуgеn, сleaning the air and giving us foоd. Тhеу аre our best friends. Wе shоuldn’t damagе them. We neеd tо prоteсt thеm. Alwaуs remembеr, whаt we do in the neхt 20 yеаrs will deсide the futurе of рlants in the world. 1．How dоеs the writеr begin thе pаssage? A．Ву telling а stоry. B．Ву asking a quеstion. C．By listing numbеrs. D．Bу showing a saying. 2．Whаt is Rafflesia? A．Thе name оf a documеntаry. B．Тhе nаme of a flоwer. C．Тhе namе of а mаn. D．Thе nаme оf а placе. 3．What do wе know abоut the dосumentаry? A．It is аbоut thе wоrld оf animаls. B．Its film wоrkеrs travelled to 27 соuntriеs just fоr fun. C．Its film workеrs wоrked hаrd tо find plants. D．It makеs us know littlе аbout thе nаturаl world. 4．Whаt’s the best title for the раssаge? A．Оur World. B．Different Рlants. C．A Nеw Dоcumеntary. D．The Futurе of Plаnts. Every afternoon, as they were coming from school, the children used to go and play in the Giant (巨人)’s garden. It was a large lovely garden, with soft green grass, beautiful flowers and twelve peach trees. The birds sat on the trees and sang so sweetly that the children used to stop their games to listen to them. “How happy we are here!” they cried to each other. One day the Giant came back and saw the children playing in the garden. “What are you doing here?” he cried in a very unfriendly voice, and the children ran away. “My own garden is my own garden,” said the Giant, “I will let nobody play in it but myself.” So he built a high wall all round it. He was a very selfish Giant. The poor children had nowhere to play. They had to walk round the high wall and talk about the beautiful garden inside. “How happy we were there,” they said to each other. Months later, “I cannot understand why the Spring is so late in coming,” said the selfish Giant as he sat at the window and looked out at his cold white garden; “I hope there will be a change in the weather.” But the Spring never came, nor the Summer. The Autumn gave golden fruit to every garden, but to the Giant’s garden she gave none. So it was always Winter there. One morning the Giant was lying in bed when he heard some lovely music. It was so long since he had heard a bird sing in his garden. He jumped out of bed and looked out. What did he see? Through a little hole in the wall the children had climbed in, and they were sitting in the branches (枝头) of the trees. The birds were flying about and the flowers were looking up through the green grass and laughing. The Giant’s heart melted (融化). “Now I know why the Spring would not come here,” he said; “I will knock down the wall and my garden shall be the children’s playground for ever and ever.” Adapted by The Giant’s Garden 1．How did the Giant feel when he saw the children for the first time? A．Excited. B．Angry. C．Happy. D．Helpless. 2．Which sentence best shows Giant’s selfishness? A．What are you doing here? B．My own garden is my own garden. C．I cannot understand why the Spring is so late in coming. D．I hope there will be a change in the weather. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．The Giant built a high wall around the garden. B．The Giant didn’t expect the coming of Spring. C．The Giant wanted to be warm-hearted. D．The Giant opened his mind in the end. 4．What does the writer want to tell us through the passage? A．Where there is a will, there is a way. B．Bad times make a good man. C．Home is where the heart is. D．Roses given, fragrance in hand. 三、短文填空 Being a 1 (responsibility) teenager means we should care about others and our community. When someone gets hurt in an 2 (accidental), we should choose to 3 (assistant) right away instead of walking away. We may not have great skills to cure serious sickness, but we can try our best to do small kind things. For example, warm words and care are really important to comfort the injured and cheer them up soon. We can also take part in charity 4 (donate). Our clothes, books or pocket money can help people in need live a better life. Last month, our class joined a public welfare activity. At first, I did not 5 (complete) understand its meaning. Later, I 6 (discovery) all the daily necessities we collected would be sent to poor villages far away to help poor local people. The villagers there felt really grateful for these 7 (value) supplies we offered. Small kindness from common people can truly make a big difference. The world will become warmer if everyone shows love. Small actions connect hearts together, and let us live in a 8 (peace) and loving world. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Sahara Desert is in the north of Africa. It is the 1 (large) hot desert in the world, covering about 9,000,000 square kilometres. Life there in the past was much 2 (difficult) for humans than in other places. The Sahara Desert has some of the 3 (terrible) living conditions on earth. It is very hot and dry all year round. The 4 (high) temperature there once reached 58℃. Camels (骆驼) are the 5 (useful) means of transportation (交通工具) for people in the Sahara Desert. Oil is one of the 6 (valuable) mineral resources (矿产资源) in the Sahara Desert. After the people there found oil, they started to sell it to other countries. But the living conditions in the Sahara Desert were still hard. People were worried about the conditions getting 7 (bad) than before. The government tried hard to plant trees. As a result, the Sahara Desert became 8 (beautiful) than before. The Sahara reminds us that nature is just as 9 (important) as humans’ development. The more we protect nature, the 10 (good) our lives will become. So, we should pay more attention to the natural world. There are many great stories in Chinese history. The story about Kuang Heng 1 (influence) generations of Chinese people for centuries. Kuang Heng was a very famous person in the Western Han Dynasty. He was born in a poor family. He enjoyed 2 (read) very much. He needed to work in the daytime, so he had to read books during the night. But he was so poor that he didn’t have enough money 3 (buy) a candle. One day, Kuang Heng found his neighbour had candles. He wanted to use the light, but it couldn’t go through the wall. After thinking for a while, he had 4 idea. He 5 (dig) a small hole in the wall. Then he could use the light from his neighbour’s house to read books. From that day on, he read books every night 6 the light went out. After some days, there were no books for Kuang Heng to read in his house. Then he went to a rich man’s house and worked for him without 7 (ask) for any money. The rich man thought Kuang Heng was stupid (愚蠢的) but still asked, “ 8 don’t you want the money?” Kuang Heng replied, “Well, I only want to borrow your books to read. That’s enough.” The rich man was touched 9 (deep). Kuang Heng read all the books in the rich man’s house. Finally, he became a great scholar (学者). If you 10 (worry) about reading books so far, it’s necessary for you to learn from Kuang Heng. 四、选词填空 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从方框中选出合适的词填空，并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。 care  spend control give good he  important lie people quickly  she situation One day, Lisa’s neighbour Amy came to her and shouted, “Lisa! Please help my sister Ella! She cut 1 !” Lisa ran to Amy’s house as 2 as possible. So terrible it was! Ella 3 on the floor and blood poured out of the cut on her right foot. “Ella was so 4 that she broke the glass as she was playing. Our mum wasn’t at home, and I didn’t know what to do,” Amy told Lisa. “I must 5 her first aid at once!” Lisa replied. Luckily, Lisa knew how to do it and acted quickly. She pressed the cut to 6 the bleeding. Then she told Amy to call 911. As they waited, she let Ella rest on the sofa and kept pressing the cut, so Ella would not lose too much blood before going to the hospital. A few days later, Ella’s right foot got much 7 . Lisa felt happy as she heard the good news. “Everyone should know the 8 of first aid. In some dangerous 9 , first aid means a lot before doctors come. Sometimes, it can save 10 lives,” Lisa said. “I advise everyone to learn how to give first aid.” 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。(每空限填一词，每词限用一次。) well       matter        go       cough     run Mike is a middle school student. Last Friday morning, he didn’t feel well and went to see a doctor without 1 to school. The doctor asked him what was the 2 with him. Mike said that he had a headache and 3 all night long. And he also had a 4 nose. The doctor examined him and found his throat red. She took his temperature and found he had a fever. After that, she told Mike to get an X-ray. Then she said Mike had a cold. Luckily, there was nothing serious with his lungs (肺). She advised Mike to take some traditional Chinese medicine, take a good rest and drink some hot water. Mike did as the doctor told him. This morning he felt much 5 and went to school on time. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、正确。每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。 strong          they                 kind             difficulty            volunteer journey     imagine         difference          decide                  happy There was a boy named Jack in a small town. He was of great 1 because he loved helping others. One day, he heard about a local animal care center that needed 2 to care for the animals. Jack 3 to go to the center to do something. He fed the dogs, cleaned the cages(笼子) and played with the cats. The animals were so glad to have Jack around, shaking their tails 4 . From then on, Jack’s love for volunteering grew 5 . He also helped the elderly wash 6 clothes and spent time with them. Some old people had 7 in reading newspapers. Thanks to Jack, they could understand what was written in the newspapers. Jack’s volunteer work not only made a 8 to the lives of animals and the elderly, but also filled his heart with satisfaction. He always 9 how happy he would be after helping others. He also realized that even a small act of kindness could bring great happiness to others. Jack’s volunteer 10 will not come to an end. He is looking forward to helping others again. 五、书面表达 1．All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 丰富多彩的课余生活有利于我们的身心健康。你是如何合理利用课余时间的呢？请根据以下提示，以“My Free Time Activities”为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈你的课余生活。 要求： 2．包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥； 3．语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 4．文中不得出现真实姓名等信息； 5．词数不少于70词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 My Free Time Activities I do many things in my free time. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1．题目：My Favourite Hobby 每个人都有自己的爱好。请你根据以下要点提示，写一篇80–100词的短文，介绍你最喜欢的一项业余活动。 要点： 2. What is your favourite hobby?    3. How did it start?（这项爱好是如何开始的？） 4. When and where do you do it now?（你现在什么时候、在哪里进行这项活动？） 5. Why do you like it?（你为什么喜欢这项爱好） 要求：语言通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名； My Favourite Hobby __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1．在“美丽中国”建设稳步推进的大背景下，全国各地自然景观的生态环境改善成果显著，长白山也经历了令人欣喜的蜕变。假如今天的英语作业是为一段介绍长白山环境改善情况的视频配音。请你根据下面的提示，以第一人称“长白山”的口吻写一篇英语短文，为视频配音做准备。 提示内容：1.回顾过去出现的问题（乱砍滥伐造成森林面积减少，过度旅游带来污染); 2.采取的保护措施(植树造林。限制游客数量)；3.现在…… 参考词汇：拯救 save 要求：1.语句通顺、意思连贯、语法正确；2.包含提示内容中的要点，可适当发挥；3.词数不少于80（短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Hello, everyone! I’m Changbaishan, one of China’s most amazing natural wonders. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $