期末考之核心语法精练100题（沈阳专用）2025-2026学年八年级下学期英语 核心知识点 易错重难点考前特训（沪教版）

**基本信息** 沪教版八年级下册期末核心语法综合训练，整合8单元核心语法点，通过三题型系统考查语法理解与应用，提升语言能力及思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|50小题|语法点辨析与语境运用|动词不定式、被动语态等单元核心语法点的基础识别| |单句语法填空|30小题|词形变化与规则应用|从形式主语it到情态动词的语法形式转换| |完成句子填空|20小题|语境化综合补全|过去进行时、原因状语从句等语法点的实际应用|

考前特训 八年级下册期末考之核心语法综合练习（新教材沪教版） 内容提要 单项选择题 单句语法填空题 完成句子填空题 班级 姓名 学号 分数 （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 单元名称 核心语法知识点 Unit 1 Helping those in need 动词不定式 Unit 2 Body language 动词 - ing 形式 Unit 3 Comics and animation 被动语态（一般现在时） Unit 4 Arts and heritage 被动语态（一般过去时和一般将来时） Unit 5 Saving animals in danger 形式主语 it 和 enough Unit 6 Learning by doing 情态动词 should 和 had better Unit 7 Space exploration 过去进行时 Unit 8 Imagine that! 原因状语从句 一、单项选择(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．Oh, Jack. Look at your room! You need ________ your room tidy! A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．keeps 【答案】B 【详解】句意：哦，杰克。看你的房间！你需要保持房间整洁！ 考查非谓语动词。need to do sth“需要做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语。故选B。 2．Students are often told _____ at people who are in trouble. A．not to smile B．to smile C．not to laugh D．to laugh 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学生们被告知不要嘲笑处于困境中的人们。 考查动词辨析及动词短语。smile微笑；laugh大笑。根据句意“Students are often told…at people who are in trouble.”可知此处表示不要嘲笑处于困境中的人，应用动词不定式的否定形式“be told not to do sth.”，laugh at“嘲笑”。故选C。 3．—Do you want ________ soccer with me? —Sure. A．play B．to play C．plays D．playing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想要和我一起踢足球吗？——当然。 考查非谓语动词。play soccer“踢足球”，根据固定搭配want to do sth“想要做某事”可知，应该用动词不定式作宾语，故选B。 4．We need ________ our classroom tidy. A．to keeping B．keeps C．to keep D．keeping 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们需要保持教室整洁。 考查动词need的用法。need在此处为实义动词，意为“需要”，其后常接动词不定式作宾语，即need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”。故选C。 5．I don’t know _____ A．how to use Ipad B．what to use Ipad C．how use Ipad D．what use Ipad 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：我不知道如何使用Ipad。疑问词+to do sth.作为宾语。What在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语。How在从句中充当状语。use Ipad不缺少宾语，故此处用疑问词how。故选A。 考点：考查疑问词+不定式。 6．Mr. Lin ________ with a student when I walked into his office. A．talked B．was talking C．is talking D．talks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我走进林老师的办公室时，他正在和一个学生谈话。 考查过去进行时。talk“谈话”，由“when I walked into his office”可知，此处指我走进林老师办公室这一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，故选B。 7．Do you want ________ basketball with us? A．play B．playing C．to play D．plays 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你想和我们一起打篮球吗？ 考查非谓语动词。根据want to do sth.“想要做某事”可知，此处应填不定式to play。故选C。 8．I hope ________ you soon. A．hearing from B．to hear from C．get from D．to get from 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我希望很快收到你的来信。 考查hope的用法。hear from收到……的来信；get from从……得到。hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”，为固定搭配，A、C选项可排除。根据语境可知，此处是“收到你的来信”，故选B。 9．Daming would like ________ two kilos of apples. A．buy B．buys C．buying D．to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大明想买两公斤苹果。 考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth.“想要做某事”，这里用动词不定式，故选D。 10．I hope ________ in my hometown after I finish school. A．work B．works C．working D．to work 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我希望毕业后能在家乡工作。 考查非谓语动词。固定短语hope to do sth“希望做某事”，故选D。 11．—Miss Li works too long every day. —I think so. She ________ a good rest. A．needs have B．need to have C．needs to have D．needs having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——李女士每天工作太久了。——我认为是这样。她需要好好休息。 考查need的用法。need作情态动词，后接动词原形，无时态变化，排除A选项。need作实义动词，后接动词不定式作宾语，有时态变化，主语she是第三人称，动词用三单形式，排除B选项。need doing sth是主动表被动，需要休息无被动之意，排除D选项，故选C。 12．Students should exercise more ________ their health. A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生应该多锻炼来改善他们的健康。 考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据“exercise more”可知，多锻炼的目的是为了提高健康，这里用不定式to improve表示目的。故选B。 13．We can leave two hours earlier if the work ________. A．completes B．completed C．is completed D．was completed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果工作被完成了，我们可以提前两小时离开。 考查时态和被动语态。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，从句应用一般现在时，且句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。 14．Where we should go ________ next Friday. A．is decided B．was decided C．will be decided D．has been decided 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们该去哪里将在下星期五决定。 考查被动语态。根据“next Friday”可知，句子应用一般将来时，且主句“Where we should go”与动词decide之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故选C。 15．The doctor tells him ________ too much meat every day. A．don’t eat B．not eat C．not to eat D．no eat 【答案】C 【详解】句意：医生告诉他每天不要吃太多肉。 考查非谓语动词。tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，故空格处应为not to eat。故选C。 16．Tom didn’t pass the exam ________ someone told him wrong answers. A．because of B．so C．because D．and 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆没有通过考试，因为有人告诉了他错误的答案。 考查because引导的原因状语从句。because of由于，后接名词或代词；so因此；because因为，后接句子；and并且，和。空格前后两句存在因果关系，前果后因，且空格后是句子，因此用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。 17．— What ball game do you want ________, Cindy?   — Table tennis. It’s fun. A．play B．plays C．to play D．playing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——辛迪，你想玩什么球赛？——乒乓球。很有趣。 考查非谓语。want to do sth“想要做某事”，此处用不定式形式，故选C。 18．________ time, we went to Shanghai by plane. A．Save B．To Save C．Saving D．To saving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了节省时间，我们乘飞机去了上海。 考查非谓语。根据“... time, we went to Shanghai by plane.”可知，乘飞机去上海的目的是为了节省时间，应该用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。 19．It’s said America was discovered ________ Columbus in 1492. A．with B．beside C．for D．by 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据说美洲是哥伦布在1492年发现的。 考查介词。with和；beside在……旁；for为了；by由。根据“was discovered”可知该句是一般过去时的被动语态，动作执行者用by。故选D。 20．Flowers ________ along the road every week. A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：沿路每周都种花。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据时间状语“every week”可知，本句描述现在经常性的动作，应用一般现在时。主语是“Flowers”，空处动词plant是谓语动词，主谓之间是被动关系，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。 21．—I feel tired and sleepy. —Why not stop_____? A．to relax B．relaxing C．resting D．to work 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我觉得又累又困。——为什么不停下来放松一下？ 考查非谓语动词。stop to do sth.停下来去做某事。stop doing sth停止做某事。所以选A。 22．Jim is good at telling stories. He always makes us ________ when he tells us stories. A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughs D．laughing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Jim擅长讲故事。他讲故事时，总是让我们大笑。 考查非谓语动词。laugh“大笑”，根据“makes”是使役动词可知，空缺处用省略to的不定式作宾补，故选A。 23．The fish ______ in the market tomorrow. A．will sell B．will sold C．will be sold D．will been sold 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明天市场上将会卖鱼。 考查时态和语态。根据“tomorrow”可知，时态是一般将来时，且主语和谓语动词之间存在被动关系，所以使用被动语态，结构是will be done。故选C。 24．She doesn’t allow her son ________ in the river. A．swim B．swims C．swimming D．to swim 【答案】D 【详解】句意：她不允许她的儿子在河里游泳。 考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾补。故选D。 25．________ down air pollution, people should walk to work instead of driving. A．Cut B．Cuts C．To cut D．Cutting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了减少空气污染，人们应该步行而不是开车去上班。 考查非谓语动词。根据“down air pollution”及“people should walk to work instead of driving”可知，人们步行的目的是为了减少空气污染，用动词不定式表目的，故选C。 26．I will be the first student ________ into space. A．travel B．to travel C．travelling D．travels 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我将成为第一个进入太空的学生。 考查非谓语。分析句子结构可知，空处作后置定语，应用不定式形式，故选B。 27．—Where is your father? —I don't know, but he ________ the car when I left just now. A．is washing B．washed C．was washing D．washes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你父亲在哪里？——我不知道，但我刚才离开的时候他在洗车。 考查过去进行时。根据“when I left just now”可知，此处表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时，结构是“was/were+过去分词”，故选C。 28．Mr. Green asked us to stop____. So we stopped______to him at once. A．talking; listening B．to talk; listening C．talking; to listen D．to talk; to listen 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：格林先生让我们停止交谈，因此我们立刻停下来和他交谈，stop doing sth停止做某事. stop to do sth停止一件事去做另一件事.，结合语境，故选C。 考点：考查非谓语动词。 29．—Did you go to Linda’s birthday party, Jill? —No. I ________. A．didn’t invite B．wasn’t invited C．am not invited D．haven’t invited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Jill，你去参加Linda的生日聚会了吗？——没有。我没有被邀请。 考查时态和语态。主语“I”和谓语动词invite之间是被动关系，结合“Did you go to Linda’s birthday party”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以使用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done），在be动词后加not构成否定形式，故选B。 30．The fruit salad tastes delicious. Could you tell me ________? A．where to do it B．when to do it C．what to do D．how to do it 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：句意：水果沙拉尝起来很美味，你能告诉我怎样做吗？这两个短语都是特殊疑问词加不定式构成的，相当于宾语从句。what to do是完整的（what是do的宾语），表示做什么，故不定式后不可再加宾语，how to do是不完整的（how提问方式），必须加上do的宾语，表示如何做。结合句意，故选D 考点：考查疑问词加不定式的用法。 31．—Frank, I’m in trouble. I really don’t know ________ next. — Don’t worry. Let me help you. A．what to do B．how to do C．when to go D．why to go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——弗兰克，我有麻烦了。我真的不知道下一步该做什么。——别担心。让我来帮你。 考查疑问词+不定式。what to do做什么；how to do如何做，后通常会跟宾语it；when to go什么时候去；why to go为什么去。根据“ I’m in trouble.”和“ Let me help you.”可知，应是不知道做什么，故选A。 32．You have to leave now ________ catch the early bus. A．so that B．as soon as C．in order to D．in order that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了赶上早班车，你现在必须离开。 考查介词短语辨析。so that以便，引导目的状语从句；as soon as一……就……，引导时间状语从句；in order to为了，其后接动词原形；in order that为了，引导目的状语从句。根据“You have to leave now…catch the early bus.”可知，空后为动词原形catch“抓住”，此处应用in order to“为了”。故选C。 33．He’s so good at English that he dares ________ competitions and even talk to foreigners. A．to take part in B．taking part in C．to join D．joining 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他的英语很好，他敢参加比赛，甚至敢和外国人说话。 考查非谓语动词。take part in参加，多指参加活动；join参加，多指参加组织。根据dare to do sth.“敢于做某事”可知，此处要用不定式作宾语，排除BD；再根据“competitions”可知，参加比赛应用take part in。故选A。 34．I’ll speak at the class meeting .I’m thinking about  _________. A．what to say B．how t o say C．what can I say D．how can I say 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：开班会的时候我要讲话，我正在考虑要说什么。What 引导的不定式say后不再接宾语，如果引导句子作宾语，就要用陈述语序，故C不正确，A正确。How 引导的不定式say后应该有宾语。How引导的句子作宾语要用陈述语序并且say后要有宾语。所以B、D不正确。根据句意故选A. 考点：考查疑问词+不定式。 35．Telephones allow people ________ each other anytime, anywhere. A．communicate with B．to pay attention to C．speak to D．to keep in touch with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：电话使人们可以随时随地保持联系。 考查动词短语辨析及非谓语动词。communicate with与……交流；to pay attention to注意；speak to与……说话；to keep in touch with与……保持联系。固定搭配：allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，排除A和C选项。根据“Telephones allow people … each other anytime, anywhere”可知，电话能使人随时随地保持联系，故选D。 36．I don’t like science _______ it’s difficult. A．but B．so C．because D．and 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不喜欢科学因为它很困难。 考查连词。but但是；so所以；because因为； and和。根据“I don’t like science…it’s difficult.”可知前后句是因果关系，前果后因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。 37．—Could you please tell me ______________? —Sorry, I’m new here. A．why can I buy some juice B．when does the supermarket close C．how to get to the library D．what time does the movie begin 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：－你可以告诉我怎样到图书馆吗？－对不起，我是新来的。A. why can I buy some juice我为什么可以买果汁。宾语从句用陈述句语序，错；B. when does the supermarket close超市什么时候关门。宾语从句用陈述句语序，错；C. how to get to the library怎样到图书馆。不定式作宾语；D. what time does the movie begin电影什么时候开始。宾语从句用陈述句语序，错。故选C。 考点：考查宾语从句。 38．My grandma wants ________ around the world. She enjoys ________ new places. A．travelling; seeing B．to travel; to see C．to travel; seeing D．travelling; to see 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我奶奶想环游世界。她喜欢看新的地方。 考查非谓语动词。根据“want”可知，want to do sth.“想要做某事”，故排除选项A和D；根据“enjoys”可知，enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”。故选C。 39．Every morning I try ________, but I’m still late at times. A．not to late B．to not be late C．not to be late D．to be not late 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：每天早晨。我尽力不去迟到，但是，有时我依然迟到。分析：考查固定短语try to do 的否定形式，try not to do sth. 尽力不要做某事。故选 C 考点：考查固定短语的用法。 40．I can’t go out to play. I have much homework ________. A．do B．does C．doing D．to do 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不能出去玩。我有很多家庭作业要做。 考查不定式结构。do动词原形；does动词三单；doing动名词；to do不定式结构。分析句子可知，横线上应是不定式结构作后置定语修饰名词homework。故选D。 41．Well, it’s time ________ goodbye. Please call me if you have any problems. A．say B．to say C．saying D．to saying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：好了，是时候说再见了。如果你有任何问题，请打电话给我。 考查非谓语动词。it’s time to do sth“是做某事的时候了”，空处应用动词不定式作后置定语，故选B。 42．— Don’t forget ________ some beef when you go to the supermarket. — OK, I won’t. A．buy B．buys C．buying D．to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——当你去超市的时候，别忘了买一些牛肉。——好的，我不会忘记的。 考查非谓语动词。buy动词原形；buys动词第三人称单数形式；buying现在分词形式；to buy动词不定式。forget to do sth.意为“忘记去做某事”，事情还未做；forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”，事情已经做了。根据“OK, I won’t.”可知，事情还未做，因此此处应用forget to do sth.。故选D。 43．________ a better result for the final exam, we practiced more and worked even harder. A．Get B．To get C．Getting D．Got 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了在期末考试中取得更好的成绩，我们练习得更多，学习更努力了。 考查非谓语动词。A. Get动词原形；B. To get动词不定式；C. Getting动名词；D. Got动词过去式。根据句意及句子结构，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。 44．Julius Caesar ________ that someone wanted to kill him and he should not speak in public. A．was warned B．warned C．was asked D．told 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尤利乌斯·凯撒被警告有人想要杀他，他不应该在公开场合讲话。 考查被动语态。warned警告；asked要求；told告诉。分析句子结构可知，凯撒是被动地接收到这个警告，因此需要用被动语态，根据“someone wanted to kill him and he should not speak in public.”可知，此处指的是“被警告”，故选A。 45．Our coach is pleased _____ we are playing better as a team now. A．so B．if C．because D．before 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：因为我们队打得更好了，我们教练很高兴。A. so因此，表示结果；B. if如果，表示条件；C. because因为，表示原因；D. before在……以前，表示时间。我们打得好是教练高兴的原因，用because引出表示原因的句子，故选C。 【考点定位】 考查连词辨析。 46．He fell asleep while he ________ books. A．is reading B．was reading C．reads D．read 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他在看书时睡着了。 考查动词时态。根据主句“He fell asleep”和while引导的时间状语从句的语境可知，空出的动作表示在过去的某一时刻正在进行的动作，故应用过去进行时，构成形式为：was/were doing，主语“he”是第三人称单数形式，故助动词应用was，read的现在分词是reading。故选B。 47．—Let’s go to the nature park by bike! —But it will take us a few hours ________ there by bike. We’d better take a bus. A．to get B．getting C．get D．got 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们骑自行车去自然公园吧！——但是骑自行车去那里要花几个小时。我们最好坐公共汽车。 考查非谓语动词。it will take sb. some time to do sth.意为“做某事将花费某人多少时间”，此处用动词不定式作句子真正的主语。故选A。 48．Tom is easy to ________. A．go along with B．get along with C．go along to D．get along to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆很容易相处。 本题考查动词短语。go along with陪……一起去，get along with和……相处，go along to去……；get along 相处或进展，是不及物动词短语。不及物动词构成的不定式作定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。根据句意可知，容易和汤姆相处，主语Tom与get along with构成动宾关系，因此介词with不能省去，故选B。 【点睛】动词不定式作定语 1）不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系。 2）不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系。 3）不及物动词构成的不定式作定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。 49．—Wow, 2023 Friendship Forest Tree Planting Activity was a great success! —Yes. I knew many trees ______ for a better environment. A．plant B．were planted C．planted D．are planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——哇，2023年友谊森林植树活动非常成功！——是的。我知道为了更好的环境种了很多树。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。knew后是宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态。从句主语trees和谓语动词plant之间是动宾关系，树被种植，需用被动语态be+done。主语是复数trees，用一般过去时的被动语态were planted。故选B。 50．The boy should ________ get on well with ________. A．be taught how to, others B．be known, another C．teach how they, another D．taught to, the other 【答案】A 【详解】句意：应该教这个男孩如何与他人好好相处。 考查动词短语，代词辨析和宾语从句。be taught how to被教导如何……；be known被熟知；teach how they教导他们如何……；taught to教导……（应是被动语态，taught前应有be）；others其他人；another另一个；the other另一个（两者中）。be known常与as/for搭配，be known as“作为……而闻名”，be known for“因……而闻名”，此处不符。teach的常用搭配是teach sb. sth.“教导某人某事”，其被动表达是sb. be taught sth.，以及teach sb. to do sth.“教导某人去做某事”，其被动表达是sb. be taught to do sth.，和teach sth. to sb.“教某人某物”。结合“The boy should...get on well with...”，此处应用被动表达sb. should be taught sth.，句中应是表示与他人好好相处，表泛指，用复数，others符合语境。故选A。 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 51．We are planning ________ (study) English harder than before. 【答案】to study 【详解】句意：我们正计划比以前更努力地学习英语。根据“We are planning...English harder than before.”可知，plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，此处应用动词不定式。故填to study。 52．The girl wants ________ (keep) the phone in the locker. 【答案】to keep 【详解】句意：女孩想把手机放在储物柜里。根据want to do sth.“想要做某事”可知，此处应填不定式to keep。故填to keep。 53．He’s riding his bike, but it starts _____________ (rain). 【答案】to rain/raining 【详解】句意：他正在骑自行车，但是开始下雨了。根据空前“start”可知，该处使用“start to do sth.或start doing sth.”开始做某事，动词不定式、动名词在句中作宾语。故填to rain/raining。 54．I hope ________ my happiness and worries with my friend. (share) 【答案】to share 【详解】句意：我希望和我的朋友分享我的快乐与担心。此处考查固定搭配hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语。故填to share。 55．Everything is ready but we are still not sure when _______ (leave) for the next city. 【答案】to leave 【详解】句意：一切都准备好了，但我们仍然不确定什么时候动身去下一个城市。 判断空格填不定式与疑问词构成“疑问词+不定式”结构当动词宾语；leave离开，动词，故答案为to leave。 56．We would like ________ (invite) you to the community party on Saturday. 【答案】to invite 【详解】句意：我们想要邀请你参加周六的社区派对。would like to do sth意为“想要做某事”，固定词组。故填to invite。 57．I believe you can manage ________ (finish) the work by yourself. 【答案】to finish 【详解】句意：我相信你可以独立完成这项工作。manage to do sth.表示“设法完成某事”，为固定搭配，因此动词finish用不定式形式。故填to finish。 58．We were reading our textbook when the teacher ________ (come). 【答案】came 【详解】句意：我们正在读课本，这时老师走了进来。根据提示可知，主句“We were reading our textbook”用了过去进行时，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作；when引导的从句表示这个动作进行过程中突然发生的另一个动作，这类短暂动作通常用一般过去时，动词come的过去式是came。故填came。 59．Peter ____________ (play) the piano at this time yesterday. 【答案】was playing 【详解】句意：昨天的这个时候，彼得正在弹钢琴。根据“at this time yesterday”可知，此处应用过去进行时表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。故填was playing。 60．It’s difficult ____________ (remember) everything you read in a book without taking notes. 【答案】to remember 【详解】句意：不记笔记，去记住你在书里读到的一切东西是困难的。根据“It’s difficult…”可知，这里考查固定句型It is+adj+to do sth.表示“去做某事是怎么样的”。故填to remember。 61．Knowing how __________ (protect) yourself in disasters is very important. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：知道如何在灾难中保护自己非常重要。protect“保护”，动词；疑问词“how”后接动词不定式构成“疑问词+to do”结构，作动词“knowing”的宾语。故填to protect。 62．It’s important ________ (set) a goal before doing anything. 【答案】to set 【详解】句意：在做任何事情之前设定一个目标是很重要的。“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“做某事是……的”，空处应是不定式。故填to set。 63．Teachers often tell us not ________ (fight) with others. 【答案】to fight 【详解】句意：老师经常告诉我们不要和他人打架。根据“tell us not”可知此处应用动词短语tell sb (not) to do sth表示“告诉某人（不）要做某事”，因此此处应用动词fight的不定式to fight作宾语补足语。故填to fight。 64．It usually takes them half an hour ________（finish） their homework. 【答案】to finish 【详解】句意：他们通常要花半个小时完成作业。固定句式：It takes sb+一段时间+to do sth表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”，动词不定式作主语，故填to finish。 65．It is said that a girl named Jones __________ (kill) in the accident. 【答案】was killed 【详解】句意：据说一个叫琼斯的女孩在事故中丧生。观察句子，这是一个宾语从句，主句时态为现在时，从句的时态根据事实确定，事故发生在过去，用一般过去时。根据“in the accident.”可知从句中主语Jones与动词kill的关系是被动关系，应用被动语态(be done)，故填was killed。 66．Do you have anything _______(eat)? I’m very hungry. 【答案】to eat 【详解】句意：你有吃的一些东西吗？我非常饿。根据句意，用动词不定式to eat 作定语。 67．Nancy decided ________ (visit) Uncle Wang this weekend. 【答案】to visit 【详解】句意：南希决定这个周末去看望王叔叔。visit“参观”，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填to visit。 68．It’s not safe ________ your personal information with the person you don’t know well. (share) 【答案】to share 【详解】句意：把你的个人信息分享给你不熟悉的人是很不安全的。句型It’s+(not)+形容词+to do sth表示“做某事是怎么样的”，因此此处应填动词share的不定式to share。故填to share。 69．He volunteers there once a week _________ (help) kids with their English. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：他每周在那里做一次志愿者，帮助孩子们学习英语。根据“He volunteers there once a week”可知，此处句式结构完整，提示词help意为“帮助”，动词，此处应用其动词不定式作目的状语，说明他去那里的目的是帮助孩子们学习英语。故填to help。 70．It is very hard for them __________ (climb) Mount Tai. 【答案】to climb 【详解】句意：对他们来说，爬泰山是非常困难的。根据“It is very hard for them...Mount Tai.”可知，句中“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”是固定句型，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语“to do sth.”。所以此处使用动词不定式形式“to climb”。故填to climb。 71．One day, Mr Green asked Mrs Green ________ (go) shopping for him. 【答案】to go 【详解】句意：一天，格林先生让格林夫人为他购物。go“去”，动词。根据“ask”可知，其后应接动词不定式作补语，意为“让某人做某事”，故填to go。 72．Please ask those students ____________ (not return) because it’s dangerous here. 【答案】not to return 【详解】句意：请让那些学生不要回来，因为这里很危险。ask sb. not to do sth.“叫某人不要做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式的否定式。故填not to return。 73．It takes her about five minutes __________ (make) her bed every day. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：每天整理床铺大约花费她五分钟时间。句型结构：It takes sb +时间+to do sth“某事花费某人多久时间去做”，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故填to make。 74．I’m afraid he can’t afford ________ (wait) to go shopping. 【答案】to wait 【详解】句意：恐怕他等不及要去购物了。 考查固定短语can’t afford to do sth. 等不及要去做某事。后面接动词不定式的形式。 故填to wait。 75．I won’t be very busy this afternoon, so I ________ (can) play football with you. 【答案】can 【详解】句意：今天下午我不会很忙，所以我可以和你一起踢足球。根据句意和语境可知，此处时态为一般现在时，结合所给词，此处应该填入can。故填can。 76．Someone is often ______(fool)on April Fool's Day. 【答案】fooled 【详解】句意：在愚人节的时候有人经常被愚弄。主语“someone”和动词“fool”是被动关系，且often是一般现在时标志词，所以用一般现在时的被动语态be done的结构，fool的过去分词是fooled。故填fooled。 77．Tony refuses __________ (answer) this question. 【答案】to answer 【详解】句意：托尼拒绝回答这个问题。refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to answer。 78．I draw pictures ____________ (remember) new words better. 【答案】to remember 【详解】句意：我画画是为了更好地记住新单词。remember意为“记住”，是动词；根据“I draw pictures…new words better.”可知，此处需用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“画画”的目的是“记住新单词”，“to remember”意为“为了记住”，符合语境。故填to remember。 79．The telephone rang while I _____________ music. (listen to) 【答案】was listening to 【详解】句意：我正在听音乐，电话铃响了。根据“The telephone rang while I...music”可知电话响时正在听音乐，用过去进行时，主语是I，be动词用was。故填was listening to。 80．It is time for class. Let’s ________ (hurry) to the classroom 【答案】hurry 【详解】句意：该上课了。让我们赶快去教室吧。hurry“急忙”，动词；let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，所以空处用动词原形，故填hurry。 三、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 81．我想和你交朋友。 I want to ________ ________ with you. 【答案】 make friends 【详解】根据句意可知考查make friends with表示“和……交朋友”；want to do sth表示“想要做某事”，make用动词原形。故填make；friends。 82．康康喜欢课后听音乐放松。 Kangkang likes to ________ ________ music to relax after class. 【答案】 listen to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“听”，“听音乐”的英文表达为listen to music；“like to”后接动词原形。故填listen；to。 83．我们正在努力赶上他们。 We are trying to ________ ________ with them. 【答案】 catch up 【详解】catch up with“赶上”，try to do sth“努力做某事”，故填catch；up。 84．这个风筝是纸做的。 The kite ________ ________ ________ paper. 【答案】 is made of 【详解】分析句子可知，空格处填“是……做的”，be made of/from是……做的，由……制成，be made of表示制成品仍可看出原材料，制作过程仅发生物理变化，be made from表示在制作过程中发生化学变化，制成品看不出原材料，纸做成风筝仅仅发生物理变化，可知应用be made of。此句表达是事实，时态应为一般现在时，主语The kite是第三人称单数，be动词应用is；故填is；made；of。 85．他爸爸告诉他在公众场合多注意言行。 His father told him to ________ ________ ________ ________ his words and behavior in public. 【答案】 pay more attention to 【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“多注意”，动词短语pay more attention to“多注意”，后面常接名词或动名词；tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”，pay应该用动词原形，故填pay more attention to。 86．她计划创办一家互联网公司。 She plans to ______________ ______________ an Internet company. 【答案】 set up 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，这里缺的是“创办”，英语是set up，是一个动词短语，而空格前有to，所以这里直接用动词原形，故答案为set up。 87．一切检查完毕后，动画片就准备好播放给大家欣赏了。 After everything has ________ ________, the cartoon is ready to be ________ for everyone to enjoy. 【答案】 been checked played 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“检查”和“播放”，第一空和第二空，check“检查”，根据“After everything has ...”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，check的过去分词为checked，everything与check是被动关系，即被检查，要用现在完成时的被动语态has been checked；第三空，play“播放”，cartoon与play是被动关系，即卡通被播放，要用play的过去分词played，与be构成被动语态be played。故填been；checked；played。 88．你知道如何交朋友吗？ Do you know how to ________ ________? 【答案】 make friends 【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“交朋友”，动词短语make friends意为“交朋友”，how to do sth“如何做某事”，make应该用动词原形，故填make；friends。 89．我的父母喜欢去远足。 My parents like to ________ ________. 【答案】 go hiking 【详解】对比中英文可知，此处缺少“去远足”，其英文表达为go hiking，like to do“喜欢做某事”是固定搭配，动词go应使用原形。故填go；hiking。 90．我不知道如何提高我的阅读速度。 I don’t know _________ _________ _________ my reading speed. 【答案】 how to increase 【详解】根据汉语意思可知缺少“如何提高”部分，可用“特殊疑问词”加“动词不定式”来表示，“如何”译为“how”，“提高”译为“increase”。故填how；to；increase。 91．对于Peter来说处理这个问题不难。 It’s easy for Peter ________ ________ ________ the problem. 【答案】 to deal with 【详解】原句中“处理”是关键词。表示“处理”的短语是deal with，且此处是“It’s+adj for sb to do sth”结构，用不定式作主语。应填to；deal；with。 92．我喜欢读关于过去的故事。 I like to ________ ________ ________ the old days. 【答案】 read stories about 【详解】根据中文提示可知，缺少“读故事”以及“关于”。“读故事”为read stories，“关于”为about。根据“I like to”可知，需填动词原形。故填read；stories；about。 93．没有什么可担心的。 There is nothing ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 to worry about 【详解】原句中“担心”是关键词，表示“担心”的短语是worry about；此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰复合不定代词nothing，故填to；worry；about。 94．我们将在会议室举行英语晚会。 We ________ ________ ________ hold the English evening in the meeting room. 【答案】 are going to 【详解】根据句意，本句时态是一般将来时，可用be going to do sth表示，主语“We”是复数，所以be动词用are。故填are；going；to。 95．我弟弟已经决定放弃跳舞。 My brother has decided to __________ ___________ ____________. 【答案】 give up dancing 【详解】根据中文可知句子缺少词组“放弃做某事”和动词“跳舞”；放弃做某事：give up doing sth.；跳舞：dance，所以“放弃跳舞”的英文表达为give up dancing；决定做某事：decide to do sth.，原句已有to，故填give up dancing。 96．我们镇的很多工厂在20世纪90年代倒闭了。 Many factories in our town were ________ ________ in the 1990s. 【答案】 closed down 【详解】中英文对照可知缺少“倒闭”的英文短语，close down表示“关闭”，且根据空前“were”和主语“many factories”可知要用一般过去时的被动语态，表示“许多工厂被关闭”；一般过去时的被动语态谓语动词结构为“was/were+动词过去分词”，所以close要变成过去分词，故填closed；down。 97．阳台是种植物最好的地方。 A balcony is the best place ______ ______ plants. 【答案】 to grow 【详解】grow“种植”，是动词，名词place前有形容词最高级best修饰，后面接动词不定式作定语，故填to；grow。 98．我的衬衫是棉质的。你的呢？ My shirt is ________ ________ cotton. What about yours? 【答案】 made of 【详解】对比给出的中英文可知，英文句子缺“由……制作”的表达。棉质衬衫能看出原材料，所以用短语“be made of”表示“由……制成”，故填made；of。 99．我想给我女儿买一条连衣裙。 I want ________ ________ a dress ________ my daughter. 【答案】 to buy for 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”；buy sth. for sb.意为“买某物给某人”。故填to；buy；for。 100．我们制定了一些新的法律来对抗污染。 We made some new laws to ________ ________ pollution. 【答案】 fight against 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“对抗”，其英文表达为fight against，动词短语；空前为动词不定式符号to，这里应用动词原形。故填fight；against。 1 / 1乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 八年级下册期末考之核心语法综合练习（新教材沪教版） 内容提要 单项选择题 单句语法填空题 完成句子填空题 班级 姓名 学号 分数 （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 单元名称 核心语法知识点 Unit 1 Helping those in need 动词不定式 Unit 2 Body language 动词 - ing 形式 Unit 3 Comics and animation 被动语态（一般现在时） Unit 4 Arts and heritage 被动语态（一般过去时和一般将来时） Unit 5 Saving animals in danger 形式主语 it 和 enough Unit 6 Learning by doing 情态动词 should 和 had better Unit 7 Space exploration 过去进行时 Unit 8 Imagine that! 原因状语从句 一、单项选择(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．Oh, Jack. Look at your room! You need ________ your room tidy! A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．keeps 2．Students are often told _____ at people who are in trouble. A．not to smile B．to smile C．not to laugh D．to laugh 3．—Do you want ________ soccer with me? —Sure. A．play B．to play C．plays D．playing 4．We need ________ our classroom tidy. A．to keeping B．keeps C．to keep D．keeping 5．I don’t know _____ A．how to use Ipad B．what to use Ipad C．how use Ipad D．what use Ipad 6．Mr. Lin ________ with a student when I walked into his office. A．talked B．was talking C．is talking D．talks 7．Do you want ________ basketball with us? A．play B．playing C．to play D．plays 8．I hope ________ you soon. A．hearing from B．to hear from C．get from D．to get from 9．Daming would like ________ two kilos of apples. A．buy B．buys C．buying D．to buy 10．I hope ________ in my hometown after I finish school. A．work B．works C．working D．to work 11．—Miss Li works too long every day. —I think so. She ________ a good rest. A．needs have B．need to have C．needs to have D．needs having 12．Students should exercise more ________ their health. A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved 13．We can leave two hours earlier if the work ________. A．completes B．completed C．is completed D．was completed 14．Where we should go ________ next Friday. A．is decided B．was decided C．will be decided D．has been decided 15．The doctor tells him ________ too much meat every day. A．don’t eat B．not eat C．not to eat D．no eat 16．Tom didn’t pass the exam ________ someone told him wrong answers. A．because of B．so C．because D．and 17．— What ball game do you want ________, Cindy?   — Table tennis. It’s fun. A．play B．plays C．to play D．playing 18．________ time, we went to Shanghai by plane. A．Save B．To Save C．Saving D．To saving 19．It’s said America was discovered ________ Columbus in 1492. A．with B．beside C．for D．by 20．Flowers ________ along the road every week. A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted 21．—I feel tired and sleepy. —Why not stop_____? A．to relax B．relaxing C．resting D．to work 22．Jim is good at telling stories. He always makes us ________ when he tells us stories. A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughs D．laughing 23．The fish ______ in the market tomorrow. A．will sell B．will sold C．will be sold D．will been sold 24．She doesn’t allow her son ________ in the river. A．swim B．swims C．swimming D．to swim 25．________ down air pollution, people should walk to work instead of driving. A．Cut B．Cuts C．To cut D．Cutting 26．I will be the first student ________ into space. A．travel B．to travel C．travelling D．travels 27．—Where is your father? —I don't know, but he ________ the car when I left just now. A．is washing B．washed C．was washing D．washes 28．Mr. Green asked us to stop____. So we stopped______to him at once. A．talking; listening B．to talk; listening C．talking; to listen D．to talk; to listen 29．—Did you go to Linda’s birthday party, Jill? —No. I ________. A．didn’t invite B．wasn’t invited C．am not invited D．haven’t invited 30．The fruit salad tastes delicious. Could you tell me ________? A．where to do it B．when to do it C．what to do D．how to do it 31．—Frank, I’m in trouble. I really don’t know ________ next. — Don’t worry. Let me help you. A．what to do B．how to do C．when to go D．why to go 32．You have to leave now ________ catch the early bus. A．so that B．as soon as C．in order to D．in order that 33．He’s so good at English that he dares ________ competitions and even talk to foreigners. A．to take part in B．taking part in C．to join D．joining 34．I’ll speak at the class meeting .I’m thinking about  _________. A．what to say B．how t o say C．what can I say D．how can I say 35．Telephones allow people ________ each other anytime, anywhere. A．communicate with B．to pay attention to C．speak to D．to keep in touch with 36．I don’t like science _______ it’s difficult. A．but B．so C．because D．and 37．—Could you please tell me ______________? —Sorry, I’m new here. A．why can I buy some juice B．when does the supermarket close C．how to get to the library D．what time does the movie begin 38．My grandma wants ________ around the world. She enjoys ________ new places. A．travelling; seeing B．to travel; to see C．to travel; seeing D．travelling; to see 39．Every morning I try ________, but I’m still late at times. A．not to late B．to not be late C．not to be late D．to be not late 40．I can’t go out to play. I have much homework ________. A．do B．does C．doing D．to do 41．Well, it’s time ________ goodbye. Please call me if you have any problems. A．say B．to say C．saying D．to saying 42．— Don’t forget ________ some beef when you go to the supermarket. — OK, I won’t. A．buy B．buys C．buying D．to buy 43．________ a better result for the final exam, we practiced more and worked even harder. A．Get B．To get C．Getting D．Got 44．Julius Caesar ________ that someone wanted to kill him and he should not speak in public. A．was warned B．warned C．was asked D．told 45．Our coach is pleased _____ we are playing better as a team now. A．so B．if C．because D．before 46．He fell asleep while he ________ books. A．is reading B．was reading C．reads D．read 47．—Let’s go to the nature park by bike! —But it will take us a few hours ________ there by bike. We’d better take a bus. A．to get B．getting C．get D．got 48．Tom is easy to ________. A．go along with B．get along with C．go along to D．get along to 49．—Wow, 2023 Friendship Forest Tree Planting Activity was a great success! —Yes. I knew many trees ______ for a better environment. A．plant B．were planted C．planted D．are planted 50．The boy should ________ get on well with ________. A．be taught how to, others B．be known, another C．teach how they, another D．taught to, the other 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 51．We are planning ________ (study) English harder than before. 52．The girl wants ________ (keep) the phone in the locker. 53．He’s riding his bike, but it starts _____________ (rain). 54．I hope ________ my happiness and worries with my friend. (share) 55．Everything is ready but we are still not sure when _______ (leave) for the next city. 56．We would like ________ (invite) you to the community party on Saturday. 57．I believe you can manage ________ (finish) the work by yourself. 58．We were reading our textbook when the teacher ________ (come). 59．Peter ____________ (play) the piano at this time yesterday. 60．It’s difficult ____________ (remember) everything you read in a book without taking notes. 61．Knowing how __________ (protect) yourself in disasters is very important. 62．It’s important ________ (set) a goal before doing anything. 63．Teachers often tell us not ________ (fight) with others. 64．It usually takes them half an hour ________（finish） their homework. 65．It is said that a girl named Jones __________ (kill) in the accident. 66．Do you have anything _______(eat)? I’m very hungry. 67．Nancy decided ________ (visit) Uncle Wang this weekend. 68．It’s not safe ______ your personal information with the person you don’t know well. (share) 69．He volunteers there once a week _________ (help) kids with their English. 70．It is very hard for them __________ (climb) Mount Tai. 71．One day, Mr Green asked Mrs Green ________ (go) shopping for him. 72．Please ask those students ____________ (not return) because it’s dangerous here. 73．It takes her about five minutes __________ (make) her bed every day. 74．I’m afraid he can’t afford ________ (wait) to go shopping. 75．I won’t be very busy this afternoon, so I ________ (can) play football with you. 76．Someone is often ______(fool)on April Fool's Day. 77．Tony refuses __________ (answer) this question. 78．I draw pictures ____________ (remember) new words better. 79．The telephone rang while I _____________ music. (listen to) 80．It is time for class. Let’s ________ (hurry) to the classroom 三、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 81．我想和你交朋友。 I want to ________ ________ with you. 82．康康喜欢课后听音乐放松。 Kangkang likes to ________ ________ music to relax after class. 83．我们正在努力赶上他们。 We are trying to ________ ________ with them. 84．这个风筝是纸做的。 The kite ________ ________ ________ paper. 85．他爸爸告诉他在公众场合多注意言行。 His father told him to ________ ________ ________ ________ his words and behavior in public. 86．她计划创办一家互联网公司。 She plans to ______________ ______________ an Internet company. 87．一切检查完毕后，动画片就准备好播放给大家欣赏了。 After everything has ________ ________, the cartoon is ready to be ________ for everyone to enjoy. 88．你知道如何交朋友吗？ Do you know how to ________ ________? 89．我的父母喜欢去远足。 My parents like to ________ ________. 90．我不知道如何提高我的阅读速度。 I don’t know _________ _________ _________ my reading speed. 91．对于Peter来说处理这个问题不难。 It’s easy for Peter ________ ________ ________ the problem. 92．我喜欢读关于过去的故事。 I like to ________ ________ ________ the old days. 93．没有什么可担心的。 There is nothing ________ ________ ________. 94．我们将在会议室举行英语晚会。 We ________ ________ ________ hold the English evening in the meeting room. 95．我弟弟已经决定放弃跳舞。 My brother has decided to __________ ___________ ____________. 96．我们镇的很多工厂在20世纪90年代倒闭了。 Many factories in our town were ________ ________ in the 1990s. 97．阳台是种植物最好的地方。 A balcony is the best place ______ ______ plants. 98．我的衬衫是棉质的。你的呢？ My shirt is ________ ________ cotton. What about yours? 99．我想给我女儿买一条连衣裙。 I want ________ ________ a dress ________ my daughter. 100．我们制定了一些新的法律来对抗污染。 We made some new laws to ________ ________ pollution. 1 / 1乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $