2025-2026学年八年级英语（人教版）下册期末高频考点集训·核心句型与句式

八年级英语（人教版）下册期末高频考点集训 核心句型与句式 第一部分：核心句型分类梳理 一、动词不定式（Unit 1 Time to Relax） 动词不定式（to do）在英语句子中具有高度的语法灵活性，能够充当多种不同的句子成分，从而在表达思想和构建句式时发挥重要作用。掌握动词不定式的多种句法功能，对于准确理解句子结构和提升语言表达能力具有重要意义。 1. 不定式作目的状语 结构：… + to do sth.（为了做某事） 例句 汉语翻译 I listen to soft music to reduce stress. 我听轻音乐是为了减轻压力。 She practices the piano every day to improve her skills. 她每天练习钢琴是为了提高她的技巧。 He exercises regularly to stay healthy. 他定期锻炼是为了保持健康。 Many students use learning apps to find study partners. 许多学生使用学习应用程序是为了找到学习伙伴。 2. 不定式作宾语补足语 结构：… ask/tell/want/allow/encourage sb. to do sth. 例句 汉语翻译 My teacher always encourages me to try my best. 我的老师总是鼓励我尽最大努力。 The app allows people to find study partners around the world. 这个应用程序允许人们找到世界各地的学习伙伴。 My parents want me to develop good learning habits. 我的父母希望我养成良好的学习习惯。 The doctor advised me to take a good rest. 医生建议我好好休息。 3. 不定式作主语（it作形式主语） 结构：It + be + adj. + to do sth. 例句 汉语翻译 It is important to learn how to deal with stress. 学会如何处理压力是很重要。 It may be difficult to accept your own weaknesses. 接受自己的弱点可能是困难的。 It takes time to master a new skill. 掌握一项新技能需要时间。 It feels great to help others in need. 帮助有需要的人感觉很好。 4. 疑问词+不定式 结构：what/where/how/when + to do 例句 汉语翻译 I need to find a way how to express my feelings. 我需要找到一种如何表达我感受的方式。 She is learning how to play three musical instruments. 她正在学习如何演奏三种乐器。 Can you tell me where to find the best local food? 你能告诉我在哪里可以找到最好的当地食物吗？ We are discussing when to hold the charity event. 我们正在讨论什么时候举办慈善活动。 二、情态动词与反身代词（Unit 2 Stay Healthy） 1. 情态动词should/could should：用于提出建议或义务 例句 汉语翻译 You should lie down and take a rest if you feel tired. 如果你觉得累了，你应该躺下休息一下。 We should eat a balanced diet to stay healthy. 我们应该均衡饮食以保持健康。 Teenagers should get at least eight hours of sleep every night. 青少年每晚应该至少睡八个小时。 You should drink more water instead of sugary drinks. 你应该多喝水而不是含糖饮料。 could：用于礼貌地提出建议或可能性 例句 汉语翻译 You could try drinking hot tea with honey for your sore throat. 你可以试试喝加蜂蜜的热茶来缓解喉咙痛。 She could join a sports club to make more friends. 她可以加入一个体育俱乐部来结交更多的朋友。 We could use this app to track our daily steps. 我们可以使用这个应用程序来记录每天的步数。 2. 反身代词 结构：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 用法一：强调“亲自、自己” 例句 汉语翻译 I hurt myself when I was playing basketball yesterday. 昨天打篮球时我伤到了自己。 Don't be too hard on yourself. Everyone makes mistakes. 别对自己太苛刻。每个人都会犯错。 He taught himself how to play the guitar. 他自学了如何弹吉他。 用法二：固定短语 短语 含义 例句 翻译 by oneself 独自 She finished the project by herself. 她独自完成了这个项目。 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 Did you enjoy yourselves at the party? 你们在派对上玩得开心吗？ look after oneself 照顾自己 Teenagers should learn to look after themselves. 青少年应该学会照顾自己。 三、过去进行时（Unit 5 Nature's Temper） 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。 1. 基本结构 句式 结构 例句 翻译 肯定句 was/were + doing I was sleeping at 10 pm last night. 昨晚十点我正在睡觉。 否定句 wasn't/weren't + doing She wasn't watching TV when I called. 我打电话时她没在看电视。 疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + doing? What were you doing when the storm came? 暴风雨来临时你正在做什么？ 2. 与when/while连用 when（当……时）：后接一般过去时（短暂性动作） 例句 汉语翻译 I was sleeping when the alarm went off. 闹钟响时我正在睡觉。 We were having dinner when the storm suddenly started. 暴风雨突然来临时我们正在吃晚饭。 She was walking home when it began to rain heavily. 天开始下大雨时她正在步行回家。 while（当……的时候）：后接过去进行时（延续性动作） 例句 汉语翻译 He was watching TV while his sister was doing her homework. 他正在看电视而他的妹妹正在做作业。 The wind was blowing strongly while we were walking home. 我们步行回家时风正猛烈地吹。 While the rescue team was searching for survivors, it started to rain again. 救援队正在搜寻幸存者时，天又开始下雨了。 3. 特殊用法 用法 结构 例句 翻译 两个延续性动作同时发生 while + 过去进行时，主语 + 过去进行时 While I was reading, my brother was playing games. 我在读书时，我的弟弟在玩游戏。 动作进行时另一动作发生 when/while + 延续性动作，主语 + 短暂性动作 While I was walking to school, I saw a car accident. 我步行去学校时看到了一起车祸。 四、现在完成时（Unit 7-8） 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或持续到现在的动作。 1. 基本结构 句式 结构 例句 翻译 肯定句 have/has + 过去分词 I have read this book twice. 这本书我已经读过两遍了。 否定句 haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 She hasn't finished her homework yet. 她还没完成作业。 疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ Have you ever visited the Great Wall? 你曾经游览过长城吗？ 2. already / yet / ever / never 副词 用法 例句 翻译 already 已经（肯定句） I have already finished my report. 我已经完成了我的报告。 yet 还（否定/疑问句末） Haven't you finished yet? 你还没完成吗？ ever 曾经（疑问句） Have you ever tried online learning? 你尝试过在线学习吗？ never 从不（否定句） I have never seen such a beautiful sunset. 我从未见过如此美丽的日落。 3. since / for 短语 介词 用法 例句 翻译 since + 时间点（自……以来） She has worked as a volunteer since last year. 自去年以来她一直做志愿者工作。 for + 时间段（长达……之久） He has been a member of the charity for three years. 他加入这个慈善组织已经有三年了。 4. have been to / have gone to 区别 短语 含义 例句 翻译 have been to 去过某地（已返回） I have been to Shanghai twice. 我去过上海两次。 have gone to 去了某地（未返回） She has gone to the library. She'll be back soon. 她去图书馆了。她很快会回来。 五、状语从句 1. as soon as（一……就……） 引导时间状语从句，表示两个动作紧密衔接。 例句 汉语翻译 As soon as I arrived in Beijing, I visited the Forbidden City. 我一到北京就参观了故宫。 She called me as soon as she got the good news. 她一收到好消息就给我打了电话。 As soon as the alarm went off, everyone ran to safety. 警报一响，所有人都跑向安全的地方。 2. so + adj./adv. + that（如此……以至于……） 表示结果。 例句 汉语翻译 The cultural differences were so confusing that I made some mistakes. 文化差异如此令人困惑，以至于我犯了一些错误。 The storm was so powerful that it knocked down many trees. 暴风雨如此猛烈，以至于刮倒了许多树。 The book is so interesting that I can't put it down. 这本书如此有趣，以至于我爱不释手。 3. so that（为了/以便于） 表示目的。 例句 汉语翻译 I get up early so that I can catch the first bus. 我早起是为了能赶上第一班公交车。 She studies hard so that she can get into a good university. 她努力学习是为了能上好大学。 We should protect the environment so that future generations can live a better life. 我们应该保护环境，以便后代能过上更好的生活。 4. unless（除非） 引导条件状语从句，相当于if not。 例句 汉语翻译 You won't succeed unless you work hard. 除非你努力，否则你不会成功。 Unless we take action now, it will be too late. 除非我们现在采取行动，否则就太晚了。 She won't forgive him unless he apologizes sincerely. 除非他真诚道歉，否则她不会原谅他。 5. although/even though（虽然/即使） 引导让步状语从句。 例句 汉语翻译 Although the task is hard, we should never give up. 虽然任务很艰巨，但我们绝不应该放弃。 She decided to go for a walk even though it was raining. 即使在下雨，她还是决定去散步。 Even though he is young, he is very responsible. 虽然他年纪小，但他非常负责任。 第二部分：各单元重点句型清单 Unit 1 Time to Relax 序号 重点句型 汉语翻译 1 What are you up to these days? 你这些天在忙什么？ 2 I used to be scared of speaking in public. 我曾经害怕在公共场合演讲。 3 It's a deal! 一言为定！ 4 Don't push yourself too hard. 别太逼自己。 5 It is important to learn how to deal with stress. 学会如何处理压力是很重要的。 6 The teacher asked us to express our opinions freely. 老师让我们自由表达意见。 7 I need to find a way to express my true feelings. 我需要找到一种方式来表达我的真实感受。 8 She spends two hours practicing the piano every day. 她每天花两个小时练习钢琴。 9 Learning a new skill can be difficult, but don't give up easily. 学习一项新技能可能很困难，但不要轻易放弃。 10 I usually feel relaxed after listening to light music. 听完轻音乐后我通常感到放松。 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 序号 重点句型 汉语翻译 1 You should lie down and take a rest if you feel tired. 如果你觉得累，应该躺下休息。 2 I hurt myself when I was playing basketball yesterday. 昨天打篮球时我伤到了自己。 3 The doctor advised me to take a good rest. 医生建议我好好休息。 4 To stay healthy, we should eat a balanced diet. 为了保持健康，我们应该均衡饮食。 5 Drinking enough water is important for our health. 喝足够的水对我们的健康很重要。 6 The importance of health should never be ignored. 健康的重要性绝不能被忽视。 7 She was so tired that she could hardly keep her eyes open. 她如此疲倦，以至于几乎睁不开眼睛。 8 You'd better stay away from junk food. 你最好远离垃圾食品。 9 He feels much better after taking the medicine. 服药后他感觉好多了。 10 You should get at least eight hours of sleep every night. 你每晚应该至少睡八个小时。 Unit 3 Growing Up 序号 重点句型 汉语翻译 1 I had a fight with my best friend. 我和我最好的朋友吵架了。 2 Don't be too hard on yourself. 别对自己太苛刻。 3 We should try to solve problems peacefully. 我们应该尝试和平解决问题。 4 If you feel lonely, you may turn to your parents. 如果你感到孤独，可以向父母求助。 5 Her parents' divorce had a great influence on her life. 父母的离婚对她的生活产生了很大的影响。 6 She managed to overcome her fear of public speaking. 她设法克服了对公开演讲的恐惧。 7 Why don't you communicate with your parents? 你为什么不和父母沟通呢？ 8 It's important to have a positive attitude towards life. 对生活持有积极的态度是很重要的。 9 We should learn to forgive others for their mistakes. 我们应该学会原谅别人的错误。 10 She felt a deep sense of loneliness after moving to a new city. 搬到一个新城市后她感到深深的孤独。 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 序号 重点句型 汉语翻译 1 The Grand Canyon is one of the most wonderful natural sights. 大峡谷是最美妙的自然景观之一。 2 Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。 3 The Amazon River is much longer than the Yangtze River. 亚马逊河比长江长得多。 4 The desert is so dry that only a few plants can survive. 沙漠如此干燥，以至于只有少数植物能存活。 5 The forest is so thick that sunlight can hardly reach the ground. 森林如此茂密，以至于阳光几乎照不到地面。 6 It's impossible to see the whole park in one day. 一天之内逛完整个公园是不可能的。 7 The island is surrounded by clear blue water. 这个岛被清澈的蓝色海水环绕。 8 We were surprised at the beauty of the Northern Lights. 我们被北极光的美景震撼了。 9 The view from the top of the mountain is beautiful. 山顶的风景很美。 10 The coral reef is home to over 1,500 kinds of fish. 这个珊瑚礁是超过1500种鱼类的家园。 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 序号 重点句型 汉语翻译 1 A terrible earthquake hit the city last night. 昨晚一场可怕的地震袭击了这座城市。 2 We were having dinner when the storm suddenly started. 暴风雨突然来临时我们正在吃晚饭。 3 The wind was blowing so hard that trees fell down. 风刮得如此猛烈，以至于树都倒了。 4 While I was walking home, it began to rain heavily. 我步行回家时开始下大雨。 5 People ran to safety as soon as they heard the alarm. 人们一听到警报就跑向安全的地方。 6 The storm was so strong that it knocked down power lines. 暴风雨如此猛烈，以至于刮断了电线。 7 We felt the ground shaking under our feet. 我们感觉到脚下的大地在晃动。 8 He was watching TV while his sister was doing her homework. 他正在看电视而他的妹妹正在做作业。 9 What happened to you yesterday? 你昨天发生什么事了？ 10 The rescue team saved a little boy from the fallen houses. 救援队从倒塌的房屋中救出了一个小男孩。 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 序号 重点句型 汉语翻译 1 It is common to shake hands when meeting someone for the first time. 第一次见面时握手是很常见的。 2 Table manners are quite different from country to country. 餐桌礼仪因国家而异。 3 It is considered rude to talk with your mouth full. 嘴里塞满食物时说话被认为是不礼貌的。 4 It is polite to say "thank you" when someone helps you. 当别人帮助你时说“谢谢”是有礼貌的。 5 The cultural differences were so confusing that I made some mistakes. 文化差异如此令人困惑，以至于我犯了一些错误。 6 She is becoming used to eating with chopsticks. 她渐渐习惯用筷子吃饭了。 7 It's important to respect local customs when you travel abroad. 出国旅游时尊重当地习俗是很重要的。 8 As soon as I arrived, I started to learn the local customs. 我一到达就开始学习当地的习俗。 9 The festival is a good chance to experience different cultures. 这个节日是体验不同文化的好机会。 10 Don't stick your chopsticks straight up in a bowl of rice. 不要把筷子直直地插在饭碗里。 Unit 7 A Good Read 序号 重点句型 汉语翻译 1 I have already read this book twice. 这本书我已经读过两遍了。 2 Have you ever read a book by J.K. Rowling? 你读过J.K.罗琳的书吗？ 3 She hasn't finished the novel yet. 她还没读完那本小说。 4 I have never read such an exciting story before. 我以前从未读过如此激动人心的故事。 5 This is the most touching story I have ever read. 这是我读过的最感人的故事。 6 The book is set in a small town in the 19th century. 这本书以19世纪的一个小镇为背景。 7 I was so touched that I couldn't help crying. 我如此感动，以至于忍不住哭了。 8 The story is based on a true event in history. 这个故事是基于历史上的一个真实事件。 9 Reading is a great way to enlarge your vocabulary. 阅读是扩大词汇量的好方法。 10 She is a book lover who finishes a book every week. 她是一个热爱读书的人，每周读完一本书。 Unit 8 Making a Difference 序号 重点句型 汉语翻译 1 She has worked as a volunteer since last year. 自去年以来她一直做志愿者工作。 2 He has been a member of the charity for three years. 他加入这个慈善组织已经有三年了。 3 We should try to make a difference to the world. 我们应该努力让世界有所不同。 4 She has donated all her pocket money to the disaster area. 她把自己所有的零花钱都捐给了灾区。 5 The event has raised people's awareness about environmental protection. 这个活动提高了人们对环境保护的意识。 6 He has made great efforts to help the disabled. 他付出了巨大的努力来帮助残疾人。 7 We should be willing to help others whenever possible. 只要有可能，我们应该愿意帮助别人。 8 The volunteer's kindness changed the boy's life forever. 志愿者的善良永远改变了那个男孩的生活。 9 Your kindness makes the world a better place. 你的善良让世界变得更美好。 10 The organization provides free meals to homeless people. 这个组织为无家可归的人提供免费餐食。 第三部分：句型转换专项练习 练习一、主动语态与被动语态转换 将下列主动句改为被动句： 1. The storm destroyed many houses in the village. → Many houses ________ ________ ________ in the village by the storm. 2. People speak English as a first language in many countries. → English ________ ________ as a first language in many countries. 3. The teacher asked us to finish the project by Friday. → We ________ ________ to finish the project by Friday by the teacher. 4. The rescue team saved a little boy from the ruins. → A little boy ________ ________ from the ruins by the rescue team. 5. Millions of people visit the Great Wall every year. → The Great Wall ________ ________ by millions of people every year. 6. The writer translated the book into more than 30 languages. → The book ________ ________ into more than 30 languages by the writer. 7. The storm knocked down many trees along the street. → Many trees ________ ________ ________ along the street by the storm. 8. The organization provides free meals to homeless people. → Free meals ________ ________ to homeless people by the organization. 9. The news report shocked everyone in the city. → Everyone in the city ________ ________ by the news report. 10. The little girl wrote this beautiful poem. → This beautiful poem ________ ________ by the little girl. 练习二、直接引语与间接引语转换 将下列直接引语改为间接引语： 11. She said, "I will help the homeless people in my community." → She said that ________ ________ help the homeless people in her community. 12. He asked, "Have you ever read this science fiction novel?" → He asked ________ I ________ ever read that science fiction novel. 13. The teacher said, "Don't give up when you face difficulties." → The teacher told us ________ ________ give up when we face difficulties. 14. My mother said, "You should drink more water every day." → My mother said that I ________ drink more water every day. 15. He asked, "Where can I find the best local restaurant?" → He asked ________ ________ could find the best local restaurant. 16. She said, "I am learning how to play the piano these days." → She said that she ________ learning how to play the piano those days. 17. The doctor said, "You need to take this medicine three times a day." → The doctor said that I ________ to take that medicine three times a day. 18. He asked, "Did you enjoy yourselves at the party last night?" → He asked ________ I ________ enjoyed ourselves at the party the night before. 19. The volunteer said, "I have worked here since last year." → The volunteer said that she ________ worked there since the year before. 20. She said, "I will call you as soon as I arrive." → She said that she ________ call me as soon as she arrived. 练习三、同义句转换 改写下列句子，保持句意不变： 21. The box is so heavy that I can't carry it. → The box is ________ heavy ________ me ________ carry. 22. I have never read such an interesting book before. → This is the most interesting book ________ I ________ ever read. 23. She spent two hours practicing the piano yesterday. → It ________ her two hours ________ ________ the piano yesterday. 24. If you don't hurry, you will miss the early bus. → ________ you hurry, you will miss the early bus. 25. The book is so boring that I couldn't finish it. → The book is ________ boring ________ me ________ finish. 26. He started to learn English five years ago and he still learns it now. → He ________ ________ English ________ five years. 27. She got up early because she wanted to catch the first train. → She got up early ________ ________ ________ she could catch the first train. 28. Although it was raining heavily, they still went hiking. → It was raining heavily, ________ they still went hiking. 29. This is the first time I have visited this museum. → I ________ never ________ this museum before. 30. Unless we protect the environment, many animals will die out. → ________ we ________ protect the environment, many animals will die out. 练习四、合并句子 将下列两个句子合并为一个句子： 31. I was sleeping. The alarm went off. → I ________ ________ when the alarm ________ off. 32. Linda was studying in her room. Jenny was cleaning the living room. → ________ Linda was studying in her room, Jenny was cleaning the living room. 33. He finished his work. He went to bed immediately. → ________ ________ ________ he finished his work, he went to bed. 34. The cultural differences were confusing. I made some mistakes because of that. → The cultural differences were ________ confusing ________ I made some mistakes. 35. She arrived in Beijing. She visited the Forbidden City right away. → ________ ________ ________ she arrived in Beijing, she visited the Forbidden City. 36. The storm was powerful. It knocked down many trees. → The storm was ________ powerful ________ it knocked down many trees. 37. He was watching TV. His sister was doing her homework at the same time. → He was watching TV ________ his sister was doing her homework. 38. The boy saved a drowning dog. He was praised by his neighbors. → The boy ________ praised by his neighbors ________ he saved a drowning dog. 39. I finished my homework. I started to help my mother with housework. → ________ ________ ________ I finished my homework, I started to help my mother. 40. The book is based on a true story. It has become a bestseller. → The book, which ________ ________ on a true story, has become a bestseller. 练习五、完成句子 根据汉语提示完成句子： 41. 你应该学会如何应对压力。 You should learn ________ ________ ________ ________ with stress. 42. 这件艺术品是如此美丽以至于每个人都停下来欣赏它。 The artwork was ________ beautiful ________ everyone stopped to admire it. 43. 她自从去年八月以来一直在做志愿者工作。 She ________ ________ a volunteer ________ last August. 44. 我们正要吃晚饭这时突然下起了大雨。 We ________ ________ ________ dinner ________ it suddenly rained heavily. 45. 这本书是以一个真实事件为基础的。 This book ________ ________ ________ a true event. 46. 每个人都应该愿意帮助有需要的人。 Everyone should be ________ ________ help people ________ ________. 47. 这是我读过的最感人的故事。 This is the most touching story ________ I ________ ever ________. 48. 她一收到消息就给我打了电话。 She called me ________ ________ ________ she got the message. 49. 别对自己太苛刻。每个人都会犯错。 Don't be ________ ________ ________ yourself. Everyone makes mistakes. 50. 为了保护环境，我们应该减少使用塑料袋。 ________ protect the environment, we should reduce the use of plastic bags. 51. 他加入这个社团已经有三年了。 He ________ ________ a member of this club ________ three years. 52. 我曾经害怕在公共场合演讲。 I ________ ________ be ________ ________ speaking in public. 53. 你最好远离垃圾食品和含糖饮料。 You'd better ________ ________ ________ junk food and sugary drinks. 54. 我们正在吃晚饭时突然停电了。 We ________ ________ dinner ________ the power suddenly went off. 55. 学会如何处理压力是非常重要的。 It is very important ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ with stress. 56. 她设法克服了对公开演讲的恐惧。 She ________ ________ overcome her fear of public speaking. 57. 这个节日是体验不同文化的好机会。 The festival is a good chance ________ ________ different cultures. 58. 你的善良会让世界变得更美好。 Your kindness will ________ the world ________ ________ ________. 59. 我从未读过如此激动人心的故事。 I have ________ read ________ an exciting story before. 60. 他正在做作业而他的妹妹正在看电视。 He was doing his homework ________ his sister ________ watching TV. 参考答案 题号 答案 题号 答案 题号 答案 题号 答案 1 were destroyed 11 she would 21 too, for, to 31 was sleeping, went 2 is spoken 12 whether/if, had 22 that, have 32 While 3 were asked 13 not to 23 took, to practice 33 As soon as 4 was saved 14 should 24 Unless 34 so, that 5 is visited 15 where he 25 too, for, to 35 As soon as 6 was translated 16 was 26 has learned/learnt, for 36 so, that 7 were knocked down 17 needed 27 so that 37 while 8 are provided 18 whether/if, had 28 but 38 was, because 9 was shocked 19 had 29 have, visited 39 As soon as 10 was written 20 would 30 If, don't 40 is based 题号 答案 题号 答案 题号 答案 题号 答案 41 how to deal 46 willing to, in need 51 has been, for 56 managed to 42 so, that 47 that, have, read 52 used to, scared of 57 to experience 43 has been, since 48 as soon as 53 stay away from 58 make, a better place 44 were having, when 49 too hard on 54 were having, when 59 never, such 45 is based on 50 To 55 to learn how to deal 60 while, was 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $