Unit 1 When was he born单元语法聚焦-【练测考】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语（鲁教版五四制）

Lian Ce Kao wrote many plays,novels and short stories.He was named“the People's Artist'”and“the Great Master of Language".He was one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century. In Lao She Teahouse today,waiters bring tea to the customers and sell them delicious Chinese food.If you like Beijing Opera,folk(民间的) music,acrobatics(杂技)or magic shows,you can enjoy them in the teahouse.Lao She Teahouse gives a wonderful welcome to everyone from China and from all over the world. 1.How many years of life in China are shown in the play Teahouse? A.57 years. B.45 years. C.98 years. D.47 years. 2.When does Wang Lifa lose the teahouse? A.In1898 B.In1916. C.In1945. D.After 1945. 单元语法 一、一般过去时的被动语态 1.被动语态的含义 被动语态是指主语是动作的承受者。 2.一般过去时的被动语态的构成为“was/were+及 物动词的过去分词”，其句式结构如下： 主语+was/were+过去分词(+by+动作执行 肯定句 者+其他 主语+was/were not+-过去分词(+by+动作执 否定句 行者+其他 一般疑 Was/Were+主语+过去分词(+by+动作执行 问句 者+其他？ 特殊疑 特殊疑问词+was/were(+主语)+过去分词 问句 (+by+动作执行者+其他？ Printing was invented in China. 印刷术是在中国发明的。 Learn to walk before you Unit 1 3.Lao She was all of the following except A.a boss of the teahouse B.the People's Artist C.the Great Master of Language D.one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century 4.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A.Lao She. B.Lao She Teahouse. C.The story of the teahouse. D.The play Teahouse. 5.Who are welcome to Lao She Teahouse today? A.Only Chinese customers. B.Only foreign customers. C.Only the Beijing Opera audience. D.Every customer from home and abroad. 聚焦 答案：P1 The injured weren't allowed to go home after treatment..伤者在接受治疗后没有获准回家。 Was he encouraged by his teacher yesterday? 他昨天被老师鼓励了吗？ When was paper invented? 纸是什么时候发明的？ 二、when引导的时间状语从句 when意为“当…时”，引导时间状语从句。 从句谓语动词可以是短暂性动词，表示某一时 刻的动作；也可以是延续性动词，从句常用过 去进行时表示某一时间段内发生的动作。 1.主句一般过去时+从句一般过去时 I started my dinner when he left. 他走了之后，我才开始吃晚饭。 2.主句一般过去时+从句过去进行时 The doorbell rang when I was telephoning. 门铃响的时候，我正在打电话。 un.循序渐进。 7 鲁教版·英语（八年级下册） 3.主句过去进行时+从句一般过去时(when强 调短暂动作) I was telephoning when the doorbell rang. 当时我正在打电话，突然门铃响了。 4.主句一般将来时+从句一般现在时（主将 从现) I will speak to him when he arrives. 等他到了，我要和他说话。 三、when,how long引导的特殊疑问句 when与how long 用作疑问副词，意为“什么时候； 何时”，用来询问事情发生的时间 When was Ma Ling born? when 马玲是什么时候出生的： On October 20th,1988. 在1988年10月20日。 ①意为“多长时间”，常用来询问时间段，常 用“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”来回答 -How long have you lived in Beijing? how 你在北京住了多久？ long Since 2022. 自从2022年 ②意为“多长”，用来提问物体的长度 一How long is the Yellow River?黄河有多长？ It's 5,464 kilometers long 它长5464千米。 。语法专练· I.选用when或how long完成下列句子 1. did the online concert begin? -You didn't miss anything.It has just begun. 2.The summer vacation is coming.Don't swim in the lake,especially you are alone. 3. I meet my friends,I always try my best to be on time. 4.- have you been in Beijing? -For two weeks.And I went to the Great Wall. 5.-Mr.Smith, is the new bridge? -Oh,let me see!It's about 800 metres. Ⅱ.根据情景或汉语意思完成或翻译句子 1.A: B:In the 1900s. A friend is a secor Lian Ce Kao 2.A: B:An American engineer. 3.他多大的时候写完他的第一本小说？ 4.1918年，鲁迅的第一部短篇小说出版了。 5.据说茶在大约5000年之前第一次被饮用。 Ⅲ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Confucius is the greatest teacher in Chinese history.He was 1. (bear)on September 28th,551 BC in the Kingdom of Lu,in today's Shandong Province.2. he was young, he and his mother had a hard life.At the age of thirty,he became a teacher.A school was 3. start )by him.He believed everyone should have a chance to get education whether he was rich or poor.He didn't care how 4. money his students gave him.You may ask,“How5. students had he taught?"Well,he had about 3,000 students and many of them became famous. Confucius 6. （consider)as the greatest thinker who had many wise ideas about humans,nature and behavior.And he is also 个 regard)as the greatest teacher.His most important ideas are about kindness and good manners.He said the old should be 8. (take)care of by the young people.People should not only always think of themselves,but work for others.His ideas are around in people's everyday life.Today the ideas can still be 9. (hear)in many places,and they even go far into east and south Asia. Do you know how 10. he has taught?Almost all his life! d self..朋友是另一个自我。Unit 1 Section A 考点11.with;into/in2.in 3.Which month were Tom and Lucy born in? 4.The player was born on August 1st,1989. 考点21.for2.admire her for 考点31.opening2.trying every means to come 3.to solve 考点41.besides2.except 考点51.so;that2.not;enough3.toty 4.It's never too late to improve your eating habits. Section A I.1.swimmers 2.ice 3.paint 4.admires 5.works 6.published 7.novel 8.perform 9.National 10.besides I.1.was born 2.real 3.practicing/to practice 4.works 5.to go 6.swimmer 7.guys 8.was made 9.spiritual 10.to protect III.1.in 2.about;with 3.As/Because 4.besides 5.in IV.1.tennis player;hit 2.I wonder if/whether he loves English. 3.were born on 4.dropped out 5.try;means 6.get in/into trouble 7.Call on;to join 8.was made into;named after 9.When was the famous writer born? 10.How long have you been married? V,【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了清代女科学家王贞 仪的故事。 1.A根据语境可知，此处是指人们之前不认识 王贞仪，直到她被节目介绍后才知晓。 2.B根据下文“read a lot about astronomy”“she did some experiments"以及“She helped make science available to more people..”可知，她研究 天文学、做实验和传播科学知识，这符合“科学 家”的身份。 3.D根据上下文语境可知，“girls could not go to school”与“her father and grandfather thought girls should share the same chance with boys'”是转折 关系，应用but连接句子。 4.C根据上文“her father and grandfather thought girls should share the same chance with boys" 知，她的家人支持她受教育，因此这里是指她 的家人鼓励她读书。 5.B主语是“Wang Zhenyi”(女性)，且她无法上 学，只能在家中自学，应用herself。 6.D根据空后“the stars to tell what was going to happen”可知，此处是指人们指望星星预示将要 发生的事。expect sb./sth.to do sth.“期待某 人/某物做某事”，为固定搭配。 7.B根据下文“lunar eclipses'”可知，此处是指月 食等现象在当时被认为是“异常”天象。 8.A根据下文“She believed in facts.”可知，人 们认为月食是厄运象征，而她相信事实，前后 形成“不同”观点。 9.B根据上文“she did some experiments'”可知， 她做实验的目的是展示月食“发生”的原理， happens符合语境；另外，月食的发生规律是客 观真理、自然现象的永恒规律，时态应用一般 现在时。 l0.A根据下文“people could understand science more easily'”可知，人们更容易理解科学，因此 这里是指她用简单的方式解释复杂的概念。 Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了老舍的剧作《茶馆》 的时间跨度、主要情节，以及老舍本人的生平和 成就，并介绍了现在“老舍茶馆”的经营情况。 1.D数字计算题。根据第一段中“The play shows the lives of common people in China between1898and1945.”可知，该剧展示了 1898年至1945年间中国普通人的生活，共 47年。 2.D细节理解题。根据第二段中“it brings the audience to the end of the Anti-Japanese War,in 1945.After the war,Wang loses the teahouse and dies”可知，王利发在战后失去了茶馆，即1945 年后。 3.A细节理解题。根据第三段中“He was named‘the People's Artist'and‘the Great Master of Language'.He was one of the greatest Chinese writers of the20 th century.”可知，老舍 是“人民艺术家”“语言大师”和20世纪最伟大 的中国作家之一，但文中未提及他是茶馆 老板。 4.B段落大意题。第四段主要介绍了“老舍茶 馆”现在的经营情况，包括提供茶饮、美食和各 种表演，欢迎来自中国和世界各地的顾客。 5.D细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Lao She Teahouse gives a wonderful welcome to everyone from China and from all over the world..”可知，老 舍茶馆欢迎来自中国和世界各地的每一位 顾客。 单元语法聚焦 I.1.When 2.when 3.When 4.How long 5.how long II.1.When was the computer invented? 2.Who/Whom was the zipper invented by?/By whom was the zipper invented? 3.How old was he when he finished (writing)his first novel? 4.Lu Xun's first short novel was published in 1918. 5.It's said that tea was drunk for the first time about 5,000 years ago. Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文介绍了孔子的生平。 1.born 2.When 3.started 4.much 5.many 6.is considered 7.regarded 8.taken 9.heard 10.long Section B 考点11.lover;loves;:lovely 2.loving;fell in love with 考点21.grow2.standing 3.What did;hear;doing 考点31.to2.of 3.She is kind to her classmates,so she gets on/along well with them. Section B I.1.listener 2.kind 3.loving 4.grandson 5.skating 6.enter II.1.reading 2.working 3.lover 4.poet;poems 5.crying 6.dropped 7.seriously 8.broke 9.entered 10.born III.1.traveled around 2.reading;than 3.seriously ill 4.such as 5.continued to 6.touch;hearts 7.enter;room 8.includes;parts 9.The Great Wall is one of the most famous places in China. 10.Many people felt very sad when the music group broke up. IV.1.on 2.musician 3.began 4.best 5.touch 6.later 7.for 8.health 9.writing 10.to V.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了中国伟大科学家黄 旭华的生平事迹。 1-5 BEFCA Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了中国著名的艺术家 吴道子的生平。 1.his 2.child 3.hard 4.at 5.traveled/travelled 6.years 7.turn 8.and 9.more 10.considered I.【语篇解读】本文是主持人对《哪吒之魔童降世》 的导演饺子进行的访谈。 1.It took five years to complete the movie. 2.Its cool fight scenes,funny plots and vivid characters make the animated movie popular among people of all ages. 3.They learned new software skills and tested and changed details repeatedly. 4.To let fans enjoy fresh and exciting stories and animation./Jokelate keeps breaking the limits of animation and storytelling so that fans can enjoy something fresh and exciting. 5.Persistence they worked for five years )and attention to details(tested effects many times). (答案合理即可) 阅读素养提升 I.【语篇解读】本文讲述了AI公司DeepSeek创始人 梁文峰的个人经历及其公司的成就。 L.B根据“He founded DeepSeek,an AI company that has made a great..to the world.”可知，此 处应用短语make a difference“起作用，有影 响”，表示DeepSeek这家公司对世界有巨大 影响。 2.D根据下文“..got into Zhejiang University, where he got both his bachelor's and master's degrees.·.”推测，他能在计算机领域深耕，说 明他是有天赋的。 3.A根据上文“he showed great..in math and computers”可知，他在数学和计算机方面有天 赋，大学应该会选择计算机方面的专业。 4.C根据上文“Liang Wenfeng began working in banking and money-related jobs..”和下文“He put a lot of effort and money into...AI technologies." 可知，梁文峰以前从事银行和货币相关的工 作，后来从事科技工作，说明他做出了改变。 5.C根据上文“He founded DeepSeek”可知，他 创立了DeepSeek这个公司。 6.B根据下文“DeepSeek's goal is to..AI models that can compete with the best in the world.”可推 测，他想让DeepSeek成为世界顶尖水平，应该 要靠自主研发。 7.C根据空后“AI models'”可知，此处指创造AI 模型。 8.B根据空后“different kinds of questions'”可知， 此处指回答问题。 9.D根据空前“these models don't cost much”可 知，模型物美价廉，应该会变得受欢迎。 l0.B根据上文“And it has achieved great success..”可知，DeepSeek取得了巨大的成功。 Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了快递员万海波因其 出色的快递工作和积极的志愿活动被授予全国 劳动模范称号，他不仅在工作中克服困难、高效 完成任务，还热心帮助他人并积极参与社区志愿 服务。 1.B细节理解题。根据第一段中“Wan Haibo,a 43-year-old deliveryman,was honored as a national model worker on April 28,2025 in Beijing.”可知，万海波被授予全国劳动模范 称号。 2.A词义猜测题。根据画线词后“experiencing sunburn and wind.I thought about stopping,but finally got through the difficulties'”可知，这份工 作要经历风吹日晒，很辛苦。他想过放弃，但 最终克服了困难。由此可猜测，这份工作是辛 苦的，laborious意为“辛苦的”，与hard意思