Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking-【创新教程】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册五维课堂同步复习（人教版）

UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS Section I Discovering Useful Structures Listening and Talking 要点。层层精析 [词汇精讲] ◆汇即学活用] l.(教材P52)She is feeding the baby who 单句语法填空 survived the earthquake. DAfter the traffic accident,no one 她正在给在地震中幸存的那个婴儿喂食。 (survive)except a girl who was badly in- survive vi..幸免；幸存；生还ot.经历… jured. 而幸存；比…活得时间长 2The old woman survived her own daugh- ◆汇佳句感知] ter ten years. (1)If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ③The of the earthquake are fighting for (survive) ocean,it will change the type of fish that will be 语境串记 able to survive. ④After he the earthquake,the old 如果某种鱼类在海洋中消失，这将改变能够 man became one of the few of the 生存下来的鱼类。 family and his made his old friends (2)The old woman has survived his hus- very happy.(survive) band by ten years. 这位老人在地震中幸存下来之后，他成了这 这位老妇比她丈夫已多活了十年。 个家庭中少数幸存者之一，他的幸存使他的 (3)His survival in the terrible accident was 老朋友们很高兴。 a great wonder. 2.(教材P53)Stay calm.保持镇静。 在这么严重的车祸中他幸存下来简直就是 calm vt..&vi.(使)平静，（使）镇静 奇迹。 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的 归纳拓展了(i)survive sth."幸免于；从 ◆[佳句感知] …中挺过来/活过来 What is very important in an emergency( survive on 依靠…生活 急情况)is that you should keep calm. survive sb.by... 比某人多活… 紧急情况下最重要的是你要保持冷静。 (2)survival n.生存；幸存 归纳拓展] calm down平静下来；镇静 (3)survivor n. 生还者，幸存者 下来 注意：survive作“幸存；幸免于”解时为及物 calm sb./sth.down 使…平静；使… 动词，其后直接接宾语，不用介词in或 镇静 from。 keep calm 保持镇静 。109 英语·必修第一册 易混辨析] (2)He was the first to carry out first aid to calm,quiet,silent,still the man. 他是第一个给这个男人实施急救的人。 修饰天气、海洋等时，表示一种无 归纳拓展first aid急救 calm 风无浪的“平静”；指人时，表示镇 静、平和的心情。 in aid of支持，帮助 with the aid of sb.=with sb.'said在某人的 指周围环境很静，没有声音，不吵 quiet 帮助下 闹或人心里没有烦恼、焦虑。 come to one'said来帮助某人 指“寂静、无声或声音很小”，或指 silent aid sb.in (doing)sth. 在（做）某事上帮助 人“沉默不语，不说话”。 某人 含义是“静止的；不动的”，侧重于 aid sb.with sth. 以某物帮助某人 still 完全无声响或完全不动。 aid sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 ◆汇即学活用] ◆汇即学活用] 单句语法填空 单句语法填空 DAs soon as their parents came in,the DThey were accused of aiding him twin sisters calmed his escape. 2Do not have a drink or take drugs to calm ② the aid of a local artist,the pu- yourself pils created the wall painting. 完成句子 ③We have aided him (finish)the ③Please try to in face of work ahead of time. danger. 4.(教材P53)Now for our emergency sup 在面对危险时请尽量保持镇静。 plies,we would suggest always having on 选词填空(calm,quiet,silent,still)) hand enough water and food for 3 days,... ④The sea is tonight. 现在说到紧急情况下的补给，我们总要建议 ⑤Keep please.The speaker is 身边有足够的饮水以及3天的食物… on hand在手头；现有；在场 coming. ⑥He stood there except that his 汇归纳拓展了at hand在手边；即将到来 lips were slightly moving. by hand用手的；手工 ⑦He saw a film at the age of on the one hand...,on the other hand five. 一方面…，另一方面… 3.(教材P53)First aid kit..急救箱。 hand in 提交；交上 aidn.&vt.帮助；援助；资助 hand over 移交；交出 ◆[佳句感知] ◆[即学活用] (1)With the aid of the teacher,all of us in 完成句子 our class have made great progress. DNow many people like to eat dumplings 在老师的帮助下，我们班所有人都取得了巨大 made 的进步。 如今许多人喜欢吃手工水饺。 ·110 。 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS ②On his retirement,he ◆汇佳句感知] to his son. ..making more affordable washing ma- 他退休时把生意移交给了他的儿子。 ③ chines would have improved people's computers improve the working efficiency; lives... they also bring about some new problems. 制造更多付得起的洗衣机会提高人们的生 一方面计算机提高了人们的工作效率；另一 方面，也引起了一些新的问题。 活水平… [句式精析] ◆[即学活用] (教材P53)Having an emergency kit pre- 完成句子 pared is also very important. ① is a pleasure. 准备一个急救箱是非常重要的。 ◆[句式分析] 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。 本句为一个由动名词作主语的简单句。当 ②It's a waste of time 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。有 说服这样一个人加入我们是浪费时间。 时用it作形式主语。 语法。探究突破 限制性定语从句 [自我探究] 自我探究 总结归纳 自我探究 总结归纳 whose,指人的 4.（教材原文Po)Work 1.(教材原文Po)Two (their)或物的， ers built shelters for thirds of the people who 关系代词，在句 lived there were dead survivors whose homes 必 相 当 or injured had been destroyed 于survivors' 2.(教材原文Po)The who,指人(peo number of people who 5.（教材原文P2)Adoc ple,those),关 whom,指人(a were killed or badly in- tor with whom James 系代词，在句中 doctor),关系代 jured in the quake was used to work died in 相当于the peo- 词，在句中相当 more than 400,000 the 2016 earthquake ple(1句)，peo 于a doctor 3.(教材原文Po)Soon af- ple(2句)和 in Ecuador ter the quakes,the ar- those(3句) my sent 150,000 sol- that/which,指 6.(教材原文Pso)There diers to Tangshan to 物(cracks),关 were deep cracks that/ dig out those who were 系代词，在句中 which appeared in the trapped and to bury the 相 当 于 well walls dead deep cracks ·111 英语·必修第一册 [语法精讲门 3.whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所 一、基本概念 属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。 1.在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰 (1)I know the person whose house was de- 作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或 stroyed in the earthquake. 代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关 我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。 系词。 (2)He lives in a room whose window faces 2.关系词分为关系代词(that,which,who, north. whom,whose,as等)和关系副词(when, 他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。 where,why等)两类。 ◆[学以致用1]关系代词填空 二、思维导图 ①Do you know the man is talk- 在从句中作 ing with your mother? who→指人→ 主语或宾语 ②Those want to see the film set 在从句中作 whom →指人 宾语 down your names,please. 限制性 指人的 在从句中作 定语从句 关系词→代词 whose 物的 定语 ③This is the person you should 指人或 在从句中作 that 物 主语或宾语 thank for helping your son. 在从句中作 which→指物 ④The girl graduated from Cam- 主语或宾语 bridge University is called Amanda. 三、关系代词的基本用法 5In 1963 the UN set up the World Food 1.who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、 Programme,one of purposes is to 宾语。 relieve worldwide starvation. (1)The children who were injured in a car ⑥Any student family is too poor accident are being treated in the to go to school can get help from the gov- hospital now. ernment. 在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受 4.which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语， 治疗。 作宾语时可省略。 (2)Danny was the man who we rescued from (1)The young man was very happy to get the ruins. back the gold ring (which)he had lost on 丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。 the train. 2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略， 那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非 也可用who代替。 常高兴。 (1)Rose is the person (who/whom)you (2)The little girl is having an apple which should care about. is big and red. 罗斯是你应该关心的人。 小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。 (2)The boy (who/whom)the teacher often 5.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作 praises is their monitor. 主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。习 老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。 惯上指人多用who/whom,指物多用which。 ·112· UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS (1)The number of people that/who come to (2)All that can be done has been done. visit this city each year reaches one million. 有能做的都做了。 每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。 2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 (that指人，作主语) (1)The first place that they visited in Lon- (2)The suitcase that/which lies on the ground don was the Big Ben. is hers. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物， (2)This is the most delicious food that I have ev- 作主语) er had. [名师点津] 这是我吃过的最美味的食品。 (1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当 3.先行词被all,every,no,the only,the very, 主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不 the last等修饰时。 能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。 (1)I've read all the books that are not mine. [译]昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。 我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。 ]The film (that/which)we saw it last (2)The only thing that she could do was to night is very frightening. go to the police for help. [The film (that/which)we saw last 她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。 night is very frightening. (3)I have found the very pen that I lost yes- (2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略， terday. 作宾语时可以省略。 我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。 Is that the girl (whom/who/that) you 4.当先行词既指人，又指物时。 spoke of the other day? We often talk about the persons and things 那就是你前几天所提到的女孩吗？ that we remember. ◆[学以致用2]关系代词填空 我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。 ①The little problems we meet in ◆[学以致用3]完成句子 our daily lives may be inspirations for great in- DThis is the most beautiful park ventions. 2Look,here are some people 这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。 want you to meet. 2She took photographs of the things and 3Do you still remember the chicken farm people we visited three months ago? 她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。 四、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况 ③Chatting was interested 1.当先行词为all,everything,nothing,any- her most. thing,much等不定代词时。 聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。 (1)Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li ©温馨提污 said? 学习至此，请完成配套训练 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？ ·113·2.即学活用 ①were damaged②done/caused great damage to ③damage our health 3.即学活用 ①at②By the end of next month③In the end 4.即学活用 ①in②into ③yourself④ruined his chance of getting the job 5.即学活用 ①injured②were sent③injury 6.即学活用 ①to②to hear③shocking④the people at the meeting very shocked 5were shocked at/by the news 7.(1)即学活用 ①were trapped②into③trapped the little boy into en- tering Trapped in the building (2)即学活用 ⑤in⑥burying⑦As he was buried in his lessons ⑧Buried in his lessons 8.即学活用 ①has②to interest ③had been made④spare no effort 句式精析 1.即学活用 ①is②were ③had been 2.即学活用 ①running②with a pile of books on it③With a lot of work to do SectionⅢ Discovering Useful Structures Lis- tening and Talking 要点层层精析词汇精讲 1.即学活用 ①survived②by③survivors survival④survived survivors survival 2.即学活用 ①down②down③keep calm④calm⑤quiet ⑥still⑦silent 3.即学活用 ①in②With③to finish 4.即学活用 ①by hand②handed the business over ③On the one hand on the other hand 句式精析即学活用 ①Working with you 2 persuading such a person to join us 语法探究突破语法精讲 三、学以致用1 ①who②who③who/whom④who ⑤whose ⑥whose 学以致用2 ①that②who/whom/that③that/which 四、学以致用3 Dthat I have visited 2that she was interested in ③the only thing that Section M Reading for Writing,Assessing Your Progress Video Time 新知点点突破重点单词 1.wave 2.calm 3.aid 4.sweep 5.strike 6.summary summarize 7.effect affect 8.length long 9.deliver delivery 10.erupt eruption 11.power powerful 重点短语 1.in 2.in 3.away 4.number 5.expected 6.over 7.damaged 8.it 重点句型 1.过去40年来最强的一次地震引起的海啸昨天登陆了亚 洲海岸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其 他至少四个国家的6500人死亡。 ·25 参考答案 2.这次地震震级达到9级，它所引起的巨浪卷走了许多的 渔民、游客、宾馆、住户以及汽车。 3然而，危险的状况以及受损的道路将会使得运送食物及 其他补给变得异常困难。 要点层层精析 词汇精讲 1.即学活用 ①into ②It③were struck by④（钟）敲⑤打 ⑥划（火柴）⑦罢工 ⑧袭击 2.即学活用 ①派送，分发②生小孩儿③发表演讲④delivered an important speech 5it'll be delivered to 3.即学活用 ①In②effective③came into effect 句式精析 1.即学活用 ①causing②leaving us puzzled③making④to make 2.即学活用 ①make it clear that②stand③heard④it⑤to express 写作表达升格学以致用 「参考范文] A Fun Sports Meet Last Saturday witnessed a fun sports meet held in our school. Aiming to enrich students'school life,our school or- ganized a fun sports meet in the playground of our school. As scheduled,the sports meet,which attracted students from every class,started at 14:00 and lasted for 3 hours. Various activities were prepared for students,ranging from tug-of-war,crab run to kangaroo jumping,all of which caused endless laughter. The activity was highly spoken of because not only did it offer us a chance to exercise but also promoted the friendship among us. UNIT 5 单元新知预览读图探新 1.Russian...2.Yes.It is a good idea that people all over the world have a common language. Because,in that case,people all over the world can commu- nicate easily. Section I Listening and Speaking Reading and Thinking(D 课文篇章理解 [Step.1]Vairous [Step.211.D 2.Para.1:D Para,2:F Para.3:A Para.4:E Para.5:C Para.6:B 3.C 4.(1)T(2)F(3)T(4)F(5)T [Step.3]1-5 DCCCB [Step.41.with 2.started 3.carving 4.seen 5.a 6.geographically 7.leading 8.varieties 9.one 10.which Section II Listening and Speaking Reading and Thinking(ID 新知点点突破重点单词 1.native 2.attitude 3.refer 4.system 5.despite 6.factor 7.symbol 8.carve 9.dynasty 10.dialect 11.means 12.regard 13.native natively 14.refer reference 15,based base 16,variety various 17.character characteristic 18.global globe 19.appreciate appreciation 20.specific special 重点短语 1.refer to 2.ups and downs 3.be based on 4.date back to 5.a variety of 6.major in 7.regard...as... 8.billions of 9.soon after... 重点句型 1.中国古文明延续至今成为可能是有很多原因的，其中一 个主要因素就是中国书法体系。