专题02 阅读理解（说明文+新媒体语篇）（期末真题汇编，河南专用）七年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 聚焦人与社会、人与自然主题，精选河南多地期末真题，融合文化传承（如抓周习俗）与科学探究（如云的重量），设题兼顾细节理解与推理判断。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|多篇阅读（每篇5题）|科技文化（抓周、八段锦）、环境保护（企鹅御寒、地球一小时）|情境真实（社交媒体帖子）、梯度设题（基础题+结构分析题）|

专题02 阅读理解 （说明文+新媒体语篇） 主题01 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·河南省商丘市柘城县·期末） In China, there is a fun activity on a baby’s 1st birthday. People call it “Zhuazhou”. On that day, parents usually put a table on the bed. On the table, there are some books, pens, rulers, food, toys and so on. Then parents put the baby at the table and the baby can take anything on it. The things may show what the baby maybe good at in the future. For example if the baby takes a book, people will say he or she will be good at writing. If the baby takes a kitchenware (厨具), people will say he or she will be a good cook. When the baby takes a cake or a toy, people will say he or she will know how to enjoy life more. Today, we have a “Zhuazhou” for my cousin. He takes a book from the table. My uncle is very happy and calls him “Wenhao”. He puts much hope on my cousin. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Parents have the activity “Zhuazhou” when the baby is _________. A．one week old B．six months old C．one year old D．two years old 2．How does the writer tell the meaning of “Zhuazhou” in Paragraph 3? A．By giving numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By listing reasons. 3．If a baby takes a kitchenware, people think the baby will ________. A．be good at writing B．be a great teacher C．enjoy life more D．become a good cook 4．Why is the writer’s uncle happy? A．Because the baby takes a book. B．Because the baby takes a toy. C．Because the baby takes a cake. D．Because the baby takes a pen. 5．The text is about an activity on ________. A．names B．hobbies C．birthdays D．languages Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市金水区河南省第二实验中学·期末） When you’re taking a plane, you’ll notice the soft clouds look lighter than air. But those clouds are much heavier than you think. So how much does a cloud weigh? And how can we weigh a cloud? Clouds are mainly made of millions of tiny water droplets (小滴), so we can know the weight of a cloud by weighing the water in it. To do that, we need to know the size of the cloud and the density (密度) of the droplets. Margaret LeMone, a scientist from the US, weighed the water in a cumulus (积云) cloud. First, she found out that a cumulus cloud is about 109m3 in size. Besides, the weight of water within 1m3 of a cumulus cloud is about 0.5 gram. In other words, the density of the droplets is about 0.5g/m3. So the cloud weighs about 500 tons, nearly the weight of 100 elephants! Of course, _________. For example, cirrus clouds are much lighter, because they have far less water. A dark thunderstorm cloud is a lot heavier, about two million tons of water. That’s why they can produce so much rain. But if clouds are so heavy, why do they stay aloft? In fact, the wind helps a lot. These droplets are small enough to stay on even the lightest wind. If they get together, they can come down—as rain and snow. Each raindrop is only 2mm across. So don’t worry! Those small raindrops spread out the weight enough and 500 tons of water doesn’t fall down on your head all at once. So, the next time you see a little cloud passing overhead, just remember: 100 elephants. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What did Margaret LeMone do to weigh a cloud? A．She compared the cloud to a ball. B．She researched its size and water density. C．She weighed the air inside the cloud. D．She counted all the water droplets. 2．How heavy is an average cumulus cloud? A．50 tons. B．100 tons. C．150 tons. D．500 tons 3．Which of the following can be put into _________ in Paragraph 4? A．it is difficult to weigh a cloud. B．other scientists do some similar studies. C．scientists can improve the study in the future. D．different kinds of clouds have different weights. 4．What does the underlined phrase “stay aloft” probably mean in Paragraph 5? A．stay in the air. B．look soft and light. C．seem small in size. D．change shapes often. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Beautiful Sky With Colorful Clouds B．Clouds as Heavy as Elephants High Up C．Clouds in the Shape of Animals in the Sky D．Interesting Ways of Weighing Clouds Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·河南省驻马店市第二初级中学·期末） Every summer, we enjoy eating watermelons. But do you know any interesting facts about the fruit? Here are some! In old times, Shennong found a fruit. It was sweet and juicy (多汁的), so he named it Xigua. Xi in Chinese means watery. The word “watermelon” first appeared in English dictionaries in 1615. Tomoyuki Ono from Japan made square (正方形的) watermelons in 1978. They were very expensive. Now people can buy watermelons in the shape (形状) of heart. Chinese people love watermelons a lot, and they are the largest consumers (消费者) of watermelons. Every year, they eat about 16 billion watermelons. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why did Shennong name the fruit Xigua? A．Because it was very expensive. B．Because it was sweet and watery. C．Because people liked it very much. D．Because it was in the shape of square. 2．When did people first find the word “watermelon” in English dictionaries? A．In 1615. B．In 1651. C．In 1978. D．In 1987. 3．Where does the maker of square watermelons come from? A．China. B．Japan. C．Canada. D．England. 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the article? (①=Paragraph 1...) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the passage mainly about? A．How people found watermelons. B．Some fun facts about watermelons. C．How expensive watermelons are. D．Ways to grow watermelons. Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市第四初级中学·期末） Strength training (力量训练), a type of exercise, is used to build strength, power, and endurance (耐力). Many adults do strength training, but is it safe and useful for children? People once thought it was useless and even dangerous. However, the latest study shows that strength training does improve children’s health. When children do strength training, they get stronger as their muscles (肌肉) grow! “It is so good for their bodies, like their metabolic (新陈代谢的) health,” says Becca Rigg, a trainer at a fitness center. She takes her kids to strength workouts two to three times a week. “I also love the message teenagers receive when exercising this way. They may feel more confident when they finish such hard and tiring training. They are getting stronger while having a better image,” explains Rigg. How do kids get started? Just like other activities, it is very important to learn the right way to do it. For strength training, it is a must to learn from an experienced coach (教练) because the coach can make sure children do movements safely and correctly. In the early time, it is best for teens to simply use their body weight, such as doing push-ups, plank and squats. Body weight movements can then be made more difficult by adding equipment (增加装备) or weights, for example, a barbell or dumbbells. So, let’s cheer our kids on as they lift, pull, and push their way to a stronger future. With our support and care, they’ll grow up ready to take on whatever life throws at them. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By describing a practice among adults. B．By introducing a new type of exercise. C．By presenting an argued question. D．By showing the result of a latest study. 2．Why does the writer mention Becca Rigg’s story? A．To show that strength training is only suitable for some children. B．To show that strength training is good for children’s mind and body. C．To show that Becca Rigg is an expert in children’s strength training. D．To show that children should do strength training as often as possible. 3．What can children do in the early time of strength training? ①.   ②.   ③.   ④.    ⑤. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．②④⑤ 4．Why is it necessary to learn from an experienced coach for strength training? A．Because the coach can make training more interesting. B．Because the coach can teach kids different training methods. C．Because the coach can make children train safely and correctly. D．Because the coach can help kids add equipment or weights. 5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The Way for Kids to Get Strength Training B．Strength Training: Only for Adults? C．How to Choose a Good Strength Training Coach D．Strength Training: A Safe and Good Choice for Kids Passage 5 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市高新区第二实验中学·期末） Do you want to keep thin and look good? Do you want to stay away from health problems? Do you have sleep problems and want to get a better sleep? Do you want to make more friends? If you do, just exercise! You may have heard of lots of ways to keep healthy. Here are some easy-to-remember ways for you. Eat healthily. ▲ It’s important to eat vegetables and fruit every day. It’s also a good idea to eat less sugar and drink more water. Move more and sit less. Although about 150 minutes of exercise a week is good, experts (专家) say that any activity is better than nothing. So try to stand up more often and do more activities. Get enough sleep. Most people need about 7～9 hours of sleep each night. If you feel tired when you do an activity or if you need to drink coffee to keep yourself awake, you may not get enough sleep. It’s not easy to get enough sleep, but it is a must for good health. Don’t exercise by yourself. When you exercise, ask a friend to go with you. He or she can encourage you when you feel tired. Then you will not stop exercising halfway (中途). 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What is the theme (主题) of the passage? A．Food. B．Sports. C．Friends. D．Health. 2．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A．You must have meals at home every day. B．Think about what goes into your mouth. C．Your parents can make nice food for you. D．Eating habits will always keep you healthy. 3．What does the underlined word “awake” mean in Chinese? A．睡着的 B．疑惑的 C．清醒的 D．振奋的 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To show the problems of being heavy. B．To tell us some ways to keep healthy. C．To ask us to do more exercise in life. D．To show the importance of sleep. 主题02 人与自然-环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·河南省漯河市实验中学·期末） Greenfield Botanical Garden Welcome to Greenfield Botanical Garden! We are in the middle of the city, just a short walk from Main Street. Our beautiful garden is a great place to go if you want to see nature and enjoy many plants and flowers. Opening Hours We are open every day from 9:00 a. m. to 5:00 p. m. You can visit us any time during these hours. Entrance Fees (门票) It’s free to come into the garden! Safety Guidelines (安全准则) To keep everyone safe, please do not pick the plants or litter. Stay on the paths (路线) and watch where you step. ▲ There are many fun things to do in the garden! You can picnic on the grass or join one of our special events. We also have a children’s area with games and fun activities. Guided Tours Every Saturday at 10:00 a. m., we offer (提供) guided tours. A friendly guide will tell you stories about the plants. Contact (联系) information If you have any questions, call us at 555-867-5309 or e-mail us at info@greenfieldgarden.org. We hope to see you soon! Enjoy the beauty of nature at Greenfield Botanical Garden. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What do we know about Greenfield Botanical Garden? A．It’s far from Main Street. B．It’s home to flowers only. C．It’s in the center of the city. D．It’s a great place to see animals. 2．What can people do at Greenfield Botanical Garden? A．Go fishing. B．Buy flowers. C．Have a picnic. D．Take an evening tour. 3．What is the best word for “ ▲ ”? A．Visitors. B．Promises. C．Choices. D．Activities. 4．When are the guided tours at Greenfield Botanical Garden? A．At 9:00 a. m., Saturday. B．At 10:00 a. m., Saturday. C．At 9:00 a. m., Sunday. D．At 10:00 a. m., Sunday. 5．How can we contact Greenfield Botanical Garden if we have questions? ① By making a call.    ② By sending a letter.    ③ By visiting a website.    ④ By writing an e-mail. A．①② B．③④ C．①④ D．②③ Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·河南省长葛市·期末） How can we know if it will rain or be sunny tomorrow? There are many ways to find out! First, we can look at the weather report on TV or our phones. But nature also helps us know. See the small ants—when they walk quickly together and carry food, it may rain soon. Ants don’t like getting wet, so they prepare before the rain comes. Bees are also good weather reporters. On sunny days, they fly far from their home to find flowers. But if you see bees staying near their home, bad weather might be coming. There’s an old saying: “When bees stay close, rain will come most.” Even pine cones (松果) can tell us about the weather. In dry weather, pine cones open wide. When rain is coming, they close up. Isn’t nature amazing? Nature is so clever! Next time before you go out, look around—animals and plants might be telling you about the weather! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What do ants do before rain comes? A．Go under leaves. B．Fly to trees. C．Stop finding food. D．Walk fast together. 2．Where do bees go when the weather is sunny? A．Stay near their home. B．Fly to different flowers. C．Go inside trees. D．Rest in their home. 3．What happens to pine cones when rain is coming? A．They close up. B．They change their color. C．They become larger. D．They drop to the ground. 4．What does the underlined saying about bees mean? A．Bees work hard in spring. B．We should take care of bees. C．Bees are always working. D．Bees staying home means rain is coming. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How ants collect food. B．How bees make honey. C．Nature can tell us about weather. D．The best weather apps to use. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市外国语中学·期末） From: Lily         Time: 9: 00 a.m. on Sunday                 Place: London Hi, everyone! I’m Lily. The weather in London now is cloudy. I am doing my homework in my room. My mother is making breakfast in the kitchen, and my father is reading a book. What are you doing? shares 300+         comments (评论) 500+         likes 999+ I am Mandy. It’s 8: 00 p.m. in Sydney. It is raining outside. I can’t hang out with my friends, so I am watching movies with my parents. It’s fun. I am Eli. It’s 5: 00 p.m. The sky is blue. I am visiting the Tian’anmen Square with my classmates, and we want to go to other places in China after this. My family are taking a walk in a park. I am Oscar. It’s 11: 00 a.m. in Helsinki (赫尔辛基) in Finland. The weather is cold. I am skiing (滑雪) with Mike. My brother is making a snowman outside. My parents are shopping in the market, and they are buying some warm clothes and food. 1．What time is it in London now? A．9:00 a.m. B．8:00 p.m. C．5:00 p.m. D．11:00 a.m. 2．Where is Eli now? A．In Singapore. B．In Ireland. C．In China. D．In Thailand. 3．What is Oscar doing? A．He is doing his homework. B．He is playing volleyball. C．He is skiing. D．He is reading a book. 4．What’s the text mainly about? A．People’s hobbies in different countries. B．People’s activities in different places. C．Weather messages in different countries. D．Different ways of spending weekdays. 5．Where can we probably read the text? A．A science report. B．A storybook. C．A diary. D．A social media post. 主题01 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·河南省巩义市·期末） ①What do people eat on their birthday? The answer must be different in different countries. ②In many countries, people have birthday cakes with candles. The number of candles is the person’s age. The birthday person must make a wish and blow out the candles. If he or she blows out all the candles in one go, the wish will come true. In the UK, people sometimes put a candy in a birthday cake. The child with the candy is lucky. ③In China, it is getting popular to have cakes on the birthday. But many people still eat very long noodles for their birthday. They never cut up the noodles because the long noodles are a symbol of long life. In some places, Chinese people also eat eggs on their birthday. They are a symbol of life and good luck. ④All of these birthday foods may be different, but the ideas are the same. They bring good luck to the birthday person. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1．In the UK, people put a(an) ______ for good luck in a birthday cake. A．candle B．candy C．egg D．noodle 2．What does the underlined word “in one go” mean? A．一个人走 B．蛋糕动起来 C．一口气 D．围着蛋糕走 3．People eat cakes, noodles and eggs on the birthday for life and good luck in ______. A．the UK B．America C．China D．many countries 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 5．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Birthday food around the world. B．A symbol of life and good luck. C．Different birthdays. D．The same birthday symbol. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·河南省洛阳市偃师区·期末） Do you think it is necessary to share your feelings (感受) with others? Sharing your feelings can help you get closer to the people around you. Sometimes it can be really hard to tell someone you are feeling sad, worried or upset. ________. If you do, you may even fall ill! When you talk with someone who cares about you, like a friend, you will not be alone with your problems and worries. It doesn’t mean your problems and worries will disappear (消失), but at least someone else knows them. Your friend can help you find ways to solve them. There are many ways for you to show your feelings. If a person doesn’t understand what you mean, try to speak in a different way. Giving an example is also suggested. Sometimes it’s hard for you to speak out your feelings. You can write them down. Some children, just like some parents, like being alone better. Some children are too shy to express their feelings. A child doesn’t have to share every feeling he has, but it is important to share his feelings when he needs help. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Which sentence can be put into the missing part “_________”? A．Don’t tell anything to others. B．Don’t care about others’ ideas. C．Don’t show these feelings to anyone. D．Don’t keep these feelings in your heart. 2．What will happen if you tell your friends about your worries according to the writer? A．They will worry about you. B．They will help you find ways. C．They will share their worries with you. D．They will tell others about your worries. 3．Which paragraph gives advice on how to show feelings to others? A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4. 4．What does the underlined word “express” mean in Chinese? A．表达 B．改善 C．控制 D．分析 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Asking others for help. B．Talking with your friends. C．Finding happiness in life. D．Letting others know your feelings. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·河南省驻马店市实验中学·期末） Children now usually sit all day and spend their time in front of the screens. That’s not good for their health. They should play more sports because sports are fun and they are really important for children. Firstly, playing sports helps children keep healthy. Many children today don’t get enough exercise. This is one of the reasons why they are becoming too heavy. Sports are a great way to get them moving. If a child likes football and takes part in football games just twice a week, he or she will be strong. Playing sports can also help children to accept failure (接受失败). Of course it is important to win a game, but if they lose a game, can they learn anything? So it’s also important for children to accept failure. And then they can move on. Playing a team sport also teaches children how to work together. Knowing how to work as a team is good for their life. Team sports such as football and volleyball help improve this skill. Children can learn how to work out problems, and how to work together to make a common goal come true. In short, sports are one of the important things for children to keep healthy both in body and in mind. Children must play more sports. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why do many children today become too heavy? A．Because they like to eat unhealthy food. B．Because they get too little exercise. C．Because they have poor sleep at night. D．Because they have many problems in schoolwork. 2．Which sport is good for learning teamwork skills according to the passage? A．Running. B．Swimming. C．Volleyball. D．Tennis. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．It’s easy for children to accept failure. B．It’s important to learn to work with others for children. C．Playing sports is more important for children than for parents. D．Playing sports can help children get better grades at school. 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A． B． C． D．         5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Sports Games B．How to Play Sports C．Children and Sports D．Different Kinds of Sports Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市航空港区·期末） Doing exercise is very important for a happy and healthy life. People all over the world choose different kinds of exercise to stay healthy. Baduanjin, a kind of traditional Chinese sport, is just one of them. The traditional Chinese exercise has a history of over eight hundred years. It is from Shaolin Wushu. It has eight parts. Each part has one action (动作). Baduanjin is slow and people play it with soft music. It is easy to learn and it works well. People only need to wear comfortable clothes, socks and shoes before doing it. It was once popular with elders. But now more and more young Chinese like doing it. They think it is beneficial for them, especially for office workers. After they spend hours sitting in front of the computer, doing Baduanjin can help them relax and sleep well. They also believe that it will make thin people strong and fat people lose weight. So they practice it once a day. Even more interesting, some foreigners know about it online and make it their everyday exercise. 1．How long is the history of Baduanjin? A．About three hundred years. B．About five hundred years. C．Over eight hundred years. D．Over one thousand years. 2．What do you need to do Baduanjin? A．Beautiful shoes. B．Expensive socks. C．Special instruments. D．Comfortable clothes. 3．Which of the following about Baduanjin is right? A．It is difficult to learn. B．It can make people fat. C．More young people like it now. D．It’s a kind of quick sport. 4．Which word is close to the underlined word “beneficial”? A．Helpful. B．Natural. C．Boring. D．Bad. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Eat Healthily to Lose Weight B．Begin with Baduanjin to Be Healthy C．Spend Few Hours in Front of Computers D．Listen to Some Music to Relax Yourself 主题02 人与自然-环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市惠济区·期末） Animals have their own ways to help them live in terrible places. For example, elephants can remember places with food and water after many years. Polar bears’ white fur makes it harder to see them in the snow. And the list goes on. Also, penguins have another way to keep themselves warm. The way they use is very interesting. It is huddling. That means, they like to sit, stand or lie close to each other when they feel cold. The question is, why do they choose this way? The most important reason is that they are trying to keep themselves warm through this way. Penguin huddles can last from a few minutes to a few hours. It all needs the weather to be good. In the cold wind, there are no good places for penguins to lay eggs, so father penguins have to make sure the eggs are warm enough. During this time, keeping their bodies warm becomes a very important thing. Huddles come to help them. Usually, the mother penguins are at the center of the huddle, where the temperatures are the highest. It is said that the temperatures in the huddles can reach as high as 20℃. Unbelievable, right? From temperatures as low as -60℃ to 20℃ above zero! It can get so warm that some penguins will break off from the group. Just a few birds leaving can cause the whole huddle to break apart. Once the need for warmth returns, they’ll huddle back together. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking a question. D．By giving examples. 2．Which of the following pictures means “huddling”? A． B． C． D． 3．What can the temperature in a penguin huddle reach? A．﹣60℃. B．0℃. C．20℃. D．60℃. 4．What can we learn from the text about penguins? A．Father penguins need to take care of their eggs. B．They move from cold places to warm places every year. C．Their white feathers makes it hard to see them in the snow. D．The huddle stays the same because of some penguins leaving. 5．What is the text mainly about? A．The duty of father penguins. B．The importance of saving animals. C．How penguins stay in the cold. D．Why penguins live in cold places. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·河南省新乡市河南师范大学附属中学·期末） Do you know about Earth Hour (地球一小时)? I think it is a really good activity to let people know that little things they do can make a big difference to the earth. Earth Hour started in Sydney, Australia, in March 2007. Now, cities all over the world join in Earth Hour. During Earth Hour, people turn off their lights, TVs, and computers to save the earth. A lot of energy (能源) is saved around the world during Earth Hour, but people should think more than one hour of energy saving. People should help the earth every hour of every day. Walking to school or the shop saves energy. Using both sides of the paper saves energy. Turning off the tap when brushing your teeth saves energy. People can do so many little things to rescue the earth. Being part of Earth Hour connects (连接) people around the world for something good. I am going to be part of Earth Hour again next year. I hope you will be, too. Let’s make the earth a better place to live. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer lead into the topic “Earth Hour” in Paragraph 1？ A．By listing a number. B．By telling a story. C．By giving an example. D．By asking a question. 2．What can we learn about Earth Hour? A．It started in Australia. B．It shows the importance of time. C．It asks people to do big things. D．It happened in many cities in 2007. 3．What do people do during Earth Hour? A．Stay inside. B．Turn off the TVs. C．Go on a hike. D．Turn on the computers. 4．What does the underlined word “rescue” mean? A．Build. B．Know. C．Save. D．Travel. 5．What’s the main purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To tell people to save time. B．To ask people to save the earth. C．To help people live an easy life. D．To connect people around the world. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·河南省新乡市河南师范大学附属中学·期末） Our Blue Planet, Earth, is a wonderful place full of amazing natural wonders. The oceans cover more than 70% of our planet. They are home to millions of different kinds of animals and plants. In the deep blue sea, we can find colorful coral reefs (珊瑚礁). These reefs are like underwater cities. Small fish hide among the coral, while big whales swim above them. The oceans also have a lot of sea turtles. They swim thousands of miles to lay their eggs on the beaches. But our oceans are in trouble now. People throw a lot of rubbish into the sea. Plastic bags and bottles can be seen floating on the water. This is bad for the sea animals. Some animals might think the plastic is food and eat it, which can make them sick or even kill them. We need to take care of our oceans. We can start by not throwing rubbish into the sea. Also, we can tell our friends and family to do the same. Let’s work together to keep our blue planet beautiful. 1．What percent of our planet do the oceans cover? A．More than 60%. B．More than 70%. C．More than 80%. D．More than 50%. 2．What are coral reefs like? A．They are like big mountains. B．They are like underwater cities. C．They are like flying birds. D．They are like floating islands. 3．What do sea turtles do? A．They swim thousands of miles to find new friends. B．They swim thousands of miles to lay eggs on the beaches. C．They swim thousands of miles to catch more fish. D．They swim thousands of miles to avoid predators (避免被捕食者攻击). 4．Why are the oceans in trouble? A．Because people throw a lot of rubbish into the sea. B．Because there are too many fish in the sea. C．Because the water in the sea is too cold. D．Because there are too many ships in the sea. 5．How can we help protect the oceans? A．By throwing more rubbish into the sea. B．By not telling others to protect the oceans. C．By not throwing rubbish into the sea and asking others to do the same. D．By catching more sea animals. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解 （说明文+新媒体语篇） 主题01 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·河南省商丘市柘城县·期末） In China, there is a fun activity on a baby’s 1st birthday. People call it “Zhuazhou”. On that day, parents usually put a table on the bed. On the table, there are some books, pens, rulers, food, toys and so on. Then parents put the baby at the table and the baby can take anything on it. The things may show what the baby maybe good at in the future. For example if the baby takes a book, people will say he or she will be good at writing. If the baby takes a kitchenware (厨具), people will say he or she will be a good cook. When the baby takes a cake or a toy, people will say he or she will know how to enjoy life more. Today, we have a “Zhuazhou” for my cousin. He takes a book from the table. My uncle is very happy and calls him “Wenhao”. He puts much hope on my cousin. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Parents have the activity “Zhuazhou” when the baby is _________. A．one week old B．six months old C．one year old D．two years old 2．How does the writer tell the meaning of “Zhuazhou” in Paragraph 3? A．By giving numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By listing reasons. 3．If a baby takes a kitchenware, people think the baby will ________. A．be good at writing B．be a great teacher C．enjoy life more D．become a good cook 4．Why is the writer’s uncle happy? A．Because the baby takes a book. B．Because the baby takes a toy. C．Because the baby takes a cake. D．Because the baby takes a pen. 5．The text is about an activity on ________. A．names B．hobbies C．birthdays D．languages 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国宝宝一岁时的一项有趣传统活动“抓周”，讲述了活动的方式及寓意，并通过作者堂弟的经历说明这一文化习俗。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“In China, there is a fun activity on a baby’s 1st birthday.”可知，“抓周”活动是在宝宝一岁时进行的。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“If the baby takes a book... takes a kitchenware... takes a cake or a toy...”可知，此处用这些具体例子来解释抓周的意义，属于通过举例说明。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“For example if the baby takes a book… If the baby takes a kitchenware… will be a good cook.”可知，抓到厨具的人被认为将来会成为厨师。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“He takes a book from the table. My uncle is very happy and calls him ‘Wenhao’.”可知，宝宝抓到书，所以叔叔很高兴。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲的是中国宝宝一岁生日时的“抓周”活动，属于关于生日的内容。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市金水区河南省第二实验中学·期末） When you’re taking a plane, you’ll notice the soft clouds look lighter than air. But those clouds are much heavier than you think. So how much does a cloud weigh? And how can we weigh a cloud? Clouds are mainly made of millions of tiny water droplets (小滴), so we can know the weight of a cloud by weighing the water in it. To do that, we need to know the size of the cloud and the density (密度) of the droplets. Margaret LeMone, a scientist from the US, weighed the water in a cumulus (积云) cloud. First, she found out that a cumulus cloud is about 109m3 in size. Besides, the weight of water within 1m3 of a cumulus cloud is about 0.5 gram. In other words, the density of the droplets is about 0.5g/m3. So the cloud weighs about 500 tons, nearly the weight of 100 elephants! Of course, _________. For example, cirrus clouds are much lighter, because they have far less water. A dark thunderstorm cloud is a lot heavier, about two million tons of water. That’s why they can produce so much rain. But if clouds are so heavy, why do they stay aloft? In fact, the wind helps a lot. These droplets are small enough to stay on even the lightest wind. If they get together, they can come down—as rain and snow. Each raindrop is only 2mm across. So don’t worry! Those small raindrops spread out the weight enough and 500 tons of water doesn’t fall down on your head all at once. So, the next time you see a little cloud passing overhead, just remember: 100 elephants. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What did Margaret LeMone do to weigh a cloud? A．She compared the cloud to a ball. B．She researched its size and water density. C．She weighed the air inside the cloud. D．She counted all the water droplets. 2．How heavy is an average cumulus cloud? A．50 tons. B．100 tons. C．150 tons. D．500 tons 3．Which of the following can be put into _________ in Paragraph 4? A．it is difficult to weigh a cloud. B．other scientists do some similar studies. C．scientists can improve the study in the future. D．different kinds of clouds have different weights. 4．What does the underlined phrase “stay aloft” probably mean in Paragraph 5? A．stay in the air. B．look soft and light. C．seem small in size. D．change shapes often. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Beautiful Sky With Colorful Clouds B．Clouds as Heavy as Elephants High Up C．Clouds in the Shape of Animals in the Sky D．Interesting Ways of Weighing Clouds 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了云的重量及其测量方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Margaret LeMone...weighed the water in a cumulus cloud. First, she found out that a cumulus cloud is about 109m³ in size. Besides, the weight of water within 1m³ of a cumulus cloud is about 0.5 gram...the density of the droplets is about 0.5g/m³.”可知，Margaret LeMone通过研究云的大小和水滴密度来称量云的重量。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“So the cloud weighs about 500 tons, nearly the weight of 100 elephants!”可知，一个普通的积云重约500吨。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“For example, cirrus clouds are much lighter...A dark thunderstorm cloud is a lot heavier...”可知，第四段主要介绍了不同种类的云重量不同，因此空白处应填入与不同种类云重量相关的句子。选项D“不同种类的云有不同的重量”符合语境。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据“But if clouds are so heavy, why do they stay aloft? In fact, the wind helps a lot. These droplets are small enough to stay on even the lightest wind.”可知，云虽然很重，但在风的帮助下能够悬浮在空中，因此“stay aloft”的意思是“停留在空中”。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。文章通过介绍云的重量及其测量方法，揭示了云虽然看起来轻盈但实际上非常重的事实，并解释了云为何能悬浮在空中。选项B“像大象一样重的云高高在上”是最佳标题。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·河南省驻马店市第二初级中学·期末） Every summer, we enjoy eating watermelons. But do you know any interesting facts about the fruit? Here are some! In old times, Shennong found a fruit. It was sweet and juicy (多汁的), so he named it Xigua. Xi in Chinese means watery. The word “watermelon” first appeared in English dictionaries in 1615. Tomoyuki Ono from Japan made square (正方形的) watermelons in 1978. They were very expensive. Now people can buy watermelons in the shape (形状) of heart. Chinese people love watermelons a lot, and they are the largest consumers (消费者) of watermelons. Every year, they eat about 16 billion watermelons. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why did Shennong name the fruit Xigua? A．Because it was very expensive. B．Because it was sweet and watery. C．Because people liked it very much. D．Because it was in the shape of square. 2．When did people first find the word “watermelon” in English dictionaries? A．In 1615. B．In 1651. C．In 1978. D．In 1987. 3．Where does the maker of square watermelons come from? A．China. B．Japan. C．Canada. D．England. 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the article? (①=Paragraph 1...) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the passage mainly about? A．How people found watermelons. B．Some fun facts about watermelons. C．How expensive watermelons are. D．Ways to grow watermelons. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些关于西瓜的有趣事实。 1．细节理解题。根据“In old times, Shennong found a fruit. It was sweet and juicy (多汁的), so he named it Xigua. Xi in Chinese means watery.”可知，神农发现这种水果又甜又多汁，所以命名为西瓜，“西”在中文中意味着“多水的”。因此，他命名为西瓜是因为它又甜又多汁。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The word ‘watermelon’ first appeared in English dictionaries in 1615.”可知，“watermelon”这个词首次出现在英语词典中是在1615年。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Tomoyuki Ono from Japan made square (正方形的) watermelons in 1978.”可知，方形西瓜的制造者来自日本。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述了要介绍一些关于西瓜的有趣事实，接下来分别从西瓜的命名、英文单词的出现、形状的创新以及中国对西瓜的消费量等方面进行详细阐述，文章结构为总分的结构，对应选项C①/②③④⑤。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“But do you know any interesting facts about the fruit? Here are some!”以及后文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一些关于西瓜的有趣事实。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市第四初级中学·期末） Strength training (力量训练), a type of exercise, is used to build strength, power, and endurance (耐力). Many adults do strength training, but is it safe and useful for children? People once thought it was useless and even dangerous. However, the latest study shows that strength training does improve children’s health. When children do strength training, they get stronger as their muscles (肌肉) grow! “It is so good for their bodies, like their metabolic (新陈代谢的) health,” says Becca Rigg, a trainer at a fitness center. She takes her kids to strength workouts two to three times a week. “I also love the message teenagers receive when exercising this way. They may feel more confident when they finish such hard and tiring training. They are getting stronger while having a better image,” explains Rigg. How do kids get started? Just like other activities, it is very important to learn the right way to do it. For strength training, it is a must to learn from an experienced coach (教练) because the coach can make sure children do movements safely and correctly. In the early time, it is best for teens to simply use their body weight, such as doing push-ups, plank and squats. Body weight movements can then be made more difficult by adding equipment (增加装备) or weights, for example, a barbell or dumbbells. So, let’s cheer our kids on as they lift, pull, and push their way to a stronger future. With our support and care, they’ll grow up ready to take on whatever life throws at them. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By describing a practice among adults. B．By introducing a new type of exercise. C．By presenting an argued question. D．By showing the result of a latest study. 2．Why does the writer mention Becca Rigg’s story? A．To show that strength training is only suitable for some children. B．To show that strength training is good for children’s mind and body. C．To show that Becca Rigg is an expert in children’s strength training. D．To show that children should do strength training as often as possible. 3．What can children do in the early time of strength training? ①.   ②.   ③.   ④.    ⑤. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．②④⑤ 4．Why is it necessary to learn from an experienced coach for strength training? A．Because the coach can make training more interesting. B．Because the coach can teach kids different training methods. C．Because the coach can make children train safely and correctly. D．Because the coach can help kids add equipment or weights. 5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The Way for Kids to Get Strength Training B．Strength Training: Only for Adults? C．How to Choose a Good Strength Training Coach D．Strength Training: A Safe and Good Choice for Kids 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕力量训练展开，探讨其对儿童是否安全且有益，介绍了力量训练对孩子身心的好处、孩子开展力量训练的方式等内容。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Many adults do strength training, but is it safe and useful for children? People once thought it was useless and even dangerous.”可知，作者通过提出一个曾有争议的问题——“力量训练对孩子是否安全有效”来引出话题。故选C。 2．推理判断题。作者引用Becca Rigg的话，在第二段说明力量训练对儿童“新陈代谢健康”等身体方面有益，在第三段指出训练能让青少年“感到更自信”、“拥有更好的自我形象”，这属于心理层面的好处。因此引用Becca Rigg的故事是为了说明力量训练对儿童身心都有益处。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“In the early time, it is best for teens to simply use their body weight, such as doing push-ups, plank and squats.”可知，在初期训练中，最好使用自重训练方式，例如做俯卧撑、平板支撑和深蹲。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“it is a must to learn from an experienced coach because the coach can make sure children do movements safely and correctly.”可知，向经验丰富的教练学习是必须的，因为教练能确保孩子们安全且正确地完成动作。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述力量训练对孩子是安全且有益的，介绍了其好处以及孩子开展的方式等，强调力量训练对孩子来说是一个安全且好的选择。故“Strength Training: A Safe and Good Choice for Kids”可作为文章标题。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市高新区第二实验中学·期末） Do you want to keep thin and look good? Do you want to stay away from health problems? Do you have sleep problems and want to get a better sleep? Do you want to make more friends? If you do, just exercise! You may have heard of lots of ways to keep healthy. Here are some easy-to-remember ways for you. Eat healthily. ▲ It’s important to eat vegetables and fruit every day. It’s also a good idea to eat less sugar and drink more water. Move more and sit less. Although about 150 minutes of exercise a week is good, experts (专家) say that any activity is better than nothing. So try to stand up more often and do more activities. Get enough sleep. Most people need about 7～9 hours of sleep each night. If you feel tired when you do an activity or if you need to drink coffee to keep yourself awake, you may not get enough sleep. It’s not easy to get enough sleep, but it is a must for good health. Don’t exercise by yourself. When you exercise, ask a friend to go with you. He or she can encourage you when you feel tired. Then you will not stop exercising halfway (中途). 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What is the theme (主题) of the passage? A．Food. B．Sports. C．Friends. D．Health. 2．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A．You must have meals at home every day. B．Think about what goes into your mouth. C．Your parents can make nice food for you. D．Eating habits will always keep you healthy. 3．What does the underlined word “awake” mean in Chinese? A．睡着的 B．疑惑的 C．清醒的 D．振奋的 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To show the problems of being heavy. B．To tell us some ways to keep healthy. C．To ask us to do more exercise in life. D．To show the importance of sleep. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些保持健康的方法。 1．主旨大意题。阅读全文，结合第1段“You may have heard of lots of ways to keep healthy. Here are some easy-to-remember ways for you.”可知，本文主要介绍了一些保持健康的方法。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据空格处后文“It’s important to eat vegetables and fruit every day. It’s also a good idea to eat less sugar and drink more water.”可知，此处内容与吃的食物有关，选项B“想想吃进嘴里的东西”符合。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第4段“if you need to drink coffee to keep yourself awake, you may not get enough sleep”可知，如果你需要喝咖啡来保持清醒，你可能没有得到足够的睡眠。awake意为“清醒的”，故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题如何保持健康；第二、三、四、五段并列，分别讲述了一些具体的方法。因此文章是总分结构。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一些保持健康的方法，因此目的是告诉人们怎样保持健康。故选B。 主题02 人与自然-环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·河南省漯河市实验中学·期末） Greenfield Botanical Garden Welcome to Greenfield Botanical Garden! We are in the middle of the city, just a short walk from Main Street. Our beautiful garden is a great place to go if you want to see nature and enjoy many plants and flowers. Opening Hours We are open every day from 9:00 a. m. to 5:00 p. m. You can visit us any time during these hours. Entrance Fees (门票) It’s free to come into the garden! Safety Guidelines (安全准则) To keep everyone safe, please do not pick the plants or litter. Stay on the paths (路线) and watch where you step. ▲ There are many fun things to do in the garden! You can picnic on the grass or join one of our special events. We also have a children’s area with games and fun activities. Guided Tours Every Saturday at 10:00 a. m., we offer (提供) guided tours. A friendly guide will tell you stories about the plants. Contact (联系) information If you have any questions, call us at 555-867-5309 or e-mail us at info@greenfieldgarden.org. We hope to see you soon! Enjoy the beauty of nature at Greenfield Botanical Garden. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What do we know about Greenfield Botanical Garden? A．It’s far from Main Street. B．It’s home to flowers only. C．It’s in the center of the city. D．It’s a great place to see animals. 2．What can people do at Greenfield Botanical Garden? A．Go fishing. B．Buy flowers. C．Have a picnic. D．Take an evening tour. 3．What is the best word for “ ▲ ”? A．Visitors. B．Promises. C．Choices. D．Activities. 4．When are the guided tours at Greenfield Botanical Garden? A．At 9:00 a. m., Saturday. B．At 10:00 a. m., Saturday. C．At 9:00 a. m., Sunday. D．At 10:00 a. m., Sunday. 5．How can we contact Greenfield Botanical Garden if we have questions? ① By making a call.    ② By sending a letter.    ③ By visiting a website.    ④ By writing an e-mail. A．①② B．③④ C．①④ D．②③ 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是是一篇说明文。主要介绍了格林菲尔德植物园的参观指南，涵盖位置、开放时间、门票、安全准则、活动、导览服务及联系方式。 1．细节理解题。根据文中第一段“We are in the middle of the city, just a short walk from Main Street.”可知，植物园位于市中心，与“in the center of the city”表述一致。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“You can picnic on the grass or join one of our special events.”可知，游客可以在园内野餐。故选C。 3．推理判断题。空格下方段落列举“picnic on the grass”、“join special events”、“children’s area with games”等具体活动，属于“活动”范畴，因此“Activities”符合题意。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Guided Tours”部分“Every Saturday at 10 a.m., we offer guided tours.”可知，导游旅行的时间为每周六上午10 点。故选B。 5． 细节理解题。根据“Contact information”部分“call us at 555-867-5309 or e-mail us at info@greenfieldgarden.org.”可知，联系方式为打电话或发邮件，对应①和④。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·河南省长葛市·期末） How can we know if it will rain or be sunny tomorrow? There are many ways to find out! First, we can look at the weather report on TV or our phones. But nature also helps us know. See the small ants—when they walk quickly together and carry food, it may rain soon. Ants don’t like getting wet, so they prepare before the rain comes. Bees are also good weather reporters. On sunny days, they fly far from their home to find flowers. But if you see bees staying near their home, bad weather might be coming. There’s an old saying: “When bees stay close, rain will come most.” Even pine cones (松果) can tell us about the weather. In dry weather, pine cones open wide. When rain is coming, they close up. Isn’t nature amazing? Nature is so clever! Next time before you go out, look around—animals and plants might be telling you about the weather! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What do ants do before rain comes? A．Go under leaves. B．Fly to trees. C．Stop finding food. D．Walk fast together. 2．Where do bees go when the weather is sunny? A．Stay near their home. B．Fly to different flowers. C．Go inside trees. D．Rest in their home. 3．What happens to pine cones when rain is coming? A．They close up. B．They change their color. C．They become larger. D．They drop to the ground. 4．What does the underlined saying about bees mean? A．Bees work hard in spring. B．We should take care of bees. C．Bees are always working. D．Bees staying home means rain is coming. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How ants collect food. B．How bees make honey. C．Nature can tell us about weather. D．The best weather apps to use. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文通过观察自然界现象(蚂蚁、蜜蜂、松果) 来预测天气，强调大自然的智慧。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“See the small ants—when they walk quickly together and carry food, it may rain soon.”可知，蚂蚁在雨前会快速聚集行走并搬运食物。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“On sunny days, they fly far from their home to find flowers.”可知，晴天时蜜蜂远离蜂巢寻找花朵。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“When rain is coming, they close up. ”可知，松果在下雨前会闭合。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据第三段“On sunny days, they fly far from their home to find flowers. But if you see bees staying near their home, bad weather might be coming. There’s an old saying: ‘When bees stay close, rain will come most.’ ”可知，晴天时蜜蜂远离蜂巢寻找花朵，而坏天气时，蜜蜂待在它们巢附近，故谚语意为“蜜蜂靠近蜂巢，雨水即将到来”。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文通过蚂蚁、蜜蜂和松果的行为说明自然界如何预示天气变化。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市外国语中学·期末） From: Lily         Time: 9: 00 a.m. on Sunday                 Place: London Hi, everyone! I’m Lily. The weather in London now is cloudy. I am doing my homework in my room. My mother is making breakfast in the kitchen, and my father is reading a book. What are you doing? shares 300+         comments (评论) 500+         likes 999+ I am Mandy. It’s 8: 00 p.m. in Sydney. It is raining outside. I can’t hang out with my friends, so I am watching movies with my parents. It’s fun. I am Eli. It’s 5: 00 p.m. The sky is blue. I am visiting the Tian’anmen Square with my classmates, and we want to go to other places in China after this. My family are taking a walk in a park. I am Oscar. It’s 11: 00 a.m. in Helsinki (赫尔辛基) in Finland. The weather is cold. I am skiing (滑雪) with Mike. My brother is making a snowman outside. My parents are shopping in the market, and they are buying some warm clothes and food. 1．What time is it in London now? A．9:00 a.m. B．8:00 p.m. C．5:00 p.m. D．11:00 a.m. 2．Where is Eli now? A．In Singapore. B．In Ireland. C．In China. D．In Thailand. 3．What is Oscar doing? A．He is doing his homework. B．He is playing volleyball. C．He is skiing. D．He is reading a book. 4．What’s the text mainly about? A．People’s hobbies in different countries. B．People’s activities in different places. C．Weather messages in different countries. D．Different ways of spending weekdays. 5．Where can we probably read the text? A．A science report. B．A storybook. C．A diary. D．A social media post. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇社交媒体动态，展示了来自伦敦、悉尼、北京和赫尔辛基的四位用户分享的实时活动与天气情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“Time: 9:00 a.m. on Sunday… Place: London”可知，伦敦当前时间为上午9点。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Eli的留言“I am Eli....I am visiting the Tian’anmen Square… in China”可知，Eli在中国。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据Oscar的留言“I am skiing (滑雪) with Mike”可知，他正在滑雪。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过多人的动态描述不同地点（伦敦、悉尼、北京、赫尔辛基）的活动（做作业、看电影、参观天安门、滑雪等），核心内容是“不同地方的活动”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。文本包含发布时间、地点、互动数据（shares/comments/likes）及多人评论，符合社交媒体帖子的特征。故选D。 主题01 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·河南省巩义市·期末） ①What do people eat on their birthday? The answer must be different in different countries. ②In many countries, people have birthday cakes with candles. The number of candles is the person’s age. The birthday person must make a wish and blow out the candles. If he or she blows out all the candles in one go, the wish will come true. In the UK, people sometimes put a candy in a birthday cake. The child with the candy is lucky. ③In China, it is getting popular to have cakes on the birthday. But many people still eat very long noodles for their birthday. They never cut up the noodles because the long noodles are a symbol of long life. In some places, Chinese people also eat eggs on their birthday. They are a symbol of life and good luck. ④All of these birthday foods may be different, but the ideas are the same. They bring good luck to the birthday person. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1．In the UK, people put a(an) ______ for good luck in a birthday cake. A．candle B．candy C．egg D．noodle 2．What does the underlined word “in one go” mean? A．一个人走 B．蛋糕动起来 C．一口气 D．围着蛋糕走 3．People eat cakes, noodles and eggs on the birthday for life and good luck in ______. A．the UK B．America C．China D．many countries 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 5．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Birthday food around the world. B．A symbol of life and good luck. C．Different birthdays. D．The same birthday symbol. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同国家生日时人们吃的食物，如许多国家的生日蛋糕、英国蛋糕里的糖果、中国的长寿面和鸡蛋等，虽然食物不同，但都承载着给过生日的人带来好运的美好寓意。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the UK, people sometimes put a candy in a birthday cake. The child with the candy is lucky.”可知，在英国，人们会在生日蛋糕里放一块糖果以求好运，故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“The birthday person must make a wish and blow out the candles. If he or she blows out all the candles in one go, the wish will come true.”语境可知，“in one go”意思是一口气吹灭蜡烛，愿望才会实现，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In China, it is getting popular to have cakes on the birthday. But many people still eat very long noodles for their birthday...In some places, Chinese people also eat eggs on their birthday. They are a symbol of life and good luck.”可知，在中国人们生日吃蛋糕、面条和鸡蛋是为了象征生命和好运，故选C。 4．篇章结构题。结合全文可知，文章第一段提出问题，即不同国家生日吃的东西不同；第二段和第三段分别介绍了许多国家和中国生日饮食习俗；第四段总结这些生日食物虽不同，但都能给过生日的人带来好运。所以文章结构是总—分—总，即①/②③/④，故选D。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要围绕不同国家生日时吃的食物展开介绍，所以作者想告诉我们世界各地的生日食物，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·河南省洛阳市偃师区·期末） Do you think it is necessary to share your feelings (感受) with others? Sharing your feelings can help you get closer to the people around you. Sometimes it can be really hard to tell someone you are feeling sad, worried or upset. ________. If you do, you may even fall ill! When you talk with someone who cares about you, like a friend, you will not be alone with your problems and worries. It doesn’t mean your problems and worries will disappear (消失), but at least someone else knows them. Your friend can help you find ways to solve them. There are many ways for you to show your feelings. If a person doesn’t understand what you mean, try to speak in a different way. Giving an example is also suggested. Sometimes it’s hard for you to speak out your feelings. You can write them down. Some children, just like some parents, like being alone better. Some children are too shy to express their feelings. A child doesn’t have to share every feeling he has, but it is important to share his feelings when he needs help. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Which sentence can be put into the missing part “_________”? A．Don’t tell anything to others. B．Don’t care about others’ ideas. C．Don’t show these feelings to anyone. D．Don’t keep these feelings in your heart. 2．What will happen if you tell your friends about your worries according to the writer? A．They will worry about you. B．They will help you find ways. C．They will share their worries with you. D．They will tell others about your worries. 3．Which paragraph gives advice on how to show feelings to others? A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4. 4．What does the underlined word “express” mean in Chinese? A．表达 B．改善 C．控制 D．分析 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Asking others for help. B．Talking with your friends. C．Finding happiness in life. D．Letting others know your feelings. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文围绕分享感受展开，强调分享感受能拉近与他人距离，憋在心里可能生病；介绍分享感受的好处、表达感受的方式，还提及孩子分享感受的情况，鼓励人们让他人知晓自己的感受。 1．推理判断题。根据“Sometimes it can be really hard to tell someone you are feeling sad, worried or upset. ______. If you do, you may even fall ill!”可知，此处表示不分享这些情绪，可能生病，即建议不要将情绪憋在心里。D选项“别把情绪藏在心里”符合题意。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Your friend can help you find ways to solve them.”可知，可以让朋友帮忙找解决办法。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“There are many ways for you to show your feelings. If a person doesn’t understand ... try to speak in a different way ... write them down.”可知，第三段主要讲述表达感受的方法：换说法、举例、写下来。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Some children are too shy to express their feelings.”可知，此句表示有些孩子因为太过害羞而难以表达自己的感受。express意思是“表达”。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读原文可知，全文围绕分享感受，讲分享的重要性、好处、表达方法，核心是让别人知晓你的感受。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·河南省驻马店市实验中学·期末） Children now usually sit all day and spend their time in front of the screens. That’s not good for their health. They should play more sports because sports are fun and they are really important for children. Firstly, playing sports helps children keep healthy. Many children today don’t get enough exercise. This is one of the reasons why they are becoming too heavy. Sports are a great way to get them moving. If a child likes football and takes part in football games just twice a week, he or she will be strong. Playing sports can also help children to accept failure (接受失败). Of course it is important to win a game, but if they lose a game, can they learn anything? So it’s also important for children to accept failure. And then they can move on. Playing a team sport also teaches children how to work together. Knowing how to work as a team is good for their life. Team sports such as football and volleyball help improve this skill. Children can learn how to work out problems, and how to work together to make a common goal come true. In short, sports are one of the important things for children to keep healthy both in body and in mind. Children must play more sports. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why do many children today become too heavy? A．Because they like to eat unhealthy food. B．Because they get too little exercise. C．Because they have poor sleep at night. D．Because they have many problems in schoolwork. 2．Which sport is good for learning teamwork skills according to the passage? A．Running. B．Swimming. C．Volleyball. D．Tennis. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．It’s easy for children to accept failure. B．It’s important to learn to work with others for children. C．Playing sports is more important for children than for parents. D．Playing sports can help children get better grades at school. 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A． B． C． D．         5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Sports Games B．How to Play Sports C．Children and Sports D．Different Kinds of Sports 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述了运动对儿童的重要性，包括帮助儿童保持健康、学会接受失败以及培养团队合作能力等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many children today don’t get enough exercise. This is one of the reasons why they are becoming too heavy.”可知，许多儿童变胖的原因是锻炼太少。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Team sports such as football and volleyball help improve this skill.”可知，排球属于团队运动，有助于学习团队合作技能。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Playing a team sport also teaches children how to work together. Knowing how to work as a team is good for their life.”可推知，对儿童来说，学会与他人合作很重要。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第1段总述运动对儿童的重要性，第2、3、4段分别从“保持健康”“接受失败”“团队合作”三个方面展开，第5段总结。结构为“总—分—总”。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“儿童与运动”的关系，阐述运动对儿童的诸多益处。C选项“儿童与运动”最能概括主旨。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市航空港区·期末） Doing exercise is very important for a happy and healthy life. People all over the world choose different kinds of exercise to stay healthy. Baduanjin, a kind of traditional Chinese sport, is just one of them. The traditional Chinese exercise has a history of over eight hundred years. It is from Shaolin Wushu. It has eight parts. Each part has one action (动作). Baduanjin is slow and people play it with soft music. It is easy to learn and it works well. People only need to wear comfortable clothes, socks and shoes before doing it. It was once popular with elders. But now more and more young Chinese like doing it. They think it is beneficial for them, especially for office workers. After they spend hours sitting in front of the computer, doing Baduanjin can help them relax and sleep well. They also believe that it will make thin people strong and fat people lose weight. So they practice it once a day. Even more interesting, some foreigners know about it online and make it their everyday exercise. 1．How long is the history of Baduanjin? A．About three hundred years. B．About five hundred years. C．Over eight hundred years. D．Over one thousand years. 2．What do you need to do Baduanjin? A．Beautiful shoes. B．Expensive socks. C．Special instruments. D．Comfortable clothes. 3．Which of the following about Baduanjin is right? A．It is difficult to learn. B．It can make people fat. C．More young people like it now. D．It’s a kind of quick sport. 4．Which word is close to the underlined word “beneficial”? A．Helpful. B．Natural. C．Boring. D．Bad. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Eat Healthily to Lose Weight B．Begin with Baduanjin to Be Healthy C．Spend Few Hours in Front of Computers D．Listen to Some Music to Relax Yourself 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了八段锦的特点和益处，倡导通过传统运动保持健康生活方式。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The traditional Chinese exercise has a history of over eight hundred years.”可知，八段锦有超过800年的历史。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“People only need to wear comfortable clothes, socks and shoes before doing it.”可知，练习八段锦只需穿舒适的衣服、袜子和鞋子。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“It was once popular with elders. But now more and more young Chinese like doing it.”可知，八段锦曾受老年人欢迎，但如今越来越多年轻人喜欢。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“doing Baduanjin can help them relax and sleep well.”可知，做八段锦能帮助久坐办公室的人放松、休息好。故划线单词“beneficial”意为“有帮助的”，故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了八段锦的特点和益处，倡导通过传统运动保持健康生活方式。故最佳标题为：开始练八段锦来保持健康。故选B。 主题02 人与自然-环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·河南省郑州市惠济区·期末） Animals have their own ways to help them live in terrible places. For example, elephants can remember places with food and water after many years. Polar bears’ white fur makes it harder to see them in the snow. And the list goes on. Also, penguins have another way to keep themselves warm. The way they use is very interesting. It is huddling. That means, they like to sit, stand or lie close to each other when they feel cold. The question is, why do they choose this way? The most important reason is that they are trying to keep themselves warm through this way. Penguin huddles can last from a few minutes to a few hours. It all needs the weather to be good. In the cold wind, there are no good places for penguins to lay eggs, so father penguins have to make sure the eggs are warm enough. During this time, keeping their bodies warm becomes a very important thing. Huddles come to help them. Usually, the mother penguins are at the center of the huddle, where the temperatures are the highest. It is said that the temperatures in the huddles can reach as high as 20℃. Unbelievable, right? From temperatures as low as -60℃ to 20℃ above zero! It can get so warm that some penguins will break off from the group. Just a few birds leaving can cause the whole huddle to break apart. Once the need for warmth returns, they’ll huddle back together. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking a question. D．By giving examples. 2．Which of the following pictures means “huddling”? A． B． C． D． 3．What can the temperature in a penguin huddle reach? A．﹣60℃. B．0℃. C．20℃. D．60℃. 4．What can we learn from the text about penguins? A．Father penguins need to take care of their eggs. B．They move from cold places to warm places every year. C．Their white feathers makes it hard to see them in the snow. D．The huddle stays the same because of some penguins leaving. 5．What is the text mainly about? A．The duty of father penguins. B．The importance of saving animals. C．How penguins stay in the cold. D．Why penguins live in cold places. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了企鹅通过“抱团取暖”的方式在严寒中生存的适应性行为，并重点分析了雌性企鹅在群体中的核心作用及抱团时的温度变化。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Animals have their own ways to help them live in terrible places. For example, elephants can remember places with food and water after many years. Polar bears’ white fur makes it harder to see them in the snow.”可知，作者在开头列举了大象和北极熊独特的帮助它们在恶劣的环境中生存的方式。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“It is huddling. That means, they like to sit, stand or lie close to each other when they feel cold.”可知，“huddling”意味着，当它们感到寒冷时，喜欢坐在一起、站在一起或躺在一起。与图片B相符，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It is said that the temperatures in the huddles can reach as high as 20℃.”可知，在企鹅聚集的地方，温度最高可达20℃。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“father penguins have to make sure the eggs are warm enough.”可知，企鹅爸爸必须确保蛋保持足够温暖。由此可推知，企鹅爸爸负责照顾好蛋。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了企鹅通过“抱团取暖”的方式在严寒中生存的适应性行为。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·河南省新乡市河南师范大学附属中学·期末） Do you know about Earth Hour (地球一小时)? I think it is a really good activity to let people know that little things they do can make a big difference to the earth. Earth Hour started in Sydney, Australia, in March 2007. Now, cities all over the world join in Earth Hour. During Earth Hour, people turn off their lights, TVs, and computers to save the earth. A lot of energy (能源) is saved around the world during Earth Hour, but people should think more than one hour of energy saving. People should help the earth every hour of every day. Walking to school or the shop saves energy. Using both sides of the paper saves energy. Turning off the tap when brushing your teeth saves energy. People can do so many little things to rescue the earth. Being part of Earth Hour connects (连接) people around the world for something good. I am going to be part of Earth Hour again next year. I hope you will be, too. Let’s make the earth a better place to live. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer lead into the topic “Earth Hour” in Paragraph 1？ A．By listing a number. B．By telling a story. C．By giving an example. D．By asking a question. 2．What can we learn about Earth Hour? A．It started in Australia. B．It shows the importance of time. C．It asks people to do big things. D．It happened in many cities in 2007. 3．What do people do during Earth Hour? A．Stay inside. B．Turn off the TVs. C．Go on a hike. D．Turn on the computers. 4．What does the underlined word “rescue” mean? A．Build. B．Know. C．Save. D．Travel. 5．What’s the main purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To tell people to save time. B．To ask people to save the earth. C．To help people live an easy life. D．To connect people around the world. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文通过“地球一小时”活动，最终目的是唤起人们对环境保护的重视，号召大家采取实际行动拯救地球。 1．细节理解题。根据“Do you know about Earth Hour?”可知，作者通过提出问题引入“地球一小时”这一话题。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Earth Hour started in Sydney, Australia, in March 2007.”可知，“地球一小时”始于澳大利亚。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“During Earth Hour, people turn off their lights, TVs, and computers to save the earth.”可知，“地球一小时”期间人们会关掉电视。故选B。 4．词义猜测题。根据前文列举的人们为节约能源做的小事，如步行、双面用纸、刷牙关水龙头等，这些都是为了“拯救；保护”地球，所以“rescue”意思是“拯救；挽救” ，和save“拯救”意思相符。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。文章介绍“地球一小时”活动，强调人们应不止在这一小时节能，要每天每小时都为保护地球行动，目的是呼吁人们拯救地球。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·河南省新乡市河南师范大学附属中学·期末） Our Blue Planet, Earth, is a wonderful place full of amazing natural wonders. The oceans cover more than 70% of our planet. They are home to millions of different kinds of animals and plants. In the deep blue sea, we can find colorful coral reefs (珊瑚礁). These reefs are like underwater cities. Small fish hide among the coral, while big whales swim above them. The oceans also have a lot of sea turtles. They swim thousands of miles to lay their eggs on the beaches. But our oceans are in trouble now. People throw a lot of rubbish into the sea. Plastic bags and bottles can be seen floating on the water. This is bad for the sea animals. Some animals might think the plastic is food and eat it, which can make them sick or even kill them. We need to take care of our oceans. We can start by not throwing rubbish into the sea. Also, we can tell our friends and family to do the same. Let’s work together to keep our blue planet beautiful. 1．What percent of our planet do the oceans cover? A．More than 60%. B．More than 70%. C．More than 80%. D．More than 50%. 2．What are coral reefs like? A．They are like big mountains. B．They are like underwater cities. C．They are like flying birds. D．They are like floating islands. 3．What do sea turtles do? A．They swim thousands of miles to find new friends. B．They swim thousands of miles to lay eggs on the beaches. C．They swim thousands of miles to catch more fish. D．They swim thousands of miles to avoid predators (避免被捕食者攻击). 4．Why are the oceans in trouble? A．Because people throw a lot of rubbish into the sea. B．Because there are too many fish in the sea. C．Because the water in the sea is too cold. D．Because there are too many ships in the sea. 5．How can we help protect the oceans? A．By throwing more rubbish into the sea. B．By not telling others to protect the oceans. C．By not throwing rubbish into the sea and asking others to do the same. D．By catching more sea animals. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了海洋目前所面临的问题，呼吁大家保护海洋。 1．细节理解题。根据“The oceans cover more than 70% of our planet.”可知，海洋覆盖了地球70%以上的面积。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“These reefs are like underwater cities.”可知，这些珊瑚礁就像水下城市。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“They swim thousands of miles to lay their eggs on the beaches.”可知，它们游了数千英里在海滩上产卵。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“But our oceans are in trouble now. People throw a lot of rubbish into the sea.”可知，但我们的海洋现在遇到了麻烦因为人们往海里扔了很多垃圾。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“We need to take care of our oceans. We can start by not throwing rubbish into the sea. Also, we can tell our friends and family to do the same.”可知，我们需要保护我们的海洋，我们可以从不把垃圾扔进海里开始，此外我们可以告诉我们的朋友和家人也这样做。故选C。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解（说明文+新媒体语篇） 参考答案 主题01 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1：1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C Passage 2：1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．B Passage 3：1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B Passage 4：1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D Passage 5：1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 主题02 人与自然-环境保护 Passage 1：1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C Passage 2：1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C Passage 3：1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 主题01 人与社会-科技文化 Passage 1：1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A Passage 2：1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D Passage 3：1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C Passage 4：1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 主题02 人与自然-环境保护 Passage 1：1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C Passage 2：1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B Passage 3：1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $