2026届最新高考英语模拟三轮冲刺之阅读理解15篇（议论文）（浙江专用）

**基本信息** 聚焦社会热点话题，通过15篇议论文阅读训练，系统提升学生细节理解、推理判断等语言能力与批判性思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|15篇议论文/60题|以细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意、词义猜测为主，注重观点辨析与逻辑推理|围绕数字生活、心理健康、文化认知等主题，构建"现象描述-观点分析-价值探讨"的逻辑链条，培养学生跨文化理解与辩证思维能力|

2026届最新高考模拟三轮冲刺卷之（浙江专用） 阅读理解15篇（议论文） Passage 1 Young people’s engagement with social media platforms like TikTok and Instagram is shaping how they understand and interact with the natural world, offering opportunities to connect their online experiences with meaningful encounters with nature, a new study reveals. The research, published in People and Nature, found that teenagers often encounter nature through their time online, which influences their perceptions and behaviors when visiting the countryside. These digital baselines provide educators, policymakers and outdoor leaders with a unique starting point for building deeper connections with nature. Dr. Jack Reed, from the University of Exeter, who led the study, said, “Young people are not separating their online and offline worlds the way previous generations might have. Their experiences of nature can begin online, and this influences how they engage with the outdoors in person. Rather than resisting this change, we can adopt it and use it as a tool to inspire stronger connections with the natural world.” The study emphasizes that “screen based nature” content, from outdoor challenges to virtual environments, is shaping how young people come to know nature. Social media platforms offer round-the-clock access to natural imagery and ideas, inspiring trends like nature-inspired art and outdoor adventures. While these digital interactions lack the sensory richness of being outdoors, they present exciting opportunities to introduce young people to real-life experiences in nature. Dr. Reed said, “It’s clear that young people are learning about nature in new and innovative ways. By recognizing and building on this, we can create educational programs that meet them where they are at and inspire real-world exploration. This approach allows us to connect young people’s online inspirations to the practical benefits of being outdoors.” “There’s no value in trying to deny young people’s use of technology — it’s part of their world,” Dr. Reed said. “Instead, we can celebrate and channel their digital experiences to build meaningful, real-world connections to nature.” 1．What does the underlined part “this change” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Young people’s engaging with social media platforms. B．Young people’s beginning exploring the natural world. C．Young people’s separating their online and offline worlds. D．Young people’s integrating their online and offline worlds. 2．Which of the following is mentioned as a positive effect of “screen-based nature” content? A．It motivates real-world interests. B．It provides a sensory-rich experience. C．It avoids dangerous outdoor adventures. D．It reduces the need for experiences in nature. 3．How does Dr. Reed view young people’s use of social media platforms? A．It’s useless. B．It’s necessary. C．It’s fashionable. D．It’s unbelievable. 4．What does Dr. Reed emphasize about educating young people? A．Limiting technology use to prioritize outdoor activities. B．Replacing digital experiences with traditional education. C．Using online experiences to inspire real-world exploration. D．Encouraging young people to get more digital experiences. Passage 2 Two years ago, I was stressed, anxious and trapped in a rapidly changing world, struggling to keep pace and find true fulfillment. Desperate for answers, I turned to Tao Te Ching, an ancient Chinese philosophical classic of 81 short poems written over 2,600 years ago. A profound line deeply resonated with me: “The supreme goodness is like water. It benefits all things without contention.” From water’s philosophy in this line, I learned three vital lessons that have helped me find greater fulfillment in all I do. The first lesson is humility. Water flows low in rivers, silently nurturing all plants and sustaining every living creature, never seeking attention, rewards or recognition for its gifts, yet life would not exist without its humble contribution. This taught me to bravely admit “I don’t know”, embrace a desire to learn more and ask for others’ help, rather than pretending to have all the answers or be in full control. The second is harmony. When meeting a rock in its path, water simply flows around it — no anger, no agitation, no forceful confrontation, overcoming obstacles gently and finding solutions without conflict. I then realized my stress stemmed from working against, not in harmony with, my environment. I forced changes to prove my worth, only to end up frustrated with nothing to show for it. The third is openness. Water is infinitely adaptable: it changes into liquid, solid or gas with temperature shifts and takes the shape of any container it is in. Its flexibility lets it endure endless environmental changes. In our fast-changing world, we can no longer rely on fixed job descriptions or a single career path, but must constantly reinvent and refresh our skills to stay relevant. Now, whenever I feel stressed, unfulfilled, anxious or uncertain, I just ask myself one simple question: What would water do? Give it a try, and I’d love to hear how it works for you. 1．Why did the author turn to Tao Te Ching two years ago? A．To seek solutions to inner anxiety and confusion. B．To explore the philosophical significance of water. C．To research the philosophical origin of water culture. D．To read a resonating line for the author’s spiritual pursuit. 2．What can we learn about the lesson of humility from the text? A．One should ask for help only when he claims “I don’t know”. B．Humility means one has to ignore others’ recognition completely. C．Water’s humility is reflected in its nourishing living things silently. D．The assumption of being all-knowing goes against the real humility. 3．What was the root cause of the author’s initial stress? A．His refusal to make any changes in life. B．His resistance to adapting to his environment. C．His lack of effective problem-solving methods. D．His inability to show off his worth through effort. 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．Introducing the historical background of Tao Te Ching. B．Explaining why water is essential to all living creatures. C．Sharing a philosophy that helps him overcome life challenges. D．Criticizing people who refuse to adapt to environmental changes. Passage 3 For years, experts have cautioned that excessive screen time wears away cognitive depth and sustained focus. Now, a cultural fightback is underway. Phrases like “digital burnout” and “attention recession (注意力衰退)” have entered mainstream discourse. According to a Deloitte survey, nearly 25% of respondents deleted at least one social media app in the past year — a figure that rises to one-third among Generation Z, who cite mental health strain and the performative pressure of constant connectivity. This raises a pressing question: if users are increasingly aware of the psychological costs of infinite scrolling, why do brands push harder to capture attention? The uncomfortable truth lies in advertising’s economic function. While advertising did not create the modern economy, it fuels its growth. Each paid impression sustains a system that regulators, parents and policymakers are now questioning. Thus, what began as a debate about technology has unavoidably become a conversation about marketing issues. Yet the previous data shows this strategy is backfiring. Kantar’s Media Reactions study reveals a sharp decline in people saying social media ads capture their attention. In other words, brands are paying more for less effective engagement. Under such circumstances, some forward-thinking brands are choosing another way. Heineken, a Dutch beer brand, for instance, launched a “Boring Phone” campaign to encourage presence over scrolling. Similarly, Bottega Veneta, an Italian luxury fashion brand, made headlines by deactivating its social media accounts, redirecting focus toward craftsmanship, physical exhibitions, and cultural dialogue. These aren’t anti-digital moves. They’re signals of a shift: from maximising attention to respecting it. So where does this leave us? Young people say the always-on model is breaking them. Parents and regulators are desperate for solutions. The central question is no longer whether the attention economy carries consequences, but whether the market will lead a voluntary transformation or await imposed (强制的) force. 1．What is mainly discussed in the first paragraph? A．Public reaction to excessive screen time. B．The mental harm caused by social media. C．Professional warnings against screen overuse. D．The pressure on digital apps to improve service. 2．Why do brands persist in aggressive digital engagement? A．Regulators demand more online content. B．Policymakers desire efficient user response. C．Users’ resistance is considered insignificant. D．Brands regard users’ attention as profitable. 3．How did some forward-thinking brands address the challenge? A．By prioritizing care for users’ attention. B．By refusing to update any digital output. C．By expanding their social media presence. D．By launching digital advertising campaigns. 4．What does the author expect for the future of the attention economy? A．The attention-based industry will soon collapse. B．The transformation will take place in any case. C．Brands will further maximize attention capture. D．Regulatory measures will ultimately force changes. Passage 4 Imagine you’re at a football game when an annoying guy sits next to you. He talks loudly, spills (洒出) his drink on you and makes fun of your team. Days later, you’re walking in the park when it suddenly starts to pour with rain. Who should appear beside you to offer an umbrella? What if it is the same guy from the football game? Will you change your opinion of him because of this second meeting, or stick to your first impression and refuse to accept him? Research in social psychology shows that we quickly form long-lasting views of others based on their behaviors. We can even conclude stable personal qualities from a single action, such as a rude remark or an awkward move. Guided by these impressions, we can often predict how people will act in the future. Knowing the guy from the game was unfriendly at first, you might expect similar bad behavior from him later on. That said, new information can change our views. Usually, learning about someone’s immoral acts has a stronger influence than hearing about their good deeds. This is because bad behaviors better show a person’s true character. But this bias has a condition: the brain weighs how typical the behavior is. Common kindness is expected; rare rudeness is revealing. Thus, the first impression persists (保持) not because we ignore the good, but because the good is statistically uninformative. When updating impressions, our brains work with a network of regions related to social thinking, attention and control. They judge if a behavior is normal or unusual. Interestingly, trusting first impressions can itself be a reasonable, calculated choice. In the case of the football fan, lending an umbrella is ordinary, but his bad behavior at the game is not. So you may still trust your first impression. A key lesson here is that we often care more about others’ immoral acts than their moral ones. 1．What do we know about social psychology research? A．We predict others’ acts randomly. B．Good acts leave good impressions. C．First impressions are easily updated. D．A single act helps form views of others. 2．Why do immoral acts have a stronger influence? A．They are too bad. B．They are less expected. C．They better show true character. D．They are more acceptable to people. 3．Which behaviors are given more weight in judgment? A．Behaviors that are typically bad. B．Behaviors that everyone performs. C．Behaviors that are socially approved. D．Behaviors that make good impressions. 4．What explains the persistence of first impressions? A．Immoral acts are paid more attention to. B．Common acts have a stronger impact on us. C．First impressions are never changed by facts. D．Good acts always change our first impressions. Passage 5 People might not realize that one basic life necessity has slipped from their control: meals. With the rise of online platforms, people enjoy the freedom to get anything quickly and at a reasonable price. However, food writer Chen Yuhui argues in her book Who Decides What to Eat that this convenience has robbed people of their autonomy over food, reflecting a greater loss of community life in a result-driven society that prioritizes efficiency. “Many people don’t realize how often their dining choices are made for them,” Chen says. For instance, a boss’s request for overtime changes their dinner plans; or a restaurant discount offer influences where they eat. These, she explains, are passive choices. Chen cites another common complaint: tomatoes that taste plain compared to childhood memories. This reveals a deeper loss — commercially dominant, hard-skinned varieties are “more fitting for long-distance transportation,” sacrificing flavor and the community life once built around fresh markets. Chen also worries about the decline of people’s ability to choose food wisely. Young people buy ingredients online without market experience and may think plain food is just how it’s supposed to be. Chen further notes that online food images are “zombie-like” — they show lifeless food, unlike the fresh produce in markets, and this limits people’s imagination about food. However, when she shares tips on selecting fresh produce in markets, she often gets requests for shopping links instead. Chen connects these attitudes to a broader mindset: “Buying groceries and cooking involve a certain level of acceptance of mistakes. Yet many today seem to have little patience with them.” The focus on results makes delivery appealing, as people believe it guarantees a better outcome. Beyond the loss of autonomy, Chen sees something deeper in food — it’s a microcosm for understanding the world. “If you love tomatoes but find them plain, do you complain or invest effort to find flavorful ones? Searching for the right variety shows different problem-solving abilities, which is what I mean by food being the smallest unit for understanding the world,” she concludes. 1．What does the first paragraph mainly introduce? A．Advances in food technology. B．The hidden cost of food convenience. C．Changing habits of dining out. D．The popularity of online food shopping. 2．What does Chen mean by describing online food images as “zombie-like”? A．They look too perfect to be real. B．They discourage interest in cooking. C．They push people to order takeout. D．They fail to show real and lively food. 3．What does people’s preference for delivery reveal? A．Their desire to avoid uncertainty. B．Their over-reliance on technology. C．Their view of cooking as a burden. D．Their separation from food sources. 4．What message does the text want to convey? A．Returning to markets can restore food autonomy. B．The loss of food flavor is unavoidable nowadays. C．Online platforms have changed people’s lifestyle. D．Our relationship with food mirrors our world view. Passage 6 This summer, my fellow musicians and I listened to the slow movement of Beethoven’s String Quartet. From the first notes of this profound music, I was in tears. What I had experienced was complete immersion (沉浸) in music. Most of life’s great moments are like this. We give our full attention to one thing and wonder at its beauty. Past disappointments and future worries disappear. But in today’s world, such moments are increasingly hard to come by. Our digital existence aims to distract our attention, flooding us with more information in less time than the human mind was designed to absorb. Music provides a unique escape from this constant flood of information. A great performance of music both takes us out of our heads and puts us in touch with our deepest selves. That’s the magic of music. That phrase — “the magic of music” — is used frequently by the marketing teams of musical organizations. But often, their efforts to support that music reflect different priorities. Some teams have encouraged audiences to live-tweet performances. If you watch a concert on a live stream, you are often invited to chat with other viewers. Engagement first; listening second. Meanwhile, multidisciplinary and multimedia projects are increasingly in fashion. The message from programmers is clear: Audiences supposedly don’t want to be immersed in the music. They are the customers, and the customer is always right. This is not a black-and-white issue. An art form should evolve, and some mixed-media projects are excellent. But if we lose our capacity to focus deeply on music, we lose one of the greatest gifts we are granted as human beings. When promotion focuses only on supply and demand, it creates a vicious cycle: The less we are able to pay attention, the less we are asked to pay attention, which only degrades our attention further. While marketing teams talk about magic, classical music organizations try hard to present themselves as relevant. This is understandable. No one wants to be irrelevant. Yet true relevance isn’t just keeping up with the times by driving us deeper into our devices. It comes from embracing music’s power to immerse us in a world of possibility and wonder. 1．What does the underlined phrase “such moments” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Listening to Beethoven’s music. B．Being totally lost in one thing. C．Crying over profound music. D．Being flooded with information. 2．What do some musical marketing teams emphasize? A．Music’s power. B．Live performances. C．Customers’ rights. D．Audience interaction. 3．What does the author imply in paragraph 4? A．Art forms are undergoing diverse changes. B．Customers’ demands should be a top priority. C．Poor marketing strategies worsen people’s concentration. D．Human beings are losing their ability to appreciate music. 4．What does the author mainly want to tell us? A．Digital devices disturb full concentration. B．The magic of music deserves our full attention. C．Music organizations advocate digital promotion. D．Mixed-media projects ruin listening experiences. Passage 7 When was the last time you raced against an unforgiving clock? Perhaps you skipped breakfast, shelled out for a taxi or missed time with your family. Many of us have become slaves to time, with huge portions of our day spent chasing appointments and deadlines. But what is this thing we’re trying to beat? We tend to imagine time as constant and non-negotiable, ticking by somewhere out in the world, impossible to slow or stop. Yet an emerging scientific picture is that such “clock time” isn’t a physical phenomenon. It’s a mathematical tool useful for coordinating our interactions, but with no independent existence of its own. As with other key innovations, such as money, we can no longer get by without it. But disproving the myth of the clock can help us to focus on how life really progresses. Psychologists have identified the rise of “time famine”, where the more efficient and productive we try to be, the more precisely we measure time, and the more we try to pack into our busy schedules, the less time we actually feel we have. This has a big impact on quality of life: people experiencing time famine are less likely to do things they enjoy, or help each other. Time is puzzling in other ways, too. We have no sensory organs for detecting it, nor any dedicated brain areas for tracking it. Our experience of time can vary hugely: minutes drag if we’re bored; hours race if we’re excited. And in certain circumstances, our sense of time can even go in circles, break apart or stop altogether. Take Lara, who suffers from a condition called motion blindness. When she pours tea, the liquid appears as a frozen column in the air, before suddenly overflowing the cup. Rather than being mere mistakes, these effects reflect something deeper: the role we all play in creating our own time. Because even scientists don’t find any moving river of time: most believe there’s no physical flow of events beyond our perception, no moment of “happening” or “becoming” in which the future slips into the past. Time, then, is less a universal truth than a feature of how we interact with the world. What we’re left with, when we release ourselves from the cosmic clock, is “lived time”: our personal, flexible experience of change. This gives us a different way of thinking about how our lives progress, probably releasing us from the constant beat of the clock. Lived time is different from clock time because it isn’t defined by a numerical counter chopping moments into seconds. It’s a creative process that’s vital not just for our sense of time but of who we are. To tackle time famine, remind yourself that the clock is a tool, not a master. In contrast to clock time, lived time expands and grows richer the more we focus on being present. Instead of something we chase and never catch, it’s a flow that connects us with each other. 1．Which situation best illustrates “time famine”? A．A busy mother has no time to help her neighbors. B．An artist spends hours painting without noticing time. C．A manager who plans every minute always feels behind. D．A professional with a packed schedule feels productive. 2．What does the author mainly do in Paragraph 4? A．Challenge a theory. B．Reshape a perspective. C．Present an assumption. D．Analyze a phenomenon. 3．What can be inferred about “lived time” from the passage? A．It unfolds through experience not calculation. B．It replaces clock time in our daily schedules. C．More time measurement enriches lived time. D．It is too flexible to be planned or structured. 4．What does the author intend to tell us about time? A．How fast time flows depends on emotion. B．Time is a universal truth independent of us. C．Time demands engagement over obedience. D．Working more efficiently solves time famine. Passage 8 In modern society, people are increasingly influenced by the idea of “instant success”. Social media platforms are flooded with stories of people achieving fame or wealth in a short time, which makes many individuals lose patience. Students rush to finish tasks without thorough thinking, professionals chase quick promotions without solid preparation, and ordinary people seek shortcuts to happiness. This impetuous attitude, however, often makes them ignore the essence of growth and leads to repeated failures. In fact, real success and genuine improvement never come overnight. They are built on long-term accumulation and consistent efforts. Just like growing a tall tree, you need to water it regularly, take good care of it, and wait for its slow growth. For students, memorizing vocabulary words every day, practicing grammar rules repeatedly, and refining writing skills gradually are the only way to lay a solid foundation for academic success. Slow progress does not mean laziness or giving up. On the contrary, it shows a rational attitude towards life and a clear understanding of one’s own abilities. People who insist on steady progress focus more on the process of self-improvement than on immediate results. They are willing to correct mistakes bravely, adjust their learning methods constantly, and never rush for unrealistic goals that are beyond their current capacity. Modern society may praise speed and efficiency, but it is steady progress that truly guarantees long-term success. Those who can resist the temptation of quick success, keep a calm mind, and persist in their efforts will eventually stand out. They are not distracted by temporary setbacks or the fast-paced lifestyle around them. Instead, they move forward steadily and firmly according to their own pace. As the famous saying goes, “Slow and steady wins the race.” In the journey of pursuing our dreams, we should never underestimate the power of small steps. Only by making consistent, meaningful progress every day can we achieve lasting success and embrace a brighter future. 1．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Secret of Instant Success B．The Influence of Social Media C．Ways to Improve Learning Speed D．The Value of Slow and Steady Progress 2．Why do many people feel frustrated according to the passage? A．They lack long-term goals. B．They focus too much on slow progress. C．They have no clear direction in life. D．They are eager for quick results but fail. 3．What can be inferred about people who pursue instant success? A．They usually have a clear knowledge of their real abilities. B．They are more likely to be disturbed by short-term failures. C．They pay more attention to the process than the final results. D．They seldom make mistakes when completing different tasks. 4．What message does the author mainly want to convey to modern young people? A．Give up unrealistic dreams and live a simple life. B．Follow the fast-paced lifestyle to keep up with society. C．Stay patient and keep making small but steady efforts. D．Ignore temporary setbacks and only care about long-term success. Passage 9 For many of us, focusing too much on how much sleep we get is a favorite pastime. Largely that’s thanks to the emergence of the sleep industry, offering everything from wearable trackers to assess sleep quality to medicines that help us sleep better — but are we looking at this all wrong? The following saying has long been regarded as a golden rule: we try hard to get eight-hour uninterrupted sleep, or we could be on the highway to physical and mental diseases. The acceptance of such belief can become detrimental. It leads to unnecessary worries and even brings more pressure to us. Indeed, it seems that some of us develop “insomnia (失眠) identities” when we aren’t, in fact, insomniacs-at least a third of those who self-assign the label actually sleep well. The latest research suggests that our mindset around how much sleep we’re getting is crucial in cognitive tests, it’s a subject’s belief about how well they’ve slept, not the objective truth, that predicts how well they perform. The eight-hour sleep standard, too, is shakier than you might think. Evidence for the much-reported harm of having less sleep than that is lacking provided you’re getting over six hours. Sleeping for seven hours is linked with living longer, but extra hours don’t help gain extra benefits. Underlying all of this is the reality that becoming stressed about sleep is contrary to getting it Changing the current situation is possible. The sleep industry, for one, could refocus itself on helping some people — like those who mistakenly believe they’re insomniacs — understand that they’re getting more and better sleep than they realize, with wearable devices sharing this information. The sleep goals put forward by health bodies and medical professionals could become more realistic, and it could be made clear that short-term sleep shortage is something we’re able to deal with. On an individual level, we can take heart knowing that the often-impossible ideals enforced are less concrete than we might believe. Our over-worrying about sleep might have become a favorite pastime but perhaps it’s time for a new hobby. 1．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Puzzling B．Typical C．Harmful D．Unavoidable 2．What determines the subjects’ cognitive performance according to the research? A．Their sleep quality B．Their length of rest time. C．Their physical state D．Their perception of sleep 3．What is one of the author’s suggestions to change the current situation? A．Easing sleep anxiety B．Advancing sleep-tracking devices C．Extending sleep time D．Making long-term sleep strategies. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To predict health trends B．To present various viewpoints C．To introduce a practical theory D．To contradict a common belief. Passage 10 It seems like every day there’s another study pointing to how this or that modern technology is destroying our ability to focus. But what if the problem is that we are expected to focus too much? By not giving our brains enough downtime, maybe we are actually making the problems worse. Ever since I was a little kid, I have felt guilty about daydreaming. While I was never directly discouraged from dreaming as a kid, as I’ve gotten older, the notes I’ve gotten from our culture certainly have told me I was wasting my time whenever my head was in the clouds. Yet, it never felt right to shut down that daydreaming. For one, it was too fun. How amazing is it that as humans, we get to go anywhere, do anything, be a different version of ourselves — all safely within our heads? But don’t just take my word for it: In the July, 2012 issue of Perspectives on Psychological Science, psychological scientist Mary Helen Immordino-Yang and her colleagues gathered a number of studies and explored them for details about the brain at rest, with some of the results summarized in Science Daily. “Findings suggest that individual differences in brain activity during rest are correlated with components of socio-emotional functioning, such as self-awareness and moral judgment, as well as different aspects of learning and memory.” So just like sleeping allows our brains to reorganize and finally work more efficiently, daydreaming may help our mental health, day-to-day. And brain “time-outs” may also help kids learn better. “We focus on the outside world in education and don’t look much at inside focused skills and attentions but inside focus impacts the way we build memories, make meaning and move that learning into new contexts,” says Immordino-Yang. For kids who have been taught some version of inner focus, the studies that Immordino-Yang looked at indicated that they are less likely to suffer from high levels of anxiety, perform better on tests, and do a better job of planning for the future. Next time you see a kid (or adult) staring off into space, remember that they might actually be getting important work done. 1．What does the underlined words “the problems” refer to in the first paragraph? A．the problems with focus B．the problems with the brain health C．the problems with daydreaming D．the problems with modern technology 2．Which of the following does NOT belong to the benefits of daydreaming? A．Daydreaming makes life more fascinating. B．Daydreaming is good for kids’ mental health. C．Daydreaming enables adults to have more job opportunities. D．Daydreaming helps children improve academic performance. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Mary’s conclusion was based on other researchers’ studies. B．The more people sleep, the more efficiently they will work. C．The students taught inner focus will not suffer from anxiety. D．Focusing on the outside world helps us build good memories. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards daydreaming as an adult? A．negative B．critical C．uncertain D．favorable Passage 11 China is experiencing a surge in generative artificial intelligence usage, with millions embracing the technology and its applications expanding across various fields, according to a report by the China Internet Network Information Center. As of December last year, 249 million people in the country had used AI-generated products, and 302 AI-powered services were registered with the Cyberspace Administration of China, the nation’s top Internet regulator. Of the users, 65.4 percent were between age 20 and 39, and 47 percent held associate degrees or higher, indicating AI products are more widely used among middle-aged and highly educated individuals. While many users rely on AI as office assistants, the report also highlighted an increasing trend of generating pictures and videos through AI services. About 78 percent of users asked questions through AI-powered platforms to seek answers or solutions, with others using the technology to integrate information and generate meeting summaries. AI applications have expanded into areas such as literary creation, online marketing, legal consulting, software engineering and healthcare. They are also improving efficiency in traditional manufacturing sectors, the report noted, attributing the progress to policies and guidelines supporting the healthy and sustainable development of AI technologies. Between January and September last year, nine provincial-level administrations released plans or measures to promote AI-related industries, highlighting governmental support for innovation and oversight of its development. “Amid the surge of AI, timely policies and measures encourage major funds, private capital and large enterprises to invest in the technological industry,” said Zhang Xiao, deputy head of the center. “At the same time, they help balance industrial growth with security.” The report said China recorded 504 AI-related investment and financing cases in the first three quarters of last year, involving about 81.2 billion yuan. China now has more than 4,500 AI-related enterprises, covering areas such as computer chips, algorithms and Internet platforms, Zhang said. She praised the technology’s role in industrial integration, noting its contributions to increasing agricultural output and reducing manufacturing costs by improving production tools and improving services. 1．How does the author support the report that AI is widely used among Chinese people? A．By providing numerical data. B．By quoting a scientific study. C．By giving a specific example. D．By comparing AI applications. 2．What is the author’s attitude toward the role of AI in traditional manufacturing sectors? A．Optimistic. B．Skeptical. C．Neutral. D．Critical. 3．What can be concluded from the provincial-level plans released last year? A．The number of AI-related enterprises is declining nationwide. B．AI technologies are facing strict regulatory restrictions in China. C．Local governments are actively competing to attract AI investments. D．The central government places high value on AI development. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for this passage? A．The Rise of AI Investment: A Recent Trend B．AI Applications: Encouraged in Office and Creative Areas C．AI Users in China: Young and Highly Educated Individuals D．China’s AI Industry: Rapid Expansion with Strong Support Passage 12 In 2023, a survey by the Pew Research Center found that the average American spends over 7 hours a day on digital devices — scrolling social media, checking emails, or browsing news. This “digital overload” has led to a rise in anxiety, poor sleep, and reduced focus. In response, a growing number of people are turning to “digital minimalism” — a lifestyle that emphasizes intentional use of technology, rather than letting it control daily life. Digital minimalism is not about rejecting technology entirely. Instead, it’s about identifying which digital tools truly add value to your life and cutting out the rest. For example, a student might keep a learning app for language practice but delete social media platforms that distract them from studying. A working professional could set rules for email: only checking it twice a day instead of every 10 minutes. The goal is to make technology a tool, not a habit. One key practice of digital minimalism is the “digital detox” — a short period (from a weekend to a month) where people avoid non-essential digital use. During a detox, many people report surprising changes: they start reading physical books again, have longer conversations with family, or rediscover hobbies like painting or hiking. Sarah Miller, a 32-year-old designer who tried a two-week detox last year, said, “I used to feel anxious if I didn’t check my phone for an hour. After the detox, I realized how much time I was wasting on things that didn’t matter.” Another part of digital minimalism is setting clear boundaries. This could mean turning off phone notifications during meals or work hours, or keeping devices out of the bedroom to improve sleep. Studies have shown that exposure to blue light from screens before bed disrupts melatonin production — the hormone that regulates sleep. By keeping phones away at night, digital minimalists often find they fall asleep faster and wake up more refreshed. Of course, digital minimalism is not easy. It requires breaking long-held habits, and social pressure can make it hard to say “no” to group chats or social media invites. But proponents argue that the benefits are worth it: less stress, more time for meaningful activities, and a stronger connection to the real world. As Cal Newport, the author of Digital Minimalism, put it, “The point isn’t to live without technology. It’s to live with technology in a way that serves you, not the other way around.” 1．What is the core idea of digital minimalism according to Paragraph 2? A．Rejecting all digital tools to avoid distraction. B．Reducing digital use to less than 1 hour a day. C．Only keeping digital tools for work or study. D．Using digital technology in a planned and purposeful way. 2．What can we infer from Sarah Miller’s experience with the two-week detox? A．She used to spend most of her time on learning apps. B．The detox helped her realize the waste of time on unimportant digital activities. C．She stopped using her phone completely after the detox. D．The detox made her more anxious about missing messages. 3．Why do digital minimalists keep devices out of the bedroom? A．To prevent blue light from affecting sleep quality. B．To avoid being disturbed by phone calls at night. C．To make more space for physical books and hobbies. D．To focus on conversations with family members. 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To warn readers about the dangers of digital overload. B．To persuade readers to try a digital detox immediately. C．To compare different ways of reducing digital device use. D．To introduce the concept, practices, and benefits of digital minimalism. Passage 13 Are you a short video app user? Chances are that you’re more familiar with 15-second sped-up clips of songs than with the original tracks themselves. This trend has been evident on social media platforms, notably Douyin and TikTok, where creators boost the rhythm by 25-30 percent to match short viral videos featuring dances or other themes. These altered versions have even pushed some musicians to the top of official singles charts (排行榜). As a Radio Anthems host told the BBC, although sped-up versions of songs can help artists go viral, that initial success may not last. This isn’t just about music. Social media users also accelerate podcasts, movies, etc. for quicker consumption. The sped-up mode provides a faster way to achieve the dopamine (多巴胺) rush that social media aims to spark, leading to addiction and influencing our actions. While it seems efficient, speeding up content has significant disadvantages. “So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing, lighting, timing and music, and speeding that all up just ruins it,” a Reddit user commented. Another user also mentioned that if someone consumes content this way, their viewpoint of the movie or the song is not valid (合理的). It seems that people speed up content not because they enjoy movies and songs but rather simply to complete the action of “watching” and “listening”. It’s as if they’re telling the creators: “I don’t have the patience to care about all the detailed design and subtle emotions you put into the work.” All they want is a quick general idea of “what’s going on” and a feeling of “wow, I just consumed another piece of information”. Evidently, this approach weakens creators’ efforts and erodes people’s patience. However, people often fail to realize that this also destroys their patience with life. Beginning with sped-up songs and movies, it gradually creeps into daily life. A Chinese netizen once shared, “I found myself becoming impatient with doing research for my work or preparing for a test,” highlighting how this habit extends to longer-term tasks. We already live in a fast-paced society, yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect. What’s the rush? Some things should not be sped up, like our patience for beauty and hard work. 1．What might be a possible result of sped-up song versions on social media? A．They boost the popularity of original songs. B．They lead musicians to top official singles charts. C．They decrease the consumption of short videos. D．They help musicians maintain long-term success. 2．From Reddit users’ perspectives, what impact does speeding up content have? A．It reduces audience’s appreciation level of art. B．It enhances the dopamine rush for better mood. C．It offers a more effective way to grasp the content. D．It damages media’s works and devalues consumers’ views. 3．What is the primary function of the fourth paragraph? A．To propose a solution to the problem of shortened attention spans. B．To illustrate the underlying intention behind consuming sped-up content. C．To compare different methods of consuming media. D．To highlight the technical process of speeding up videos. 4．Which of the following best summarizes the author's overall attitude towards the trend of speeding up content? A．Negative B．Supportive C．Neutral D．Unclear Passage 14 The convenience of modern life is nothing short of astonishing. As I write this, my phone is wirelessly sending some hits from the 1700s to my portable speaker. The fact that, as a culture, we celebrate such convenience is understandable. That said, most people are able to sense that convenience has a darker side. Before getting into that, we’d better understand why convenience is so seductive first. We often stop doing the things we need to do to make progress. Behind every well-intentioned plan lies this horrible sense of inertia. Why is this resistance — and our corresponding appetite for ease — such an essential part of our nature? Here, insights from evolutionary psychology (particularly the idea of “the evolutionary mismatch”) can help. The evolutionary mismatch is the idea that we evolved for a hunter-gather lifestyle, and that while our circumstances have changed completely, our brains and bodies haven’t. Resistance was a necessary counterbalance (制衡) to the bursts of intense activity that characterized the lives of hunter-gatherers: searching for food in driving rain, or running to escape a dangerous animal. It’s the reason we still ask: “Do I really have to be doing this? Shouldn’t I save my energy?” The people choosing to remain sheltered during snowstorms, when the prospect of obtaining food was low, were more likely to live and pass on their genes to the next generation. Since then, of course, innovation has changed things greatly. We’ve altered technology and our environments partly to serve our natural instinct (本能) to conserve energy. The question is: what do we stand to lose by following our tendency to prioritize comfort and convenience? Continually choosing the convenient path reduces how well we can deal with unavoidable hardships. And, from an evolutionary perspective, some measure of discomfort is as crucial to our survival as rest and relaxation. Our ancestors didn’t survive purely by being lazy, but through a combination of playing it safe and taking necessary risks. This difficulty itself does shape our character. In the technological world we have fashioned, we must sometimes make conscious efforts to act in opposition to our instincts. As a culture, we must remember that while convenience feels good in the moment, our capacity to adapt and overcome challenges is part of our evolutionary inheritance (遗传) too, and central to the adventure of life. 1．What does the underlined word “inertia” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Laziness. B．Stubbornness. C．Inflexibility. D．Pessimism. 2．What does “the evolutionary mismatch” mainly refer to? A．The contrast between modern convenience and ancient challenges. B．The argument over the hunter-gather lifestyle of ancient people. C．The inconsistency between personal goals and societal expectations. D．The conflict between our natural instinct and the current environment. 3．What may prioritizing convenience in modern life result in? A．A decline in physical fitness. B．Over-dependence on technology. C．Weaker ability to tackle difficulty. D．A lack of innovation and progress. 4．What’s the author’s purpose? A．To argue for convenience in modern life. B．To warn against overvaluing convenience. C．To illustrate public opinions on convenience. D．To stress the role of convenience in evolution. Passage 15 Individuals are different in how they react to anxiety. Some bury their heads in the sand and ignore the mounting sense of anxiety that seems to occupy the society. Others are in a watchful state and can’t get enough of the up-to-the-minute news and social media feeds. Martin Buber once stated that we related to three things around us: nature, our fellow men, and how you view the world. When we are in a burdened (忧虑的) state, we tend to take no notice of any of these. When we become unburdened from our depressed selves, we are able to discover the delights and wonders around and experience a deep sense of thankfulness. At a time when news reports are only a click away, people’s anxiety becomes extreme. Because of 24/7 media, the international and the interpersonal have integrated in a way that we have never seen before. It seems that we’ve lost the ability to maintain our inner peace—and that’s not just a matter of having opposing views about issues. It’s a matter of not having the patience to involve in delightful communication and to hear each other. Changing the situation can’t be achieved overnight. It’s not accidental, which must be approached with strength. It comes from the efforts to obtain understanding and calm. Our age of anxiety presents us with challenges. But out of adversity comes opportunity. Never can we maintain calm and experience thankfulness at a time when we are burdened, worried, and anxious. Like anything else, relaxation and calm take a bit of work. Attempt to limit your exposure to updates on the news and take a couple of moments to count your blessings—including the people in your life and the fortune from which you’ve benefited. As you may realize, it is taking things for granted that robs you of the fruits of your labor. Praying for goodness and planting seeds of gratitude may be our only way out. 1．According to paragraph two, What might happen to a relaxed person? A．Keeping up with the latest news items. B．Seeing the beauty in the surroundings. C．Paying no attention to the state of mind. D．Getting on well with nature and fellows. 2．What makes people anxiety-stricken? A．The large amount of information. B．The widespread false news. C．The opposing views online. D．The lack of peaceful talks. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Methods to overcome challenges and difficulties. B．Steps to robbing people of their fruits of labor. C．Tips on limiting exposure to news updates. D．Ways to ease anxiety and value blessings. 4．Which might be a suitable title for the text? A．Count Blessings Instead of Challenges B．Watch Out for the Traps of Media C．Be Thankful in an Age of Anxiety D．Take Nothing Online for Granted 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届最新高考模拟三轮冲刺卷之（浙江专用） 阅读理解15篇（议论文） Passage 1 Young people’s engagement with social media platforms like TikTok and Instagram is shaping how they understand and interact with the natural world, offering opportunities to connect their online experiences with meaningful encounters with nature, a new study reveals. The research, published in People and Nature, found that teenagers often encounter nature through their time online, which influences their perceptions and behaviors when visiting the countryside. These digital baselines provide educators, policymakers and outdoor leaders with a unique starting point for building deeper connections with nature. Dr. Jack Reed, from the University of Exeter, who led the study, said, “Young people are not separating their online and offline worlds the way previous generations might have. Their experiences of nature can begin online, and this influences how they engage with the outdoors in person. Rather than resisting this change, we can adopt it and use it as a tool to inspire stronger connections with the natural world.” The study emphasizes that “screen based nature” content, from outdoor challenges to virtual environments, is shaping how young people come to know nature. Social media platforms offer round-the-clock access to natural imagery and ideas, inspiring trends like nature-inspired art and outdoor adventures. While these digital interactions lack the sensory richness of being outdoors, they present exciting opportunities to introduce young people to real-life experiences in nature. Dr. Reed said, “It’s clear that young people are learning about nature in new and innovative ways. By recognizing and building on this, we can create educational programs that meet them where they are at and inspire real-world exploration. This approach allows us to connect young people’s online inspirations to the practical benefits of being outdoors.” “There’s no value in trying to deny young people’s use of technology — it’s part of their world,” Dr. Reed said. “Instead, we can celebrate and channel their digital experiences to build meaningful, real-world connections to nature.” 1．What does the underlined part “this change” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Young people’s engaging with social media platforms. B．Young people’s beginning exploring the natural world. C．Young people’s separating their online and offline worlds. D．Young people’s integrating their online and offline worlds. 2．Which of the following is mentioned as a positive effect of “screen-based nature” content? A．It motivates real-world interests. B．It provides a sensory-rich experience. C．It avoids dangerous outdoor adventures. D．It reduces the need for experiences in nature. 3．How does Dr. Reed view young people’s use of social media platforms? A．It’s useless. B．It’s necessary. C．It’s fashionable. D．It’s unbelievable. 4．What does Dr. Reed emphasize about educating young people? A．Limiting technology use to prioritize outdoor activities. B．Replacing digital experiences with traditional education. C．Using online experiences to inspire real-world exploration. D．Encouraging young people to get more digital experiences. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】文章主要讨论了社交媒体不是自然教育的敌人，而是连接年轻人与真实自然世界的桥梁。 1．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Young people are not separating their online and offline worlds the way previous generations might have. Their experiences of nature can begin online, and this influences how they engage with the outdoors in person. Rather than resisting this change...( 年轻人不像前几代人那样把网络生活和现实生活割裂开来。他们对自然的认知体验可以从线上开始，而这又会影响他们线下亲身接触户外自然的方式。与其抗拒这种变化……)”可知，我们不必抗拒年轻人融合线上线下生活这种变化，由此可知，this change指代“年轻人融合线上线下生活”。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“While these digital interactions lack the sensory richness of being outdoors, they present exciting opportunities to introduce young people to real-life experiences in nature.(虽然这类线上自然内容缺少户外实景丰富的感官体验，但它为引导年轻人参与现实中的自然体验提供了绝佳机会。)”可知，屏幕类自然内容的积极作用是激发现实自然兴趣。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There’s no value in trying to deny young people’s use of technology — it’s part of their world.(试图否定年轻人使用科技是毫无意义的——科技本就是他们生活的一部分。)”可知，Reed博士认为年轻人使用社交媒体是生活常态、有其必要性。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段“By recognizing and building on this, we can create educational programs that meet them where they are at and inspire real-world exploration. This approach allows us to connect young people’s online inspirations to the practical benefits of being outdoors.(通过认可并依托这一点，我们可以打造贴合年轻人现状的教育项目，激发他们走进现实、探索自然。这种方式能把年轻人从线上获得的兴趣启发，和置身户外带来的实际益处结合起来。)”可知，Reed博士强调要借线上经历启发现实现实世界探索。 Passage 2 Two years ago, I was stressed, anxious and trapped in a rapidly changing world, struggling to keep pace and find true fulfillment. Desperate for answers, I turned to Tao Te Ching, an ancient Chinese philosophical classic of 81 short poems written over 2,600 years ago. A profound line deeply resonated with me: “The supreme goodness is like water. It benefits all things without contention.” From water’s philosophy in this line, I learned three vital lessons that have helped me find greater fulfillment in all I do. The first lesson is humility. Water flows low in rivers, silently nurturing all plants and sustaining every living creature, never seeking attention, rewards or recognition for its gifts, yet life would not exist without its humble contribution. This taught me to bravely admit “I don’t know”, embrace a desire to learn more and ask for others’ help, rather than pretending to have all the answers or be in full control. The second is harmony. When meeting a rock in its path, water simply flows around it — no anger, no agitation, no forceful confrontation, overcoming obstacles gently and finding solutions without conflict. I then realized my stress stemmed from working against, not in harmony with, my environment. I forced changes to prove my worth, only to end up frustrated with nothing to show for it. The third is openness. Water is infinitely adaptable: it changes into liquid, solid or gas with temperature shifts and takes the shape of any container it is in. Its flexibility lets it endure endless environmental changes. In our fast-changing world, we can no longer rely on fixed job descriptions or a single career path, but must constantly reinvent and refresh our skills to stay relevant. Now, whenever I feel stressed, unfulfilled, anxious or uncertain, I just ask myself one simple question: What would water do? Give it a try, and I’d love to hear how it works for you. 1．Why did the author turn to Tao Te Ching two years ago? A．To seek solutions to inner anxiety and confusion. B．To explore the philosophical significance of water. C．To research the philosophical origin of water culture. D．To read a resonating line for the author’s spiritual pursuit. 2．What can we learn about the lesson of humility from the text? A．One should ask for help only when he claims “I don’t know”. B．Humility means one has to ignore others’ recognition completely. C．Water’s humility is reflected in its nourishing living things silently. D．The assumption of being all-knowing goes against the real humility. 3．What was the root cause of the author’s initial stress? A．His refusal to make any changes in life. B．His resistance to adapting to his environment. C．His lack of effective problem-solving methods. D．His inability to show off his worth through effort. 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．Introducing the historical background of Tao Te Ching. B．Explaining why water is essential to all living creatures. C．Sharing a philosophy that helps him overcome life challenges. D．Criticizing people who refuse to adapt to environmental changes. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】文章从《道德经》“上善若水” 的智慧中汲取谦卑、和谐、开放的人生启示，应对生活压力，实现自我成长与内心充盈。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Two years ago, I was stressed, anxious and trapped in a rapidly changing world, struggling to keep pace and find true fulfillment. Desperate for answers, I turned to Tao Te Ching, an ancient Chinese philosophical classic of 81 short poems written over 2,600 years ago.(两年前，我压力重重、焦虑不安，被困在一个飞速变化的世界里，努力跟上节奏却难以找到真正的满足感。我急切地寻求答案，于是翻开了《道德经》，这是一部由81首短诗组成的中国古代哲学经典，成书于2600多年前)”可知，两年前作者转向《道德经》是为了寻求内心焦虑与困惑的解决之道。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“This taught me to bravely admit “I don’t know”, embrace a desire to learn more and ask for others’ help, rather than pretending to have all the answers or be in full control.(这让我明白，要勇敢地承认“我不知道”，要怀有不断学习的渴望，并寻求他人的帮助，而不是假装自己无所不知或者完全掌控一切)”可知，自以为无所不知与真正的谦逊背道而驰。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“I then realized my stress stemmed from working against, not in harmony with, my environment.(随后我意识到，我的压力源于我与周围环境的冲突，而非与之和谐共处)”可知，作者最初压力的根本原因是他抗拒适应环境。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, whenever I feel stressed, unfulfilled, anxious or uncertain, I just ask myself one simple question: What would water do? Give it a try, and I’d love to hear how it works for you.(现在，每当我感到压力重重、壮志未酬、焦虑不安或无所适从时，我就会问自己一个简单的问题：水会怎么做？不妨试试看，我很想听听它对你产生了怎样的效果)”以及文章从《道德经》“上善若水” 的智慧中汲取谦卑、和谐、开放的人生启示，应对生活压力，实现自我成长与内心充盈，可知作者写这篇文章的主要目的是分享一种帮助他克服生活挑战的人生哲学。 Passage 3 For years, experts have cautioned that excessive screen time wears away cognitive depth and sustained focus. Now, a cultural fightback is underway. Phrases like “digital burnout” and “attention recession (注意力衰退)” have entered mainstream discourse. According to a Deloitte survey, nearly 25% of respondents deleted at least one social media app in the past year — a figure that rises to one-third among Generation Z, who cite mental health strain and the performative pressure of constant connectivity. This raises a pressing question: if users are increasingly aware of the psychological costs of infinite scrolling, why do brands push harder to capture attention? The uncomfortable truth lies in advertising’s economic function. While advertising did not create the modern economy, it fuels its growth. Each paid impression sustains a system that regulators, parents and policymakers are now questioning. Thus, what began as a debate about technology has unavoidably become a conversation about marketing issues. Yet the previous data shows this strategy is backfiring. Kantar’s Media Reactions study reveals a sharp decline in people saying social media ads capture their attention. In other words, brands are paying more for less effective engagement. Under such circumstances, some forward-thinking brands are choosing another way. Heineken, a Dutch beer brand, for instance, launched a “Boring Phone” campaign to encourage presence over scrolling. Similarly, Bottega Veneta, an Italian luxury fashion brand, made headlines by deactivating its social media accounts, redirecting focus toward craftsmanship, physical exhibitions, and cultural dialogue. These aren’t anti-digital moves. They’re signals of a shift: from maximising attention to respecting it. So where does this leave us? Young people say the always-on model is breaking them. Parents and regulators are desperate for solutions. The central question is no longer whether the attention economy carries consequences, but whether the market will lead a voluntary transformation or await imposed (强制的) force. 1．What is mainly discussed in the first paragraph? A．Public reaction to excessive screen time. B．The mental harm caused by social media. C．Professional warnings against screen overuse. D．The pressure on digital apps to improve service. 2．Why do brands persist in aggressive digital engagement? A．Regulators demand more online content. B．Policymakers desire efficient user response. C．Users’ resistance is considered insignificant. D．Brands regard users’ attention as profitable. 3．How did some forward-thinking brands address the challenge? A．By prioritizing care for users’ attention. B．By refusing to update any digital output. C．By expanding their social media presence. D．By launching digital advertising campaigns. 4．What does the author expect for the future of the attention economy? A．The attention-based industry will soon collapse. B．The transformation will take place in any case. C．Brands will further maximize attention capture. D．Regulatory measures will ultimately force changes. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要讨论的是过度屏幕使用时间引发的公众反弹，以及品牌如何在注意力经济中从“最大化注意力”转向“尊重注意力”的转变趋势。   1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“For years, experts have cautioned that excessive screen time wears away cognitive depth and sustained focus. Now, a cultural fightback is underway. (多年来，专家一直警告过度屏幕时间会削弱认知深度和持续专注力。如今，一场文化反击正在进行。)”以及“According to a Deloitte survey, nearly 25% of respondents deleted at least one social media app in the past year — a figure that rises to one-third among Generation Z, who cite mental health strain and the performative pressure of constant connectivity. (根据德勤一项调查显示，近25%的受访者在过去一年里卸载了至少一款社交媒体应用，在Z世代中这一比例升至三分之一，他们表示原因是心理健康压力和时刻在线的表演型压力。)”可知，第一段主要讨论的是公众对过度屏幕时间的反应。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“While advertising did not create the modern economy, it fuels its growth. Each paid impression sustains a system that regulators, parents and policymakers are now questioning. (令人不安的真相在于广告的经济功能。虽然广告没有创造现代经济，但它推动了经济增长。每一次付费展示都维持着一个如今受到监管者、家长和政策制定者质疑的系统。)”可知，品牌之所以坚持激进的数字互动，是因为它们将用户的注意力视为有利可图的商品。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“These aren’t anti-digital moves. They’re signals of a shift: from maximising attention to respecting it. (这些并非反数字化的举动。它们标志着一种转变：从最大化注意力到尊重注意力。)”可知，一些前瞻性品牌通过优先考虑对用户注意力的关怀来应对挑战。   4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The central question is no longer whether the attention economy carries consequences, but whether the market will lead a voluntary transformation or await imposed (强制的) force. (核心问题不再是注意力经济是否带来后果，而是市场是否会引领一场自愿的变革，还是等待强制力量的到来。)”可知，作者认为无论市场自愿变革还是等待强制力量，转变终究会发生。 Passage 4 Imagine you’re at a football game when an annoying guy sits next to you. He talks loudly, spills (洒出) his drink on you and makes fun of your team. Days later, you’re walking in the park when it suddenly starts to pour with rain. Who should appear beside you to offer an umbrella? What if it is the same guy from the football game? Will you change your opinion of him because of this second meeting, or stick to your first impression and refuse to accept him? Research in social psychology shows that we quickly form long-lasting views of others based on their behaviors. We can even conclude stable personal qualities from a single action, such as a rude remark or an awkward move. Guided by these impressions, we can often predict how people will act in the future. Knowing the guy from the game was unfriendly at first, you might expect similar bad behavior from him later on. That said, new information can change our views. Usually, learning about someone’s immoral acts has a stronger influence than hearing about their good deeds. This is because bad behaviors better show a person’s true character. But this bias has a condition: the brain weighs how typical the behavior is. Common kindness is expected; rare rudeness is revealing. Thus, the first impression persists (保持) not because we ignore the good, but because the good is statistically uninformative. When updating impressions, our brains work with a network of regions related to social thinking, attention and control. They judge if a behavior is normal or unusual. Interestingly, trusting first impressions can itself be a reasonable, calculated choice. In the case of the football fan, lending an umbrella is ordinary, but his bad behavior at the game is not. So you may still trust your first impression. A key lesson here is that we often care more about others’ immoral acts than their moral ones. 1．What do we know about social psychology research? A．We predict others’ acts randomly. B．Good acts leave good impressions. C．First impressions are easily updated. D．A single act helps form views of others. 2．Why do immoral acts have a stronger influence? A．They are too bad. B．They are less expected. C．They better show true character. D．They are more acceptable to people. 3．Which behaviors are given more weight in judgment? A．Behaviors that are typically bad. B．Behaviors that everyone performs. C．Behaviors that are socially approved. D．Behaviors that make good impressions. 4．What explains the persistence of first impressions? A．Immoral acts are paid more attention to. B．Common acts have a stronger impact on us. C．First impressions are never changed by facts. D．Good acts always change our first impressions. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文以球赛遇到讨厌男子、雨天偶遇对方递伞的场景引入，结合社会心理学研究指出：人们会仅凭单次行为快速形成持久的第一印象并预判他人后续行为；负面不道德行为比善举对人的印象影响更大并解释原因。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Research in social psychology shows that we quickly form long-lasting views of others based on their behaviors. We can even conclude stable personal qualities from a single action, such as a rude remark or an awkward move.(社会心理学研究表明，我们会依据他人的行为迅速形成对其长久的看法。我们甚至能从一个单一行为，比如一句无礼的话语、一个尴尬的举动，推断出一个人稳定的个人品性)”可知，我们可以从社会心理学的研究中知道单次行为有助于形成对他人的看法。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Usually, learning about someone’s immoral acts has a stronger influence than hearing about their good deeds. This is because bad behaviors better show a person’s true character.(通常来说，了解到某人的不道德行为，比听闻其善举对我们的影响更大。这是因为不良行为更能展现一个人的真实性格)”可知，不道德行为对我们的影响更大是因为它们更能展现真实品性。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“But this bias has a condition: the brain weighs how typical the behavior is. Common kindness is expected; rare rudeness is revealing.(但这种认知偏见存在一个前提：大脑会衡量这种行为是否具有典型性。普通的善意是人们意料之中的，而少见的无礼行为更能暴露本性)”可知，典型、反常的恶劣行为更有参考价值，在评判他人时更被看重。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Thus, the first impression persists (保持) not because we ignore the good, but because the good is statistically uninformative.(因此，第一印象之所以根深蒂固，并不是因为我们无视他人的善意，而是从概率角度来看，普通的善意不具备参考价值)”和最后一段“A key lesson here is that we often care more about others’ immoral acts than their moral ones.(这件事给我们的重要启示是：相比于他人的道德善行，我们往往更在意其不道德的行为)”可知，第一印象难以改变，核心原因是我们更关注他人的不道德行为，而忽略普通善举。 Passage 5 People might not realize that one basic life necessity has slipped from their control: meals. With the rise of online platforms, people enjoy the freedom to get anything quickly and at a reasonable price. However, food writer Chen Yuhui argues in her book Who Decides What to Eat that this convenience has robbed people of their autonomy over food, reflecting a greater loss of community life in a result-driven society that prioritizes efficiency. “Many people don’t realize how often their dining choices are made for them,” Chen says. For instance, a boss’s request for overtime changes their dinner plans; or a restaurant discount offer influences where they eat. These, she explains, are passive choices. Chen cites another common complaint: tomatoes that taste plain compared to childhood memories. This reveals a deeper loss — commercially dominant, hard-skinned varieties are “more fitting for long-distance transportation,” sacrificing flavor and the community life once built around fresh markets. Chen also worries about the decline of people’s ability to choose food wisely. Young people buy ingredients online without market experience and may think plain food is just how it’s supposed to be. Chen further notes that online food images are “zombie-like” — they show lifeless food, unlike the fresh produce in markets, and this limits people’s imagination about food. However, when she shares tips on selecting fresh produce in markets, she often gets requests for shopping links instead. Chen connects these attitudes to a broader mindset: “Buying groceries and cooking involve a certain level of acceptance of mistakes. Yet many today seem to have little patience with them.” The focus on results makes delivery appealing, as people believe it guarantees a better outcome. Beyond the loss of autonomy, Chen sees something deeper in food — it’s a microcosm for understanding the world. “If you love tomatoes but find them plain, do you complain or invest effort to find flavorful ones? Searching for the right variety shows different problem-solving abilities, which is what I mean by food being the smallest unit for understanding the world,” she concludes. 1．What does the first paragraph mainly introduce? A．Advances in food technology. B．The hidden cost of food convenience. C．Changing habits of dining out. D．The popularity of online food shopping. 2．What does Chen mean by describing online food images as “zombie-like”? A．They look too perfect to be real. B．They discourage interest in cooking. C．They push people to order takeout. D．They fail to show real and lively food. 3．What does people’s preference for delivery reveal? A．Their desire to avoid uncertainty. B．Their over-reliance on technology. C．Their view of cooking as a burden. D．Their separation from food sources. 4．What message does the text want to convey? A．Returning to markets can restore food autonomy. B．The loss of food flavor is unavoidable nowadays. C．Online platforms have changed people’s lifestyle. D．Our relationship with food mirrors our world view. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】文章主要讲的是食物作家陈玉慧认为在线订餐便利剥夺了人们的饮食自主权，并反映出效率优先的社会中社区生活的丧失，食物是理解世界的最小单位。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“People might not realize that one basic life necessity has slipped from their control: meals. With the rise of online platforms, people enjoy the freedom to get anything quickly and at a reasonable price. However, food writer Chen Yuhui argues in her book Who Decides What to Eat that this convenience has robbed people of their autonomy over food, reflecting a greater loss of community life in a result-driven society that prioritizes efficiency. (人们或许并未意识到，生活中的一项基本必需品已经脱离了他们的掌控：那就是食物。随着网络平台的兴起，人们能够以合理的价格迅速获得任何所需物品。然而，美食作家陈玉慧在其著作《谁来决定吃什么》中指出，这种便利性剥夺了人们对食物的自主选择权，反映出在一个注重效率、结果导向的社会中，社区生活出现了更大的缺失。)”可知，本段先指出人们未察觉饮食自主权丧失，随后引用陈玉慧观点，指出外卖平台便利背后隐藏的代价——剥夺了人们的自主权，反映社会注重效率而牺牲社区生活。选项B“食物便利的隐性代价”准确概括此意。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“they show lifeless food, unlike the fresh produce in markets, and this limits people’s imagination about food. (它们展示的是毫无生机的食物，不像市场上的新鲜农产品那样有活力，这限制了人们对食物的想象。)”可知，这些图片展示的是没有生气的食物，与市场上鲜活的农产品形成对比。D项“它们未能展现真实而鲜活的食物”与此一致。 3．推理判断题。文中倒数第二段“Buying groceries and cooking involve a certain level of acceptance of mistakes. Yet many today seem to have little patience with them. (购买食品和烹饪涉及一定程度的对错误的接受。然而，如今很多人似乎对这些不太有耐心。)”可知，买菜做饭需接受一定犯错可能性，但人们缺乏耐心，注重结果导向使得外卖更受欢迎，因其看似保证更好结果。这反映出人们渴望避免不确定性。A项“他们避免不确定性的愿望”符合文意。 4．推理判断题。文章最后一段“Beyond the loss of autonomy, Chen sees something deeper in food — it’s a microcosm for understanding the world. “If you love tomatoes but find them plain, do you complain or invest effort to find flavorful ones? Searching for the right variety shows different problem-solving abilities, which is what I mean by food being the smallest unit for understanding the world,” she concludes. (除了失去自主权之外，陈还从食物中看到了更深层次的东西——它是一个理解世界的缩影。“如果你喜欢西红柿但觉得它们味道平淡，你会抱怨还是会努力去寻找味道更好的品种呢？寻找合适的品种体现了不同的解决问题的能力，这就是我所说的食物是理解世界最小的单位的原因。”她总结道。)”可知，食物是理解世界的微小单位，人与食物的关系反映了世界观。D项“我们与食物的关系映射我们的世界观”准确传达此信息。 Passage 6 This summer, my fellow musicians and I listened to the slow movement of Beethoven’s String Quartet. From the first notes of this profound music, I was in tears. What I had experienced was complete immersion (沉浸) in music. Most of life’s great moments are like this. We give our full attention to one thing and wonder at its beauty. Past disappointments and future worries disappear. But in today’s world, such moments are increasingly hard to come by. Our digital existence aims to distract our attention, flooding us with more information in less time than the human mind was designed to absorb. Music provides a unique escape from this constant flood of information. A great performance of music both takes us out of our heads and puts us in touch with our deepest selves. That’s the magic of music. That phrase — “the magic of music” — is used frequently by the marketing teams of musical organizations. But often, their efforts to support that music reflect different priorities. Some teams have encouraged audiences to live-tweet performances. If you watch a concert on a live stream, you are often invited to chat with other viewers. Engagement first; listening second. Meanwhile, multidisciplinary and multimedia projects are increasingly in fashion. The message from programmers is clear: Audiences supposedly don’t want to be immersed in the music. They are the customers, and the customer is always right. This is not a black-and-white issue. An art form should evolve, and some mixed-media projects are excellent. But if we lose our capacity to focus deeply on music, we lose one of the greatest gifts we are granted as human beings. When promotion focuses only on supply and demand, it creates a vicious cycle: The less we are able to pay attention, the less we are asked to pay attention, which only degrades our attention further. While marketing teams talk about magic, classical music organizations try hard to present themselves as relevant. This is understandable. No one wants to be irrelevant. Yet true relevance isn’t just keeping up with the times by driving us deeper into our devices. It comes from embracing music’s power to immerse us in a world of possibility and wonder. 1．What does the underlined phrase “such moments” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Listening to Beethoven’s music. B．Being totally lost in one thing. C．Crying over profound music. D．Being flooded with information. 2．What do some musical marketing teams emphasize? A．Music’s power. B．Live performances. C．Customers’ rights. D．Audience interaction. 3．What does the author imply in paragraph 4? A．Art forms are undergoing diverse changes. B．Customers’ demands should be a top priority. C．Poor marketing strategies worsen people’s concentration. D．Human beings are losing their ability to appreciate music. 4．What does the author mainly want to tell us? A．Digital devices disturb full concentration. B．The magic of music deserves our full attention. C．Music organizations advocate digital promotion. D．Mixed-media projects ruin listening experiences. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】文章主要介绍了数字时代下，古典音乐营销团队以“参与互动”替代深度聆听，但作者认为音乐真正的魔力在于让人沉浸其中，暂时忘却过去与未来。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Most of life’s great moments are like this. We give our full attention to one thing and wonder at its beauty. Past disappointments and future worries disappear.(大多数人生中的重大时刻都是如此。我们全神贯注于一件事，并惊叹于它的美妙之处。过去的失望和未来的忧虑都会消失)”可知，划线部分指代上文作者陈述的人生美好时刻，全身心投入一件事，忘却过往失望和未来焦虑。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Some teams have encouraged audiences to live-tweet performances. If you watch a concert on a live stream, you are often invited to chat with other viewers. Engagement first; listening second.(有些团队鼓励观众在直播观看演出时进行实时发推文。如果你通过直播观看一场音乐会，通常会被邀请与其他观众交流。互动优先；聆听其次)”可知，他们实际强调的是观众互动参与。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“But if we lose our capacity to focus deeply on music, we lose one of the greatest gifts we are granted as human beings. When promotion focuses only on supply and demand, it creates a vicious cycle: The less we are able to pay attention, the less we are asked to pay attention, which only degrades our attention further(但如果我们失去了对音乐进行深入专注的能力，我们就失去了作为人类所拥有的最伟大的天赋之一。当推广仅仅关注供需关系时，就会形成一个恶性循环：我们越难以集中注意力，就越少被要求去集中注意力，这只会进一步降低我们的注意力水平)”可知，作者认为只迎合需求的营销会形成恶性循环，不断降低人们的专注力。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet true relevance isn’t just keeping up with the times by driving us deeper into our devices. It comes from embracing music’s power to immerse us in a world of possibility and wonder.(然而，真正的相关性不仅仅是通过让我们更深入地沉浸在设备中来跟上时代步伐。它来自于拥抱音乐让我们沉浸在可能性和奇迹的世界中的力量)”并纵观全文可知，作者开篇点出全身心沉浸音乐的美好，随后批判当下音乐行业分散注意力、弱化沉浸式聆听的错误营销，最后点明核心：音乐真正的价值在于它能让人沉浸式感受美好，音乐的魔力值得我们全身心专注。 Passage 7 When was the last time you raced against an unforgiving clock? Perhaps you skipped breakfast, shelled out for a taxi or missed time with your family. Many of us have become slaves to time, with huge portions of our day spent chasing appointments and deadlines. But what is this thing we’re trying to beat? We tend to imagine time as constant and non-negotiable, ticking by somewhere out in the world, impossible to slow or stop. Yet an emerging scientific picture is that such “clock time” isn’t a physical phenomenon. It’s a mathematical tool useful for coordinating our interactions, but with no independent existence of its own. As with other key innovations, such as money, we can no longer get by without it. But disproving the myth of the clock can help us to focus on how life really progresses. Psychologists have identified the rise of “time famine”, where the more efficient and productive we try to be, the more precisely we measure time, and the more we try to pack into our busy schedules, the less time we actually feel we have. This has a big impact on quality of life: people experiencing time famine are less likely to do things they enjoy, or help each other. Time is puzzling in other ways, too. We have no sensory organs for detecting it, nor any dedicated brain areas for tracking it. Our experience of time can vary hugely: minutes drag if we’re bored; hours race if we’re excited. And in certain circumstances, our sense of time can even go in circles, break apart or stop altogether. Take Lara, who suffers from a condition called motion blindness. When she pours tea, the liquid appears as a frozen column in the air, before suddenly overflowing the cup. Rather than being mere mistakes, these effects reflect something deeper: the role we all play in creating our own time. Because even scientists don’t find any moving river of time: most believe there’s no physical flow of events beyond our perception, no moment of “happening” or “becoming” in which the future slips into the past. Time, then, is less a universal truth than a feature of how we interact with the world. What we’re left with, when we release ourselves from the cosmic clock, is “lived time”: our personal, flexible experience of change. This gives us a different way of thinking about how our lives progress, probably releasing us from the constant beat of the clock. Lived time is different from clock time because it isn’t defined by a numerical counter chopping moments into seconds. It’s a creative process that’s vital not just for our sense of time but of who we are. To tackle time famine, remind yourself that the clock is a tool, not a master. In contrast to clock time, lived time expands and grows richer the more we focus on being present. Instead of something we chase and never catch, it’s a flow that connects us with each other. 1．Which situation best illustrates “time famine”? A．A busy mother has no time to help her neighbors. B．An artist spends hours painting without noticing time. C．A manager who plans every minute always feels behind. D．A professional with a packed schedule feels productive. 2．What does the author mainly do in Paragraph 4? A．Challenge a theory. B．Reshape a perspective. C．Present an assumption. D．Analyze a phenomenon. 3．What can be inferred about “lived time” from the passage? A．It unfolds through experience not calculation. B．It replaces clock time in our daily schedules. C．More time measurement enriches lived time. D．It is too flexible to be planned or structured. 4．What does the author intend to tell us about time? A．How fast time flows depends on emotion. B．Time is a universal truth independent of us. C．Time demands engagement over obedience. D．Working more efficiently solves time famine. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要探讨的是时间的本质，区分了“钟表时间”与“生活时间”的概念，并呼吁人们摆脱对钟表时间的盲目服从。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“Psychologists have identified the rise of “time famine”, where the more efficient and productive we try to be, the more precisely we measure time, and the more we try to pack into our busy schedules, the less time we actually feel we have.  (心理学家发现了“时间饥荒”的兴起：我们越是试图高效和富有成效，越是精确地测量时间，越是试图把更多事情塞进繁忙的日程，我们实际感受到的时间就越少。)”可知，一位经理精确规划每一分钟却总是感到落后，最能体现“时间饥荒”——越是精确管理时间，越感到时间不够用。 2．推理判断题。第四段“Time is puzzling in other ways, too. We have no sensory organs for detecting it, nor any dedicated brain areas for tracking it. Our experience of time can vary hugely: minutes drag if we’re bored; hours race if we’re excited. And in certain circumstances, our sense of time can even go in circles, break apart or stop altogether. (时间在其他方面也很令人困惑。我们没有感知时间的感官器官，也没有专门追踪时间的大脑区域。我们对时间的体验可能差异巨大：无聊时分钟拖沓；兴奋时小时飞逝。在某些情况下，我们的时间感甚至会循环、破碎或完全停止。)”以及随后以Lara为例说明运动盲症患者的异常时间感知可知，本段主要分析时间感知这一现象的多种表现，最后作者指出“Rather than being mere mistakes, these effects reflect something deeper: the role we all play in creating our own time.(这些影响不仅仅是错误，而是反映了更深层次的东西：我们在创造自己的时间中所扮演的角色。)”，由此可推出，作者通过举例推翻了大众原本认为“时间客观恒定”的固有看法，重塑了人们对时间本质的认知。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段“Lived time is different from clock time because it isn’t defined by a numerical counter chopping moments into seconds. It’s a creative process that’s vital not just for our sense of time but of who we are. (生活时间与钟表时间不同，因为它不是由将时刻切割成秒的数字计数器定义的。它是一个创造性的过程，不仅对我们的时间感至关重要，对我们是谁也至关重要。)”可知，生活时间是通过体验展开而非计算定义的。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“To tackle time famine, remind yourself that the clock is a tool, not a master. In contrast to clock time, lived time expands and grows richer the more we focus on being present. (要应对时间饥荒，提醒自己钟表是工具，不是主人。与钟表时间相反，生活时间随着我们越专注于当下而越扩展、越丰富。)”可知，作者认为时间需要的是投入和参与，而非盲目服从。 Passage 8 In modern society, people are increasingly influenced by the idea of “instant success”. Social media platforms are flooded with stories of people achieving fame or wealth in a short time, which makes many individuals lose patience. Students rush to finish tasks without thorough thinking, professionals chase quick promotions without solid preparation, and ordinary people seek shortcuts to happiness. This impetuous attitude, however, often makes them ignore the essence of growth and leads to repeated failures. In fact, real success and genuine improvement never come overnight. They are built on long-term accumulation and consistent efforts. Just like growing a tall tree, you need to water it regularly, take good care of it, and wait for its slow growth. For students, memorizing vocabulary words every day, practicing grammar rules repeatedly, and refining writing skills gradually are the only way to lay a solid foundation for academic success. Slow progress does not mean laziness or giving up. On the contrary, it shows a rational attitude towards life and a clear understanding of one’s own abilities. People who insist on steady progress focus more on the process of self-improvement than on immediate results. They are willing to correct mistakes bravely, adjust their learning methods constantly, and never rush for unrealistic goals that are beyond their current capacity. Modern society may praise speed and efficiency, but it is steady progress that truly guarantees long-term success. Those who can resist the temptation of quick success, keep a calm mind, and persist in their efforts will eventually stand out. They are not distracted by temporary setbacks or the fast-paced lifestyle around them. Instead, they move forward steadily and firmly according to their own pace. As the famous saying goes, “Slow and steady wins the race.” In the journey of pursuing our dreams, we should never underestimate the power of small steps. Only by making consistent, meaningful progress every day can we achieve lasting success and embrace a brighter future. 1．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Secret of Instant Success B．The Influence of Social Media C．Ways to Improve Learning Speed D．The Value of Slow and Steady Progress 2．Why do many people feel frustrated according to the passage? A．They lack long-term goals. B．They focus too much on slow progress. C．They have no clear direction in life. D．They are eager for quick results but fail. 3．What can be inferred about people who pursue instant success? A．They usually have a clear knowledge of their real abilities. B．They are more likely to be disturbed by short-term failures. C．They pay more attention to the process than the final results. D．They seldom make mistakes when completing different tasks. 4．What message does the author mainly want to convey to modern young people? A．Give up unrealistic dreams and live a simple life. B．Follow the fast-paced lifestyle to keep up with society. C．Stay patient and keep making small but steady efforts. D．Ignore temporary setbacks and only care about long-term success. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】文章主要批判现代社会急于求成的浮躁心态，论述真正的成功源于长期积累与稳步坚持，倡导保持耐心、踏实前行。 1．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“As the famous saying goes, “Slow and steady wins the race.” In the journey of pursuing our dreams, we should never underestimate the power of small steps. Only by making consistent, meaningful progress every day can we achieve lasting success and embrace a brighter future.(正如名言所说：“稳而慢行，终赢赛程。”在追逐梦想的旅程中，我们绝不能低估微小步伐的力量。只有每天持续做出有意义的稳步努力，才能取得长久成功，迎来更光明的未来。)”可知，文章先指出追捧速成心态的危害，再阐释成功离不开长期积累与持续努力，核心重在诠释从容稳步前行的价值，所以“The Value of Slow and Steady Progress(稳步慢进的价值)”最能概括全文核心，适合作为最佳标题。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This impetuous attitude, however, often makes them ignore the essence of growth and leads to repeated failures.(而这种浮躁心态，往往使人忽视成长本质，进而屡遭失败。)”可知，人们急于求成却屡屡失败，因此倍感挫败。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They are not distracted by temporary setbacks or the fast-paced lifestyle around them.(稳步前行的人不会被暂时挫折和周遭快节奏生活所扰乱。)”可知，反观追求速成的人，更容易被短期挫折干扰动摇。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Only by making consistent, meaningful progress every day can we achieve lasting success and embrace a brighter future.(只有每天持续做出有意义的稳步努力，才能取得长久成功，迎来更光明的未来。)”可知，作者意在告诫当代年轻人要保持耐心，坚持点滴且踏实的付出。 Passage 9 For many of us, focusing too much on how much sleep we get is a favorite pastime. Largely that’s thanks to the emergence of the sleep industry, offering everything from wearable trackers to assess sleep quality to medicines that help us sleep better — but are we looking at this all wrong? The following saying has long been regarded as a golden rule: we try hard to get eight-hour uninterrupted sleep, or we could be on the highway to physical and mental diseases. The acceptance of such belief can become detrimental. It leads to unnecessary worries and even brings more pressure to us. Indeed, it seems that some of us develop “insomnia (失眠) identities” when we aren’t, in fact, insomniacs-at least a third of those who self-assign the label actually sleep well. The latest research suggests that our mindset around how much sleep we’re getting is crucial in cognitive tests, it’s a subject’s belief about how well they’ve slept, not the objective truth, that predicts how well they perform. The eight-hour sleep standard, too, is shakier than you might think. Evidence for the much-reported harm of having less sleep than that is lacking provided you’re getting over six hours. Sleeping for seven hours is linked with living longer, but extra hours don’t help gain extra benefits. Underlying all of this is the reality that becoming stressed about sleep is contrary to getting it Changing the current situation is possible. The sleep industry, for one, could refocus itself on helping some people — like those who mistakenly believe they’re insomniacs — understand that they’re getting more and better sleep than they realize, with wearable devices sharing this information. The sleep goals put forward by health bodies and medical professionals could become more realistic, and it could be made clear that short-term sleep shortage is something we’re able to deal with. On an individual level, we can take heart knowing that the often-impossible ideals enforced are less concrete than we might believe. Our over-worrying about sleep might have become a favorite pastime but perhaps it’s time for a new hobby. 1．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Puzzling B．Typical C．Harmful D．Unavoidable 2．What determines the subjects’ cognitive performance according to the research? A．Their sleep quality B．Their length of rest time. C．Their physical state D．Their perception of sleep 3．What is one of the author’s suggestions to change the current situation? A．Easing sleep anxiety B．Advancing sleep-tracking devices C．Extending sleep time D．Making long-term sleep strategies. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To predict health trends B．To present various viewpoints C．To introduce a practical theory D．To contradict a common belief. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】主要反驳人们必须睡满八小时的传统固有认知，指出过度纠结睡眠时长反而产生焦虑，并给出调整睡眠心态的相关建议。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“The acceptance of such belief can become detrimental. It leads to unnecessary worries and even brings more pressure to us.(接受这种观念可能会变得detrimental。它会引发不必要的担忧，甚至给我们带来更多压力。)”可知，这种固有认知会带来负面、不利的后果，由此可推断，detrimental意为“有害的”，与Harmful含义一致。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The latest research suggests that our mindset around how much sleep we’re getting is crucial in cognitive tests, it’s a subject’s belief about how well they’ve slept, not the objective truth, that predicts how well they perform.(最新研究表明，我们对自身睡眠时长的心态在认知测试中至关重要，决定表现好坏的不是客观睡眠事实，而是个人对自己睡眠状况的主观看法。)”可知，决定受试者认知表现的是自身对睡眠的主观感知。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The sleep industry, for one, could refocus itself on helping some people — like those who mistakenly believe they’re insomniacs — understand that they’re getting more and better sleep than they realize, with wearable devices sharing this information. The sleep goals put forward by health bodies and medical professionals could become more realistic, and it could be made clear that short-term sleep shortage is something we’re able to deal with.(首先，睡眠行业可以重新聚焦帮助部分人群，比如那些误以为自己失眠的人，让他们通过可穿戴设备了解到自己的睡眠比认知中更充足、质量更好。卫生机构和医疗专家提出的睡眠目标可以更贴合实际，同时明确短期睡眠不足是我们能够应对的。)”可知，作者建议调整睡眠行业导向、制定贴合实际的睡眠目标，本质都是为了缓解人们的睡眠焦虑。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“The following saying has long been regarded as a golden rule: we try hard to get eight-hour uninterrupted sleep, or we could be on the highway to physical and mental diseases.(长期以来，每晚必须不间断睡足八小时，否则易患上身心疾病被奉为金科玉律。)”以及后文全程论证该观点并不科学、过度纠结睡眠反而有害可知，文章旨在反驳大众普遍信奉的八小时睡眠固有观念。 Passage 10 It seems like every day there’s another study pointing to how this or that modern technology is destroying our ability to focus. But what if the problem is that we are expected to focus too much? By not giving our brains enough downtime, maybe we are actually making the problems worse. Ever since I was a little kid, I have felt guilty about daydreaming. While I was never directly discouraged from dreaming as a kid, as I’ve gotten older, the notes I’ve gotten from our culture certainly have told me I was wasting my time whenever my head was in the clouds. Yet, it never felt right to shut down that daydreaming. For one, it was too fun. How amazing is it that as humans, we get to go anywhere, do anything, be a different version of ourselves — all safely within our heads? But don’t just take my word for it: In the July, 2012 issue of Perspectives on Psychological Science, psychological scientist Mary Helen Immordino-Yang and her colleagues gathered a number of studies and explored them for details about the brain at rest, with some of the results summarized in Science Daily. “Findings suggest that individual differences in brain activity during rest are correlated with components of socio-emotional functioning, such as self-awareness and moral judgment, as well as different aspects of learning and memory.” So just like sleeping allows our brains to reorganize and finally work more efficiently, daydreaming may help our mental health, day-to-day. And brain “time-outs” may also help kids learn better. “We focus on the outside world in education and don’t look much at inside focused skills and attentions but inside focus impacts the way we build memories, make meaning and move that learning into new contexts,” says Immordino-Yang. For kids who have been taught some version of inner focus, the studies that Immordino-Yang looked at indicated that they are less likely to suffer from high levels of anxiety, perform better on tests, and do a better job of planning for the future. Next time you see a kid (or adult) staring off into space, remember that they might actually be getting important work done. 1．What does the underlined words “the problems” refer to in the first paragraph? A．the problems with focus B．the problems with the brain health C．the problems with daydreaming D．the problems with modern technology 2．Which of the following does NOT belong to the benefits of daydreaming? A．Daydreaming makes life more fascinating. B．Daydreaming is good for kids’ mental health. C．Daydreaming enables adults to have more job opportunities. D．Daydreaming helps children improve academic performance. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Mary’s conclusion was based on other researchers’ studies. B．The more people sleep, the more efficiently they will work. C．The students taught inner focus will not suffer from anxiety. D．Focusing on the outside world helps us build good memories. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards daydreaming as an adult? A．negative B．critical C．uncertain D．favorable 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了现代科技对专注力的影响，并强调了做白日梦对大脑和心理健康的益处。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“It seems like every day there’s another study pointing to how this or that modern technology is destroying our ability to focus. But what if the problem is that we are expected to focus too much? By not giving our brains enough downtime, maybe we are actually making the problems worse.(似乎每天都有新的研究指出，这样或那样的现代科技正在摧毁我们的专注力。但倘若问题在于我们被期望过度专注呢？若不给大脑足够的休息时间，或许我们实际上是在让问题变得更糟。)”可知，若不给大脑足够的休息时间，或许我们实际上是在让专注力的问题变得更糟。the  problems指的是专注力的问题。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“For one, it was too fun.(首先，它太有趣了。)”可知，做白日梦让生活更有趣，A选项正确；根据第四段中“For kids who have been taught some version of inner focus, the studies that Immordino-Yang looked at indicated that they are less likely to suffer from high levels of anxiety, perform better on tests, and do a better job of planning for the future.(对于那些被教导过某种内在专注力的孩子来说，Immordino-Yang所研究的研究表明，他们不太可能遭受高度焦虑，在考试中表现更好，在规划未来方面也做得更好。)”可知，做白日梦对孩子的心理健康有好处，还能帮助孩子提高学业成绩，B、D选项属于做白日梦的好处。“做白日梦能让成年人有更多的工作机会”在文中并未提及，不属于做白日梦的好处。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But don’t just take my word for it: In the July, 2012 issue of Perspectives on Psychological Science , psychological scientist Mary Helen Immordino-Yang and her colleagues gathered a number of studies and explored them for details about the brain at rest, with some of the results summarized in Science Daily.(但别只听我一家之言：在2012年7月出版的《心理科学观点》杂志上，心理科学家玛丽·海伦·伊莫迪诺-杨及其同事收集了多项研究，并深入探究了大脑处于休息状态时的细节，其中一些结果总结在《科学日报》上。)”可知，玛丽的结论是基于其他研究人员的研究得出的。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Yet, it never felt right to shut down that daydreaming. For one, it was too fun.(然而，不该停止做白日梦。首先，它太有趣了。)”以及最后一段“Next time you see a kid (or adult) staring off into space, remember that they might actually be getting important work done.(下次你看到一个孩子（或是成年人）盯着某处发呆时，请记住，他们说不定正在完成一件重要的事。)”可知，作者认为做白日梦是有益的，因此作者对做白日梦持支持态度。故选D。 Passage 11 China is experiencing a surge in generative artificial intelligence usage, with millions embracing the technology and its applications expanding across various fields, according to a report by the China Internet Network Information Center. As of December last year, 249 million people in the country had used AI-generated products, and 302 AI-powered services were registered with the Cyberspace Administration of China, the nation’s top Internet regulator. Of the users, 65.4 percent were between age 20 and 39, and 47 percent held associate degrees or higher, indicating AI products are more widely used among middle-aged and highly educated individuals. While many users rely on AI as office assistants, the report also highlighted an increasing trend of generating pictures and videos through AI services. About 78 percent of users asked questions through AI-powered platforms to seek answers or solutions, with others using the technology to integrate information and generate meeting summaries. AI applications have expanded into areas such as literary creation, online marketing, legal consulting, software engineering and healthcare. They are also improving efficiency in traditional manufacturing sectors, the report noted, attributing the progress to policies and guidelines supporting the healthy and sustainable development of AI technologies. Between January and September last year, nine provincial-level administrations released plans or measures to promote AI-related industries, highlighting governmental support for innovation and oversight of its development. “Amid the surge of AI, timely policies and measures encourage major funds, private capital and large enterprises to invest in the technological industry,” said Zhang Xiao, deputy head of the center. “At the same time, they help balance industrial growth with security.” The report said China recorded 504 AI-related investment and financing cases in the first three quarters of last year, involving about 81.2 billion yuan. China now has more than 4,500 AI-related enterprises, covering areas such as computer chips, algorithms and Internet platforms, Zhang said. She praised the technology’s role in industrial integration, noting its contributions to increasing agricultural output and reducing manufacturing costs by improving production tools and improving services. 1．How does the author support the report that AI is widely used among Chinese people? A．By providing numerical data. B．By quoting a scientific study. C．By giving a specific example. D．By comparing AI applications. 2．What is the author’s attitude toward the role of AI in traditional manufacturing sectors? A．Optimistic. B．Skeptical. C．Neutral. D．Critical. 3．What can be concluded from the provincial-level plans released last year? A．The number of AI-related enterprises is declining nationwide. B．AI technologies are facing strict regulatory restrictions in China. C．Local governments are actively competing to attract AI investments. D．The central government places high value on AI development. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for this passage? A．The Rise of AI Investment: A Recent Trend B．AI Applications: Encouraged in Office and Creative Areas C．AI Users in China: Young and Highly Educated Individuals D．China’s AI Industry: Rapid Expansion with Strong Support 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国生成式人工智能使用量激增，应用领域拓宽且获得政策与资金多方支持。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As of December last year, 249 million people in the country had used AI-generated products, and 302 AI-powered services were registered with the Cyberspace Administration of China, the nation’s top Internet regulator.(截至去年12月，全国已有2.49亿人使用人工智能生成产品，国家互联网监管机构中国网信办已登记备案302项人工智能驱动服务)”以及第三段中的“Of the users, 65.4 percent were between age 20 and 39, and 47 percent held associate degrees or higher, indicating AI products are more widely used among middle-aged and highly educated individuals.(在这些用户中，65.4%的人年龄在20至39岁之间，47%的人拥有大专及以上学历，这表明人工智能产品在中年和高学历人群中使用更为广泛)”可知，作者通过列举大量具体数据，来佐证人工智能在中国民众中被广泛使用的观点。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“They are also improving efficiency in traditional manufacturing sectors, the report noted, attributing the progress to policies and guidelines supporting the healthy and sustainable development of AI technologies.(报告指出，人工智能还提高了传统制造业的效率，并将这一进展归功于支持人工智能技术健康可持续发展的政策和指导方针)”以及最后一段中的“She praised the technology’s role in industrial integration, noting its contributions to increasing agricultural output and reducing manufacturing costs by improving production tools and improving services.(她赞扬了该技术在产业融合中的作用，并指出其通过改进生产工具和完善服务，为提高农业产量和降低制造成本做出了贡献)”可知，作者提及人工智能对传统制造业的积极作用，由此可判断作者对此持乐观态度。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Between January and September last year, nine provincial-level administrations released plans or measures to promote AI-related industries, highlighting governmental support for innovation and oversight of its development.(去年1月至9月，9个省级行政区发布了促进人工智能相关产业发展的计划或措施，凸显了政府对人工智能创新和发展监管的支持)”可知，地方政府主动出台相关政策推动人工智能产业发展，这体现出地方政府在积极争取相关资源，吸引人工智能领域的投资。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章既阐述了中国人工智能用户规模庞大、应用领域覆盖办公、文创、制造等多个行业的快速扩张现状，又介绍了政府出台政策、社会资本投入、企业数量众多等多方面的有力支持。D选项“China’s AI Industry: Rapid Expansion with Strong Support(中国人工智能产业：在有力支持下快速扩张)”为最佳标题。故选D项。 Passage 12 In 2023, a survey by the Pew Research Center found that the average American spends over 7 hours a day on digital devices — scrolling social media, checking emails, or browsing news. This “digital overload” has led to a rise in anxiety, poor sleep, and reduced focus. In response, a growing number of people are turning to “digital minimalism” — a lifestyle that emphasizes intentional use of technology, rather than letting it control daily life. Digital minimalism is not about rejecting technology entirely. Instead, it’s about identifying which digital tools truly add value to your life and cutting out the rest. For example, a student might keep a learning app for language practice but delete social media platforms that distract them from studying. A working professional could set rules for email: only checking it twice a day instead of every 10 minutes. The goal is to make technology a tool, not a habit. One key practice of digital minimalism is the “digital detox” — a short period (from a weekend to a month) where people avoid non-essential digital use. During a detox, many people report surprising changes: they start reading physical books again, have longer conversations with family, or rediscover hobbies like painting or hiking. Sarah Miller, a 32-year-old designer who tried a two-week detox last year, said, “I used to feel anxious if I didn’t check my phone for an hour. After the detox, I realized how much time I was wasting on things that didn’t matter.” Another part of digital minimalism is setting clear boundaries. This could mean turning off phone notifications during meals or work hours, or keeping devices out of the bedroom to improve sleep. Studies have shown that exposure to blue light from screens before bed disrupts melatonin production — the hormone that regulates sleep. By keeping phones away at night, digital minimalists often find they fall asleep faster and wake up more refreshed. Of course, digital minimalism is not easy. It requires breaking long-held habits, and social pressure can make it hard to say “no” to group chats or social media invites. But proponents argue that the benefits are worth it: less stress, more time for meaningful activities, and a stronger connection to the real world. As Cal Newport, the author of Digital Minimalism, put it, “The point isn’t to live without technology. It’s to live with technology in a way that serves you, not the other way around.” 1．What is the core idea of digital minimalism according to Paragraph 2? A．Rejecting all digital tools to avoid distraction. B．Reducing digital use to less than 1 hour a day. C．Only keeping digital tools for work or study. D．Using digital technology in a planned and purposeful way. 2．What can we infer from Sarah Miller’s experience with the two-week detox? A．She used to spend most of her time on learning apps. B．The detox helped her realize the waste of time on unimportant digital activities. C．She stopped using her phone completely after the detox. D．The detox made her more anxious about missing messages. 3．Why do digital minimalists keep devices out of the bedroom? A．To prevent blue light from affecting sleep quality. B．To avoid being disturbed by phone calls at night. C．To make more space for physical books and hobbies. D．To focus on conversations with family members. 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To warn readers about the dangers of digital overload. B．To persuade readers to try a digital detox immediately. C．To compare different ways of reducing digital device use. D．To introduce the concept, practices, and benefits of digital minimalism. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了数字极简主义的概念、实践方式和好处，目的是向读者介绍该理念及其相关内容。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Digital minimalism is not about rejecting technology entirely. Instead, it’s about identifying which digital tools truly add value to your life and cutting out the rest. (数字极简主义并非要完全拒绝科技，而是要找出哪些数字工具能真正为生活增添价值，然后摒弃其余的工具)”可知，其核心理念是有计划、有目的使用数字技术。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Sarah Miller, a 32-year-old designer who tried a two-week detox last year, said, “I used to feel anxious if I didn’t check my phone for an hour. After the detox, I realized how much time I was wasting on things that didn’t matter.” (32岁的设计师萨拉·米勒去年尝试了两周的数字戒断，她说：“以前我要是一小时没看手机就会焦虑。戒断之后，我才意识到自己在无关紧要的事情上浪费了多少时间。”)”可知，戒断体验让她意识到自己在无意义的数字活动上浪费了时间。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Studies have shown that exposure to blue light from screens before bed disrupts melatonin production — the hormone that regulates sleep. By keeping phones away at night, digital minimalists often find they fall asleep faster and wake up more refreshed. (研究表明，睡前接触屏幕蓝光会扰乱褪黑素的分泌，而褪黑素是调节睡眠的激素。数字极简主义者晚上远离手机，往往会发现自己入睡更快，醒来也更神清气爽)”可知，数字极简主义者把设备拿出卧室是为了避免蓝光影响睡眠质量。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，文章第二段介绍数字极简主义的核心理念，第三、四段介绍具体实践方式，最后一段提及该生活方式的益处，作者的写作目的是介绍数字极简主义的概念、实践方法和好处。故选D。 Passage 13 Are you a short video app user? Chances are that you’re more familiar with 15-second sped-up clips of songs than with the original tracks themselves. This trend has been evident on social media platforms, notably Douyin and TikTok, where creators boost the rhythm by 25-30 percent to match short viral videos featuring dances or other themes. These altered versions have even pushed some musicians to the top of official singles charts (排行榜). As a Radio Anthems host told the BBC, although sped-up versions of songs can help artists go viral, that initial success may not last. This isn’t just about music. Social media users also accelerate podcasts, movies, etc. for quicker consumption. The sped-up mode provides a faster way to achieve the dopamine (多巴胺) rush that social media aims to spark, leading to addiction and influencing our actions. While it seems efficient, speeding up content has significant disadvantages. “So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing, lighting, timing and music, and speeding that all up just ruins it,” a Reddit user commented. Another user also mentioned that if someone consumes content this way, their viewpoint of the movie or the song is not valid (合理的). It seems that people speed up content not because they enjoy movies and songs but rather simply to complete the action of “watching” and “listening”. It’s as if they’re telling the creators: “I don’t have the patience to care about all the detailed design and subtle emotions you put into the work.” All they want is a quick general idea of “what’s going on” and a feeling of “wow, I just consumed another piece of information”. Evidently, this approach weakens creators’ efforts and erodes people’s patience. However, people often fail to realize that this also destroys their patience with life. Beginning with sped-up songs and movies, it gradually creeps into daily life. A Chinese netizen once shared, “I found myself becoming impatient with doing research for my work or preparing for a test,” highlighting how this habit extends to longer-term tasks. We already live in a fast-paced society, yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect. What’s the rush? Some things should not be sped up, like our patience for beauty and hard work. 1．What might be a possible result of sped-up song versions on social media? A．They boost the popularity of original songs. B．They lead musicians to top official singles charts. C．They decrease the consumption of short videos. D．They help musicians maintain long-term success. 2．From Reddit users’ perspectives, what impact does speeding up content have? A．It reduces audience’s appreciation level of art. B．It enhances the dopamine rush for better mood. C．It offers a more effective way to grasp the content. D．It damages media’s works and devalues consumers’ views. 3．What is the primary function of the fourth paragraph? A．To propose a solution to the problem of shortened attention spans. B．To illustrate the underlying intention behind consuming sped-up content. C．To compare different methods of consuming media. D．To highlight the technical process of speeding up videos. 4．Which of the following best summarizes the author's overall attitude towards the trend of speeding up content? A．Negative B．Supportive C．Neutral D．Unclear 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了社交媒体上“内容加速”趋势及其影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“These altered versions have even pushed some musicians to the top of official singles charts (排行榜).(这些修改后的版本甚至将一些音乐家推上了官方单曲排行榜的榜首)”可知，社交媒体上加速版歌曲可能带来的结果是使音乐家登上官方单曲排行榜榜首。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing, lighting, timing and music, and speeding that all up just ruins it(这么多人努力在节奏、灯光、时机和音乐方面做出具体决定，而加速这一切只会毁了它)”以及“Another user also mentioned that if someone consumes content this way, their viewpoint of the movie or the song is not valid (合理的).(另一位用户也提到，如果有人以这种方式消费内容，他们对电影或歌曲的观点是不合理的)”可知，从Reddit用户的角度来看，加速内容会损害媒体的作品并降低消费者的观点价值。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“It seems that people speed up content not because they enjoy movies and songs but rather simply to complete the action of “watching” and “listening”.(似乎人们加速播放内容并不是因为他们喜欢电影和歌曲，而仅仅是为了完成“观看”和“倾听”的动作)”以及后文对人们这种行为的进一步阐述可知，第四段的主要功能是阐述人们消费加速播放内容背后的意图。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通观全文，作者在指出现象后，大部分篇幅都在论述其弊端：破坏艺术完整性、侵蚀耐心、影响现实生活任务等。根据最后一段“We already live in a fast-paced society, yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect. What’s the rush? Some things should not be sped up, like our patience for beauty and hard work.(我们已经生活在一个快节奏的社会中，但我们仍然试图在各个方面加快速度。急什么呢？有些事情不应该加速，比如我们对美和努力的耐心)”可知，作者对这一现象持否定态度，认为有些事情不应该加速。故选A。 Passage 14 The convenience of modern life is nothing short of astonishing. As I write this, my phone is wirelessly sending some hits from the 1700s to my portable speaker. The fact that, as a culture, we celebrate such convenience is understandable. That said, most people are able to sense that convenience has a darker side. Before getting into that, we’d better understand why convenience is so seductive first. We often stop doing the things we need to do to make progress. Behind every well-intentioned plan lies this horrible sense of inertia. Why is this resistance — and our corresponding appetite for ease — such an essential part of our nature? Here, insights from evolutionary psychology (particularly the idea of “the evolutionary mismatch”) can help. The evolutionary mismatch is the idea that we evolved for a hunter-gather lifestyle, and that while our circumstances have changed completely, our brains and bodies haven’t. Resistance was a necessary counterbalance (制衡) to the bursts of intense activity that characterized the lives of hunter-gatherers: searching for food in driving rain, or running to escape a dangerous animal. It’s the reason we still ask: “Do I really have to be doing this? Shouldn’t I save my energy?” The people choosing to remain sheltered during snowstorms, when the prospect of obtaining food was low, were more likely to live and pass on their genes to the next generation. Since then, of course, innovation has changed things greatly. We’ve altered technology and our environments partly to serve our natural instinct (本能) to conserve energy. The question is: what do we stand to lose by following our tendency to prioritize comfort and convenience? Continually choosing the convenient path reduces how well we can deal with unavoidable hardships. And, from an evolutionary perspective, some measure of discomfort is as crucial to our survival as rest and relaxation. Our ancestors didn’t survive purely by being lazy, but through a combination of playing it safe and taking necessary risks. This difficulty itself does shape our character. In the technological world we have fashioned, we must sometimes make conscious efforts to act in opposition to our instincts. As a culture, we must remember that while convenience feels good in the moment, our capacity to adapt and overcome challenges is part of our evolutionary inheritance (遗传) too, and central to the adventure of life. 1．What does the underlined word “inertia” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Laziness. B．Stubbornness. C．Inflexibility. D．Pessimism. 2．What does “the evolutionary mismatch” mainly refer to? A．The contrast between modern convenience and ancient challenges. B．The argument over the hunter-gather lifestyle of ancient people. C．The inconsistency between personal goals and societal expectations. D．The conflict between our natural instinct and the current environment. 3．What may prioritizing convenience in modern life result in? A．A decline in physical fitness. B．Over-dependence on technology. C．Weaker ability to tackle difficulty. D．A lack of innovation and progress. 4．What’s the author’s purpose? A．To argue for convenience in modern life. B．To warn against overvaluing convenience. C．To illustrate public opinions on convenience. D．To stress the role of convenience in evolution. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要探讨了现代生活中便利的双面性，结合进化心理学的“进化错配”理论分析了人类本能追求便利的根源，并警示人们过度重视便利会削弱应对困难的能力，强调人也需保有适应和克服挑战的进化本能。 1．词句猜测题。根据原文第二段“We often stop doing the things we need to do to make progress. Behind every well-intentioned plan lies this horrible sense of inertia. Why is this resistance — and our corresponding appetite for ease — such an essential part of our nature?(我们常常停止去做那些为了取得进步而需要做的事。每一个善意的计划背后，都潜藏着这种可怕的 inertia。为什么这种抗拒 —— 以及我们随之而来的对安逸的渴望 —— 会是我们天性中如此重要的一部分？)”可知，我们常常停止去做那些为了取得进步而需要做的事。inertia 的含义与“停止做该做的事、渴望安逸”相关，即“懒惰”，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“The evolutionary mismatch is the idea that we evolved for a hunter-gather lifestyle, and that while our circumstances have changed completely, our brains and bodies haven’t.(“进化错配” 指的是我们的进化是为了适应狩猎采集的生活方式，而尽管我们所处的环境已经彻底改变，我们的大脑和身体却并未随之改变)”可知，该理论指的是人类的本能和当下环境之间的矛盾，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据原文第五段“Continually choosing the convenient path reduces how well we can deal with unavoidable hardships.(持续选择便捷的道路会降低我们应对不可避免的困境的能力)”可知，优先考虑便利会导致应对困难的能力变弱，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“As a culture, we must remember that while convenience feels good in the moment, our capacity to adapt and overcome challenges is part of our evolutionary inheritance (遗传) too, and central to the adventure of life.(作为一种文化，我们必须记住，尽管便利在当下让人感觉良好，但我们适应和克服挑战的能力也是我们进化遗传的一部分，并且是人生这场冒险的核心)”及全文内容可知，作者警示人们过度重视便利会削弱应对困难的能力，强调人也需保有适应和克服挑战的进化本能，目的是警示人们不要过度重视便利，故选B。 Passage 15 Individuals are different in how they react to anxiety. Some bury their heads in the sand and ignore the mounting sense of anxiety that seems to occupy the society. Others are in a watchful state and can’t get enough of the up-to-the-minute news and social media feeds. Martin Buber once stated that we related to three things around us: nature, our fellow men, and how you view the world. When we are in a burdened (忧虑的) state, we tend to take no notice of any of these. When we become unburdened from our depressed selves, we are able to discover the delights and wonders around and experience a deep sense of thankfulness. At a time when news reports are only a click away, people’s anxiety becomes extreme. Because of 24/7 media, the international and the interpersonal have integrated in a way that we have never seen before. It seems that we’ve lost the ability to maintain our inner peace—and that’s not just a matter of having opposing views about issues. It’s a matter of not having the patience to involve in delightful communication and to hear each other. Changing the situation can’t be achieved overnight. It’s not accidental, which must be approached with strength. It comes from the efforts to obtain understanding and calm. Our age of anxiety presents us with challenges. But out of adversity comes opportunity. Never can we maintain calm and experience thankfulness at a time when we are burdened, worried, and anxious. Like anything else, relaxation and calm take a bit of work. Attempt to limit your exposure to updates on the news and take a couple of moments to count your blessings—including the people in your life and the fortune from which you’ve benefited. As you may realize, it is taking things for granted that robs you of the fruits of your labor. Praying for goodness and planting seeds of gratitude may be our only way out. 1．According to paragraph two, What might happen to a relaxed person? A．Keeping up with the latest news items. B．Seeing the beauty in the surroundings. C．Paying no attention to the state of mind. D．Getting on well with nature and fellows. 2．What makes people anxiety-stricken? A．The large amount of information. B．The widespread false news. C．The opposing views online. D．The lack of peaceful talks. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Methods to overcome challenges and difficulties. B．Steps to robbing people of their fruits of labor. C．Tips on limiting exposure to news updates. D．Ways to ease anxiety and value blessings. 4．Which might be a suitable title for the text? A．Count Blessings Instead of Challenges B．Watch Out for the Traps of Media C．Be Thankful in an Age of Anxiety D．Take Nothing Online for Granted 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了在焦虑时代人们面对焦虑的不同反应，指出媒体使人们极度焦虑，强调要努力克服焦虑，心怀感恩。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“When we become unburdened from our depressed selves, we are able to discover the delights and wonders around and experience a deep sense of thankfulness. (当我们从沮丧的自我中解脱出来时，我们就能发现周围的美好与奇妙，并体验到深深的感恩之情。)”可知，放松的人（从沮丧中解脱的人）能发现周围的美好，即看到环境中的美。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“At a time when news reports are only a click away, people’s anxiety becomes extreme. Because of 24/7 media, the international and the interpersonal have integrated in a way that we have never seen before. (在新闻报道只需点击一下即可获取的时代，人们的焦虑变得极度严重。由于全天候媒体的存在，国际事务与人际交往以前所未有的方式融合在一起。)”可知，全天候媒体带来的大量信息（随时可获取的新闻）是人们焦虑的原因。故选A项。 3．主旨大意题。根据最后一段 “Attempt to limit your exposure to updates on the news and take a couple of moments to count your blessings—including the people in your life and the fortune from which you’ve benefited. As you may realize, it is taking things for granted that robs you of the fruits of your labor. Praying for goodness and planting seeds of gratitude may be our only way out.(尝试限制自己接触新闻更新，花点时间感恩你所拥有的一切 —— 包括你生命中的人以及你所享有的福气。正如你可能意识到的，把一切视为理所当然会剥夺你的劳动成果。祈求美好、播下感恩的种子可能是我们唯一的出路。)”可知，该段核心是介绍缓解焦虑、珍惜福气的方法。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Never can we maintain calm and experience thankfulness at a time when we are burdened, worried, and anxious. Like anything else, relaxation and calm take a bit of work. Attempt to limit your exposure to updates on the news and take a couple of moments to count your blessings—including the people in your life and the fortune from which you’ve benefited.(当我们负担沉重、忧心忡忡、焦虑不安时，我们永远无法保持冷静和感恩。像其他事情一样，放松和冷静需要一点努力。试着限制自己对新闻更新的接触，花点时间数数自己的福气——包括你生命中的人以及你所享有的福气。)”可知，文章主要讲述了在焦虑时代人们应保持平静、心怀感恩。由此可知，C项“Be Thankful in an Age of Anxiety(在焦虑时代心怀感恩)”适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $