专题02 阅读理解（说明文+新媒体语篇）（期末真题汇编，河南专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 聚焦人与自我、社会、自然三大主题，精选河南省多所中学期末真题，涵盖说明文与新媒体语篇，注重语言能力与文化意识培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|65题（13篇×5题）|细节理解（如Neptune公转周期）、推理判断（如AI对甲骨文研究作用）、主旨大意（如“六种自我调节方法”）、词义猜测（如“moonshine”含义）|情境具时代性（AI旅行规划、劳动教育政策）；问题设计有梯度，基础题（事实查找）与能力题（作者意图推断）结合；素材兼顾文化传承（英歌舞）与科技前沿（AI机器人）|

专题02 阅读理解 （说明文+新媒体语篇） 主题01 人与自我-学习策略 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·河南省实验中学·期末） Some people get so used to lying that they do so even when there is no clear purpose. Over the years, I’ve worked with a number of these people and learned a bit about how they think. Believe it or not, their lying makes some sense when you look at it through their eyes. The lie might not seem important to you, but it matters a lot to them. They think it’s a big deal. They might be putting too much pressure on themselves or the situation. To some people, telling the truth can feel like giving up control. Often, people want things to go their way. The truth might not fit their plan, so they avoid it. Or they just don’t want to disappoint (使失望) you. Even though it might not seem like it, people who lie a lot are often worried about losing the respect of those around them. They fear that the truth could make you turn away from them. However, lies can grow. One small lie leads to more lies to cover it up. If the liars admit to (承认) any single lie, they feel like they’re admitting to being a liar, and that’s scary. At other times, it’s not a lie to them. They might truly believe their lies at that moment. Studies show that many things influence our memories. Stress, current (当前的) events and their desire (愿望) for things to go well can make them remember things differently. Moreover, liars want their lies to be true. Sometimes, they hope that they can make something come true by saying it over and over again. Most people are honest most of the time. Even if some people lie more, they’re usually honest. Instead of asking why they lie, try to understand why the situation is so important to them. Showing empathy (同理心) and praising honesty can encourage more truth-telling. Being honest is important, and helping others be honest is also a good thing. 1．According to the passage, what may happen after someone tells a small lie? A．They forget it quickly. B．They need to tell more lies to cover it. C．Everyone will believe them. D．They feel very happy. 2．According to the passage, what can influence people’s memories? ①Stress    ②Their desire    ③ Current events    ④ Others’ opinions A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．Which of the following is NOT the reason why people lie? A．They want things to go their way and lie to avoid the truth. B．They are afraid of losing respect. C．They feel scared about admitting to being a liar, so they tell more lies to cover another. D．They like to control others by telling lies. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．People who lie don’t care about others’ opinions. B．Once people start lying, they will never stop. C．Understanding the reasons for lying may help reduce it. D．Everyone lies often in their daily life. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why people lie and how to help them. B．Why lying is always bad. C．How to be an honest person. D．How to catch liars. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河南省漯河市实验中学·期末） Whether it’s sports practice, music lessons or a usual catch-up with friends, when children are doing after-school activities, they may feel happier and healthier than those who always look at a screen. In a new study, researchers (研究者) found that children’s happiness improved when they took part in after-school activities, while things were totally _________ when they spent time on social media (社交媒体) or playing video games. The researchers studied 61,759 school students in Years 4 to 9. It worked out how many days every week children took part in after-school activities from 3 p. m. to 6 p. m. Then the number was compared with happiness factors (因素) of life satisfaction, sadness, worry and so on. Lead researcher Dr. Rosa Virgara said the research showed how some out-of-school activities can improve children’s happiness, while others—especially screens—can be harmful to their mental (精神的) and physical health. “Screens are a big distraction (分散注意力的事物) for children of all ages. Whether children are playing games, watching TV or on social media, there’s something about all screens that harms their happiness,” she said. The study also showed that even children who were already feeling happy benefited (得益于) from taking part in after-school activities. “This showed a big need to find ways to encourage children of all ages and backgrounds to take part in activities that keep them away from TV, computers and mobile phones,” Dr. Rosa Virgara said. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions. C．By explaining a problem. D．By showing research findings. 2．Which is the best word for “________” in Paragraph 2? A．true B．cool C．different D．strange 3．In which paragraph can we find the process of the study? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 4．Which of the following may Dr. Rosa Virgara agree with? A．Children shouldn’t have much screen time. B．Distractions are not always bad for children. C．Teachers also benefit from after-school activities. D．Sometimes playing video games is good for children’s mental health. 5．Through the passage, what does the writer hope to do? A．To ask for some advice on doing after-school activities. B．To encourage children to join in more after-school activities. C．To share personal experiences of doing after-school activities. D．To collect opinions of readers on doing after-school activities. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·河南省周口市沈丘县两校联考·期末） When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, these are six ways to make you feel good about yourself. (1) Look in the mirror and say to yourself, “I am a special person and there’s no one in the world like me. I can do anything!” It may not sound so good, but it really works. (2) Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good. (3) Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family. (4) Learn something new! Have you always wanted to decorate your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished. (5) Read and start a diary. Turn off the TV and let your imagination (想象) fly! Write down your thoughts, dreams or anything you want! Writing always helps to express your feelings. (6) Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your Mum or Dad or maybe even your cousin. 1．This passage may be taken from ________. A．a picture book B．a story book C．a magazine D．school rules 2．According to the passage, when you are helping others, you will ________. A．be special B．be sure C．feel nice D．be remembered 3．What do the underlined words in (4) “a sense of accomplishment” mean? A．成就感 B．忧伤感 C．挫折感 D．信任感 4．According to the passage, which of the following shouldn’t you do when you are unhappy? A．Help others. B．Stay alone at home as much as possible. C．Learn something new and go for it. D．Keep a diary to express your feelings. 5．The best title for the passage is ________. A．Do Your Best B．Six Ways to Feel Good about Yourself C．It’s Never too Late to Learn D．Always Smile to Your Life Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·河南省信阳市第七中学·期末） Labor classes at school can help students be active, creative (有创造力的) and happy in life. At the same time, students can learn the meaning of labor. From last September, all students in middle school can have at least one labor class a week. There are many interesting labor classes now. Students from a school in Chongqing had a class about catching fish in the river and learning about their habits. In Shanxi Province, students made tofu with beans. They also cooked it by themselves. The labor classes made them feel happy when they cooked delicious meals. Some students also kept small animals at home like chickens. This helped students learn how to care for living things and also made them more interested in biology. According to the new policy (政策), middle school students need to learn the following skills in labor classes: Clean their rooms and classrooms, pick proper (合适的) clothes for travel, cook three or four meals, and take part in labor activities such as planting or fishing. A study shows that doing labor work is good for students. The students can get more self-control, do better in school, and feel happier from it. Labor classes not only teach them important skills but also are a great way to relax during a busy school day. So which kind of labor skill do you want to learn most? 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How many labor classes do students in middle school have a week now? A．Zero. B．One or more. C．At least two. D．More than three. 2．Which of the following can students learn in labor classes? A．Eating habits. B．Chinese culture. C．Cooking skills. D．New policies. 3．If we want to travel, labor classes can teach us ________. A．how to read maps B．how to book train tickets C．how to choose proper clothes D．how to cook meals in other cities 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Labor classes make the students’ homework harder. B．Students can enjoy themselves by doing labor work. C．Labor classes only teach students some fishing skills. D．Students will lose control if they don’t take labor classes. 5．What is the structure (结构) of the passage?（P=Paragraph） A． B． C． D． 主题02 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·河南省新乡市新乡市名校·期末） The Spring Festival Yingge Dance Show Parade, held in Shantou on February 14th, attracted a large crowd. More than 1,000 dancers from 15 Yingge Dance teams took part in it, making it a big cultural event for the city. Yingge Dance, or “Dance to the Hero’s Song”, is a type of folk dance with a history of more than 300 years. It is popular in Chaoshan region in the east of Guangdong Province. Mixing dancing, Chinese martial arts, and Chinese opera, Yingge Dance has been listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in China. It’s said that this traditional dance developed from the Nuo Opera (傩戏) which was performed to drive away evil (邪恶的) spirits, welcome the spring, and pray for good luck. While ancient Nuo Opera tells stories from different folk tales, Yingge Dance is based on the adventures of the “108 Heroes” of Liangshan Mountain, best known from the classic novel The Water Margin (《水浒传》). During festivals and celebrations, Yingge dancers, each holding short sticks, dress in colorful clothes, jump up and down, and use masks, snakes, and drums to improve their performances. In London’s Burlington Arcade, during the Chinese New Year, a team from Pu’ning, Jieyang, put on a wonderful show. Anna, a Londoner who attended with her son, was thrilled and interested in joining the Chinese New Year celebrations. Her son’s growing interest in Chinese traditions has led him to study the Chinese language. Chen Laifa, the coach of the Yingge Dance team, had a dream to make Yingge Dance popular all over the world. After a month of busy training, the team, consisting (包含) of experienced members with over 15 years of performance, was well-prepared for their international performance. 1．Why does the writer mention the Yingge Dance Show Parade in the first paragraph? A．To show some new modern dancing skills. B．To share a new type of celebrating activity. C．To attract readers’ interest in Shantou. D．To lead in the topic of Yingge Dance. 2．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Yingge Dance is popular in Chaoshan region in the east of Guangdong Province. B．Dancing, Chinese martial arts, and Chinese opera are mixed in Yingge Dance. C．Yingge Dance are performed to welcome the spring, good luck and evil spirits. D．Yingge Dancers use sticks, masks, snakes, and drums in their performance. 3．What does the underlined word “thrilled” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．puzzled B．excited C．disappointed D．angry 4．What was the wish of the coach of the Yingge Dance team? A．To protect Yingge Dance’s cultural heritage. B．To make Yingge Dance popular internationally. C．To win prizes in world-wide competitions. D．To get ready for the international performance. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤/⑥ B．①/②/③④/⑤⑥ C．①②③/④⑤/⑥ D．①②③/④/⑤/⑥ Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河南省巩义市·期末） Our solar system has eight planets. They each have something special to make themselves stand out from the others. Today, we will learn some interesting things about Neptune (海王星). Neptune is the eighth, and the farthest planet from the Sun. It was found in 1846. The planet has long been difficult to study because it is hard to get there and we can’t see it with our own eyes. Now, thanks to the development of science, people know more about Neptune than ever before. It has a beautiful blue color. It is bigger than our Earth. It is the windiest planet in our solar system. And wind speeds can reach up to about 2,400 kilometers per hour. It takes a very long time, about 165 Earth years for Neptune to go around the sun for just one time. There is also another interesting fact about the planet. It could be raining diamonds (钻石) on Neptune! This may sound like something out of a movie, but it is real on this planet. Neptune’s atmosphere (大气) has methane (甲烷). Deep within Neptune’s atmosphere, there is very high pressure and high temperature. This condition causes methane to change. Then the carbon atoms (碳原子) from the methane get pushed together by the pressure and turn into small diamonds. As they fall, there is diamond rain. Would you like to see diamond rain on Neptune one day? ▲ Maybe you’ll build the next great spaceship and take us there! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1．Why is it difficult to study Neptune? ①Because it is hard to reach.        ②Because it has so many colors. ③Because its atmosphere is too thick.      ④Because we can’t see it with our own eyes. A．①③ B．①④ C．②④ D．③④ 2．How long does it take for Neptune to circle the Sun once? A．About 165 Earth days. B．About 165 Earth months. C．About 165 Earth years. D．About 165 Earth centuries. 3．What is the main reason for the diamond rain on Neptune? A．The strong wind on the planet. B．The methane in its atmosphere. C．The long travel time around the Sun. D．The high pressure and high temperature. 4．What is the best for “ ▲ ”? A．Anything is possible. B．We can make it a home. C．Scientists found out why. D．I want to take a trip there. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To ask people to believe in science. B．To discuss the difficulty of space travel. C．To compare Neptune with other planets. D．To tell some interesting facts about Neptune. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州市第二实验中学·期末） Wu Hongbo, a visitor from Dalian, recently used AI to plan a wonderful tour of Shanxi. By entering the visiting place, travel dates, budget, and personal interests into an AI app, he quickly received a week-long travel plan. The plan covered how to travel, where to visit and which hotel to live in. He took a more convenient and efficient (高效的) AI-powered journey in a province that was completely new to him. It was also Wu’s first visit to Shanxi. Faced with lots of tourist attractions and complex (复杂的) travel routes, he turned to AI. Based on Wu’s interest in ancient buildings and local food, the AI app recommended several less-known yet culturally rich attractions and local foods. “This AI-planned tour has truly given me unexpected surprises,” Wu said. “The recommended attractions and routes perfectly matched my taste, giving me a better experience of Shanxi.” On the first day of the May Day holiday, the number of passenger trips would be over 340 million. As travelers look for more immersive (沉浸式的) and personal experiences, AI’s role as an “Internet tour guide” has not only improved the efficiency and quality of travel experience but also introduced a new level of AI to trip planning. For example, “DeepSeek’s designed five-day four-night Shandong travel plan” and “AI-produced two-day Chengdu trip” are very common. They take up the top 2 of the list. With the popularity of 5G and digital technologies, immersive experience across time and space will become the main form of people’s travel. During a trip, AI can also provide real-time tour guide services. In the future, AI tour guides are expected to work in case human guides aren’t enough. Both of them will give higher-quality and more personal travel services to make travel even more exciting. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why was Wu Hongbo’s tour in Shanxi so special? A．Because it was his first visit to Shanxi. B．Because he made a wonderful plan. C．Because his trip was both cheap and flexible. D．Because a new and high-tech way was used. 2．What can the AI app do for your trip? A．Introduce many complex travel routes. B．Make a different plan from most visitors’. C．Recommend famous buildings and natural scenery. D．Understand tourist attractions more deeply. 3．How does the writer show the AI-planned tour is quite popular now? A．By listing numbers. B．By expressing ideas. C．By setting examples. D．By comparing facts. 4．What will travelling be like in the future? A．AI tour guides will take the place of human guides. B．Each one can act like a careful personal guide. C．People will have better experience and a freer journey. D．Immersive experience makes real-place tours unnecessary. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Have you ever traveled with the help of AI? B．What an amazing trip Wu Hongbo took! C．Don’t worry about your holidays any more! D．The fast development of AI technologies. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·河南省驻马店市驿城区部分初中联考·期末） How do you show your strong love for someone by using English? Do you always say, “I love you very much”? There is another way to describe the feeling—I love you to the moon and back. The earth and the moon are about 384,000 kilometers apart. That’s to say, it’s about 768,000 kilometers to the moon and back. So the expression (表达) is to say that your love is like this long trip. The expression is from Guess How Much I Love You, a 2008 children’s book by Sam McBratney. Parents often use this expression to tell their children how much they love them. Another interesting expression about the moon is “moonshine”. If someone says “That’s just moonshine”. It means that he thinks the other person’s ideas or words are not real or silly. Do you know about “blue moon”? A “blue moon” isn’t really blue. It’s the name for a second full moon in one month, or the third full moon in a season (季) that has four full moons. The “blue moon” happens rarely (罕有) —about once every 2.7 years. So sometimes, we may hear the expression “once in a blue moon”. It means that something doesn’t happen very often. As the largest and brightest thing in the night sky, it’s no surprise that the moon appears in many English expressions. The next time you see the moon, you might think about these fun expressions 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．He tells stories. B．He asks questions. C．He gives numbers. D．He offers examples. 2．What do we know about the expression “to the moon and back” from Paragraph 1? A．It is a way to show strong love. B．It is the name of a famous book. C．It shows how fast people can travel. D．It tells how much parents can do for their children. 3．The underlined word “moonshine” means “______” A．a real idea B．a bright moon C．something silly D．something large 4．How often does the “blue moon” happen? A．About once a year. B．About twice a month. C．About three times a season. D．About once every 2.7 years. 5．In which book can we probably find the passage? A． B． C． D． 主题03 人与自然-动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州市惠济区·期末） When nature meets man-made roads, it’s seldom a good thing. A large number of animals get killed by cars every week. So engineers try to build green bridges for animals over busy roads. These bridges help keep animals and people safe. The idea of green bridges isn’t really new. In fact, the first animal crossing appeared in France in the 1950s. Germany has made more than 80 green bridges since 2005. Canada and the United States are also trying to protect wildlife in their countries by building animal bridges over the years. Although there are different designs (设计), most green bridges share something similar. First, they are usually quite wide, giving animals plenty of room to move. Second, they are usually covered with earth and plants to look like the forests that lie on either side of the roads. Lastly, they are wider at the ends, spreading out (延展) where they meet the land. This helps assemble animals onto the bridge and guide them out when they leave. People may wonder ▲ , In Canada’s Banff National Park, 11 kinds of large animals such as bears and cougars (美洲狮) have already gone across these green bridges more than 200,000 times since 1996. In some places where these bridges have been built, we’ve also seen a 90% drop in accidents between animals and cars. These crossings are clearly a step in the right way to offer living chances and safety to wild animals. And with these bridges, both animal and human deaths on roads will continue going down. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Where was the first green bridge built? A．In America. B．In Canada. C．In France. D．In Germany. 2．Which picture can show the design of most green bridges according to the text? A． B． C． D． 3．What does the underlined word “assemble” mean in the text? A．Watch animals in the wild. B．Keep animals in a safe place. C．Train animals for animal shows. D．Bring animals together as a group. 4．Which can be the best to fill in the “________” in Paragraph 4? A．if these green bridges really work B．if Canada has built the best green bridges C．if it is easy to walk across green bridges D．if there will be new designs for green bridges 5．Why is the text written? A．To tell people a new idea for busy traffic. B．To encourage people to get close to nature. C．To introduce a creative way to protect wildlife. D．To teach people some helpful ways to save plants. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州市枫杨外国语中学·期末） In some parts of the Thames River in England live some swans known as Mute Swans (疣鼻天鹅). They are all owned by the British royal (皇室) family. Each year, a special team travels up the river by boat to count these birds. This helps to make sure that the swan population stays at a certain size. The tradition, called “Swan Upping,” has a history of more than 800 years. David Barrier is a swan counter and he has been doing the work for more than 20 years now. Usually, he and his team members bring the birds ashore (岸上) and check them for any health problems. Each year, the count takes place in the third week of July. For example, in 2022, the count began on July 18 and ended on July 22. The team traveled about 120 kilometers along the Thames. Because of the hot weather, the birds were not brought ashore. They were put on the counters’ boats instead. Catching the swans is not an easy job. Once a team member manages to get hold of a bird, it is then examined, weighed and tagged (加标签). Immediately afterwards, the swan is set free again. In 2022, the total number of baby Mute Swans was 155. In 2024, the number dropped to only 84. The drop of number is because of bird flu during these years. Animal counts like this are important to wildlife protection and education. It is also a fun activity—lots of people come to watch the swan counts do their work! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Who do the the Mute Swans in the Thames River belong to? A．The local government. B．A wildlife organization. C．The British royal family. D．The citizens of England. 2．What do David Barber and his team do? A．They feed the swans. B．They bring the swans from land to water. C．They train the swans for performance. D．They count and check the health of the swans. 3．Why were the swans put on the counters’ boats in 2022? A．Because they grew too heavy. B．Because they didn’t show up at all. C．Because the swan counters ran out of time. D．Because the weather was too hot for them. 4．What are animal counts like this held for? ① scientific discussion     ② health examination    ③ wildlife protection    ④ public education A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 5．In which part of a newspaper might you read this text? A．Humans and nature. B．Science and technology. C．Sports and health. D．Shopping and amusements. 主题01 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·河南省新乡市红旗区第十中学·期末） Oracle bone script (甲骨文) is the oldest kind of Chinese writing. AI is the newest technology we use today. But right now, in Anyang, Henan, a group of engineers is using AI to study this old writing type. Li Bang, 33, is an AI scientist at Anyang Normal University. He and his team are building a special online library. They put pictures of oracle bones and lots of books into this library. They write programs to help AI learn to look at the shapes of characters (文字) and find information about them in the “library”. When people want to study an oracle bone character, they show it to the computer. AI will find similar characters and books about it in a few seconds. In the past, this took people a few hours or even a few days. AI is good at doing “puzzles (字谜)”. Usually oracle bones are found broken into pieces. To study them, we need to piece them together first. But there are about 160, 000 pieces in the world. It’s hard to find the correct pieces. So far (目前) we have only put together seven thousand sets. But AI makes this problem simple. Engineers made a program to help AI learn to look at the shapes and characters of the bone pieces. It can quickly find matching pieces in its memory. This way AI can easily help us put the puzzles together. “AI is a great helper for people who study oracle bones. But it can’t take their place.” Li said. AI remembers things very well but it isn’t good at thinking things through. So far it can help us look for information about the characters but it can hardly tell us what the characters mean. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why are Li Bang and his team building the special library? A．To save the space of the university’s library. B．To help people study oracle bone script. C．To prove (证明) that AI is a good helper. D．To teach AI to write programs. 2．What does the underlined word “this” refer to? A．Putting pictures of oracle bones into the online library. B．Knowing the meaning of an oracle bone character. C．Writing programs to help AI find information. D．Finding similar characters and books about an oracle bone character. 3．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．How AI finds oracle bones underground. B．How AI puts seven thousand sets together. C．How AI helps to piece oracle bone pieces together. D．How AI tells us what the characters mean. 4．Which of the following may Li Bang agree with? A．It’s possible for AI to think like people. B．AI can tell us the characters’ meanings. C．AI can’t do everything for people. D．AI will be replaced (替代) by new technologies someday. 5．What is the best title of the text? A．Read History with AI B．Let AI Become Our Friend C．Learn and Protect Oracle Bone Script D．Use AI in a Proper Way Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州市新郑市·期末） Unitree Robots: Dancing with Tradition Unitree Robotics (宇树科技) is a Chinese tech company started by Wang Xingxing in 2016. In 2025, its robot named H1 did something special. At the CCTV Spring Festival Gala (央视春晚),16 H1 robots performed “Yangko” (秧歌), a traditional Chinese dance. Using red scarves, they moved like human dancers and their steps perfectly followed folk music. This dance showed that robots can protect cultural treasures while showing new technology. From Toy Parts to Tech Star Wang has loved robots since childhood. At 14, he built his first walking robot using toy car wheels and old watch batteries (电池). Though it could only take three steps before falling, this experience taught him to keep on. In 2013, he created X Dog—a dog-shaped robot that could run faster than real animals. Robots with Heart Last year, 200 library robots read stories to children in hospitals. Now, Unitree robots work across China—factory robots check dangerous equipment (设备), school robots teach in classes, and home robots like Go 2 even take pet dogs for walks. The newest robots also help people with disabilities. Guide robots can lead blind people through busy streets. “Technology should make life warmer,” Wang says. Simple Tech, Big Dreams These robots use easy-to-understand technology. Special cameras act as their eyes, while computer programs help them learn. For example, to make Yangko dance, robots watched human dancers 500 times! In 2023, 70% of four-legged robots were Unitree models in the world. Wang encourages students, “I failed English tests but never gave up on robots. Don’t let weaknesses stop your dreams!” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does “Yangko dance” show? A．Dancing needs expensive robots. B．Technology can protect traditions. C．Old music sounds better than modern one. D．Robots will take the place of human dancers. 2．What can robots do now according to the passage? ①Help disabled people. ②Give classes in schools. ③Read stories in hospitals. ④Play with different kinds of balls. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．The underlined word “failed” means “__________” in English. A．didn’t consider B．didn’t check C．didn’t pass D．didn’t achieve 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s hard to train robots. B．Unitree Robotics was set up in 2025. C．Wang Xingxing’s first robot walked many steps. D．Wang Xingxing’s love for robots led him to success. 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell students to follow their dreams. B．To introduce the world’s most amazing robots. C．To encourage students to develop new technology. D．To remind students to work hard on school subjects. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州市金水区·期末） The animal world is full of teamwork. No matter if it’s in the deep sea, on the wide deserts, or in the thick forests, animals have come up with really cool ways to work together. In a wolf group, each wolf has a job. The leader wolf decides what to do when it’s time to hunt. Some wolves go out to look for prey (猎物), other wolves drive the prey towards the wolves that are waiting. They take turns running to wear the prey out. They use wolf calls, body language, and smells to talk to each other. Wolves also help each other take care of the baby wolves, protect their home, and share food. Ants live in well-organized colonies (群体). What an ant does depends on its age, size, and type. Some ants go out to find food. Others take care of the baby ants, build or fix the nest to keep the colony safe. They use pheromones (信息素) to talk. When an ant finds food, it leaves the pheromone. Then other ants follow it to get the food. Their teamwork is so good that they can build their own organized communities (群落). Dolphins (海豚) also live in groups. They work together in many ways. When swimming for a long time, they take turns leading the way at the front, making it easier for the other dolphins to follow. When they hunt, they use echolocation (回声波) to find fish and tell the other dolphins. When a dolphin mom gives birth, the other dolphins in the group swim in a circle around her and the newborn baby dolphin to keep them safe. 根据材料内容选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1．What is the role of the leader wolf? A．To look for prey. B．To wear the prey out. C．To decide hunting plans. D．To take care of baby wolves. 2．How do wolves talk to each other? a. They use smells.    b. They use eyes.    c. They use wolf calls. d. They use special signs.    e. They use body language. A．b, d, e B．a, b, d C．a, c, e D．b, c, d 3．What can we know about ants’ colonies? A．Ants build or repair the nest to protect the colony. B．Once ants find food, they carry it back to the nest. C．The ants’ work is decided by their age, size and color. D．They communicate with each other by making sounds. 4．Which picture explains the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4? A． B． C． D． 5．How does the writer develop his idea in the text? A．By telling stories about how animals work together. B．By showing research results about animal teamwork. C．By comparing animal teamwork with human teamwork. D．By giving examples of how different animals work in teams. 主题02 人与自然-动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·河南省南阳市淅川县第一高级中学附属学校·期末） Hundreds of years ago, blackberries (黑莓) were introduced into Australia. They became popular soon. People loved them not just for their tasty fruits, but also for their ability to stop soil (土壤) from being washed away. But within just 20 years, these once-loved plants turned into a serious problem. They became one of Australia’s most troublesome weeds. Weeds are plants that take over an area, making it difficult for other plants to live. Blackberries spread quickly and in many ways. This is why their rapid growth and spread are so worrying. They grow lots of canes (茎) from a central point, and these canes can grow up to about three meters long! They grow so fast every day that they often cover other plants, blocking out the light and causing them to die. As some of the older blackberry canes die, they leave behind a mess. This make it almost impossible for anything else to grow there. But blackberries don’t just spread through their canes. They can also grow new plants from their roots. Even a small piece of root that’s been cut off can grow into a new plant. And if a cane tip touches the ground, it will start a new plant there. The one-year-old blackberry canes don’t produce flowers or fruits. They make every effort to grow and spread instead. Because blackberries are such a problem, people often use chemicals (化学品) to kill them, trying to stop them growing completely. So, it’s important to remember: never eat wild blackberries! They might look good to eat, but they could be harmful. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What made blackberries become popular plants in Australia? ①Their tasty fruits.                    ②Their sweet smell. ③Their beautiful flowers.             ④Their ability to protect soil. A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ 2．What do the underlined words “blocking out the light” mean in the text? A．Stopping the light from coming in. B．Letting the light fall on the ground. C．Saving the light for producing fruits. D．Making the light shine more brightly. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about A．How blackberries grow and spread. B．Why blackberries are introduced. C．What helps blackberries to grow. D．When blackberry canes die. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Using chemicals to kill blackberries is of no help. B．Wild blackberries look ugly but taste rather good. C．People have taken action to stop blackberries growing. D．Wild blackberries grow more rapidly than people think. 5．What’s the theme (主题) of the text? A．The festival. B．The future. C．The technology. D．The environment. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州经开区外国语学校·期末） Rain forests are forests that get a lot of rain. It can rain more than one inch  (=2.54cm) every day! There are tropical (热带的) rain forests all over the world. They are found near the equator (赤道). They are very warm. The Amazon is in South America, covering over 2.7 million square miles. It is the biggest rain forest in the world. More than half of the rain forest is in Brazil. The rest spreads across eight other countries. Many plants and animals live in the Amazon. There are more kinds of plants and animals there than anywhere else in the world. It contains 10% of Earth’s known species (物种). The biggest mix of plants and animals live in the canopy. The canopy is a thick coat of trees. It keeps off most of the sunlight. The rain forest floor is very dark. People live in the Amazon too. There are more than 400 different native tribes (土著部落)! Native people used to stay in the rain forest. They found food and built homes there. They made medicine from plants. Now they sometimes leave. They go into nearby towns to sell food. Still, they live in their own ways. Today, the Amazon is faced with the problem of deforestation (毁林). This means that too many trees are cut down by humans and it brings harmful results to the wildlife in the Amazon. What can we do to protect the rain forest and the wildlife there? 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What is the weather of Rain forest according to Paragraph 1? A．Dry and windy. B．Wet and cool. C．A lot of rain and warm. D．little rain and hot. 2．What does the underlined word “canopy” mean? A．the plants in the forest B．the leaves on the trees C．the roots (根) under the ground D．the roof-like (像屋顶) cover formed by tree branches (树枝) 3．What do we know from Paragraph 2? A．The area of the Amazon. B．Many plants and animals live in the Amazon. C．People live in the Amazon. D．The problem that the Amazon is faced with. 4．The author mentions “native tribes’ people made medicine from plants” mainly to ______. A．introduce the Amazon B．express native people are very smart C．explain the importance of the medicine D．emphasize (强调) humans depend on rainforest resources (资源) 5．What will the following paragraph most probably discuss? A．The benefits of protecting the Amazon. B．The problems that the Amazon is faced with. C．The harmful results because of deforestation. D．The ways to protect the rain forest and the wildlife there. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解 （说明文+新媒体语篇） 主题01 人与自我-学习策略 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·河南省实验中学·期末） Some people get so used to lying that they do so even when there is no clear purpose. Over the years, I’ve worked with a number of these people and learned a bit about how they think. Believe it or not, their lying makes some sense when you look at it through their eyes. The lie might not seem important to you, but it matters a lot to them. They think it’s a big deal. They might be putting too much pressure on themselves or the situation. To some people, telling the truth can feel like giving up control. Often, people want things to go their way. The truth might not fit their plan, so they avoid it. Or they just don’t want to disappoint (使失望) you. Even though it might not seem like it, people who lie a lot are often worried about losing the respect of those around them. They fear that the truth could make you turn away from them. However, lies can grow. One small lie leads to more lies to cover it up. If the liars admit to (承认) any single lie, they feel like they’re admitting to being a liar, and that’s scary. At other times, it’s not a lie to them. They might truly believe their lies at that moment. Studies show that many things influence our memories. Stress, current (当前的) events and their desire (愿望) for things to go well can make them remember things differently. Moreover, liars want their lies to be true. Sometimes, they hope that they can make something come true by saying it over and over again. Most people are honest most of the time. Even if some people lie more, they’re usually honest. Instead of asking why they lie, try to understand why the situation is so important to them. Showing empathy (同理心) and praising honesty can encourage more truth-telling. Being honest is important, and helping others be honest is also a good thing. 1．According to the passage, what may happen after someone tells a small lie? A．They forget it quickly. B．They need to tell more lies to cover it. C．Everyone will believe them. D．They feel very happy. 2．According to the passage, what can influence people’s memories? ①Stress    ②Their desire    ③ Current events    ④ Others’ opinions A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．Which of the following is NOT the reason why people lie? A．They want things to go their way and lie to avoid the truth. B．They are afraid of losing respect. C．They feel scared about admitting to being a liar, so they tell more lies to cover another. D．They like to control others by telling lies. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．People who lie don’t care about others’ opinions. B．Once people start lying, they will never stop. C．Understanding the reasons for lying may help reduce it. D．Everyone lies often in their daily life. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why people lie and how to help them. B．Why lying is always bad. C．How to be an honest person. D．How to catch liars. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要探讨了人们说谎的原因（如习惯、压力、害怕失去尊重等）和如何帮助他们更诚实（如理解、展示同理心）。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, lies can grow. One small lie leads to more lies to cover it up.”可知，然而，谎言会越说越大。一个小小的谎言会导致更多的谎言来掩盖它。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Studies show that many things influence our memories. Stress, current (当前的) events and their desire (愿望) for things to go well can make them remember things differently.”可知，压力、当前的事件以及他们对事情进展顺利的愿望会影响人们的记忆。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“To some people, telling the truth can feel like giving up control. Often, people want things to go their way. The truth might not fit their plan, so they avoid it.”可知，对一些人来说，说实话可能感觉像是放弃控制。通常情况下，人们希望事情按照自己的意愿发展。真相可能不符合他们的计划，所以他们选择回避它。排除A；根据“Or they just don’t want to disappoint (使失望) you. Even though it might not seem like it, people who lie a lot are often worried about losing the respect of those around them.”可知，或者他们就是不想让你失望。即使看起来不像，经常说谎的人通常担心失去周围人的尊重。排除B；根据“Moreover, liars want their lies to be true. Sometimes, they hope that they can make something come true by saying it over and over again.”可知，说谎者希望他们的谎言是真的。有时，他们希望通过一遍又一遍地说谎来使某事成真。排除C。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Instead of asking why they lie, try to understand why the situation is so important to them. Showing empathy (同理心) and praising honesty can encourage more truth-telling.”可知，与其问他们为什么撒谎，不如试着理解为什么这件事对他们如此重要。表现出同情心和赞扬诚实可以鼓励更多的实话实说。与选项C“了解说谎的原因可能有助于减少谎言。”描述一致。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要探讨了人们说谎的原因（如习惯、压力、害怕失去尊重等）和如何帮助他们更诚实（如理解、展示同理心）。选项A“为什么人们说谎以及如何帮助他们。”准确概括了全文主题。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河南省漯河市实验中学·期末） Whether it’s sports practice, music lessons or a usual catch-up with friends, when children are doing after-school activities, they may feel happier and healthier than those who always look at a screen. In a new study, researchers (研究者) found that children’s happiness improved when they took part in after-school activities, while things were totally _________ when they spent time on social media (社交媒体) or playing video games. The researchers studied 61,759 school students in Years 4 to 9. It worked out how many days every week children took part in after-school activities from 3 p. m. to 6 p. m. Then the number was compared with happiness factors (因素) of life satisfaction, sadness, worry and so on. Lead researcher Dr. Rosa Virgara said the research showed how some out-of-school activities can improve children’s happiness, while others—especially screens—can be harmful to their mental (精神的) and physical health. “Screens are a big distraction (分散注意力的事物) for children of all ages. Whether children are playing games, watching TV or on social media, there’s something about all screens that harms their happiness,” she said. The study also showed that even children who were already feeling happy benefited (得益于) from taking part in after-school activities. “This showed a big need to find ways to encourage children of all ages and backgrounds to take part in activities that keep them away from TV, computers and mobile phones,” Dr. Rosa Virgara said. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions. C．By explaining a problem. D．By showing research findings. 2．Which is the best word for “________” in Paragraph 2? A．true B．cool C．different D．strange 3．In which paragraph can we find the process of the study? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 4．Which of the following may Dr. Rosa Virgara agree with? A．Children shouldn’t have much screen time. B．Distractions are not always bad for children. C．Teachers also benefit from after-school activities. D．Sometimes playing video games is good for children’s mental health. 5．Through the passage, what does the writer hope to do? A．To ask for some advice on doing after-school activities. B．To encourage children to join in more after-school activities. C．To share personal experiences of doing after-school activities. D．To collect opinions of readers on doing after-school activities. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了课外活动的益处并鼓励孩子们参加更多的课外活动。 1．细节理解题。根据“Whether it’s sports practice, music lessons or a usual catch-up with friends, when children are doing after-school activities, they may feel happier and healthier than those who always look at a screen.”可知，作者通过对比参加课外活动和盯着屏幕的孩子的不同状态开启文章，是呈现一种研究发现相关的内容来引入。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“In a new study, researchers found that children’s happiness improved when they took part in after - school activities, while things were totally ______ when they spent time on social media or playing video games.”可知参加课外活动幸福感提升，这里说花时间在屏幕相关活动上，情况应是不同的，different符合语境。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The researchers studied 61,759 school students in Years 4 to 9. It worked out how many days every week children took part in after - school activities from 3 p.m. to 6 p.m. Then the number was compared with happiness factors (因素) of life satisfaction, sadness, worry and so on.”可知第三段主要介绍了研究过程。故选B。 4． 推理判断题。根据“Lead researcher Dr. Rosa Virgara said the research showed how some out-of-school activities can improve children’s happiness, while others—especially screens—can be harmful to their mental and physical health.”可知Rosa Virgara认为屏幕对孩子们来说是有坏处的，孩子们不应该有太多的屏幕时间。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“This showed a big need to find ways to encourage children of all ages and backgrounds to take part in activities that keep them away from TV, computers and mobile phones”可知，作者希望鼓励孩子参加更多课外活动。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·河南省周口市沈丘县两校联考·期末） When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, these are six ways to make you feel good about yourself. (1) Look in the mirror and say to yourself, “I am a special person and there’s no one in the world like me. I can do anything!” It may not sound so good, but it really works. (2) Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good. (3) Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family. (4) Learn something new! Have you always wanted to decorate your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished. (5) Read and start a diary. Turn off the TV and let your imagination (想象) fly! Write down your thoughts, dreams or anything you want! Writing always helps to express your feelings. (6) Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your Mum or Dad or maybe even your cousin. 1．This passage may be taken from ________. A．a picture book B．a story book C．a magazine D．school rules 2．According to the passage, when you are helping others, you will ________. A．be special B．be sure C．feel nice D．be remembered 3．What do the underlined words in (4) “a sense of accomplishment” mean? A．成就感 B．忧伤感 C．挫折感 D．信任感 4．According to the passage, which of the following shouldn’t you do when you are unhappy? A．Help others. B．Stay alone at home as much as possible. C．Learn something new and go for it. D．Keep a diary to express your feelings. 5．The best title for the passage is ________. A．Do Your Best B．Six Ways to Feel Good about Yourself C．It’s Never too Late to Learn D．Always Smile to Your Life 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了六种让自己感觉良好的方法。 1．推理判断题。根据文章整体内容可知，这是一篇关于自我提升和心理调节的文章，类似内容常见于杂志。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Helping others always makes you feel good.”可知，帮助他人总会让你感觉良好。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“New challenges are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished.”可知，新的挑战很有趣，完成后会给你一种成就感，划线部分的含义是“成就感”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Stay with your family.”可知，与家人相处会让自己感觉良好，故B项叙述错误。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。根据“When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, these are six ways to make you feel good about yourself.”以及全文可知，全文围绕六种提升自我感受的方法展开。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·河南省信阳市第七中学·期末） Labor classes at school can help students be active, creative (有创造力的) and happy in life. At the same time, students can learn the meaning of labor. From last September, all students in middle school can have at least one labor class a week. There are many interesting labor classes now. Students from a school in Chongqing had a class about catching fish in the river and learning about their habits. In Shanxi Province, students made tofu with beans. They also cooked it by themselves. The labor classes made them feel happy when they cooked delicious meals. Some students also kept small animals at home like chickens. This helped students learn how to care for living things and also made them more interested in biology. According to the new policy (政策), middle school students need to learn the following skills in labor classes: Clean their rooms and classrooms, pick proper (合适的) clothes for travel, cook three or four meals, and take part in labor activities such as planting or fishing. A study shows that doing labor work is good for students. The students can get more self-control, do better in school, and feel happier from it. Labor classes not only teach them important skills but also are a great way to relax during a busy school day. So which kind of labor skill do you want to learn most? 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How many labor classes do students in middle school have a week now? A．Zero. B．One or more. C．At least two. D．More than three. 2．Which of the following can students learn in labor classes? A．Eating habits. B．Chinese culture. C．Cooking skills. D．New policies. 3．If we want to travel, labor classes can teach us ________. A．how to read maps B．how to book train tickets C．how to choose proper clothes D．how to cook meals in other cities 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Labor classes make the students’ homework harder. B．Students can enjoy themselves by doing labor work. C．Labor classes only teach students some fishing skills. D．Students will lose control if they don’t take labor classes. 5．What is the structure (结构) of the passage?（P=Paragraph） A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕中学劳动课展开，介绍从去年九月起中学每周至少一节劳动课，列举各地有趣劳动课案例，说明劳动课要求学生掌握的技能，阐述劳动对学生 (自控力、学业、情绪等) 的积极作用，强调劳动课既教技能又助放松，引发对想学劳动技能的思考。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“From last September, all students in middle school can have at least one labor class a week.”可知，从去年九月起，所有中学生每周至少可以有一节劳动课；“at least one”意味着“一节或更多 (One or more)。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“According to the new policy, middle school students need to learn the following skills in labor classes: …, cook three or four meals, …”可知，根据新的政策规定，中学生需要学会烹饪三到四道菜。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“pick proper clothes for travel”可知，劳动课可以教大家如何挑选合适的服装去旅行。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段“The labor classes made them feel happy”和第四段“The students can get more self-control, do better in school, and feel happier from it.”可知，劳动让学生开心、快乐。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。综合全文可知，第一段：总起，介绍劳动课对学生的积极作用，以及中学每周至少一节劳动课的政策；第二段和第三段：分述，列举重庆、山西等地学校有趣的劳动课案例，并说明劳动课要求学生掌握的技能；第四段：总结，阐述劳动对学生的好处，强调劳动课的价值，收尾引发思考。因此，本文的结构为“总——分——总”，选项A结构图符合题意。故选A。 主题02 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·河南省新乡市新乡市名校·期末） The Spring Festival Yingge Dance Show Parade, held in Shantou on February 14th, attracted a large crowd. More than 1,000 dancers from 15 Yingge Dance teams took part in it, making it a big cultural event for the city. Yingge Dance, or “Dance to the Hero’s Song”, is a type of folk dance with a history of more than 300 years. It is popular in Chaoshan region in the east of Guangdong Province. Mixing dancing, Chinese martial arts, and Chinese opera, Yingge Dance has been listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in China. It’s said that this traditional dance developed from the Nuo Opera (傩戏) which was performed to drive away evil (邪恶的) spirits, welcome the spring, and pray for good luck. While ancient Nuo Opera tells stories from different folk tales, Yingge Dance is based on the adventures of the “108 Heroes” of Liangshan Mountain, best known from the classic novel The Water Margin (《水浒传》). During festivals and celebrations, Yingge dancers, each holding short sticks, dress in colorful clothes, jump up and down, and use masks, snakes, and drums to improve their performances. In London’s Burlington Arcade, during the Chinese New Year, a team from Pu’ning, Jieyang, put on a wonderful show. Anna, a Londoner who attended with her son, was thrilled and interested in joining the Chinese New Year celebrations. Her son’s growing interest in Chinese traditions has led him to study the Chinese language. Chen Laifa, the coach of the Yingge Dance team, had a dream to make Yingge Dance popular all over the world. After a month of busy training, the team, consisting (包含) of experienced members with over 15 years of performance, was well-prepared for their international performance. 1．Why does the writer mention the Yingge Dance Show Parade in the first paragraph? A．To show some new modern dancing skills. B．To share a new type of celebrating activity. C．To attract readers’ interest in Shantou. D．To lead in the topic of Yingge Dance. 2．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Yingge Dance is popular in Chaoshan region in the east of Guangdong Province. B．Dancing, Chinese martial arts, and Chinese opera are mixed in Yingge Dance. C．Yingge Dance are performed to welcome the spring, good luck and evil spirits. D．Yingge Dancers use sticks, masks, snakes, and drums in their performance. 3．What does the underlined word “thrilled” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．puzzled B．excited C．disappointed D．angry 4．What was the wish of the coach of the Yingge Dance team? A．To protect Yingge Dance’s cultural heritage. B．To make Yingge Dance popular internationally. C．To win prizes in world-wide competitions. D．To get ready for the international performance. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤/⑥ B．①/②/③④/⑤⑥ C．①②③/④⑤/⑥ D．①②③/④/⑤/⑥ 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国国家级非物质文化遗产——英歌舞的起源、特点、表演形式以及国际传播。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“The Spring Festival Yingge Dance Show Parade… made it a big cultural event for the city”和下文描述可知，首段通过描述英歌舞巡演的盛况引出本文主题——英歌舞。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“It’s said that this traditional dance developed from the Nuo Opera (傩戏) which was performed to drive away evil (邪恶的) spirits, welcome the spring, and pray for good luck.”可知，英歌舞的目的是驱邪、迎春和祈福。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第5段“Anna ... was thrilled and interested in joining the Chinese New Year celebrations”可知，Anna对参与庆祝活动感兴趣，thrilled与interested并列，应是积极词汇，结合选项可知意为“兴奋的”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第6段“Chen Laifa, the coach of the Yingge Dance team, had a dream to make Yingge Dance popular all over the world.”可知，教练的愿望是将英歌舞推广到全球。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。全文结构：①引入英歌舞巡演，引出主题→②③④分别介绍英歌舞的历史、特点和起源→⑤英歌舞的国际表演案例→⑥教练的愿景。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河南省巩义市·期末） Our solar system has eight planets. They each have something special to make themselves stand out from the others. Today, we will learn some interesting things about Neptune (海王星). Neptune is the eighth, and the farthest planet from the Sun. It was found in 1846. The planet has long been difficult to study because it is hard to get there and we can’t see it with our own eyes. Now, thanks to the development of science, people know more about Neptune than ever before. It has a beautiful blue color. It is bigger than our Earth. It is the windiest planet in our solar system. And wind speeds can reach up to about 2,400 kilometers per hour. It takes a very long time, about 165 Earth years for Neptune to go around the sun for just one time. There is also another interesting fact about the planet. It could be raining diamonds (钻石) on Neptune! This may sound like something out of a movie, but it is real on this planet. Neptune’s atmosphere (大气) has methane (甲烷). Deep within Neptune’s atmosphere, there is very high pressure and high temperature. This condition causes methane to change. Then the carbon atoms (碳原子) from the methane get pushed together by the pressure and turn into small diamonds. As they fall, there is diamond rain. Would you like to see diamond rain on Neptune one day? ▲ Maybe you’ll build the next great spaceship and take us there! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1．Why is it difficult to study Neptune? ①Because it is hard to reach.        ②Because it has so many colors. ③Because its atmosphere is too thick.      ④Because we can’t see it with our own eyes. A．①③ B．①④ C．②④ D．③④ 2．How long does it take for Neptune to circle the Sun once? A．About 165 Earth days. B．About 165 Earth months. C．About 165 Earth years. D．About 165 Earth centuries. 3．What is the main reason for the diamond rain on Neptune? A．The strong wind on the planet. B．The methane in its atmosphere. C．The long travel time around the Sun. D．The high pressure and high temperature. 4．What is the best for “ ▲ ”? A．Anything is possible. B．We can make it a home. C．Scientists found out why. D．I want to take a trip there. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To ask people to believe in science. B．To discuss the difficulty of space travel. C．To compare Neptune with other planets. D．To tell some interesting facts about Neptune. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了海王星的一些有趣事实。 1．细节理解题。根据“The planet has long been difficult to study because it is hard to get there and we can’t see it with our own eyes.”可知，因为很难到达那里，我们也无法亲眼看到它，①和④符合。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It takes a very long time about 165 Earth years for Neptune to go around the sun for just one time.”可知，需要大约165个地球年。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“there is very high pressure and high temperature. ”可知，钻石雨形成的主要原因是海王星内部的高温高压。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Maybe you’ll build the next great spaceship and take us there!”可知，这里强调万事皆有可能。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Today, we will learn some interesting things about Neptune (海王星).”可知，文章主要介绍的是海王星的一些有趣事实。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州市第二实验中学·期末） Wu Hongbo, a visitor from Dalian, recently used AI to plan a wonderful tour of Shanxi. By entering the visiting place, travel dates, budget, and personal interests into an AI app, he quickly received a week-long travel plan. The plan covered how to travel, where to visit and which hotel to live in. He took a more convenient and efficient (高效的) AI-powered journey in a province that was completely new to him. It was also Wu’s first visit to Shanxi. Faced with lots of tourist attractions and complex (复杂的) travel routes, he turned to AI. Based on Wu’s interest in ancient buildings and local food, the AI app recommended several less-known yet culturally rich attractions and local foods. “This AI-planned tour has truly given me unexpected surprises,” Wu said. “The recommended attractions and routes perfectly matched my taste, giving me a better experience of Shanxi.” On the first day of the May Day holiday, the number of passenger trips would be over 340 million. As travelers look for more immersive (沉浸式的) and personal experiences, AI’s role as an “Internet tour guide” has not only improved the efficiency and quality of travel experience but also introduced a new level of AI to trip planning. For example, “DeepSeek’s designed five-day four-night Shandong travel plan” and “AI-produced two-day Chengdu trip” are very common. They take up the top 2 of the list. With the popularity of 5G and digital technologies, immersive experience across time and space will become the main form of people’s travel. During a trip, AI can also provide real-time tour guide services. In the future, AI tour guides are expected to work in case human guides aren’t enough. Both of them will give higher-quality and more personal travel services to make travel even more exciting. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why was Wu Hongbo’s tour in Shanxi so special? A．Because it was his first visit to Shanxi. B．Because he made a wonderful plan. C．Because his trip was both cheap and flexible. D．Because a new and high-tech way was used. 2．What can the AI app do for your trip? A．Introduce many complex travel routes. B．Make a different plan from most visitors’. C．Recommend famous buildings and natural scenery. D．Understand tourist attractions more deeply. 3．How does the writer show the AI-planned tour is quite popular now? A．By listing numbers. B．By expressing ideas. C．By setting examples. D．By comparing facts. 4．What will travelling be like in the future? A．AI tour guides will take the place of human guides. B．Each one can act like a careful personal guide. C．People will have better experience and a freer journey. D．Immersive experience makes real-place tours unnecessary. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Have you ever traveled with the help of AI? B．What an amazing trip Wu Hongbo took! C．Don’t worry about your holidays any more! D．The fast development of AI technologies. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了AI在旅行规划中的应用和未来发展。 1．细节理解题。根据“Wu Hongbo, a visitor from Dalian, recently used AI to plan a wonderful tour of Shanxi.”并结合下文可知，他最近使用AI规划了一次精彩的山西之旅，AI可以为他提供的个性化推荐和服务，所以他的山西之旅很特殊。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Based on Wu’s interest in ancient buildings and local food, the AI app recommended several less-known yet culturally rich attractions and local foods.”可知，AI应用可以根据个人兴趣推荐景点。故选C。 3．细节立即题。根据第三段内容可知，本段段通过列举“DeepBCK设计的山东五日游”和“AI生成的成都两日游”等具体例子，说明AI规划行程的流行程度，属于“举例论证”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“In the future, AI tour guides are expected to work in case human guides aren’t enough. Both of them will give higher-quality and more personal travel services to make travel even more exciting.”可知，未来A1导游将与人类导游互补，共同提供更高质量、更个性化的服务使旅行体验更精彩，由此推知，人们将有更好的体验和更自由的旅程。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了AI在旅行规划中的应用和未来发展，AI技术让旅行规划变得更加简单和高效，让人们不再担心假期安排。因此A项“你曾经在人工智能的帮助下旅行过吗？”适合作标题。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·河南省驻马店市驿城区部分初中联考·期末） How do you show your strong love for someone by using English? Do you always say, “I love you very much”? There is another way to describe the feeling—I love you to the moon and back. The earth and the moon are about 384,000 kilometers apart. That’s to say, it’s about 768,000 kilometers to the moon and back. So the expression (表达) is to say that your love is like this long trip. The expression is from Guess How Much I Love You, a 2008 children’s book by Sam McBratney. Parents often use this expression to tell their children how much they love them. Another interesting expression about the moon is “moonshine”. If someone says “That’s just moonshine”. It means that he thinks the other person’s ideas or words are not real or silly. Do you know about “blue moon”? A “blue moon” isn’t really blue. It’s the name for a second full moon in one month, or the third full moon in a season (季) that has four full moons. The “blue moon” happens rarely (罕有) —about once every 2.7 years. So sometimes, we may hear the expression “once in a blue moon”. It means that something doesn’t happen very often. As the largest and brightest thing in the night sky, it’s no surprise that the moon appears in many English expressions. The next time you see the moon, you might think about these fun expressions 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．He tells stories. B．He asks questions. C．He gives numbers. D．He offers examples. 2．What do we know about the expression “to the moon and back” from Paragraph 1? A．It is a way to show strong love. B．It is the name of a famous book. C．It shows how fast people can travel. D．It tells how much parents can do for their children. 3．The underlined word “moonshine” means “______” A．a real idea B．a bright moon C．something silly D．something large 4．How often does the “blue moon” happen? A．About once a year. B．About twice a month. C．About three times a season. D．About once every 2.7 years. 5．In which book can we probably find the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个与月亮相关的英语表达的含义、来源及用法。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段前两句“How do you show your strong love for someone by using English? Do you always say, ‘I love you very much’?”，可知作者通过提问的方式开启文章，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “How do you show your strong love for someone by using English? … There is another way to describe the feeling - I love you to the moon and back.”（你如何用英语表达对某人强烈的爱？……还有另一种描述这种感觉的方式 —— 我爱你到地老天荒（直译为：我爱你到月亮再回来），可知这个表达是表达强烈爱意的一种方式。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“If someone says ‘That’s just moonshine’, it means that he thinks the other person’s ideas or words are not real or silly.”（如果有人说“That’s just moonshine” ，意思是他认为另一个人的想法或话语不真实或很傻 ），可知 “moonshine” 意思是 “something silly（愚蠢的事；傻话）”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The ‘blue moon’ happens rarely—about once every 2.7 years.”，可知“蓝月亮”的出现频率是大约每2.7年一次。故选D。 5．推理判断题。文章主要介绍英语中与月亮相关的表达，属于英语语言文化知识内容，最有可能出现在英语学习类书籍（如 “English” 相关的书籍，对应选项D ）。故选D。 主题03 人与自然-动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州市惠济区·期末） When nature meets man-made roads, it’s seldom a good thing. A large number of animals get killed by cars every week. So engineers try to build green bridges for animals over busy roads. These bridges help keep animals and people safe. The idea of green bridges isn’t really new. In fact, the first animal crossing appeared in France in the 1950s. Germany has made more than 80 green bridges since 2005. Canada and the United States are also trying to protect wildlife in their countries by building animal bridges over the years. Although there are different designs (设计), most green bridges share something similar. First, they are usually quite wide, giving animals plenty of room to move. Second, they are usually covered with earth and plants to look like the forests that lie on either side of the roads. Lastly, they are wider at the ends, spreading out (延展) where they meet the land. This helps assemble animals onto the bridge and guide them out when they leave. People may wonder ▲ , In Canada’s Banff National Park, 11 kinds of large animals such as bears and cougars (美洲狮) have already gone across these green bridges more than 200,000 times since 1996. In some places where these bridges have been built, we’ve also seen a 90% drop in accidents between animals and cars. These crossings are clearly a step in the right way to offer living chances and safety to wild animals. And with these bridges, both animal and human deaths on roads will continue going down. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Where was the first green bridge built? A．In America. B．In Canada. C．In France. D．In Germany. 2．Which picture can show the design of most green bridges according to the text? A． B． C． D． 3．What does the underlined word “assemble” mean in the text? A．Watch animals in the wild. B．Keep animals in a safe place. C．Train animals for animal shows. D．Bring animals together as a group. 4．Which can be the best to fill in the “________” in Paragraph 4? A．if these green bridges really work B．if Canada has built the best green bridges C．if it is easy to walk across green bridges D．if there will be new designs for green bridges 5．Why is the text written? A．To tell people a new idea for busy traffic. B．To encourage people to get close to nature. C．To introduce a creative way to protect wildlife. D．To teach people some helpful ways to save plants. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了为保护野生动物，工程师在繁忙道路上为动物建造的绿色桥梁，包括其设计特点、作用及实际效果等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“In fact, the first animal crossing appeared in France in the 1950s.”可知，第一座绿色桥梁建在法国，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“First…Second…Lastly…”可知，文中提到绿色桥梁设计特点：很宽，有充足活动空间；覆盖泥土和植物，像道路两侧森林；两端更宽，延伸至陆地。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据文中“they are wider at the ends, spreading out (延展) where they meet the land. This helps assemble animals onto the bridge”可知，它们的两端更宽，在与陆地相接处延展，这有助于把动物“assemble”到桥上，结合语境，“assemble”意思应该是把动物聚在一起，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“In Canada’s Banff National Park…”可知，第四段后文举例说明加拿大班夫国家公园动物使用绿色桥梁的情况及事故下降数据，是在验证绿色桥梁是否有效，A选项“这些绿色桥梁是否真的有效”符合语境，故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕为保护野生动物，工程师建造绿色桥梁展开，介绍其设计、作用等，是在介绍一种保护野生动物的创新方式，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州市枫杨外国语中学·期末） In some parts of the Thames River in England live some swans known as Mute Swans (疣鼻天鹅). They are all owned by the British royal (皇室) family. Each year, a special team travels up the river by boat to count these birds. This helps to make sure that the swan population stays at a certain size. The tradition, called “Swan Upping,” has a history of more than 800 years. David Barrier is a swan counter and he has been doing the work for more than 20 years now. Usually, he and his team members bring the birds ashore (岸上) and check them for any health problems. Each year, the count takes place in the third week of July. For example, in 2022, the count began on July 18 and ended on July 22. The team traveled about 120 kilometers along the Thames. Because of the hot weather, the birds were not brought ashore. They were put on the counters’ boats instead. Catching the swans is not an easy job. Once a team member manages to get hold of a bird, it is then examined, weighed and tagged (加标签). Immediately afterwards, the swan is set free again. In 2022, the total number of baby Mute Swans was 155. In 2024, the number dropped to only 84. The drop of number is because of bird flu during these years. Animal counts like this are important to wildlife protection and education. It is also a fun activity—lots of people come to watch the swan counts do their work! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Who do the the Mute Swans in the Thames River belong to? A．The local government. B．A wildlife organization. C．The British royal family. D．The citizens of England. 2．What do David Barber and his team do? A．They feed the swans. B．They bring the swans from land to water. C．They train the swans for performance. D．They count and check the health of the swans. 3．Why were the swans put on the counters’ boats in 2022? A．Because they grew too heavy. B．Because they didn’t show up at all. C．Because the swan counters ran out of time. D．Because the weather was too hot for them. 4．What are animal counts like this held for? ① scientific discussion     ② health examination    ③ wildlife protection    ④ public education A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 5．In which part of a newspaper might you read this text? A．Humans and nature. B．Science and technology. C．Sports and health. D．Shopping and amusements. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国泰晤士河上疣鼻天鹅的归属、年度统计传统“Swan Upping”及其意义，包括健康检查、数量统计和保护教育等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“They are all owned by the British royal (皇室) family.”可知，泰晤士河的疣鼻天鹅属于英国皇室。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“David Barrier is a swan counter and he has been doing the work for more than 20 years now. Usually, he and his team members bring the birds ashore (岸上) and check them for any health problems.”以及“Once a team member manages to get hold of a bird, it is then examined, weighed and tagged (加标签).”可知，团队的工作是统计天鹅数量并检查其健康状况。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Because of the hot weather, the birds were not brought ashore. They were put on the counters’ boats instead.”可知，2022年因天气炎热，天鹅未被带上岸。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Animal counts like this are important to wildlife protection and education”以及“Once a team member manages to get hold of a bird, it is then examined, weighed and tagged (加标签).”可知，活动目的不包括①科学讨论。故选B。 5．推理判断题。全文围绕天鹅统计与自然保护展开，最可能出现在报纸的“人类与自然”板块。故选A。 主题01 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·河南省新乡市红旗区第十中学·期末） Oracle bone script (甲骨文) is the oldest kind of Chinese writing. AI is the newest technology we use today. But right now, in Anyang, Henan, a group of engineers is using AI to study this old writing type. Li Bang, 33, is an AI scientist at Anyang Normal University. He and his team are building a special online library. They put pictures of oracle bones and lots of books into this library. They write programs to help AI learn to look at the shapes of characters (文字) and find information about them in the “library”. When people want to study an oracle bone character, they show it to the computer. AI will find similar characters and books about it in a few seconds. In the past, this took people a few hours or even a few days. AI is good at doing “puzzles (字谜)”. Usually oracle bones are found broken into pieces. To study them, we need to piece them together first. But there are about 160, 000 pieces in the world. It’s hard to find the correct pieces. So far (目前) we have only put together seven thousand sets. But AI makes this problem simple. Engineers made a program to help AI learn to look at the shapes and characters of the bone pieces. It can quickly find matching pieces in its memory. This way AI can easily help us put the puzzles together. “AI is a great helper for people who study oracle bones. But it can’t take their place.” Li said. AI remembers things very well but it isn’t good at thinking things through. So far it can help us look for information about the characters but it can hardly tell us what the characters mean. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why are Li Bang and his team building the special library? A．To save the space of the university’s library. B．To help people study oracle bone script. C．To prove (证明) that AI is a good helper. D．To teach AI to write programs. 2．What does the underlined word “this” refer to? A．Putting pictures of oracle bones into the online library. B．Knowing the meaning of an oracle bone character. C．Writing programs to help AI find information. D．Finding similar characters and books about an oracle bone character. 3．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．How AI finds oracle bones underground. B．How AI puts seven thousand sets together. C．How AI helps to piece oracle bone pieces together. D．How AI tells us what the characters mean. 4．Which of the following may Li Bang agree with? A．It’s possible for AI to think like people. B．AI can tell us the characters’ meanings. C．AI can’t do everything for people. D．AI will be replaced (替代) by new technologies someday. 5．What is the best title of the text? A．Read History with AI B．Let AI Become Our Friend C．Learn and Protect Oracle Bone Script D．Use AI in a Proper Way 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文介绍河南安阳的工程师团队利用人工智能研究甲骨文。 1．细节理解题。根据“They write programs to help AI learn to look at the shapes of the characters (文字) and find information about them in the ‘library’.”可知，建立图书馆是为让AI学习甲骨文字形、查找信息，从而帮助人们研究甲骨文。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“When people want to study an oracle bone character, they show it to the computer. AI will find similar characters and books about it in a few seconds. In the past, this took people a few hours or even a few days.”可知，this指代前文人们研究甲骨文字时，让AI查找相似字符和相关书籍的过程。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。通读第五段可知，第五段讲工程师编程序让AI学习甲骨碎片的形状和特征，帮助拼凑甲骨碎片。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“‘AI is a great helper for people who study oracle bones. But it can’t take their place.’ Li said. AI remembers things very well but it isn’t good at thinking things through. So far it can help us look for information about the characters but it can hardly tell us what the characters mean.”可知，李邦认为AI是帮手但不能取代人类，说明AI不能为人们做所有事。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读原文可知，文章围绕利用AI研究甲骨文展开，讲述AI在甲骨文研究中的应用，甲骨文是历史文字，A选项“用AI解读历史”符合题意。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州市新郑市·期末） Unitree Robots: Dancing with Tradition Unitree Robotics (宇树科技) is a Chinese tech company started by Wang Xingxing in 2016. In 2025, its robot named H1 did something special. At the CCTV Spring Festival Gala (央视春晚),16 H1 robots performed “Yangko” (秧歌), a traditional Chinese dance. Using red scarves, they moved like human dancers and their steps perfectly followed folk music. This dance showed that robots can protect cultural treasures while showing new technology. From Toy Parts to Tech Star Wang has loved robots since childhood. At 14, he built his first walking robot using toy car wheels and old watch batteries (电池). Though it could only take three steps before falling, this experience taught him to keep on. In 2013, he created X Dog—a dog-shaped robot that could run faster than real animals. Robots with Heart Last year, 200 library robots read stories to children in hospitals. Now, Unitree robots work across China—factory robots check dangerous equipment (设备), school robots teach in classes, and home robots like Go 2 even take pet dogs for walks. The newest robots also help people with disabilities. Guide robots can lead blind people through busy streets. “Technology should make life warmer,” Wang says. Simple Tech, Big Dreams These robots use easy-to-understand technology. Special cameras act as their eyes, while computer programs help them learn. For example, to make Yangko dance, robots watched human dancers 500 times! In 2023, 70% of four-legged robots were Unitree models in the world. Wang encourages students, “I failed English tests but never gave up on robots. Don’t let weaknesses stop your dreams!” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does “Yangko dance” show? A．Dancing needs expensive robots. B．Technology can protect traditions. C．Old music sounds better than modern one. D．Robots will take the place of human dancers. 2．What can robots do now according to the passage? ①Help disabled people. ②Give classes in schools. ③Read stories in hospitals. ④Play with different kinds of balls. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．The underlined word “failed” means “__________” in English. A．didn’t consider B．didn’t check C．didn’t pass D．didn’t achieve 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s hard to train robots. B．Unitree Robotics was set up in 2025. C．Wang Xingxing’s first robot walked many steps. D．Wang Xingxing’s love for robots led him to success. 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell students to follow their dreams. B．To introduce the world’s most amazing robots. C．To encourage students to develop new technology. D．To remind students to work hard on school subjects. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了宇树科技创始人王兴兴从童年自制机器人到创业的经历，以及他的成功对年轻人的启示。 1．细节理解题。根据“This dance showed that robots can protect cultural treasures while showing new technology.”可知，这段舞蹈表明，机器人在展示新技术的同时能保护文化遗产。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Guide robots can lead blind people through busy streets.”可知，导盲机器人可引导盲人；根据“school robots teach in classes,”可知，学校机器人在课堂授课；根据“Last year, 200 library robots read stories to children in hospitals.”可知，200个图书馆机器人在医院为孩子读故事，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“I failed English tests but never gave up on robots. Don’t let weaknesses stop your dreams!”可知，这一句是是说“我英语考试不及格，但从未放弃过机器人。不要让弱点阻止你的梦想”，因此“failed” 在此意为“未通过考试”，与“didn’t pass”同义。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Wang has loved robots since childhood. At 14, he built his first walking robot using toy car wheels and old watch batteries (电池).”以及他鼓励年轻人说的“I failed English tests but never gave up on robots. Don’t let weaknesses stop your dreams!”可知，原文描述他从小热爱机器人，坚持创造，最终成功，故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据“I failed English tests but never gave up on robots. Don’t let weaknesses stop your dreams!”可知，文章的目的是鼓励学生勇敢追梦，故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州市金水区·期末） The animal world is full of teamwork. No matter if it’s in the deep sea, on the wide deserts, or in the thick forests, animals have come up with really cool ways to work together. In a wolf group, each wolf has a job. The leader wolf decides what to do when it’s time to hunt. Some wolves go out to look for prey (猎物), other wolves drive the prey towards the wolves that are waiting. They take turns running to wear the prey out. They use wolf calls, body language, and smells to talk to each other. Wolves also help each other take care of the baby wolves, protect their home, and share food. Ants live in well-organized colonies (群体). What an ant does depends on its age, size, and type. Some ants go out to find food. Others take care of the baby ants, build or fix the nest to keep the colony safe. They use pheromones (信息素) to talk. When an ant finds food, it leaves the pheromone. Then other ants follow it to get the food. Their teamwork is so good that they can build their own organized communities (群落). Dolphins (海豚) also live in groups. They work together in many ways. When swimming for a long time, they take turns leading the way at the front, making it easier for the other dolphins to follow. When they hunt, they use echolocation (回声波) to find fish and tell the other dolphins. When a dolphin mom gives birth, the other dolphins in the group swim in a circle around her and the newborn baby dolphin to keep them safe. 根据材料内容选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1．What is the role of the leader wolf? A．To look for prey. B．To wear the prey out. C．To decide hunting plans. D．To take care of baby wolves. 2．How do wolves talk to each other? a. They use smells.    b. They use eyes.    c. They use wolf calls. d. They use special signs.    e. They use body language. A．b, d, e B．a, b, d C．a, c, e D．b, c, d 3．What can we know about ants’ colonies? A．Ants build or repair the nest to protect the colony. B．Once ants find food, they carry it back to the nest. C．The ants’ work is decided by their age, size and color. D．They communicate with each other by making sounds. 4．Which picture explains the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4? A． B． C． D． 5．How does the writer develop his idea in the text? A．By telling stories about how animals work together. B．By showing research results about animal teamwork. C．By comparing animal teamwork with human teamwork. D．By giving examples of how different animals work in teams. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了动物世界中狼、蚂蚁和海豚的团队合作方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“The leader wolf decides what to do when it’s time to hunt.”可知，头狼的角色是决定狩猎计划。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“They use wolf calls, body language, and smells to talk to each other.”可知，它们通过狼嚎、肢体语言和气味来相互交流。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Others take care of the baby ants, build or fix the nest to keep the colony safe.”可知，蚂蚁会建造或修复巢穴以保护群体。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“When a dolphin mom gives birth, the other dolphins in the group swim in a circle around her and the newborn baby dolphin to keep them safe.”可知，当一只海豚妈妈分娩时，群体中的其他海豚会围在她和新出生的小海豚周围游动，以确保他们的安全。B图片符合。故选B。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文通过狼、蚂蚁、海豚三个具体例子来说明动物团队合作的方式。故选D。 主题02 人与自然-动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·河南省南阳市淅川县第一高级中学附属学校·期末） Hundreds of years ago, blackberries (黑莓) were introduced into Australia. They became popular soon. People loved them not just for their tasty fruits, but also for their ability to stop soil (土壤) from being washed away. But within just 20 years, these once-loved plants turned into a serious problem. They became one of Australia’s most troublesome weeds. Weeds are plants that take over an area, making it difficult for other plants to live. Blackberries spread quickly and in many ways. This is why their rapid growth and spread are so worrying. They grow lots of canes (茎) from a central point, and these canes can grow up to about three meters long! They grow so fast every day that they often cover other plants, blocking out the light and causing them to die. As some of the older blackberry canes die, they leave behind a mess. This make it almost impossible for anything else to grow there. But blackberries don’t just spread through their canes. They can also grow new plants from their roots. Even a small piece of root that’s been cut off can grow into a new plant. And if a cane tip touches the ground, it will start a new plant there. The one-year-old blackberry canes don’t produce flowers or fruits. They make every effort to grow and spread instead. Because blackberries are such a problem, people often use chemicals (化学品) to kill them, trying to stop them growing completely. So, it’s important to remember: never eat wild blackberries! They might look good to eat, but they could be harmful. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What made blackberries become popular plants in Australia? ①Their tasty fruits.                    ②Their sweet smell. ③Their beautiful flowers.             ④Their ability to protect soil. A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ 2．What do the underlined words “blocking out the light” mean in the text? A．Stopping the light from coming in. B．Letting the light fall on the ground. C．Saving the light for producing fruits. D．Making the light shine more brightly. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about A．How blackberries grow and spread. B．Why blackberries are introduced. C．What helps blackberries to grow. D．When blackberry canes die. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Using chemicals to kill blackberries is of no help. B．Wild blackberries look ugly but taste rather good. C．People have taken action to stop blackberries growing. D．Wild blackberries grow more rapidly than people think. 5．What’s the theme (主题) of the text? A．The festival. B．The future. C．The technology. D．The environment. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了黑莓引入澳大利亚后从受欢迎变为麻烦杂草的过程，包括其受欢迎的原因、生长传播方式、带来的问题及人们的应对措施。 1．细节理解题。根据“People loved them not just for their tasty fruits, but also for their ability to stop soil from being washed away.”可知，黑莓受欢迎是因为它们美味的果实和保护土壤的能力，即①和④。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“They grow so fast every day that they often cover other plants, blocking out the light and causing them to die.”可知，黑莓生长迅速，覆盖其他植物，导致其他植物死亡，由此可推测“blocking out the light”意为阻止光线进入。故选A。 3．推理判断题。第三段主要讲述了黑莓通过茎、根以及茎尖接触地面等多种方式生长和传播，因此主要内容是黑莓如何生长和传播。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Because blackberries are such a problem, people often use chemicals to kill them, trying to stop them growing completely.”可知，人们已经采取行动（使用化学品）阻止黑莓生长。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕黑莓在澳大利亚的引入、生长传播以及带来的环境问题和人们的应对措施展开，主题与环境相关。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河南省郑州经开区外国语学校·期末） Rain forests are forests that get a lot of rain. It can rain more than one inch  (=2.54cm) every day! There are tropical (热带的) rain forests all over the world. They are found near the equator (赤道). They are very warm. The Amazon is in South America, covering over 2.7 million square miles. It is the biggest rain forest in the world. More than half of the rain forest is in Brazil. The rest spreads across eight other countries. Many plants and animals live in the Amazon. There are more kinds of plants and animals there than anywhere else in the world. It contains 10% of Earth’s known species (物种). The biggest mix of plants and animals live in the canopy. The canopy is a thick coat of trees. It keeps off most of the sunlight. The rain forest floor is very dark. People live in the Amazon too. There are more than 400 different native tribes (土著部落)! Native people used to stay in the rain forest. They found food and built homes there. They made medicine from plants. Now they sometimes leave. They go into nearby towns to sell food. Still, they live in their own ways. Today, the Amazon is faced with the problem of deforestation (毁林). This means that too many trees are cut down by humans and it brings harmful results to the wildlife in the Amazon. What can we do to protect the rain forest and the wildlife there? 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What is the weather of Rain forest according to Paragraph 1? A．Dry and windy. B．Wet and cool. C．A lot of rain and warm. D．little rain and hot. 2．What does the underlined word “canopy” mean? A．the plants in the forest B．the leaves on the trees C．the roots (根) under the ground D．the roof-like (像屋顶) cover formed by tree branches (树枝) 3．What do we know from Paragraph 2? A．The area of the Amazon. B．Many plants and animals live in the Amazon. C．People live in the Amazon. D．The problem that the Amazon is faced with. 4．The author mentions “native tribes’ people made medicine from plants” mainly to ______. A．introduce the Amazon B．express native people are very smart C．explain the importance of the medicine D．emphasize (强调) humans depend on rainforest resources (资源) 5．What will the following paragraph most probably discuss? A．The benefits of protecting the Amazon. B．The problems that the Amazon is faced with. C．The harmful results because of deforestation. D．The ways to protect the rain forest and the wildlife there. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文围绕热带雨林展开介绍，重点聚焦世界上最大的热带雨林 —— 亚马逊雨林。 1．细节理解题。根据“Rain forests are forests that get a lot of rain. It can rain more than one inch every day! They are very warm.”可知，热带雨林的天气是多雨且温暖的。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“The canopy is a thick coat of trees. It keeps off most of the sunlight.”可知，canopy指的是由树枝形成的像屋顶一样的覆盖物。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据“The Amazon is in South America, covering over 2.7 million square miles. It is the biggest rain forest in the world.”可知，第二段主要介绍了亚马逊雨林的面积。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“They made medicine from plants.”以及上下文可知，作者提到土著部落用植物制作药物，主要是为了强调人类依赖雨林资源。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据“What can we do to protect the rain forest and the wildlife there?”可知，接下来最有可能讨论的是保护雨林和野生动物的方法。故选D。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解（说明文+新媒体语篇） 参考答案 主题01 人与自我-学习策略 Passage 1：1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A Passage 2：1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B Passage 3：1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B Passage 4：1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 主题02 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1：1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A Passage 2：1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D Passage 3：1．D 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A Passage 4：1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D 主题03 人与自然-动植物 Passage 1：1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C Passage 2：1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．A 主题01 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1：1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A Passage 2：1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A Passage 3：1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 主题02 人与自然-动植物 Passage 1：1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D Passage 2：1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．D 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $