精品解析：江西师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高二下学期英语期中考试试卷

江西师大附中高二年级英语期中试卷 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放 两遍。 1.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.A song. B.A hobby. C.A hero. 2.What will the man do this Friday afternoon? A.Watch a show. B.See a dentist. C.Chair a meeting. 3.Where are the speakers probably? A.In the supermarket. B.At the airport C.In the car. 4.How does the man sound? A.Alarmed. B Calm. C. Excited. 5.What does the man sugges-Susan do? A.Find academic partners. B.Present research results. C. Seek university funding. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟;听完后， 各小题都有5秒钟 的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Neighbors. B.Friends. C.Coworkers. 7.What is the woman doing? A. Selling flowers. B.Taking a class. C.Tending her garden. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8.Why does the woman talk to the man? A. To discuss the meal plan. B.To order take-away food. C.To complain about the food. 9.What does the woman care about regarding the food? A. Its healthiness. B.Its diversity C.Its taste. 10.What does the man mean in the end? A. The change of oil is well received. B.It’s hard to meet everyone’s needs. C.They will go back to the old recipe. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11.Why did Sam decide to make the show? A.To record kids’life. B.To connect kids to nature. C.To protect the environment. 12.What’s the challenge of organizing a hike for children? A.Keeping kids focused. B.Arousing kids’curiosity. C.Dealing with emergencies. 13.What does Sam intend to film next season? A.A coastal walk. B.A forest adventure. C.A desert hike. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14.What happened to Susan yesterday? A.She had an accident. B.She missed the test. C. She was sick. 15.What is Susan asking Professor Davis about? A. The acting skills. B.The exam content. C.The writing assignment. 16.What does Davis ask Susan to do? A.To attend a meeting. B.To distribute the tickets. C.To reschedule a theater visit. 17.Who is Alan Altman? A.An actor. B.A receptionist. C.Aprofessor. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18.What discount can students get for one book? A.30%. B.20%. C. 10%. 19.What can all students do on the spot? A. Get small prizes B.Grab a free coffee. C.Have a lucky draw. 20.What’s the purpose of this announcement? A.To advertise a bookstore. B.To introduce a book fair. C.To promote new books. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Three Types of Renewable Energy Sources Water Power Water power is the world’s biggest source of renewable energy by far, with China, Brazil, Canada, the U. S. , and Russia the leading water power producers. While water power is a clean energy source provided by rain and snow, it also has several drawbacks. Large dams can damage river ecosystems and surrounding communities, harming wildlife and displacing residents. Even water power at full capacity bears its own emissions problems, as rotting organic material in reservoirs releases methane (甲烷,沼气). Dams aren’t the only way to use water for power. Tidal and wave energy projects around the world aim to capture the ocean’s natural rhythms. The potential marine energy is great. Wind Power Wind turbines (涡轮) are growing around the globe, and China, the U. S., and Germany are the leading wind energy producers. Some people may object to how wind turbines look on the horizon (地平线) and to how they sound, but wind energy, whose prices are declining, is proving too valuable a resource to deny. Another problem with wind turbines is that they’re a danger for birds and bats, killing hundreds of thousands annually that engineers are working on solutions to make them safer for flying wildlife. Solar Power From home rooftops to farms, solar power is reshaping energy markets around the world. In addition to solar panels, which change the sun’s light to electricity, concentrating solar power (CSP) plants use mirrors to concentrate the sun’s heat, getting thermal energy. Solar thermal energy is also being used worldwide for hot water, heating, and cooling. China, Japan, and the U. S. are leading the solar transformation, but solar still has a long way to go. 1. Which country is the leading producer of all the three renewable energies? A. China. B. Japan. C. Germany. D. Russia. 2. What may reduce the disadvantages of water power? A. Gathering organic material in reservoirs. B. Employing alternative water sources. C. Moving residents away from dams D. Using water power at full capacity. 3. What is a problem with the wind turbines? A. They cost too much. B. They occupy much space. C. They cause noise pollution. D. They affect flying wildlife’s health. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三种可再生资源。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Water Power部分中的第一句“Water power is the world’s biggest source of renewable energy by far, with China, Brazil, Canada, the U. S. , and Russia the leading water power producers.(水力发电是迄今为止世界上最大的可再生能源来源，中国、巴西、加拿大、美国和俄罗斯是主要的水力发电国)”和Wind Power部分中的第一句“Wind turbines (涡轮) are growing around the globe, and China, the U. S., and Germany are the leading wind energy producers.(风力涡轮机在全球范围内不断增长，中国、美国和德国是主要的风能生产国)”及Solar Power部分中的最后一句“China, Japan, and the U. S. are leading the solar transformation, but solar still has a long way to go.(中国、日本和美国正在领导太阳能改造，但太阳能仍有很长的路要走)”可知，中国在这三种可再生资源的生产中都处于主导地位。故选A。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Water Power部分中最后一段“Dams aren’t the only way to use water for power. Tidal and wave energy projects around the world aim to capture the ocean’s natural rhythms. The potential marine energy is great.(水坝并不是用水发电的唯一途径。世界各地的潮汐和波浪能项目旨在捕捉海洋的自然节奏。海洋能源潜力巨大)”可知，除了水坝以外，还有潮汐和波浪能可以利用，以减少水电发电所造成的影响。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Wind Power部分中第二段“Some people may object to how wind turbines look on the horizon (地平线) and to how they sound, but wind energy, whose prices are declining, is proving too valuable a resource to deny. (有些人可能会反对风力涡轮机的外观和声音，但风能的价格正在下降，被证明是一种太有价值的资源，不容否认)”可知，风力发电存在的问题是噪音污染。故选C。 B Jude and Leo Hawes have come a long way since they entered the world, born at just 29weeks. Airlifted from their home in Launceston to hospital in Hobart, the twins, now happy and healthy two-year-olds, were delivered into the ICU to be cared for and monitored. A gift from the Tasmanian branch of Octopus for a Preemie (早产儿) for them was a light in the dark. “These stories really do remind us why we all spend so much time and our own money making these octopuses (章鱼),” Bianca, the co-founder of the project, tells Woman’s Day. “It means the world to me that I can do something in whatever small way to make the journey for the babies and parents just that little bit easier. I believe if we can help others, no matter how small a way it is, then we should.” The eight-legged creatures are specially created to calm and comfort early newborns.“In instances where the babies can’t be held for weeks, or even months, the familiarity of the parents’ scent (气味) on the octopuses can help with the bonding process because babies already know it as a safe scent when parents can finally hold them,”Bianca says. The volunteer project began after a nurse reached out to Bianca to create a prototype of octopus she could take into hospital for a trial. “It took me a good four to five months to teach myself how to write a pattern and get it approved,”explains Bianca, who creates the handmade helpful octopuses for no cost to families in need. “I started making them as fast as I could, but I wasn’t able to make the amount they needed.” Soon Bianca met the group’s other co-founder Andrea Carey and the pair started creating the creatures in together in their spare time. “I have always enjoyed being creative and my imagination runs wild with colour combinations,” says Bianca, her Facebook page Octopus for a Preemie Tasmania accumulating more than 2000 followers.“It makes my day!” 4. What is the purpose of the project? A. To promote octopuses to preemies. B. To comfort the preemies’ parents. C. To reach out to nurses for preemies. D. To bring a sense of security for preemies. 5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “prototype” In paragraph 4? A. Certificate. B. Model. C. Patent. D. Trademark. 6. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A. It is well received. B. It is highly profitable. C. It needs to be improved. D. It takes ages to see the results. 7. What does Bianca’s story imply? A. Good is rewarded with good. B. Two heads are better than one. C. Small deeds make a difference. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个志愿者项目为新生儿提供章鱼来安抚和安慰他们，这一项目受到了新生儿父母的欢迎。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““In instances where the babies can’t be held for weeks, or even months, the familiarity of the parents’ scent(气味) on the octopuses can help with the bonding process because babies already know it as a safe scent when parents can finally hold them,” Bianca says.( Bianca说：“在宝宝几周甚至几个月都不能被抱着的情况下，章鱼对父母的气味的熟悉可以帮助建立联系，因为当父母终于可以抱着他们时，婴儿已经知道这是一种安全的气味。”)”可推断，这个项目的目的是为了让婴儿有安全感。故选D。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词上一段“The eight-legged creatures are specially created to calm and comfort early newborns.(这种八条腿的生物是专门用来安抚和安慰早期新生儿的。)”可知，这是一种章鱼样子的模型，为新生儿而设计的；而下一段““It took me a good four to five months to teach myself how to write a pattern and get it approved,” explains Bianca, who creates the handmade helpful octopuses for no cost to families in need.(“我花了四到五个月的时间自学如何编写图案并获得批准，” Bianca解释说，她手工制作了这种有益的章鱼，为有需要的家庭提供且不收取任何费用。)”可知，Bianca花了四五个月学习编写图案，所以她是为了制作一个章鱼样子的模型。选项A“Certificate (证书)”；B“Model (模型)”；C“Patent (专利)”；D“Trademark. (商标)”。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段““I started making them as fast as I could, but I wasn’t able to make the amount they needed.” Soon Bianca met the group’s other co-founder Andrea Carey and the pair started creating the creatures in together in their spare time.(“我开始以最快的速度制作它们，但我无法达到它们所需的数量。”不久，Bianca遇到了该组织的另一位联合创始人Andrea Carey，两人开始在业余时间一起创作这些生物。)”可知，章鱼模型的需求量很大。再根据最后一段““I have always enjoyed being creative and my imagination runs wild with colour combinations,” says Bianca, her Facebook page Octopus for a Preemie Tasmania accumulating more than 2000 followers. “It makes my day!”(Bianca说：“我一直很喜欢创新，我对颜色组合的想象力很丰富。”她的Facebook页面“章鱼”为塔斯马尼亚早产儿设计，粉丝已经超过2000人。“这让我很开心!”)”可知，章鱼模型的粉丝很多。由此，可以推断出章鱼模型很受人们的欢迎。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段““These stories really do remind us why we all spend so much time and our own money making these octopuses(章鱼),” Bianca, the co-founder of the project, tells Woman’s Day. “It means the world to me that I can do something in whatever small way to make the journey for the babies and parents just that little bit easier. I believe if we can help others, no matter how small a way it is, then we should.”(“这些故事真的提醒我们为什么我们都花了这么多时间和自己的钱来制作这些章鱼，”该项目的联合创始人Bianca在接受《妇女之日》采访时表示。“这对我来说意味着整个世界，我可以做一些小事，让婴儿和父母的旅程更容易一点。我相信，如果我们能帮助别人，不管这个帮助有多小，那我们就应该帮助别人。”)”可知，Bianca的故事告诉我们小事也能对这个世界有所改变。故选C。 C When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents (口音), most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/ Chinese/ etc. But this kind of response makes me fail to understand the true meaning of accents. Usually, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice. Funnily enough, in terms of the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do! Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance, “You got eat or not?” (meaning “Have you eaten?”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different? We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone. Language differences like these provide deep understandings into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is definitely a part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. 8. What does the author think of his/ her friends’ response in paragraph 1? A. It reflects their self-confidence. B. It reflects their language levels. C. It misses the point of communication. D. It misses the real meaning of accents. 9. Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English? A. To support the use of dialects. B. To show the diversity of dialects. C. To correct a grammatical mistake. D. To highlight a traditional approach. 10. What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph? A. Learn to speak with your local dialect. B. Seek for an official definition of accents. C. Appreciate the value of accents and dialects. D. Distinguish our local languages from others’. 11. What can be a suitable title for this passage? A. Everyone Has an Accent B. Accents Weaken Our Uniqueness C. Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding D. Standard English Is at Risk 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了每个人都有口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。语言差异可以帮助人们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，因此我们要欣赏口音和方言的价值。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/ Chinese/ etc. But this kind of response makes me fail to understand the true meaning of accents.(当我跟一些朋友提到我们每个人说话都有口音时，他们中的大多数人都自豪地回答：“哦，我说的是标准的英语或汉语等等。” 但这种回应让我无法理解口音的真正含义。)”可知，作者认为他或她的朋友的回应忽略了口音的真正含义。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Every person speaks a dialect, too. (每个人也会说一种方言。)”及本段后文“American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different?(以美式英语为母语的人会停顿，这并不意味着新加坡英语口语是 “错误的” 或 “不合语法的”。按照新加坡英语母语者自成体系的语法规则，这个句子结构规范，表意清晰。仅仅因为它与众不同，就该被视为错误吗？)”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的。所以作者使用新加坡口语的例子是为了证明使用方言是可以接受的。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Language differences like these provide deep understandings into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is definitely a part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.(诸如此类的语言差异能让我们深入了解人们的文化经历和背景。在全球化时代，一个人的说话方式无疑是其身份认同的一部分。大多数人会很乐意谈论自己语言背后的文化。这样一来，我们会更多地了解我们所生活的世界，还能在这个过程中交到朋友。)”可知， 作者在最后一段中建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do! (从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。我们都有！)”以及第三段“Every person speaks a dialect, too. (每个人也会说一种方言。)”可知，作者认为每个人都有口音，而且作者在最后一段指出不同的口音可以让我们更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。故A项“Everyone Has an Accent (每个人都有口音)”最能概括本文主旨。故选A。 D Dreams, according to Carl Jung, reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness. In Jungian philosophy, the conflict and chaos experienced in dreams finally bring order to our lives. While Jung’s mystical theories were debatable, he was not mistaken about the importance of dreaming. A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways. This trend is causing damage to our immune and metabolic (新陈代谢的) systems, let alone the electronic products that keep us up late at night are ruining our sleep patterns, which has long-term consequences for our memory system. One study showed that not allowing mice to have adequate amounts of REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, the stage in which we dream, the mice couldn’t strengthen memories. You might think this is just a sleep problem, but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest. We sleep in cycles (周期) , each lasting about 90 minutes; in a sleep cycle, we go through non-REM sleep before hitting REM. As the night progresses, REM sleep periods increase in length while deep sleep (one of the stages of non-REM sleep) decreases. The longer we sleep, the more time we spend in REM, which is why we are often dreaming when waking up in the morning. If we sleep less than seven hours, however, it becomes harder to achieve this level of REM. The combination of sleeping and dreaming acts as an emotional stabilizer. We recover from emotional hurt faster when we sleep and dream properly. However, we’re not getting enough sleep to cycle through the stages to take advantage of this natural circadian anti-depressant (抗抑郁药) — dreams. Instead, we get depressed and turn to alcohol or medicines to get to sleep, which only makes things worse because even one drink leads to late REM while anti-depressants promote deep sleep at the expense of REM. We’re paying for this lack of dreaming in many ways. For example, a 2021 study stated that compared with quiet rest and non-REM sleep, REM promoted the formation of associative networks and the integration (整合) of unassociated information. Volunteers that experienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring creative solutions. Rowan Hooper, the managing editor at New Scientist, writes that dreams that include an “emotional core” appear to be a main function of REM sleep and that we should look at sleep patterns as seriously as we look at diet and exercise habits. 12. What’s Carl Jung’s view about dreams? A. They cause chaos. B. They damage immunity. C. They reveal secrets. D. They mirror reality. 13. Why is the sleep process explained in paragraph 3? A. To show a dream mainly occurs during REM sleep. B. To prove the minimum sleep time should be seven hours. C. To prove dream problems and sleep problems are attached. D. To show people often dream when waking up in the morning. 14. What conclusion can be inferred from paragraph 5? A. Dreaming promotes creativity. B. Dreaming helps fight depression. C. The brain still receives new information during REM sleep. D. The brain is paying the price for having more non-REM sleep. 15. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The importance of sleep lies in dreams. B. The absence of dreams is terrible for us. C. Dreaming patterns are more important than we realize. D. Dreaming has mystical power of strengthening memories. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了卡尔·荣格对梦的看法，阐述了缺乏做梦对人有诸多损害，强调了做梦的重要性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Dreams, according to Carl Jung, reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness.(根据卡尔·荣格的观点，梦揭示了在清醒意识中隐藏的一定量的现实)”可知，卡尔·荣格认为梦反映现实。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“You might think this is just a sleep problem, but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest.(你可能认为这只是一个睡眠问题，但做梦与我们的夜间休息是分不开的)”以及后面对于睡眠周期中REM(快速眼动睡眠)和非REM睡眠的描述可知，解释睡眠过程是为了证明做梦问题和睡眠问题是相关联的。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“For example, a 2021 study stated that compared with quiet rest and non REM sleep, REM promoted the formation of associative networks and the integration (整合) of unassociated information. Volunteers that experienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring creative solutions.(例如，2021年的一项研究表明，与安静休息和非快速眼动睡眠相比，快速眼动睡眠促进了联想网络的形成和无关信息的整合。经历更多快速眼动睡眠的志愿者更有能力解决需要创造性解决方案的问题)”可知，做梦(快速眼动睡眠阶段)能促进创造力。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways.(越来越多的报告显示，持续缺乏做梦正在许多方面损害我们的清醒时间)”可知，文章主要强调了缺乏做梦对我们有很糟糕的影响。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A few days before, I tried clearing out some old schoolbooks. Deep down, I knew I would never read them again. Yet I realized with myself that maybe they would be helpful someday. ____16____ I am probably not alone in this: this struggle is a phenomenon known as the “Endowment Effect (禀赋效应)”. Psychologists who demonstrated the effect found that people demanded a much higher price to sell a bottle of wine they owned than they were willing to pay to buy that same bottle. ____17____ It explains why we are so unwilling to give something up once we own it. Why does this happen? At first, researchers thought it was a classic case of “loss aversion”, where the pain of losing something feels twice as strong as the pleasure of gaining it. ____18____ Psychologists conclude that we value something more simply because it is ours. We project our identity onto the object, making it painful to move on. Fortunately, there is an effective counteraction: shifting your perspective from an “owner” to a “buyer”. When you are hesitating to throw something away, ask yourself: “How much would I pay to buy this from others now?” ____19____ If that is the case, it is a clear sign you value the item not for its usefulness, but simply for the endowment effect. ____20____ Besides turning our homes into storage units for the past, it makes us mentally trapped in them as well. Recognizing this is the first step toward the liberation of living with less. Make space for what truly matters. A. It just feels right to keep them. B. More often than not, the answer is “nothing”. C. Thus, a price gap exists between buyers and sellers. D. The cost of ownership is often far greater than we think. E. We often mistakenly believe these items define who we are. F. That sounds logical, but the real reason is the sense of ownership itself. G. The inconsistency reveals we overvalue things just because we possess them. 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是“禀赋效应”的表现，产生的原因和应对的方法。 【16题详解】 前文“A few days before, I tried clearing out some old schoolbooks. Deep down, I knew I would never read them again. Yet I realized with myself that maybe they would be helpful someday.(几天前，我试着清理一些旧课本。内心深处，我知道自己再也不会读它们了。然而，我还是觉得也许它们某天会有用)”提到作者想清理旧校书，知道不会再读但又觉得也许某天会有用，后文“I am probably not alone in this: this struggle is a phenomenon known as the “Endowment Effect (禀赋效应)”.(我可能并非只有自己有这种纠结：这种挣扎是一种被称为“禀赋效应”的现象)”说明这种矛盾心理是普遍存在的。A选项“It just feels right to keep them.(留着它们感觉就是对的)”很好地体现了这种矛盾心理，即虽然知道可能不会再读，但留着又觉得合理，符合语境，故选A。 【17题详解】 前文“Psychologists who demonstrated the effect found that people demanded a much higher price to sell a bottle of wine they owned than they were willing to pay to buy that same bottle.(证明这种效应存在的心理学家发现，人们对自己拥有的一瓶酒的售价比他们愿意为购买同一瓶酒所出的价格要高得多)”举例说明人们对自己拥有的物品要价高，对购买相同物品出价低。G选项“The inconsistency reveals we overvalue things just because we possess them.(这种不一致表明，我们仅仅因为拥有某物就对其估值过高)”是对前文现象的总结，符合语境，故选G。 【18题详解】 前文“At first, researchers thought it was a classic case of “loss aversion”, where the pain of losing something feels twice as strong as the pleasure of gaining it.(起初，研究人员认为这是“损失厌恶”的典型案例，即失去某物的痛苦感觉是获得同等事物所带来的愉悦感的两倍)”说研究人员最初认为这是“损失厌恶”的典型案例，后文“Psychologists conclude that we value something more simply because it is ours.(心理学家得出结论：我们仅仅因为某样东西属于自己就会更看重它)”说心理学家得出结论是因为物品是自己的所以更看重它。F选项“That sounds logical, but the real reason is the sense of ownership itself.(这听起来合理，但真正的原因是所有权本身)”起到了转折作用，引出了真正的原因，符合上下文逻辑，故选F。 【19题详解】 前文“When you are hesitating to throw something away, ask yourself: “How much would I pay to buy this from others now?”(当你犹豫是否要扔掉某样东西时，问问自己：“我现在愿意花多少钱从别人那里买下这个东西？”)”说当犹豫是否扔掉东西时，问自己现在愿意花多少钱从别人那里买这个东西。B选项“More often than not, the answer is “nothing”.(通常情况下，答案是“没什么（指不愿花钱再买回自己拥有的东西）”)”承接上文，说明很多时候对购买自己拥有的东西出价很低，与后文“If that is the case, it is a clear sign you value the item not for its usefulness, but simply for the endowment effect.(如果是这样，那就清楚地表明，你重视这件物品不是因为它的实用性，而仅仅是因为禀赋效应)”对购买自己拥有的东西出价很低的原因是禀赋效应相呼应，故选B。 【20题详解】 后文“Besides turning our homes into storage units for the past, it makes us mentally trapped in them as well.(除了把我们的家变成过去的储物间，它还让我们在精神上也受困于过去)”说除了把我们的家变成过去的储物间，它还让我们在精神上也受困于过去，说明禀赋效应有不好的影响。D选项“The cost of ownership is often far greater than we think.(拥有物品的成本往往比我们想象的要高得多)”概括了后文内容，说明禀赋效应带来的危害，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分， 满分15分 ) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mission at twelve was clear: to become the first girl to master the huge skateboard ramp (斜坡) in our town park. It was a towering concrete bowl, a region ___21___ by confident teenage boys. To them, I was ___22___ — just a little girl with pink elbow pads (护肘垫). My older brother would offer ___23___, “Just drop in, Alex! It’s all in your head.” But “dropping in” was ___24___. It meant committing my weight to the abyss (深渊). Every time I stood at the edge, fear ___25___ me. The boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back, ___26___. Weeks passed in a cycle of failure. My knuckles (指关节) were white from gripping the ramp’s edge; my legs were ___27___ bruises (淤青). I cried in frustration, hidden away. It would have been easy to ___28___. But the challenge ___29___ to me. I changed my ____30____. Instead of just failing repeatedly, I started to study the boys’ movements — the angle of their feet, the bend in their knees. I ____31____ it wasn’t just courage; it was a physics problem. I practiced on smaller slopes and ____32____ success in my mind. The day finally came. With a strange calm, I didn’t hesitate. I just ____33____ and dropped in the bowl. The world became a blur. Then, my wheels held, and I flew across the ramp. I had done it. As I stopped, one boy I’d been ____34____ of skated over. He gave a nod and said, “Nice one.” That was all the ____35____ I needed. I learned that failure isn’t the opposite of success; it’s part of its foundation. The lesson was carved into the core of who I am. 21. A. destroyed B. ruled C. built D. forgotten 22. A. invisible B. vigorous C. independent D. passionate 23. A. analyses B. demands C. warnings D. tips 24. A. exciting B. committing C. terrifying D. desperate 25. A. freed B. shocked C. froze D. protected 26. A. upset B. enthusiastic C. dynamic D. cruel 27. A. loaded with B. compared with C. satisfied with D. covered with 28. A. quit B. continue C. complain D. celebrate 29. A. occurred B. listened C. appealed D. apologized 30. A. direction B. strategy C. clothes D. board 31. A. clarified B. imagined C. realized D. doubted 32. A. pictured B. ignored C. forgot D. illustrated 33. A. thought B. rushed C. fell D. leaned 34. A. proud B. afraid C. envious D. aware 35. A. approval B. money C. punishment D. advice 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述十二岁的女孩努力挑战滑板陡坡，历经失败坚持练习最终成功完成挑战。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：那是一个高耸的混凝土碗状坡道，一处由自信的十几岁男孩们掌控的场地。A. destroyed摧毁；B. ruled掌控，主宰；C. built建造；D. forgotten忘记。根据后文“To them, I was ______ — just a little girl with pink elbow pads”可知，这片场地向来都是男孩们主导玩耍，被他们所主宰。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在他们眼里，我毫不起眼，只是一个戴着粉色护肘垫的小女孩。A. invisible不起眼的，被忽视的；B. vigorous精力充沛的；C. independent独立的；D. passionate热情的。根据后文“just a little girl with pink elbow pads”及“the boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back”可知，作者在他们眼中无足轻重，几乎“被忽视、不存在”。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：我哥哥会给我建议：“Alex，直接滑下去！一切都在于你的心态。”A. analyses分析；B. demands要求；C. warnings警告；D. tips建议。根据后文“Just drop in, Alex! It’s all in your head”可知，哥哥在给作者传授滑行的小方法。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但“直接滑下去”太可怕了。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. committing投入的；C. terrifying令人恐惧的；D. desperate绝望的。根据后文“It meant committing my weight to the abyss”可知，直面陡坡向下滑行让作者内心充满恐惧。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：每次站在斜坡边缘，恐惧都让我僵住。A. freed释放；B. shocked使震惊；C. froze使僵住；D. protected保护。根据前文“fear”及后文“the boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back”可知，此处指恐惧让作者无法行动，“僵住”在原地。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：男孩们偶尔的笑声总会让我后退，心里十分沮丧。A. upset沮丧，难过的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. dynamic充满活力的；D. cruel残忍的。根据前文“the boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back”可知，作者因嘲笑感到沮丧。 【27题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我的指关节因为紧握斜坡边缘而发白；我的腿上满是淤青。A. loaded with装满；B. compared with与……对比；C. satisfied with对……满意；D. covered with布满。根据前文“weeks passed in a cycle of failure”可知，作者练习时反复失败，经常受伤，腿上满是淤青。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：选择放弃本是一件很容易的事情。A. quit放弃；B. continue继续；C. complain抱怨；D. celebrate庆祝。根据前文“I cried in frustration, hidden away.”及后文转折词“But”可知，作者虽受挫，但并未放弃。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：但是这项挑战深深吸引着我。A. occurred发生；B. listened倾听；C. appealed吸引；D. apologized道歉。根据后文“I changed my _______ . Instead of just failing repeatedly, I started to study the boys’ movements — the angle of their feet, the bend in their knees.”可知，作者调整策略继续练习，因为这个挑战吸引着她。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：我改变了自己的策略。A. direction方向；B. strategy策略；C. clothes衣服；D. board滑板。根据后文“Instead of just failing repeatedly, I started to study the boys’ movements”可知，作者不再盲目尝试，转变了练习的方式方法。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：我意识到这不仅仅需要勇气，这更是一个物理层面的技巧问题。A. clarified阐明；B. imagined想象；C. realized意识到；D. doubted怀疑。根据后文“it wasn’t just courage; it was a physics problem”可知，这是作者通过观察意识到的问题所在。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：我在小型坡道上练习，并且在脑海里想象成功的样子。A. pictured设想，想象；B. ignored忽视；C. forgot忘记；D. illustrated说明。根据前文“I practiced on smaller slopes”及后文“success in my mind”可知，此处指作者在脑海中想象成功的画面。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：我只是身体前倾，顺势滑进碗状坡道之中。A. thought思考；B. rushed冲；C. fell跌落；D. leaned倾斜，俯身。根据后文“dropped in the bowl”和常识可知，滑进斜坡需要身体向前倾斜发力。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当我停下时，一个我曾经畏惧过的男孩滑了过来。A. proud骄傲的；B. afraid害怕的；C. envious羡慕的；D. aware意识到的。根据前文“To them, I was _______ — just a little girl with pink elbow pads (护肘垫).”以及“The boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back, ______ .”可知，作者曾害怕这些男孩。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：这就是我所需要的全部认可。A. approval认可，赞许；B. money金钱；C. punishment惩罚；D. advice建议。根据前文“He gave a nod and said, “Nice one.””可知，男孩的点头和称赞是对作者的认可。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分 ) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Britain’s record 40℃ temperatures will be normal within 30 years, according to new research. The study warns that extreme heatwaves will increase ___36___ more than 30 percent in the coming years. They ___37___ (fuel) by the burning of fossil fuels and other human activities, according to scientists. Tuesday was the hottest day ever recorded in the UK, ___38___ is an early preview of what climate forecasters believe will be typical summer weather in 2050. Wildfires have swept across the US, where more than a ___39___ (three) of the country is under heat warnings. Now ___40___ analysis of atmospheric circulation patterns and greenhouse gases suggests the crisis is worse than feared. It is based on data from just over a year ago when ___41___ (rough) 1,500 people died as average temperatures in the US and Canada more than ___42___ (double). “An extraordinary and ____43____ (expect) heatwave swept western North America in late June of 2021. It resulted in hundreds of ___44___ (die) and a massive die-off of sea creatures off the coast as well as horrible wildfires,” say scientists. Computer data found greenhouse gases are the main reason for ____45____ (increase) temperatures in the past and will be likely to become the main contributing factor. 【答案】36. by 37. are fueled##are fuelled 38. which 39. third 40. an 41. roughly 42. doubled 43. unexpected 44. deaths 45. increased 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍相关研究表明未来三十年内英国四十摄氏度高温或将成为常态，阐述极端热浪频发的成因、各地高温灾害带来的危害以及温室气体对气温上升造成的主要影响。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：这项研究警告称，在未来几年里，极端热浪的发生频次将增加百分之三十以上。此处为固定搭配increase by意为“增加了”，此处用介词by。 【37题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：科学家表示，化石燃料燃烧以及其他人类活动助长了这类极端热浪的形成。此处为谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语They和fuel之间存在被动关系，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为they，所以谓语动词为are fueled/are fuelled。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：周二是英国有记录以来最热的一天，气候预报人员认为这也预示着2050年夏季天气将会普遍如此。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话内容，关系词在从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词which。 【39题详解】 考查数词。句意：野火在美国各地蔓延，该国超过三分之一的区域都发布了高温预警。分数表达里分子用基数词，分母用序数词，三分之一表达为a third，所以此处为third。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：如今一项针对大气环流模式与温室气体的分析表明，这场危机比人们所担忧的还要严峻。analysis是可数名词单数，空前没有限定词，此处表示一项分析，属于泛指，且该单词以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：该结论依据一年多前的数据得出，当时美加两国平均气温几乎翻倍，大约有一千五百人因此失去生命。此处用来修饰数量词，需要使用副词作状语，rough的副词形式是roughly意为“大约”。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：该结论依据一年多前的数据得出，当时美加两国平均气温增至两倍以上，大约有一千五百人因此失去生命。此处讲述过去发生的事情，整体时态为一般过去时，double的过去式为doubled。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：科学家称，“2021年6月下旬，一场罕见且突如其来的热浪席卷了北美西部地区。这场热浪造成数百人丧生，致使沿海大量海洋生物死亡，还引发了严重的山林大火。”此处和形容词extraordinary并列修饰名词heatwave，结合语境表达出乎意料的含义，expect对应的形容词形式unexpected意为“出乎意料的”符合语境。 【44题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：科学家称，“2021年6月下旬，一场罕见且突如其来的热浪席卷了北美西部地区。这场热浪造成数百人丧生，致使沿海大量海洋生物死亡，还引发了严重的山林大火。”hundreds of后接可数名词复数形式，die对应的名词复数形式为deaths。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：数据分析发现，温室气体是以往气温升高的主要原因，也很有可能继续成为影响气温变化的主要因素。此处非谓语动词作定语修饰名词temperatures，此处表示动作已经发生，所以此处使用increase的过去分词increased表示动作已经发生。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第 一 节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校最近举办了首届中国诗歌节。请写封信与英国网友Jack分享这次活动。内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动内容（至少两项）； 3. 个人感受。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jack, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, How are you doing? I’d like to tell you something about my school’s first Chinese poem festival, which was aimed at promoting students’ understanding Chinese poems. The festival appealed to a lot of students who had a great passion for poems. There were many lectures given by famous professors and interesting poem games held by Students Union. What impressed me most was that some students created a great number of outstanding poems. In my opinion, the festival was an unbelievable success, which not only offered us a precious opportunity to appreciate excellent poems, but also aroused our enthusiasm for Chinese poems. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国网友Jack写封信，与他分享学校最近举办的首届中国诗歌节。 【详解】1.词汇积累 著名的：famous→well-known 在我看来：in my opinion→from my point of view 胜利：success→victory 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：There were many lectures given by famous professors and interesting poem games held by Students Union. 拓展句：There were many lectures which were given by famous professors and interesting poem games held by Students Union. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’d like to tell you something about my school’s first Chinese poem festival, which was aimed at promoting students’ understanding Chinese poems.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】The festival appealed to a lot of students who had a great passion for poems.（运用了who引导的定语从句） 【高分句型3】What impressed me most was that some students created a great number of outstanding poems.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The storm arrived much more quickly than the weather forecast had predicted. By the time I drove my car into the small restaurant’s parking lot, the outside world had already become a peaceful white mist. I had not planned to open the restaurant. After all, who would be out in such heavy snow? But then I saw a line of truck drivers walking slowly along the roadside. Their yellow headlights cut through the snow, and the men were shaking from head to toe with cold. One of them knocked. Frost in his beard, he begged, “Madam, is there any chance we could get a coffee? Roads are closed. We won’t make the next stop.” I hesitated. Running the place alone is hard on the best day, and a dozen hungry drivers seemed like a tidal wave. Then I heard my grandmother in my head: When in doubt, feed people. I opened the door, flooded the room with light and waved them in. They settled themselves in the seats without a word. Right away, I brought coffee and before I knew it I was busy making pancakes and bacon, just as if it were a busy Saturday morning. Suddenly, the silence was broken. Laughter took its place. “Angel in an apron (围裙),” one of them said, and I pretended my cheeks weren’t hot. We were strangers, sure, but the night wore down the edges. They took turns sleeping. One — Roy, broad-shouldered — washed dishes without being asked. Another, Vince, fetched a worn guitar from his truck and picked old country tunes until the coffee pot sighed empty. By morning, the snowstorm felt less like a threat and more like an excuse for a reunion none of us knew we needed. The radio confirmed what we’d guessed: no snow cleaning for at least a day. I did a mental list and felt my stomach drop. Ten pounds of flour (面粉), a few cans, some pork — it would be too tight. Roy caught the look on my face. “Are you alright, Madam?” “Just figuring out how to stretch biscuits into three days,” I answered. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hearing my words, the drivers jumped into action without hesitation. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Three days later, the snow stopped and they were prepared to leave. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version Hearing my words, the drivers jumped into action without hesitation. Roy went out to check his truck and found some canned food and bread he’d stored. Vince and another driver walked carefully through the snow to their vehicles and brought back rice, vegetables and instant noodles. Some of them cleared the snow around the restaurant while others helped organize the food supplies. We worked together and divided the food reasonably, making sure it could last three days. Thanks to their kindness and cooperation, we no longer had to worry about food shortage. Three days later, the snow stopped and they were prepared to leave. Before getting into their trucks, each of them thanked me sincerely, saying that my warmth and food had pulled them through the coldest storm. Some gave me small gifts from their trucks, while others gave me firm, grateful hugs. I stood at the door, watching their trucks disappear slowly into the distance, with tears of warmth in my eyes. This storm had brought us together as strangers, but kindness had turned us into family. It taught me that a simple choice to help others can create the most beautiful warmth on the coldest days, and that love and care are always the strongest power to connect people’s hearts. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了暴风雪突至，店主本打算歇业，却收留了被困的卡车司机。她为众人提供食物，司机们也主动帮忙。食物短缺时，大家拿出存粮、合力互助。三天雪停后，陌生人因善意亲如家人，店主也懂得了助人带来的温暖与力量。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“听到我的话，司机们立刻行动起来”可知，第一段可描写食物短缺时，大家拿出存粮、合力互助。 ②由第二段首句内容“三天后，雪停了，他们准备启程离开”可知，第二段可描写三天雪停后，陌生人因善意亲如家人，店主也懂得了助人带来的温暖与力量。 2.续写线索：司机采取行动——合力互助——雪停了——启程离开——店主感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①确保：make sure/ensure ②帮助：help/assist ③消失：disappear/vanish 情绪类 ①真诚地：sincerely/heartfeltly ②感谢：grateful/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1] Before getting into their trucks, each of them thanked me sincerely, saying that my warmth and food had pulled them through the coldest storm. (运用了动名词作宾语以及that引导的宾语从句和现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] I stood at the door, watching their trucks disappear slowly into the distance, with tears of warmth in my eyes. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江西师大附中高二年级英语期中试卷 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放 两遍。 1.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.A song. B.A hobby. C.A hero. 2.What will the man do this Friday afternoon? A.Watch a show. B.See a dentist. C.Chair a meeting. 3.Where are the speakers probably? A.In the supermarket. B.At the airport C.In the car. 4.How does the man sound? A.Alarmed. B Calm. C. Excited. 5.What does the man sugges-Susan do? A.Find academic partners. B.Present research results. C. Seek university funding. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟;听完后， 各小题都有5秒钟 的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Neighbors. B.Friends. C.Coworkers. 7.What is the woman doing? A. Selling flowers. B.Taking a class. C.Tending her garden. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8.Why does the woman talk to the man? A. To discuss the meal plan. B.To order take-away food. C.To complain about the food. 9.What does the woman care about regarding the food? A. Its healthiness. B.Its diversity C.Its taste. 10.What does the man mean in the end? A. The change of oil is well received. B.It’s hard to meet everyone’s needs. C.They will go back to the old recipe. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11.Why did Sam decide to make the show? A.To record kids’life. B.To connect kids to nature. C.To protect the environment. 12.What’s the challenge of organizing a hike for children? A.Keeping kids focused. B.Arousing kids’curiosity. C.Dealing with emergencies. 13.What does Sam intend to film next season? A.A coastal walk. B.A forest adventure. C.A desert hike. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14.What happened to Susan yesterday? A.She had an accident. B.She missed the test. C. She was sick. 15.What is Susan asking Professor Davis about? A. The acting skills. B.The exam content. C.The writing assignment. 16.What does Davis ask Susan to do? A.To attend a meeting. B.To distribute the tickets. C.To reschedule a theater visit. 17.Who is Alan Altman? A.An actor. B.A receptionist. C.Aprofessor. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18.What discount can students get for one book? A.30%. B.20%. C. 10%. 19.What can all students do on the spot? A. Get small prizes B.Grab a free coffee. C.Have a lucky draw. 20.What’s the purpose of this announcement? A.To advertise a bookstore. B.To introduce a book fair. C.To promote new books. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Three Types of Renewable Energy Sources Water Power Water power is the world’s biggest source of renewable energy by far, with China, Brazil, Canada, the U. S. , and Russia the leading water power producers. While water power is a clean energy source provided by rain and snow, it also has several drawbacks. Large dams can damage river ecosystems and surrounding communities, harming wildlife and displacing residents. Even water power at full capacity bears its own emissions problems, as rotting organic material in reservoirs releases methane (甲烷,沼气). Dams aren’t the only way to use water for power. Tidal and wave energy projects around the world aim to capture the ocean’s natural rhythms. The potential marine energy is great. Wind Power Wind turbines (涡轮) are growing around the globe, and China, the U. S., and Germany are the leading wind energy producers. Some people may object to how wind turbines look on the horizon (地平线) and to how they sound, but wind energy, whose prices are declining, is proving too valuable a resource to deny. Another problem with wind turbines is that they’re a danger for birds and bats, killing hundreds of thousands annually that engineers are working on solutions to make them safer for flying wildlife. Solar Power From home rooftops to farms, solar power is reshaping energy markets around the world. In addition to solar panels, which change the sun’s light to electricity, concentrating solar power (CSP) plants use mirrors to concentrate the sun’s heat, getting thermal energy. Solar thermal energy is also being used worldwide for hot water, heating, and cooling. China, Japan, and the U. S. are leading the solar transformation, but solar still has a long way to go. 1. Which country is the leading producer of all the three renewable energies? A. China. B. Japan. C. Germany. D. Russia. 2. What may reduce the disadvantages of water power? A. Gathering organic material in reservoirs. B. Employing alternative water sources. C. Moving residents away from dams D. Using water power at full capacity. 3. What is a problem with the wind turbines? A. They cost too much. B. They occupy much space. C. They cause noise pollution. D. They affect flying wildlife’s health. B Jude and Leo Hawes have come a long way since they entered the world, born at just 29weeks. Airlifted from their home in Launceston to hospital in Hobart, the twins, now happy and healthy two-year-olds, were delivered into the ICU to be cared for and monitored. A gift from the Tasmanian branch of Octopus for a Preemie (早产儿) for them was a light in the dark. “These stories really do remind us why we all spend so much time and our own money making these octopuses (章鱼),” Bianca, the co-founder of the project, tells Woman’s Day. “It means the world to me that I can do something in whatever small way to make the journey for the babies and parents just that little bit easier. I believe if we can help others, no matter how small a way it is, then we should.” The eight-legged creatures are specially created to calm and comfort early newborns.“In instances where the babies can’t be held for weeks, or even months, the familiarity of the parents’ scent (气味) on the octopuses can help with the bonding process because babies already know it as a safe scent when parents can finally hold them,”Bianca says. The volunteer project began after a nurse reached out to Bianca to create a prototype of octopus she could take into hospital for a trial. “It took me a good four to five months to teach myself how to write a pattern and get it approved,”explains Bianca, who creates the handmade helpful octopuses for no cost to families in need. “I started making them as fast as I could, but I wasn’t able to make the amount they needed.” Soon Bianca met the group’s other co-founder Andrea Carey and the pair started creating the creatures in together in their spare time. “I have always enjoyed being creative and my imagination runs wild with colour combinations,” says Bianca, her Facebook page Octopus for a Preemie Tasmania accumulating more than 2000 followers.“It makes my day!” 4. What is the purpose of the project? A. To promote octopuses to preemies. B. To comfort the preemies’ parents. C. To reach out to nurses for preemies. D. To bring a sense of security for preemies. 5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “prototype” In paragraph 4? A. Certificate. B. Model. C. Patent. D. Trademark. 6. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A. It is well received. B. It is highly profitable. C. It needs to be improved. D. It takes ages to see the results. 7. What does Bianca’s story imply? A. Good is rewarded with good. B. Two heads are better than one. C. Small deeds make a difference. D. Actions speak louder than words. C When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents (口音), most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/ Chinese/ etc. But this kind of response makes me fail to understand the true meaning of accents. Usually, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice. Funnily enough, in terms of the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do! Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance, “You got eat or not?” (meaning “Have you eaten?”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different? We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone. Language differences like these provide deep understandings into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is definitely a part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. 8. What does the author think of his/ her friends’ response in paragraph 1? A. It reflects their self-confidence. B. It reflects their language levels. C. It misses the point of communication. D. It misses the real meaning of accents. 9. Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English? A. To support the use of dialects. B. To show the diversity of dialects. C. To correct a grammatical mistake. D. To highlight a traditional approach. 10. What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph? A. Learn to speak with your local dialect. B. Seek for an official definition of accents. C. Appreciate the value of accents and dialects. D. Distinguish our local languages from others’. 11. What can be a suitable title for this passage? A. Everyone Has an Accent B. Accents Weaken Our Uniqueness C. Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding D. Standard English Is at Risk D Dreams, according to Carl Jung, reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness. In Jungian philosophy, the conflict and chaos experienced in dreams finally bring order to our lives. While Jung’s mystical theories were debatable, he was not mistaken about the importance of dreaming. A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways. This trend is causing damage to our immune and metabolic (新陈代谢的) systems, let alone the electronic products that keep us up late at night are ruining our sleep patterns, which has long-term consequences for our memory system. One study showed that not allowing mice to have adequate amounts of REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, the stage in which we dream, the mice couldn’t strengthen memories. You might think this is just a sleep problem, but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest. We sleep in cycles (周期) , each lasting about 90 minutes; in a sleep cycle, we go through non-REM sleep before hitting REM. As the night progresses, REM sleep periods increase in length while deep sleep (one of the stages of non-REM sleep) decreases. The longer we sleep, the more time we spend in REM, which is why we are often dreaming when waking up in the morning. If we sleep less than seven hours, however, it becomes harder to achieve this level of REM. The combination of sleeping and dreaming acts as an emotional stabilizer. We recover from emotional hurt faster when we sleep and dream properly. However, we’re not getting enough sleep to cycle through the stages to take advantage of this natural circadian anti-depressant (抗抑郁药) — dreams. Instead, we get depressed and turn to alcohol or medicines to get to sleep, which only makes things worse because even one drink leads to late REM while anti-depressants promote deep sleep at the expense of REM. We’re paying for this lack of dreaming in many ways. For example, a 2021 study stated that compared with quiet rest and non-REM sleep, REM promoted the formation of associative networks and the integration (整合) of unassociated information. Volunteers that experienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring creative solutions. Rowan Hooper, the managing editor at New Scientist, writes that dreams that include an “emotional core” appear to be a main function of REM sleep and that we should look at sleep patterns as seriously as we look at diet and exercise habits. 12. What’s Carl Jung’s view about dreams? A. They cause chaos. B. They damage immunity. C. They reveal secrets. D. They mirror reality. 13. Why is the sleep process explained in paragraph 3? A. To show a dream mainly occurs during REM sleep. B. To prove the minimum sleep time should be seven hours. C. To prove dream problems and sleep problems are attached. D. To show people often dream when waking up in the morning. 14. What conclusion can be inferred from paragraph 5? A. Dreaming promotes creativity. B. Dreaming helps fight depression. C. The brain still receives new information during REM sleep. D. The brain is paying the price for having more non-REM sleep. 15. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The importance of sleep lies in dreams. B. The absence of dreams is terrible for us. C. Dreaming patterns are more important than we realize. D. Dreaming has mystical power of strengthening memories. 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A few days before, I tried clearing out some old schoolbooks. Deep down, I knew I would never read them again. Yet I realized with myself that maybe they would be helpful someday. ____16____ I am probably not alone in this: this struggle is a phenomenon known as the “Endowment Effect (禀赋效应)”. Psychologists who demonstrated the effect found that people demanded a much higher price to sell a bottle of wine they owned than they were willing to pay to buy that same bottle. ____17____ It explains why we are so unwilling to give something up once we own it. Why does this happen? At first, researchers thought it was a classic case of “loss aversion”, where the pain of losing something feels twice as strong as the pleasure of gaining it. ____18____ Psychologists conclude that we value something more simply because it is ours. We project our identity onto the object, making it painful to move on. Fortunately, there is an effective counteraction: shifting your perspective from an “owner” to a “buyer”. When you are hesitating to throw something away, ask yourself: “How much would I pay to buy this from others now?” ____19____ If that is the case, it is a clear sign you value the item not for its usefulness, but simply for the endowment effect. ____20____ Besides turning our homes into storage units for the past, it makes us mentally trapped in them as well. Recognizing this is the first step toward the liberation of living with less. Make space for what truly matters. A. It just feels right to keep them. B. More often than not, the answer is “nothing”. C. Thus, a price gap exists between buyers and sellers. D. The cost of ownership is often far greater than we think. E. We often mistakenly believe these items define who we are. F. That sounds logical, but the real reason is the sense of ownership itself. G. The inconsistency reveals we overvalue things just because we possess them. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分， 满分15分 ) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mission at twelve was clear: to become the first girl to master the huge skateboard ramp (斜坡) in our town park. It was a towering concrete bowl, a region ___21___ by confident teenage boys. To them, I was ___22___ — just a little girl with pink elbow pads (护肘垫). My older brother would offer ___23___, “Just drop in, Alex! It’s all in your head.” But “dropping in” was ___24___. It meant committing my weight to the abyss (深渊). Every time I stood at the edge, fear ___25___ me. The boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back, ___26___. Weeks passed in a cycle of failure. My knuckles (指关节) were white from gripping the ramp’s edge; my legs were ___27___ bruises (淤青). I cried in frustration, hidden away. It would have been easy to ___28___. But the challenge ___29___ to me. I changed my ____30____. Instead of just failing repeatedly, I started to study the boys’ movements — the angle of their feet, the bend in their knees. I ____31____ it wasn’t just courage; it was a physics problem. I practiced on smaller slopes and ____32____ success in my mind. The day finally came. With a strange calm, I didn’t hesitate. I just ____33____ and dropped in the bowl. The world became a blur. Then, my wheels held, and I flew across the ramp. I had done it. As I stopped, one boy I’d been ____34____ of skated over. He gave a nod and said, “Nice one.” That was all the ____35____ I needed. I learned that failure isn’t the opposite of success; it’s part of its foundation. The lesson was carved into the core of who I am. 21. A. destroyed B. ruled C. built D. forgotten 22. A. invisible B. vigorous C. independent D. passionate 23. A. analyses B. demands C. warnings D. tips 24. A. exciting B. committing C. terrifying D. desperate 25. A. freed B. shocked C. froze D. protected 26. A. upset B. enthusiastic C. dynamic D. cruel 27. A. loaded with B. compared with C. satisfied with D. covered with 28. A. quit B. continue C. complain D. celebrate 29. A. occurred B. listened C. appealed D. apologized 30. A. direction B. strategy C. clothes D. board 31. A. clarified B. imagined C. realized D. doubted 32. A. pictured B. ignored C. forgot D. illustrated 33. A. thought B. rushed C. fell D. leaned 34. A. proud B. afraid C. envious D. aware 35. A. approval B. money C. punishment D. advice 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分 ) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Britain’s record 40℃ temperatures will be normal within 30 years, according to new research. The study warns that extreme heatwaves will increase ___36___ more than 30 percent in the coming years. They ___37___ (fuel) by the burning of fossil fuels and other human activities, according to scientists. Tuesday was the hottest day ever recorded in the UK, ___38___ is an early preview of what climate forecasters believe will be typical summer weather in 2050. Wildfires have swept across the US, where more than a ___39___ (three) of the country is under heat warnings. Now ___40___ analysis of atmospheric circulation patterns and greenhouse gases suggests the crisis is worse than feared. It is based on data from just over a year ago when ___41___ (rough) 1,500 people died as average temperatures in the US and Canada more than ___42___ (double). “An extraordinary and ____43____ (expect) heatwave swept western North America in late June of 2021. It resulted in hundreds of ___44___ (die) and a massive die-off of sea creatures off the coast as well as horrible wildfires,” say scientists. Computer data found greenhouse gases are the main reason for ____45____ (increase) temperatures in the past and will be likely to become the main contributing factor. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第 一 节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校最近举办了首届中国诗歌节。请写封信与英国网友Jack分享这次活动。内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动内容（至少两项）； 3. 个人感受。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jack, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The storm arrived much more quickly than the weather forecast had predicted. By the time I drove my car into the small restaurant’s parking lot, the outside world had already become a peaceful white mist. I had not planned to open the restaurant. After all, who would be out in such heavy snow? But then I saw a line of truck drivers walking slowly along the roadside. Their yellow headlights cut through the snow, and the men were shaking from head to toe with cold. One of them knocked. Frost in his beard, he begged, “Madam, is there any chance we could get a coffee? Roads are closed. We won’t make the next stop.” I hesitated. Running the place alone is hard on the best day, and a dozen hungry drivers seemed like a tidal wave. Then I heard my grandmother in my head: When in doubt, feed people. I opened the door, flooded the room with light and waved them in. They settled themselves in the seats without a word. Right away, I brought coffee and before I knew it I was busy making pancakes and bacon, just as if it were a busy Saturday morning. Suddenly, the silence was broken. Laughter took its place. “Angel in an apron (围裙),” one of them said, and I pretended my cheeks weren’t hot. We were strangers, sure, but the night wore down the edges. They took turns sleeping. One — Roy, broad-shouldered — washed dishes without being asked. Another, Vince, fetched a worn guitar from his truck and picked old country tunes until the coffee pot sighed empty. By morning, the snowstorm felt less like a threat and more like an excuse for a reunion none of us knew we needed. The radio confirmed what we’d guessed: no snow cleaning for at least a day. I did a mental list and felt my stomach drop. Ten pounds of flour (面粉), a few cans, some pork — it would be too tight. Roy caught the look on my face. “Are you alright, Madam?” “Just figuring out how to stretch biscuits into three days,” I answered. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hearing my words, the drivers jumped into action without hesitation. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Three days later, the snow stopped and they were prepared to leave. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $