Unit 8 课时3 Section 2 Grammar（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版八年级下册

**基本信息** 本练习为初中英语新授课同步练，围绕Unit 8语法（原因状语从句及because/because of用法）设计三层进阶训练，从基础规则到语篇综合应用，适配新授课知识巩固与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|单一语法点（连词辨析、句型转换）|通过翻译、填空、选择聚焦规则应用，夯实语言能力基础| |能力提升|语法知识情境化应用|阅读配对结合神秘事件主题，训练语境分析与思维推断能力| |拓展培优|语篇层面综合运用|语法选择、完形填空及阅读理解融入生态、未来生活等跨文化主题，深化语言综合能力与学习策略|

Unit 8 Imagine that! Section 3 Grammar分层练习 点对点练习 翻译 1.I was late this morning because I missed the first bus. 2.Since you have finished your homework, you can take a rest. 3.As you’re busy, you needn’t go to see him today. B Because和 because of because of和because是同义词，都可以表示原因，但是，because的后面用句子；because of的后面用名词、代词或者动名词短语形式。例如： 点对点练习 1.1.because 2.because of 3. because of 4.because 5. because of 2.Because 3.because of broken 4. because of heavy 5.A because 6.because 二、单项选择。 1-5 ADABD 6-10 ACAAC 11-15 CADBA 三、用适当的连词完成下列句子 1.Since 2.As 3.because 4. for 5.because 6.because of 7.because 8.because of 9.As/Since /because 10.As 11.Since/as 12.because 13.Since 14.because 15.Since/as 四、完成句子。 1. Because of 2.Since/As 3. As/since/because 4.because 5.Since/As/Because 6.because of 7.Since/As 五、翻译句子 1.The birds flew away in fear because they heard strange sounds. 2.As everyone is busy, I will finish the work by myself. 3.Since life can appear on Earth, it may also appear on other planets. 4.Since you have known the truth, there is no need to be so sad. 5.The spaceship couldn't fly because of the damage. 六、短文填词 语法填空 1. has revealed 2. chemicals 3. producing 4. more effectively 5. to prove 6. themselves 7. first 8. An 9. through 10. If/When 五、阅读配对 1. E 2. C 3. G 4. D 5. B 七、语法选择 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B 八、完形填空 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. D 九、阅读理解 A 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A B 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B C阅读还原 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. F 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Imagine that! Section 3 Grammar分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、基础夯实 A 原因状语从句 在句中表示原因、理由的从句叫原因状语从句。 1 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, since, as。 2 表示语气的强弱顺序是：because﹥since﹥as。 3 这些连词都不能和so连用。 4 当原因状语从句放于句首时，通常要用逗号与主句隔开。 点对点练习 翻译 1.我今天早上迟到是因为我没能赶上第一班公共汽车。 【答案】I was late this morning because I missed the first bus. 2.既然你已完成了作业，那就休息一下吧。 【答案】Since you have finished your homework, you can take a rest. 3.你很忙，就没必要今天去看他了。 【答案】As you’re busy, you needn’t go to see him today. B Because和 because of because of和because是同义词，都可以表示原因，但是，because的后面用句子；because of的后面用名词、代词或者动名词短语形式。例如： 点对点练习 1. 用because和because of填空。 (1) _he is ill, he is absent today. (2)He is not at school his illness. (3)He can’t come the heavy rain. (4)We like physics we can learn a lot of ideas. (5)The students didn’t need to go to school __________ ____ the storm. 【答案】 1.because 2.because of 3. because of 4.because 5. because of 2.He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. （同义句改写） _____________ he was ill, he didn’t go to school. 【答案】Because 3. He couldn’t walk because his leg was broken. （同义句改写） He couldn’t walk ____________ ________ his _________ leg. 【答案】because of broken 4. I came back because it was raining heavily. （同义句改写） I came back ___________ ________ the ________ rain. 【答案】 because of heavy 5. ______ I don’t have enough money, ______ I can’t afford the car. A. /; so B. Because; so C./; and D./; because 【答案】A because通常用来回答why提出的问题，与so不能同时使用。 6. He didn’t go to school yesterday ____ he was ill. A. because B. because of C. if D. so 【答案】because 后面通常接句子，表示“原因”。Because of 接短语。 二、单项选择。 1.We didn’t enjoy the day ______ the weather was so bad. A. because B. though C. unless D. till 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们不喜欢这一天，____天气太坏了。前后因果关系。故选A 2 The baby is sleeping, _______ you’d better keep quiet. A. but B. or C. because D. so 【答案】D 【解析】句意：孩子在睡觉，你最好保持安静。前后句子因果关系。这里表示结果故选D 3 They were late for the meeting ______ the heavy rain. A. because of B. because C. since D. as 【答案】A 【解析】句意：因为大雨，他们开会迟到了。the heavy rain. 是短语。故用A 4. It rained last night, _______ the ground is wet. A. or B. for C. but D. though 【答案】B 【解析】句意：昨晚下雨了，因为地上是湿的。For表示解释的原因。 5.She won’t go to the cinema ______ she has already seen the film. A. until B. if C. so D. because 【答案】D 【解析】句意：她不会去看电影的，_____她已经看过这部电影了。前后句子因果关系。故选D 6 ______ you’re tired, you’d better stay at home and have a rest. A. Since B. Or C. Though D. Till 【答案】A 【解析】句意：既然你累了，你最好呆在家里休息一下。since ，从句表示明显的或已为人所知的理由，常译为“因为；既然” 7. — Why didn’t you go to the party? — ______ I wasn’t invited. A. As B. Since C. Because D. So 【答案】C 【解析】回答why的句子只能用because。because 表示直接原因，着重点在从句，它所指的原因通常是听话人所不知道的，语气最强。常用来回答why 的提问 8. —The story of Huang Xuhua, father of China’s nuclear submarines (核潜艇), moved us a lot. —Yes. ________ he loved our country so much, he worked secretly on nuclear submarines for years. A. Since B. As soon as C. Unless D. When 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——中国核潜艇之父黄旭华的故事深深打动了我们。——是的，因为他如此热爱我们的国家，所以他秘密从事核潜艇研究工作多年。 Since因为/自从；As soon as一……就……；Unless除非；when当……时候。根据上下文逻辑，“他热爱国家”是“他秘密从事核潜艇研究多年”的原因，应填Since。 9. I read the book Around the World in Eighty Days ________ I like Jules Verne’s novels very much. A. because B. so C. but D. or 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我读了《八十天环游地球》这本书，因为我非常喜欢儒勒·凡尔纳的小说。 because因为；so所以；but但是；or或者。根据后半句“I like Jules Verne’s novels very much”可知，这是读这本书的原因，前后句为因果关系，且后句解释原因，故用because。 10. — The road up to the top of the mountain is still closed till the snow weather is over. — It’s necessary, ________ it’s dangerous to go up the mountain in the snowy weather. A. if B. whether C. as D. although 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——通往山顶的道路仍然关闭，直到下雪天气结束。——这是必要的，因为下雪天上山很危险。 考查连词辨析。if如果；whether是否；as因为；although虽然。横线前“It’s necessary”是对上面对话的肯定，即下雪天关闭上山的路是很有必要的，横线后所述“it’s dangerous to go up the mountain in the snowy weather.”是关闭道路的原因，因为雪天上山很危险。故选C。 11. Let’s go home, ________ it is late. A. so B. and C. as D. but 【答案】C 【解析】句意：让我们回家吧，因为时间太晚了。 考查连词辨析。so所以；and并且；as因为；but但是。横线后“it is late”是前文“Let’s go home”的原因，故选C。 12. ________ everyone is here, let’s start to discuss how to rescue them. A. Since B. But C. Or D. So 【答案】A 【解析】句意：既然大家都到了，让我们开始讨论如何营救他们吧。 Since既然，因为；But但是；Or或者；So所以。根据“everyone is here”与“let’s start to discuss”之间的逻辑关系可知，前后为因果关系，既然人员到齐，便开始讨论，since符合语境。 13. He didn’t go to the cinema not ____ the bad weather, but ________ he didn’t want to see the film. A. because of; because of B. because; because of C. because; because D. because of; because 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他没有去看电影不是因为天气不好，而是因为他不想看这部电影。 考查近义词辨析。because of因为，后接名词、代词或动名词等；because因为，后接句子。根据语境及句子结构可知，第一空后“the bad weather”是名词短语，所以第一空应用because of；第二空后“he didn’t want to see the film”是一个完整的句子，所以第二空应用because。故选D。 14.--He sleeps with the window open ______ it’s really cold. --That’s ______ he wants to let fresh air in.       A. until; because   B. unless; why   C. until; why   D. unless; because 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 除非天气真的很冷，否则他开着窗户睡觉。—— 那是他想让新鲜空气进来的原因。 考查连词辨析。unless 意为 “除非”，引导条件状语从句；why 意为 “…… 的原因”，That's why... 为固定句型，表示 “那是…… 的原因”；until 意为 “直到”，不符合语境；because 引导原因状语从句，不用于该固定句型。结合句意和句式搭配，第一空用 unless，第二空用 why。故选 B。 15. I didn’t go to the party not________ the weather, but _______I didn’t feel well. A. because of; because B. because; because of C. because; because D. because of; because of 【答案】A句意：我没去聚会不是因为天气，而是因为我感觉不舒服。 because of 和because都表示原因，区别是前者后面接名词性短语，后者接从句。前文根据the weather可知用because of，后者根据I didn't feel well可知用because。故选A。 三、用适当的连词完成下列句子 1. ___________ you know you are wrong, you had better admit it. 2. ___________ he couldn’t express himself freely, he had to make some gestures. 3. Many people like pandas ______________ they are cute. 4. It must be snowing, ___________ it is so bright outside. 5. —Why didn’t he come? —___________ he was ill. 6. ___________ your help, we could finish the job on time. 7. The ground is wet ___________ it has rained. 8.He was punished _______________ breaking the law. 9.___________ we live near the river, we can often go swimming in summer. 10._________ a good teacher, he worked very hard. 11.___________ you feel ill, you’d better stay in bed. 12.She was well paid, _____ she did her work well. 13. ______ the earth is round, why do we not fall off? 14. He failed again _______ he didn’t work hard. 15._______you don’t know the answer, I will ask someone to help you. 【答案】1.Since 2.As 3.because 4. for 5.because 6.because of 7.because 8.because of 9.As/Since /because 10.As 11.Since/as 12.because 13.Since 14.because 15.Since/as 四、完成句子。 1. 他因为一场事故失去了双亲。 He lost his parents __________ _______ an accident. 【答案】Because of 2.既然你已经在这儿了，何不多待两天？ ____________ you are here, why not stay for two more days? 【答案】Since/As 3. 你生病了，最好去看看医生。 ____________ you are ill, you’d better go to see a doctor. 【答案】As/since/because 4. 我没去那里，因为我不想见到他。 I didn’t go there _________ I didn’t want to see him. 【答案】because 5. 因为要赶去火车站，他们很早就起床了。 _______________ they needed to go to the train station, they got up early. 【答案】Since/As/Because 6. 因为下雨，运动会延期了。 The sports meeting was put off __________ ________ the rain. 【答案】because of 7.既然你对科幻小说感兴趣，你应该读读《三体》。 ________ you are interested in science fiction, you should read “The Three-Body Problem”. 【答案】Since/As 五、翻译句子 1.鸟儿们因为听到奇怪的声音而恐惧地飞走了。（because） The birds flew away in fear because they heard strange sounds. 2.由于大家都很忙，我将自己完成这项工作。(As...) As everyone is busy, I will finish the work by myself. 3.既然地球上能孕育生命，那么其他星球上也有可能出现生命。（since） Since life can appear on Earth, it may also appear on other planets. 4.既然你已经知道事实真相，你就没有必要那么伤心了。(since) Since you have known the truth, there is no need to be so sad. 5.因为受损，这艘宇宙飞船无法飞行。（because of） The spaceship couldn't fly because of the damage. 六、短文填词 语法填空 For years, most people believed plants lived quiet, passive (被动的) lives. However, recent research 1 (reveal) a surprising truth: plants are constantly “talking” and interacting in ways we are just beginning to understand. A plant’s primary means of communication is chemical. When attacked by insects, many plants release 2 (chemical) into the air. This is not just a simple reaction; it’s a sophisticated warning system. Neighboring plants that detect these signals then start 3 (produce) their own defensive chemicals. Studies show a plant under threat can communicate 4 (effective) than we once imagined, triggering defenses in plants several meters away. In one key experiment, scientists designed some brilliant experiments 5 (prove) this phenomenon. They placed aphids (蚜虫) on a tomato plant and watched. Soon, nearby, untouched plants also began preparing 6 (them) for attack by raising their toxin levels. This showed the message was being received. The 7 (one) clear evidence came from this simple but clever test. 8 underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet, connecting plant roots. Through this “Wood Wide Web,” plants can share nutrients and information. A strong, old tree might, for example, help a weak seedling by sending it sugars 9 this network. 10 this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly. This hidden conversation challenges us to look at the plant world with new respect. Plants are not just passive background objects; they are active participants in a complex, silent dialogue that sustains life on Earth. 【答案】 1. has revealed 2. chemicals 3. producing 4. more effectively 5. to prove 6. themselves 7. first 8. An 9. through 10. If/When 【解析】本文通过最新研究揭示了植物并非被动生存的生物，它们能通过化学信号释放警告、与邻近植物互动，还能借助真菌形成的地下 “植物互联网” 共享养分与信息。这一发现挑战了人们对植物的传统认知，展现了植物在生态系统中积极交流、维系生命的复杂机制。 1. 句意：然而，近期研究揭示了一个惊人的真相：植物一直在以我们才刚刚开始理解的方式“交谈”和互动。根据“recent research...a surprising truth”可知，研究是在过去某个时间开始的，但其揭示的结果对现在的认知产生了持续影响，所以时态为现在完成时，主语是research，助动词用has，reveal的过去分词是revealed。故填has revealed。 2. 句意：当被昆虫攻击时，许多植物会向空气中释放化学物质。根据“many plants release...”可知，此处应填名词作宾语，chemical“化学物质”，是可数名词，植物释放的化学物质不止一种，因此用复数形式。故填chemicals。 3. 句意：检测到这些信号的邻近植物随后会开始产生自己的防御性化学物质。“start doing sth”表示“开始做某事”，produce的动名词形式是producing。 4. 句意：研究表明，受威胁的植物能比我们想象的更有效地交流，触发数米外植物的防御反应。根据“communicate...than”可知，此处需用副词比较级，effective的副词形式是effectively，effectively的比较级形式是more effectively。故填more effectively。 5. 句意：在一项关键实验中，科学家设计了一些精妙的实验来证明这一现象。根据“ scientists designed some brilliant experiments...this phenomenon.”可知，设计实验是为了证明这一现象，所以填动词不定式。故填to prove。 6. 句意：很快，附近未受影响的植物也开始通过提高毒素水平使自己为攻击做准备。根据“untouched plants also began preparing...for attack by raising their toxin levels”可知，此处是“prepare oneself for sth”，表示“为自己准备某事”，them的反身代词是themselves。故填themselves。 7. 句意：第一个清晰的证据就来自这个简单却巧妙的实验。根据“The...clear evidence came from this simple but clever test.”可知，此处需表达“第一个清晰的证据”，用序数词first修饰evidence。故填first。 8. 句意：由真菌构成的地下网络就像互联网一样，将植物的根部连接起来。根据“underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet,”可知，此处表泛指，且underground以元音音素开头，句首首字母要大写，因此用不定冠词An。故填An。 9. 句意：例如，一棵强壮的老树可能会通过这个网络向弱小的幼苗输送糖分来帮助它。根据“by sending it sugars...this network”可知，此处指通过这个网络输送糖分，应填through。故填through。 10. 句意：如果/当这种连接被切断，幼苗的存活率会大幅下降。根据“...this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly.”可知，此处可填if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果这种连接被切断”；也可填when引导时间状语从句，意为“当这种连接被切断”。句首首字母要大写。故填If/When。 五、阅读配对 配对阅读。左栏是五则神秘事件，右栏是七则观点或答复。请将相关的内容进行匹配。选项中有两项为多余项。 1 Tom is uneasy these days. He usually wakes up at night because there are strange noises at the door. He believes that there are aliens. 2 Sam reads a book called Outlander. It is about a woman nurse traveling in the past. Some believe there are tunnels (隧道) that can make time travel happen. 3 Mike saw a round object flying in the sky. He thought it was a balloon. However, the TV reported that there was no balloon at all. It disappeared suddenly. Then Mike believed it was a UFO. 4 Roger is curious about aliens. He is sure that there are aliens in outer space. We are not alone in this galaxy. 5 Vicky lives in the mountains. Every night she hears strange sounds, ooh, ooh, ooh... She thinks it might be someone playing tricks on her. However, there are no other neighbors in the area. She is worried. A. A balloon is flying in the sky. It flies at a low speed and can be seen clearly. B. There are wolves and owls living in the mountain areas. You should be careful with them. If you hear any noise, you can call the police. You don’t need to worry too much. C. According to recent research, time travel is possible. Man can travel both to the past and the future. It is said that if you want to try time travel, you are supposed to use jade as a guide. D. There is no doubt that we are not the only intelligent creature (生物) in this galaxy. E. The sound at the door may be a dog or a cat. You don’t need to worry about it. The police are on patrol (巡逻). If you hear any noise, just call 911. We’ll help you. F. There might be lives on Mars, and they live underground. They are shy and they can’t talk. G. A new type of flying car was having a test flight. It was round and fast. It would fly at a speed of 2,000 miles per hour, and it disappeared in no time. 【答案】1. E 2. C 3. G 4. D 5. B 【解析】本文是根据五则神秘事件，匹配对应的观点或答复。 1. 根据“Tom is uneasy these days. He usually wakes up at night because there are strange noises at the door. He believes that there are aliens.”可知，Tom听到了门口奇怪的声音，感到不安。选项E“门口的声音可能是狗或猫。你不用担心。警察在巡逻。如果你听到任何声音，就打911。我们会帮助你。”符合语境。故选E。 2. 根据“Sam reads a book called Outlander. It is about a woman nurse traveling in the past. Some believe there are tunnels that can make time travel happen.”可知，Sam读了关于时间旅行的书。选项C“根据近期研究，时间旅行是可能的。人类可以穿梭到过去和未来。据说如果你想尝试时间旅行，你应该以玉为引。”符合语境。故选C。 3. 根据“Mike saw a round object flying in the sky. He thought it was a balloon. However, the TV reported that there was no balloon at all. It disappeared suddenly. Then Mike believed it was a UFO.”可知，Mike看到一个圆形物体在天空中飞。他认为那是一个气球。它突然消失了。选项G“一种新型飞行汽车正在试飞。它是圆形的，速度很快。它的飞行速度可达每小时2000英里，并且瞬间消失了。”符合语境。故选G。 4. 根据“Roger is curious about aliens. He is sure that there are aliens in outer space. We are not alone in this galaxy.”可知，Roger对外星人很好奇。他确信在这个星系中，我们并不孤单。选项D“毫无疑问，我们不是这个星系中唯一的智慧生物。”符合语境。故选D。 5. 根据“Vicky lives in the mountains. Every night she hears strange sounds, ooh, ooh, ooh... She thinks it might be someone playing tricks on her. However, there are no other neighbors in the area. She is worried.”可知，Vicky住在山里。每天晚上她都会听到奇怪的声音。然而，这个地区没有其他邻居。她很担心。选项B“山区生活着狼和猫头鹰。你应该小心它们。如果你听到任何声音，可以报警。你不必太担心。”符合语境。故选B。 七、语法选择 One day, two boys were fighting badly. They both wanted 1 the train and railway set. Their father saw this, pulled them apart, and said, “My little sons, you 2 a lot of stories about animals since you were born. Did you know 3 hunters caught monkeys in the past? They would place a glass jar 4 a small neck on the ground. Then, inside the jar, the monkeys’ favorite food would 5 .” “When 6 monkey found the jar,” the father said, “it would reach inside, take the food, and try to 7 . The monkey could have gotten its hand out 8 the neck of the jar hadn’t been so small. It couldn’t get out without giving up the food.” The boys listened 9 , their eyes wide with curiosity. “No matter how hard the monkey tried,” the father continued, “it couldn’t free its hand with the food in it. The monkey would pull and tug, but the narrow neck of the jar made it impossible to escape 10 it was holding the food.” The children asked together, “What?” The father replied, “The monkey always refused to let go. It held onto the food, never giving up. It was too stubborn to realize that letting go was the only way to be free. Then the hunters came over and got the monkey with excitement.” The boys looked at each other, understanding the lesson their father was trying to teach 11 . “So, my little sons, remember this story. In life, you 12 be wise. Know when to give up, when to move on, and when to let go of whatever is holding you back. Just like the monkey, sometimes it’s better to give up 13 small to find a better way to reach your dreams. You can always find 14 train set, but fighting won’t help you get it.” The boys nodded, realizing that sometimes, letting go is the 15 choice. 1. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 2. A. read B. reads C. have read D. had read 3. A. why B. when C. where D. how 4. A. with B. of C. within D. beside 5. A. was put B. puts C. be put D. have put 6. A. the B. a C. an D. / 7. A. get out them B. get them out C. get out it D. get it out 8. A. when B. if C. as D. though 9. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. caring 10. A. after B. while C. before D. when 11. A. theirs B. their C. they D. them 12. A. should B. can C. must D. may 13. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 14. A. other B. the other C. another D. others 15. A. wise B. wisest C. wiser D. wisely 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】本文讲述父亲通过猴子抓食物的寓言教导孩子学会适时放弃的道理。 1. 句意：他们俩都想得到火车和铁轨套装。 get得到，动词原形；to get得到，不定式；getting得到，现在分词；got得到，过去式。want to do sth.“想做某事”，是固定搭配。故选B。 2. 句意：我的小儿子们，你们从出生起就读了很多关于动物的故事。 read读，动词原形；reads读，三单形式；have read，现在完成时；had read，过去完成时。根据“since you were born”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故选C。 3. 句意：你们知道过去猎人是怎么抓猴子的吗？ why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里；how怎样。后文描述猎人用罐子抓猴子的方法，需用how表示方式，故选D。 4. 句意：他们会在地上放一个窄颈的玻璃罐子。 with有；of……的；within在……里；beside在旁边。“a small neck”是罐子的特征，用with表示伴随属性，故选A。 5. 句意：然后，罐子里会放上猴子最爱吃的食物。 was put被放置；puts放置；be put被放置；have put已经放。“would”后接动词原形，且食物是被放入，需用被动语态。故选C。 6. 句意：“当一只猴子发现罐子时，”父亲说，“它会把手伸进去，抓住食物，然后试图把它拿出来。如果罐子颈没有那么细的话，猴子本可以把它的手抽出来。不放弃食物，它就拔不出手来。” the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。此处表示泛指的含义，monkey是辅音音素开头的单词，a符合。故选B。 7. 句意：“当一只猴子发现罐子时，”父亲说，“它会把手伸进去，抓住食物，然后试图把它拿出来。如果罐子颈没有那么细的话，猴子本可以把它的手抽出来。不放弃食物，它就拔不出手来。” get out them，错误搭配；get them out把它们拿出来；get out it，错误搭配；get it out把它拿出来。此处指食物，用代词it指代。故选D。 8. 句意：如果罐子颈没有那么细的话，猴子本可以把它的手抽出来。 when当……时候；if如果；as因为；though尽管。此处是虚拟条件句，需用if引导。故选B。 9. 句意：男孩们仔细听着，眼睛因好奇而睁得大大的。 care照顾，动词；careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词；caring关心他人的，形容词。此处需用副词修饰动词“listened”。故选C。 10. 句意：猴子会又拉又拽，但罐子颈太窄，它抓着食物时就不可能逃脱。 after在……之后；while与……同时；before在……之前；when当……时候。此处强调“抓着食物”和“无法逃脱”同时发生，且“抓着食物”是一个持续性的状态，while符合。故选B。 11. 句意：男孩们面面相觑，明白了父亲想教导他们的道理。 theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；they他们，主格；them他们，宾格。“teach”后接宾语，需用人称代词宾格them。故选D。 12. 句意：在生活中，你们应该是明智的。 should应该；can能够；must必须；may可能。父亲建议孩子“应当”学会取舍。故选A。 13. 句意：就像那只猴子一样，有时候，放弃一点小东西，才能找到更好的方式去实现梦想。 something某物；anything任何事物；everything一切；nothing没有什么。根据“Just like the monkey, sometimes it’s better to give up…small to find a better way to reach your dreams.”的语境可知，此处指放弃一点小东西，才能找到更好的方式去实现梦想，此句为肯定句，A项符合。故选A。 14. 句意：你们总能找到另一套火车玩具，但打架并不能帮你们得到它。 other其他的；the other（两者中的）另一个；another另一个，表示泛指；others其他。此处泛指“另一套”火车玩具，用another。故选C。 15. 句意：男孩们点了点头，意识到有时候，放手才是最明智的选择。 wise明智的；wisest最明智的；wiser更明智的；wisely明智地。此处用形容词，修饰名词choice，根据the可知，此处用最高级形式。故选B。 八、完形填空 The sun is shining and birds are singing. On such a 1 morning, a UFO lands in a forest. A boy called Bill is just 2 it behind a tree. Suddenly, a tall alien comes out of the UFO. He starts picking up 3 . One by one, he takes photos of them. When he 4 , he puts them into a box. The alien sees something move and asks, “Is anybody there?” Bill doesn’t answer. The alien 5 the person watching and sees Bill. “Oh, there is someone. Hello!” the alien says. “You can come closer.” “What are you doing?” Bill asks. “I’m 6 flowers,” the alien says. “Flowers? For what?” asks Bill. “I’m going to take them back to my planet,” says the alien. “Aren’t there any flowers on yours?” asks Bill. “No. Our planet hasn’t had flowers for long,” the alien says 7 . “We have too much rubbish, and we cut down too many trees. Now it’s like a desert. Almost no water is left. All of the 8 that grew on our planet are gone.” “That’s terrible,” says Bill. “Is anyone doing anything about it?” “Yes... That’s why I’m here and we want to find plants from other planets. We study them to learn about water. I believe someday water will come back to our planet.” “Wow,” Bill says, “What’s the 9 of your planet?” “It’s called Rozul,” the alien says. “Long ago, it was very beautiful. But if we work hard, Rozul will be 10 again.” And then the alien returns to the UFO. Bill waves as it rises and flies away. 1. A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy 2. A. waiting B. pointing C. watching D. protecting 3. A. trees B. flowers C. birds D. ants 4. A. finishes B. changes C. hopes D. tries 5. A. looks after B. looks at C. looks like D. looks for 6. A. drawing B. collecting C. watering D. growing 7. A. nervously B. curiously C. sadly D. easily 8. A. plants B. animals C. aliens D. people 9. A. size B. story C. name D. number 10. A. safe B. free C. different D. wonderful 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. D 【解析】本文主要介绍了一个叫比尔的男孩在森林里遇到一个外星人，外星人来自星球罗祖尔，该星球因垃圾多、树木砍伐严重变得像沙漠，水资源几乎耗尽，植物消失，外星人来地球收集花朵等植物研究水，希望让星球恢复美好，最后外星人返回UFO离开的故事。 1. 句意：在这样一个阳光明媚的早晨，一艘不明飞行物降落在一片森林里。 根据前文“The sun is shining and birds are singing.”可知，天气是阳光明媚的。sunny意为“阳光充足的，晴朗的”，符合语境；rainy意为“下雨的”；cloudy意为“多云的”；snowy意为“下雪的”，均不符合此时阳光照耀的情境。 2. 句意：一个叫比尔的男孩正躲在一棵树后观察它。 结合语境，男孩比尔应该是在树后看着不明飞行物。watching有“观看，注视”的意思，符合文意；waiting是“等待”，后面一般接for；pointing是“指着”；protecting是“保护”，均不符合此处表达比尔在观察UFO的语境。 3. 句意：他开始采摘花朵。 根据后文“One by one, he takes photos of them. When he…, he puts them into a box.”以及最后外星人说“I’m…flowers”可知，外星人在收集花。flowers符合语境；trees意为“树”，树太大不太可能放进盒子；birds是“鸟”，不符合放进盒子的描述；ants是“蚂蚁”，与后文放进盒子以及外星人的话不相符。 4. 句意：当他完成后，他把它们放进一个盒子里。 这里说外星人拍完照片后把花放进盒子，finishes表示“完成”，即拍完花的照片后完成了拍照这个动作，然后把花放进盒子，符合逻辑；changes是“改变”；hopes是“希望”；tries是“尝试”，都不符合此处语境。 5. 句意：外星人寻找那个在观察的人，然后看到了比尔。 前文外星人感觉到有人在，然后应该是寻找这个在看他的人，looks for意为“寻找”，符合语境；looks after是“照顾”；looks at是“看”，没有寻找的意思；looks like是“看起来像”，均不符合此处外星人寻找观察者的意思。 6. 句意：“我在采集花朵。”外星人说。 结合前文外星人拍照并把花放进盒子的行为，可知他是在收集花，collecting意为“收集”，符合文意；drawing是“画画”；watering是“浇水”；growing是“种植”，都不符合外星人此时的行为。 7. 句意：“没有。我们星球已经很久没有花了。”外星人悲伤地说。 根据语境，外星人描述星球荒芜的心情应该是悲伤的，sadly意为“悲伤地”，符合语境；nervously意为“紧张地”；curiously意为“好奇地”；easily意为“容易地”，均不符合此处语境。 8. 句意：我们星球上生长的所有植物都消失了。 根据前文提到外星上没有花了，结合“grew on our planet”可知这里说的是生长在他们星球上的植物，plants意为“植物”，符合文意；animals意为“动物”；aliens意为“外星人”；people意为“人”，均不符合此处所指内容。 9. 句意：“哇，”比尔说，“你们星球叫什么名字？” 根据答语“It’s called Rozul”可知比尔是在询问外星人他们星球的名字，name意为“名字”，符合语境；size意为“尺寸”；story意为“故事”；number意为“数字”，均不符合此处询问的内容。 10. 句意：但如果我们努力，罗祖尔将再次变得美好。 根据前文“Long ago, it was very beautiful.”以及“if we work hard”可知这里表示如果努力，星球会再次变得美好，wonderful意为“美好的”，符合文意；safe意为“安全的”；free意为“自由的”；different意为“不同的”，均不符合此处表达的意思。 九、阅读理解 A Many people today feel stressed (感到压力) by lasting competition, often called the “rat race (内卷).” This means facing too much pressure (压力) in almost every part of life. Parents feel they must give their children the best things and opportunities. Students get caught in an educational race, feeling they need to get grades and to attend the best schools to succeed. Office workers often put in very long hours, sometimes over 10 hours a day. People push themselves extremely hard to make more money or achieve big goal believing this is the only path to a good life. However, this lasting struggle often leads to more worry and unhappiness instead of achievement. Because of this heavy pressure, some people choose a different path called “lying flat. ” They decide to stop chasing those big, stressful goals like buying an expensive house, getting the highest grades, or landing the best job. They might lose interest in working or studying hard. Instead of trying new things or learning new skills, they might just stay in their comfort zone, watching videos or playing games for long hours. This can make them feel left behind as the world changes. Sadly, this choice often leads to feeling upset and losing confidence in themselves because they aren’t moving forward. Clearly, neither the exhausting (使人精疲力尽的) “rat race” nor completely “lying flat” is a healthy or happy solution. Living only for lasting competition makes people tired, stressed, and often unhappy. On the other hand, giving up completely leads to boredom, feeling worried, and missing out on opportunities. The best way forward is to find a balanced way. We should still have dreams and goals, but we can pursue (追求) them with healthy competition. Healthy competition means trying our best, learning, and improving ourselves, but without endlessly comparing ourselves to others or pushing to the point of tiredness. It’s like playing a sport: you try to win, but you also enjoy the game and respect your teammates and opponents (对手). This balanced way allows us to make steady progress, learn new things, and achieve meaningful things, while still having time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and be happy. It helps us avoid the extreme tiredness of the “rat race” and the lack of purpose in “lying flat,” leading to a more satisfying life. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The “rat race” is necessary for success in life. B. “Lying flat” is a good way to avoid stress. C. Both the “rat race” and “lying flat” have their advantages. D. A balanced way to life is the best solution. 2. What does the passage suggest about people who “lie flat”? A. They are more successful in life. B. They feel more relaxed and happy. C. They may lose confidence and feel left behind. D. They are more likely to achieve their goals. 3. What does the author mean by “healthy competition”? A. Competing with others to make more money. B. Managing to improve yourself without lasting comparison to others. C. Working extremely hard to achieve big goals. D. Trying to be the best in everything you do. 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To suggest a balanced approach to life as the best solution. B. To ask people to stop competing and “lie flat.” C. To explain why the “rat race” is the only way to succeed. D. To encourage people to work harder and achieve more. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了现代社会中普遍存在的两种生活态度——“内卷”和“躺平”，并指出这两种态度都存在弊端，进而提出平衡的生活方式才是最佳解决方案。 1. 主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了“内卷”现象，即人们在生活的各个方面都面临巨大压力，接着描述了与之相反的“躺平”现象，即一些人选择放弃追求高压力的目标，但随后指出这两种态度都存在问题。最后，文章提出平衡的生活方式，即既要有梦想和目标，又要以健康的方式追求它们，避免过度竞争和完全放弃。因此，文章的主旨大意是平衡的生活方式是最佳解决方案。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This can make them feel left behind as the world changes. Sadly, this choice often leads to feeling upset and losing confidence in themselves because they aren’t moving forward.”可知，选择“躺平”的人可能会随着世界的变化而感到被落下，并且因为不前进而感到沮丧和失去自信。因此，选项C“他们可能会失去信心并感到被落下”符合题意。故选C。 3. 词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Healthy competition means trying our best, learning, and improving ourselves, but without endlessly comparing ourselves to others or pushing to the point of tiredness.”可知，健康的竞争意味着尽我们最大的努力，学习并提升自己，但不要无休止地与他人比较或把自己逼到疲惫的境地。因此，选项B“设法提升自己而不与他人进行无休止的比较”符合题意。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。文章首先描述了“内卷”和“躺平”两种现象及其弊端，然后提出平衡的生活方式是最佳解决方案，并解释了健康竞争的含义和重要性。因此，作者的写作目的是建议人们采取平衡的生活方式。选项A“建议平衡的生活方式作为最佳解决方案”符合题意。故选A。 B Hundreds of foreign plants and animals are secretly entering China inside delivery boxes and hiding in city parks. About 660 such species now cause a loss of 200 billion yuan every year. Shenzhen Customs is fighting back with special machines after finding 17.5% more invaders (入侵者) in early 2025 than the year before. These “eco-invaders” push out local animals and plants while harming farms and forests. One water plant grows so fast that it can cover a whole lake in just six days, making fish die from lack of air. Equally dangerous are fire ants, which have spread to 12 provinces in 20 years. These insects not only hurt people with painful stings (蜇刺) but also ruin crops across wide areas. The invaders sneak in (潜行) through clever hiding ways. Wood brought from other countries often carries tiny worms that kill pine trees within 40 days. Other species, like apple snails that have thousands of babies yearly, were first brought to China for people’s use but later escaped into the wild. Customs officers recently discovered new hiding tricks, such as large ants carried inside toy boxes and shoes during border checks. To stop these invaders, customs now uses smart machines called “AI X-ray scanners” that can see inside packages. These scanners, which automatically spot unusual shapes, help officers find 25% more hidden species than before. At the same time, scientists are using special insects that eat harmful foreign weeds, creating nature’s own army against invaders. While customs officers work hard, ordinary people must also join the fight. Citizens should never set free foreign pets like red-eared turtles in nature, avoid buying strange animals or plants online, and immediately report any unknown fast-spreading species. “Every harmful creature we catch saves our environment,” said a Shenzhen Customs officer after finding dangerous species in international mail. As invaders keep finding new ways to enter, combining (结合) smart technology with public awareness remains China’s strongest shield (防护物) in this unseen war for our environment. 1. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To describe different types of foreign pets. B. To discuss the history of fire ants in China. C. To explain how Shenzhen Customs uses technology. D. To warn about harmful foreign species and protection methods. 2. What does the phrase “push out” in Paragraph 2 most likely means? A. endanger B. protect C. observe D. warn 3. How do some foreign species enter China? A. By flying freely across national borders. B. Through online shopping made by scientific researchers. C. Through being imported before escaping into nature. D. As passengers on airplanes inspected by customs officers. 4. What result did the “AI X-ray scanners” achieve? A. They help officers detect 25% more hidden species. B. They trained insects to eat harmful foreign weeds. C. They reduced border checks by about 25%. D. They discovered 660 entirely new species. 5. Why does the customs officer state “Every harmful creature we catch saves our environment”? A. Because captured animals are sold to zoos to support environmental projects. B. To emphasize that preventing biological invasions protects ecological balance. C. To encourage citizens to keep foreign pets instead of buying local animals. D. To show that technology cannot work without international cooperation. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 【解析】本文揭示了外来物种通过多种渠道入侵中国造成的生态威胁，并介绍了海关利用AI扫描仪等科技手段联合公众共同防御的措措施。 1. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了外来物种入侵中国的危害、入侵途径及防治措施，因此选项D最能概括文章主旨。故选D。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“These ‘eco-invaders’ push out local animals and plants while harming farms and forests.”可知“push out”与后面的“harm”含义相近，意为“危害、威胁”。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Other species, like apple snails that have thousands of babies yearly, were first brought to China for people’s use but later escaped into the wild.”可知，部分外来物种是通过合法引进后逃逸到野外的。故选C。 4. 细节理解题。根据第四段“These scanners, which automatically spot unusual shapes, help officers find 25% more hidden species than before.”可知，AI扫描仪帮助海关多发现了25%的隐蔽物种。故选A。 5. 推理判断题。根据“As invaders keep finding new ways to enter, combining (结合) smart technology…in this unseen war for our environment.”及全文关于外来物种危害的论述，可知海关官员的话意在强调拦截有害生物有助于保护生态环境平衡。故选B。 C阅读还原 Life in 2050: A Glimpse into TomorrowSmart Transportation Getting around will be safer and greener. Self-driving cars powered by solar energy will dominate (占主流) the roads. 1 For example, traffic lights will communicate directly with vehicles to prevent accidents. Public transport like flying taxis may become common in big cities, reducing traffic jams effectively.  Education Revolution 2 Students worldwide will attend virtual classes using 3D hologram (全息) technology. AI teachers will provide personalized learning plans based on each student’s progress. 3 Paper books might still be used for special learning purposes. Face-to-face communication remains important for developing social skills.  Green Living Environmental protection will be at the heart of future life. Smart homes equipped with energy-saving AI systems will automatically adjust lighting and temperature. Renewable energy sources like solar and wind will power entire cities. 4 Additionally, vertical farms in skyscrapers will produce fresh vegetables for urban areas. Surprisingly, people may eat lab-grown meat to protect natural resources. 5 A. For instance, rooftop solar panels and wind-powered streetlights will become standard in communities. B. Roads themselves will become intelligent partners of drivers. C. However, traditional schools won’t disappear completely. D. Classrooms will no longer be limited by physical (实物的) spaces. E. Weather control systems could prevent natural disasters. F. Experts believe these innovations will cut global energy waste by half by 2045. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. F 【解析】本文主要从智能交通、教育变革和绿色生活三个方面展望了2050年的生活景象。 1. 根据“Self-driving cars powered by solar energy will dominate the roads.”以及“For example, traffic lights will communicate directly with vehicles to prevent accidents.”可知，此处是在说道路与司机、车辆的智能关联，选项B “道路本身将成为司机的智能伙伴”符合语境。故选B。 2. 根据“Students worldwide will attend virtual classes using 3D hologram technology.”可知，此处是说未来课堂不受物理空间限制，选项D“教室将不再受物理空间的限制”符合语境。故选D。 3. 根据“AI teachers will provide personalized learning plans based on each student’s progress.”以及“Paper books might still be used for special learning purposes. Face-to-face communication remains important for developing social skills.”可知，此处是说传统学校不会完全消失，选项C “然而，传统学校不会完全消失” 符合语境。故选C。 4. 根据“Smart homes equipped with energy-saving AI systems will automatically adjust lighting and temperature. Renewable energy sources like solar and wind will power entire cities.”以及“Additionally, vertical farms in skyscrapers will produce fresh vegetables for urban areas.”可知，此处是举例说明可再生能源在社区的应用，选项A “例如，屋顶太阳能电池板和风力路灯将成为社区的标准配置” 符合语境。故选A。   5. 根据“Surprisingly, people may eat lab-grown meat to protect natural resources.”可知，此处是说这些创新对能源等方面的积极影响，选项F“专家认为，到2045年，这些创新将使全球能源浪费减少一半”符合语境。故选F。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Imagine that! Section 3 Grammar分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、基础夯实 A 原因状语从句 在句中表示原因、理由的从句叫原因状语从句。 1 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, since, as。 2 表示语气的强弱顺序是：because﹥since﹥as。 3 这些连词都不能和so连用。 4 当原因状语从句放于句首时，通常要用逗号与主句隔开。 点对点练习 翻译 1.我今天早上迟到是因为我没能赶上第一班公共汽车。 2.既然你已完成了作业，那就休息一下吧。 3.你很忙，就没必要今天去看他了。 B Because和 because of because of和because是同义词，都可以表示原因，但是，because的后面用句子；because of的后面用名词、代词或者动名词短语形式。例如： 点对点练习 1. 用because和because of填空。 (1) _he is ill, he is absent today. (2)He is not at school his illness. (3)He can’t come the heavy rain. (4)We like physics we can learn a lot of ideas. (5)The students didn’t need to go to school __________ ____ the storm. 2.He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. （同义句改写） _____________ he was ill, he didn’t go to school. 3. He couldn’t walk because his leg was broken. （同义句改写） He couldn’t walk ____________ ________ his _________ leg. 4. I came back because it was raining heavily. （同义句改写） I came back ___________ ________ the ________ rain. 5. ______ I don’t have enough money, ______ I can’t afford the car. A. /; so B. Because; so C./; and D./; because 6. He didn’t go to school yesterday ____ he was ill. A. because B. because of C. if D. so 二、单项选择。 1.We didn’t enjoy the day ______ the weather was so bad. A. because B. though C. unless D. till 2 The baby is sleeping, _______ you’d better keep quiet. A. but B. or C. because D. so 3 They were late for the meeting ______ the heavy rain. A. because of B. because C. since D. as 4. It rained last night, _______ the ground is wet. A. or B. for C. but D. though 5.She won’t go to the cinema ______ she has already seen the film. A. until B. if C. so D. because 6 ______ you’re tired, you’d better stay at home and have a rest. A. Since B. Or C. Though D. Till 7. — Why didn’t you go to the party? — ______ I wasn’t invited. A. As B. Since C. Because D. So 8. —The story of Huang Xuhua, father of China’s nuclear submarines (核潜艇), moved us a lot. —Yes. ________ he loved our country so much, he worked secretly on nuclear submarines for years. A. Since B. As soon as C. Unless D. When 9. I read the book Around the World in Eighty Days ________ I like Jules Verne’s novels very much. A. because B. so C. but D. or 10. — The road up to the top of the mountain is still closed till the snow weather is over. — It’s necessary, ________ it’s dangerous to go up the mountain in the snowy weather. A. if B. whether C. as D. although 11. Let’s go home, ________ it is late. A. so B. and C. as D. but 12. ________ everyone is here, let’s start to discuss how to rescue them. A. Since B. But C. Or D. So 13. He didn’t go to the cinema not ____ the bad weather, but ________ he didn’t want to see the film. A. because of; because of B. because; because of C. because; because D. because of; because 14.--He sleeps with the window open ______ it’s really cold. --That’s ______ he wants to let fresh air in.       A. until; because   B. unless; why   C. until; why   D. unless; because 15. I didn’t go to the party not________ the weather, but _______I didn’t feel well. A. because of; because B. because; because of C. because; because D. because of; because of 三、用适当的连词完成下列句子 1. ___________ you know you are wrong, you had better admit it. 2. ___________ he couldn’t express himself freely, he had to make some gestures. 3. Many people like pandas ______________ they are cute. 4. It must be snowing, ___________ it is so bright outside. 5. —Why didn’t he come? —___________ he was ill. 6. ___________ your help, we could finish the job on time. 7. The ground is wet ___________ it has rained. 8.He was punished _______________ breaking the law. 9.___________ we live near the river, we can often go swimming in summer. 10._________ a good teacher, he worked very hard. 11.___________ you feel ill, you’d better stay in bed. 12.She was well paid, _____ she did her work well. 13. ______ the earth is round, why do we not fall off? 14. He failed again _______ he didn’t work hard. 15._______you don’t know the answer, I will ask someone to help you. 四、完成句子。 1. 他因为一场事故失去了双亲。 He lost his parents __________ _______ an accident. 2.既然你已经在这儿了，何不多待两天？ ____________ you are here, why not stay for two more days? 3. 你生病了，最好去看看医生。 ____________ you are ill, you’d better go to see a doctor. 4. 我没去那里，因为我不想见到他。 I didn’t go there _________ I didn’t want to see him. 5. 因为要赶去火车站，他们很早就起床了。 _______________ they needed to go to the train station, they got up early. 6. 因为下雨，运动会延期了。 The sports meeting was put off __________ ________ the rain. 7.既然你对科幻小说感兴趣，你应该读读《三体》。 ________ you are interested in science fiction, you should read “The Three-Body Problem”. 五、翻译句子 1.鸟儿们因为听到奇怪的声音而恐惧地飞走了。（because） 2.由于大家都很忙，我将自己完成这项工作。(As...) 3.既然地球上能孕育生命，那么其他星球上也有可能出现生命。（since） 4.既然你已经知道事实真相，你就没有必要那么伤心了。(since) 5.因为受损，这艘宇宙飞船无法飞行。（because of） 六、短文填词 语法填空 For years, most people believed plants lived quiet, passive (被动的) lives. However, recent research 1 (reveal) a surprising truth: plants are constantly “talking” and interacting in ways we are just beginning to understand. A plant’s primary means of communication is chemical. When attacked by insects, many plants release 2 (chemical) into the air. This is not just a simple reaction; it’s a sophisticated warning system. Neighboring plants that detect these signals then start 3 (produce) their own defensive chemicals. Studies show a plant under threat can communicate 4 (effective) than we once imagined, triggering defenses in plants several meters away. In one key experiment, scientists designed some brilliant experiments 5 (prove) this phenomenon. They placed aphids (蚜虫) on a tomato plant and watched. Soon, nearby, untouched plants also began preparing 6 (them) for attack by raising their toxin levels. This showed the message was being received. The 7 (one) clear evidence came from this simple but clever test. 8 underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet, connecting plant roots. Through this “Wood Wide Web,” plants can share nutrients and information. A strong, old tree might, for example, help a weak seedling by sending it sugars 9 this network. 10 this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly. This hidden conversation challenges us to look at the plant world with new respect. Plants are not just passive background objects; they are active participants in a complex, silent dialogue that sustains life on Earth. 五、阅读配对 配对阅读。左栏是五则神秘事件，右栏是七则观点或答复。请将相关的内容进行匹配。选项中有两项为多余项。 1 Tom is uneasy these days. He usually wakes up at night because there are strange noises at the door. He believes that there are aliens. 2 Sam reads a book called Outlander. It is about a woman nurse traveling in the past. Some believe there are tunnels (隧道) that can make time travel happen. 3 Mike saw a round object flying in the sky. He thought it was a balloon. However, the TV reported that there was no balloon at all. It disappeared suddenly. Then Mike believed it was a UFO. 4 Roger is curious about aliens. He is sure that there are aliens in outer space. We are not alone in this galaxy. 5 Vicky lives in the mountains. Every night she hears strange sounds, ooh, ooh, ooh... She thinks it might be someone playing tricks on her. However, there are no other neighbors in the area. She is worried. A. A balloon is flying in the sky. It flies at a low speed and can be seen clearly. B. There are wolves and owls living in the mountain areas. You should be careful with them. If you hear any noise, you can call the police. You don’t need to worry too much. C. According to recent research, time travel is possible. Man can travel both to the past and the future. It is said that if you want to try time travel, you are supposed to use jade as a guide. D. There is no doubt that we are not the only intelligent creature (生物) in this galaxy. E. The sound at the door may be a dog or a cat. You don’t need to worry about it. The police are on patrol (巡逻). If you hear any noise, just call 911. We’ll help you. F. There might be lives on Mars, and they live underground. They are shy and they can’t talk. G. A new type of flying car was having a test flight. It was round and fast. It would fly at a speed of 2,000 miles per hour, and it disappeared in no time. 七、语法选择 One day, two boys were fighting badly. They both wanted 1 the train and railway set. Their father saw this, pulled them apart, and said, “My little sons, you 2 a lot of stories about animals since you were born. Did you know 3 hunters caught monkeys in the past? They would place a glass jar 4 a small neck on the ground. Then, inside the jar, the monkeys’ favorite food would 5 .” “When 6 monkey found the jar,” the father said, “it would reach inside, take the food, and try to 7 . The monkey could have gotten its hand out 8 the neck of the jar hadn’t been so small. It couldn’t get out without giving up the food.” The boys listened 9 , their eyes wide with curiosity. “No matter how hard the monkey tried,” the father continued, “it couldn’t free its hand with the food in it. The monkey would pull and tug, but the narrow neck of the jar made it impossible to escape 10 it was holding the food.” The children asked together, “What?” The father replied, “The monkey always refused to let go. It held onto the food, never giving up. It was too stubborn to realize that letting go was the only way to be free. Then the hunters came over and got the monkey with excitement.” The boys looked at each other, understanding the lesson their father was trying to teach 11 . “So, my little sons, remember this story. In life, you 12 be wise. Know when to give up, when to move on, and when to let go of whatever is holding you back. Just like the monkey, sometimes it’s better to give up 13 small to find a better way to reach your dreams. You can always find 14 train set, but fighting won’t help you get it.” The boys nodded, realizing that sometimes, letting go is the 15 choice. 1. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 2. A. read B. reads C. have read D. had read 3. A. why B. when C. where D. how 4. A. with B. of C. within D. beside 5. A. was put B. puts C. be put D. have put 6. A. the B. a C. an D. / 7. A. get out them B. get them out C. get out it D. get it out 8. A. when B. if C. as D. though 9. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. caring 10. A. after B. while C. before D. when 11. A. theirs B. their C. they D. them 12. A. should B. can C. must D. may 13. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 14. A. other B. the other C. another D. others 15. A. wise B. wisest C. wiser D. wisely 八、完形填空 The sun is shining and birds are singing. On such a 1 morning, a UFO lands in a forest. A boy called Bill is just 2 it behind a tree. Suddenly, a tall alien comes out of the UFO. He starts picking up 3 . One by one, he takes photos of them. When he 4 , he puts them into a box. The alien sees something move and asks, “Is anybody there?” Bill doesn’t answer. The alien 5 the person watching and sees Bill. “Oh, there is someone. Hello!” the alien says. “You can come closer.” “What are you doing?” Bill asks. “I’m 6 flowers,” the alien says. “Flowers? For what?” asks Bill. “I’m going to take them back to my planet,” says the alien. “Aren’t there any flowers on yours?” asks Bill. “No. Our planet hasn’t had flowers for long,” the alien says 7 . “We have too much rubbish, and we cut down too many trees. Now it’s like a desert. Almost no water is left. All of the 8 that grew on our planet are gone.” “That’s terrible,” says Bill. “Is anyone doing anything about it?” “Yes... That’s why I’m here and we want to find plants from other planets. We study them to learn about water. I believe someday water will come back to our planet.” “Wow,” Bill says, “What’s the 9 of your planet?” “It’s called Rozul,” the alien says. “Long ago, it was very beautiful. But if we work hard, Rozul will be 10 again.” And then the alien returns to the UFO. Bill waves as it rises and flies away. 1. A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy 2. A. waiting B. pointing C. watching D. protecting 3. A. trees B. flowers C. birds D. ants 4. A. finishes B. changes C. hopes D. tries 5. A. looks after B. looks at C. looks like D. looks for 6. A. drawing B. collecting C. watering D. growing 7. A. nervously B. curiously C. sadly D. easily 8. A. plants B. animals C. aliens D. people 9. A. size B. story C. name D. number 10. A. safe B. free C. different D. wonderful 九、阅读理解 A Many people today feel stressed (感到压力) by lasting competition, often called the “rat race (内卷).” This means facing too much pressure (压力) in almost every part of life. Parents feel they must give their children the best things and opportunities. Students get caught in an educational race, feeling they need to get grades and to attend the best schools to succeed. Office workers often put in very long hours, sometimes over 10 hours a day. People push themselves extremely hard to make more money or achieve big goal believing this is the only path to a good life. However, this lasting struggle often leads to more worry and unhappiness instead of achievement. Because of this heavy pressure, some people choose a different path called “lying flat. ” They decide to stop chasing those big, stressful goals like buying an expensive house, getting the highest grades, or landing the best job. They might lose interest in working or studying hard. Instead of trying new things or learning new skills, they might just stay in their comfort zone, watching videos or playing games for long hours. This can make them feel left behind as the world changes. Sadly, this choice often leads to feeling upset and losing confidence in themselves because they aren’t moving forward. Clearly, neither the exhausting (使人精疲力尽的) “rat race” nor completely “lying flat” is a healthy or happy solution. Living only for lasting competition makes people tired, stressed, and often unhappy. On the other hand, giving up completely leads to boredom, feeling worried, and missing out on opportunities. The best way forward is to find a balanced way. We should still have dreams and goals, but we can pursue (追求) them with healthy competition. Healthy competition means trying our best, learning, and improving ourselves, but without endlessly comparing ourselves to others or pushing to the point of tiredness. It’s like playing a sport: you try to win, but you also enjoy the game and respect your teammates and opponents (对手). This balanced way allows us to make steady progress, learn new things, and achieve meaningful things, while still having time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and be happy. It helps us avoid the extreme tiredness of the “rat race” and the lack of purpose in “lying flat,” leading to a more satisfying life. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The “rat race” is necessary for success in life. B. “Lying flat” is a good way to avoid stress. C. Both the “rat race” and “lying flat” have their advantages. D. A balanced way to life is the best solution. 2. What does the passage suggest about people who “lie flat”? A. They are more successful in life. B. They feel more relaxed and happy. C. They may lose confidence and feel left behind. D. They are more likely to achieve their goals. 3. What does the author mean by “healthy competition”? A. Competing with others to make more money. B. Managing to improve yourself without lasting comparison to others. C. Working extremely hard to achieve big goals. D. Trying to be the best in everything you do. 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To suggest a balanced approach to life as the best solution. B. To ask people to stop competing and “lie flat.” C. To explain why the “rat race” is the only way to succeed. D. To encourage people to work harder and achieve more. B Hundreds of foreign plants and animals are secretly entering China inside delivery boxes and hiding in city parks. About 660 such species now cause a loss of 200 billion yuan every year. Shenzhen Customs is fighting back with special machines after finding 17.5% more invaders (入侵者) in early 2025 than the year before. These “eco-invaders” push out local animals and plants while harming farms and forests. One water plant grows so fast that it can cover a whole lake in just six days, making fish die from lack of air. Equally dangerous are fire ants, which have spread to 12 provinces in 20 years. These insects not only hurt people with painful stings (蜇刺) but also ruin crops across wide areas. The invaders sneak in (潜行) through clever hiding ways. Wood brought from other countries often carries tiny worms that kill pine trees within 40 days. Other species, like apple snails that have thousands of babies yearly, were first brought to China for people’s use but later escaped into the wild. Customs officers recently discovered new hiding tricks, such as large ants carried inside toy boxes and shoes during border checks. To stop these invaders, customs now uses smart machines called “AI X-ray scanners” that can see inside packages. These scanners, which automatically spot unusual shapes, help officers find 25% more hidden species than before. At the same time, scientists are using special insects that eat harmful foreign weeds, creating nature’s own army against invaders. While customs officers work hard, ordinary people must also join the fight. Citizens should never set free foreign pets like red-eared turtles in nature, avoid buying strange animals or plants online, and immediately report any unknown fast-spreading species. “Every harmful creature we catch saves our environment,” said a Shenzhen Customs officer after finding dangerous species in international mail. As invaders keep finding new ways to enter, combining (结合) smart technology with public awareness remains China’s strongest shield (防护物) in this unseen war for our environment. 1. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To describe different types of foreign pets. B. To discuss the history of fire ants in China. C. To explain how Shenzhen Customs uses technology. D. To warn about harmful foreign species and protection methods. 2. What does the phrase “push out” in Paragraph 2 most likely means? A. endanger B. protect C. observe D. warn 3. How do some foreign species enter China? A. By flying freely across national borders. B. Through online shopping made by scientific researchers. C. Through being imported before escaping into nature. D. As passengers on airplanes inspected by customs officers. 4. What result did the “AI X-ray scanners” achieve? A. They help officers detect 25% more hidden species. B. They trained insects to eat harmful foreign weeds. C. They reduced border checks by about 25%. D. They discovered 660 entirely new species. 5. Why does the customs officer state “Every harmful creature we catch saves our environment”? A. Because captured animals are sold to zoos to support environmental projects. B. To emphasize that preventing biological invasions protects ecological balance. C. To encourage citizens to keep foreign pets instead of buying local animals. D. To show that technology cannot work without international cooperation. C阅读还原 Life in 2050: A Glimpse into TomorrowSmart Transportation Getting around will be safer and greener. Self-driving cars powered by solar energy will dominate (占主流) the roads. 1 For example, traffic lights will communicate directly with vehicles to prevent accidents. Public transport like flying taxis may become common in big cities, reducing traffic jams effectively.  Education Revolution 2 Students worldwide will attend virtual classes using 3D hologram (全息) technology. AI teachers will provide personalized learning plans based on each student’s progress. 3 Paper books might still be used for special learning purposes. Face-to-face communication remains important for developing social skills.  Green Living Environmental protection will be at the heart of future life. Smart homes equipped with energy-saving AI systems will automatically adjust lighting and temperature. Renewable energy sources like solar and wind will power entire cities. 4 Additionally, vertical farms in skyscrapers will produce fresh vegetables for urban areas. Surprisingly, people may eat lab-grown meat to protect natural resources. 5 A. For instance, rooftop solar panels and wind-powered streetlights will become standard in communities. B. Roads themselves will become intelligent partners of drivers. C. However, traditional schools won’t disappear completely. D. Classrooms will no longer be limited by physical (实物的) spaces. E. Weather control systems could prevent natural disasters. F. Experts believe these innovations will cut global energy waste by half by 2045. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $