精品解析：湖南长沙市明达高级中学有限公司2025-2026学年度下学期高一年级期中考试英语卷

2025-2026学年度明达集团高一年级期中考试卷 英语 （满分150分。考试用时120分钟） 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. How are the speakers traveling? A. By rail. B. By car. C. By plane. 2. What is the man in a hurry to do? A. Go Christmas shopping. B. Go out for a meal. C. Go to his office. 3. How does the woman feel about the burger? A. It has too many onions. B. It is tasteless. C. It is too salty. 4. What does the woman usually begin doing after 7:00 p.m.? A. Having dinner. B. Doing homework. C. Checking messages. 5. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. The life in poor areas. B. The daily work of postmen. C. The use of modern technology. 第二节 听下面5段录音或独白。每段录音或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音或独白播放两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. What is the woman worried about? A. Whether people hurt themselves. B. Whether people can catch the cheese. C. Whether there are enough people to attend. 7. What does the man say about the festival? A. It’s 2000 years old. B. It wasn’t held for two years. C. It is only known by the British. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. At home. B. At school. C. At a café. 9. What will the man probably do this Sunday? A. Do volunteer work. B. Attend a music class. C. Go to the cinema. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who is probably the man? A. A sportsman. B. A shop assistant. C. A doctor. 11. What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday. 12. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Go shopping more often. B. Take the medicine on time. C. Do lifting exercises regularly. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Friends. C. Grandparent and grandchild. 14. What was the main reason for the man’s trip to Xi’ an? A. To visit family. B. To go sightseeing. C. To attend a school trip. 15. Which site have both of the speakers visited? A. The Terracotta Army. B. The Mogao Grottoes. C. The Xi’ an City Wall. 16. How do tourists mainly affect the cave paintings in Mogao Grottoes? A. By taking flash photographs. B. By touching the paintings. C. By breathing in the space. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What did Berg study about parrots (鹦鹉)? A. Their ability to speak human language. B. Their habit of living in groups. C. Their unique calls. 18. What type of parrots did Berg study? A. Parrots that talk the most. B. Parrots that are green in color. C. Parrots that can’t be found in the wild. 19. What did Berg do during the experiments? A. He changed the parrot eggs. B. He chatted a lot with parrots. C. He freed some parrots to the wild. 20. What has been proved about parrots’ names? A. Parrots are born with them. B. Parrots choose their own names. C. Parrots get them from their parents. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Whether you are hoping to relax or you are looking forward to staying active in vacation, seeking out great hikes is a good idea. If you are planning a trip to southern California, or you live in San Diego, now it is time to search for new hiking trails (路线). Here are some of the most popular hikes in San Diego. Cuyamaca Peak (顶峰) The peak is in Cuyamaca Rancho State Park, and you’ll see plenty of snow-capped trees so it’s gonna be very cold. There are 37 trails in the state park, but you’ll want to stick to Azalea Glen Loop. It’s a difficult seven-mile hike that will bring you right to Cuyamaca Peak. Cedar Greek Falls For this hike, you’ll hike from the Cedar Creek Falls to the Devil’s Punch Bowl, which is a pool at the base of Cedar Creek Falls. It can really heat up in summer, and it is hard to hike, so be sure to pack lots of water and protein-filled snacks. Swami’s Beach Take the trail from Swami’s Beach to Cardiff Beach and you will experience impressive ocean views and the smooth sound of waves crashing onto the sand. As an easy out-and-back hike, the path is accessible (可进入的) from Swami’s Beach and is about three miles in total. Cowles Mountain It is well known that Cowles Mountain is the highest point in San Diego — so it’s worth visiting for the fact that you can see Mexico from the peak. The three-mile hike is quite difficult. If you are willing to wake up before the sun, Cowles Mountain is a beautiful spot to watch the sunrise. It’s one of San Diego’s most popular hikes, so starting early might also help avoid the crowds. 1. What do you need to take if you choose the Cuyamaca Peak? A. A map. B. A warm coat. C. Food and water. D. An umbrella. 2. What can you see if you choose to Swami’s Beach? A. An impressive pool. B. Trees covered with snow. C. Incredible ocean views. D. An overview of Mexico. 3. Which hiking trail will you choose if you want to see beautiful sunrise? A. Cedar Greek Falls. B. Cuyamaca Peak. C. Swami’s Beach. D. Cowles Mountain. B Jeff Steele was born in Texas and grew up in Mississippi. A gifted singer, Jeff began writing songs when he was in high school. “I was going to be the next Lionel Richie,” he recalls with a smile. In time, however, Jeff began to write songs, and in the early 1980s formed a group called The Steeles. Within a decade, not only had the group signed a recording contract with Daywind Records, but Jeff became a staff writer for the label and moved his family to Nashville, Tennessee. Throughout the 1990s, Jeff penned a string of hits for Daywind, including four No. 1 songs for The Steeles. But not only does Jeff write for his group, he also has his songs recorded by other artists that include Greater Vision, The Florida Boys, The Perrys, The Gaither Vocal Band and others. Jeff’s efforts have collected four BMI Awards for radio singles by Karen Peck & New River, The Inspirations, and Legacy Five, along with a popular song by The Steeles. That song also received a Dove Awards nomination (提名), as did “Not One Word” by The Collingsworth Family. What has changed for Jeff regarding songwriting over the last three decades? “I used to write everything alone, but now I enjoy co-writing, especially with my son, Brad.” The Steeles’ latest StowTown Records release, Be the Reason, contains multiple songs penned by the father and son, with each having an unusual feel. Perhaps this is because Brad — at age 30 — is writing as a young man from the point of looking forward, and Jeff — at age 63 — is writing from a pen of wisdom and experience. This may also be part of the reason that their songs are connecting with all of us: because we, as listeners, can benefit from both generations. 4. Who might Lionel Richie be? A. A writer. B. A friend of Jeff’s. C. A well-known musician. D. A member of The Steeles. 5. What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A. Jeff’s crucial role in his group. B. Jeff’s influence on other artists. C. Jeff’s secret to success as a singer. D. Jeff’s extraordinary achievements. 6. What is special about Be the Reason? A. It was completed by Brad himself. B. It contains a multi-generational feel. C. It displays people from all walks of life. D. It received a Dove Awards nomination. 7. Which of the following can best describe Jeff? A. Talented and devoted. B. Tough and generous. C. Scholarly and friendly. D. Ambitious and imaginative. C When choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes, you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability (可靠). First of all, understanding is indeed the most important in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person’s place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener. At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices their good points. In short, a friend will try to understand me and accept me. Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble he will not run away from me. There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of hurnor. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me. When I meet someone who is reliable, honest and understanding, I know I’ve found a friend! 8. The writer thinks the most significant quality of a friend is ________. A. Honesty B. Reliability C. Being humorous D. Understanding 9. Which one may be a fair-weather friend? A. One that is always there for you. B. One that distances you when you’re poor. C. One that recognises others’ good points. D. One that enjoys the same things you enjoy. 10. How many qualities are mentioned in the passage? A. Six. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 11. What is the passage mainly about? A. The qualities of a good friend. B. The significance of having a good friend. C. The tips for getting along with a good friend. D. The good opportunities for finding a good friend. D In most cases, people pick the easiest way out: the path of least resistance. Yet, it is the hard choice — the path of most resistance — that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run. How do these paths differ? What are the dangers of an easy life? What are the rewards for a hard life? Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, without thinking about its long-term consequences. For example, you eat whatever and whenever you like. It may feel nice at first but they have a very high price — guaranteed obesity (肥胖). Most people in modern world follow this path, and this is why so many people struggle without self-control, good habits, etc. The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if it means suffering in the early stage. For example, it may cost you a lot to quit watching TV for hours. But over the long term, you’ll free up a lot of time that will lead to a more satisfying lite than that of a couch potato. At first sight, this way is unattractive. It requires effort and loss of pleasure, and leads to potential suffering. Yet, on the other side of all that lies a world of more confidence and self-control. In the end, they more than make up for the passing shallow pleasures. We’re lazy by nature. Some may point out that because of this laziness that we now enjoy so many wonders of technology that people in the past would kill to have. But ask the same individuals praising laziness if they would be happy living a life where everything is given to them the moment they think about it. They would have zero difficulties, no aims in life and no obstacle to get over and no wise human would want such an existence. 12. How does the author show the dangers of choosing the easy path? A. By asking questions. B. By giving examples. C. By giving explanations. D. By making a comparison. 13. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Watching TV for hours. B. Getting shallow pleasures. C. Having many life struggles. D. Choosing the path of most resistance. 14. Which of the following would the author agree with? A. Life is to be enjoyed, not suffered. B. There should be some challenges in life. C. Set your lite goals as early as possible. D. Good habits provide short-term pleasures. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To tell us humans are lazy by nature. B. To encourage us to take the hard path of life. C. To prove that laziness leads to wonders in life. D. To show the common lifestyles of young people. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Have a Successful Teenage Life Everyone dreams of success in their life, don’t they? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. ___16___ ·Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. ___17___ Listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future. School sets you up on the right track! · ___18___ Volunteering can not only improve your community's status (状况), but it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression (抑郁) than people who don’t. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you. For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. ___19___ ·Be nice to your parents and teachers. Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. ___20___ You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now. These points can help you enjoy success in your teenage life. A. Live life to the fullest. B. Do good in your community. C. Try your best for excellence in school. D. Here are some tips that might be helpful. E. It will help you pass time and develop your personality. F. Helping others will make you feel better about yourself. G. Keep it in mind that they do what they do because they care about you. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Alejandro can’t wait to get home to dive into his candle-making business as soon as he returns home from school every day while other children play games, ____21____ their pets or watch TV. It all started when Alejandro ____22____ that commercial candles gave his mum headaches. He ____23____ there must be a way to make an all-natural candle that was ____24____. So he ____25____ into the world of wax (蜡) and found a soy-based wax that is chemical-free, and Smell of Love Candles was ____26____. Alejandro sold his candles to his neighbours at local fairs. Then his online orders began ____27____. In the fall of 2022, he opened his first retail store (零售店), becoming the ____28____ leaseholder at Tysons Corner Centre. As his candles become a much bigger ____29____, he is always experimenting with new scents (气味). His mother is ____30____ with her son and loves to spend time with him as his business grows. She says it has strengthened their ____31____ and that it’s been great to see how his mind works, ____32____, “It’s been really inspiring.” With all the ____33____ that seems to rob (剥夺) many of us of the motivation to move forward, Alejandro has chosen to ____34____ a solution that works, not only for him, but as a(n) ____35____ to others. 21. A. adopt B. choose C. walk D. abandon 22. A. discovered B. promised C. declared D. agreed 23. A. predicted B. claimed C. figured D. proved 24. A. safe B. popular C. cheap D. valuable 25. A. ran B. dug C. broke D. changed 26. A. exposed B. known C. highlighted D. born 27. A. paying off B. turning on C. coming out D. picking up 28. A. smartest B. youngest C. richest D. greatest 29. A. effect B. trend C. shock D. operation 30. A. impressed B. familiar C. strict D. concerned 31. A. hobby B. relationship C. power D. ability 32. A. shouting B. announcing C. adding D. explaining 33. A. information B. trouble C. involvement D. progress 34. A. focus on B. agree on C. depend on D. reflect on 35. A. future B. relief C. success D. inspiration 第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the ____36____ (large) rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight ____37____ (country), including Brazil and Peru, on the South American continent. The Amazon River, from ____38____ the rainforest gets its name, is about 6,400 kilometres in length. Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can ____39____ (find) in the Amazon. The forest’s different levels provide food and shelter ____40____ an unbelievable variety of wildlife. Apart from the plants, there ____41____ (be)more than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals which hide among the jungle’s plant life. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and ____42____ (produce) over 20 percent of all the Earth’s oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. However, over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest ____43____ (disappear) due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues ____44____ (grow) and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage ____45____ “lungs of the planet”? 第四部分 写作（满分20分） 46. 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦作为交换生学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请(apply for)做志愿者，内容包括： 1．写信目的：2．个人优势：3．能做的事情。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 3.结束语已为你写好。 Dear Sir/Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度明达集团高一年级期中考试卷 英语 （满分150分。考试用时120分钟） 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. How are the speakers traveling? A. By rail. B. By car. C. By plane. 2. What is the man in a hurry to do? A. Go Christmas shopping. B. Go out for a meal. C. Go to his office. 3. How does the woman feel about the burger? A. It has too many onions. B. It is tasteless. C. It is too salty. 4. What does the woman usually begin doing after 7:00 p.m.? A. Having dinner. B. Doing homework. C. Checking messages. 5. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. The life in poor areas. B. The daily work of postmen. C. The use of modern technology. 第二节 听下面5段录音或独白。每段录音或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音或独白播放两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. What is the woman worried about? A. Whether people hurt themselves. B. Whether people can catch the cheese. C. Whether there are enough people to attend. 7. What does the man say about the festival? A. It’s 2000 years old. B. It wasn’t held for two years. C. It is only known by the British. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. At home. B. At school. C. At a café. 9. What will the man probably do this Sunday? A. Do volunteer work. B. Attend a music class. C. Go to the cinema. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who is probably the man? A. A sportsman. B. A shop assistant. C. A doctor. 11. What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday. 12. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Go shopping more often. B. Take the medicine on time. C. Do lifting exercises regularly. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Friends. C. Grandparent and grandchild. 14. What was the main reason for the man’s trip to Xi’ an? A. To visit family. B. To go sightseeing. C. To attend a school trip. 15. Which site have both of the speakers visited? A. The Terracotta Army. B. The Mogao Grottoes. C. The Xi’ an City Wall. 16. How do tourists mainly affect the cave paintings in Mogao Grottoes? A. By taking flash photographs. B. By touching the paintings. C. By breathing in the space. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What did Berg study about parrots (鹦鹉)? A. Their ability to speak human language. B. Their habit of living in groups. C. Their unique calls. 18. What type of parrots did Berg study? A. Parrots that talk the most. B. Parrots that are green in color. C. Parrots that can’t be found in the wild. 19. What did Berg do during the experiments? A. He changed the parrot eggs. B. He chatted a lot with parrots. C. He freed some parrots to the wild. 20. What has been proved about parrots’ names? A. Parrots are born with them. B. Parrots choose their own names. C. Parrots get them from their parents. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Whether you are hoping to relax or you are looking forward to staying active in vacation, seeking out great hikes is a good idea. If you are planning a trip to southern California, or you live in San Diego, now it is time to search for new hiking trails (路线). Here are some of the most popular hikes in San Diego. Cuyamaca Peak (顶峰) The peak is in Cuyamaca Rancho State Park, and you’ll see plenty of snow-capped trees so it’s gonna be very cold. There are 37 trails in the state park, but you’ll want to stick to Azalea Glen Loop. It’s a difficult seven-mile hike that will bring you right to Cuyamaca Peak. Cedar Greek Falls For this hike, you’ll hike from the Cedar Creek Falls to the Devil’s Punch Bowl, which is a pool at the base of Cedar Creek Falls. It can really heat up in summer, and it is hard to hike, so be sure to pack lots of water and protein-filled snacks. Swami’s Beach Take the trail from Swami’s Beach to Cardiff Beach and you will experience impressive ocean views and the smooth sound of waves crashing onto the sand. As an easy out-and-back hike, the path is accessible (可进入的) from Swami’s Beach and is about three miles in total. Cowles Mountain It is well known that Cowles Mountain is the highest point in San Diego — so it’s worth visiting for the fact that you can see Mexico from the peak. The three-mile hike is quite difficult. If you are willing to wake up before the sun, Cowles Mountain is a beautiful spot to watch the sunrise. It’s one of San Diego’s most popular hikes, so starting early might also help avoid the crowds. 1. What do you need to take if you choose the Cuyamaca Peak? A. A map. B. A warm coat. C. Food and water. D. An umbrella. 2. What can you see if you choose to Swami’s Beach? A. An impressive pool. B. Trees covered with snow. C. Incredible ocean views. D. An overview of Mexico. 3. Which hiking trail will you choose if you want to see beautiful sunrise? A. Cedar Greek Falls. B. Cuyamaca Peak. C. Swami’s Beach. D. Cowles Mountain. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了圣地亚哥一些最受欢迎的徒步路线。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Cuyamaca Peak部分的“The peak is in Cuyamaca Rancho State Park, and you’ll see plenty of snow-capped trees so it’s gonna be very cold.(这座顶峰位于库亚马卡牧场州立公园，你会看到许多被雪覆盖的树木，天气将会非常寒冷)”可知，选择Cuyamaca Peak需要带暖和的大衣。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Swami’s Beach 部分的“Take the trail from Swami’s Beach to Cardiff Beach and you will experience impressive ocean views and the smooth sound of waves crashing onto the sand.(从斯瓦米海滩走到卡迪夫海滩，你会体验到令人印象深刻的海景和海浪拍打沙滩的声音)”可知，选择Swami’s Beach徒步路线会看到令人惊叹的海景。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Cowles Mountain部分的“If you are willing to wake up before the sun, Cowles Mountain is a beautiful spot to watch the sunrise. (如果你愿意在太阳升起前醒来，考尔斯山是一个观赏日出的美丽地点)”可知，想要看日出，应该选Cowles Mountain。故选 D项。 B Jeff Steele was born in Texas and grew up in Mississippi. A gifted singer, Jeff began writing songs when he was in high school. “I was going to be the next Lionel Richie,” he recalls with a smile. In time, however, Jeff began to write songs, and in the early 1980s formed a group called The Steeles. Within a decade, not only had the group signed a recording contract with Daywind Records, but Jeff became a staff writer for the label and moved his family to Nashville, Tennessee. Throughout the 1990s, Jeff penned a string of hits for Daywind, including four No. 1 songs for The Steeles. But not only does Jeff write for his group, he also has his songs recorded by other artists that include Greater Vision, The Florida Boys, The Perrys, The Gaither Vocal Band and others. Jeff’s efforts have collected four BMI Awards for radio singles by Karen Peck & New River, The Inspirations, and Legacy Five, along with a popular song by The Steeles. That song also received a Dove Awards nomination (提名), as did “Not One Word” by The Collingsworth Family. What has changed for Jeff regarding songwriting over the last three decades? “I used to write everything alone, but now I enjoy co-writing, especially with my son, Brad.” The Steeles’ latest StowTown Records release, Be the Reason, contains multiple songs penned by the father and son, with each having an unusual feel. Perhaps this is because Brad — at age 30 — is writing as a young man from the point of looking forward, and Jeff — at age 63 — is writing from a pen of wisdom and experience. This may also be part of the reason that their songs are connecting with all of us: because we, as listeners, can benefit from both generations. 4. Who might Lionel Richie be? A. A writer. B. A friend of Jeff’s. C. A well-known musician. D. A member of The Steeles. 5. What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A. Jeff’s crucial role in his group. B. Jeff’s influence on other artists. C. Jeff’s secret to success as a singer. D. Jeff’s extraordinary achievements. 6. What is special about Be the Reason? A. It was completed by Brad himself. B. It contains a multi-generational feel. C. It displays people from all walks of life. D. It received a Dove Awards nomination. 7. Which of the following can best describe Jeff? A. Talented and devoted. B. Tough and generous. C. Scholarly and friendly. D. Ambitious and imaginative. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了Jeff Steele的音乐之旅。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“A gifted singer, Jeff began writing songs when he was in high school. “I was going to be the next Lionel Richie,” he recalls with a smile. (杰夫是个有天赋的歌手，他在高中时就开始写歌了。“我要成为下一个莱昂内尔·里奇，”他笑着回忆道)”可知Lionel Richie是一个著名的歌手。故选C项。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Throughout the 1990s, Jeff penned a string of hits for Daywind, including four No. 1 songs for The Steeles. But not only does Jeff write for his group, he also has his songs recorded by other artists that include Greater Vision, The Florida Boys, The Perrys, The Gaither Vocal Band and others. Jeff’s efforts have collected four BMI Awards for radio singles by Karen Peck & New River, The Inspirations, and Legacy Five, along with a popular song by The Steeles. That song also received a Dove Awards nomination (提名), as did “Not One Word” by The Collingsworth Family. (在整个20世纪90年代，杰夫为日风乐队创作了一系列热门歌曲，包括为钢铁乐队创作的四首冠军歌曲。但杰夫不仅为他的乐队写歌，他还为其他艺术家录制他的歌曲，包括Greater Vision， The Florida Boys, The Perrys， The Gaither Vocal Band等。杰夫的努力获得了Karen Peck & New River、The Inspirations和Legacy Five的四项BMI广播单曲奖，以及The Steeles的一首流行歌曲。这首歌也获得了鸽子奖的提名，同样获得提名的还有The Collingsworth Family的《Not One Word》)”可知，第二段主要讲了杰夫的非凡成就。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Perhaps this is because Brad - at age 30 - is writing as a young man from the point of looking forward, and Jeff - at age 63 - is writing from a pen of wisdom and experience. (也许这是因为30岁的布拉德以年轻人的眼光展望未来，而63岁的杰夫则以智慧和经验的笔触书写。)”可知，《Be the Reason》具有多代人的视角与感受。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Throughout the 1990s, Jeff penned a string of hits for Daywind, including four No. 1 songs for The Steeles. But not only does Jeff write for his group, he also has his songs recorded by other artists that include Greater Vision, The Florida Boys, The Perrys, The Gaither Vocal Band and others. Jeff’s efforts have collected four BMI Awards for radio singles by Karen Peck & New River, The Inspirations, and Legacy Five, along with a popular song by The Steeles. That song also received a Dove Awards nomination (提名), as did“Not One Word”by The Collingsworth Family. (在整个20世纪90年代，杰夫为日风乐队创作了一系列热门歌曲，包括为钢铁乐队创作的四首冠军歌曲。但杰夫不仅为他的乐队写歌，他还为其他艺术家录制他的歌曲，包括Greater Vision， The Florida Boys, The Perrys， The Gaither Vocal Band等。杰夫的努力获得了Karen Peck & New River、The Inspirations和Legacy Five的四项BMI广播单曲奖，以及The Steeles的一首流行歌曲。这首歌也获得了鸽子奖的提名，同样获得提名的还有The Collingsworth Family的《Not One Word》)”可知，短文介绍了Jeff Steele的音乐才华和他多年来在音乐创作上的付出和成功，可以描述他为才华横溢且全心投入。故选A项。 C When choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes, you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability (可靠). First of all, understanding is indeed the most important in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person’s place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener. At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices their good points. In short, a friend will try to understand me and accept me. Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble he will not run away from me. There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of hurnor. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me. When I meet someone who is reliable, honest and understanding, I know I’ve found a friend! 8. The writer thinks the most significant quality of a friend is ________. A. Honesty B. Reliability C. Being humorous D. Understanding 9. Which one may be a fair-weather friend? A. One that is always there for you. B. One that distances you when you’re poor. C. One that recognises others’ good points. D. One that enjoys the same things you enjoy. 10. How many qualities are mentioned in the passage? A. Six. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 11. What is the passage mainly about? A. The qualities of a good friend. B. The significance of having a good friend. C. The tips for getting along with a good friend. D. The good opportunities for finding a good friend. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好朋友应该具备的几种品质。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“First of all, understanding is indeed the most important in a friend.(首先，理解是一个朋友身上最重要的品质。)”可知，作者认为朋友间理解最重要。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away.(有的时候你会遇到酒肉朋友，只有你有钱或者好运，他们就会在你身边，但是如果你落魄了，他们就会逃离。)”可知，在你贫穷的时候，酒肉朋友会远离你。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“First of all, understanding is indeed the most important in a friend.(首先，理解确实是朋友之间最重要的。)”、第三段“At the same time, however, a good friend is honest.(然而，与此同时，好朋友是诚实的。)”、第四段“Another quality of a friend is reliability.(朋友的另一个品质是可靠。)”和第五段“There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun.(还有第四种品质让朋友变得特别。一个特别的朋友是我们可以一起享受乐趣的人。)”可知，文章中提到了理解、诚实、可靠和有趣这四个品质。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability. (我怎么知道什么时候找到了一个好朋友呢？我会寻找某些特定的性格品质，尤其是理解、诚实和可靠。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是一个好朋友应该具备的一些品质。故选A。 D In most cases, people pick the easiest way out: the path of least resistance. Yet, it is the hard choice — the path of most resistance — that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run. How do these paths differ? What are the dangers of an easy life? What are the rewards for a hard life? Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, without thinking about its long-term consequences. For example, you eat whatever and whenever you like. It may feel nice at first but they have a very high price — guaranteed obesity (肥胖). Most people in modern world follow this path, and this is why so many people struggle without self-control, good habits, etc. The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if it means suffering in the early stage. For example, it may cost you a lot to quit watching TV for hours. But over the long term, you’ll free up a lot of time that will lead to a more satisfying lite than that of a couch potato. At first sight, this way is unattractive. It requires effort and loss of pleasure, and leads to potential suffering. Yet, on the other side of all that lies a world of more confidence and self-control. In the end, they more than make up for the passing shallow pleasures. We’re lazy by nature. Some may point out that because of this laziness that we now enjoy so many wonders of technology that people in the past would kill to have. But ask the same individuals praising laziness if they would be happy living a life where everything is given to them the moment they think about it. They would have zero difficulties, no aims in life and no obstacle to get over and no wise human would want such an existence. 12. How does the author show the dangers of choosing the easy path? A. By asking questions. B. By giving examples. C. By giving explanations. D. By making a comparison. 13. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Watching TV for hours. B. Getting shallow pleasures. C. Having many life struggles. D. Choosing the path of most resistance. 14. Which of the following would the author agree with? A. Life is to be enjoyed, not suffered. B. There should be some challenges in life. C. Set your lite goals as early as possible. D. Good habits provide short-term pleasures. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To tell us humans are lazy by nature. B. To encourage us to take the hard path of life. C. To prove that laziness leads to wonders in life. D. To show the common lifestyles of young people. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。在大多数情况下，人们总是去选择阻力最小的道路，但从长远看来，阻力最大的道路才对你有利，也更能保证成功。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段首句“Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, without thinking about its long-term consequences.(选择阻力最小的道路意味着选择最容易的选择，而不考虑其长期后果。)”可知，第二段首先讲述了选择阻力最小的道路意味着选择最容易的道路，这样并没有考虑长远结果，接着“For example, you eat whatever and whenever you like. It may feel nice at first but they have a very high price — guaranteed obesity (肥胖). Most people in modern world follow this path, and this is why so many people struggle without self-control, good habits. etc.(例如，你想吃什么就吃什么，想什么时候吃就什么时候吃。一开始可能感觉很好，但它们的代价很高——肯定肥胖。现代世界上大多数人都走这条路，这就是为什么这么多人在没有自制力和良好习惯等的情况下挣扎。)”以吃来举例具体说明了选择容易道路的危害。故选B。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句句意“The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if it means suffering in the early stage.(阻力最大的路是关于选择将带来更多个人成长的选项，即使这意味着在早期阶段受苦。)”可知，it指代上文讲述的“选择阻力最大的路”。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They would have zero difficulties, no aims in life and no obstacle to get over and no wise human would want such an existence.(他们将没有任何困难，没有生活目标，也没有要克服的障碍，没有一个聪明的人会想要这样的生活。)”可知，作者认为没有一个聪明人想要没有困难、没有目标和没有障碍的生活，由此可推测出，作者认为生活中需要挑战。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“Yet, it is the hard choice — the path of most resistance — that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run.(然而，从长远来看，艰难的选择——阻力最大的道路——更有益，也能带来最大的成功。)”可知，作者指出只有阻力最大的道路才能给我们带来更多的益处、更大的成功，由此可推测出，作者想要鼓励我们选择生活中的艰难之路。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Have a Successful Teenage Life Everyone dreams of success in their life, don’t they? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. ___16___ ·Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. ___17___ Listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future. School sets you up on the right track! · ___18___ Volunteering can not only improve your community's status (状况), but it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression (抑郁) than people who don’t. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you. For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. ___19___ ·Be nice to your parents and teachers. Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. ___20___ You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now. These points can help you enjoy success in your teenage life. A. Live life to the fullest. B. Do good in your community. C. Try your best for excellence in school. D. Here are some tips that might be helpful. E. It will help you pass time and develop your personality. F. Helping others will make you feel better about yourself. G. Keep it in mind that they do what they do because they care about you. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何拥有一个成功的青少年生活，给出了一些有用的建议。 【16题详解】 上文“Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard.(即使是青少年，你也可以在生活中取得成功；这真的不难。)”提到青少年也可以在生活中取得成功，而且并不难。接着下一句应该给出一些具体的建议或方法，帮助青少年取得成功。选项D“这里有一些可能对你有帮助的建议”正好符合这一逻辑，承上启下，引出了下文要给出的具体建议。故选D。 【17题详解】 本段小标题为“Do well in school.(在学校表现良好。)”，选项C“在学校尽你最大的努力追求卓越”与该标题相呼应，强调了在学校要努力学习，追求卓越。同时，该选项也与下句“Listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades(听老师的话，做作业，学习，取得好成绩)”相呼应，具体描述了如何在学校表现良好。故选C。 【18题详解】 下文“Volunteering can not only improve your community’s status, but it could make you happier.(志愿服务不仅可以提高你所在社区的地位，还可以让你更快乐。)”提到了志愿服务的好处，因此本段应该围绕志愿服务展开。选项B“在你的社区做好事”正好符合这一主题。故选B。 【19题详解】 上文“Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you. For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter.(找到机会去做你感兴趣的志愿工作。例如，如果你喜欢动物，就去动物收容所做志愿者。如果你喜欢帮助环境，就种树或捡垃圾。)”提到了做志愿工作的好处和具体做法。选项F“帮助他人会让你对自己感觉更好”进一步强调了做志愿工作的好处，即帮助他人可以让自己感觉更好。故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes.(尊重他们，重视他们的意见，即使他们有时会惹你烦。)”强调了尊重父母和老师的重要性。选项G“记住，他们这么做是因为他们关心你”进一步解释了为什么要尊重父母和老师，即他们这么做是出于对你的关心。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Alejandro can’t wait to get home to dive into his candle-making business as soon as he returns home from school every day while other children play games, ____21____ their pets or watch TV. It all started when Alejandro ____22____ that commercial candles gave his mum headaches. He ____23____ there must be a way to make an all-natural candle that was ____24____. So he ____25____ into the world of wax (蜡) and found a soy-based wax that is chemical-free, and Smell of Love Candles was ____26____. Alejandro sold his candles to his neighbours at local fairs. Then his online orders began ____27____. In the fall of 2022, he opened his first retail store (零售店), becoming the ____28____ leaseholder at Tysons Corner Centre. As his candles become a much bigger ____29____, he is always experimenting with new scents (气味). His mother is ____30____ with her son and loves to spend time with him as his business grows. She says it has strengthened their ____31____ and that it’s been great to see how his mind works, ____32____, “It’s been really inspiring.” With all the ____33____ that seems to rob (剥夺) many of us of the motivation to move forward, Alejandro has chosen to ____34____ a solution that works, not only for him, but as a(n) ____35____ to others. 21. A. adopt B. choose C. walk D. abandon 22. A. discovered B. promised C. declared D. agreed 23. A. predicted B. claimed C. figured D. proved 24. A. safe B. popular C. cheap D. valuable 25. A. ran B. dug C. broke D. changed 26. A. exposed B. known C. highlighted D. born 27. A. paying off B. turning on C. coming out D. picking up 28. A. smartest B. youngest C. richest D. greatest 29. A. effect B. trend C. shock D. operation 30. A. impressed B. familiar C. strict D. concerned 31. A. hobby B. relationship C. power D. ability 32. A. shouting B. announcing C. adding D. explaining 33. A. information B. trouble C. involvement D. progress 34. A. focus on B. agree on C. depend on D. reflect on 35. A. future B. relief C. success D. inspiration 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是亚利桑德罗（Alejandro）的蜡烛创业故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alejandro每天都迫不及待地放学回家，一头扎进他的蜡烛制作生意中，而其他孩子则在玩游戏、遛宠物或看电视。A. adopt收养；B. choose选择；C. walk遛；D. abandon抛弃。根据上文“as soon as he returns home from school”和下文“their pets or watch TV”可知，此处是说的放学后的活动，包括遛宠物，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切都始于Alejandro发现商业蜡烛会让他妈妈头疼。A. discovered发现；B. promised承诺；C. declared宣布；D. agreed同意。根据下文“that commercial candles gave his mum headaches”可知，此处指他发现商业蜡烛会让他妈妈头疼这一情况。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他想一定有一种方法可以制作出一种全天然的蜡烛，这种蜡烛是安全的。A. predicted预测；B. claimed声称；C. figured认为，想出；D. proved证明。根据下文“there must be a way to make an all-natural candle”可知，此处指他的想法，他认为一定有办法制作全天然蜡烛。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他想一定有一种方法可以制作出一种全天然的蜡烛，这种蜡烛是安全的。A. safe安全的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. cheap便宜的；D. valuable有价值的。根据前文“commercial candles gave his mum headaches”以及“an all-natural candle”可知，商业蜡烛会让妈妈头疼，所以他想制作全天然的蜡烛，这种蜡烛应该是安全的，不会对妈妈造成伤害。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是他深入研究了蜡的世界，发现了一种不含化学物质的大豆基蜡，“爱的气味蜡烛”诞生了。A. ran跑；B. dug挖掘，深入研究；C. broke打破；D. changed改变。根据上文“into the world of wax”可知，此处指他深入研究蜡的世界。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是他深入研究了蜡的世界，发现了一种不含化学物质的大豆基蜡，“爱的气味蜡烛”诞生了。A. exposed暴露；B. known知道；C. highlighted突出；D. born出生，诞生。根据上文“found a soy-based wax that is chemical-free”和“Smell of Love Candles was”可知，此处指“爱的气味蜡烛”诞生了。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后他的网上订单开始增多。A. paying off还清，得到回报；B. turning on打开；C. coming out出版，出现；D. picking up增加，好转。根据上文“Then his online orders began”以及后文他开了零售店可知，此处指他的网上订单开始增多。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2022年秋天，他开了第一家零售店，成为泰森斯角中心最年轻的租户。A. smartest最聪明的；B. youngest最年轻的；C. richest最富有的；D. greatest最伟大的。根据前文可知，亚利桑德罗是一个孩子，所以此处指他成为最年轻的租户。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着他的蜡烛生意规模不断扩大，他总是不断尝试新的香味。A. effect影响；B. trend趋势；C. shock震惊；D. operation运作。根据下文“he is always experimenting with new scents”可知，他一直在尝试新的气味，说明他的蜡烛生意规模不断扩大，空格处意为“运作”。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲对儿子印象深刻，并且喜欢随着儿子生意的发展和他共度时光。A. impressed印象深刻的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. strict严格的；D. concerned关心的。根据下文“loves to spend time with him as his business grows”可知，母亲喜欢和儿子共度时光，说明她对儿子印象深刻。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说这加强了他们之间的关系，看到儿子的思维方式很棒，还补充说：“这真的很鼓舞人心。”A. hobby爱好；B. relationship关系；C. power力量；D. ability能力。根据下文“it’s been great to see how his mind works”以及前文母亲喜欢和儿子共度时光可知，此处指这加强了他们之间的关系。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说这加强了他们之间的关系，看到儿子的思维方式很棒，还补充说：“这真的很鼓舞人心。”A. shouting喊叫；B. announcing宣布；C. adding补充说；D. explaining解释。根据上文“says it has strengthened their ____ and that it’s been great to see how his mind works”和下文“It’s been really inspiring.”可知，这是母亲补充说的话。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在种种似乎剥夺了我们许多人前进动力的困境面前，Alejandro选择专注于一种切实可行的解决办法，这不仅适用于他自己，也能激励他人。A. information信息；B. trouble麻烦；C. involvement参与；D. progress进步。根据下文“that seems to rob (剥夺) many of us of the motivation to move forward”可知，此处指剥夺我们前进动力的麻烦。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在种种似乎剥夺了我们许多人前进动力的困境面前，Alejandro选择专注于一种切实可行的解决办法，这不仅适用于他自己，也能激励他人。A. focus on集中于；B. agree on就……达成一致；C. depend on依靠；D. reflect on反思。根据下文“a solution that works”可知，此处指专注于找到一个有效的解决方案。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在种种似乎剥夺了我们许多人前进动力的困境面前，Alejandro选择专注于一种切实可行的解决办法，这不仅适用于他自己，也能激励他人。A. future未来；B. relief缓解；C. success成功；D. inspiration激励。根据上文“not only for him, but as a(n) ___ to others”以及前文母亲说的话“It’s been really inspiring.”可知，此处指他的做法对其他人也是一种激励。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the ____36____ (large) rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight ____37____ (country), including Brazil and Peru, on the South American continent. The Amazon River, from ____38____ the rainforest gets its name, is about 6,400 kilometres in length. Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can ____39____ (find) in the Amazon. The forest’s different levels provide food and shelter ____40____ an unbelievable variety of wildlife. Apart from the plants, there ____41____ (be)more than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals which hide among the jungle’s plant life. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and ____42____ (produce) over 20 percent of all the Earth’s oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. However, over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest ____43____ (disappear) due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues ____44____ (grow) and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage ____45____ “lungs of the planet”? 【答案】36. largest 37. countries 38. which 39. be found 40. for 41. are 42. producing 43. has disappeared 44. to grow 45. the 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了亚马逊雨林作为世界上最大的雨林，在维持地球生态系统平衡方面发挥着重要作用，介绍了其地理位置、生物多样性以及因人类活动而面临的消失危机。 【36题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：作为世界上最大的雨林，亚马逊雨林在维持地球生态系统的微妙平衡方面发挥着重要作用。根据“in the world”这一范围限定以及定冠词the可知，此处表示在世界范围内的比较，应用形容词large的最高级形式。 【37题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：亚马逊雨林横跨南美洲的八个国家，包括巴西和秘鲁。根据空前的基数词eight可知，此处应用可数名词country的复数形式。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：亚马逊河——雨林由此得名——全长约6400公里。分析句子结构可知，此处为介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为The Amazon River，指物，关系代词应用which。 【39题详解】 考查动词的被动语态。句意：在我们已知的39万种植物中，超过4万种可以在亚马逊找到。主语more than 40,000与动词find之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词can，故应用含有情态动词的被动语态结构can be done。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：森林的不同层次为种类繁多的野生动物提供了食物和庇护所。provide sth. for sb./sth.为固定搭配，意为“为……提供……”。 【41题详解】 考查动词的主谓一致和时态。句意：除了植物，还有1300多种鸟类和400多种哺乳动物隐藏在丛林的植物中。本句为there be句型，主语为more than 1,300 species of birds，为复数概念，且全文时态为一般现在时，be动词用are。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：亚马逊雨林通过固碳和产生地球上20%以上的氧气为地球注入生机。分析句子结构可知，此处与fixing carbon并列，作介词by的宾语，应用动名词形式。 【43题详解】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在过去50年里，由于农业和养牛等人类活动，约17%的雨林已经消失。根据时间状语“over the past 50 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语about 17 per cent of the rainforest中rainforest为不可数名词，谓语用has disappeared。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着人类活动影响的持续扩大，濒危物种名单越来越长，我们面临一个问题：我们能承受破坏“地球之肺”的代价吗？continue to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，本空用不定式to grow作宾语。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：随着人类活动影响的持续扩大，濒危物种名单越来越长，我们面临一个问题：我们能承受破坏“地球之肺”的代价吗？根据上文“Thus, it is often known as the ‘lungs of the planet’.”可知，此处为特指上文提到的“地球之肺”，应用定冠词the。 第四部分 写作（满分20分） 46. 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦作为交换生学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请(apply for)做志愿者，内容包括： 1．写信目的：2．个人优势：3．能做的事情。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 3.结束语已为你写好。 Dear Sir/Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation. I’m delighted to learn that volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held in the local art gallery. Now I’m writing to apply for the position. The reasons for my application are as follows. First of all, having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with others in English. What’s more, years of being monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help a lot to keep the exhibition in order. The most important factor is that my related knowledge will undoubtedly help the audience learn more about the unique Chinese art form. All in all, my sense of responsibility will make me a qualified volunteer. I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求以李华身份写申请信，申请成为当地美术馆中国画展的志愿者，需涵盖写信目的、个人优势及能做之事。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→more than happy 需要：want→need/require 因素：factor→element 无疑地：undoubtedly→certainly 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：First of all, having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with others in English. 拓展句：First of all, because I have been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with others in English. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m delighted to learn that volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held in the local art gallery.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及动词不定式的被动形式作后置定语，修饰exhibition） 【高分句型2】What’s more, years of being monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help a lot to keep the exhibition in order.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $