Unit7-The secret of memory- Section 4-同步练2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语上册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 7同步练以"词汇-语法-语篇"递进设计，分层巩固语言能力与思维品质，适配新授课知识内化与适度提升需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇与基础语法|选词/适当形式填空强化记忆（如Ebbinghaus遗忘曲线相关词汇变形）| |进阶层|语篇理解与信息提取|阅读/完形结合单元主题（树轮记忆、记忆原理），训练细节定位与推理| |综合应用层|篇章结构与逻辑衔接|五选四整合树轮科学应用，提升语篇组织与信息匹配能力|

Unit 7 The secret of memory Section 4 同步练 班级：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________ 一、选词填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 从方框中选择合适的词，并用其正确形式填空。 contain, record, climate, pattern, disaster, figure out, archaeologist, remain, forget, study 1. Tree rings ________ secrets about the forest, climate and even human history. 2. Scientists use tree rings as a ________ of the climate over many years. 3. The tree ring ________ helps scientists learn about climate change in the past. 4. A black scar on a tree ring often means there was a natural ________ like a forest fire. 5. Scientists can ________ when the fire happened by counting the rings from the scar. 6. ________ use tree ring patterns to learn the age of old buildings. 7. If you study carefully, more information will ________ in your memory longer. 8. Ebbinghaus found that people ________ about 60% of what they learnt after nine hours. 9. Dendrochronology is the ________ of using tree rings to learn about the past. 10. The rings are wider when the tree gets enough sun and rain, showing good ________ conditions. 二、适当形式填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Scientists use tree rings ________ (learn) about the climate and environment. 2. The rings ________ (count) to tell the age of the tree. 3. It is amazing that trees ________ (tell) us so much even though they cannot talk. 4. A team of archaeologists discovered that a Viking village ________ (build) in the year 1021 CE. 5. Ebbinghaus was the first person ________ (study) learning and memory by experimenting on himself. 6. Forgetting happens ________ (quick) in the first few hours after learning. 7. Things that have meaning are remembered about ten times ________ (long) than meaningless ones. 8. It is easier ________ (relearn) forgotten things than to learn new things. 9. The ________ (discover) of the forgetting curve helped scientists explore memory further. 10. Scientists have done experiments ________ (find) out how memory works and why it fails. 三、阅读理解 A（共 4 小题，每小题 2.5 分，共 10 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The Memories of Trees Do trees have memories? This may seem like a strange question, but trees can actually tell us things about the past. When a tree is cut down, you can see something special inside: rings. These rings are the memories of trees. Tree rings contain lots of secrets from the forest. Every year the tree grows, there is a new ring. Scientists can count the rings to tell the age of the tree. They also study tree rings to learn about the climate and the environment. Tree rings are a record of the climate. Some rings are quite wide. This is a good sign as it means the tree grew well and was healthy. This happens when the tree gets enough sun and rain. When it doesn’t rain enough, the tree won’t grow as much, and the rings are narrow. Thanks to this, scientists can look at the tree ring patterns to learn about climate change in a particular place. Scientists also look at tree rings to study natural disasters. For example, sometimes there is a black scar on a tree ring. This usually means there was a forest fire. If scientists count the rings from the black area, they can answer difficult questions, such as “When did the fire happen?” and “How common are forest fires?” Tree rings can also help us understand human history. For example, scientists can use tree ring patterns to learn the age of old buildings. Nowadays, they can even look at the chemistry of each tree ring to figure out exactly when the tree was cut down. Thanks to this new method, a team of archaeologists discovered that a Viking village in Canada was built in the year 1021 CE. It’s amazing that trees can tell us so much, even though they cannot talk! 1. What do tree rings help scientists do? A. Grow more trees quickly B. Learn about the past climate and history C. Make natural disasters less common D. Cut down old buildings safely 2. Why are some tree rings wider than others? A. The tree was older B. The climate was good with enough sun and rain C. There was a forest fire nearby D. The tree was cut down early 3. What does a black scar on a tree ring usually mean? A. The tree grew very fast B. There was a natural disaster like a fire C. The climate was very dry D. The tree was healthy 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How trees grow rings every year B. Why trees are important to the environment C. How tree rings help scientists learn about the past D. The ways archaeologists build old buildings 四、完形填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 阅读短文，掌握其大意，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 How Our Memory Works Have you ever wondered why we forget things so quickly? A scientist named Hermann Ebbinghaus studied this more than 100 years ago and discovered some surprising facts about memory. Ebbinghaus did experiments on himself to find out how memory works. He learnt lists of meaningless words and then tested himself after different 1______ of time. His findings are still important today. First, he found that forgetting happens very 2______ in the first few hours after learning. In the first hour, people forget about half of what they learnt. After nine hours, about 60% is gone. This special 3______ is called the “forgetting curve”. Second, Ebbinghaus found that learning ways can 4______ our memory. If you study carefully and 5______ knowledge again and again, you will remember it much longer. Besides, words with 6______ are far easier to keep in mind than meaningless ones. Third, it is easier to remember the 7______ and the end of a text than the middle part. So when you memorize a long passage, you need to spend more 8______ on the middle part. These findings are quite useful for students. Daily review can 9______ you from forgetting what you have learnt. Good learning habits can turn short-term memory into 10______ memory easily. Use these rules, and you will study more efficiently. 1. A. places B. periods C. ways D. levels 2. A. quickly B. slowly C. happily D. quietly 3. A. shape B. mark C. pattern D. sign 4. A. influence B. waste C. invent D. doubt 5. A. create B. repeat C. avoid D. divide 6. A. noise B. trouble C. meaning D. secret 7. A. beginning B. reason C. result D. choice 8. A. money B. time C. luck D. effort 9. A. protect B. separate C. stop D. save 10. A. final B. simple C. short-term D. long-term 五、五选四（共 4 小题，每小题 2.5 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Tree Rings: Nature’s History Book Tree rings are not just marks inside a tree — they are nature’s own way of keeping a diary. Scientists can read these rings to learn about the past. 1. ______ Every year, a tree grows a new ring. The width of the ring depends on the weather. If the year is warm and rainy, the ring is wide. If it is dry or cold, the ring is narrow. By looking at the rings, scientists can tell how old the tree is and what the climate was like each year. 2. ______ Sometimes, tree rings have dark scars. These scars can tell scientists about natural disasters like forest fires or floods. By counting the rings from the scar, they can find out exactly when the disaster happened. 3. ______ Tree rings can also help us learn about human history. Archaeologists use tree ring patterns to date old buildings. If they find a piece of wood from an old house, they can match its rings to known patterns and find out when the tree was cut down. 4. ______ This branch of science is called dendrochronology. By studying tree rings, scientists can learn about climate change, natural disasters, and even how people lived long ago. It’s amazing how these simple rings can tell us so much about our world! A. Tree rings can also show natural disasters. B. Scientists use tree rings to learn about the climate. C. You can plant more trees to help the environment. D. They are also a useful tool for studying human history. E. Tree rings are like a natural record of the past. 参考答案 一、选词填空 1. contain 2. record 3. pattern 4. disaster 5. figure out 6. Archaeologists 7. remain 8. forget 9. study 10. climate 二、适当形式填空 1. to learn 2. are counted 3. can tell 4. was built 5. to study 6. quickly 7. longer 8. to relearn 9. discovery 10. to find 三、阅读理解 A 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 四、完形填空 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 2. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D 五、五选四 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. E 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $