期末考之核心语法精练100题（上海专用）2025-2026学年八年级下学期英语 核心知识点 易错重难点考前特训（沪教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦八年级下册8单元核心语法，通过50道单选、30道语法填空、20道完成句子，构建从基础辨析到语境应用的全维度训练，提升语言理解与表达能力，强化语法知识逻辑链。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|50小题|考查语法点辨析（如动词不定式、被动语态）|按单元语法点（动词不定式→-ing形式→被动语态等）梯度设题，覆盖基础用法与易混点| |单句语法填空|30小题|词形转换与语法应用（如breath→breathe）|结合单元主题词汇，强化语法规则在词形变化中的应用| |完成句子填空|20小题|语境化语法表达（如“照顾老人”译为look after）|整合语法与意义表达，体现从语法知识到语言运用的思维转化|

考前特训 八年级下册期末考之核心语法综合练习（新教材沪教版） 内容提要 单项选择题 单句语法填空题 完成句子填空题 班级 姓名 学号 分数 （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 单元名称 核心语法知识点 Unit 1 Helping those in need 动词不定式 Unit 2 Body language 动词 - ing 形式 Unit 3 Comics and animation 被动语态（一般现在时） Unit 4 Arts and heritage 被动语态（一般过去时和一般将来时） Unit 5 Saving animals in danger 形式主语 it 和 enough Unit 6 Learning by doing 情态动词 should 和 had better Unit 7 Space exploration 过去进行时 Unit 8 Imagine that! 原因状语从句 一、单项选择(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．We ________ turn off the lights now because there are still some students. A．needn’t to B．don’t need C．don’t need to D．aren’t need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们现在不需要关灯，因为还有一些学生。 考查need的用法。need“需要”，作情态动词时，后接动词原形，否定直接在后面加not；作实义动词时，其后接to do形式，否定需要借助助动词；故选C。 2．Mum let me ________ the photo of my family. A．to take B．take C．taking D．took 【答案】B 【详解】句意：妈妈让我拍一张全家福。 考查非谓语动词。根据固定短语let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”可知，此处用动词原形。故选B。 3．Our teachers and parents always tells us__________. A．don’t late for school B．not to late for school C．not to be late for school D．to not be late for school 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的老师和父母总是告诉我们不要上学迟到。 考查非谓语动词。tell us not to do sth：告诉某人不要做某事；be late for school：上学迟到，故选C。 4．While my mother ________ dinner, my father was watching TV. A．cooked B．was cooking C．is cooking D．cooks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我妈妈在做饭的时候，我爸爸在看电视。 考查动词时态。cooked一般过去时；was cooking过去进行时；is cooking现在进行时；cooks一般现在时。根据“While my mother…dinner, my father was watching TV”可知，此处while连接两个并列的动作，后一句用的过去进行时，空上也用过去进行时，其构成是：was/were+动词的现在分词。故选B。 5．I’m sorry that I didn’t answer your phone just now. I______ at that time. A．was driving B．drive C．drove D．am driving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：很抱歉我刚才没接你的电话。那时我正在开车。 考查过去进行时。was driving正在驾驶（过去进行时）；drive驾驶（一般现在时）；drove驾驶（一般过去时）；am driving正在驾驶（现在进行时）。根据“at that time”可知，此处表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时was driving符合语境。故选A。 6．You’d better ________ late for school. A．be B．not be C．are D．are not 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你最好上学不要迟到。 考查情态动词。此处是固定搭配，had better not do sth“最好不做某事”；be late for“迟到”。此处表示“最好不要上学迟到”。故选B。 7．Lucy failed ________ on time and missed the class. A．arrive B．arrived C．arriving D．to arrive 【答案】D 【详解】句意：露西没能准时到达，错过了这节课。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Lucy failed…on time”可知，此处指“未能准时到达”，fail to do sth.“未能做某事”，动词短语，后接动词不定式作宾语。故选D。 8．Yesterday, when I ________ past the lab, I saw some scientists testing the world’s smallest solar panel. A．was walking B．am walking C．walk D．have walked 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天，当我正走过实验室时，我看到一些科学家正在测试世界上最小的太阳能电池板。 根据时间状语“Yesterday”可知句子描述的是过去发生的事情；当“我走过”这一动作正在进行时，发生了“看见”这一动作，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作应用过去进行时，结构为was/were + doing。主语是I，be动词用was。 9．Let’s ________ a picnic this Sunday afternoon. A．having B．to have C．had D．have 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个星期天下午我们去野餐吧。 考查非谓语动词。let sb do sth：让某人做某事，let是使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式作宾补，故选D。 10．—There ________ a science festival next month in our school. —Really? I believe we can see some interesting robot shows. A．is going to have B．is going to be C．are going to be D．will have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——下个月我们学校将举办科学节。——真的吗？我相信我们能看到一些有趣的机器人表演。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。is going to have将要有；is going to be将会是；are going to be将会是；will have将会有。根据“next month”可知应为一般将来时；根据“There...a science festival next month in our school.”可知应为there be句型，表示“某地存在某物”；根据空后“a science festival”为名词单数，谓语动词也应为单数；因此此处there be句型的一般将来时应为“there is going to be”。故选B。 11．Betty told me ________ her up at six o’clock, but I forgot all about it. A．wake B．woke C．waking D．to wake 【答案】D 【详解】句意：贝蒂让我六点钟叫醒她，但我全忘了。 考查非谓语动词。tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 12．What Kitty offer with her brother at weekends? A．do;do B．does;does C．do; does D．does;to do 【答案】D 【详解】句意：周末凯蒂主动和她哥哥做什么？ 考查时态、不定式。根据特殊疑问句的语序“疑问词+助动词+主语+谓语+宾语+状语”可知空格1填助动词，根据时间状语at weekends可知句子是一般现在时，状语Kitty是单数第三人称，助动词用does； offer to do sth 主动提出做某事，由此判断空格填不定式；故选D。 13．Would you like to ________ a doctor? A．be B．is C．are D．do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你想成为一个医生吗？ 考查动词。would like to do sth“想要做某事”，空前有to，此处动词用原形，排除B/C选项；结合语境可知，此处指的是“成为一名医生”，应用be动词，故选A。 14．You should promise________the Earth. A．not to polluting B．not to pollute C．to not pollute D．not polluting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你应该承诺不污染地球。 考查非谓语动词。promise to do sth 意为“承诺做某事”；根据语境可知，此处指“承诺不污染地球”，用动词不定式的否定式。故选B。 15．Ellen, do you know _________ to do with the rubbish when you are on the way? A．how B．when C．where D．what 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Ellen，你知道在路上怎么处理垃圾吗？ 考查疑问词辨析。how如何；when何时；where何地；what什么。根据“to do with the rubbish”，可知，此处用what to do with“如何处理”的固定搭配，故选D。 16．The room is ________ for three of us to live in. A．big enough B．enough big C．small enough D．enough small 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个房间足够我们三个人住。 考查enough用法。big大的；small小的；enough足够。enough作副词时，意为“足够地”，可修饰形容词和副词，但必须后置；根据“for three of us to live in.”可知，此处表示“房子足够大”。故选A。 17．Our teacher tells us ________ mobile phone at school. A．not use B．to not use C．use D．not to use 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的老师告诉我们不要在学校使用手机。 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配：tell sb (not) to do sth“告诉某人（不）做某事”，故选D。 18．I think the bookcase is the best for me _________. A．to put the books in B．putting the books in C．to put the books in it D．putting the books in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我认为对我来说最好把书放进书架里。 考查非谓语动词。put sth. in sth.把……放进……里；根据“the bookcase is the best for me”可知此空应用不定式作后置定语，put in与the bookcase构成动宾关系，因此in后无需加it。故选A。 19．We _____ on the new machine when the electricity went off. A．worked B．are working C．would work D．were working 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当断电时，我们正在操作新机器。 考查时态。A. worked（一般过去时）；B. are working（现在进行时）；C. would work（过去将来时）；D. were working（过去进行时）when引导的时间状语从句，表示的是时间点，主句的含义“正正在那时……”；根据主从句时态范畴一致，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，故选D。 20．Our teacher wants us ________ our parents at the school gate. A．to welcome B．welcome C．welcomes D．welcoming 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的老师希望我们在学校大门口欢迎我们的父母。 考查非谓语动词。根据对句子结构的分析可知，句子已有谓语动词wants，“welcome our parents”的部分在句子中作宾语补足语，所以应处理成非谓语动词的形式。want后只能接不定式作宾语补足语。want sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事。故选A。 21．This kind of wood ______ paper. A．is used to make B．used to make C．is used to making D．used to making 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这种木头被用于制作纸张。 本题考查动词短语辨析。be used to do被用于做……；used to do过去常常做某事；be used to doing 习惯于做某事，根据句意可知是“木头被制作成纸”，故选A。 22．I don’t like lemons ________ they are too sour. A．if B．after C．when D．because 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不喜欢柠檬，因为它们太酸了。 考查连词。if如果；after在……之后；when当……时；because因为。根据语境可知，不喜欢柠檬的原因是因为它太酸了，表因果关系应用连词because。故选D。 23．Her success encouraged me ___________ the same thing. A．try B．to try C．trying D．tired 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她的成功鼓励我去尝试同样的事情。 考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。try尝试，动词原形；to try动词不定式；trying动名词；tried动词过去式。根据“encouraged me…the same thing”可知此处应是encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”。故选B。 24．Lisa decides _______ to Shanghai with his sister. A．go B．to go C．gone D．going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：丽莎决定和他的妹妹去上海。 考查非谓语动词。固定短语decide to do sth“决定做某事”，故选B。 25．This year, the poor harvest caused prices ________ sharply. A．rise B．rising C．rose D．to rise 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今年，收成不佳导致价格急剧上涨。 考查非谓语动词。固定短语cause sth to do“导致某物……”，故选D。 26．Drivers are warned ________ after drinking wine. It’s dangerous. A．don’t drive B．not drive C．not to drive D．not driving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：司机被警告不要酒后开车。这很危险。 考查动词不定式的否定。固定短语warn sb not to do sth“警告某人不要做某事”，故选C。 27．The plane finally landed and not a single passenger ______. A．killed B．had killed C．was killed D．will be killed 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：飞机最后终于着陆了，并没有一个乘客伤亡。and连接的前后两个句子的时态为一般过去时态；后一个句子是表示被动的关系，故答案为C。 考点：考查被动语态的用法。 28．The machine is used _________ doctors measure the patients’ temperature? A．help B．to helping C．for help D．to help 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这台机器被用来帮助医生给病人测量体温。 考查固定搭配。help意为“帮助”，既可作动词也可作名词。A. help动词原形，B. to helping介词+动名词，C. for help，错误选项，正确形式：for helping。D. to help动词不定式结构。be used to do sth相当于be used for doing sth.意为“被用来做某事”，固定搭配。综上所述，故选D。 【点睛】1. be used to do sth相当于be used for doing sth.意为“被用来做某事”，其主语往往是物。例如：Pens are used to write. 笔是用来写字的。 2. be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”， 其中used为形容词“习惯的”，be可以用become, get等来代替，在意义上相当于accustomed to“习惯于”。同时，此结构中的to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词。例如： Lucy got used to living in the countryside．露西习惯于住在农村。 3. used to表示过去经常的动作或状态，但现在已经不是了。例如： I used to be afraid of dark. 我过去怕黑（但现在不怕了）。 29． More underground railways ______ in Shanghai in the near future A．will be built B．were built C．are built D．will build 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：在不久的将来，更多的地下铁路将被建成。根据in the near future 可知句子用一般将来时，根据句意句子应该用被动语态，故选A将来时的被动语态。 考点：考查时态和语态的用法。 30．—Why does Tina want _______ a reporter? —Because she likes ________ the people and ________. A．to be; talking to; writes B．to be; talking to; writing C．be; talking; writes D．be; talking; writing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Tina为什么想成为一名记者？——因为她喜欢与人聊天和写作。 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth表示“想要做某事”，不定式作宾语，第一个空用to be；talk to sb表示“与某人聊天”；like doing sth表示“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语，and连接并列的动名词，作宾语。故选B。 31．It is not easy for all students ________ English in junior high school. A．to learn B．learning C．learn D．to learning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在初中学习英语对于学生来说并不容易。 考查动词不定式的用法。it’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.“做某事对某人而言是……的”，所以此空应是动词不定式to learn，作真正的主语。故选A。 32．Don’t keep ________, you should ________ a rest. A．working; stop to have B．working; stop having C．to work; stop to have D．to work; stop having 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要继续工作，你应该停下来休息一下。 考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth继续做某事，动名词作宾语；stop to do sth停下来做另一件事；stop doing sth停止正在做的事情。根据“you should...”可知，应该停下来去休息，不要再工作了。故选A。 33．My brother was so careless that he forgot _______ his passport to the airport. A．take B．taking C．to take D．taken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我弟弟太粗心了，以至于忘记带护照去机场了。根据My brother was so careless that he forgot ____his passport to the airport.可知，本题考查固定搭配forget to do sth.表示“忘记去做某事”，结合选项，故答案选C。 点睛：解答本题需要注意forget to do sth.和forget doing sth.的区别。forget to do sth.表示“忘记去做某事”（表示事情还未做），而forget doing sth.表示“忘记做了某事”（表示事情已经做过），本句由句意可知是弟弟太粗心，他忘记带护照去机场了，这里表示事情还未做，所以用forget to do sth. 故答案选C。 34．My dream job is _______ a teacher of English in the future. A．be B．to be C．was D．will be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的梦想是将来当一名英语老师。 考查动词不定式。根据“My dream job is ... a teacher of English”可知，空处用动词不定式作表语。故选B。 35．Susan_____while the rest of the family were talking happily in the car. A．drove B．was driving C．has driven D．Drives 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：Susan正在开车，而家里的其他人正在车里开心地聊天。drove 开车，是drive的过去式；was driving是过去进行时；has driven是现在完成时；drives是第三人称单数形式。根据句意可知，这里表示过去正在发生的动作，故应选B。 考点：考查动词时态。 36．Peter’s ambition is ________ an actor in the future. A．to become B．to becoming C．becomes D．became 【答案】A 【详解】句意：彼得的志向是将来成为一名演员。 考查非谓语动词。to become为动词不定式形式；becomes成为，为动词的三单形式；became为动词的过去式。根据“Peter’s ambition is…an actor in the future.”可知，be to do sth.“计划做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作表语。故选A。 37．You’d better ________ your hands before meals. A．to wash B．wash C．not wash D．washing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你最好在饭前洗手。 考查情态动词。had better是情态动词，后接动词原形，had better do sth“最好做某事”，故选B。 38．Thanks to my Chinese teacher, he made _______ possible for me to face the difficulty. A．this B．that C．one D．it 【答案】D 【详解】句意：多亏了我的语文老师，他使我有可能面对困难。 考查代词的用法。this这个；that那个；one一个；it它。根据“he made ... possible for me to face the difficulty.”可知，此处是make it+形容词+for sb to do sth结构，表示“使某人做某事……”，句中it作形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。故选D。 39．Nowadays Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）can be used _________ doctors in many different ways. A．help B．to helping C．for help D．to help 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如今，人工智能可以用许多不同的方式帮助医生。 考查非谓语动词。be used to do sth：被用来做某事；be used for doing sth：被用来做某事。结合四个选项，D选项符合，故选D。 40．The story makes the girl ________ her idea to help others. A．change B．to change C．changing D．changes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个故事使这个女孩改变了主意去帮助别人。 考查使役动词make。使役动词make的用法是make sb. do sth.，意为“使某人做某事”，故选A。 41．— Mary, since you’ve worked for hours. Why not ________? — Thanks, I will. A．stop to have a rest B．stop having a rest C．stopping to have a rest D．stopping having a rest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——玛丽，既然你已经工作好几个小时了。为什么不停下来去休息一下呢？——谢谢，我会的。 考查Why not句型。“why not”译为“为什么不”，表示征求意见，后面加动词原形。排除CD两个选项。“stop doing”译为“停止正在做的事”，“stop to do”译为“停下来去做另外一件事”。根据语境，应该是“停下来去休息”，故选A。 42．2018年上海奉贤二模---what should I do, doctor? ---_________healthy, you should take more exercise. A．Keep B．Keeping C．To keep D．Being kept 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：医生，我该怎么做？你应该做锻炼来保持健康。本题考查动词不定式做目的状语。根据句意故选C. 考点：考查不定式的用法 43．We elected Alice ________ the monitor of our class. A．to as B．be C．to be D．do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们选爱丽丝当班长。 考查非谓语动词。to as作为；be是；to be成为；do做。此处是：elect sb. to be+职位（推举某人成为……），属于固定搭配。故选C。 44．Travelling is interesting and enables people ________ the world better. A．understand B．to understand C．understanding D．understood 【答案】B 【详解】句意：旅行很有趣，可以让人们更好地了解世界。 考查非谓语动词。understand为动词，表示“明白，理解”；enable sb. to do sth.为固定用法，表示“使某人能够做某事”。故选B。 45．We ________ study hard to build our motherland into a strong, powerful and civilized beautiful country. A．might B．could C．should D．would 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们要努力学习，把我们的祖国建设成为一个强大、强有力的、文明的美丽国家。 考查情态动词辨析。might可能；could可以；should应该；would将。根据“We … study hard to build our motherland into a strong, powerful and civilized beautiful country”可知，应该努力学习，表示一种建议，故选C。 46．My ambition is ________ an engineer. A．be B．to be C．being D．to being 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的志向是当一名工程师。 考查动词不定式。表示主语的内容和目的，用动词不定式作表语，故选B。 47．The Internet enables farmers ________ vegetables across the country. A．sell B．to sell C．selling D．sold 【答案】B 【详解】句意：互联网使农民能够在全国各地销售蔬菜。 考查非谓语动词。sell出售。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 48．It's time for sports. Let's ________ bowling, shall we? A．go B．to go C．going D．goes 【答案】A 【详解】句意: 运动的时间到了。我们去打保龄球吧，好吗？A. go动词，去；B. to go不定式；C. going动名词或现在分词；D. goes三单形式。let使役动词，后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾补。故选A。 49．I want the work ________ properly. I’m the only one who can do it right. A．do B．be done C．to be done D．to do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想把工作做好。我是唯一能做好的人。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。由句意可知“work”和“do”是被动关系，一般现在时被动语态结构为be done，空前“want”用法为want to do。故选C。 50．The World AIDS (艾滋病) Day is to make people _________ their best in the fight against AIDS. A．tried B．try C．trying D．tries 【答案】B 【详解】句意：世界艾滋病日是为了让人们尽最大努力抗击艾滋病。 考查非谓语。此处是make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，空处用省略to的不定式作宾补，故选B。 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 51．When Tom climbed the mountain, he opened his mouth wide to _________ heavily. (breath) 【答案】breathe 【详解】句意：汤姆爬山时，他张大嘴巴，大口喘气。breath“呼吸”，是名词；空处前是不定式符号to，后接动词原形，breathe“呼吸”，是动词。故填breathe。 52．Jane starts to ________ that true happiness comes from within. (realization) 【答案】realize 【详解】句意：简开始意识到真正的幸福来自内心。start to do sth.“开始做某事”，是固定搭配，应填动词原形realize“意识到”。故填realize。 53．I really __________ (admired) his courage. 【答案】admire 【详解】句意：我真的很佩服他的勇气。根据句意可知，此处用一般现在时， 句子主语是I，谓语动词用原形admire“欣赏”。故填admire。 54．I want ________ (buy) a new bag for my mother. 【答案】to buy 【详解】句意：我想给我妈妈买个新包。buy“买”，动词；want to do sth“想要做某事”，动词短语，此处应用to buy。故填to buy。 55．We cannot let the waste __________ the beach and sea life. (pollution) 【答案】pollute 【详解】句意：我们不能让垃圾污染海滩和海洋生物。let sth. do sth.“让某物做某事”，此空应填动词原形，pollution是名词，对应的动词是pollute，故填pollute。 56．The man is offering help to ________ the soup for his son. (hot) 【答案】heat 【详解】句意：这个男人正在主动帮忙把汤给他儿子加热。句中“to”为不定式符号，后接动词原形，hot“热的”是形容词，其动词形式为heat“加热”。 57．Joseph decided to ________ in the army after he graduated from the school.(service) 【答案】serve 【详解】句意：约瑟夫决定从学校毕业后去参军。固定搭配：decide to do sth“决定做某事”，故此空应填动词原形，service是名词，其对应的动词是serve，serve the army“服兵役”，故填serve。 58．Pudong is __________ to Puxi by some long bridges and tunnels. (connection) 【答案】connected 【详解】句意：浦东与浦西是通过一些长的桥梁和隧道相连接。根据空前的“is”和后面的“by”可知此处应该填connect的过去分词connected构成被动语态。故填connected。 59．It is fun ________ (watch) movies. 【答案】to watch 【详解】句意：看电影很有趣。it is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，固定句型，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式to do sth.。故填to watch。 60．Your bedroom is clean enough. You don’t need ____________ (tidy) it up. 【答案】to tidy 【详解】句意：你的卧室足够干净。你不必整理它。need to do sth“需要做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语。故填to tidy。 61．Who ________ going to learn a new English song next Tuesday? (be) 【答案】is 【详解】句意：下周二谁要学一首新的英文歌？主语是疑问词 Who，在无具体上下文时，Who 默认视为单数，因此 be 动词需用单数形式 is。故填is。 62．Tom gave more examples to ________ what he said was true. (proof) 【答案】prove 【详解】句意：汤姆举出了更多的例子来证明他说的是真的。proof“证据”，名词，根据“Tom gave more examples to...what he said was true.”可知，举例是为了证明他说的是真的，不定式结构to后面加动词原形prove。故填prove。 63．More money __________ on fighting the air pollution in Shanghai next year.（spend） 【答案】will be spent 【详解】句意：明年上海将会花费更多的钱在对抗环境污染上。主语“more money”与谓语“spend”之间为被动关系，又根据“next year”可知，这里用一般将来时的被动语态，结构是“will be done”，spend的过去分词为spent。故填will be spent。 64．The mother lion would never do anything to __________ the lives of her cubs. (danger) 【答案】endanger 【详解】句意：母狮绝不会做任何危及幼狮生命的事情。根据“to...the lives”可知，横线处需填动词，danger“危险”，名词，其动词形式为endanger，意为“危及”，且位于不定式符号to后，应用动词原形。故填endanger。 65．When I got into the classroom, the four students were still __________. (argument) 【答案】arguing 【详解】句意：当我走进教室时，四个学生还在争论。argument“争论”，名词，这里由句意和空前的were可知，这里是过去进行时，表示在过去的某个时候动作正在发生，所以用动词的现在分词。故填arguing。 66．Dolphins use sound to ____________ with each other. (communication) 【答案】communicate 【详解】句意：海豚用声音互相交流。communication“交流”，是名词，空前有不定式符号to，所以此处应用动词communicate，且动词用原形，故填communicate。 67．The doctor made up his mind to __________ on the patient at once. (operation) 【答案】operate 【详解】句意：医生决定立即给病人做手术。固定表达make up one’s mind to do sth.“下定决心做某事”，可知此处应用operation的动词形式operate“动手术”，故填operate。 68．Get yourselves ready, and you are sure to __________ in the coming tests. (success) 【答案】succeed 【详解】句意：让你们自己准备好，你们就一定会在即将来临的测试中成功。句子是and连接的两个并列分句。后半句主语是you，谓语是are sure to。短语be sure to do sth. “一定会做某事”，后接动词原型。success“成功”，名词，其动词形式为succeed“成功”。故填succeed。 69．To ________ a new picture, that famous painter has stayed in the studio for a week. (creative) 【答案】create 【详解】句意：为了创作一幅新画，那位著名画家在画室里呆了一个星期。根据“To ... a new picture...”可知，空格处填动词原形，“creative”的动词是“create”。故填create。 70．The company has provided more chances for the staff to ________ their knowledge and skills. (widely) 【答案】widen 【详解】句意：公司已经为员工拓宽知识和技能提供了很多机会。根据“The company has provided more chances for the staff to”可知，此处应用动词原形，作目的状语，widely“普遍的”，形容词，动词widen表示“拓宽”。故填widen。 71．He bought a new house last month. He wants to ________ it. (decoration) 【答案】decorate 【详解】句意：他上个月买了一所新房子。他想装饰它。want to do sth“想要做某事”，使用动词不定式作宾语，故填decorate。 72．The guest made a phone call to the manager to __________ about the noisy pet. (complaint) 【答案】complain 【详解】句意：客人打电话给经理抱怨宠物太吵了。to应跟动词原形构成不定式，在句中作目的状语，complaint对应的动词是complain，故填complain。 73．We must promise ________ (not be) unkind to the puppies. 【答案】not to be 【详解】句意：我们必须保证不能对小狗不友善。promise后跟动词不定式形式，故用“not to be”来表示否定不定式。故填not to be。 74．Jack wants to be a fireman. He wants to __________ people from danger.(safety) 【答案】save 【详解】句意：杰克想成为一名消防员。他想把人们从危险中救出来。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，故此处用动词原形，safety“安全”，为名词，其动词形式为save“拯救”。故填save。 75．My sister helped me _________ (pour) the water into the cup. 【答案】pour 【详解】句意：我姐姐帮我把水倒进杯子里。固定短语help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，故填pour。 76．Some students think that it is very difficult to ___________ English words. (memory) 【答案】memorize 【详解】句意：有些学生认为英语单词很难记住。固定句型it is+形容词+to do意为“做某事是……的”，it为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。memory“记忆”，名词，所以空处用动词原形memorize“记住”。故填memorize。 77．They are going to __________ a charity sale to raise money for people in need. (organization) 【答案】organize 【详解】句意：他们打算组织一场慈善义卖来为有需要的人筹款。be going to后接动词原形，“organization”是名词，其动词形式为“organize”，表示“组织”。故填organize。 78．Their work is ________ (clean) the streets. 【答案】to clean 【详解】句意：他们的工作是清扫大街。此处作表语，要用动词不定式结构，故填to clean。 79．You should learn to ________ problems by yourself. (solution) 【答案】solve 【详解】句意：你应该学会自己解决问题。根据“You should learn to ...”和提示词可知，learn to do sth.“学会做某事”，横线处需填动词原形。“solution”为“方法”，名词，其动词形式为solve。故填solve。 80．I want to __________ about these shoes. I bought them here yesterday. (complaint) 【答案】complain 【详解】句意：我想投诉这些鞋子。我昨天在这里买的它们。考查固定搭配want to do sth.“想要做某事”，此处动词不定式作宾语，不定式符号to已给出，所以，complaint“投诉，抱怨”的动词形式complain符合题意。故填complain。 三、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 81．我想和你分享我最喜欢的书，因为我觉得你会喜欢的。 I want to ________ my favorite book with you because I think you will like it. 【答案】share 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“分享”，“分享”的英文表达为share，动词原形；又根据空格前“want to”可知，此处考查：want to do sth“想要做某事”，固定搭配，所以动词share保持原形即可，与to构成不定式，作宾语。故填share。 82．在发表演讲前，最好深呼吸一下让自己冷静下来。 Before making a speech, it’s good to ________ ________ ________ ________ to calm yourself down. 【答案】 take a deep breath 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“深呼吸”。“深呼吸”的英文表达为“take a deep breath”，且空处前有动词不定式to，其后接动词原形。故填take；a；deep；breath。 83．我想当志愿者，帮助他们照顾老人。 I want to be a volunteer and help them to ________ ________ old people. 【答案】 look/care after/for 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，“照顾某人”care for sb.、look after sb.或take care of sb.。根据“help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事”可知，设空处应为动词原形，另只有两空。故填look/care；after/for。 84．我们班是由30多名学生组成。 Our class ________ ________ ________ ________ more than 30 students. 【答案】 is made up of 【详解】be made up of“由……组成”，此句是一般现在时，class表示“班级”，作为整体看作单数形式，be动词用is，故填is；made；up；of。 85．外面天气很热。你最好待在家里。 It’s hot outside. You’d better _______ ________. 【答案】 stay in 【详解】对照中英文可知，缺乏的中文部分是“待在家里”，其英文表达是“stay in”，且had better后接动词原形。故填stay；in。 86．昨天晚上我很高兴，因为我妈妈同意带我去看电影。 Last night I was very happy because my mother ________ ________ ________ me to watch a movie. 【答案】 agreed to take 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“同意带”，“同意做某事”agree to do sth.；“带某人去做某事”take sb. to do sth.。根据“Last night I was very happy”可知用一般过去时，agree的过去式agreed。故填agreed；to；take。 87．很明显，他们非常想知道他的名字。 It was clear that they ________ ________ ________ ________ his name. 【答案】 were dying to know 【详解】分析句子及所给汉意可知，填空处应为“非常想知道”，be dying to“渴望”，固定短语，know“知道”；本句为宾语从句，当主句为一般过去时，从句也应为过去的某种时态，主语为they，故be动词应用were。故填were；dying；to；know。 88．争吵之后，他们谈了一次话，以尽释前嫌。 After the argument, they had a talk to ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 clear the air 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“尽释前嫌”。“尽释前嫌”对应的英文固定短语是clear the air，to后接动词原形构成不定式表目的。故填clear；the；air。 89．当他五岁的时候学会弹钢琴。 He ________ ________ ________ the piano when he was five. 【答案】 began to learn 【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知，应该填的是“开始学”，begin to do sth“开始做某事”，learn“学会”，由“when he was five”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以第一个空用begin的过去式began，故填began；to；learn。 90．我们为通过慈善工作帮助有需要的人感到自豪。 We are ________ ________ ________ those in need through our charity work. 【答案】 proud to help 【详解】be proud to do sth“为做某事而骄傲”，是固定短语，help“帮助”。故填proud；to；help。 91．贝蒂听说许多动物处于危险之中感到悲伤。 Betty was ________ ________ hear about so many animals in danger. 【答案】 sad to 【详解】sad“悲伤的”，形容词，在句中作表语；be sad to do sth.“对做某事感到悲伤”，此处应为动词不定式作原因状语。故填sad；to。 92．许多学生征求关于如何提高英语（水平）的建议。 Many students ask for advice about ___________ _________ _________ their English. 【答案】 how to improve 【详解】表达“提高”用动词improve，放在第三空，结合句意和所给的空可知，本句考查“疑问词+不定式”作about的宾语，疑问词使用how表示“如何”。所以第一空填how；第二空填to。故填how；to；improve。 93．她要求我给她的孩子们编一个故事。 She asked me to ________ ________ a story for her children. 【答案】 make up 【详解】“编造故事”make up a story, 前面有ask sb to do sth, 前面已经有to, 故这里直接用原形，故填make up。 94．我们向去周游世界。 We want to ________ _________ ________ _________. 【答案】 travel around the world 【详解】travel around the world周游世界，want to do sth.想做某事。故答案为(1). travel   (2). around   (3). the   (4). world 。 95．所有的明星都受到了年轻人的仰慕。 All the stars ________ ________ ________ ________ by the young. 【答案】 are looked up to 【详解】根据所给的汉语，结合英语句子分析可知，句子缺少“仰慕”。“仰慕”用短语look up to表示；受到了年轻人的仰慕也就是被仰慕的意思，根据汉语意思可知用一般现在时的被动句。故答案为(1). are    (2). looked    (3). up    (4). to 96．没有老师同行，学生不允许进入化学实验室。 Students ________ ________ to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 【答案】 aren’t allowed 【详解】分析句子结构和中文提示可知，空格处应填谓语动词表示“不允许”。be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事”，为固定搭配，主语students为第三人称复数，所以be动词用are。此处是否定句，应在are后加not，缩写为aren’t。故填aren’t；allowed。 97．饭后散步是个好习惯。 It’s a good habit ________ ________ _________ _________ after dinner. 【答案】 to take a walk 【详解】中英文对比，空格处缺少“散步”的翻译。take a walk“散步”，it在句中作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to; take; a; walk。 98．她穿上鞋子，开始跑步。 She puts on the shoes and __________ __________ __________. 【答案】 begins/starts to run 【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知，应该填的是“开始跑”，固定搭配begin/start to do sth表示“开始去做某事”，run意为“跑”，主语she是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式，故填begins/starts；to；run。 99．我真的不知道该怎样对付他这样的人。 I really don’t know how to ______ ______ a man like him. 【答案】 deal with 【详解】动词“know”后面的宾语用“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，表示“对付”用动词短语“deal with”。故填deal with。 100．我不知道如何和新同学相处。 I don’t know how to ______ ______ with new classmates. 【答案】 get on/along 【详解】根据句意和题干可知此句是否定句，时态为一般现在时，how to do sth.怎样做某事，后接动词原形。句中考查动词短语get along/on with sb.表示“和……相处”。故填get on/ along。 1 / 1乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 八年级下册期末考之核心语法综合练习（新教材沪教版） 内容提要 单项选择题 单句语法填空题 完成句子填空题 班级 姓名 学号 分数 （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 单元名称 核心语法知识点 Unit 1 Helping those in need 动词不定式 Unit 2 Body language 动词 - ing 形式 Unit 3 Comics and animation 被动语态（一般现在时） Unit 4 Arts and heritage 被动语态（一般过去时和一般将来时） Unit 5 Saving animals in danger 形式主语 it 和 enough Unit 6 Learning by doing 情态动词 should 和 had better Unit 7 Space exploration 过去进行时 Unit 8 Imagine that! 原因状语从句 一、单项选择(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．We ________ turn off the lights now because there are still some students. A．needn’t to B．don’t need C．don’t need to D．aren’t need 2．Mum let me ________ the photo of my family. A．to take B．take C．taking D．took 3．Our teachers and parents always tells us__________. A．don’t late for school B．not to late for school C．not to be late for school D．to not be late for school 4．While my mother ________ dinner, my father was watching TV. A．cooked B．was cooking C．is cooking D．cooks 5．I’m sorry that I didn’t answer your phone just now. I______ at that time. A．was driving B．drive C．drove D．am driving 6．You’d better ________ late for school. A．be B．not be C．are D．are not 7．Lucy failed ________ on time and missed the class. A．arrive B．arrived C．arriving D．to arrive 8．Yesterday, when I ________ past the lab, I saw some scientists testing the world’s smallest solar panel. A．was walking B．am walking C．walk D．have walked 9．Let’s ________ a picnic this Sunday afternoon. A．having B．to have C．had D．have 10．—There ________ a science festival next month in our school. —Really? I believe we can see some interesting robot shows. A．is going to have B．is going to be C．are going to be D．will have 11．Betty told me ________ her up at six o’clock, but I forgot all about it. A．wake B．woke C．waking D．to wake 12．What Kitty offer with her brother at weekends? A．do;do B．does;does C．do; does D．does;to do 13．Would you like to ________ a doctor? A．be B．is C．are D．do 14．You should promise________the Earth. A．not to polluting B．not to pollute C．to not pollute D．not polluting 15．Ellen, do you know _________ to do with the rubbish when you are on the way? A．how B．when C．where D．what 16．The room is ________ for three of us to live in. A．big enough B．enough big C．small enough D．enough small 17．Our teacher tells us ________ mobile phone at school. A．not use B．to not use C．use D．not to use 18．I think the bookcase is the best for me _________. A．to put the books in B．putting the books in C．to put the books in it D．putting the books in 19．We _____ on the new machine when the electricity went off. A．worked B．are working C．would work D．were working 20．Our teacher wants us ________ our parents at the school gate. A．to welcome B．welcome C．welcomes D．welcoming 21．This kind of wood ______ paper. A．is used to make B．used to make C．is used to making D．used to making 22．I don’t like lemons ________ they are too sour. A．if B．after C．when D．because 23．Her success encouraged me ___________ the same thing. A．try B．to try C．trying D．tired 24．Lisa decides _______ to Shanghai with his sister. A．go B．to go C．gone D．going 25．This year, the poor harvest caused prices ________ sharply. A．rise B．rising C．rose D．to rise 26．Drivers are warned ________ after drinking wine. It’s dangerous. A．don’t drive B．not drive C．not to drive D．not driving 27．The plane finally landed and not a single passenger ______. A．killed B．had killed C．was killed D．will be killed 28．The machine is used _________ doctors measure the patients’ temperature? A．help B．to helping C．for help D．to help 29． More underground railways ______ in Shanghai in the near future A．will be built B．were built C．are built D．will build 30．—Why does Tina want _______ a reporter? —Because she likes ________ the people and ________. A．to be; talking to; writes B．to be; talking to; writing C．be; talking; writes D．be; talking; writing 31．It is not easy for all students ________ English in junior high school. A．to learn B．learning C．learn D．to learning 32．Don’t keep ________, you should ________ a rest. A．working; stop to have B．working; stop having C．to work; stop to have D．to work; stop having 33．My brother was so careless that he forgot _______ his passport to the airport. A．take B．taking C．to take D．taken 34．My dream job is _______ a teacher of English in the future. A．be B．to be C．was D．will be 35．Susan_____while the rest of the family were talking happily in the car. A．drove B．was driving C．has driven D．Drives 36．Peter’s ambition is ________ an actor in the future. A．to become B．to becoming C．becomes D．became 37．You’d better ________ your hands before meals. A．to wash B．wash C．not wash D．washing 38．Thanks to my Chinese teacher, he made _______ possible for me to face the difficulty. A．this B．that C．one D．it 39．Nowadays Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）can be used _________ doctors in many different ways. A．help B．to helping C．for help D．to help 40．The story makes the girl ________ her idea to help others. A．change B．to change C．changing D．changes 41．— Mary, since you’ve worked for hours. Why not ________? — Thanks, I will. A．stop to have a rest B．stop having a rest C．stopping to have a rest D．stopping having a rest 42． ---what should I do, doctor? ---_________healthy, you should take more exercise. A．Keep B．Keeping C．To keep D．Being kept 43．We elected Alice ________ the monitor of our class. A．to as B．be C．to be D．do 44．Travelling is interesting and enables people ________ the world better. A．understand B．to understand C．understanding D．understood 45．We ________ study hard to build our motherland into a strong, powerful and civilized beautiful country. A．might B．could C．should D．would 46．My ambition is ________ an engineer. A．be B．to be C．being D．to being 47．The Internet enables farmers ________ vegetables across the country. A．sell B．to sell C．selling D．sold 48．It's time for sports. Let's ________ bowling, shall we? A．go B．to go C．going D．goes 49．I want the work ________ properly. I’m the only one who can do it right. A．do B．be done C．to be done D．to do 50．The World AIDS (艾滋病) Day is to make people _________ their best in the fight against AIDS. A．tried B．try C．trying D．tries 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 51．When Tom climbed the mountain, he opened his mouth wide to _________ heavily. (breath) 52．Jane starts to ________ that true happiness comes from within. (realization) 53．I really __________ (admired) his courage. 54．I want ________ (buy) a new bag for my mother. 55．We cannot let the waste __________ the beach and sea life. (pollution) 56．The man is offering help to ________ the soup for his son. (hot) 57．Joseph decided to ________ in the army after he graduated from the school.(service) 58．Pudong is __________ to Puxi by some long bridges and tunnels. (connection) 59．It is fun ________ (watch) movies. 60．Your bedroom is clean enough. You don’t need ____________ (tidy) it up. 61．Who ________ going to learn a new English song next Tuesday? (be) 62．Tom gave more examples to ________ what he said was true. (proof) 63．More money __________ on fighting the air pollution in Shanghai next year.（spend） 64．The mother lion would never do anything to __________ the lives of her cubs. (danger) 65．When I got into the classroom, the four students were still __________. (argument) 66．Dolphins use sound to ____________ with each other. (communication) 67．The doctor made up his mind to __________ on the patient at once. (operation) 68．Get yourselves ready, and you are sure to __________ in the coming tests. (success) 69．To ________ a new picture, that famous painter has stayed in the studio for a week. (creative) 70．The company has provided more chances for the staff to ________ their knowledge and skills. (widely) 71．He bought a new house last month. He wants to ________ it. (decoration) 72．The guest made a phone call to the manager to __________ about the noisy pet. (complaint) 73．We must promise ________ (not be) unkind to the puppies. 74．Jack wants to be a fireman. He wants to __________ people from danger.(safety) 75．My sister helped me _________ (pour) the water into the cup. 76．Some students think that it is very difficult to ___________ English words. (memory) 77．They are going to _________ a charity sale to raise money for people in need. (organization) 78．Their work is ________ (clean) the streets. 79．You should learn to ________ problems by yourself. (solution) 80．I want to __________ about these shoes. I bought them here yesterday. (complaint) 三、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 81．我想和你分享我最喜欢的书，因为我觉得你会喜欢的。 I want to ________ my favorite book with you because I think you will like it. 82．在发表演讲前，最好深呼吸一下让自己冷静下来。 Before making a speech, it’s good to ________ ________ ________ ________ to calm yourself down. 83．我想当志愿者，帮助他们照顾老人。 I want to be a volunteer and help them to ________ ________ old people. 84．我们班是由30多名学生组成。 Our class ________ ________ ________ ________ more than 30 students. 85．外面天气很热。你最好待在家里。 It’s hot outside. You’d better _______ ________. 86．昨天晚上我很高兴，因为我妈妈同意带我去看电影。 Last night I was very happy because my mother ________ ________ ________ me to watch a movie. 87．很明显，他们非常想知道他的名字。 It was clear that they ________ ________ ________ ________ his name. 88．争吵之后，他们谈了一次话，以尽释前嫌。 After the argument, they had a talk to ________ ________ ________. 89．当他五岁的时候学会弹钢琴。 He ________ ________ ________ the piano when he was five. 90．我们为通过慈善工作帮助有需要的人感到自豪。 We are ________ ________ ________ those in need through our charity work. 91．贝蒂听说许多动物处于危险之中感到悲伤。 Betty was ________ ________ hear about so many animals in danger. 92．许多学生征求关于如何提高英语（水平）的建议。 Many students ask for advice about ___________ _________ _________ their English. 93．她要求我给她的孩子们编一个故事。 She asked me to ________ ________ a story for her children. 94．我们向去周游世界。 We want to ________ _________ ________ _________. 95．所有的明星都受到了年轻人的仰慕。 All the stars ________ ________ ________ ________ by the young. 96．没有老师同行，学生不允许进入化学实验室。 Students ________ ________ to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 97．饭后散步是个好习惯。 It’s a good habit ________ ________ _________ _________ after dinner. 98．她穿上鞋子，开始跑步。 She puts on the shoes and __________ __________ __________. 99．我真的不知道该怎样对付他这样的人。 I really don’t know how to ______ ______ a man like him. 100．我不知道如何和新同学相处。 I don’t know how to ______ ______ with new classmates. 1 / 1乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $