Unit 1 Science Fiction Review Useful Structures 被动语态课件-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

该高中英语课件聚焦人教版选择性必修第四册Unit 1“Science Fiction”的词汇积累与被动语态复习，通过词汇匹配、替换练习及语篇填空导入，搭建从词汇理解到语法应用的学习支架，衔接自然。 其亮点是以科幻主题为载体，通过多样化词汇练习（如匹配、替换）和系统语法梳理（结构表格、时态例句、即时训练），培养语言能力与思维品质。作业设计兼顾巩固与预习，助力学生灵活运用知识，教师可高效开展教学。

Build up your vocabulary & Review useful structures Learning About Language UNIT 1 Science Fiction 人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册 Contents 课件目录 4 3 2 5 1 课前三分钟 词汇学习 Vocabulary Lead in Review useful structures Summarizing Homework 6 Build up your vocabulary Enable the students to use the relevant grammar flexibly and authentically in the real situation. Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures—focusing on the review of the passive voice. 02 01 03 Learning Objectives A. 被指控犯有……罪 B.把……和……匹配 C.意识到;知道 D. 相似含义 E.额外数量 F.除非另有证明 G. 传播消息 Match the vocabulary on the left with the Chinese meaning on the right. similar meanings be aware of spread the news be charged with until proven otherwise match...with... extra amount Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing A. 测试;试验 B.消除恐惧 C. 区分……和…… D.揭露危险 E. 先进的人工智能机器人 F.处理任务 G. 对……的主要威胁 H. 就……分享观点 Match the vocabulary on the left with the Chinese meaning on the right. share opinion on distinguish between test out advanced AI robot uncover a danger major threat to dismiss the fear handle tasks Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing Build up your vocabulary Replace the underlined parts with words of similar meanings from the text. Rewrite the sentences if necessary. 1 1. We believe he is a man of absolute honesty, and trust his words completely. 2. Henry told me that he was in a hurry as he had arranged to see the dentist at 10:00 a.m. 3. Rumours are like sharp knives, cutting one’s self-respect into pieces. We should be aware of this and not spread unkind news around. 4. Because of the holiday, the students were allowed to go home early. 5. Whoever is charged with a crime should be presumed innocent until proven otherwise. integrity had an appointment with dignity were dismissed not guilty Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing Match each word with the proper definition below. 2 1 income 2 fee 3 fare 4 payment 5 salary 6 bonus 7 saving 8 wage A money that someone is paid regularly, usually monthly, by the organisation he or she is working for B money given for work done, goods received, etc. C money paid for work or services, typically on a daily or weekly basis D extra amount of money added to somebody’s wages as a reward for hard work or good performance E money received from work, investments and so on F money paid to a professional person or organisation for advice or services G money paid for a journey on public transport, such as the bus, train, or taxi H money saved for a special purpose Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box. Then in pairs share your opinion on AI development. 3 fascinating test out dismiss science fiction more like dignity intelligent It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and _ in the future. For example, robots first appeared in sci-fi novels, but now robot soldiers have already been _ in war. Robot experts have also built robots that can see, talk, and do other things like humans. Although a robot that looks _ a human than a machine could make many people a bit uncomfortable, we have to admit that it is a _ possibility. Sophia, currently said to be the most advanced AI robot in the world, is a great example. She has been interviewed many times, science fiction tested out more like fascinating Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box. Then in pairs share your opinion on AI development. 3 appeared on the covers of magazines, and become the first non-human in the world to be given citizenship by a country. When it comes to games, 2017 became a year in which AI defeated humans in so many games that AI researchers say that it will not be long before AI can win at almost everything. So have we lost the _ of being the most intelligent creature? Maybe in the future, as AI becomes even more _, it will become a major threat to humans. However, some people _ this fear. They believe if AI can handle tasks like calculating and driving for us, we will have more time for creating, thinking, and “being human”. fascinating test out dismiss science fiction more like dignity intelligent dignity intelligent dismiss Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing Review useful structures —Review of the passive voice Passive Voice—Master Tang was caught Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing Task:What had happened? Why did they get annoyed? Master Tang was caught (by a monster). What had happened? Why did they get annoyed? 承受者 The definition of Passive Voice 定义:主语与谓语是被动关系的句子。 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 执行者 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 【思维导图】 2. 语态概述 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示句子主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示句子主语是动作的承受者。被动语态的句子谓语动词的形式是“be+动词的过去分词”。一般来讲,只有及物动词才有被动语态。有时被动语态中动作的执行者用by短语表示出来。 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 基本结构 被动语态的用法 1. 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时。 2. 强调动作的承受者时,需要说出动作的执行者,用by短语表示出来。 3. 出于礼貌避免说出动作的执行者时。 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 阅读以下短文,感知加颜色部分并完成练习 Are you ready to get fit? We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Center will soon be open to the public once again. Our facilities ①have been enlarged and redone, and our center is now bigger and better than ever before. The finishing touches ②are now being put to a new swimming pool and our workout rooms ③will have been updated with modern equipment by the end of this month. Come by and check them out! Better still, we will update our fitness courses every few months so that more popular courses can be included. Weight training classes, for example,④are being designed and ⑤will be added to our programme soon. We will invite professional athletes to be our coaches. We are confident that we have something for everyone. Looking forward to seeing you here! Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 以上加颜色部分均使用了 语态,其中句 是现在完成时的被动语态,其构成是_ ; 句_ 和 是现在进行时的被动语态,其构成是 ;句 是将来完成时的被动语态,其构成是 _ ;句 是一般将来时的被动语态,其构成是 。 被动 ① have/has been done ② ④ am/is/are being done ③ will/shall have been done ⑤ will/shall be done 被动语态的基本结构 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/have been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done — shall/will have been done 过去将来 should/would be done — should/would have been done Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are done These electric devices are examined and fixed on a monthly basis. 这些电器每月都被检修。 一般过去时的被动语态 was/were done The science fiction novel was published in 2016. 这部科幻小说于2016年出版。 一般将来时的被动语态 shall/will be done The new type of robot will be tested out by some restaurants near the company. 这种新型机器人将会被公司附近的一些餐馆测试。 现在进行时的被动语态am/is/are being done Many animals are being killed and their habitats are being damaged. 许多动物正在被杀害,而且它们的栖息地正在遭到破坏。 经典例句 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 过去进行时的被动语态was/were being done When I arrived at the garage, my car was still being repaired. 当我到达汽车修理厂的时候,我的汽车仍在修理中。 过去将来时的被动语态should/would be done The manager said Tom would be dismissed. 经理说汤姆会被解雇。 现在完成时的被动语态has/have been done The book has been translated into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973. 这本书自1973年上市以来已被译成30种语言。 过去完成时的被动语态had been done The chairwoman said she had been invited to the party. 女主席说她已经收到晚会的邀请。 将来完成时的被动语态shall/will have been done The project will have been finished by the end of next month. 到下个月末,这项工程将已完成。 经典例句 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing [即时训练1] 单句语法填空 ①The meeting (put) off for some reason and we will hold the meeting next Monday. ②A special class to help poor readers (set) up by an expert in the school last month. ③Everyone’s pay (increase) next year by 10 percent. ④It is the first time that the actor’s performance _(recognize) by the director. ⑤I have to take a taxi because my car (fix) in the garage. has been put was set will be increased has been recognized is being fixed 【名师点津】(解题技巧) 1.判断主语是动作发出者还是动作承受者; 2.判断语句中的时态(tense); 3.注意过去分词拼写正确; 4.注意主谓一致(判断主语的单复数) Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题 1. 否定词not的位置:在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。 The boy breathed a sigh of relief when hearing that he wouldn’t be dismissed. 当听说他不会被开除时,这个男孩松了口气。 2.主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时,变被动句时应将宾语变成被动句的主语,而 将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。 (1)We saw him sitting there without doing anything. He was seen sitting there without doing anything by us. 我们看见他坐在那儿,什么也没做。 (2)His words made me throw up. 他的话令我作呕。 I was made to throw up by his words. [点津]在主动语态中,make,hear,see等词后接不定式作宾补时要省略to,但转换 为被动语态时,则不能省略to。 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 3.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时,可将表示物的(直接)宾语变为 主语,用for或to引出表示人的(间接)宾语,或将表示人的(间接)宾语变为主语。 My father is telling me an interesting story now. An interesting story is being told to me by my father now. I’m being told an interesting story by my father now. 我爸爸现在正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。 4.动词短语是一个整体,在主动语态或被动语态中都不可去掉后面的介词或副词。 Kids in the kindergarten are being taken good care of. 幼儿园的孩子们被照顾得很好。 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 5.主动形式表示被动意义 (1)连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, seem, appear, prove等)后接表语时,一 般用主动形式表示被动意义。 The idea sounds great. 这个主意听起来棒极了。 The popcorn they made looked wonderful and tasted delicious. 他们做的爆米花看起来棒极了,吃起来也很美味。 (2)当wash, write, sell, open, close, shut, lock, cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily, well 等)时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long. 这种布料很容易洗,并且耐穿。 The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly. 父亲给我作为生日礼物的钢笔写起来很流畅。 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing (3)need,want,require,deserve等+doing用主动形式表示被动意义。 His hair needs cutting. His hair needs to be cut. 他的头发需要剪了。 (4)be worth doing be worthy to be done主动形式表示被动意义。 The novel is worth reading again. The novel is worthy to be read again. 这部小说值得再读一次。 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing [即时训练2] 完成句子 ①有人看见这个男士进了一家餐馆。 The man . ②她不被允许在花园里玩,也不被允许从图书馆借书。 She or borrow books from the library. ③我不许别人这样跟我说话。 I like that. ④这个博物馆值得再次参观。 The museum is worth . was seen to enter a restaurant was not allowed/permitted to play in the garden will not be spoken to visiting again Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 1. I am very happy to be thus praised. 我非常高兴受到如此褒奖。 The magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the library. 不允许把这些杂志带出图书馆。 The room seems to have been broken into. 似乎有人闯进过这个房间。 I am proud to have been admitted to Peking University. 我很自豪已被北京大学录取。 [总结]动词不定式的被动语态由“to+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。当动词不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时,要用动词不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动式只有一般式(to be done)和完成式(to have been done)。 动词不定式的被动语态 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 2. 动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的情况 (1)不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系。 Before the end of the meeting, I have something important to declare. 会议结束之前,我有很重要的事情要宣布。 There is so much homework to do every day,which almost drives me mad. 每天有那么多家庭作业要做,这几乎让我发疯。 (2)动词不定式跟在性质形容词(difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, good等)后, 与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系时(构成sb/sth be+adj.+to do)。 Our headmaster looks hard to get close to, but in fact he is easy to get along with. 我们校长看起来很难接近,但实际上他很容易相处。 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing (3)“疑问词+to do”结构 With so many books at hand,Tom had no idea which to read first. 手上有那么多的书,汤姆不知道先读哪一本。 (4)某些动词,如blame,let(出租)等的不定式用在be后作表语时,用主 动形式表示被动意义。 The apartment is to let. 此公寓出租。 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing [即时训练3] ①We have four reading passages (complete) in the coming vacation. ②The old man found the computer was difficult (operate). ③I expected (inform) of the changes in the schedule. ④It turned out that he was (blame) for the accident. ⑤The villager will show you the secret path (take). to complete to operate to be informed to blame to take 返 回 Vocabulary Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing Homework Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing Homework 语法达标测验 .单句语法填空 1.It (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored. 2.The water (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 3.The median(中间值的) age of an American in 1950 was 30—today it is 41 and (expect) to increase to 42 by 2050. 4.They are living with their parents because their own house _ _(decorate). was built felt is expected is being decorated Homework Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 5.Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations _ (employ) only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area. 6.Anyone who has helped to save the drowning girl is worth _ (praise). 7.Jones got the idea after he had talked with a saleswoman who _ _(cheat) of her money. 8.Food supplies in the flood-stricken area (run) out. We must take action immediately. have been employed praising had been cheated are running Homework Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing 9.After he took over the company, he decided to have more workers for the project so that it won’t (delay). 10.In her speech, the chairwoman stresses that no problem here is difficult (work) out, if we think carefully enough. be delayed to work Homework Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing .完成下列语段,尽可能多地使用被动语态 The Wandering Earth is a science fiction novel which 1._ _(由刘慈欣所写).It 2. (被认为是) one of the best science fiction stories.After the novel 3. (被出版),it drew wide attention.The story of the novel 4. (基于科学),imagination and personal experiences.The novel 5._ _(已被翻译成许多种语言) so far.Now it 6._ _(正被全世界的人们阅读) and it 7._ _(将被后代珍惜). Liu Cixin is considered as was published is based on science has been translated into many languages is being read by people all over the world will be treasured by future generations Homework Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing is written by 1. Complete the exercises of the exercise book. 2. Preview pages 6 to 9 of Unit 1. Homework Lead in Build up your vocabulary Review useful structures Summarizing THE END 谢谢 $