摘要:
**基本信息**
小学英语词汇专题试卷,汇编浙江多地期末真题,聚焦形容词比较级、动词过去式等核心词汇及变形规则,通过分类、填空等题型实现基础巩固与规则应用,适配六年级期末复习需求。
**题型特征**
|题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色|
|----|----|----------|----------|
|同类单词选择|5题|时间词(yesterday)、情绪词(afraid)|立足真题,考查词汇范畴归类能力|
|单词归类|6题|星期(Sunday)、家电(TV)|结合生活场景,强化词汇逻辑分类|
|填空|13题|比较级(taller)、过去式(ice-skated)|图文结合,注重词汇在语境中的应用|
|语音辨析|5题|发音规则(use/box)|关联语音知识,提升词汇综合能力|
|短文选词填空|4篇|动词时态(was/played)、形容词比较级(stronger)|创设真实情境(警察犬、嫦娥故事),考查词汇灵活运用|
内容正文:
专题03 词汇
· 内容导航 ·
01词汇必备知识 02 真题汇编练习
词汇必备知识
一、形容词/副词比较级
1.基础比较级:taller(更高的)、shorter(更矮的/更短的)、longer(更长的)、younger(更年轻的)、older(更年长的)
2.特殊变形比较级:thinner(更瘦的)、heavier(更重的)、bigger(更大的)、smaller(更小的)、stronger(更强壮的)
3.拓展比较级:lower(更低的)、smarter(更聪明的)、faster(更快的)、better(更好的)
二、动词过去式
1.规则过去式
cleaned打扫、stayed(停留)、washed(洗)、watched(看)、drank(喝)、fixed(修理)
2.不规则过去式(必背)
go→went(去)、see→saw(看见)、eat→ate(吃)、take→took(拍照)、buy→bought(买)、fall→fell(摔倒)、hurt→hurt(受伤)、sleep→slept(睡觉)、read→read(读)、have→had(患病/有)、ride→rode(骑)
三、核心名词/场所/活动词汇
1.事物/度量:dinosaur(恐龙)、metre(米)、kilogram(千克)、shadow(影子)、magazine(杂志)、hotel(旅馆)、gift(礼物)
2.场所类:dining hall(饭厅)、gym(体育馆)、grass(草坪)
3.活动短语:go cycling(去骑自行车)、ice-skate(滑冰)、play badminton(打羽毛球)up(查阅)
二、词汇变形核心规则
(一)形容词比较级变化规则
1.一般情况:直接加-er → tall→taller
2.重读闭音节(辅+元+辅结构):双写尾字母加-er → thin→thinner、big→bigger
3.辅音字母+y结尾:变y为i加-er → heavy→heavier
4.以e结尾:直接加-r → nice→nicer(拓展)
(二)动词过去式变化规则
1.规则变化
•一般动词:直接加-ed → clean→cleaned
•以e结尾:直接加-d → live→lived
•重读闭音节:双写尾字母加-ed → stop→stopped
•辅音+y结尾:变y为i加-ed → cry→cried
2.不规则变化:无固定规则,牢记教材不规则动词表
2.重读闭音节(辅+元+辅结构):双写尾字母加-er → thin→thinner、big→bigger
3.辅音字母+y结尾:变y为i加-er → heavy→heavier
4.以e结尾:直接加-r → nice→nicer(拓展)
(二)动词过去式变化规则
1.规则变化
•一般动词:直接加-ed → clean→cleaned
•以e结尾:直接加-d → live→lived
•重读闭音节:双写尾字母加-ed → stop→stopped
•辅音+y结尾:变y为i加-ed → cry→cried
2.不规则变化:无固定规则,牢记教材不规则动词表
真题汇编练习
1、 (24-25六年级下·浙江嘉兴·期末)读单词,根据意义范畴找出同类单词的选项,将字母标号填在横线上。
A.chopsticks B.saw C.yesterday D.secretary E. afraid
1.tonight tomorrow _______
2.angry worried _______
3.ate slept _______
4.scientist farmer _______
5.fork knife _______
2、 (23-24六年级下·浙江温州·期末)理解单词意思,将下列单词正确归类。
A.TV B.white C.Sunday D.speak English E. bathroom F. cousin
6.Monday Friday _______
7.fridge phone _______
8.uncle aunt _______
9.green black _______
10.kitchen bedroom _______
11.sing songs draw cartoons _______
3、 (23-24六年级下·浙江·期末)从旅行手账中找出与例词同类的单词,并写在横线上。
12.yesterday one year ago ______________
13.bookstore school ______________
14.uncle brother ______________
15.on foot by ship ______________
16.sad worried ______________
17.washed clothes took pictures ______________
4、 根据所给图片、首字母或上下文提示填空。
18.(22-23六年级下·浙江宁波·期末)Look! Tim is than Sam.
19.(22-23六年级下·浙江宁波·期末)Jack last Sunday.
20.(22-23六年级下·浙江宁波·期末)Don’t walk on the .
21.(22-23六年级下·浙江宁波·期末)There so many in the basket.
22.(22-23六年级下·浙江嘉兴·期末)—What did you do last winter vacation?
—I went to Harbin and .
23.(24-25六年级下·浙江杭州·期末)—Do you know h ?
—Yes, he is Mr Smith.
24.(24-25六年级下·浙江杭州·期末)—How o are you?
—I’m twelve.
25.(22-23六年级下·浙江杭州·期末)We went to the cinema and a there.
26.(22-23六年级下·浙江湖州·期末)I love to , so I like winter.
27.(22-23六年级下·浙江台州·期末)Mr Jones went f in a nature park last weekend.
28.(23-24六年级下·浙江金华·期末)Dad, this dinosaur isn’t tall! I’m than this one.
29.(22-23六年级下·浙江台州·期末)Tim c his room yesterday.
30.(22-23六年级下·浙江湖州·期末)The hen is than the duck.
5、 (22-23六年级下·浙江温州·期末)语音辨析。根据发音规则,选择正确的选项。
A.box B.long C.use D.days E. balloons
1.Excuse me! Can І your pencil to draw the mule?
2.You can see an orange and a hot dog on the .
3.The girl with hair can sing songs well.
4.Oh no! There are too many in the room.
5.I always stay at home and listen to music on rainy .
6、 (23-24六年级下·浙江金华·期末)根据短文,选择合适的选项,其中2项为多余选项。
A.couldn’t B.could C.Xinjiang D.see E.saw F.rode a horse
Last Labour Day holiday, John went to Mt.Tianshan. It is a beautiful place in __________. He __________. The horse is very small. It looks like a mule. And he also went to Turpan. He __________ lots of grapes there. But he __________ eat the grapes, because they won’t be ready till August. What a pity!
7、 (24-25六年级下·浙江杭州·期末)选词填空。用所给词的适当形式填空,每词限用一次。
talk together becoming laugh is sad but with ask strong
A small flower and a big tree are standing beside the river. They are __________ “Can I become your friend?” the small flower __________ the big tree. “My friend? I’m taller and __________ than you. I don’t want you to be my friend!” says the big tree. The small flower feels very __________.
Spring is coming. The flower is __________ more and more beautiful. Many butterflies (蝴蝶) and bees come and play __________ the flower. The big tree is not happy, “Why do you play with her __________ not me? She is so small.” The butterflies and bees say, “Sure, the small flower __________ shorter and thinner than you, but she is more friendly. Don’t __________ at anyone!” The big tree says sorry to the small flower. From then on, they play __________. They are happy.
8、 (24-25六年级下·浙江嘉兴·期末)读短文,根据内容,从方框中选择单词,并用其适当形式填空。
at sun she can help want
Chang’e was a very beautiful woman. Hou Yi was __________ husband (丈夫). He was very __________. He shot (射) down nine __________ in the sky for the people. Then he got a magic (神奇的) medicine. It can make a person live forever (永远). One day, a bad man __________ to take away the medicine. But Hou Yi was not __________ home. So Chang’e had to eat it and fly to the moon. Hou Yi was very sad. But he __________ do nothing.
9、 (23-24六年级下·浙江杭州·期末)选择合适的词补全短文,注意使用单词的恰当形式。
see big can run be have hard-working play
Fu Zai is a six-month-old corgi (柯基). He is China’s first corgi police dog. Some people think he __________ be a great police dog because of his short legs. But Fu Zai is here to prove (证明) them not right.
Before, Fu Zai __________ a pet dog. He liked __________ with his owner in the park. One day, a policeman __________ him and thought he had the talent (天赋) to be a police dog. Then he started his training (训练).
Becoming a police dog is not easy. But Fu Zai is clever and __________. Every day, he __________ classes in the morning and afternoon. He learns lots of cool things. He can’t __________ very fast, but his short legs can help him sneak (偷偷进入) under cars easily. __________ dogs can’t do this but he can. We believe that he will be a great police dog.
参考答案
一、C 2.E 3.B 4.D 5.A
二、6.C 7.A 8.F 9.B 10.E 11.D
三、12.last weekend 13.museum 14.parents 15.by car 16.happy 17.ate food
四、18.taller
【详解】句意:看!蒂姆比萨姆更高一些。本题考查形容词的比较级,根据图片可知,蒂姆比萨姆更高一些,故答案为taller。
19.played football
【详解】句意:杰克上周日踢足球。本题考查动词短语和动词的形式,根据图片可知短语是play football踢足球,根据last Sunday可知时态为一般过去时,play用过去式played,故答案为played;football。
20.grass
【详解】句意:不要在草地上走。考查不可数名词。由句意和图可知所给植物是草,草grass,不可数名词,故答案为grass。
21.are apples
【详解】句意:篮子里有这么多苹果。考查there be句型的be动词形式和可数名词及其单复数。第二空,由图可知物品是苹果,apple苹果,many后接名词复数,故apple要用复数形式apples;第一空,主语apples是复数,故be动词用are。故答案为are;apples。
22.ice-skated
【详解】句意:—你去年寒假做了什么?—我去了哈尔滨________。本题考查动词的形式。根据图片和句意,可知考查单词ice-skate滑冰。句子是一般过去时,ice-skate的过去式是ice-skated,故答案为ice-skated。
23.him/im
【详解】句意:—你认识他吗?—是的,他是史密斯先生。本题考查人称代词。根据首字母和句意可知本题考查单词him,宾格人称代词,做动词know的宾语,故答案为him。
24.old/ld
【详解】句意:—你多大了?—我12岁。本题考查固定搭配。根据答语可知问句是你多大了,How old固定搭配,多大了,故答案为old。
25.saw film
【详解】句意:我们去了电影院并在那里看了一场电影。本题考查动词短语和动词的形式,根据句意及图片可知单词是see a film看电影,时态为一般过去时,see用过去式saw,故答案为saw;film。
26.ice-skate
【详解】句意:我喜欢滑冰,所以我喜欢冬天。本题考查动词的形式。图中是滑冰ice-skate,love to do sth喜欢做某事,故答案为ice-skate。
27.fishing/ishing
【详解】句意:上周末琼斯先生在自然公园里钓鱼了。本题考查动词短语,根据图片可知短语为go fishing去钓鱼,went是go的过去式,故答案为fishing。
28.taller
【详解】句意:爸爸,这只恐龙不高!我比这只高。本题考查形容词比较级。根据句意及than,可知单词为taller更高的,形容词比较级,故答案为taller。
29.cleaned/leaned
【详解】句意:蒂姆昨天打扫房间了。本题考查动词的形式。由句意,首字母及图片,可知单词为clean打扫,yesterday昨天,是一般过去时的标志词,clean用过去式cleaned,故答案为cleaned。
30.heavier
【详解】句意:母鸡比鸭子重。本题考查形容词的比较级。根据题意和图片提示可知母鸡较重heavier,形容词的比较级,故答案为heavier。
五、1.C 2.A 3.B 4.E 5.D
六、1.C 2.F 3.E 4.A
七、1.talking 2.asks 3.stronger 4.sad 5.becoming 6.with 7.but 8.is 9.laugh 10.together
八、1.her 2.helpful 3.suns 4.wanted 5.at 6.could
九、1.can’t 2.was 3.playing 4.saw 5.hard-working 6.has 7.run 8.Bigger
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